F7 From Second Reich to Third Reich - The Student Room

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Access to History Online Edexcel Unit 1 – F7 From Second Reich to Third Reich:Germany, 1918–45Anti-Young Plan referendum campaign – 14% only favourrejection1930 Muller government resigns; Bruning appointed ChancellorYoung Plan agreedNazis make their electoral breakthrough in theSeptember elections – gaining 107 seats and becomingthe second largest party; Rohm becomes leader of theSA after some discontent; Hitler begins to build up SSBruning introduces economic policies by presidentialdecree (Article 48)1931 Josef Goebbels is put in charge of propaganda. InFebruary, SA is purged of leaders such as StennesThe Harzburg Front is created with the aim of removingBruning from power and preventing a communisttakeover. This links Hitler to the DNVP and leadingindustrialists such as Fritz Thyssen1932 In January Hitler receives positive support fromindustrialistsHindenburg is re-elected President after two ballots withHitler achieving 13.4 million votes to Hindenburg’s 19.3million votes on the second ballotUnemployment reaches 6.1 millionThe Nazis make further advances in the State elections inAprilThe SA and the SS are banned by emergency decree inApril, with the ban being lifted in JuneBruning resigns in May; von Papen appointed ChancellorIn the July elections the Nazis become the largest partywith 37% of the vote and 230 seatsHindenburg refuses to make Hitler ChancellorNo confidence vote in government in SeptemberIn the November elections, the Nazi vote drops to 33%of the vote and their seats in the Reichstag go down to196. This leads to an internal crisis among Party leadersIn December von Papen resigns; Schleicher appointedChancellor1933 January political discussions concerning futuregovernment as government struggles to maintain power;Hindenburg persuaded to consider Hitler as ChancellorHitler is appointed Chancellor (30 January) with twoother Nazis in his Cabinet – Frick as Minister of theInterior and Goering as Minister without Portfolio;elections called for MarchThe Decree for the Protection of the German People ispassed. This gives Hitler the power to ban hostile politicalmeetings and newspapersMembers of the SA are appointed as auxiliary policemenso that they have the same powers as the policeReichstag Fire takes place. The Communists are blamedfor this and it gives the Nazis the opportunity to furthererode civil libertiesEmergency Decrees for the Protection of the German© Hodder Education 2010. This material may be downloaded and copied free ofcharge, but only for distribution within the subscribing institution.
Access to History Online Edexcel Unit 1 – F7 From Second Reich to Third Reich:Germany, 1918–45People and the State are passed using Article 48 on theday after the fire. These enable the Nazis to suspend allcivil libertiesIn the March elections, the Nazis gain 44% of the vote,amounting to 288 seats in the ReichstagDay of Potsdam – this ceremony to mark the opening ofthe Reichstag appears to legitimise Hitler’s positionthrough the attendance of Hindenburg, the Kaiser’s sonand many of the generalsThe Enabling Act is passed, meaning that Hitler can passlaws for the next four years3. Life in Hitler’s Germany(Note: this is not organised into chronological order within each year – see TeachingActivity 4.)Year Month Event1933 Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service – 10% ofuniversity lecturers are dismissed for many reasonsincluding racial and political reasonsAll other youth groups (other than the Catholic groups –protected by the Concordat) taken over by the HitlerYouthMarch Ministry for Public Enlightenment and PropagandaMarriage loans to the unemployedUnemployment stands at 6 millionHjalmar Schacht appointed as President of theReichsbankWomen in leading positions in civil service and medicinedismissed from jobsApril Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service removes Jewsfrom employment in the Civil Service – although thosewho fought for Germany in the First World War areallowed to be exempt after Hindenburg’s intervention1 April One-day boycott of Jewish shopsJuly Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring– compulsory sterilisationMay DAF, German Labour Front, set up and trades unionsbanned. Led by Robert Ley, it incorporates all workerspreviously involved in trades unionsJuly Catholic Church signs a Concordat with the Nazigovernment – agreeing to respect each other’s role andnot interfere with each other’s organisationsSeptember Entailed Farm Law prevents Jews from owning farmsReich Church created – bringing together all ProtestantChurches1934 Confessional Church breaks away from the Reich Churchas it opposes the involvement of Nazi government inreligious affairsAugust Hjalmar Schacht appointed as Economics MinisterNew Plan introduced to sort out the balance of tradedeficit; bilateral trade agreements made with foreign© Hodder Education 2010. This material may be downloaded and copied free ofcharge, but only for distribution within the subscribing institution.
Page 1 and 2: Access to History Online Edexcel Un
Page 5: Access to History Online Edexcel Un

F7 From Second Reich to Third Reich - The Student Room

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?