Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Polyherbal Gel – A Novel ...

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701Wound Initial wound size – Specific day wound sizecontraction (%) = X 100Initial wound size2. Epithelialization 13Time taken for full epithelization will be measuredby recording the days.7) Statistical analysisExperimental data are expressed as Mean ± (SEM)standard error of mean. Statistical analysis wasperformed by using one way ANOVA followed byDunnetˈs test.RESULT AND DISCUSSIONI. Physical Evaluation of GelsThe results of various physical parametersfor evaluation of the prepared herbal gelformulation are reported below.‣ The physical parameter such as color,appearance, and feel on application are observedand shown in Table No.1.From the physical evaluation the color ofprepared herbal gels was dark green, faint yellowand light yellow as the color of extracts wasgreen and yellow. Appearance of gel wastranslucent and it was smooth on application. Soit shows significant physical evaluationparameters.‣ The subjective properties such asconsistency, texture and irritation are observedand are shown in Table No.2.The subjective properties such as consistencywere good and texture of prepared herbal gel wasfound to be smooth. No skin irritation was thereon application of gel to the skin surface. So itcan be used safely.‣ The pH value of gel formulation werestudied at room temperature are change in pH isobserved and shown in Table No.3.pH value of prepared herbal gel incorporating themedicinal plant extract was studied by usingdigital pH meter Systronics. (pH meter type335). The pH was studied for 30 days at roomtemperature. All four formulations were in rangeof 6.35 - 6.52 pH at initial phase. As we go fromepidermis to dermis, pH of the skin increases andattained the neutral value i.e. 7. So gelformulation having pH range 6.2 to 7 aredesirable to skin since they do not interfere withthe physiology of skin.The pH value of all two gel formulation showedslight difference after 2, 7, 14, 22 and 30 days.The change in pH value after 30 days showsminute difference and pH values are in a range of6.2-7 which is desirable to skin and do notinterfere with physiology of skin. This is also anindication that the gels were nonirritant.‣ The Stability testing of the differentformulation was shown in Table No.4.The prepared herbal gel formulations weresubjected to accelerated stability testing. Theprepared herbal gel were store at 4 0 C, 25 0 C,45 0 C in refrigeration, room temperature and ovenfor a period of 30 days to study effect oftemperature and at different humidity condition.The physical parameter were evaluated duringstudy period the result of study indicates thatpreparation are physically stable at 45 0 C.II. Assessment of burn healing1. Wound contractionWound contraction was another parameterused to assess wound healing. Significantwound contraction was shown in Table 5.In pharmacological evaluation the woundhealing activity was studied using A Partialthickness Burn wound model in rats. Theburn wound will be created and initialwound area was measured and all the gelwill be daily applied topically. The animalswere maintained under good hygienicconditions. The animals were divided into 6groups. The observations were made on 4day, 8 day, 12 day, 16 day and 21 dayrespectively and the observations werementioned in Table 5.Marketed Silvaleb cream showed 88.83%wound contraction after 21 days with respectto initial wound size 300 mm 2 as 100%,where as Formulation-I (Azadirachta Indica)showed 79.05% wound contraction,Formulation-II (Carica Papaya) 67.94%wound contraction, Formulation-III (Honey)72.27% wound contraction, Formulation-IV(Polyherbal) 87.05% wound contractionand control group showed 66.38% woundcontraction as showed in Table No.5. Thusdue to increase in concentration of extractsactivity increased. The use of different gelbase does not show any major change inactivity.2. Epithelialization period (days)Epithelialization period was anotherparameter used to assess wound healing.Significant wound contraction was shown inTable No. 6.The mean epithelization period of marketedSilvaleb cream was 23.00 ±2.90 days whereas the mean epithelization period ofFormulation-I (Azadirachta Indica) wasVol. 4 (3) Jul– Sep 2013 www.ijrpbsonline.com 791

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-370126.56 ±0.02 days, Formulation-II (CaricaPapaya) was 30.90 ±0.66, Formulation-III(Honey) was 29.05 ±0.12, Formulation-IV(Polyherbal) was 24.12 ±2.02 days asshowed in Table 6.Table 1: Physical Evaluation of GelsPhysical parameterFormulationIFormulationIIFormulationIIIFormulationIVColor Dark Green Faint Yellow Light Yellow Dark GreenAppearance Translucent Translucent Translucent TranslucentFeel on applicationSmooth Smooth Smooth SmoothTable 2: Subjective properties of GelsParameterFormulationIFormulationIIFormulationIIIFormulationIVConsistency Good Good Good GoodTexture Smooth Smooth Smooth SmoothIrritation -- -- -- --Time in daysFormulationITable 3: pH of the GelsFormulationIIPH of formulationFormulationIIIFormulation IV0 6.37 6.50 6.40 6.482 6.40 6.48 6.42 6.507 6.38 6.51 6.40 6.5214 6.37 6.49 6.37 6.5122 6.40 6.52 6.35 6.4530 6.41 6.49 6.39 6.47Table 4: Stability testingFormulation Initial colour 4 0 C, 25 0 C, 45 0 C and at a room temperatureI st week II nd week III rd week IV th weekFormulationIFormulationIIFormulation IIIDark GreenFaint YellowLight Yellow+ + + ++ + + ++ + + +Formulation IV Dark Green+ + + +Where + Indicates there is no change in colour or lump formation.Vol. 4 (3) Jul– Sep 2013 www.ijrpbsonline.com 792

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701Table 5: Evaluation of Wound contractionGr.No.TreatementArea of wound during different days of observation (%)4 8 12 16 211 Control06.60±0.716015.60±0.706536.94±0.941053.44±0.781966.38±0.56712 Formulation I11.88**±0.534725.38**±0.504347.71**±0.580967.60**±0.599479.05**±0.58023 Formulation II07.72*±0.727618.16*±0.536937.10*±0.728754.27*±0.546867.94*±0.54774 Formulation III08.27**±0.782119.38**±0.696338.88**±0.556756.22**±1.06072.27**±0.58025 Formulation IV6 Reference standard11.99**±0.523213.88±0.748728.05**±0.986629.38±0.727251.16**±0.692253.94±0.6522Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, N= 6, *p

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701Journal of Experimental Biology 2007;45;739-743.8. Gurung S., Basnet Natasa s.; Wound healingproperties of Carica papaya latex: In vivoevaluation in mice burn model.; Journal ofEthnopharmacology 2009;.121;338–341.9. Aly Usama F., Preparation and evaluation ofnovel topical gel preparation for woundhealing in diabetics.; International Journal ofPharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences2012; 4 (4);76.10. Karade Preeti G., Shah Rohit R.;Formulation and evaluation of Celecoxibgel.; Journal of Drug Delivery &Therapeutics 2012; (3); 132-135.11. Bairy K.L., Rao C. Mallikarjun.; Anappraisal of the healing profile of oral andexternal (gel) metronidazole on partialthivkness burns wounds.; Indian Journal ofPharmacology 2000; 32;282-287.12. Kotadde Kiran, Mohammed Asad.; Woundhealing activity of sesamum indicum L seedand oil in rats.; Indian Journal ofExperimental Biology 2008;46;777-782.13. Meena k. Mohan A.V.; Effect of topicalphenytoin on burn wound healing in rats;Indian Journal Experimental Biology 2011;49; 56-59.14. Ahmad N.S., Mohd S.A., Ahmad A.; Effectof Carica Papaya Linn, Latex on the healingof Burns wounds in rats.; Journal SainsKesihatan Malaysia 2005;3(2);39-47.Vol. 4 (3) Jul– Sep 2013 www.ijrpbsonline.com 794