Bridge Building: Focus: Structural Engineering Grades - Educational ...

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Suspension BridgeAesthetic, light, and strong, suspension bridges can spandistances from 2,000 to 7,000 feet -- far longer than anyother kind of bridge. They also tend to be the mostexpensive to build. True to its name, a suspension bridgesuspends the roadway from huge main cables, whichextend from one end of the bridge to the other. Thesecables rest on top of high towers and are secured at eachend by anchorages.The towers enable the main cables to be draped over longdistances. Inside the anchorages, thecables are spread over a large area toevenly distribute the load and toprevent the cables from breakingfree.Suspension bridgeanchorageSuspension bridgeGolden Gate Bridge, SanFrancisco, CAArch BridgeArch bridges are one of the oldest types of bridges andhave great natural strength. Instead of pushing straightdown, the weight of an arch bridge is carried outwardalong the curve of the arch to the supports at each end.These supports, called the abutments, carry the load andkeep the ends of the bridge from spreading out. Alsodiscuss tension and compression.Arch BridgeBixby Creek Bridge,Monterey, CABeam BridgeA beam or "girder" bridge is the simplest and mostinexpensive kind of bridge. According to Craig Finley ofFinley/ McNary Engineering, "they're basically the vanillasof the bridge world."In its most basic form, a beam bridge consists of ahorizontal beam that is supported at each end by piers. Thebeam itself must be strong so that it doesn't bend under itsown weight and theBeam bridge14
Cable-Stayed BridgeCable-stayed bridges may look similar to suspensionsbridges -- both have roadways that hang from cables andboth have towers. But the two bridges support the load ofthe roadway in very different ways. The difference lies inhow the cables are connected to the towers. In suspensionbridges, the cables ride freely across the towers,transmitting the load to the anchorages at either end. Incable-stayed bridges, the cables are attached to thetowers, which alone bear the load.ICable-stayed bridgeClark Bridge, Alton, ILActivity 2First Bridge BoxesClick on picture for a larger pictureHere is the bridge activity using cubes.FirstRun off 4 copies of a cube pattern to form the boxes. (Alternatives to Worksheets - CreativeTeaching Press) This pattern is glued to railroad board. Cut out and then formed into a stiff box.Make 4 boxes in this way.Join the boxes with tape.SecondUsing all the drawn bridges on the square or long paper, cut out the pictures and glue the partsonto the cubes.(see activity 2 of lesson plan or make a template as shown.)15
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Page 19 and 20: Resources and ReferencesThe Clark B

Bridge Building: Focus: Structural Engineering Grades - Educational ...

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