Fort MacKay - Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo

Slave RiverPeace RiverLake AthabascaWinter RoadFort MacKayClearwater RiverAthabasca RiverFort MacKayWhere We Are Today

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008AcknowledgmentsRegional CouncilAssessment and Taxation, RMWBCommunity Liaisons, RMWBCurrent Planning, RMWBFamily and Community Support Services, RMWBGIS, RMWBLand Services, RMWBFort McKay First NationFort McMurray Historical SocietyFort McMurray Public LibraryKeyano CollegeNorthland District School boardRoyal Canadian Mounted PoliceThe HUB Family Resource CentreWood Buffalo Housing Development CorporationProject TeamLong Range Planning and Policy, RMWBMartin FrigoStuart HastingsErin O’NeillAmanda OwensDillon Consulting LimitedTara SteellSari LiemAlex TaylorByron Lloyd

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008Table of ContentsPage1. Introduction............................................................................................................................ 12. Population and Demographic Trends...................................................................................... 13. Economy, Employment and Tourism ..................................................................................... 14. Housing .................................................................................................................................. 25. Land Use Pattern, Design and Sustainable Energy .................................................................. 36. Municipal Infrastructure.......................................................................................................... 47. Regional Transportation.......................................................................................................... 58. Government and Partnerships................................................................................................. 59. Health and Safety .................................................................................................................... 510. Education ............................................................................................................................... 611. Communication and Technology ............................................................................................ 612. Natural Areas .......................................................................................................................... 613. Recreation, Parks and Culture ................................................................................................. 614. Finance ................................................................................................................................... 715. Issues and Opportunities......................................................................................................... 7References...................................................................................................................................... 17FiguresFigure 1: Housing by Dwelling Type ..............................................................................................................1Figure 2: Home Ownership..............................................................................................................................3Appendix: Tables and MapsTablesTable 1: Historical Population for Fort MacKay from 1999-2006...........................................................11Table 2: Forecasted Population Growth in Fort MacKay.........................................................................11Table 3: Tourism Facilities and Events in Fort MacKay ...........................................................................11Table 4: Water and Wastewater Infrastructure in Fort MacKay...............................................................12Table 5: Services and Service Providers in Fort MacKay ..........................................................................12

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008MapsMap 1: Natural and Man-made Constraints................................................................................................14Map 2: Land Uses ...........................................................................................................................................15Map 3: Community Context .........................................................................................................................16

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 20081. IntroductionThis report provides an inventory andassessment of current community assetswithin Fort MacKay. The community assetsinventory and assessment has been organizedby theme areas. The thirteen theme areasinclude:1. Population and Demographic Trends2. Economy, Employment and Tourism3. Housing4. Land Use Pattern, Design and SustainableEnergy5. Municipal Infrastructure6. Regional Transportation7. Government and Partnerships8. Health and Safety9. Education10. Communication and Technology11. Natural Areas12. Recreation, Parks and Culture13. FinanceIn addition, key issues and opportunities havebeen identified for the theme areas.2. Population and DemographicTrendsFort MacKay is experiencing modestgrowth ratesBetween 1999 and 2006, the population ofFort MacKay fluctuated considerably (seeTable 1 in the Appendix, p. 11). As of 2006,the population of Fort MacKay was 536,which is a 104.5% increase since 1999 i . In thesame time period, population growth in theRegional Municipality of Wood Buffalo(RMWB), inclusive of shadow population, hasincreased from 42,847 to 76,735. Growth inthe oil sands industry, including Fort MacKay,has created a strong demand for jobs, andresulted in an increase in migration. Thistrend will continue through the operation andmaintenance of existing projects and as newresidences are developed within the Hamlet.Fort MacKay will continue to experiencemodest growthBased on a growth rate of 3%, by the year2030, the Regional Municipality of WoodBuffalo has forecasted growth up to 1,090residents in the next 25 year period (Table 2in the Appendix, p. 11).3. Economy, Employment andTourismFort MacKay has popular regional eventsThere is one tourist facility in Fort MacKay:the Dorothy McDonald Business Center.This centre houses the Father BeginCommunity Hall, Health Centre, Group ofCompanies, Chief of Council, Fitness Centre,Métis Office and the e-learning centre. Majorevents within Fort MacKay include the FortMcKay Treaty Days, the Fireman’s ChristmasParty and the Fort MacKay Winter FamilyFestival. Events during the 2007 Treaty Daysincluded a fiddling contest, Fort MacKay Idol,Texas Hold-em, hand games, children’s artcontests, and a slo-pitch tournament. InPage 1

