Basic English Grammar with Exercises - MEK

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Chapter 5 - Verb Phrasesthe subject, which as we have maintained throughout this chapter starts off inside theVP, but moves to the nominative position somewhere higher in the clause. We willconsider issues such as this in the following two chapters when we discuss clausestructure in more detail.Check Questions1 Explain the notions ‘event structure’ and ‘aspect’.2 Compare unaccusatives <strong>with</strong> ergative and intransitive verbs. Consider the eventstructure of the verbs, their complementation, the position and theta roles assigned tothe complements, the ability to appear in causative and/or passive contexts, diagnosticsfor telling them apart, and further properties.3 Consider the specifier position in a projection headed by a light verb and athematic verb. How can it be argued that the two specifier positions are assigneddifferent theta roles?4 What evidence is available to support the assumption that there is an emptylight verb in the transitive counterpart of a light verb+unaccusative verb structure?5 How is passive conceptualised in the text?6 What assumption(s) provides a way out of the problem(s) that both agent andexperiencer arguments occupy [Spec, vP] at D-Structure? What other evidence isavailable to support the existence of multiple light verb constructions?7 What is the analysis proposed for multiple complement constructionsdeveloped in the text?8 What arguments are put forward against the assumption that clausalcomplements occupy the [Spec, VP] position?9 On the basis of the text make a list of verb-types identified.Test your knowledge Exercise 1Identify instances of a semantically contentless ‘there’ and ‘it’ in the sentences below.(1) a There was a man at the door.b He put the book there.c The apples are there.d There is no reason to fight.e It took them two hours to get there.f It appears to be out of order.g It appears that he got lost.h I take it that the answer is ‘no’.i There are no policemen there.j He had a hard time of it in the army.210
Test your knowledge Exercise 2Determine the subcategory of the verbs in the following sentences. Justify your choice<strong>with</strong> the help of different distributional tests. Finally, give their syntactic structure aswell.(1) a A face appeared behind the window.b Susan sang.c Michael moved my map from the middle.d The bomb blew up.e Larry laughed.f Kevin killed Karen.g Ben brought a bulldog for Betty.h Norah knows Nick.i The boat sank.j The letter lay on the table.k The window opened.l A train arrived at the station.m Walt watered the flowers.n Dick died.o Gary gave Greg a gift. Exercise 3Provide the given forms of verbs.Verb Tense Aspect Person&numberVoicesee past perfect 3Sg passivesaw present progressive 1Pl activebring future perfect 2Sg passivecome present perfect 3Pl activethink past progressive 2Sg activesing future perfect 3Sg passiveread present progressive 3Pl passivewrite past perfect 3Sg passiveeat future progressive 1Sg activefall past perfect 3Sg passivebuy present perfect 2Sg activetell past progressive 3Pl passivepull future progressive 2Pl activego past perfect 3Sg activesend future perfect 3Pl passiveForm211
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Basic English Syntaxwith ExercisesM
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Basic English Syntaxwith ExercisesM
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PrefaceThe target audience for the
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Table of ContentsChapter 3 Basic Co
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Table of ContentsSuggested Answers
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Chapter 1 - Grammatical Foundations
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2 Word Categories2.1 The LexiconCha
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Chapter 3Basic Concepts of Syntacti
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X-bar TheoryNote that the X'and the
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X-bar Theoryunderstood in this sent
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X-bar Theory(19) XPYPX'VYPfallThese
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X-bar Theory1.4 SpecifiersSo far we
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X-bar Theorynoun, we conclude that
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X-bar Theory(40) NPNPRelSNP RelS wh
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Theoretical Aspects of MovementThe
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Theoretical Aspects of MovementFina
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Theoretical Aspects of Movement(61)
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Theoretical Aspects of Movementassi
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Theoretical Aspects of MovementThe
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Theoretical Aspects of Movementmorp
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Theoretical Aspects of Movementposs
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Theoretical Aspects of MovementAs t
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Theoretical Aspects of MovementTher
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Theoretical Aspects of Movement(105
