Please Note: This dictionary was intended to further understanding ...

Please Note:This dictionary was intended to further understanding between English and Turkmen speakers. Itmay be freely distributed for educational purposes. It may not be sold for profit without theexpress written permission of its authors. Please direct all comments and inquiries regarding thisdictionary to the following e-mail address: greglas@aya.yale.eduHelpful feedback and suggestions are always appreciated.Greg LastowkaCharlottesville 1999

Introduction iiTURKMEN - ENGLISHDICTIONARYa SPA project of Peace Corps TurkmenistanContributing Editors:Jonathan GarrettGreg LastowkaAkgul MuhammetmuradovaJahan MyradovaKimberly NaahieluaMeena PallipamuMuhammed RustamovMeretgul SharipovaAynabat Yaylymova© 1996 Garret, Lastowka, Naahielua, Pallipamu

Introduction ivAcknowledgementsThis dictionary was a cooperative effort. We would like to extendour thanks to: Ainabat Yaylymova for her enthusiasm and dedication tothe project; Muhamet Rustamov of Bairam Ali for his expertise andassistance in translating obscure phrases and usages; Mehri Karkulovaand Zuhre of the Peace Corp Staff in Ashgabat for their proofreading andgeneral assistance; Berdi and Gulya Orazahatov of Bairam Ali for theirencouragement and support; Sofia Esenovna Bagirova of Buzmein for herencouragement; and special thanks to Atgul Muhammetmuradova for herassistance throughout the project.The authors also wish to acknowledge the contribution of V.Mesgudov, whose Turkmen/Russian Student's Dictionary was an importantresource.Above all, the authors would like to thank our Turkmen friends,families, and co-workers, who taught us their language and made thisbook possible.Jonathan GarrettGreg LastowkaKimberly NaahieluaMeena PallipamuAshgabat, September 1996

Introduction vAbbreviationsadj. adjectiveadv. adverbanat. anatomicalbot. botanicalcol. colloquialfig. figurative usegeol. geologicalgeom. geometricalgram. grammaticali.e. for examplemat. mathematicalmed. medicalmil. militaryn. noun, or noun-adjectivepoet. poetic languager. denotes that the word in question is either exists in theRussian language, or is derived from a word that exists inthe Russian language.v. verbzool. zoologicalNotes on MethodEvery attempt was made to find the most reasonable and accuratetranslation for all words. In cases where a single Turkmen word has nosingle equivalent in English, multiple possible translations areseparated by a comma, i.e.:çekisme discussion, debateWhen a word has various meaning in Turkmen, the multiple meaningsare separated by numbers, i.e.:gujak 1. embrace 2. armfullWhen a two completely different words are spelled alike, theirdifferent meanings are separated by Roman numerals, i.e.:saz I. music, musical II. accurate, intact

Introduction viWhere two words are spelled alike, but differentiated by a longvowel (see Appendix), they are listed as above, with the long vowelindicated by the vowel letter in brackets, i.e.:at I. horse II.[a:] 1. name 2. vowelOccasional examples of usage are given to help readers understandthe word in context, or understand how the word is used in an idiomaticway. In this case, the illustrated word is followed by a colon, whichis followed by the example, i.e.:dek like, as: Bu burç dek ajy = This is hot as a pepperIn most cases, part of speech is obvious and ommitted in theinterest of conserving space. However, when the part of speech is wouldotherwise be ambiguous, it is indicated.When single-word translations are impossible, or clarification ofusage is necessary, editorial text is written in italics. For short oneor two word comments, parentheses are used.

Introduction viiPrinter's NoteAt the time of this printing, a complete computer-based font ofthe new Turkmen alphabet characters was not available to thegeneral public. As a result, three characters have beensubstituted with close equivalents. These characters are asfollows:Official CharacterSubstitute Character¥ / ÿ£ / £? / ?

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1Aabadançylyk well-beingabadanla?dyrmak to makewellabadanla?mak to be madewellabanmak to lean overabat intactabatlyk intactnessabraÿ reputationabuna subscriptionabunaçy subscriberabzal toolabzallar instrumentsabzalla?dyrmak to make atoolaç göz greedyaç openaç-açan freely, frankly : Açaçanaÿtsana = Pleasespeak franklyaçar keyaçgözlylyk greed, fightingby greedy peopleaçmak to openaçyk adj. openaçyly? openingada islandadaglamak to betrotheadagly betrothedadalat fairnessadalatly fair, justadalatlylyk justiceadalatsyzlyk injusticeadalga term, titleadam person, manadamkärçilik philanthropyadamzat humanityadatça normal, okayadatlanmak to adaptadaty usualadmiral r. admiraladres r. addressadykmak to acquireadyl lavish, wealthyadyñdaky named afteraffiks r. affixafi?a r. posterafrikaly Africanaga 1. older brother 2.(Balkan dialect) uncleagajet withered, wrinkledagaran 1. creamy froth ofçal 2. foam, froth 3.lightened, whipped upagdar-duñder etmek toturn upside-downagdarmak to overturn, pushoveragdyk overmuchagdyklyk predominanceaglaba often, the greaterpartaglamak to cry, weepagralmak 1. to grow heavy,weighten 2. to advance inpregnancyagram weightagramly heavyagsak lameagsamak to limpag?amky adj. eveningag?amlyk nahar dinneragtarmak to search, to lookforagtary? search, questagtyk grandchildagy weeping, cryingagyl pen, enclosureagyr heavyagyrlyk weightagyrmak to hurtagyrtmak to hurt, causepainagyry 1. ill 2. troublesagyz beklemek to fastagyz mouthagyzzyryk horse's bitagza memberagzala disjointedagzamak 1. to mentionsomeone else 2. to givevoice toagzybir friendlyagzybirlik friendshipah darn!aha aha!ahlak moral (of a story)ahmyr etmek to regret,lamentahmyr regret, lamentahwalet adverbahyr 1. trough 2. end, exitahyrky last, finalahyryn last, finalajal deathajamak 1. to be spoiled 2.to be fermentedajatmak 1. to spoil 2. tofermentajaÿyp wonderful, beautifulajdarha dragonajöze on an empty stomachajy spicy, peppery, hotajyga ajyga, a spicyTurkmen salad or saucemade from potatoes, garlic,peppers, and onionsajykmak to be hungry,hungerak whiteakaba flowingakar stream, flowakdyrmak to release, letflow water or any otherliquidakgöwünli honest, openheartedaklamak to whiten, whitewashaklawçy lawyerakmak 1. foolish, stupid 2.to flowakmaklyk stupidityakrobat r. acrobataktiw r. activeaktÿor r. actorakÿuzli paleakyl mindakyldar intellectualakylly smart, cleverakylsyz stupidakylsyzlyk stupidityakym stream, flowakytmak to poural pinkala multi-colored (2 colors)alabahar early springalabeder multi-colored (3 ormore colors)alaç exit, escapealaçsyz inescapablealaçsyzlyk inevitability,unavoidabilityalada cares, troublesalada etmek to care for, goto trouble overaladalanmak to care for, goto trouble overaladaly troubled,preoccupiedaladandan in the pre-dawnalahekik magpiealahuberen alahuberen, aspecies of white and graysnakealaja talisman of camel hairalajy purchaser, customeralaka ratalamat mark, sign, signifieralamatlandyrmak to signifyalañ hillalarmak to dazzle

Turkmen/English Dictionary 2alarylmak to starethreateningly, to glareangrilyalasarmyk cloudy,uncertainalaÿaz early spring: olalaÿaz ÿaly boldy = hecame out of his bad moodalçak friendly, sociablealdamak to liealdanmak to deceiveoneselfaldaw deception, liealdawçy liar, rascal, fakeraldygyna to the best of(my, its, his) ability : Menbuni aldyguna etdim = Itried my best to do thisaldym-berdimli hardfought,give-and-takealgy debtaljyramak to be insecurealjyraññy insecure,uncertain, afraid to actaljyratmak to makesomeone/something anervous wreckalkym chinallanäme wonderfulalma 1. apple 2. (as acommand) Don't take it!almak to takealñasamak to hurry, makehastealñasan hurriedalñasatmak to hastenaltmy? sixtyalty sixaltyn goldaluw-satuw commercealyjy buyeralym scientistalymlyk science (degree)alyn forehead, way, leadalyndaky forealyndañy head scarfalyp gelmek to cometaking, to bringalys faralysda distantaly?-çaly? exchangealy?mak to exchangeamal actionaman 1. health, safety,wholeness 2. safeamanat unknown propertyamatly comfortable, handyamatsyz uncomfortableangyz spicy plantanna fridayanonom anonymousant oathanyk obviousanyklamak to make clearanyklyk clarityañ mind, thoughtañ-bilim education,knowledgeañ-dü?ünje prospect, vistaañalmak to wonderañkarmak to look overañkaw stinkerañkawmak to emit anunpleasing odorañlatma expression,formulaañlatmak to express,signifyañly soberañmak to feel, understandañry oppositeañsat easyañsyrmak to understandañzak frostap-ak whitestapbasy two-sidedar almak to take revengear revengear-namys integrityara interval, middlearaba cart (animal driven)arabaglan?yk tie,connectionaraçäk borderaraçäkde? borderingaraçy intermediaryarada recentlyaradan çykmak to diearadan since thenaragatna?yk tie, connectionarak vodkaarakesme recess, break.time-outaralamak to take apartarala?mak to attackaralyk 1. distance, interval2. middle-sizedaram moderatelyaram-aram sometimes,now and thenarassa cleanarassalamak 1. to clean 2.to peelardynjyramak to cough upargaç woof, weft (carpetmakingterm)argyn tiredargynlyk wearinessarheolog r. archeology,archeologistarheologik r. archeologicalarhitektura r. architecturearhiw r. archivearka back (physical)arkadaÿänç brace, supportarkalanmak to hopearkala?mak to give a handto, assistarkala?yk mutual aidarkala?yk supportarkaly supported, helped byarkan pronearkaÿyn bolmak to countonarkaÿyn safearkaÿynlamak to quiet, tomake stillarman impossible fantasyarmyt peararpa barleyarryk skinnyarryklamak to get skinnyarslan lionartdyrma increase, multiplyartilleriÿa r. artilleryartist r. artist, actorartmak 1. to increase 2. topeelartyk extraartykmaç 1. extra 2. very:artykmaç gyz = very goodgirlary beearza declarationarzan inexpensivearzuw dream, wisharzuw etmek to wisharzuwlamak to wishas lizardasfalt r. asphaltasgyç hanging pegasgyn weakasgynlamak to weakenasgynlyk weaknessasgyrmak to sneezeaslynda generallyasmak to hang upasman air, skyaspirant r. graduatestudentassa gentlyassistent r. assistantassyryn secretassyrynlyk secretivenessast bottom, belowastronom r. astronomerastronomiÿa r. astronomyasuda peacefulasudalyk peace

