Path Cardio Outline - TMedWeb

Path Cardio OutlineEnlarged Atria, andBulging VentriclesCARDIOMYOPATHYMuscular Hypertrophy withinterstitial fibrosis (stained blue)Dilated atrium, stiff nonfilling,hypertrophic ventricleDilated Cardiomyopathy‐ Definitiono Progressive Cardiac Dilation and Contractile (systolic) dysfunction without hypertrophyo 25‐30% genetic, 10% EtOH, low % Myocarditis, low% pregnancy, the rest is idiopathic• First Aid, Kaplan, and Goljan say “alcohol is the most common cause”‐ Morphologyo Large, Heavy, Flabby Heart with dilation of all 4 chamberso With dilation comes stretching of the myocardium so there is no visible thickening of theventricular walls = “no hypertrophy”o With dilation comes stretching of the myocardium and with it the valves, so there maybe a functional regurgitation of valves‐ Causeso Myocarditis (see later)o Alcohol = caused by aldehydes or direct toxicity, is indistinguishable from other kindso Pregnancy = poorly understood. There is probably a multi‐factorial combination of HTN,volume expansion, and nutritional deficiency. Called peripartum cardiomyopathyo Genetic = Gene mutation of the cytoskeleton X‐Linked, usually with Dystrophin.ClinicalAges 20‐50 causing slow onset CHF that may precipitously lead to failure (EF