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REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY1 See “Case Study: SPS Issues and Regional Trade in Horticultural Products in the SADC Region” and “Assessment ofthe Status of Implementation of the SPS Annex to the SADC Protocol on Trade” by Dermot Cassidy, USAID SouthernAfrica Global Competitiveness Hub, 2010.2 World Trade Organization (WTO). 1998. “Understanding the WTO Agreement on Sanitary andPhytosanitary Measures.” < http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/spsund_e.htm >. Website accessed 12 August2009.3 World Trade Organization (WTO). 1998. “Understanding the WTO Agreement on Sanitary andPhytosanitary Measures.” < http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/spsund_e.htm >. Website accessed 12 August2009.4 World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). 2009. Terrestrial Animal Health Code (2008).http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/mcode/en_sommaire.htm .5 World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). 2009. Aquatic Animal Health Code (2008).http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/fcode/en_sommaire.htm6 FAO SOFA Report7 FAO SOFA report at http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/ which reiterates that livestock production is an essentialto the livelihoods of more than 1 billion people worldwide, particularly, small holders in the rural demography.8 M.J. Otte, M. J., and P. Chilonda, P., 2002, Cattle and Small Ruminant Production Systems in sub-Saharan Africa - ASystematic Review Livestock Information Sector Analysis and Policy Branch, FAO Agriculture Department,www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4176e/y4176e07.htm, accessed 13 August 2009.9 FAO SOFA report at http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/ which reiterates that livestock production is an essentialto the livelihoods of more than 1 billion people worldwide, particularly, small holders in the rural demography.10 http://www.fao.org/docrep/012/i0680e/i0680e08.pdf Livestock production, consumption and trade statistics.11 Bishi, A. and Kamwi, J. A. (2008) „Veterinary science, transboundary animal diseases and markets: pathways forpolicy in Namibia‟, Transboundary animal disease and market access: future options for the beef industry in southernAfrica, Working Paper 4, Brighton: Institute of Development Studies. www.steps-centre.org/ourresearch/vetscience.html12 The Namibian Economy at www.nepru.org.na/index.php%3Fid%3D27913 Cassidy, D., Gebeyehu, S., 2009, Review of Biosecurity, SPS sensitive exports from Swaziland, the supporting legalframework and responses to Biosecurity events. USDA-FAS internal report20 July 200914 EU, 2007, Final report of a mission carried out in Swaziland from 21 to 28 November 2007 in order to evaluate animalhealth controls in place in particular over Foot and Mouth Disease, public health control systems and certificationprocedures. DG(SANCO)/2007-7396 – MR Final15 OIE, 2009, WAHID interface, http://www.oie.int/wahis accessed 01 October 200916 This section is based to some extent on the paper; African capacity building for meat exports, lessons from theNamibian and Botswana bee industries, Cabrera, R., Cochran, M., Dangelmayr, L., D‟Aguilar, G., Gawande, K., Lee, J.,Speir, I., Weigand, C. George H. W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, Version:September 200717 Sweet, J., and Antje Burke, 2000. “Namibia.” Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles, FAO. .18 Meat Board of Namibia, 2009, http://www.nammic.com.na/meat.php. accessed 13 August 200919 Martin, R. B., 2005 The Influence of veterinary control fences on certain wild large mammal species in the Caprivi,Namibia. In: Osofsky SA, Cleaveland S, Karesh WB, Kock MD, Nyhus PJ, Starr L, Yang A (eds) Conservation anddevelopment interventions at the wildlife/livestock interface: implications for wildlife, livestock and human health.Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 30, IUCN, Gland, p 27–3920 IRAS, 2009, Information system for Rare Species Management (IRAS), 2009, websitehttp://www.nnf.org.na/RARESPECIES/InfoSys/wildlifeLanduse/vetFence.htm accessed 12 August 200938
