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(1999) ‘Role of Zayed International Agricultural andEnvironmental Research Program in developing halophyte forageproduction systems in UAE’. Oral presentation at the 4 th Annual Meetingfor Animal Production under Arid Conditions: Future Perspectives of Salt-Tolerant Plants in the Gulf Region.Anwahi, A. (1994) Seedling emergence and growth of mangrove Avicenniamarina (Forssk.) Vierh. under different environmental conditions in theUnited Arab Emirates. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, United Arab EmiratesUniversity, Al Ain.Aspinall, S. (1996) ‘Management of mangroves in the United Arab Emirates(Flora & Fauna of the mangal ecosystem)’. In: Abstracts of Symposium onConservation of Mangal Ecosystems, UAE University, December 1996, Al Ain.Barth, H.-J. and Böer, B. (eds) (2002) The sabkha ecosystems of the ArabianPeninsula region: distribution and ecology. Tasks for Vegetation Science.Dordrecht: Kluwer.Basson, P., Burchard, J., Hardy, J. and Price, A. (1977) Biotopes of thewestern Arabian Gulf. 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T H E E M I R A T E S – A N A T U R A L H I S T O R YBrown, J.N.B. (1978) Natural vegetation and re-afforestation in Abu Dhabi.Bulletin of the Emirates Natural History Group 4: 31–32.Deil, U. (1998) ‘Coastal and Sabkha Vegetation.’ In: Ghazanfar, S. and Fisher,M. (eds) Vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula, pp 209–228. Geobotany 25.Dordrecht: Kluwer.El-Amry, M. (1996) ‘Population structure, demography and life table ofmangrove on some Eastern and Western sites along UAE coasts.’ In:Abstracts Conservation of Mangal Ecosystems, UAE Univ. Dec. 1996, Al Ain.El Amry, M., El-Shourbagy, M. and Anwahi, A. (1994) ‘Impact of coastallandform on the growth and productivity in the communities of Avicenniamarina (Forssk.) Vierh, in the UAE’. In: Abstracts of RegionalEnvironmental Symposium, UAE University 1994, Al Ain.El-Shourbagy, M., El-Amry, M. and Anwahi, A. (1994) ‘Implementation ofsome controlled and natural environmental conditions for enriching ofthe productivity of grey mangrove in the UAE’. 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Environmental Research and Conservationfollowing the 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill. Brussels: European Commission;Riyadh: National Commission for Wildlife Conservation andDevelopment; Frankfurt: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 511pp.Lieth, H. and Lieth, A. (1993) Seawater irrigation studies in the United ArabEmirates – an introduction to the Al Ain Conference. Tasks for VegetationScience 27: 1–10.MacNae, W. (1968) A general account of the fauna and flora of mangroveswamps and forests in the Indo-West Pacific region.’ Adv.Mar.Biol. 6: 73–270.Mandaville, J.P. (1990) Flora of Eastern Saudi Arabia. London: Kegan PaulInternational; Riyadh: NCWCD.MEPA and IUCN (1987) Red Sea and Arabian Gulf – Saudi Arabia: Anassessment of national coastal zone management requirements. MEPACoastal and Marine Management Series Report 7, pp 1–41.Pleasance, P., Castell, P., Coburn, J. and Williams, S. (2003) First Breeding ofwhite-collared Kingfisher in Oman. Phoenix 19: 9–10.Rabanal, H.R. and Beuschel, G.K. 