MICROFICHE REFERENCE LIBFUUW - Cd3wd.com

Chapter 1Introduct ion.l .l Objectives -Raising water for irrigation and drainage were among man’s firstmotives for developing water lifting devices. Without such waterlifters, many areas of the world would not be fit for agricultural use;too arid to grow food or forage crops, or too wet to allow cultivation.Over some five millenniums, water lifting has grown into a majorindustry, producing thousands of types and sizes of devices both toliftwater and to serve as prime movers.This state-of-the-art (SOTA) presents a *eview of how water liftinghas developed throughout the world, where it stands today, and providesome insight into its future needs. Recent literature goes into greatdepth discussing the highly specialized and complex pumps of today. Afew other publications briefly mention the operation of several earlywater lifting devices which are still used in many developing countriestoday. Through an extensive literature review, this paper inventoriesthe wide range of water lifters which are randomly discussed in thesepublications and set forth; (a) a unifying classification format, (b),n.the basic principles of operation and typical applications and instal-lations of each class, and (c) a brief review of applicable prime movers.Though this paper will identify some of the technological gaps which existin the water lifting science, it is to serve primarily as a referencepoint for future research which is needed to; (a) improve efficienciesof existing water lifting devices, (b) develop designs suitable formanufacture, operation, and maintenance in developing countries, an.d (c)1