Field Manual for the Investigation of Coral Disease Outbreaks

4.8 Sample ShipmentFigure 4.8 Dry shipper. Note lid and canister alignmentare critical to ensuring proper seal.The Planning Chief or Incident Commander, incollaboration with the Regional Coordinator andNational Coordinator should make priorarrangements with the appropriate diagnosticlaboratories to conduct the analyses, and provideadvanced notification with likely dates of samplearrival before conducting the response. Thesedates should be confirmed before shippingsamples. The Incident Commander should alsofollow up with the lab to ensure arrival of samplesto the lab and to the appropriate person.Samples should be placed in appropriate packaging to ensure safe delivery, avoid leaks,and fines. Each shipment should be labeled as non-regulated material to avoid concernsby the currier or inspection agents (e.g., customs). Dry ice and dry shipper labels shouldbe used where appropriate.4.9 PermitsIt is imperative that all biological samples are collected and shipped under appropriatepermits, and relevant documentation is included with samples.4.9.1 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Faunaand Flora (CITES) PermitsCITES is an international agreement between 166 governments to ensure thatinternational trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten theirsurvival. Under CITES, a species is listed at one of three levels of protection, each ofwhich has specific restrictions on trade: no commercial trade is allowed in Appendix Ispecies, while trade is allowed for Appendix II species when accompanied by an exportpermit that indicates the species was legally acquired and trade is non-detrimental. Coralreef species currently listed in CITES on Appendix II are 1) all corals includingscleractinian (stony) corals, hydrozoan corals (Millepora and Stylaster), organ pipe coral(Tubipora), and blue coral (Heliopora), 2) all antipatharian (black) coral species, 3) giantclams (Tridacna and Hippopus spp.), 4) queen conch (Strombus gigas), 5) all seahorses(Hippocampus), and 6) humphead wrasse. For stony corals, permits are required for livecorals (whole colonies and pieces with recognizable corallites), skeletons,eggs/sperm/planula, live rock, reef substrate and eroded skeletal fragments greater than 3cm in diameter. A CITES permit is also required for coral samples less than 3 cm indiameter if the corallites are discernable and allow identification of the coral to genus (orspecies).51