Ground Water Issue - Plant Tissue Culture Research at the Univ. of ...

Table 3. continuedCONTAMINANT MEDIUM PROCESS CONCENTRATION 1 PLANT 2 REFERENCERESULTS/NOTESCarbofuran Soil RhizodegradationPhytodegradation3 kg/ha active ingredient in fieldexperimentCorn (Zea mays L.) Buyanovsky et al., 1995In first 30 days of greenhouse experiment, mineralization was greater in soil close to the roots than in soil without roots or farfrom roots. Uptake of carbofuran and/or degradation products occurred. In field experiment, concentrations in top 10 cm ofplanted soil were half the concentrations in unplanted soil.EDB Ground water Phytodegradation 25 ppm Koa haole Newman et al., 1998Uptake of EDB was investigated.2,4-D Soil Rhizodegradation Uncontaminated soil was used. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Sandmann and Loos, 1984OtherMPN counts of 2,4-D degraders were significantly greater for sugarcane rhizosphere soil than for non-rhizosphere soil.35PCP Soil Rhizodegradation 100 mg/kg Hycrest crested wheatgrass (Agropyrondesertorum (Fisher ex Link) Schultes)Ferro et al., 1994After 155 days, 22% of PCP was mineralized in planted system, but only 6% in unplanted.PCBs Soil Rhizodegradation Not specified Osage orange and mulberry Fletcher et al., 1995Phenolics in leachates from osage orange and mulberry supported growth of PCB-degrading bacteria.MTBE Ground water PhytodegradationPhytovolatilizationNot specifiedPoplar tree cell cultures, hybrid poplars,eucalyptusNewman et al., 1998, 1999Eucalyptus transpired 16.5% of applied radio-labeled MTBE and hybrid poplar transpired 5.1% in laboratory chambers.Detectable transpiration of MTBE was not measured from mature eucalyptus in the field. Metabolism of MTBE by the treesis one hypothesis.Surfactants(LAE, LAS)Surface water Rhizodegradation 1 mg/L Cattail (Typha latifolia), duckweed(Lemna minor)Federle and Schwab, 1989Mineralization of LAS and LAE was faster and more extensive in water with cattails than in root-free sediment. LAE wasmineralized by duckweed but LAS was not.