<strong>Am</strong>erica; an impossible task, evenwithout their hav<strong>in</strong>g spent four yearsat war with one another."Never, even <strong>in</strong> ancient history, hasthe world seen a s<strong>in</strong>gle country run bya three-president leadership. How canit be successful? We are walk<strong>in</strong>g onvery th<strong>in</strong> ice" says Mediha Filipovic,M.D., the only woman elected to parliament<strong>in</strong> the first elections after thewar, held <strong>in</strong> October. Filipovic is vicepresident<strong>of</strong> Bosnia's opposition party.She is also a pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> orthodontiaat Sarajevo University, and despite thethree-and-a-half year siege by BosnianSerbs and constant shell<strong>in</strong>g, she isproud that the school was open everyday. Like her colleagues, she workedwithout salary throughout the war,and like all Sarajevans daily carriedwood and water to her home. "Do youknow how rich orthodontists are <strong>in</strong>other countries?" she can joke now.Dur<strong>in</strong>g the war, she lived 100 metersfrom the frontl<strong>in</strong>e, and her apartmentbuild<strong>in</strong>g was shelled 17 times. "Eachmorn<strong>in</strong>g, I read obits on men and boysI had known all my life. Fifty youngmen on my street alone were killed."More than 100 women ran <strong>in</strong> theOctober elections. Filipovic is "deeplydisappo<strong>in</strong>ted" that she was the solewoman elected. "There were a number<strong>of</strong> highly qualified women candidates,"she says. "But these electionswere run on the parliamentary system,which means candidates wereappo<strong>in</strong>ted by their parties, and fewwomen were at the top <strong>of</strong> their parties."She expects this to change."<strong>Women</strong> need to assert their rightsand seize the opportunity to becomemore powerful <strong>in</strong> politics," she says.She is one <strong>of</strong> 42 members <strong>of</strong> parliament;divided strictly along ethnicl<strong>in</strong>es, Muslims, Croats and Serbs have14 representatives each. At the timethat ON THE ISSUES spoke with her, theBosnian Serbs were delay<strong>in</strong>g theopen<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> parliament <strong>in</strong> Sarajevo byrefus<strong>in</strong>g to attend."They claimed they were afraid tocome here, which is hard tobelieve,"said Filipovic. "I don't believethat people who were capable <strong>of</strong> kill<strong>in</strong>g250,000 Muslims, or rap<strong>in</strong>g 7-year-olds,and who slaughtered 10,000 men onthe spot <strong>in</strong> Srebrenica, are afraid. Theywere also <strong>of</strong>fered extremely high securityby SFOR (the Nato-led StabilizationForce) a multi- (cont<strong>in</strong>ued on page 56)DIMPLES OF STEEL:IF SWANEE HUNT doesn't have widename recognition right now, chancesare high that's about to change.Whether it's sell<strong>in</strong>g her photographsto National Geographic (she's try<strong>in</strong>g),co-author<strong>in</strong>g a major feature <strong>in</strong> GoodHousekeep<strong>in</strong>g with her 14-year-olddaughter, Lillian, on Lillian's pa<strong>in</strong>ful battlewith manic depression (it just ran), orswann<strong>in</strong>g through Elle, Town & Country,Parade and Roll<strong>in</strong>g Stone (upcom<strong>in</strong>g),plus penn<strong>in</strong>g her regular columns andop-eds, or host<strong>in</strong>g her weekly radioshow, the Texas native is putt<strong>in</strong>g herself<strong>in</strong> the public limelight. A number <strong>of</strong>other national magaz<strong>in</strong>e pieces are <strong>in</strong> theworks. And her personal P.R. agent cont<strong>in</strong>uesto seek out over lunch <strong>in</strong>fluentialeditors who haven't yet been hooked.Hunt has yet to reta<strong>in</strong> Hill & Knowlton,the promo choice <strong>of</strong> presidents andprime m<strong>in</strong>isters, but could certa<strong>in</strong>ly affordto do so. She's also happy tobankroll the cost <strong>of</strong> fly<strong>in</strong>g journalists halfwayaround the world to document heractivities. And why not? She's theyoungest daughter <strong>of</strong> the billionaire oiliconoclast, H.L. Hunt.Dr. Swanee Hunt, the U.S. <strong>Am</strong>bassadorto Austria—one <strong>of</strong> 17 female ambassadors<strong>in</strong> Vienna—appears to havepolitical ambitions, although she deniesthem. She landed the Vienna post<strong>in</strong>gthree years ago as a thank you for <strong>in</strong>vest<strong>in</strong>gheavily—a reputed $225,000—<strong>in</strong>Cl<strong>in</strong>ton's first presidential campaign; abeneficiary <strong>of</strong> the qua<strong>in</strong>t U.S. tradition <strong>of</strong>reward<strong>in</strong>g deep pockets with positionsthat