Turkmen/English Dictionary 3asyl tribe, kin : siziñaslyñiz kim? = Who areyour kin?asylly nobleasylmak to hangasylyp durmak tohang, behangingasyr centurya? fooda?a too mucha?ak below : aÿagyña?agynda bolmak = to beunderfoota?aklamak to lowera?aky beggar, low-lifea?gar lyea?gazan stomacha?mak to cross : Köçedena?dym = I crossed thestreeta?pez cooka?yk sheep knee-bones(used in a children's gamelike dice)a?yr somersaulta?yrmak to get acrossat 1. horse 2. [a:] firstname 3. [a:] noun 4. (as acommand) shoot!at calysma pronounat capysyk horse raceat ÿatak stableat-abraÿ authority,reputationata grandfatherata-baba forefatherata-ene parentsatagzy 1. mouthful, bite 2.pliersatanak crossatanaklaÿyn upon the crossatarmak to get started(about cooking)atda? namesakeatgulak 1. wedding gifts 2.a kind of grassatlandyrmak to name, callatlaÿyn 1. [a:] namely 2.on topatlaz 1. r. atlas 2. r. satinatletika r. athleticsatly 1. [a:] namely 2. [a:]topmost 3. [a:] famous 4.on horsebackatmak 1. throw 2. put 3.shoot (a weapon) 4. toadd drink or foodatmosfera r. atmosphereatom r. atomatÿatak stall, boothatÿuzli narrowatyjy shooteratym fingerful (about atablespoon)atyr scentaty?mak to shoot downatyz garden bedauditoriÿa r. auditioriumaut out (as used in sports)aw huntawamak to huntawatmak to hunt(something)awçy hunterawlamak to huntawu?amak to hunt(something)awy poisonaÿ 1. moon 2. monthaÿa palmaÿaguç geo. foot, bottomaÿak leg, endaÿakçy mosquito (lit."legger")aÿakgap footwearaÿakgap shoeaÿaklamak to finishaÿakly leggy, fastaÿakÿalañaç barefootaÿal wife, womanaÿamak to take care ofaÿan obviousaÿat memorial ceremonyaÿawly cautiousaÿaz frostaÿba-aÿ every monthaÿbogda? "Indian style" :Aÿbogda?yñy gurupotyrÿarys = We're sitting"Indian style"aÿdylmak to pronounce :By söz nähile aÿdilÿar? =How do you pronounce thisword?aÿdyly? pronunciationaÿdym songaÿdymçi singeraÿdyñ 1. moonlit, moon(adj.) 2. obviousaÿdyñla?dyrmak to makeclear, explainaÿgyr stallionaÿgyt determinationaÿgytly determinedaÿlag 1. circle 2. gulfaÿlamak to turn, reflectaÿlanjyramak to stroll,saunteraÿlanma rotationaÿlanmak 1. to go around,turnaÿlañ-saÿlañ a little strollaÿlar seasonsaÿlaw 1. circle 2. racetrackaÿlawly circular, curvy,windingaÿlyk 1. salary 2. monthlyaÿmança fenceaÿna window, glass, mirroraÿnadan reflectiveaÿnalamak to make glassyaÿra singular, uniqueaÿralyk loneliness,separationaÿratyn specific, particularaÿratynlyk specificityaÿry differentaÿrylmak 1. to get out 2. tocomplete 3. to dieaÿy bear (animal)aÿyl-saÿyl obviousaÿylganç fright, horroraÿyp worthy of blameaÿypgyç accusative (gram.)aÿyplamak to blameaÿyrmak to completeaz little, fewaz-azdan little by littleaz-oblak a little bitaza illazalmak to lessenazap torment, tortureazar bermek to givetrouble, painazar trouble, painaza?mak to get lostazat freeazatlyk freedomazgyrylmak to hollerazmak to get spoiledazot r. nitrogenazyk food

Turkmen/English Dictionary 4Bbaba grandfatherbabatda on the part ofbabatdan from that, that'swhybada initiallybada-bat immediatelybadamjan eggplantbadyna immediatelybag 1. tree 2. lace,shoelacebagaj r. baggagebagana sheep skinbagjyk lacebaglamak to join, connectbaglany?yk joint, unisonbaglany?ykly unitedbaglaÿjy united, joinedbagly bolmak to depend onbagly dependentbag?y singerbagt luckbagtly happy (with luck)bagyr liverbagyr-öÿken lungsbagy? devotedbagy?lamak 1. to forgive 2.to dedicate, devotebaha mark, grade, pricebahana excusebahanlamak to find anexcuse forbahar springbahyl enviousbahyllyk envybahym soon (dialect ofbasym)baja wife's brotherbajak cousinbajy husband's sister (rarelyused)bajyp significant, importantbak tank, vesselbaka straight toward: Olmaña baka ÿörär gelÿärdi= she came straight to mebakaleÿa r. grocery store,groceriesbakaly well, c'mon : Aÿtbakaly = well, tell mealreadybakja melonfieldbakmak to graze animalsbakteria r. bacteriabaky eternalbakyna colonialbaky? glance : ogryn baky?= a furtive (stolen) glancebal honeybala babybalak pantsbalçy bee-keeperbaldak stablebaldyz younger sister-in-lawbalet r. balletbalkon r. balconybalkyldamak to glisten,glitterballistik r. ballisticbalyk fishbanderol r. packagebank bankbanka r. jarbap chapterbar to exist : Seniñ kelläñbarmy? = Are youthinking? (Do you haveyour head?)barabar equal, equallybarada aboutbarda?ly healthybardy-geldi if somethingcomes up : Bardy-geldisiz gerek bolsanyñiz... =If it happens you needsomething...barha allbarlag check-upbarlag i? quizbarlagçy examinerbarlamak to check,examinebarly rich in possessions,abundantbarlyk beingbarly?yk coming, meeting,gatheringbarmak 1. finger, toe 2. togobarrikada r. baracadebars r. snow leopardbarÿer r. barrierbary all, everyone,everything, entire: Bary?umy? = Is this all?bary-ÿogy all in allbaryp againbasgalamak to tramplebasgançak step(s)basmak to pressbasseÿn r. poolbassyrma awningbasybalyjy agressorbasylmak to lose, bedefeatedbasym soonbasyrganmak to rant andravebasyrmak to close, coverbasy? pressureba? 1. head 2. [a:] boil,abscessba?egme worshipba?egmek to worshipba?tutan boss, chiefba?a-ba? one on oneba?agaÿ 1. vain 2. busyba?agaÿlyk vanityba?arjan efficientba?armak to be able toba?arnykly able, capableba?arnyklyk abilityba?a?ak the very height, thetippy-topba?da in the beginningba?dan from the very startba?dan-aÿak from head totoesba?ga otherba?ga zat other thingsba?gaça 1. differently 2.otherwiseba?lamak to beginba?langyç primarybeginningba?ly-barat orderlinessba?lyk boss, hetmanbat spanbatalion r. battallionbatareÿa r. batterybatga 1. slime, mud 2.swampbatlandyrmak to stretch,extendbatmak to sink, fallbatnyksyz meaningless,sillybatyr courageous, boldbatyrlyk courage, boldnessbaÿ richbaÿ-bow good golly!sheesh!baÿan enriched, becomerichbaÿanmak to become richbaÿdak flagbaÿgu? owlbaÿla?dyrmak to enrichbaÿlyk wealthbaÿrak prize, rewardbaÿram festivalbaÿry old, greatbaÿrynmak to rely, beprotected, be supportedbaÿtal marebaÿyr hill

Turkmen/English Dictionary 5baza r. base, foundationbazar bazaarbe wow! oh! gosh!bede haybeden bodybeden terbiÿe physicaltrainingbedenterbie gym, exercisebedre pailbedroÿ uglybegenç joybegendirmek to gladdenbegeÿik gussetbegres coatbejergi 1. treatment 2.design, patternbejermek to treat, repairbekemek to harden,strengthenbeklemek to block, seal offbela disasterbelent big, tall, majesticbelentlik heightbelet acquaintedbeletçilik acquaintancebelgi signbelgilemek to signify, makeor place a signbelka squirrelbelke a noodle dishbelki apparentbellenme nominationbellenmek to nominate,make knownbelli well-knownbellik signbent dam, dykebentlemek to dam upbenzin r. gasolineberbat destroyed,destructionberç tumorberçikmek to satiateberçin rivetberekella clever, "way-togo"bereket abundancebereketli abundantberentak somebergi debtbergidar debtorberhizli on a dietberjaÿ fulfilment : Menbuÿrugy berjaÿ etdim = Ifulfilled the orderberk firm, strongberkitme reinforced,reinforcementberkitmek to fortifyberklik firmness, strengthberÿoza r. birchbes enoughbeslemek to decoratebet badbetbagt bad luckbetbagtlyk accident,misfortunebeter worsebeterlemek to worsen : Ÿelbeterleÿärdi = The windgot worsebetgel?ik uglybetlik badness, mischiefbetnebis greedybetnebislik greedbetniet malevolent, plottingbetnysan uglybeton r. concretebetpäl malevolent, plottingbeÿan etmek to describe,retell, relatebeÿan talebeÿanama talebeÿemçi managerbeÿemçilik etmek tomanagebeÿgelmek to grow tallerbeÿhu? unconsciousbeÿi quincebeÿik great, grandbeÿikli-pesli high and low,one and allbeÿiklik heightbeÿle 1. so, such : Beÿlezady nireden aldyñ? =Where did you get such athing? 2. that sidebeÿleki the other, adifferentbeÿläk there : Ol beÿläkgitdi = He went therebeÿni brainbezeg decorationbezemek to decoratebezemen well-dressedbezmek same as bezikmekbezzat little rascalbä golly, wowbäbek babybägül rosebähbit advantage, gain,profitbälçik merrybälçiremek to make merrybälçire?mek to joke aroundbäri 1. here 2. since, thisside ofbärik here : Bärik geliñ =Come herebäsde? rivalbäsle?ik rivalrybä? five : Bä?barmagymyñÿaly bilÿärin = I know itlike my five fingersbä?lik 1. "A" student 2. n.five, fiverbiabraÿ shamefulbiabraÿlyk shame: Gör,nähile biabraÿlyk! = Whata shame!biagyry careless, carefreebialaç willy-nilly,involuntarily: Biz bialaçrazyla?dyk = We agreedagainst our willbiçak very, extremely :Sizde biçak uly pi?ik bar =You have an extremely bigcatbiçim cut, fashionbiçimçi tailorbiçmek to cut, tailorbiderek 1. useless,worthless 2. dangerousbidin without permissionbidüzgün undisciplinedbiedep discourteousbiedeplik discourtesybigaÿrat incapablebigünä innocentbigünälik innocencebihabar misinformedbihepbe a do-nothing,lazybonesbijaÿ 1. uncomfortablebije lot, fate, fortune : Bijelioglan aglamaz ˜ Acceptyour fatebikanun lawlessbikär idlebil waistbilagyry rheumatismbilbag beltbilbil nightingalebildiri? announcementbildirmek to make known,to report uponbile togetherbilek fore-armbilele?ik associationbilelikde togetherbilen with : Çaÿy gantbilen iç! = Drink the teawith sugar!bilesigeliji curious, pryingbilesigelijilik curiousitybilet r. ticketbilezik braceletbilge?leÿin on purposebilgu?ak sash, girdle, belt