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Bulletin of theEmirates Natural History Group 31: 10–21.This reference list covers many of the more useful accounts of the marinealgae and seagrasses of the Arabian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea andparts of the East African coast together with more general accounts inwhich these plants are mentioned.GENERALAl-Hasan, R.H. and Jones, W.E. (1989) Marine algal flora and sea grasses of thecoast of Kuwait. Journal of the University of Kuwait (Science) 16: 289–340.Barratt, L., Ormond, R.F.G., Campbell, A.C., Hiscock, S., Hogarth, P.J. andTaylor, J.D. (1984) An Ecological Study of the Rocky Shores on the SouthCoast of Oman. Report of IUCN to the UNEP Regional Seas Programme.Tropical Marine Research Unit. York: University of York.Basson, P.W., Burchard, J.E., Hardy, J.T. and Price, A.R.T. (1977) Biotopes ofthe Western Arabian Gulf: Marine Life and Environments of Saudi Arabia.Dhahran: Arabian American Oil Company.Carpenter, K.E., Krupp, F., Jones, D.A. and Zajonz, U. (1997) Living MarineResources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the UnitedArab Emirates. Rome: FAO.Cordero, P.A. (1933) ‘The marine vegetation of the Muscat area, Sultanate ofOman’. In: Proceedings of the 2 nd RP-USA Phycology Symposium/Workshop,pp 31–43. Philippines.De Clerk, O. and E. Coppejans, E. (1994) Status of the macroalgae andseagrass vegetation after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. CourierForschungsinstitut Senckenberg 166: 8–21.De Clerk, O. and Coppejans, E. (1994) Status of the macroalgae and seagrassvegetation after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Courier ForschungsinstitutSenckenberg 166: 8–21.George, J.D. and John, D.M. (2004) ‘The coral reefs of Abu Dhabi: past,present and future’. In: Marine Atlas of Abu Dhabi, pp 140–157. AbuDhabi: Emirates Heritage Club.John, D. M. and George, J.D. (2001) The Marine Life of the Emirate of AbuDhabi. A Report for the Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations.London: Natural History Museum.John, D.M. and George, J.D. (2004) ‘Intertidal and subtidal benthic communitiesin Abu Dhabi’. In: Marine Atlas of Abu Dhabi, pp 94–123. Abu Dhabi:Emirates Heritage Club.Jones, D.A. (1986) A Field Guide to the Sea Shores of Kuwait and the ArabianGulf. Kuwait: University of Kuwait.Jupp, B.P. (1998) Marine Environmental Survey of Mina Al Fahal. FinalReport, June 1998. COSMASCO: Petroleum Development Oman.Richmond, M.D. (1996) ‘Status of subtidal biotopes of the Jubail MarineWildlife Sanctuary with special reference to soft-substrata communities.’In: Krupp, F., Abuzinada, A.H and Nader, I.A. (eds) A Marine WildlifeSanctuary for the Arabian Gulf. Environmental Research and ConservationFollowing the 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill. Riyadh: NCWCD; Frankfurt,Senckenberg Research Institute.Richmond, M.D. (ed.) (1997) A guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa andthe Western Indian Ocean Islands. Stockholm: Swedish InternationalDevelopment Cooperation Agency.MARINE MACROALGAE (SEAWEEDS)Banaimoon, S.A. (1986) Study of the algae of the coast of the DemocraticRepublic of Yemen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, India56: 124–132.Banaimoon, S.A. (1988) The marine algal flora of Khalf and adjacentregions, Hadramout, P.D.R. Yemen. Botanica Marina 31: 215–221.376

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A guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa and the WesternIndian Ocean islands, pp 96–97. Stockholm: Swedish InternationalDevelopment Cooperation Agency.Coppejans, E., Richmond, M.D., De Clerk, O. and Rabesandratana, R. (1997)Marine Algae Seaweeds. In: M.D. Richmond (ed.) A guide to the Seashoresof Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean islands, pp 70–95.Stockholm: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency.De Clerk, O. and Coppejans, E. (1994) Status of the macroalgae and seagrassvegetation after the 1991Gulf War oil spill. Courier ForschungsinstitutSenckenberg 166: 8–21.De Clerk, O. and Coppejans, E. (1996) ‘Marine algae of the Jubail MarineWildlife Sanctuary, Saudi Arabia’. In: Krupp, F., Abuzinada, A.H. and Nader,I.A. (eds) A Marine Wildlife Sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf. EnvironmentalResearch and Conservation Following the 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill, pp 199–289.Riyadh: NCWCD; Frankfurt: Senckenberg Research Institute.Endlicher, S.L. and Diesing, C.M. (1845) Enumeratio algarum, quas ad oraminsulae Karek, sinus Persici, legit Theodorus Kotschy. Botanische Zeitung 3:268–269.Hiscock, S., Barratt, L. and Ormond, R. (1984) The marine algae of Dhofar,Oman–an upwelling system in the Arabian Sea. British PhycologicalJournal 19: 94.Jaasund, E. (1976) Intertidal Seaweeds in Tanzania. Tromso: University ofTromso.Newton, L. (1955a) The marine algae of Kuwait. In: Dickson, V. (ed.)The Wild Flowers of Kuwait and Bahrain, pp 100–102.Newton, L. (1955b) The marine algae of Kuwait. In: Dickson, V. (ed.)The Wild Flowers of Kuwait and Bahrain, pp 141–144.Newton, L.M. (1953) ‘Marine Algae’. In: The John Murray Expedition,1933–34,Scientific Reports 9: 395–420. London: British Museum (Natural History).Nizamuddin, M., Hiscock, S., Barrayy, L. and Ormond, R.F.G. (1993)The occurrence and morphology of Sargassopsis gen, nov. (Phaeophyta,Fucales) in Southern Oman. Botanica Marina 36: 109–121.INSECTS & OTHER ARTHROPODSOrmond, R.F.G. and Banaimoon, S.A. (1994) Ecology of intertidal macroalgalassemblages on the Hadramout coast of southern Yemen, an area ofseasonal upwelling. Marine Ecological Progress Series 105: 105–120.Nizamuddin, M. and Gessner, F. (1970) The marine algae of northern part ofthe Arabian Sea and of the Persian Gulf. ‘Meteor’ Forschungs-Ergebnisse.Reihe D 6: 1–42.Silva, P. C., Basson, P.W. and Moe, R.L. (1991) Catalogue of the benthicmarine algae of the Indian Ocean. University of California Publications inBotany 79: 1–259.Wynne, M.J. (1999) New records of benthic marine algae from the Sultanateof Oman. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 22:189–208.Wynne, M.J. and Jupp, B.P. (1998) The benthic marine algal flora of theSultanate of Oman: new records. Botanica Marina 41: 7–14.MARINE MICROALGAEDesikachary, T.V. (1959) Cyanophyta. New Delhi: Indian Council ofAgriculture Research.Hoffmann, L. (1994) Distribution, species composition and status of theintertidal blue-green algal mats. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senkenberg166: 16–17.Komárek, J. and Anagnostidis, K. (1999) ‘Cyanoprokaryota 1. Teil:Chroococcales’. In: Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa 19/1. Jena, Stuttgartand Lübeck: G. Fisher.Reid, G. and Williams, D.M. (2002) The marine diatom genus Climaconeis(Berkeleyaceae, Bacillariophyta): two new species from Abu Dhabi, UnitedArab Emirates. Diatom Research, 17: 309–318.Silva, S.M.F. (1997) ‘Division Cyanophyta Blue-green Algae’. In: Richmond,M.D. (ed.) A Guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa and the WesternIndian Ocean islands, pp 98–99. Stockholm: Swedish InternationalDevelopment Cooperation Agency.Whitton, B.A., Balbi, D.M., Gemmell, J.J. and Robinson, P.J. (2002) Blue-Green Algae of the British Isles Interactive Key to the Species (CD-ROM).School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham.SEAGRASSESBandeira, S.O. (1997) Seagrasses. In: Richmond, M.D. (ed.) A Guide to theSeashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean Islands, pp 64–67.Stockholm: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency.Den Hartog, C. (1970) The Seagrasses of the World. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing.Jupp, B.P., Durako, M.J., Kenworthy, W.J., Thayer, G.W. and Schillak, L.