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Test your knowledge6 Explain the di
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Test your knowledge Exercise 3Decid
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Test your knowledge Exercise 9Ident
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Test your knowledge Exercise 17Why
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Chapter 4 - The Determiner PhraseTh
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Chapter 4 - The Determiner Phrase(1
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Chapter 4 - The Determiner PhraseOf
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Chapter 4 - The Determiner PhraseTh
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Chapter 4 - The Determiner Phrasepr
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Chapter 4 - The Determiner PhraseOf
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Chapter 5Verb PhrasesIn this chapte
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Event Structure and Aspectsome othe
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Verb Types(10) a there arrived a le
Page 171 and 172: Verb TypesThe position to which the
Page 173 and 174: Verb TypesThe thematic relationship
Page 175 and 176: Verb Types(39) a I broke the window
Page 177 and 178: Verb Types(48) a Mike made the ball
Page 179 and 180: Verb Types(54) a elmozdította a do
Page 181 and 182: Verb Typesconstruction in their ‘
Page 183 and 184: Verb Typesassumption of a position
Page 185 and 186: Verb Types(73) vPDPv'Pete v VPe DP
Page 187 and 188: Verb Types(78) vPDPv'Pete v VPagent
Page 189 and 190: Verb Typesand that these are passed
Page 191 and 192: Verb Types(90) e = e 1 : e 1 = ‘F
Page 193 and 194: Verb TypesbvPDPv'Ursula v vPv 2 e D
Page 195 and 196: Verb Types(102) vPDPv'Sam v VPsmile
Page 197 and 198: Verb Types(111) a Porter put the bo
Page 199 and 200: Verb Typeswhich the main verb moves
Page 201 and 202: Verb Types(125) a he lived right ne
Page 203 and 204: Verb TypesIn this structure, presum
Page 205 and 206: Verb Typesvery difficult problems f
Page 207 and 208: Verb TypesIn this, the verb moves f
Page 209 and 210: Aspectual Auxiliary Verbs2.9 Summar
Page 211 and 212: Aspectual Auxiliary Verbs(158) a di
Page 213 and 214: Aspectual Auxiliary Verbsevent (the
Page 215 and 216: Adverbs, PPs and Clausal modifiers4
Page 217 and 218: Adverbs, PPs and Clausal modifiers(
Page 219 and 220: Adverbs, PPs and Clausal modifiersW
Page 221: Conclusion(186) a vPDPv'Harry v' Sv
Page 225 and 226: Chapter 6Inflectional PhrasesIn the
Page 227 and 228: The structure of IPIn the previous
Page 229 and 230: The structure of IPInflections also
Page 231 and 232: The syntax of inflection(17) repres
Page 233 and 234: The syntax of inflection(20) IP- I'
Page 235 and 236: The syntax of inflection(27) IP- I'
Page 237 and 238: The syntax of inflectionBesides the
Page 239 and 240: The syntax of inflectionverb cannot
Page 241 and 242: The syntax of inflection(44) a I th
Page 243 and 244: The syntax of inflection(53) a I qu
Page 245 and 246: 3 Movement to Spec IPMovement to Sp
Page 247 and 248: Movement to Spec IP(60) vPDPv'they
Page 249 and 250: Movement to Spec IP(66) an element
Page 251 and 252: Conclusion(71) IPDPI'API'IvPvv'vPNo
Page 253: Test your knowledge Exercise 4Give
Page 256 and 257: Chapter 7 - Complementiser PhrasesI
Page 258 and 259: 2 The Clause as CPChapter 7 - Compl
Page 260 and 261: 3 Interrogative CPs3.1 Basic positi
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser Phrases(
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser Phrasesa
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser Phrasesa
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser Phrases5
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser PhrasesT
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser Phrases1
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Chapter 7 - Complementiser Phrases
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Chapter 8 - The Syntax of Non-Finit
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Check questionsChapter 8 - The Synt
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Suggested Answers and HintsChapter
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Exercise 2 Exercise 2A given verb m
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Exercise 4 Exercise 4 Exercise 5a J
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Exercise 7un+happi+estThis word con
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Exercise 10(9) a In the present sit
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Exercise 11Degree adverbsa cverydmo
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Exercise 13f Jane broke the vase.Th
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Check QuestionsChapter 2 Check Ques
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Check questionsChapter 3 Check ques
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Exercise 1 Exercise 1Possible confi
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Exercise 9will category: [+F, -N, +
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Exercise 11(2) VPVPYPV' adjunctV 0X
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Exercise 13(iii) In sentence (3a) b
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Exercise 14The adjunct PP is merged
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Exercise 15d) DPD'DaNPN'APN'tall AP