Turkmen/English Dictionary 6bilim education, knowledgebilimli educated,knowledgeablebilmek to know, to be able :Men ÿüzüp bilmeÿärin = Ican't swimbilmezden unknownbilmezlik unknowingbimamla wrong : Senbimamla = You're wrong.bimaza sleeplessbina buildingbinamys shamelessbintlemek to screw inbinÿät? eternally joined (?)biografiÿa r. biographybiologiÿa r. biologybiparh indifferent, carelessbiperwaÿ indifferentbiperwaÿlyk indifferencebir bar eken, bir ÿokeken traditional storyopening, like our "Onceupon a time... "(lit. Onesays it was, one says itwasn't)bir menzes identicalbir one, abiraz a littlebirazajyk a little bitbirbada from the beginningbirçak long agobirden suddenlybirdenka all of a suddenbirehim heartless,worthlessbirek-biregi each otherbirhili 1. strange,somewhat 2.monotonous, boringbiri one of : kitabyñ biri =one of the booksbirigün day after tomorrowbirikmek to unitebirin-birin from start tofinishbirinji firstbiriñilik prioritybirkemsiz irreproachablebirle?dirmek to unitebirle?en unitedbirle?ik unionbirle?mek to be united :Ähli ÿurtlaryñ proletarybirle?iñ! = Workers of theworld, unite!birlik 1. unit 2. oneness 3.onlybirlikde together, as onebirmahal a long time agobirmeñze? identicalbirnäçe somebirsydyrgyn consecutive,uniformly distributedbirsyhly continuous :Çagajyk birsyhly aglardy= The kid was cryingconstantlybirtaraplaÿyn one-sidedbirwagt a long time ago,oncebirÿyllyk adj. one-yearbisarpa thriftless,uneconomicalbi?-du? mealbi?irmek to cook, prepare adish : meniñ ejem çörekbi?irdi = my mother madebread (çörek)bi?mek to be cookedbitarap neutralbitaraplyk neutralitybitaÿ pairless, odd: bitaÿjorap = odd sockbitewi solebitin whole, entirebitirmek to fill upbitmek to become full, tobe fulfilled: Onuñ islegibitdi = His desires werefulfilledbiwagt at the wrong timebiwepa faithless, untruebiwepalyk faithlessnessbiygtyÿar involuntarybiynjalyk uneasybiz 1. we 2. awlbizar bolmak to get sick of,grow tired of: Siziñgürrüñleriñizden menbezigipdirin = I've growntired of your talkblank r. formbloknot r. notepadbogaldak mastbogaz 1. inlet 2. throatbogmak to tie, bindbognamak to saw: Agajybognadym = I sawedwoodbogulmak to suffocatebogun syllablebok fecesboks r. boxingboksçy boxerbokyrdak throatbol 1. full of, rich with : Byderÿada balyk bol = Thisriver is full of fish 2.Command form ofbolmak, often used withanimals : Bol! = Stay!bolelenlik sufficientbolgusyz meaningless,absurd, ridiculousbolmak to be, happenbolmasa if not, or else :Gowy oka, bolmasainstituta girip bilmersiñ =Study well, or else youwon't enter the institute.boluçlyk abundantbolu? 1. behaviour 2.victorybolÿar okay, goodbomba r. bombbombalamak to bombboran snowstormborç dutyborçlanmak to take a dutyupon oneselfborona r. harrow (in afield)bor? r. borscht (soup)bort r. beehivebosaga threshold :bosagadan ätlemek = tocross a thresholdbosmak to fleebo? free, empty, unusedbo?atmak to empty, unloadbo?luk emptinessbotanika r. botanicalbotlamak to birth, to calveboÿ heightboÿag paintboÿamak to paintboÿdan-ba?a from start tofinishboÿda? 1. girlfriend 2.person of the same heightboÿun almak to admit,confessboÿun neckboÿunça on, along,according to : Planboÿunça i?ledik = Weworked according to theplanboz fallow, untilled : bozerler = virgin landsbozgak trouble-makerbozgaklyk trouble, seditionbozguç eraserbozmak 1. to erase 2. toruinbozulan out of tune, out ofwhackbozylmak to be ruinedbökdemek to obstruct

Turkmen/English Dictionary 7bökdenç obstructionbökmek to bounce, jumpbölek partbölek-bölek to pieces :Kagyzy bölek-böleketdim = I tore the paper topiecesbölekleyin partialbölmek to divide, to partbölüm sectionbölü?mek to get donebörek pilmeniböri wolf, wolfishbörük skull capböwet damböwrek kidneyböw?eñ spaciousböwür side, flank : Meniñsag böwrüm agyrÿar =My right side hurtsböwürslen blackberryböwüsmek to penetrate,break throughbu thisbug steambugarmak to evaporatebugdaÿ renk dark incomplexionbugdaÿ wheatbugdaÿ wheatbuhgalter r. bookkeeperbukdaklamak to creep, tosneakbukja bag, envelopebukmak to conceal, hideaway : Ol otlyçöpiçagalardan bukÿar = Shehides the matches from thekidsbukullym hide and seek(game)buky shelter, coverbulak spring, tapbulam-bujar confusionbulamak to mix, stirbulanmak 1. to be mixed,stirred 2. to feel nauseous,vomitousbula?dyrmak to mix upbula?mak 1. to get dirty 2.to get tangled andconfusedbula?yk entangledbulaÿlamak to wave,brandishbuldozer r. bulldozerbuldurçyn frostbulgur wine-glassbulukmak to increasebulut cloudburawlamak to drill, boreburç 1. angle, corner 2.pepperburjy frostburmak to twist, whirlburugçy a puffburugsamak to puff, swirl,curl (of smoke)burun nosebu?lamak to bring goodtidings : Ol meniñoglumyñ bolanynybu?lady = He brought methe news of my son's birthbut hip, thighbuterbrod r. sandwichbuthana churchbutnamak to move :Butnaman dur! = Standstill!buÿrak curl, curly = buÿraksaçly ÿigit = curly-hairedladbuÿruk commandbuÿsanç pridebuÿsanjan proudbuÿsanmak to be proudbuÿurmak to order,commandbuz icebüdremek to stumble on :Da?a büdredim = I trippedon a stonebükdürmek to pound, twistbükgüldemek to throb,poundbükmek to bendbükülmek to be bent, tobend (oneself)büre 1. flea 2. fleabitebüremek to cloud, obscurebürgüt eaglebürje?mek to be wrinkledbürkür hunchedbürmek to wrinklebürünç 1. bronze 2. ricebütin whole, throughoutbütindünÿa universalbütinleÿ completelybüzmek to tighten, pulltogetherbüzülmek to be tightenedbÿujet r. budgetbÿuro r. bureaubyçgy sawbyçgylmak to sawbykyn sidebyzmyk pancake, crepeÇçabga downpourçadyr tentçaga 1. child 2. children'sçaga-çuga children, kidsçagalar bagy kindergardençagaly with childrençagalyk 1. childhood 2.childnessçagarmak to call, inviteçagary? invitationçagsamak 1. to bedestroyed 2. to be oldçagsyldamak to rustleçagyl gravelçagyrmak 1. to invite 2. tocall 3. to summonçak 1. measure, degree,way 2. offer, proposal,suggestion 3. time 4.probability, likelihoodçak etmek to guessçakdana?a excessiveçakgan dextrous, adroit,deftçakganlyk adroitness,dexterityçakgy pen-knifeçaklamak to suppose,assumeçakmak 1. to sting or bite2. to chirpçakny?mak 1. to strike,knock 2. to collide, runintoçakny?yk collision, crashçaksyz immeasurable,immenseçakylyk invitationçakyr alcoholçaky?mak to collide, runinto, come acrossçakyza sick; having aheadacheçal I. camel's milk II. gray,dull in colorçala 1. hardly, scarcely;only a little 2. incidentally,in passing 3. slowlyçalaja a littleçalajan half-deadçalam-ça? scatteredçalarmak to turn grayçalasowat uneducated,ignorantçalasowatlyk ignorance

Turkmen/English Dictionary 8çalasyn quick, agileçalasynlyk quickness,agilityçalgy macheteçalgyrt with an accentçalmak 1. to smear, rub,spread 2. to play amusical instrument 3. togrind; sharpen 4. to strike,knock, hitçalpaw puddle, poolçal?yk exchange,interchangeçal?yrgyç shift (of work)çal?yrmak 1. to exchange;barter 2. to confuse, mixupçal?yrynmak to changeone's clothesçalt quickly, rapidlyçaltlandyrmak toaccelerate; speedçaltlyk quickness,swiftness, rapidityçalykmak to dry up, witherçalym etmek to resembleçaly?ma 1. exchange 2.pronounçaly?mak 1. to exchange;barter 2. to vary, alternate3. to try for, strive for 4. tobe replaced, relievedçaman lazy, idle, sluggishçanak 1. cup 2. kneecapçanaklyk pelvisçañ dustçañamak to get dustyçañjarmak to get dustyçaññalak to become dustyçap etme publicationçap etmek to publishçap seal, stampçapady chapatiçapak I. cotton II.çapçy printerçapgy chopper, smallhammerçapgyn sharp, biting,piercingçaphana printing plantçapmak I. 1. to skip, hop,gallop, race 2. to runaround, avoid II. to chopçapyk 1. fallen tree 2. scarçapyksuwar equestriançapy?mak to compete with;strive to overpassçapy?yk raceçaramak : ba?yñyçaramak to inquire,consultçarh 1. spinning wheel 2.wheelçarkandak holeçarlak sea gullçarpaÿa galmak to standon endçarpmak to clapçarpy?yk : elçarpy?yk applauseçarsenbe Wednesdayçar?ak 1. pitchfork 2. forkçar?enbe Wednesdayçarwa nomadçarwadçylyk transcience(the state of being anomad)çasly loud, greatçaslyk bandy-leggedçasowoÿ r. by the hour, bythe clockçasy slanting, oblique;squinty-eyedçasyrmak 1. to pitch a tent,spread out, set up 2. toknock down, overthrow 3.to knock unconsciousça?mak 1. to disperse,break up 2. to come apart,fall to pieces 3. to lose,waste 4. to be lost, wastedçat split, crack, creviceçatak difficultçatalba anat. sacrumçatlamak to burst, crackup, split opençatma hut, tentçatmak 1. to sew,embroider 2. to tietogether, connect, bind 3.to snatch, grasp, seizeçatryk crossroadsçatynja = täzeçatynja newlywedsçawmak to ricochetçaÿ I. tea II. small river,creekçaÿ-çörek mealçaÿhana tea-houseçaÿkamak 1. to rinse out2. to rinse, gargle 3. torock, swing, shakeçaÿkamak to rinseçaÿkanmak to stagger,lurchçaÿke? tea-loverçaÿlamak to water, givedrinkçaÿmak to cover, coatçaÿ?armak to bend, todistortçaÿ?yk bandy-leggedçaÿyr bot. chayirçebis kidçeb?ek little bunnyçek check : çek boÿunçatölemek = to pay by checkçekankalamak to mint,coin, chaseçekdirme chekdirme, atraditional Turkmen meatdishçekelemek 1. to torment,torture 2. to pesterçekele?ik discussion,dispute, controversyçekele?mek to dispute,argue, quarrelçeker sliding box, drawerçekge cheek-boneçekiç hammerçekilmek 1. to step back,fall back, retreat 2. toreduce diminish, grow less3. to grow leançekimiz agreeable,harmoniousçekimli publicçekimli ses vowelçekimsiz ses consonantçekinmede feel free to...çekinmek 1. to feel shy,embarrassed 2. to beafraidçekirtge locustçekis hammerçekisme discussion, debateçeki?me etmek to debateçeki?meler debateçekize chekize: a commonmilk product resemblingcream cheese, but moresourçekmek I. 1. to pull, draw,tow 2. to carry, drag, pull3. to last : Examinler biraÿa çekdi = The examtook one month 4. to lead,conduct 5. to drag in,involve 6.7. to smoke 8. to getprocure 9. to be like,resemble 10. to carry,bear, bring 11. to draw apicture, make a design II.to hang up; weighçekremek to bleatçelek cask, tunçelgi landmark