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008addition, local events are held throughout theyear including the Fireman’s Christmas Partyand the Fort MacKay Winter Family Festival(Table 3 in the Appendix, p. 11).An assessment of Fort MacKay’s economyand employment was undertaken but couldnot be included as a result of data errors fromStatistics Canada.4. HousingHousing Type, Size and OwnershipThe majority of the population lives in singlefamily houses, which accounts for 87% of thehousing mix, while mobile homes account for13% (Figure 1, below). The average size of ahousehold in Fort MacKay is 3.9 personsresiding in a single family home and 3.2persons in a mobile home ii . Comparatively,the average persons per household in Albertaare 2.6, and 2.5 in Canada iii .In Fort MacKay, 83% of housing units areowned and 17% are rented, which iscomparable to the Regional Municipality ofWood Buffalo’s averages iv . Homeownershipin Fort MacKay has fluctuated, as illustratedin Figure 2, below.Figure 1: Housing by Dwelling Type, 200613%87%Single FamilyMobileHomelessness in Fort MacKayThere is no information that identifies thenumber of homeless people in Fort MacKay.Homelessness is a particular concern to theMétis community v . Fort MacKay does nothave a homeless shelter or a women’s shelter.Current reality of housing in Fort MacKayThere is significant pressure to keep up withthe demand for housing to accommodate thegrowing population in Fort MacKay, whichwill include permanent, long-term employees,temporary workers, and the local population.While the housing preferences in FortMacKay tend to reflect traditional housingchoices compared to more urbanized areas,there will be an increasing demand for multifamilydwellings such as semi-detached units,row housing, apartments and condominiums.In the Regional Municipality of WoodBuffalo, almost 2,000 multi-family dwellingshave been built vi . However, multi-familydwellings have not been developed in FortMacKay.Based upon the Municipality’s forecastedpopulation of 1,090, Fort MacKay will requireapproximately 149 additional homes, or 6 perannum, by 2030. This projection embodiesseveral assumptions. (1) The population willgrow at a constant rate of 3%; (2) FortMacKay’s average household size for a singlefamily unit will remain constant, at 3.9persons per household; (3) and a 0% vacancyrate. Although the projected housing mixmay reflect current trends, there will be a needfor more affordable and diversified housing inthe form of multi-family units.Existing vs. Additional HousingIn 2004, homeownership peaked and 95% ofresidents owned their home. However, thispercentage decreased in 2005 to 85% anddecreased further in 2006 to 83% (Figure 2,p. 3).HousingUnitsExisting Additional60 149Page 2

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008100Figure 2: Homeownership in Fort McKay806040200OwnRentOwnRentOwnRentOwnRentOwnRentPercentage (%)OwnRent1999 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006YearFort MacKayRegional Average5. Land Use Pattern, Design andSustainable EnergyFort MacKay has experienced steadydevelopmentLand use and development in Fort MacKay isguided by the Land Use Bylaw (LUB) 99/059,as well as the Municipal Development Plan(MDP) 00/062. The MDP sets out a clear,collective vision for the Region and providesfor orderly growth in Fort MacKay over thenext several years. The community has grownsubstantially since 1950.By 1967, with the completion of the FortMacKay Access, the town had developedsignificantly between the road and theAthabasca.Fort MacKay 1967In the decades to follow, Fort MacKay wouldexpand across the other side of the accessroad and continue to intensify development inalready built up areas. Major infrastructureprojects were completed between 1986 and1994.Fort MacKay 1950Page 3