21 Sweet, J., and Burke, A., 2000, Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles, Namibia,http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/FAOINFO/AGRICULT/AGP/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Namibia/namibia.htm#3.%20LIVESTOCK%20PRODUCTION accessed 13 August 200922 Government of Namibia, 2009, Animal Identification Regulations GN29/2009 in terms of the Animal Diseases andParasites Act 13 of 1956 as amended23 These have websites as follows; http://www.meatco.com.na for Meatco and http://www.nammic.com.na for the MeatBoard24 Gaotlhobogwe, M., 2009, Plans to increase national herd to 3.5 million, Mmegi Online,http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=4&dir=2009/April/Wednesday8, accessed 13 August 200925 DESA/UNSD, 2009, United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database http://comtrade.un.org accessed 15 August200926 Burger, T., 2004, LITS: tracking Botswana‟s livestock using radio waves, http://ictupdate.cta.int/index.php/en/Feature-Articles/LITS-tracking-Botswana-s-livestock-using-radio-waves accessed 14 August 200927 C. Nkala, 2006, Environmental risk assessment (ERA) study of the CBPP burial sites in Ngamiland district, Synthesisstudy from Geoflux (Pty) Ltd., report November 2004 & other sources,http://www.envirobotswana.gov.bw/pdffiles/CBPP.pdf website accessed 13 August 200928 USAID, 2007, State-owned monopoly pays cattle producers higher prices,http://www.usaid.gov/stories/botswana/ss_bw_meat.html website accessed 15 August 200929 EU, 2006, Commission Decision of 28 July 2006 concerning certain protection measures in relation to highlypathogenic avian influenza in South Africa (notified under document number C(2006) 3350)(Text with EEA relevance) (2006/532/EC)30 Magagane. L., Muronga, F., Verster, J., Steenkamp, E., (2008) Market research on South African agricultural exports.Department of Agriculture (now Department of Agriculture Fisheries and Food), Directorate International Trade: subdirectorateTrade Research31 DESA/UNSD, 2009, United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database http://comtrade.un.org accessed 15 August200932 Chief Directorate Food & Veterinary Services, 2009, http://www.nda.agric.za/vetweb/ accessed 01 October 200933 ARC, 2009, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (ARC-OVI) http://www.arc.agric.za/home.asp?pid=2564.accessed 01 October 200934 EU, 2007a, Final report of a mission carried out in South Africa from 12 to 21 June 2007 concerning the evaluation ofthe control of residues and contaminants in live animals and animal products, including controls on veterinary medicinalproducts. DG(SANCO)/2007-7585 - MR Final.35 EU, 2008, Final report of a mission carried out in South Africa from 02 July TO 07 July 2008 in order to evaluate thecontrol of residues and contaminants in live animals and animal products, including controls on veterinary medicinalproducts. DG(SANCO)/ 2008-7932 - MR Final36 There are endless references to this problem. See “No renaissance if „brain drain‟ continues, Graham Linscott, CapeTimes, 12 January 1998 as a typical example37 Roar Gudding, R., (undated), Diagnostic support provided by the OIE Reference Laboratories and CollaboratingCenters, to OIE Member Countries, (twinning). National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway38 Extracted from various parts of the SADC FANR website; http://www.sadc.int/fanr/livestock. Accessed 23 July 201039 Information has been collected by direct communication with the directors' of The South African Veterinary Servicesand from their website which can be found at http://www.nda.agric.za/vetweb/ DIRECTORATE ANIMAL HEALTH, SUB-DIRECTORATE IMPORT EXPORT POLICY UNIT40 Thomson, G., R., Leyland , T. J., and Donaldson, A. I., 2008, De-Boned Beef – An Example of a Commodity for whichSpecific Standards could be Developed to Ensure an Appropriate Level of Protection for International Trade.Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Journal compilation ª 2008 Blackwell Verlag41 Thompson, G. R., 2009, Currently important animal disease management issues in sub-Saharan Africa, OnderstepoortJournal of Veterinary Research, 76:129-13439
Page 1 and 2: Case Study: SPS Issues and Regional
Page 3 and 4: 5.1 FMD Control Measures ..........
Page 5 and 6: EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe trade in anima
Page 7 and 8: (TAHC) and the Aquatic Animal Healt
Page 9 and 10: Figures 1 and 2: Estimated distribu
Page 11 and 12: penetrate South Africa market due t
Page 13 and 14: A survey in November 1991 revealed
Page 15 and 16: Figure 5: Carrying capacity map for
Page 17 and 18: 3.3.2 Disease control servicesVeter
Page 19 and 20: Table 9: Exports of live animals an
Page 21: to that of SADC and as such they en
Page 24: notifications and of these only two
Page 28 and 29: the livestock sector of SADC, 6 SAD
Page 30 and 31: APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS OF SADC
Page 32 and 33: APPENDIX 2: DOCUMENTATION AND PROCE
Page 34 and 35: country which requires a detailed k
Page 36 and 37: abattoirs in regions that are not o
Page 40: 42 Canadian Food Inspection Agency

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