Turkmen/English Dictionary 9çelpek r.çem successful moment,good eventçemçe spoonçeme convenient situation?çemedan r. suitcaseçemelenmek to prepare,trainçemele?mek to approach,go up to, arrive, começemeli 1. convenient,comfortable 2. exemplary,approximate 3. apparently,evidentlyçemen 1. banquet wreath2. meadowçemesiz inconvenient,uncomfortableçempion r. championçempionat r.championshipçen 1. situation 2. time 3.measure, degree, wayçendan sometimes,occasionally, here andthereçendana?a excessiveçenemek 1. to take aim at2. to threatençenemek to chewçenlemek to suppose,assume, plançenli untilçensiz immeasurable,immenseçeññek hook, crochetneedleçep left, left sideçepbekeÿ southpaw, lefthandedpersonçeper 1. skilled, skillful 2.artful 3. eloquentçeper eser fictionçeperçilik mastery, artçeperlik masteryçepiksi scrawny, skin-andbonesçerkes r. Circassian(ethnicity)çermekçermemek to turn up, tuckupçernil r. purpleçertÿor r. draft, mechanicaldrawingçe?me 1. key 2. spring,sourceçe?me sourceçet I. 1. border, edge,boundary 2. fringe II.foreignçetin difficultçetle?dirmek to isolate, toinsulateçetle?mek to be isolated,insulatedçeÿe flexible, pliableçeÿelik flexibilityçeÿnemek 1. to chew 2. tobiteçäç agri. yield (of grain)çäge sandçägesöw ÿer a place withsandy soilçäk 1. border 2. a definitepartçäklendirmek to organizeçäklenmek to be organized,arranged, outlinedçäksiz boundless, limitlessçäkÿaka collor of a boy'straditional Turkmen shirtçäre punishmentçäresiz forced, of necessityçärÿek quarterçä?ermek to lie, be stillçäÿnek teapotçäÿnik teapotçig 1. damp, moist 2.unripe, immature 3. crude,raw : çig mal = naturalresourcesçigildem tulipçigilmek to get tied up inknotsçigin I. shoulder, back II.lot, destinyçigit sunflower seed : çigitÿag = sunflower oilçigmal raw materialsçigmek 1. to get tied up,stuck in a knot 2. to getentangled, confused,perplexedçigrek rime, mistçigreklemek to catch acoldçigremek 1. to becomechilly 2. to become warmçikge corner of the eyeçil borderçilik "chilik", a children'sgameçilim cigaretteçilimke? smokerçili?irmek to cross one'slegsçintgemek to inquire, toaskçiñe steadfastçiñerilmek to stareçiñrik reed, cane : ?ekerçiñrik = sugar caneçirkeÿ mosquito; mothçirkin shrill, penetrating,piercingçirkizmek to roast; fryçirtmek 1. to pinch, totweak 2. to cut, inciseçisme inflammationçismek 1. to inflate, swell2. to inflate, puff outçisñemek to drizzleçisñi drizzle, frostçi? I. swelling, tumor II. 1.spit 2.çi?ik thick, large, big, stout,fatçi?irmek to inflate, to swellçi?lik shish-kebobçi?me inflammationçi?mek to become inflamedçit 1. chinze, cotton 2.adj. cottonçitgitlemek to crack; chewnuts, seedsçitim connection, knotçitmek to tie together,bend, connectçlen r. member, limb,article, partçlenlik r, membershipçog heat, sultrinessçogdan tuft, shred, ragçogmak to flow, pour,spreadçokalamak to peckçokaÿ chokai, Turkmenleather shoesçokmak to peck, pick, biteçola 1. secluded 2.unpopulatedçolak crippleçolamak 1. to wrap up dropin 2. to wrap upçolarmak to becomeempty, desertedçola?mak 1. to getconfused, mixed up 2. tobecome entangledçolpy ladleçoluk shepherd boyçommalmak to squat,curtsyçommaltmak 1. to protrude2. to poke, jab, thrustçonak lacking one or moretoes or fingersçopan shepherdçopançilik shepherdhoodçopantelpek camomille

Turkmen/English Dictionary 10çor dirt, mudçorba soupçorlamak to get dirtyçotga r. brushçotgalamak r. 1. to clean2. to brush, to brush offçowdary ryeçowlamak I. to sharpen II.to burn, scorch, singeçowluk great-grandsonçoÿmak to warm up, heatçoÿun r. cast iron, madeof cast ironçoÿunmak to heatçozmak 1. to advance 2. todash, rushçöke dü?mek to sit on theknees, to kneelçökermek to kneelçöket low, lowerçöketlik lowlands, hollowçökmek 1. to sink, fall,come down, go down 2. tosubside, settle 3. to bendone's knees 4. to sit down,board, get intoçökündi 1. sediment,aftertaste 2. deposit(geological)çöl desertçöp 1. stick 2.çöpboÿa bot. chopboiaçöpleme 1. (burning) chip,spill 2. brushwoodçöplemek to pick upçöplemek to pick up,gather, collectçöpür goat woolçör lowçörlek bread (also "food" ingeneral)çö?lemek used in ÿumagygö?lemekçöwre back, inside, wrongsideçöwrülmek 1. to turn insideout 2. to turn over,overturnçöz anat. mesenteryçözgüt decision, resolutionçözlemek to untangleçözmek 1. to untie,unleash, loosen 2. tosolve, decide, resolveçözülmek 1. to come untied2. to be resolvedçözü? solutionçugutmak to roll up, curl upçukanak holeçukur I. hole, pit, dungeonII. 1. deep, profound, low2. hollow, sunkençukuralmak 1. to extend,make more profuse, makedeeper 2. to sink, to growhollowçukurlyk hole, pitçuñ deepçuñalmak to make deeper,to become more profound,extensiveçuñaltmak to deepençuñla?mak to deepengraduallyçuñluk depth, remotenessçuññur profoundçuñsamak to shriek, yelpçus swift-footedçuw adjectival intesifier :ÿumagy gö?lemek =çuwal chuwal, Turkmensackçuwa? r. Chugach(nationality)çülpe small, tinyçümdürmek 1. to putinside, to stick into 2. toimmerse, sink into, plungeçümhörek legible,discernible, fastidiousçümhöreklik legibility,scrupulousnessçümmek 1. to thrust, toplunge, to transfix 2. to beabsorbed in, lost inçümmük pinchçümmüklemek to pinch, totweakçüm?üldi a tickle, a strangefeeling on the skinçümürmek to soakçünki because, thereforeçüñk 1. corner, angle, nook2. beak, billçüpremek to degenerateçür depesi 1. top, crest 2.the highest ranksçürelmek to taperçüri conical, crestedçürt-kesik bluntly;categoricallyçürü?mek to wither, shrivel,shrinkçüwde buttçüwdürmek to stream,flow, runçüwek to drive, transport,pullçüÿ nailçüÿlemek to nailçüÿremek to rotçüÿrük rotten, putridçüÿrüklik rottennessçüÿrüntgi humusçüÿ?e 1. glass, pane 2.bottleçyban boil, furnucleçyb?yldy rustle (noise)çyb?yrlamak to rustle (tomake a rustling noise)çybyk rod, switchçybyklamak 1. to cut up,chop, cleave 2. to whip,flogçybyn mosquitoçydam patienceçydamak 1. to suffer,endure, withstand 2. totolerate, to bear 3. tosnatch, grab, seizeçydamly 1. tolerant;bearable 2. solid, firm,lastingçydamlylyk 1. tolerance 2.durabilityçydamsyz 1. impatient 2.intolerantçyg moistureçygjarmak to wet ordampen slightlyçygly moist, raw, wet,humid, dampçyglyk moistness, humidity,dampnessçyg?yldamak to rustle (tomake a rustling noise)çyg?yldy rustle (noise)çygylmak to grieve, long forçygyrmak to cry out, bawl,lament, wailçykalga exitçykan cousinçykarmak 1. to take out,pull at 2. to take off, strip,undress 3. to let out,release 4. to dismiss,discard 5. to publish, edit,put out 6. to manufacture,produce 7. to get, obtain,procure 8. to display,expose 9. to dislocate,sprain 10. to remove,transferçykdajy expenditure, debtçykdaÿjy expenseçykgynsyz 1. continual 2.desperate, hopelessçykmak 1. to exit, to leave2. to go, set off 3. to climbup, into 4. to utter, emit 5.to result in 6. to turn out,