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008ac) for future residential development to thenorthwest of Fort MacKay’s central area.Fort MacKay 1994Since 2000, development in Fort MacKay hascontinued to be steady as a result ofpopulation growth.Existing Land UseThe Land Use Bylaw designates all of FortMacKay as Hamlet General. There are 63 lotsin Fort MacKay spanning across 516.59 ha(1276.52 ac) of land 1 . Unlike many of theother rural communities in Wood Buffalo, theMunicipality does not own a large portion ofland in Fort MacKay. However, lands maypredominantly be owned by the Governmentof Alberta.In addition, Fort MacKay First Nation iscurrently in the process of completing acommunity plan for forecasted reserve landsin anticipation of the expected growth and thesettlement of a land claim with the FederalGovernment. To ensure compatibledevelopment and servicing of land adjacent tothe First Nation’s forecasted Reserve land, theMunicipality will continue to work andcooperate with the Fort McKay First Nation.Future Development AreasThere are no urban expansion areas in FortMacKay. However, the MunicipalDevelopment Plan has identified 41 ha (101.31 Information was determined by plotting the centre ofeach parcel to determine its zoning.Lot sizes in Fort MacKay have generally farexceeded the minimum lot size requirementspermitted by the Land Use Bylaw (LUB). Theaverage lot size is approximately 8.2 ha (20.2ac). The LUB allows a minimum lot size of0.056 ha (0.138 ac) when municipal water andsewer are available, and 0.186 ha (0.459 ac) onunserviced lots. If residential developmentcontinues to occur on traditional large lots,the future development area can onlyaccommodate 5 homes, which would notmeet the forecasted population growth. Ifdevelopment occurs based on the minimumlot size requirements, land supply canaccommodate a range between 220 unservicedresidential lots and 732 fully servicedresidential lots.Given the forecasted need for 149 homes,development of this magnitude or densitywould not be needed. In order to develop theamount of homes to meet the forecastedpopulation, a residential lot size can be 0.27ha (0.68 ac); however, compact, sustainabledevelopment is encouraged should FortMacKay increase its growth rate or capturepopulation growth from other ruralcommunities.6. Municipal InfrastructureFort MacKay is currently serviced by a watertreatment plant and a sewage lagoon. TheMunicipal Development Plan indicates thatthe Municipality will work with Indian Affairsand the Fort McKay First Nation to securethe provision of a new water treatment plantfor the community. The water treatmentplant and the sewage lagoon support acapacity of 600 individuals (see Table 4 in theAppendix, p. 12). As the populationcontinues to grow, an expansion of themunicipal infrastructure will need to beexamined.Page 4

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 20087. Regional TransportationFort MacKay is accessible by Highway 63North, which runs north-south through FortMcMurray to northern communities in themunicipality. There is no public transit inFort MacKay and access is provided by localroads. There is a total of 13.61 km of roads inFort MacKay, which includes 8.12 km of localroads and 5.49 km of access roads. Currently,there is no handi-transit service in FortMacKay. Taxicab services are the only meansof transportation other than personal vehicles.8. Government and PartnershipsFort MacKay is located in Ward 2 within theRegional Municipality of Wood Buffalo.Ward 2 includes Fort Chipewyan, FortMacKay, and Fort Fitzgerald. Currently, theCouncillor for this ward is Sonny Flett andDavid Allen Blair, elected to Council inOctober 2007.Services in Fort MacKayServices in Fort MacKay are provided by anumber of agencies (see Table 5 in theAppendix, p. 12). Social services are providedby the Family and Community SupportServices (FCSS), and the Wellness Centre.There are no government partnerships in FortMacKay providing services to the community.9. Health and SafetyHealth care in Fort MacKay is provided at theFort MacKay Health Centre. The FortMacKay Health Center provides services andresources for the residents in Fort MacKay.Areas of focus include staff development,education, community health, awareness,prevention and wellness vii . A doctor isavailable every Monday on a first come, firstserve basis. From Monday to Friday aHomecare and Community Health nurse isavailable. A Traditional Councillor and aMental Health Therapist is also available on apart-time basis. Medical transportation isavailable all week, provided 24 hour notice isgiven. The local volunteer fire departmentprovides basic fire protection; ambulanceservice is supplied by the Fort McMurray FireDepartment; and policing is handled by theRCMP detachment in Fort McMurray. As thepopulation continues to grow, protective andemergency services will have to be augmentedaccordingly.Social services in Fort MacKay are providedby FCSS, the Wellness Centre, and the FortMacKay Parks and Recreational Society.FCSS staff are located in the community on amonthly basis. They provide programsupport and development to the rural areas.A Roots of Empathy program is located at theFort MacKay School. The Wellness Centreoperates a Children’s After School Program, aSupper Program, Drop-In Supervised YouthNights, a Youth Leadership Program, CulturalPrograms, Summer Day Camp programs,YMCA Pre-Teen and Teen Nights, and atutoring program.The Municipality should continue to monitorpopulation growth within the community andthe demand on the existing services in orderto determine the need for additional services.Fort MacKay residents need and expectsafety, efficiency, and continuously improvedmedical services. As more people residewithin the study area, health care, police andfire protection services will need to serve thearea at a higher level. Depending on theincreased demand for these services, there willbe a need to hire more health careprofessionals, police officers and fire fightersto serve the growing population.Page 5