other countries reserve for their careerdiplomats.Her name was mentioned as a replacementfor Madele<strong>in</strong>e Albright at the UN,after Albright was short-listed to replaceSecretary <strong>of</strong> State Warren Christopher,but the ambassador was never a seriouscontender. She's also viewed as possiblereplacement for Pamela Harriman whenshe steps down as the U.S. ambassador<strong>in</strong> Paris. Like Pam, she possesses thecharm and ability to woo foreign politicosand dignitaries, but don't be fooled.Hunt's deep dimples are said to be dimples<strong>of</strong> steel, as those who cross herknow. But then Hunt, a 46-year-oldstrawberry blonde with alabaster sk<strong>in</strong>,was formerly an ecumenical m<strong>in</strong>ister, aswas her first husband, whereas Harrimanwas def<strong>in</strong>itely more s<strong>in</strong>ner than sa<strong>in</strong>t, atleast <strong>in</strong> her younger days. And whilethese two women share the same facilitywith languages, Hunt is the better educated<strong>of</strong> the two, hold<strong>in</strong>g two master'sdegrees—psychology and religion—anda doctorate <strong>in</strong> theology.A New York gossip column recentlyclaimed Swanee was spotted <strong>in</strong> Indiabusily measur<strong>in</strong>g curta<strong>in</strong> sizes at the U.S.embassy <strong>in</strong> New Delhi, as a precursor toher tak<strong>in</strong>g over there. An unlikely tale,which she herself denies. By her own admission,however, she is frequently approachedby Wash<strong>in</strong>gton <strong>in</strong>sider talenthunters.Despite this, Hunt says, "I haveNO political ambitions," as def<strong>in</strong>itively asGeorge Bush said, "Read my lips.""I would specifically not like to live <strong>in</strong>Wash<strong>in</strong>gton D.C. It's a mean and nastyplace. A career isn't important to me; Ido not have personal ambition. I've hadthe enormous luxury <strong>of</strong> never need<strong>in</strong>g ajob, so there's no ladder to climb." She<strong>in</strong>sists she doesn't "dream" <strong>of</strong> an ambassadorshipelsewhere, or a position <strong>in</strong> theSenate or Cab<strong>in</strong>et. "I've been askedabout all these th<strong>in</strong>gs by people with<strong>in</strong>the system, the last time as recently as aweek ago. But I'm not go<strong>in</strong>g. I'm veryfulfilled by the work I'm do<strong>in</strong>g." Thatmay be so, but Vienna, <strong>of</strong> course, is betterknown for its bier und burghers,waltz, schmaltz and schlag, than it is forits <strong>in</strong>fluence on the world stage.Hunt has close friends who are cab<strong>in</strong>etmembers, she says, "And boy, they gothrough hell. They go <strong>in</strong> with wonderfuldreams about all they will accomplish,IO N T H E ISSUES • S p r i n g 199 7
Tour<strong>in</strong>g Bosnia with Swanee Huntand then they spend most <strong>of</strong> their timescrambl<strong>in</strong>g to deflect bullets."Three days later, over breakfast <strong>in</strong> Bosnia,a volte-face is apparently on the menu.Hunt declares, <strong>in</strong> that s<strong>of</strong>t-voiced, cozydown-home style <strong>of</strong> hers, that while she isnot look<strong>in</strong>g forward to leav<strong>in</strong>g Vienna, she'svery happy there, but if pressed by PresidentCl<strong>in</strong>ton, she would take up anotherrole. She can't imag<strong>in</strong>e say<strong>in</strong>g no to thepresident, she says, like so many politiciansbefore her when they announce they arerunn<strong>in</strong>g after <strong>in</strong>sist<strong>in</strong>g they aren't. "If asked,I would do it. I'm here to do his work." AndBosnia and meet real people and hear theirstories, you discover this war was more amassive propaganda campaign by politicalidealogues who had very specific ambitionsfor their own careers than it is about ethnicstrifes that cannot be bridged."She does recognize how "irregular" it isfor her to be "roam<strong>in</strong>g" around Bosnia,climb<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> and out <strong>of</strong> military helicopters,gett<strong>in</strong>g mud on her boots, sans the ambassadorialarmor <strong>of</strong> power designer suits,make-up and jewelry. Certa<strong>in</strong>ly, it's notPamela Harriman's style."lt has Wash<strong>in</strong>gtonmidlevelers scratch<strong>in</strong>g their heads and say-Left, Hunt (center) with two <strong>of</strong> her staff at the Sarajevo women's NCO,Zena 21. Center, enterta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g a Sarajevan child at Zena 21.Right, with Haris Silajdjzic, former prime m<strong>in</strong>ister <strong>of</strong> Bosnia.then she laughs, embarrassed. That's alower-cased "H" on "his," she stresses.This is Hunt's sixth trip to Bosnia, wherethe risk <strong>of</strong> her