Turkmen/English Dictionary 11be found 7. to meet 8. toleave, withdraw, drop out9. to originate, eminate10. to dislocate, sprain :gap?y çykmak = to oppose: ÿatdan çykmak = toforgetçykyrynmak to take off, tostripçyky?etmek to perform,make a speechçyky? speech, presentationçykyw addressçylgym strip, streakçylka filletçylpyk pusçylpyklamak to festerçyl?yrymla?dyrmak to becomplicatedçyl?yrymla?mak to becomecomplicatedçyl?yrymly complex,complicatedçym : Çym-çym etme! =Don't be shy! (used whensomeone is eating little)çyn trueçyn ÿürekden sincerelyçynar plane treeçynlakaÿ in earnest,seriouslyçynÿürekde?lik sincerityçyp noise from eating?çypar red, sorrelçypdyrma lie, falsehoodçyplak lightly dressed, withlight baggageçyplañ lightly dressed, withlight baggageçyra lampçyrçyk sicknessçyrçyklamak to fall illçyrlamak to wind around,embrace withçyrmamak to wrap upçyrma?mak to plait, braidçyrma?yk ivyçyrpmak I. to mint, coin II.to rinse, gargleçyrpynmak 1. to wind,wiggle, twist, meander 2.to roar, rage, stormçyrryldamak to whistleçyrryldyy a whistleçyr?ak dirt, mudçyr?amak 1. to smear, torub in, to spreadçytala?mak to try, toendeavor, to striveçytmak to knit the browns,to frown, to wrinkleçytyk 1. gloomy, sullen,cloudy (personal) 2.gloomy, dark (weather)çyzgmak to turn up, to tuckupçyzgy 1. drawing 2.drawing, draft, noteçyzgyç ruler (for geometry)çyzmak to draw, designçyzmyk stripeçyzyk line, trait, featureDdaban sole (of foot)dabara celebration,ceremonydabaralanmak to celebrate,observe a ceremonydabaraly ceremonialdadyrmak to tastedag mountaindagatmat to scatterdaglamak 1. to grill 2. tobranddagly mountain-dwellerdagy else, what else : Dagyzat tapmadyñmy? = Didn'tyou find anything else?dagy-duwara from now on,henceforwarddagynyk uncoordinated,odddahylly important, relevant: Bu saña dahylly däl =This doesn't concern youdakmak to put on : Olbarmagyña ÿüzük dakdy= She put the ring on herfingerdakynmak to weardalak med. spleendalan veranda, porchdalbar summer-housedalçyn carnationdalda help, aiddaljykmak to pant, be outof breathdamak throatdamar vein, artery, nerve :gan damar = blood vesseldamdyk small drop (i.e. ofwater)damja dropdamjalamak to dripdammak to drip : Damadamaköl bolar, hiçdammasa - çöp bolar ˜Drop by drop makes alake, but not a drop makesa desertdaniÿaly Danishdanmak to tie, fastendañ atmak to dawndañ dawndañdan at dawndañdanky adj. earlymorning

Turkmen/English Dictionary 12dañmak 1. to tie 2. to wraparounddañy tether, tiedar narrowdarak combdaraklyk toesdaralmak to shrinkdaramak to combdartgynly tense, intensedartmak to tugdary milletdarykmak to worryda? I. far II. 1. exterior 2.yard, outside area 3. cover(i.e. of a book) III. [a:]stoneda?-töwerek vicinity,surroundingsda?amak to carryda?ary 1. outside 2.externalda?ary ÿurt dili foreignlanguageda?de?en woodpeckerda?gyn above, beyondda?ky outside, outerda?lamak to stone, throwstones atda?la?dyrmak to remove,extractda?ly stony, rockyda?lykdaky remoteda?mak to overflowda?yndan besides, inaddition todat-bidat! help!datmak to tastedavaÿ r. "Come on! Let's!"dawa conflict, argumentdawala?mak to arguedawaly argumentativedaÿamak to prop updaÿanç supportdaÿaw strong, healthydaÿhan peasant (oftenused to replacethe Russian"kolhoznik" , meaning"collective farmer")daÿy uncledaÿza 1. aunt 2. ma'amdazarylmak to come downhard on someone, gettough withdazlamak to rush, speedalongdebsilmek to spurdegerli 1. persuasive,convincing 2. efficaciousdegirmek to concern, affectdegirmen mill : degirmenda?y = millstonedegi?gen jokerdegi?li bolmak to belongdegi?li concerning, inrelation todegi?mek to jokedegmek 1. to touch 2. tobump against 3. fig. toaffect, bother, play with :Gowusy, sen mañadegme! = You'd better notmess with me!dek I. still, unmoving II.like, as : Bu burç dek ajy= This is hot as a pepperdekabr r, Decemberdekada r, decadedekan r, deandekrek r, decreedel unusual, strangedelegat r, delegatedelegatsiÿa r, delegationdelil evidence, casedelillendirmek to presentevidence, make a casedellek barberdellekhana barber shopdem almak to breathedem breath, vapor :demiñizi goÿberiñ! =Please exhale!dem-dynç a break, a restdemgysma asthmademikmek to gasp, breathheavilydemir iron : demir ÿol =railroaddemirgazyk northdemirgazykgünbatarnorthwestdemirgazykgündogarnortheastdemlemek to boil (water fortea) : Çaÿ demleÿärin =I'm making teademokratik r. democraticdemokratsiÿa r.democracydemrew herpes (includes allherpes family diseases,such as psoriasis, shingles,and ringworm)deñ the same, equal :Boÿlary deñ agaçlar =The trees are the sameheightdeñdu? person of the sameage, peerdeñe-deñ the samedeñeç until : Biz giçag?ama deñeç oturdyk =We sat until late in theeveningdeñemek 1. to check(against, with) 2. to try ondeñe?dirmek to check(against, with)deñiz ocean, seadeñizçi sailordeñlemek to make even, toeven outdeñlik equalitydeñsizlik inequalitydepder notebookdepderçe little bookdepe 1. top 2. hill, knoll 3.can be used as apreposition : Depämizdensamolÿot uçup geçdi = Aplane flew by above usdepelemek to trampledepgilemek to trampledepgip pacedepjemek to stitchdepmek to kickdeprek drumdeprenmek to get a kickout of, be taken withdeputat r. deputyder sweatdere valleyderegine instead of : Ol özkitabyñ derigine da?gabiriniñ kitabyny aldy = Hetook a different bookinstead of his owndereje degree, extentderek I. information II. inplace of III. bot. poplarderekli informativedereksiz 1. uninformative2. unmotivatedderi skin, leatherderkar necessaryderlemek to sweatderman medicinedermanhana drugstoredermanlamak to spinkle,sprayderñew examination,analysisderñewçi examinerderrew at once, right now :Muny derrew etmeli =This needs to be done atonceders I. lesson II. manuredert ill

Turkmen/English Dictionary 13derwaÿys vital, urgent,importantderweze gatederÿa riverdesga structuredesse bunch, clump : güldesseçi = a bouquet offlowersdessine just as, as soon asdessur tradition, customde?ik 1. hole 2. full of holes: de?ik halta = sack withmany holes 3. gapde?irmek to check against,withde?mek to make a hole,puncturedäde uncle, father (Balkandialect)däl notdäli crazy: däli bolmak =to go crazydäliremek to go crazydäne 1. seed, pit; grain,kernel 2. bunch, groupdänmek 1. to deny 2. toretract (ie. one's words)däp traditiondäp-dessur traditiondialekt r. dialectdidar face: Men seniñdidaryña zar ˜ I miss youdidivan gun-sight, gunscopedigden eklemek to trembledigir graindiglemek to shudderdik steep; perpendiculardikdü?di obstinatedikelmek 1. to straightenoneself; raise oneselfdikeltmek 1. to straighten,to set straightdikmek to dig indiktant r. dictationdiktatura r. dictatorshipdiktor r. radio-announcerdil 1. toungue 2. language3. pointer, indicator (ie. ona gauge)dilden orallydildüw?ük plot, conspiracydileg prayerdilemek 1. to ask 2. towish 3. to praydilewar 1. witty 2. witdilik etmek to slitdilik n. slit; slice; cutdilim slice; segmentdillenmek to say somethingdille?mek to make said; tocome to the pointdilmek to cut; slicedin religiondindar religious; faithfuldini religiousdiñ emphatic preposition:Ol diñ arkan ÿykyldy = Hefell flat (directly) on hisbackdiñ salmak to overhear; tohear aboutdiñe onlydiñir genmek to ponder,meditate ondiñlemek to listendiñleÿji listener; audiencediñleÿmek 1. to listen 2. tooverheardiñmek to become calm;grow quiet; ceasediñ?irgemek to listen todiplom r. diplomadiplomatic r. diplomaticdireg strut, brace, propdirektor r. directordirelmek to come to lifediremek to prop up; bracedirenmek to be propped up;c=braceddiri alivedirijÿor r. conductor (of aband or orchestra)diriligene alivedirili? resurrectiondispanser r. clinicdispetçer r. dispatcherdissertatsiÿa r.dissertationdi? tooth : Di?agyrysy =toothachedi?lemek 1. to bite 2. tohave a bite, eat a littlediversiÿa r. sabotagedivisiÿa r. division(military)diwar walldiÿen ÿaly almostdiÿmek 1. to say: Muñanäme diÿÿärler? = What'sthis called? 2. to mean, tosignify; to implydizel r. dieseldodak lipdoga from birthdoga okamak to praydogan brotherdogan-garynda? relativedoganlyk brotherhooddoganoglan cousindoglan güni birthdaydoglu? birthdogmak to rise (of the sun)dogralmak to bestraightened updograltmak to straightenupdograma dograma, a dishmade of stuffing, onions,and sheep's head ,sometimes made into soupdogramak to cut to piecesdogruçyl honest, sinceredogruçyllyk sinceritydogruda concerningdogrudan true, reallydogrulamak to direct, aimatdogrusy in truth, trulydogry 1. true 2. exact 3.straight 4. righteous,uprightdogulmak to be borndogumly determineddogurmak to give birthdok full, satisfieddokalmak to be wovendokamak to weavedokçulyk prosperitydoklad r. reportdokluk satisfactiondokma weaving, carpetmaking: dokma fabrigi =carpet factorydoktor r. doctordokument r. documentdokuz ninedokuzynjy ninthdoky Belugiandolag wrapperdolak leg-wrappingsdolama ground meatwrapped in cabbagedolamak 1. to wrap, bind2. to turn, double backdolandyrmak to manage,controldolandyrys managementdolanmak to come backdoldurgyç gram. object :göni baglanÿandoldurgyç = direct object :gytaklaÿyn baglanÿandoldurgyç = indirect objectdoldurmak to filldolmak to be filleddoly I. hail II. [o:] full(y),filled; thick; completedomma quiet, reserved