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 200810. EducationElementary and Secondary SchoolsServing Fort MacKayFort MacKay belongs to the NorthlandSchool Division No. 61. viii Currently thecommunity has one school – Fort MacKaySchool, offering kindergarten to Grade 9.The school had an enrolment of 51 studentsin 2006-2007.Community CollegesKeyano College operates a learning centre inFort MacKay. The centre provides academicfoundation programs to upgrade basic skills inreading, writing, math and computers up to agrade nine level. It also provides collegepreparation courses to qualifying studentswho want to enter into career and universityprograms ix . Eleven students are currentlyenrolled in the Fort MacKay Learning Centre.The percentage of students in Fort MacKaywho complete high school is very lowcompared to the Alberta average (70% x ). Thefollowing table identifies the number offormer students from Fort MacKay Schoolwho continued to complete High Schoolbetween the years 1997 and 2002. Noadditional information was available on thenumber of high school graduates between2003 and 2007.Number of High School Graduates from FortMacKay School xiYear Number of HighSchool Graduates1997 21998 31999 12000 42001 42002 0LibrariesThe Municipality provides some libraryservices to the community, including:assistance in purchasing early literacy to teenreading materials and providing them to thelocal school, daycares, and communityprograms. These materials are provided tothe community at no cost. With assistancefrom the Municipality and Fort MacKaySchool, book delivery service is provided atno cost. Additionally, story-time and earlyliteracy visits occur in the community on a bimonthlybasis.11. Communication and TechnologyAs the population of Fort MacKay grows,there will be a need for expandedtelecommunications technologies and relatedinfrastructure. Careful planning is required toensure adequate services are available for allresidents.12. Natural AreasCurrently, there is no information regardingnatural features, historical archaeological andpaleontological resources, disturbances, orenvironmental management systems in FortMacKay.13. Recreation, Parks and CultureRecreation, Parks and CultureFort MacKay is a beautiful community withnumerous recreation facilities, includingplaygrounds and parks, two baseballdiamonds, and an outdoor hockey rink. Inaddition, the Fort MacKay Parks andRecreational Society initiates and managesrecreational programs, playgrounds and otherrecreational facilities in Fort MacKay.Activities offered by the Parks andRecreational Society include the Fort MacKayFitness Centre, sports teams and athletes,physical education program, special events,and the North Wind Dancers.Page 6

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 200814. FinanceThe main sources of revenue for theMunicipality from Fort MacKay includeproperty taxes, including residential,commercial, farm land and machinery andequipment. The Province does not collecttaxes on the oil sands projects until they are inproduction, which may not occur until at least2009. In 2007, 58% of the community’srevenues were obtained from grants and loanswhile 42% were obtained from property taxes.Revenues from property taxes include$14,849.76 from commercial and residentialproperty taxes, which decreased from$18,130.81 from the previous year xii .According to the 2007 Municipal CapitalBudget, there are no expenditures fromoperations and maintenance projectsscheduled in Fort MacKay.15. Issues and OpportunitiesKey Opportunities• There is sufficient land supply in FortMacKay to meet population growth uponadopting smaller lot sizes. If residentialdevelopment continues to occur ontraditional large lots, the futuredevelopment area can only accommodate5 homes, which would not meet theforecasted population growth. In order todevelop the amount of homes to meet theforecasted population, future residentiallot sizes should not exceed 0.27 ha (0.68ac).• Treaty Days is a successful regional eventfor the First Nations, providing anopportunity to expand the tourism base inFort MacKay. Product areas for touristscan include aboriginal cultural heritage,ecotourism packages, fishing and hunting,summer and winter adventures. Thehospitality sector would need to bestrengthened to meet the demand formid-range accommodations andrestaurants. In addition, opportunities willexist for businesses to operate tours,programs and activities for tourists.• According to Section 291 of theMunicipal Government Act, legislationprevents municipalities from assessing andtaxing new plant construction until thefacility is complete or in operation. TheOil Sands Ministerial Strategy shouldreview these provisions in the context ofadditional revenues required bycommunities such as Fort MacKay.Key Issues• With an increase in population, theexisting water and wastewaterinfrastructure will need to be upgraded tomeet the community’s needs.• Recruitment and retention is difficultgiven Fort MacKay’s size and location.The schools boards and the healthauthority are fully reliant on theGovernment of Alberta to fund theircapital infrastructure. Current fundingformulas do not adequately serve theseagencies based on a low per capitaeligibility, and are not advantageous to theyounger population of the region. There isalso a chronic lack of recognition of theextra demand that the shadow populationplaces on public services (especiallyhealth).• Access to educational services andemployment preparation skills is essentialfor the younger generation in FortMacKay. Few students from Fort MacKaycomplete grade 12, and educationalattainment and readiness for employmentamong high school graduates is low.There will be a need to developcommunity support services that cater toyouths. Human capital investment,whether formal or on the job training,enhances worker productivity and thusleads to higher wages. As the populationgrows, there will be a need to develop jobtraining and employment assistanceresources in Fort MacKay. If theseservices are created, the individualsaccessing them will benefit byaccumulating more human capital andPage 7