(1996) Distribution, abundance, and species composition of seagrasses atseveral sites in Oman. Aquatic Botany 53: 199–213.Phillips, R.C., Loughland, R.A. and Youssef, A. (2002) Seagrasses of AbuDhabi, U.A.E. Tribulus 12: 20–23.Phillips, R.C., Loughland, R.A. and Youssef, A. (2004) ‘The Seagrassesresources of Abu Dhabi Emirate’. In: Marine Atlas of Abu Dhabi,pp 124–139. Abu Dhabi: Emirates Heritage Club.R E F E R E N C E S B Y C H A P T E RAl-Houty, W. (1989) Insect Fauna of Kuwait. Kuwait: University of Kuwait.Brancucci, M. (1984) Insects of Saudi Arabia Coleoptera: Fam. Haliplidae,Noteridae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae (Part 4), Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 229–42.Cassola, F. and Rihane, A. (1996) Notes on the Tiger Beetle Fauna of theSultanate of Oman (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae). Fauna of Saudi Arabia15: 196–205 .Cassola, F. and Schneider, W. (1997) Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera:Cicindelidae) from the Saudi Arabian Gulf Coast. Fauna of Saudi Arabia16: 247–53 .Chhotani, O.B. and Bose, G. (1991) Isoptera from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait,with a Key to Arabian Species. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 12: 256–65 .Collingwood, C.A., Tigar, B.J. and Agosti, D. (1997) Introduced Ants in theUnited Arab Emirates. Journal of Arid Environments 37: 505–12 .Cunningham, P.L. and Thompson, K. (2000) Tick-host Relationship asDetermined from Wildlife in the United Arab Emirates (Acarina, Fam.Ixodidae) – a Preliminary Study. Tribulus 10 (1): 16–7.Dib, G., Ferguson, R.K. and Sljivic, V. (1992) Hypersensitivity to Samsumant. Lancet 339: 552–553.Dlabola, J. Insects of Saudi Arabia Homoptera. 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T H E E M I R A T E S – A N A T U R A L H I S T O R YFeulner, G.R. (1998) First Report of the Scorpion Buthotus jayakari in the UAE.Tribulus 8(2): 29.Feulner, G.R. (1999) Two New UAE Damselflies: Ceragrion glabrum andPseudagrion decorum. Tribulus 9(2): 31.Fürsch, H. (1979) Insects of Saudi Arabia Coleoptera: Fam. Coccinellidae.Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 235–48.Giles, G. (1998) An Illustrated Checklist of the Damselflies and Dragonfliesof the UAE. Tribulus 8(2): 9–15.Gillett, M. (1994a) Discovery of Insects Belonging to the OrdersEphemeroptera and Embioptera at Al Ain. Tribulus 4(1): 17–20.Gillett M.P.T. (1994b) The Poisonous Coleoptera of the United Arab Emiratesand Neighbouring Countries. Emirates Medical Journal 12: 265–76.Gillett, M.P.T. (1995a) Scarab Dung Beetles in the Al Ain Region of the UAEand Neighbouring Areas of Oman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Tribulus5(1): 14–23.Gillett, M.P.T. 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(1998a) Butterflies of the UAE and Neighbouring Areas ofNorthern Oman: the Polymorphic Status and Phyto-chemical Associations ofthe Plain Tiger, Danaus chrysippus chrysippus. Tribulus 8(1): 8–13.Gillett, M.P.T. (1998b) Carpenter Moths from the Al Ain Region. Tribulus8(1): 29 .Gillett, M.P.T. (1998c) The Silver Y Moth Autographa gamma and Ctenoplusialimbirena, Unexpected Winter Visitors to Al Ain. Tribulus 8(1): 30.Gillett, M.P.T. (1998d) ‘The Insects of Jebel Hafeet (With a Short Note onRepresentatives of Other Arthropod Groups)’. In: Hornby, R. (ed.)The Natural History, Geology and Archaeology of Jebel Hafeet, pp 63–82.Abu Dhabi: Emirates Natural History Group.Gillett, M.P.T. (1999a) Records of Owl Flies in the Al Ain Area (Neuroptera:Ascalaphidae) Tribulus 9(1): 22.Gillett, M.P.T. (1999b) Preliminary Notes on Some Newly RecordedButterflies from the UAE and Adjacent Parts of Northern Oman(Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Tribulus 9(1): 22–3.Gillett, M.P.T. (1999c) A First Confirmed Record of the Leopard Butterfly,Apharitis acamis (Klug) from Sharjah Emirate. Tribulus 9(1): 25.Gillett, M.P.T. (2000) Grasshopper