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14don robe (traditionalTurkmen)doñ frozendoñaklyk freeze, frostdoñan rigid, frozendoñdurma ice-creamdoñdurmak to freezedoñmak to be frozendoñuz pigdor bay (color of a horse)dos used in superlatives:dos-doly = completely fulldost friend, friendly (maleor neuter)dost-ÿar friendsdostla?mak to becomefriendsdostluk friendshipdotsent r. doccentdowam etmek to continuedowamynda duringdowan length, course (oftime)dowanly lengthydowar livestock(specifically: sheeps,goats, and small cattle)dowul panicdowzah helldoÿa until satisfied : Mendoÿa iÿdim = I ate until Iwas fulldoÿmak to eat one's fill,stuff oneself: Mendoÿdym = I'm full, I'vestuffed myselfdoÿurmak to fill (an animal)with fooddökmek 1. to spill 2. toleakdökülmek 1. to be pouredout 2. to drop : Agaçlaryñÿapaklary dökülÿär =Leaves fall from the treesdökün manure, nightsoildökünlemek to fertilizedömmek to tear off a piecedöndermek to flip overdönmek 1. to be flippedover 2. to switch over, turn: Bu gün howa gy?a döndi= Today the weatherturned wintrydönük traitor, turn-coatdönüklik treacherydördünji fourthdörediji creatordöredijilik creationdöremek to arise, spring updöretme creationdöretmek to createdöretmek to start, create,founddörjemek to dig intodörmek to search, digaround fordört fourdörtlük a four, a "B" studentdörü?dirmek to turn overdös pile, heapdö? breastdöw I. set, match II. giant;demondöwek threshing : döwekdöwmek = to threshdöwlet 1. government 2.richness, goodnessdöwmek to breakdöwründe duringdöwük brokendöwülgiç fragiledöwülmek to breakdöwüm piece, lump, portiondöwür 1. epoch 2. period,timedöwürde? contemporary(said of a person)döwürleÿin periodicdözmek to be uncaringdözümli hardy, staunchdözümsiz sympathetic,compassionatedrama r. dramaduçar bolmak to be facedwithduk mixed updul 1. place of respect 2.widowerdul aÿal widowduldeg?ir near, neighborly :duldeg?ir bolup ÿa?amak= to be a neighbor to, livenearduluk cheekduman fog, mist, hazedumanlamak to grow foggydumanly foggy, misty :dumanly daglar = mistymountainsdura-bara gradually,continuallyduralga stop (as in bus ortaxi stop)durdugyça gradually,continuallydurlamak to clear, makestilldurmak 1. to stand, be still2. to be (used to expresscost or fixed state) 3. usedas a modal verb toexpress a state of being orcontinual action: Ol gülüpdurÿar = She's smiling,she's been smilingdurmu? life, existencedurmu?a çykan married (ofa girl)durmu?a çykmak to marry(of a girl)durna crane (bird)durnukly solid, stabledurnuklylyk stabilitydur?una entirelyduruzmak to make a stop,to stopdury puredu?bolmak to be faced withsomethingdu?gelmek to meet, cometodu? I. [u:] close to : Oldu?una bardy = He wentcloser II. r. showerdu?ak fettersdu?enbe Mondaydu?ly closelydu?mak to meet, encounterdu?man enemydu?mançylyk animositydu?u?mak to meet,encounterdu?u?yk meeting, encounterdutar dutar, a traditionalTurkmen instrument whichis two-stringed, lookssomewhat like a mandolinand has a twangy soundduw superlative affiz: duwak= the whitest,completely whiteduÿdansyz sudden,reflexiveduÿdurmak 1. to warn 2.to portend 3. to informduÿdury? warningduÿguda? sympatheticduÿguda?lyk sympathyduÿgur impressionable,perceptive, sensualduÿgy sense, feelingduÿmak to feelduz saltduzak snareduzlamak to saltduzly salty : duzsuz bolsaatarsyñ, duzly bolsanädersiñ! = If it's not salty,you can add salt; if it's

Turkmen/English Dictionary 15salty, there's nothing youcan do!dükan shop, store; stalldükürdemek 1. to stomp2. to make an indistinctnoisedükürdetmek to stompdüme dry-farmingdümew 1. virus, commoncold 2. fludümewlemek to have acolddünderilmek to turnupside-down, flip-flopdündermek to turn over,flipdünÿewi secular, worldlydünÿä inmek to be borndünÿä world, globedünÿäden ötmek to diedüññürdemek to jingledür pearldürbi binocularsdürli diverse, differentdürli-dürli different, variousdürs correctdürs jogap bermek toanswer correctlydürsemek used in theconstruction: özüñidürsemek = to get welldürtgüç stamp for breaddürtme gürsak bluntdürtmek to poke, proddü?bi cleverdü?bülik clevernessdü?ek 1. bed, bedding 2.cushion, mattressdü?ekçe mattressdü?elge stopping place,campdü?emek 1. to spread out2. to pavedü?ewünt profitdü?ewüntli profitabledü?lemek to make a stopdü?mek 1. to descend,dismount, come down(from) 2. to fall 3. tocome into, upon 4. usedfiguratively like the English"to fall": howsala dü?mek= to fall into a panicdü?nükli clear,understandabledü?nüksiz unclear, notunderstandabledü?üm gram. case :Türkmendilinde altydü?üm bar = The Turkmenlanguage has six casesdü?ündiri? explanationdü?ündiri?li explanatorydü?ündirmek to explaindü?üni?mek to understandeach otherdü?ünje 1. notion 2.explanationdü?ünjeli knowledgabledü?ünmek I. to understandII. to swimdü?ürmek to help off, to setdowndüwme jangles, little bellsdüwmek to knotdüwülmek to be knotteddüwünçek little knotdüwünmek to choke ondüwürtik pimple, blackheaddüÿbünden absolutelydüÿe cameldüÿegu? ostrichdüÿn yesterdaydüÿnki yesterday'sdüÿp 1. bottom 2. base 3.root 4. bush 5. essencedüÿpgöter forever, onceand for alldüÿpleÿin forever, onceand for alldüÿpli essential,fundamentaldüÿrlemek to roll updüÿ? dreamdüÿ?görmek to have adreamdüÿ?ürgemek to dreamdüÿt sootdüz etmek to repair, menddüz I. 1. plains, flatlands2. flat, smooth II. 1.straight 2. rightdüzedi? ammendmentdüzelmek to be rectifieddüzetmek to set straight, torectifydüzgün rule, orderdüzgün-nyzam order,disciplinedüzgün-tertip order,disciplinedüzgünle?dirmek to set inorderdüzgünnama position,orderingdüzlük plains, flatlandsdüzme composition, essaydüzmek 1. to string, tothread 2. to gather 3. tocomposedüzüji compiler, composerdüzüm composition, makeupdüzüwli composed, orderly,welldwigatel r. engine, motordÿadÿa r. uncledyglamak to shudderdykgat attentiondykmak to stuff; to jam indykny?mak to be pushed indykny?yk jam; crush;crowdingdyky cork; stopperdykylmak 1. to put in 2. fig.to nose around in, to buttintodykyz packed, densedykyzlanmak to get packeddym superlative affizdymjykmak to spoil, go baddymmak to be quiet, toshut updym?yk silencedymyk humiddynç 1. rest; relaxation 2.peace; stillnessdynç almak to take a rest,vacationdyndarmak to get out of; toescapedyngy pausedyngysyz without a break,non-stopdynmak 1. to finish 2. toget out ofdynman without a break,non-stopdyr-pytrak bolmak to beparted; separateddyrja?mak to try, attemptdyrmak rakedyrma?mak to climbdyrmyk rakedyrnaçak scratch; abrasiondyrnaçaklamak to scratchdyrnak 1. nail (of a finger ortoe) 2. clawdyz kneedyzamak to be bursting,strainingdyzmaç frisky, hot to trot

Turkmen/English Dictionary 16Eebedi eternalebedile?dirmek toimmortalizeebedilik 1. eternity 2.eternalebeteÿ approachedara etmek to manageedara office; institutionedebi literaryedebiÿat literatureedebiÿatçy man of letterseden-etdilik arbitrariness;despotism; tyrranyedenli business-like; expertedep breeding; politenessedepli well-bred, politeedeplilik politenessedepsiz uncultured;impoliteedepsizlik impoliteness;unculturednessedermen braveedermenlik valouredähet manneredil I. as such II.exact,exactlyedilen made ofedilmek to be made ofedip bilmek to be able todoedrenç uglyeffekt r. effectefiop r. Ethiopianegelenmek to surroundeger (de) ifegin shoulderegin-e?ik clotheseginba? clothingeginde? 1. person of sameage 2. brother -in- armsegirmek to spinegismek to reduce; todiminisheglemek to delay; detain;hold upeglenmek to be delayed;detainedegli?ik concessionegmek 1. to bend; stoop;bow 2. to curve; foldegrelmek to be bent; foldedegri bent; crookedegriji spinneregrilik curvatureegsilmez innumerableejap shameeje motherejelik motherhoodejir martyrejiz feeble, weak, smallbonedejizlemek to tire; becomeenervatedekabyr 1. senior; older;higher 2. powerful; mighty;intenseekdi tameeken really (emphatic word)Bu nahar örän süÿjieken=this food is reallytastyekeni ekenekerançylyk agriculture;farmingekin cropekipazh r. creweki? sowingekiz twineklemek to contain, hold,look for, maintaineklenç meanseklenmek to earnekleÿji breadwinnerekmek to plantekplutasiÿa r. exploitationekran r. screenekskawator r. excavatorekspedisiÿa r. expedition,dispatch officeeksperiment r.experimentalekspertizia r. expertise,opinioneksplutatirlemek r. toexploiteksponat r. exhibitioneksponirlemek r. to exhibit,exposeeksport r. exporteksportirlemek r. to exportekzamen r. examinationekzemplÿar r. to copy,specimenel çarpmak to applaud,clapel handelbetde of courseeldek tame (same as ekdi)ele almak to know deeplyelek sieveelek-çelek gözüni elekçelek etmek = to stare atelektrifikasiÿa r.electrificationelektrifisirlemek to electrifyelektrik r. electrikelektrostansiÿa r. powerstationelemek to siftelement r. elementelementar r. elementaryele?an torn, tatteredelgarama dependentelhenç 1. terrible, frightful,dreadful 2. powerful, verystrongelim glueelin self, ownelipbiÿ alphabeteljiremek 1. to mince, beprim 2. t loll, loungeellemek to handleellemek to touch, handleelle?mek to shake handselli fiftyellik gloveelmydam alwayselmydama alwayseltmek to deliver, hand,bringelujundan etmek to doelÿaglyk handkerchiefelÿeter inaccessible, out ofreachem medicineemaÿ bilen with caution,with careemblema r. emblememdirmek to feed, nurseemedeklemek to crawlemeli artificial, falseemelsiz awkward, unskilledemelsizlik awkwardnessemenmek to covetemgek 1. illness, sickness2. torment, agony, painemgemek to take pains, tomake an effortemgenmek to toil, workhard, exert oneselfemjek 1. breast, bosom 2.udderemläk property, belongingsemma butemmek to suckemzik dummy, dollenaÿy good, favorableençeme many, a lotendam bodyendigan uniform, equalendiganlamak to level,straighten, clipendik habitendiremek to tremble,shake, quiver

