Open Planning of Sanitation Systems

Open Planning of Sanitation SystemsEven though the proposed procedure will take more time and cost more, it is likely to savetime in the implementation phase, and to reduce overall project cost by allowing stakeholdersto select a system that is sustainable both economically, socially and environmentally.The Open Planning of Sanitation Systems method is a tentative planning tool, which needsto be tested in real planning situations. Moreover, it would be useful to harmonize the steps inOpen Planning of Sanitation Systems with the HCES STEPs (Schertenleib et al., 2004).ReferencesDrangert, J-O. 2004. Norms and Attitudes Towards Ecosan and Other Sanitation Systems, EcoSanRes Report no.5 (manuscript)Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. 1991. Wastewater Engineering – Treatment, Disposal, Reuse. McGraw-Hill InternationalEditions, 3 rd ed.Ridderstolpe, P. 1999. Wastewater treatment in a small village – options for upgrading. SwedEnviro report No1999:1.Ridderstolpe, P. 2000. Comparing Consequence Analysis – a Practical Method to Find the Right Solution forWastewater Treatment. http://www.iees.ch/EcoEng001/EcoEng001_R4.htmlSchertenleib, R., Morel, A., Kalbermatten, J., Saywell. D. 2004. Guidelines for the implementation of the Bellagio-Principles and the household centred environmental sanitation approach (HCES). Ecosan – closing the loop.Proceedings of the 2 nd international symposium on ecological sanitation, April 7–11, 2003, held in Lübeck,Germany.Tischner, U., Scmidt-Bleek, F. 1993. Designing Goods with MIPS. Fresenius Envir. Bull., 2, pp.479-484.SMI, 2004. Guidelines on the Safe Use of Urine and Faeces in Ecological Sanitation Systems. EcoSanRes Reportno. 1 (manuscript).UN. 2003. Water for People Water for Life. The United Nations World Water Development Report.13