Biodiversity in the UAE – .an Annotatedand Illustrated List of Short Horned Grasshopper Species (Orthoptera –Acridoidea). Tribulus 10(2): 5–15.Gillett, M.P.T. (2003) Occurrence of the Western Pygmy Blue butterfly(Brephidium exile [Boisduval]) on offshore islands of Abu Dhabi, includingMarawah Island (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Tribulus 12(2): 20–21.Gillett, M.P.T. and Gillett, C.P.D.T. (1997) A Solitary Representative of theFlower Chafer Beetles in the Al Ain Region. Tribulus 7(1): 22.Gillett, M.P.T. and Gillett, C.P.D.T. (2003) A winter survey of insects andother terrestrial invertebrates on Marawah Island. Tribulus 12(2): 12–19.Gillett, M.P.T. and Gillett, J.E.D.T. (1996) A Large Blister Beetle Mylabrismaculiventris Klug 1845 from Al Ain and Neighbouring Oman. Tribulus 6(2):20–1.Gorochov, A.V. (1993) Grylloidea (Orthoptera) of Saudi Arabia and AdjacentCountries. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 13: 79–97.Guichard, K.M. (1986) Hymenoptera: Fam. Sphecidae of Arabia Key to theArabian Genera of Hunting Wasps. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 8: 343–51 .Guichard, K.M. (1988a) Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Subfam. Sphecinae of theArabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 9: 114–31.Guichard, K.M. (1988b) The Genus Palarus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) inArabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 9: 132–37.Guichard, K.M. (1989a) The Genus Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) inArabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 10: 134–51.Guichard, K.M. (1989b) The Genera Stizus and Stizoides (Hymenoptera:Sphecidae) in Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 10: 152–9 .Guichard, K.M. (1990) The Genus Oxybelus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) inArabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 11: 277–85.Guichard, K.M. (1994a) The genera Philanthus and Philanthinus(Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) in Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 14 207–12.Guichard , K.M. (1994b) The genus Tachytes (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) inArabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 14: 213–18.Hammer, I. Hymenoptera highlights I – V. Bulletin of the ENHG 18: 16–17(1982); 19: 10–12 (1983); 29: 17–22 (1986a); 30: 10–16 (1986b); 35:6–12 (1988).Hammer, I. (1985) Bees and wasps of the Ruus al Jibal. Bulletin of the ENHG25: 18.Hansen, T. (1962) Der lykkelige Arabien. Copenhagen: Gydenhal.Hölzel, H. (1980) Insects of Saudi Arabia Neuroptera: Fam. Chrysopidae.Fauna of Saudi Arabia 2: 164–73.Hölzel, H. (1983) Insects of Saudi Arabia Neuroptera: Fam. Ascalaphidae’,Fauna of Saudi Arabia 5: 235–39.Hölzel, H.(1988) Neuroptera of Arabia: Fam. Sisyridae, Hemerobiidae,Chrysopidae (Part 2) and Myrmeleonidae (Part 3). Fauna of Saudi Arabia9: 52–67.Holzschuh, C. (1993) Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Saudi Arabia: Part II,Prioninae and Cerambycidinae. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 13: 110–29 .Holzschuh, C. and Téocchi, P. (1991) Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of SaudiArabia: Part 1, Lamiinae. 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Lewis, J.G.E. (1986) Centepedes of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia8: 20–30.Linnavuori, R.E. (1986) Heteroptera of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia8: 31–197.Linsenmaier, W. (1994) The Chrysididae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of theArabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 14: 145–206.Lowe, G. (1993) Tales of Tails: Scorpions of Oman. The Historical Associationof Oman Newsletter 2: 1–3.Mahnert, V. (1991) Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida) from the Arabian Peninsula.Fauna of Saudi Arabia 12: 171–99.Malicky, H. (1986) The Caddisflies of Saudi Arabia and Adjacent Regions(Insecta, Trichoptera). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 8: 233–48.Meinander, M. (1980) Insects of Saudi Arabia Neuroptera: Fam. Nemopteridae.Fauna of Saudi Arabia 2: 174–78.Parker, S.P. (ed.) (1982) Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms, Vol. 2.New York: McGraw-Hill.Paulian, R. (1980) Insects of Saudia Arabia Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea(1 re Contribution). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 2: 141–54.Pelham-Clinton, E.C. (1977) ‘Lepidoptera: Part III Pyralidae from Oman:Specimens in the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh’. In: The ScientificResults of the Oman Flora and Fauna Survey 1975, pp 177–8. Journal ofOman Studies Special Report.Pittino, R. (1984) Insects of Saudi Arabia Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea:A Revision of the Family Aphodiidae. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 267–360.Popov, G.B. (1980) ‘Acridoidea of Eastern Arabia’. In: The Scientific Results ofthe Oman Flora and Fauna Survey, pp 113–48. Journal of Oman StudiesSpecial Report 2.Popov, G.B. (1981) Insects of Saudi Arabia Orthoptera: Fam. Tettigoniidae(Bush Crickets). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 3: 114–48.Popov, G.B. (1988) ‘The Locusts and Grasshoppers of the Wahiba Sands.’ In:The Scientific Results of the Oman Flora and Fauna Survey, pp 325–46.Journal of Oman Studies Special Report 3.Richards, O.W. (1984a) Insects of Saudi Arabia Hymenoptera: Fam. Masaridae(the Arabian Species). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 413–22.Richards, O.W. (1984b) Insects of Saudi Arabia Hymenoptera: Fam. Vespidae(Social Wasps of the Arabian Peninsula). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 423–40.Roche, C.G. (1981) Notes on the bees and wasps of the UAE. Bulletin of theENHG 15: 12–20.Sabatinelli, G. and Pontuale, G. (1998) Melolonthinae and Pachydeminae ofArabia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae. Fauna of Saudi Arabia17: 107–46.Sartori, M. and Gillies M.T. (1990) Further Records of Mayflies (Insecta:Ephemeroptera) from the Arabian Peninsula. Leptophlebiidae and Baetidae.Fauna of Saudi Arabia 11: 10–7.Schneider, W. (1991) New Records of Meloidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) fromArabia with Description of a New Species. Fauna of Saudi Arabia12: 273–88.Scholtz, C.H. (1980) Insects of Saudi Arabia Scarabaeoidea: Coleoptera:Fam. Trogidae (Genus Trox). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 2: 137–40.Schwaller, W. (1990) Revision of the Western Palaearctic Tenebrionidae(Coleoptera) Part 2. The Genus Ammogiton in Arabia with Description of aNew Species. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 11: 40–8.Taita, S. and Ferrara, F. (1991) New Species and Records of Terrestrial Isopods(Crustacea) from the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 12: 209–24.Talhouk, A.S. (1979) Über landwirtschaftliche und soziologische Einflüsseauf das Auftreten und die Bekämpfung von Schädligen in Saudi-Arabien.Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz und Umweltschutz 52: 90–2.Tigar B. (1996) ‘A Preliminary Assessment of the Arthropods of Abu Dhabi’.In: Osborne, P.E. (ed.) Desert Ecology of Abu Dhabi A Review of RecentStudies. Newbury: Pisces Publications.Tigar, B.J. and Collingwood, C.A. (1993) A Preliminary List of Ant Recordsfrom Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE. Tribulus 3(2):13–14.Vachon, M. (1979) Arachnids of Saudi Arabia Scorpiones. Fauna of SaudiArabia 1: 30–68.Vine, P.J. and Al Abed, I. (eds) (1996) Natural Emirates. Wildlife andEnvironment of the United Arab Emirates. London: Trident Press.Walker, D.H. and Pittaway, A.R. (1987) Insects of Eastern Arabia. London:Macmillan.Wiesner, J. (1993) Über die Cicindelidae (Coleoptera) der VereinigtenArabischen Emirate’, Entomologische Zeitschrift 103(14): 249–60.Wiesner, J. (1996) Weitere Mitteilungen über die Cicindelidae (Coleoptera)der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate. Entomologische Zeitschrift 106(9):382–84.Zunino, M. (1979) Insects of Saudi Arabia Coleoptera: Fam. Scarabaeidae,Tribus Onthophagini. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 289–92.Zunino, M. (1981) Insects of Saudi Arabia Coleoptera: Fam. Scarabaeidae,Tribe Onthophagini. Fauna of Saudi Arabia: 408–16.CLAM SHRIMPSFeulner, G.R. (1998) Wadi Fish of the UAE. Tribulus 8(2): 16–22.Hornby, R.J. (1999) Clam shrimps (Branchiopoda, Crustacea): a NewDiscovery for the UAE. Tribulus 9(1): 16–17.Thiery, A. (1996) Large Branchiopods (Crustacea: Anostraca, Notostraca,Spinicaudata, Laevicaudata) from Temporary Inland Waters of the ArabianPeninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 15: 37–98.R E F E R E N C E S B Y C H A P T E RMARINE INVERTEBRATESThis reference list covers many of the more useful accounts of the marineinvertebrate fauna of the Arabian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea and parts ofthe East African coast. Also included is a selection of useful identificationguides covering the Indo-Pacific region in general.GENERALBarratt, L., Ormond, R.F.G., Campbell, A.C., Hiscock, S., Hogarth, P.J. andTaylor, J.D. (1984) An Ecological Study of the Rocky Shores on the SouthCoast of Oman. Report of IUCN to the UNEP Regional Seas Programme.Tropical Marine Research Unit. York: University of York.Allen, G.R. and Steene, R. (1994) Indo-Pacific Coral Reef Field Guide.Singapore: Tropical Reef Research.Basson, P.W., Burchard, J.E., Hardy, J.T. and Price, A.R.T. (1977) Biotopes ofthe Western Arabian Gulf: Marine Life and Environments of Saudi Arabia.Dhahran: Arabian American Oil Company.Branch, G.M., Griffiths, C.L., Branch, M.L. and Beckley, L.E. (1995) Two Oceans:A Guide to the Marine Life of Southern Africa. Cape Town: David Philip.Carpenter, K.E., Krupp, F., Jones, D.A. and Zajonz, U. (1997) Living MarineResources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United ArabEmirates. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.Colin, P.L. and Arneson, C. (1995) Tropical Pacific Invertebrates. A Field Guide tothe Marine Invertebrates occurring on Tropical Pacific Coral Reefs, SeagrassBeds and Mangroves. California: Coral Reef Press.Coleman, N. (2000) Marine Life of the Maldives. Victoria, Australia: AtollEditions.Cordero, P.A. (1933) ‘The marine vegetation of the Muscat area, Sultanate ofOman’. In: Proceedings of the 2 nd RP-USA Phycology Symposium/Workshop,pp 31–43. Philippines.De Clerk, O. and Coppejans, E. (1994) Status of the macroalgae and seagrassvegetation after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Courier ForschungsinstitutSenckenberg 166: 8–21.Dipper, F. (1991) ‘Colonisation and natural changes in a newly established‘artificial reef’ in Gulf waters’. In: Elliott, JM. and Ducrotoy, J-P (eds)Estuaries and Coasts: Spatial and Temporal Intercomparisons, ECSA 19 thSymposium, pp 259–264. Olsen & Olsen.379