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Exercise 16g) NNNNorangeN cocktailj
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Exercise 18b) Predicate: thinkThema
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Check Questionsindefinite. Again, t
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Suggested answer forExercise 1(1) b
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Suggested answer forExercise 1(1) d
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Suggested answer forExercise 1(1) f
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Exercise 4 Exercise 4(1) DPDPD'the
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Exercise 4(3) DPD'DtheNPN'APN'most
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Exercise 5 Exercise 5In the Italian
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Exercise 8DPD'DNPanN'NPPanalysisP'P
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Exercise 9bDPD'D 0NPe AP N'one N 0
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Check Questionscontribute to the me
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Exercise 2Multiple complement verbs
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Exercise 2f Kevin killed Karen.agen
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Exercise 2k The window opened.theme
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Exercise 3 Exercise 3Verb Tense Asp
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Exercise 6(1) h Reorganisation of a
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Check Questionsoccur in embedded co
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Exercise 2I. Bill gets accusative C
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Exercise 4 Exercise 4a) In the sent
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Exercise 4c) The sentence David rol
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Exercise 4e) The verb sink is an er
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Exercise 4g) In the sentence Bill c
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Exercise 4i) The verb cough in the
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Exercise 4In our sentence, this pos
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Exercise 4m) In the sentence Jim to
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Exercise 4CP 3C'CIPthat DP I'Jim I
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Check QuesionsQ2 Main clauses in En
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Check Quesionsstructurally from the
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Exercise 3 Exercise 3e Has John eve
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Exercise 4(1) b raisingThe verb see
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Exercise 5 Exercise 5(1) a Which bo
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Exercise 6It is assumed that the su
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Exercise 7(6) a John -s like whob W
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Exercise 8As the grammaticality in
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Check QuestionsChapter 8 Check Ques
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Exercise 1 Exercise 1a- adjective,
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Exercise 4possible antecedent in th
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Exercise 6(v) In sentence (1e) ther
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Exercise 9 Exercise 9f [PRO] To err
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Exercise 9IPt 2I'IvPv'vvPtov'vvPhav
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Exercise 9IPt 4I'IvPv'vvPtov'vvPbe
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Exercise 9In sentence (1d) the main
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Exercise 9CP 7C'CIPPRO 8I'IvPv'vvPt
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Glossaryadjunction: a type of movem
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Glossarybase-generate: to insert co
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Glossarywhere for is used not as a
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Glossaryby a wh-element. The meanin
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Glossaryfinite verb form: a verb fo
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Glossarypresent approach, however,
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Glossarymorphological case: there i
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GlossaryGeneralisation), so the DP
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Glossarypronominal: those DPs that
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Glossaryspecifier rule: one of the
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Glossarytrace: moved constituents l
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Glossarywh-relative: a relative cla
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IndexA.adjacency 221adjective 11, 1
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IndexD.dative alternate see dative
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Indexmorphology 31, 33, 43, 75, 76,
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Indexmissing subject 100, 190, 225,
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