Poster Abstracts in Word 29oct - American Museum of Natural History

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Co-author: Walter Jetz, Yale University, New Haven, USAConservation problem or question: Tropical protected areas represent the cornerstone ofbiodiversity conservation and ecosystem maintenance, yet forest loss has been recorded inand adjacent to them. Drivers of forest loss include national governance, populationexpansion, and road density. However, drivers may be disparate and idiosyncratic withinand among countries. Here, we examine the relative effects of encroachment drivers in andaround tropical reserves.Research methods: Using several independently derived high-resolution remotely sensedland-cover data, we quantify forest encroachment in and 50km buffer distance, as well astheir hypothesized drivers across at least 50 countries and among four regions. By buildingmulti-level, multi-regional and multi-predictor path models, the extent of anthropogenicactivities at two distinct administrative levels (reserve and nation) of forest encroachmentare elucidated.Relevance to conservation: Our findings will advance our understanding of the local,regional and global human encroachment pressures on tropical forest at protected areasacross the tropics with the goal of developing more viable tropical forest policies.BASELINES AND TEA LANDSCAPES IN THE NILGIRIS HILLS, INDIAJARED MARGULIESUniversity of OxfordOxford, United KingdomMasters first yearjared.margulies@keble.ox.ac.ukConservation problem or question: My research will help detail the trajectory of landscapechanges and agriculture intensification in the Nilgiris Hills, as well as biodiversitytransformations since the introduction of tea as a cash crop in the 19th Century.Establishing biodiversity baselines of an agriculture landscape is a novel approach toinvestigating how tea production has impacted local and regional landscapes andecosystems.Research methods: I am utilizing a combination of historical records (found both in Oxfordas well as local Indian institutions) and stakeholder interviews to establish biodiversity andagricultural baselines for the tea plantation landscapes of the Nilgiris Hills, India. My aim isto integrate long-term accounts and information with modern data, making use ofknowledge accumulated about these landscapes through time.Relevance to conservation: The Nilgiris Hills are an important biodiversity landscape,especially for several endangered mammal species, yet much of the landscape has beenaltered by agriculture. Tea is an important crop to the South Indian economy, and so I hopemy research will help inform the transition towards more wildlife and environmentallyfriendly tea production that concurrently secures local livelihoods.HABITAT CHOICE BY BIRDS IN COFFEE AGROFORESTRY LANDSCAPESMELISSA MARKColumbia University, Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology (E3B)New York, New York USAPh.D.completedmark.melissa@gmail.comConservation problem or question: Most of the evidence for shade coffee as an alternativehabitat for birds comes from surveys alone. Information on habitat choice, reproduction,and survival in modified landscapes is necessary to determine if sustainable populations canbe maintained in agrofroestry landscapes. Human modifications to tropical forests can resultin ecological traps or population sinks.
Research methods: The methods used are behavioral observation, nest monitoring, markrecapture,and landscape analysis using GIS software.Relevance to conservation: My work shows that resident species found in shade coffee cansuffer from population declines not evident from survey information. The conservation ofcommon species in agricultural landscapes can be aided by further study of habitat choiceand landscape patternsWHAT TYPE OF CORRIDOR IS SUITABLE FOR ECOLOGICAL NETWORK?MISAKO MATSUBAUniversity of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Department ofEcosystemTokyo, JapanMasters second yearaa096280@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jpConservation problem or question: I will present about the ecological network of habitats inurban areas. Urbanization causes the destruction and fragmentation of habitats, leading theloss of biodiversity. Ecological network is considered to be an important tool forconservation of biodiversity. In this study, I examined whether the condition of corridorswhich connect isolated habitats affects the effects of habitat connectivity.Research methods: There are mainly two parts as a method in my study. The first one is afield-observation method. In this study, I researched birds’ distribution and structure ofvegetation in the habitats. The second one is to analyze the satellite images with ageographic information system (GIS) to reveal the vegetation cover of the whole studyarea.Relevance to conservation: The condition of corridors affected the distribution of birds in thesurrounded habitats of each corridor. The corridor consisted of a tree layer with understoryvegetation led more bird species observed in the surrounded habitats than that of only atree layer. This result contributes to more effective planning for conservation of habitats inurban areas.SUSTAINABILITY OF WILDLIFE IN LOGGING CONCESSIONSGERMAIN MAVAHUniversity of Florida, School of Natural Resources and EnvironmentGainesville, Florida USAMasters first yeargamavah.ufl.edu@ufl.eduConservation problem or question: The purpose of this study is to reduce threats to wildlifeand encourage sustainable management practices in the Nouabale Ndoki National Parkbuffer zone with the involvement of local people.Research methods: Data have been collected in two villages located in two loggingconcessions adjacent to national parks. Methods, including semi-structured in-depthinterviews, direct observation, written documents, focus groups and key informants tocollect data about traditional institutions, formal institutions, and evolution of propertyrights, access to forest resources, infrastructure, social structures and regulations.Relevance to conservation: This study will improve understanding of relationships betweeninstitutional design, livelihoods, destructive activities, and bushmeat sustainability. It willanalyze causes of poor participation of local communities in collaborative wildlifemanagement and/or collective actions. It will also improve communication betweencommunities, conservation NGOs, private companies and Government.
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Poster Abstracts in Word 29oct - American Museum of Natural History

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