njit-etd1961-002 - New Jersey Institute of Technology

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3is calculated by summing atomic and structuralconstants that represent the component parts ofthe molecule. The equation used for predicatingT c was as follows9 :-T c = Tb Equation (1)8where 9 = 0.567 -.Ltd - (εΔT ) 2T(B) The critical pressure was evaluated by means ofLydersen's correlation which relates criticalpressure to the molecular weight and 6, an additiveconstant which is determined from the molecularstructure. The following equation was used 9 :Pc = Equation (2)(C) Lydersen's equation for critical volume, V c ,based on an earlier attempt by Schuster, was used toevaluate V. It is given in the form 8 :Vc = 40 +εΔv Equation (3)A Vwas calculated by summation of the incrementalconstant due to -CHO contribution.(D) The critical compressibility factor was obtainedfrom the other calculated critical constants in (A),(B), and (C) through the ratio 1Zc = PcV c Equation (4)RTc(E) The partial pressure of liquid formaldehydefrom -¹09.4 ° C. to -22.3 ° C. has been measured bySpence and Wild¹4, but no vapor pressure datawere available above its normal boiling point.Therefore, the vapor pressure of gaseous formaldehydefrom -¹0°C. to the critical point was evaluated usingRiedel's correlation 1¹, ¹2 :
4log Ti φ(Tr) (αc 7) )(Tr) Equation (5)ErThe value of was determined using the knownnormal boiling point of formaldehyde at ¹ atmosphere.(F) Specific volumes of the saturated liquid weredetermined from -¹0 ° C. to ¹4¹ ° C. by the method ofWatson ² . The data required for the calculationsare the critical temperature and critical compressibilityfactor and a single known accurate densitymeasurement as a reference state. The liquid densityat -²0°C. was available 7 , and was employed inconjunction with the reduced density table by thefollowing equation ² :DiD2(D, ) Equation (6)Specific volumes were then obtained by the reciprocalsof the calculated liquid densities.(G) Specific volumes of the saturated and superheatedvapor were calculated using the generalizedcompressibility factors 4 which were derived fromthe correlation of Lydersen, Greenkorn and Hougen.Calculation was done using:PV ZRT Equation (7)(H) The saturated formaldehyde liquid at -¹9°C.was taken as the reference point for the zero valueof enthalpy and entropy.(I) The latent heat of vaporization at the normalboiling point listed by Walker ¹6 as 5.57Kcal/g-mole at -¹9 ° C. was used to calculate thevalue of the latent heat of vaporization from-¹0 ° C. to the critical temperature. The equationderived by Watson ¹7 was used;
Page 4 and 5: APPROVAL OF THESISFORDEPARTMENT OF
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTSNomenclatureivSumm
Page 8 and 9: NOMENCLATURE (Coned.)ΔS*= differen
Page 10 and 11: INTRODUCTIONFormaldehyde is produce
Page 14 and 15: Al [ (¹ - Tr1)- 1.-2 = T1 - TTr2)0
Page 16 and 17: (V) The values of the saturated liq
Page 18 and 19: Prior to the present correlation of
Page 20 and 21: 11The generalized compressibility f
Page 22 and 23: SECTION IDATA FROM LITERATURE
Page 24 and 25: SECTION IISAMPLE CALCULATIONS
Page 26 and 27: αc14(0) Critical compressibility f
Page 28 and 29: 16Saturated vapor volumes were calc
Page 30 and 31: ¹8Correcting the entropy of the id
Page 32 and 33: 20Correcting the deviation of the e
Page 34 and 35: 21TABLE 2THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES O
Page 36 and 37: 2³THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SUPE
Page 38 and 39: 1. .A25THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF
Page 40 and 41: 27THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Or SUPER
Page 42 and 43: 29THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 01, nPER
Page 44 and 45: 31THERMODYIAAMIC PROP ERT1EF or Sli
Page 46 and 47: 33THER1,101riNAM IC PROPERTIES OF :
Page 48 and 49: 35THE ,,,Lv,TIC PROPETI i EL' .L- S
Page 50 and 51: 37THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SUP'R
Page 52 and 53: 39THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SUPER
Page 54 and 55: 41THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SUPER
Page 56 and 57: 43THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 02 SUzER
Page 58: 45THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SUPER
Page 63:
REFERENCES(16) Walker, J. Frederic,
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