T H E E M I R A T E S – A N A T U R A L H I S T O R YDipper, F. and Woodward, T. (1989) The Living Seas: Marine Life of theSouthern Gulf. Dubai: Motivate.George, J.D. and John, D.M. (2004) ‘The coral reefs of Abu Dhabi: past, presentand future’. In: Marine Atlas of Abu Dhabi, pp 140–157. Abu Dhabi:Emirates Heritage Club.Gosliner, T.M., Behrens, D.W. and Williams, G.C. (1995) Coral Reef Animalsof the Indo-Pacific. California: Sea Challengers.John, D. M. and George, J.D. (2001) The Marine Life of the Emirate of AbuDhabi. A Report for the Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations.London: Natural History Museum.John, D.M. and George, J.D. (2004) ‘Intertidal and subtidal benthiccommunities in Abu Dhabi’. In: Marine Atlas of Abu Dhabi, pp 94–123.Abu Dhabi: Emirates Heritage Club.Jones, D.A. (1986) A Field Guide to the Sea Shores of Kuwait and the ArabianGulf. Kuwait: University of Kuwait.McCain, J.C. (1984a) Marine Ecology of Saudi Arabia. The intertidal infaunaof the sand beaches in the northern area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia.Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 53–78.McCain, J.C. (1984b) Marine ecology of Saudi Arabia. The nearshore, softbottom benthic communities of the northern area, Arabian Gulf, SaudiArabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 79–101.McCain, J.C., Tarr, A.B., Carpenter, K.E. and Coles, S.L. (1984) Marine Ecologyof Saudi Arabia. A survey of coral reefs and reef fishes in the northernarea, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 6: 102–20.Purser, B.H. (ed.) (1973) The Persian Gulf. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Richmond, M.D. (1996) ‘Status of subtidal biotopes of the Jubail MarineWildlife Sanctuary with special reference to soft-substrata communities.’In: Krupp, F., Abuzinada, A.H and Nader, I.A. (eds) A Marine WildlifeSanctuary for the Arabian Gulf. Environmental Research and ConservationFollowing the 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill. Riyadh: NCWCD; Frankfurt:Senckenberg Research Institute.Richmond, M.D. (ed.) (1997) A guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa andthe Western Indian Ocean Islands. Stockholm: Swedish InternationalDevelopment Cooperation Agency.Riegl, B. (1999) Corals in a non-reefal setting in the southern Arabian Gulf(Dubai, UAE): fauna and community structure in response to recurringmass mortality. Coral Reefs 18: 63–73.Sheppard, C.R.C. and A.L.S. Sheppard, A.L.S. (1991) Corals and coralcommunities of Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 12: 3–170.Stoddart, D.R. (ed.) (1984) Biogeography and Ecology of the SeychellesIslands. The Hague: W. Junk.Vine P. (1986) Red Sea Invertebrates. London: Immel Publishing.Wells, S. M. (ed.) (1988) Coral Reefs of the World. Vol. 2, Indian Ocean, RedSea and Gulf. Cambridge: UNEP/IUCN.Woodward, T. (1994) Beachcombers’ Guide to the Gulf. Dubai: Motivate.PORIFERAKeller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna der Rothen Meeres Pt 1. Zeitschrift fürWissenschaftliche Zoologie 48: 311–405.Keller, C. (1891) Die Spongienfauna der Rothen Meeres Pt 2. Zeitschrift fürWissenschafliche Zoologie 52: 294–368.Kelly-Borges, M. (1997) ‘Porifera. Sponges.’ In: Richmond, M.D. (ed.)A Guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian OceanIslands, pp106–17. Stockholm: Swedish International DevelopmentCooperation Agency.Kelly-Borges, M. (1995) ‘Phylum Porifera. Sponges’ with errata list. In:Colin, P.L. and Arneson, C. Tropical Pacific Invertebrates. A Field Guide tothe Marine Invertebrates occurring on Tropical Pacific Coral Reefs, SeagrassBeds and Mangroves, pp 17–61. California: Coral Reef Press.Laubenfels, de, M.W. (1954) The sponges of the west-central Pacific. OregonState Monographic Studies in Zoology 7: 1–306.Sarà, M. and Bauestrello, G. (1995) Tethya omanensis, a remarkable newspecies from an Oman cave (Porifera, Demospongiae). Bollettino diZoologia 62: 23–7.Soest, R.W.M. van (1994) ‘Sponges of the Seychelles.’ In: van de Land, J. 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