dodg<strong>in</strong>g bullets is real, notfigurative, as it is <strong>in</strong> the White House. Thearmored vehicles and humvee security detail,courtesy <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Am</strong>erican branch <strong>of</strong>SFOR (the multi-national NATO-led StabilizationForce), are charged with protect<strong>in</strong>gher. "<strong>Am</strong>bassadors are really so much troublewhen they come <strong>in</strong>to a country likethis," she acknowledges. "If we get kidnaped,or <strong>in</strong>jured, it becomes an <strong>in</strong>ternational<strong>in</strong>cident." The U.S. General <strong>in</strong> charge<strong>of</strong> Eagle Base <strong>in</strong> Tuzla is pleased to see herarrive, she says, but happy to see her go,and Hunt understands why.As the ambassador to Austria, Bosnia isnot technically her beat, so why does shego? "I believe you can't understand the politicalsituation unless you do so at ahuman level," she says. "When you get to<strong>in</strong>g, 'Somebody put her back <strong>in</strong> her box!Please!'" She chuckles. "It's the people atthe upper levels who say, '"Come on. She'sdo<strong>in</strong>g the Lord's work.'"SUCH RELIGIOUS REFERENCES are COITImon<strong>in</strong> Swanee's conversationand speeches, <strong>in</strong> which shetends to use Biblical type parables,like the m<strong>in</strong>ister she oncewas, to make a po<strong>in</strong>t. She canalso be expected to burst <strong>in</strong>to song, frequentlyhymns or Sunday school ditties, atthe click <strong>of</strong> a photo-opportunity. When shewas grow<strong>in</strong>g up <strong>in</strong> Dallas, the churchplayed a major role <strong>in</strong> her life, <strong>in</strong> part becauselife at home was so difficult. "TheChristian fundamentalist church was theonly warm environment for me as a kid."she says. Now she sawily distances herselffrom it. "When I go home these days I pretendI'm visit<strong>in</strong>g a [foreign] culture," shesays, just as she separates herself from herfather's arch-conservatism and overly colorfulreputation.Swanee is one <strong>of</strong> 15 <strong>of</strong>fspr<strong>in</strong>g sired byHunt with the three simultaneous women<strong>in</strong> his life: one to whom he was married;the second, his secretary, whom he f<strong>in</strong>allymarried; and a third, who came forward atthe time <strong>of</strong> his death to say she'd beenmarried to him and claim part <strong>of</strong> his estatefor her children.At one stage <strong>in</strong> his life, H.L. Hunt was reputedlythe richest man on earth. Two <strong>of</strong>Swanee's half-brothers made a bid for thesame title some years laterwhen they attempted, and<strong>in</strong>gloriously failed, to cornerthe silver market. But for abrief while, they were worthan estimated $5 billion. H.L.Hunt, a man with a thirdgradeeducation, worked variouslyas a shepherd, a shortordercook, and alumberjack, before gambl<strong>in</strong>ghis way, via poker, <strong>in</strong>to own<strong>in</strong>goil fields. Swanee's share<strong>of</strong> the family fortune is nowworth, by her own reckon<strong>in</strong>g,"several hundred million dollars."It could be more, butshe has not been accru<strong>in</strong>gpr<strong>in</strong>cipal, preferr<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>stead to donate halfthe annual <strong>in</strong>come to a foundation she andher sister, Helen, run.H.L. Hunt was not an easy man to livewith. He was 60 when Swanee was born."Home life was pretty tough; there were alot <strong>of</strong> stra<strong>in</strong>s. I had an extraord<strong>in</strong>arilystrange upbr<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g," she says. "My fatherwas a very eccentric man, very <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> alot <strong>of</strong> right-w<strong>in</strong>g causes. And be<strong>in</strong>g a Hunt<strong>in</strong> Dallas was isolat<strong>in</strong>g, like be<strong>in</strong>g a Rockefelleron the East Coast or part <strong>of</strong> the royalfamily <strong>in</strong> London." She left home early tomove to Heidelberg, Germany, where shespent four years "try<strong>in</strong>g to get as far awayfrom my home environment as possible,"she says, and where she learned to speakthe German she now uses <strong>in</strong> Vienna."I grew up <strong>in</strong> an extremely patriarchalfamily," she says, "and a particularly grat<strong>in</strong>gmemory for me came after my half-brothershad a run <strong>in</strong> with the silver market. A lead<strong>in</strong>gbus<strong>in</strong>ess magaz<strong>in</strong>e stated that my father'left beh<strong>in</strong>d a progeny that cares aboutnoth<strong>in</strong>g more than (cont<strong>in</strong>ued on page 59)S p r i n g 1997 • O N T H E ISSUES 33