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008becoming more competitive in the labormarket.• Property tax revenue has been decreasingover the past years. Further investigationis required to determine why this revenuehas decreased.• The municipal sector’s infrastructurecapital requirements for the upcomingyears exceed the Municipality’s ability toresponsibly take on further debt. Theproblem is one of the inadequate fundingformulas that exist, as well as cash flowamounts and timing. The Municipalitycannot address the added infrastructureneeds as they occur.• Home ownership has seen largefluctuations over the past few years. TheMunicipality needs to investigate whythere have been such large fluctuations.Page 8

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008AppendixPage 9

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008TABLESPage 10

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008Table 1: Historical Population for Fort MacKay from 1999-2006Year Population PercentageChange2006 536 416%2005 104 -52%2004 218 16%2002 186 -53%2000 399 52%1999 262Table 2: Forecasted Population Growth in Fort MacKayYearPopulation2008 5692010 6032012 6402014 6792016 7202018 7642020 8112022 8602024 9132026 9682028 1,0272030 1,090Table 3: Tourism Facilities and Events in Fort MacKay xiiiFacility Activities Target marketDorothy McDonald • Father Begin LocalBusiness Center Community HallEvents Activities Target MarketFort McKay Treaty • Fiddling Contest RegionalDays• Hand Games• Children’s Activities• Slo-pitch tournamentFireman’s Christmas • VariousLocalPartyFort MacKay • VariousLocalWinter FamilyFestivalPage 11

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008Table 4: Water and Wastewater Infrastructure in Fort MacKayInfrastructure Facility CapacityWastewater Lagoon 600Potable waterWater treatmentplant600Table 5: Services and Service Providers in Fort MacKayServiceProviderEducation (K to Grade 9) Northland School Division No. 61Post Secondary Education Keyano CollegePoliceRCMP detachment Fort McMurrayFireVolunteer Fire DepartmentHealth CareFort MacKay Health CentreSocial servicesFamily & Community SupportServicesPage 12

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008MAPSPage 13

Mackay RiverEnvision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250k May 2008Fort MacKayFort MacKay - Natural and Manmade ConstraintsA T H A B A S C AR I V E RMAP 1MAY, 2008Metres0 125 250 375 500LEGENDHamlet BoundaryWaterRivers/StreamsPage 14

Mackay RiverEnvision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250k May 2008Fort MacKayFort MacKay - Land UseA T H A B A S C AR I V E RMAP 2MAY, 2008Metres0 125 250 375 500LEGENDHamlet Boundary Land UseWaterHamlet General DistrictRivers/StreamsPage 15

Mackay RiverEnvision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250k May 2008Fort MacKayFort MacKay - Community Context A T H A B A S C AR I V E RFORT MACKAY ACCESSMAP 3MAY, 2008Metres0 125 250 375 500Hamlet BoundaryWaterRivers/StreamsRoad NetworkLocalLEGENDFacilities Dorothy McDonald BusinessCentre Fire Department Health Unit Sewage LagoonSewage Lagoon BufferLandfillMetis Local 122 OfficeParkSchoolWater Treatment PlantPage 16

