(ScAg 1501) Final Exam—May 8, 2002 Multiple Choice. Cho

Name______________________
Biotechnology, Society and the Environment (ScAg 1501)
Final Exam—May 8, 2002
Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each of the following questions.
(2 pts/question; 52 pts total).
1. A fluorescent protein that can serve as a biomarker.
a. GFP
b. STR
c. PGC
d. EST
2. Why do avian blood cells contain so much DNA?
a. They are bigger than other cells
b. Their WBCs are nucleated
c. Their RBCs are nucleated
d. Their RBCs don’t have a nucleus
3. Human geneticists are interested in individuals of the Morman faith because:
a. They like salt water
b. They have a lot children with inborn genetic errors
c. They have higher mutation frequencies in their DNA
d. They have very accurate genealogical records to trace potential reference
families.
4. The enzyme that’s adds telomeric repeats onto the ends of chromosomes:
a. Ligase
b. Rejuvinase
c. Telomerase
d. RNase
5. The fragments of DNA that can serve as probes on a DNA chip are from
a. Expressed sequence tags
b. Junk DNA
c. Repetitive DNA
d. Satellite DNA
e. Both c and d
6. Inner mass cells cultured in vitro are considered to be:
a. Trophoblastic
b. Embryonic stem cells
c. PGCs
d. EG cells

7. The ploidy of a 4N organism is:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
8. Adam Nash was conceived using these methods, in part, to provide his sister Molly
with cord blood stem cells to cure fanconi anemia
a. In vitro fertilization
b. Pre-implantation diagnosis
c. Neither a or b
d. Both a and b
9. An negative argument against producing cloned animals by nuclear transfer
a. Animals often have difficult births and die with increasing frequency
b. Animals are usually meaner
c. Animals have increased resistance to diseases
d. Animals have more legs
10. Retroviruses can be used to treat brain tumors because:
a. They only replicate in rapidly dividing tumor cells, not brain cells
b. They replicate only in non-dividing cells
c. They can carry more than 50 kb of foreign DNA
d. They make GFP
11. The endodermal layer of cells derived from inner mass cells can give rise to:
a. Skin
b. Liver
c. Eyes
d. Bone
12. Where DNA is synthesized in the cell cycle:
a. G1
b. G2
c. S
d. M
e. G 0
13. A method to localize a cloned gene to a specific region on a given chromosome:
a. X inactivation
b. Northern blot
c. Fluorescent in situ hybridization
d. Karyotype

14. Expressed sequence tags can be derived from this type of “library”:
a. cDNA
b. Genomic
c. Public
d. Both b and c
15. All of the following demonstrate the pluripotency of ES cells except:
a. They can develop into an entire animal
b. They can differentiate into cardiomyocytes
c. They can form glial cells to produce myelin
d. They can form immature nerve cells to restore spinal cord injuries
16. Pig xenotransplants are commonly rejected by human recipients because:
a. They smell bad
b. They have GAPDH
c. They have pig-specific antigens on their cells that the human immune
system considers incompatible
d. They have too much of an immune suppression
17. A centimorgan is what kind of measurement?
a. Physical
b. Genetic
c. Is a map distance that represents 1% recombination
d. Both a and b
e. Both b and c
18. RFLP analysis works because:
a. Of polymorphisms in the DNA
b. Proteins are different
c. Specific restriction enzymes can recognize several different DNA sequence
motifs at once
d. Of the 3-D conformation of the restriction enzymes
19. The private company Celera was able to sequence the human genome in a little over
one year because:
a. They used shotgun sequencing and robotics
b. They used high-powered computers to align overlapping DNA segments
c. They used chromosome walking
d. They subcloned fragments
e. Both a and b
f. a, b and c.

20. Single nucleotide polymrphisms can:
a. Be used as markers associated with a trait
b. Are polymorphisms that are present in a species about every 1000 bp
c. Be used to predict the 3-D conformation of a protein
d. Both a and b
e. Both b and c
21. Dolly the cloned Finn Dorset was the first animal derived
a. Using a Nucleus from an adult cell
b. Using mitochondria
c. Using tissue DNA
d. Using embryonic cells
22. These cells don’t stop growing when they come in contact with each other:
a. Primary
b. Tumor
c. Old
d. Immortal, but not tumorigenic
e. Normal
23. A DNA chip:
a. Represents thousands of expressed sequence tags
b. Can serve as probes for determining expression levels of many different mRNAs
c. Both a and b
d. Is used for the expression analysis of only one gene at a time
24. One of the following answers is NOT true for short tandem repeats:
a. They can identify 1 in 10 18 individuals (when all 13 STRs are analyzed)
b. They are based on highly polymorphic regions of DNA among individuals
c. They have replaced RFLP analysis in most state crime labs
d. They use Southern blot technology
25. The CFTR gene was identified by all of the following methods except:
a. Purification of the mutant protein
b. Chromosome walking
c. Chromosome Mapping
d. DNA sequencing
e. Genetic linkage analyis
26. Treatment for CFTR currently uses gene therapy where the adenovirus:
a. Homes to the lungs
b. Is replication defective
c. Homes to the liver
d. Both a and b

Fill in the blank (2 pts./question;14 pts. total).
__________1. Name a product produced by biopharming.
__________2. One of the desired traits that might be acquired through the
production of transgenic farm animals.
__________3. Modifications to proteins that are often times necessary for
complete biological and functional activity.
__________4. Transgenic fish that express this protein can live in freezing
waters off Newfoundland.
__________5. The type of gene therapy whereby any changes in the genome
are NOT passed on the next generation.
__________6. These genes (or gene products) suppre
controlled regulated expression of a potential cancer causing gene.
__________7. To be successful, gene therapy needs to produce proteins that
are toxic at high levels (T or F).

Matching (2 pts/question;18 pts total).
_____ 1. One of the origins of adult stem cells.
_____ 2. The first human disease cured by gene therapy.
_____ 3. An autosomal recessive disease.
_____ 4. Cloned sheep, pigs, mice, cattle and rabbits have been derived using
this technique.
_____ 5. Cell type that is cobblestone in appearance.
_____ 6. An ES cell grown in vitro is considered to be
_____ 7. If this gene is mutated, the risk of breast cancer increase to 90% by
age 80.
_____ 8. This animal serves as an excellent model for development,can be
used for gene knock-out experiments and has its own genome project underway.
_____ 9. Chemical method to transfer DNA into animal cells.
A. ENDO12 K. Huntington’s chorea
B. FISH L. Pluripotent
C. Fibroblastic M. Zebrafish
D. CFTR N. Floor scrapings
E. Tumor suppressor O. Gopher
F. Trojan gene effect P. BRCA 1
G. Totipotent Q. ADA
H. Nuclear transfer from adult cells R. Retrovirus
I. Gene gun S. Liposomes
J. Blood T. Epithelial

Short answer question (6pts.)
A new virus emerges that causes a severe illness. Discuss how a drug might be developed
by a pharmaceutical company in terms of using the following information: 1) genomics;
2) proteomics; and 3) bioinformatics.
Essay question (10pts.)
In the next ten years a set of predictive genetic markers are developed that are
“associated” with alcoholism in humans. Do you think that these markers will always be
accurate in a potentially polygenic disease such as alcoholism? Should these markers
ever be used by employers or law enforcement agencies to test individuals suspected of
being alcoholics? How should the information obtained from the test be handled as far as
privacy and confidentiality and the potential of discrimination? Finally, do you think that
such a potentially predictive genetic test should have ever been developed in the first
place? Defend all of your answers in detail.