Turkmen/English Dictionary 17ene dili mothertongueene grandmotherene-atalar parentsenegiÿa r. energyeneke nanaenjam equipmentenjamla?dyrmak to equip,outfitensiklopediÿa r.encyclopediaentegem still, yetentek still, yet, as yetentemek 1. to wander 2. toroamentäk still, yetentreklemek 1. to wander2. to roamentuziazm r. enthusiasmeña?ak lowering, descent,slopeeñek chineñmek to rush, hurry, bedirectedeññit slope, pitcheñremek to cry, weepeñtermek 1. to pour out 2.to fell 3. to fall in 4. tochaseepeÿ 1. respectable 2. highflown, bombasticepigraf r. epigraphepilmek 1. to wrinkle 2. tocurve, bend, bowepin pleat, fold, crease,wrinkleepizod r. episodeeplemek to foldeplenmek to fold, bend,curve (on one's own)epmek to bend, curve, foldera r. eraerbet baderbetlemek to deteriorate,turn for the worseerbetle?mek to deteriorateerbetlik badnesseremek to melt, thawergin solutionerik apricoterjel persistenterjellik persistence,perseveranceerk freeerkana free, unrestricted,easyerkek 1. man 2. malecamelerkin 1. free 2. freely,unrestrictedlyerkinlik freedomermeni r. Armanianerñek edge, rimersmek 1. to build firmly,solidly 2. to be firm, soliderteki fairy tale, storyertir 1. morning 2.tomorrowertirlik breakfastertirlik nahar breakfast(morning meal)esas base, basis,foundationesasan basically, with basisesasanlamak to befounded on,based onesaslsandyrmak to foundesassyz unfounded, withoutbasisesasy basicesbap 1. tool, instrument2. grant, relief, dole, benefiteser written work,composition, thesis, writingeserdeñ sensitive, vigilanteserdeñlik keennessesetmek 1. to look at,examine, inspect 2. tonurse, care for, look afteresger soldieresgerlik position, locationesgi rageskalator r. escalatoreskiz r. sketchesli considerable, largeessalawmaleÿkim formalgreetingesse time (x)estafeta r. relay raceestetik r. aestheticestetika r. aestheticsestrada r. stage, platforme?ek donkeye?ik clothese?ikler clothese?itmek to heare?ret well-being, prosperitye?retli blessedet meatetazh r. floor, story ofbuildingetek lap, skirtetli of meat, meatyetli-ganly full-bloodedetmek to do, to make, toproduceetmi? offenseetrap geographical regionetÿud r. etudeeÿ-waÿ oh!eÿ-wäk ouch!eÿe bolmak to owneÿe ownereÿeçilik ownershipeÿelemek 1. to capture 2.to conquer 3. to gain,occupy, employeÿelik etmek to keep houseeÿer saddleeÿerlemek to saddleeÿermek 1. to follow, ensue2. to be led 3. to imitate,copyeÿgermek to inquire about,askeÿgilik well-being,prosperity, happinesseÿikmek to grow strongereÿjelik prettyeÿle like that, as sucheÿleki different, others, theotherseÿlemek 1. to tan 2. tokneadeÿmenç older, senioreÿmenmek to fear, beafraideÿwan verandaeÿÿam I. already II. eraezenek lazyezilmek 1. to get wet 2. tomoisten 3. to be oppressedeziz dearezmek 1. to wet, moisten,soak 2. to opressezÿet martyr

Turkmen/English Dictionary 18Ää ah! I see!äbermek to give, serve,render, get readyädik bootädikçi shoemakerädim footstepädimlemek to step, marchägä: äga bolmak to becarefu;ägirt 1.huge 2.veryäheñ toneähey yo, hi (greeting)ähä ah!, I see!ählepus dunce, knownothingähli all, the whole, fullählihalk nationwideählumumy universal,generalähmiÿet meaning,significance, importanceähmiÿetli significant,considerableäht vow, pledge, promiseähtibar 1. reliable,dependable 2. authenticähtimal possiblyähtiÿalanlyk treachery,perfidyäkitmek to carry, take awayäklemek to bring, deliverälem worldälem-jahan universe, worldälemgo?ar rainbowäñ lower jawäñetmek 1. to look at 2. tolook overäpet mighty, powerful, hugeäpi?ge windowär husbandär-aÿal married coupleäsgermek to consider,regardäsgermezçilik neglect,disdainäsgermezlik neglect,disdainä?gär open, obvious,evidentä?gärlik openness,obviousnessäti?gir railroad pliers, tongsätiÿaç caution, heedätiÿaçly cautious, carefulätlemek 1. to step 2. tocross, transgressätmek to stepäwmek to feel, react,respond toäwmezlik slowness,tardiness (?)äwül-säwül by chance (?)äÿnek glasses, spectaclesFfabrik factoryfakt r. factfakultÿet r. facultyfamiliÿa r. surnamefaner r. plywood, veneerfantastika r. fantastic,imaginaryfantaziÿa r. imagination;fantasyfarfor r. china; porcelinfartuk r. apronfason r. stylefederasiÿa r. federationfederatiw r. federative;federalfehtowaniÿe r. fencingfeldsher r. medicalassistantfelÿeton r. feuilletonferma r. farmfestiwal r. festivalfewral r. Februaryfeÿerwerk r. fireworkfilarmoniÿa r.philharmonicfilm r. filmfilologik r. philologicfilologiÿa r. philologyfilosofik r. philosophicfilosofiÿa r. philosophyfin r. Finnfinal r. final; finalefirma r. firmfizika r. physicsfiziki r. physicistflot r. fleetfond r. fundfonetik r. phoneticfonetika r. phoneticsfontan r. fountainforma r. uniformformal r. formalformat r. size; formformula r. formulaformulirlemek r. toformulateformulirowka r.formulationforografilemek r. tophotographfortoçka r. window leafforum r. forumfotoapparat r. camerafotografiÿa r. photographfoÿe r. foyer; lobby

Turkmen/English Dictionary 19fraseologik r. phraseologicfraseologiÿa r.phraseologyfront r. frontfundament r. foundation;basisfunksiÿa r. functionfutbol r. footballfutbolçy r. football playerGgaba cumbersome,unweildygabahatçylyk entrapment,vicious schemegabak eyelidgabamak to encirclegabanjañ jealousgabanmak to be jealous ofgabara dimension, sizegabarçyk callousgabarmak to callousgabat against : Jaÿlar birbirinegabat salnypdyr =The houses were builtagainst each othergabat gelmek to coincidegabatlamak to interceptgabaw siege, encirclementgabsa shuttergabyk bark, shellgaça durmak to avoid,keep at a distance : Menony gaça durÿaryn = I'mavoiding hergaçalak etmek to hidefrom, to avoidgaçalaklamak to hide from,avoidgaçalga avoidancegaçgak fugitive, refugeegaçgakmak 1. to avoid 2.to fall, be lost : Meniñukym gaçypdyr = Myhopes were vanishinggaçmak 1. to flee, retreat2.to drop (on its own)gaçy dikegaçyrmak 1. to drop, let fall2. to let loose : ol tow?anygaçyrdy = He let loose therabbitgadagan forbidden,prohibitedgadam step, movementgadym ancientgadymy antiquitygadyr fondnessgadyrly dear onegadyrsyz unlovedgagal stupid, foolishgag?amak to tremblegagyldamak to cackle,croakgagyrmak to spitgagyrynmak to spit outgahar gelmek to get angrygahar getirmek to angergahar rage, furygahar-gazap rage, furygaharjan furious, angrygaharjandyrmak to makeangrygaharly furious, meanspiritedgahryman hero (fearlessperson)gahrymançylyk heroismgahrymanlarça heroicgakylyk phlegm, phlegmygala fortressgaladaw indefatiguable,energeticgalagoply disturbinggalak left-over, left-behind :galak okuwçy = a pupilwho isn't making progressgalak-galçak leftovers,clippingsgalaktika r. galacticgalam 1. pencil 2. spoon(Yomud)galamdan pencil-casegalapyn most of the time :Galapyn sen gije galypgelÿärsiñ = You come latemost of the timegalat untruthful : Siz galataÿdÿarsyñyz! = You'relying!galaÿy tingalaÿylamak to soldergaldyramak to tremblegaldyrnak 1. to raise :Eliñi galdyryñ! = Raiseyour hand! 2. [a:] to leave(something) :Kataplaryñizi öÿdegaldyryñ = Leave yourbooks at homegalgamak to fluttergalkynys revivalgalla grain, breadgalmagal noise, racketgalmagally noisygalmak 1. to raise, be lifted2. [a:] to stay, remain 3.[a:] used to form modalverbs, keep … ing : Olÿatyr galdy = He kept(remained) sleepinggalñamak to thicken,become dense : Gar kemkemdengalñaÿar = Thesnow gradually thickenedgalo? r. galoshes

Turkmen/English Dictionary 20galp fake, counterfeitgalpak a baby's first hair :galpak toÿy = a partycelebrating a child's firsthaircutgalpla?dyrmak to falsifygalpyldy tremorsgalstuk r. necktiegaltak wheelbarrowgaltaman banditgalta?dyrmak to be rightagainst : ?kafy divaragalta?dyryp goÿdyk = Weput the wardrobe againstthe wallgaltga floatgalyberse-de and withthat...galyn bride pricegalyndy remaining,remainder: On iki dördegalyndysyz bölünÿär =Twelve goes into fourwithout a remaindergalyñ thickgalyñlyk thicknessgam cekmek to mourngamak a kind of plantgama?mak 1. to be dazed,overwhelmed 2. to bedisgustedgama?yk hazy, cloudy, dullgamçy whipgamçylamak to whipgamgyn sadgamla?dyrmak to pack,stuffgamly sadgamy? reed : Gamy?ygow?ak tutsañ, elinnigyÿar = Hold the reedlightly, it might cut yourhandgan bloodgana plenty : Gana syw iç!= Drink plenty of water!ganagyç adj. bleedingganar sack (for cut straw,etc.)ganat wingganatlandyrmak to inspire(lit. to add wings)ganaw ditchgandym a kind of plantgandyrmak to fill, satisfy,slake, relieveganhor murderer,monstrous personganjarmak to bleedganjyga saddle strapsganjyk bitchganly bloodyganmak to fill (somethingwith a liquid)gansyz bloodlessgant sugargantly sugaryganybir one blooded : Olmeniñ ganybir doganym= He's my blood brother.ganymat not badganymatla?mak to getbettergañña mule saddlegañrak hookgañrylamak to bend, makehookedgañ?yrawuk anat.nasopharynxgañyrçak hook (forclothing)gañyrmak to bendgap 1. box, package 2.vessel : naxar iÿilÿän gap= kitchenware 3.grammatical intesifier:gap-garañky = really darkgapak covergapan 1. trap 2. scale (forweighing)gapdal side : Gapy jaÿyñdemirgazyk gapdalyda =The door is on the house'snorth sidegapdalky adj. side :gapdalky gapy = side doorgapgaç dishes, utensilsgapgarmak to fillgapjamak to clampgapjawaç clampgaplamak to cover, burygaplañ tigergapma-gar?y contradictory :Ol maña gapma-gar?ydyrdy = He contradictedmegapmak to catchgapy doorgapyl ignorant, ill-informedgapyrga ribgapyrjak boxgar snowgara blackgara-ört bolmak to chargarabasma nightmaregaraçorba Turkmen meatsoupgaragol disorderlygaragu? epilepsygarahassalyk typhysgaraj r. garagegarak eye : Näme, seniñgaragyñ ÿokmy? = What,you don't have eyes tosee?garakçy bandit : deñizgaraçylary = piratesgaraköl baby sheep's pelt(used to make Turkmentelpeks)garalama draft, rough copygaralamak 1. to blacken :Ol ga?yñy garalaÿar =She's darkening hereyebrows 2. to dye 3. toshame, sullygaralawçy publicprosecutor, investigatingmagistrategaralmak 1. to becomedark 2. to burn : Dün mengüne gataldym = I got asunburn yesterday 3. toconsidergaraltmak to make blackgaraly plum, plum tree :garaly mürepbesi = plumjamgaraly?mak to wait forsomeonegaramak 1. v. to overlook2. v. to consider 3. n.direction, auspicesgaramandalak thistlegaramat responsibilitygaramaÿak commonpeople (???)garamazdan despitegaramyk 1. chicken pox 2.a kind of plantgaranjaklamak to lookaroundgarantja scarecrowgarañky 1. dark, unlit 2.darkness : Garañkydangorkÿaryñmy? = Are youafraid of the dark?garañkylyk darknessgarañkyramak to darkengarasöÿmez reserved,unsociablegarasuw glaucomagara?dyrmak to makesomeone wait awhilegara?ly bolmak to dependongara?ly dependentgara?lylyk dependencegara?mak to waitgara?syz independent