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008ReferencesFamily Community Support Services (F.C.S.S.). (n.d). F.C.S.S. Programs (internal document).Fort MacKay First Nation. (November 2007). About Fort MacKay. Available online at:http://www.fortmckay.com/Front-Page.html. Accessed on November, 2007.Fort MacKay First Nation. (November 2007). Fort MacKay First Nation Treaty Days. Availableonline at: http://www.fortmckay.com/Treaty%20Days.html. Accessed on November, 2007.Fort MacKay First Nation. (November 2007). Health Centre. Available online at:http://www.fortmckay.com/health%20centre.html. Accessed on November, 2007.Fort MacKay First Nation. (November 2007). The Fort MacKay Parks and Recreation Society.Available online at: http://www.fortmckay.com/Parks%20and%20Rec.html. Accessed onNovember, 2007.Fort MacKay First Nation. (November 2007). Wellness Centre. Available online at:http://www.fortmckay.com/Wellness%20Centre.html. Accessed on November, 2007.Government of Alberta. (August 31, 2006a). Department of Education news release – $303.3million allocated for Phase II school infrastructure. Available online at:http://www.education.gov.ab.ca. Accessed on April 30, 2007.Government of Alberta. (December 2006b). Investing in our Future – Responding to the RapidGrowth of Oilsands Development. Available online at:http://www.gov.ab.ca/home/395.cfm. Accessed on June 28, 2007.Government of Alberta – Municipal Affairs Department. (2007). 2007 Municipal Profiles.Available online at: http://www.municipalaffairs.gov.ab.ca/cfml/profiles/index.cfm.Accessed on July 5, 2007.HUB Family Resource Centre. (2007). About US. Available online at: http://www.thehubfrc.ca/.Accessed on June 28, 2007.MLS. (November, 2007). Listing Search Results – Fort MacKay. Available online:http://www.mls.ca/PropertySearch.aspx?AreaID=5139&MapURL=%3fAreaID%3d6417.Accessed on November, 2007.Northland School Division. (2007). Northland School Division. Available online:http://www.northland61.ab.ca/ Accessed on May 15, 2007.Northern Lights Health Region. (2007). Clinics in Your Community. Available online:http://www.nlhr.ca/Hospitals_Facilities/default.aspx.f. Accessed on May 25, 2007.Partners in Protection. (May, 1999). FireSmart: Protecting Your Community from Wildfire.Edmonton, AB. pp. 1-2 – 7-15.Page 17

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008RMWB. (n.d.a). Community Placemaking Initiative. Available online:http://www.woodbuffalo.ab.ca/residents/parks+recreation/community_initiative.asp?subnav=5. Accessed on April 10, 2007.RMWB. (1998). The Woodland/Urban Interface Plan for Fort McMurray.RMWB. (1999). Land Use Bylaw #99/059. Available online:http://www.woodbuffalo.ab.ca/residents/bylaw_services/landuse_bylaw.asp?subnav=1.Accessed on April 12, 2007.RMWB. (2000). Municipal Development Plan #00/005. Available online:http://www.woodbuffalo.ab.ca/business/land_development/municipal_dev_plan.asp?subnav=8. Accessed on April 12, 2007.RMWB. (July, 2003). Engineering Service Standards and Development Procedures. Availableonline: http://www.woodbuffalo.ab.ca/residents/services+utilities/standards.asp?subnav=6.Accessed on April 16, 2007.RMWB. (September, 2004). Parks and Outdoor Recreation Master Plan. Available online:http://www.woodbuffalo.ab.ca/residents/parks+recreation/pdf/Parks%20Rec%20Master%20Plan.pdf. Accessed on April 10, 2007.RMWB. (2006a). Municipal Census – 2006.RMWB (2006b) Working Together for Better Service Delivery: Rural Service Delivery andAboriginal Relations Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo, Fort McMurray, AB. pp 7-11.RMWB. (2007a). Capital Budget 2007.RMWB. (2007b). Capital Budget 2007 – May 2007 update (internal document).RMWB. (May 28, 2007c). Conversation with RMWB Library Staff. Personal Communication onMay 28, 2007.RMWB. (June, 28, 2007d). GIS Division, Planning & Development Department – data inquiry.RMWB. (July 10, 2007g). Operations and Maintenance Department. Personal Communicationon July 10, 2007.i Population does not include workers in work camps or the population in First Nations Reservesii RMWB Census 2006iii Statistics Canada www.statcan.caiv RMWB Census 2006v www.metismatters.comvi RMWB Census 2006vii Health Center http://www.fortmckay.com/health%20centre.htmlviii Northland School Division, 2007.ix http://www.keyano.ca/Campuses/x http://education.alberta.ca/media/356303/albertahscrates.pdfPage 18

Envision Wood Buffalo: Towards 250kFort MacKay May 2008xi High School Graduates from 1997 to 2002 from Report of the Athabasca Tribal Council Schools Review 2003xii Source: Anzac Summary 2004-2007xiii Pindog, Seguin, 2007Page 19