Turkmen/English Dictionary 21gara?syzlyk independence:syÿasy we ykdysadygara?syzlyk = political andeconomic independencegara?yk attention, noticegarawul durmak to standguardgarawul guardgaraÿag targaraÿagyz darkcomplexionedgaraÿy? 1. attitude, opinion2. look, glancegaraz in general, to put itshortly : Garaz sen razydäl-dä = To put it shortyly,you don't agreegarbak-gurbak etmek tobite, eat somegarbamak to sufficegarbanmak to bite, eatsomegarçygaÿ fellowgarda? brothergarderob r. wardrobegarga crow, ravengargy reed, rushgargy? damnationgarja?mak to get mixed up,confusedgarja?yk hoarsegark bilmak to drowngarlawaç swallow (bird)garly snowygarma-gürmelik chaos,confusiongarmak to mix with, shufflegarmon r. accordiangarnizon r. garrisongarnuw dash, pinch (incooking)garnym ditchgarpy?mak to be coupledwith, to clamp on togarpyz watermelon : Kerçgarpuz iÿ! = Eat a piece ofwatermelon!garramak to agegarra?mak to get a littleoldergarratmak to make old :Agyr zähmet onygarradyrdyr = Hard workaged himgarry 1. old, aged 2. oldpersongarrygyz Old Girl (a varietyof melon)garrylyk age, old agegarsamak to putgarsylyk obstaclegar?y 1. against, adjoining2. to meet, greet : Olaryñgar?ysyndan babamçykdy = My grandfatherwent to meet them 3.constantly : Ol okuwagar?y gijä galyp gelmek =He always comes late tostudygar?y cykmak to disagree,objectgar?yda? adversarygar?yldamak to greet, meetgar?ylyk görkezme protestgar?ylyk görkezmek toprotestgar?ylyk obstacle,oppositiongartañ grown : Bu telpekseni gartañ görkezÿär =This hat makes you lookoldergarta?mak to grow oldgarym-gatym disorderlygaryn stomach : Meniñgarynym aç = I'm hungrygarynda? relativegarynda?syramak to berelatedgaryndy dash, pinch (incooking)garynja antgaryp poor : garyp adam =poor persongaryplyk povertygary? a unit of measurementequal to the width of ahand from the outside ofthe thumb to the outside ofthe little fingergary?dyrmak to mix, mix ingary?mak to be mixedgary?yk mixedgassap butchergastrol r. tour (artistic)gastronom r. gourmetgasyk groin, pubisgasyn wrinklega? 1 1. eyebrow 2. before :ga?ynda durmak = tostand beforega? 2 encrustations, inlayedstonesga?amak to scratchga?ba-ga? face to face (lit.brow to brow)ga?lamak to inlay, encrustgat layer, floor : iki gat jaÿ= two-story housegatakar rapidsgatalkmak to raise,strengthen : Ol sesiñigaltalkmali = He shouldraise his voicegatamak 1. to harden 2. togrow stalegatanç share, portiongatbar-gatbar manyflooredgatla dam, dikegatlak layergatlakly layeredgatlamak to deposit, add alayergatmak 1. to add 2. to mixgatnamak to be going (on aregular basis)gatna?mak to participate in,attend : Men lektsiÿalaragatna?dym = I attendedthe lecturesgatna?yjy participantgatna?yk relation: dostluklygatna?yk = friendlyrelationsgatnaw 1. movement,traffic : Häzir ?aheriñköçelerinde gatnaw uly =There's a lot of movent onthe streets today 2.communication, routegatnawy routegaty I. 1. hard, strong 2.stale : gaty çörek = stalebread 3. loud II. 1. very,extremely, a lot : Ol gatygordy = He was very afraid2. well-done : gaty bi?irilenÿumurtga = hard-boiledegggatyk soft milk product likeyoghurtgatylyk hardnessgatyr mulegatyrganmak to angergaty?yk variousgawun melongaÿ stormgaÿa crag, cliffgaÿamak to embroidergaÿcy scissorsgaÿçylamak to cut withscissorsgaÿduwsyz intrepid,fearlessgaÿdym derejesi gram.passive voicegaÿdyp forward, beyond

Turkmen/English Dictionary 22gaÿdy?yn return, way back :Gaÿdy?yn size degipgeçepin = I'll stop by onthe way backgaÿgy etmek to worrygaÿgy worry, sadnessgaÿgyly sad, worrisomegaÿgyrmak to pity, feelsorry forgaÿky strutting, with one'schest puffed outgaÿma embroiderygaÿmak 1. cream 2. [a:] tosoargaÿmakly creamygaÿmalamak 1. to sew 2.[a:] to whirl, spin around :Çagajik enesiniñ da?yndagaÿmalap ÿördi = Thechild whirled around itsmothergaÿmala?mak [a:] to hurryabout, bustle, make a fussgaÿnag boiled : Men diñegaÿnag suw içmeli = Imust drink only boiledwatergaÿnamak to boilgaÿnatmak to boil(something) : Sen suwgaÿnatÿañmy? = Are youboiling water?gaÿra north-eastgaÿragolulmasyz urgentgaÿralmak 1. to worsen 2.to move backwardgaÿramak to hone, sharpengaÿrat strength, hutzpahgaÿratlanmak to buck up,get gutsygaÿry differentgaÿ?armak to sag, cave ingaÿ?artmak to bend, bendback, indentgaÿta 1. time(s) : Kitabybirnäçe gaÿta okadym = Iread the book a few times2. just the opposite : Ÿagy?diñmän, gaÿtagüÿçlenÿärdi = The snowdidn't slacken – just theopposite – it got strongergaÿtalanmak to berepeatedgaÿtala?dyrmak to review,repeat several times : Öÿi?leriñizi gaÿtala?dyryñ =Review your homeworkgaÿtalmak to repeatgaÿtandan anew, again :Gaÿtadan geliñ! = Comeagain!gaÿtargy change (money)gaÿtarma 1. negativecommand or gerrund formof gaÿtarmak 2. A youngwife who returns to herfamily for a short time aftera month of marriagegaÿtarmak to give back,returngaÿtawul rebuff, repulse :Du?mana gaÿtawul berdik= We repulsed the enemygaÿybana externally, bycorrespondencegaÿyk boatgaÿym firm, tough : gaÿymagaç = solid woodgaÿyn in-law, in-laws :gaÿyn ata = father-in-lawgaÿy? leathergaÿzykmak to becomeweather-beaten, chappedgaz gasgaz [a:] gooseGazak Kazahkgazan big palow pangazanç earningsgazança [a:] potgazançly profitablegazanmak to earngazap angergazaplandyrmak to makeangrygazaplanmak to get angrygazaply angrygazet r. newspapergazganak pothole : Ÿoldur?una gazganak = Theroad is full of potholesgazly carbonated, gassy :gazly suw = carbonatedwatergazmak to diggazyk peggeçelge passagegeçginli popular, soughtaftergeçi goat : Geçi ÿüwrüp,keÿik bolmaz = A veryfast goat won't be a gazelle: Geçä jan gaÿgy,gassaba – ÿag : The goatloves life, the butcher lovesfatgeçiriji conductorgeçirimli merciful,charitablegeçirmek 1. to conduct,run, control 2. to translate: Turkmendiline geçiriñ!= Translate to Turkmen! 3.to reschedule, set a newtimegeçis transitiongeçmek 1. to pass 2. tobegin, start : Täze temageçÿäris = We're startinga new theme 3. to pardon,forgive 4. used as ahelping verb like theEnglish "through" : de?ipgeçmek = to piercethrough : okap geçmek =to read throughgeçmi? the past : yzakgeçmi?= the distant pastgedam proud, arrogantgedaÿ 1. poor 2. beggar,poor persongedaÿla?mak to impoverishgedemlik arrogancegegemoniÿa r. hegemonygektar r. hectacregeleñsizlik carelessnessgelin 1. young girl 2. sisterin-law,bridegelinalyjy wedding caravangelinbarmak grapes(specifically, Lady's Finger,a long a sweet variety ofgrape)gelingyz young bride, girlgelip çykmak to originategelip çyky? origingeli?mek to go with, suit :Bu köÿnek sañageli?meÿär = That dressdoesn't suit yougeljek future : Bagtlygeljek hakynda arzuwetÿärin = I wish for ahappy future : geljek ÿyl= next yeargelmek 1. to come, arrive2. to bear, carry 3.sometimes used as amodal verb with the -yp/-ipgerrund form : alypgelmek = to bring : uçupgelmek = to fly in 4. usedto describe wants anddesires : Ÿatasym gelÿär= I want to sleep : Onyñaçlasyñ gelÿär = Shewants to crygelnalyjy weddingprocession

Turkmen/English Dictionary 23gelneje bridegel?ik beautygel?ikli beautifulgel?iksiz disadvantageous,hideous : Bu gel?iksiz i?=This is thankless workgel?iksizlik disadvantagegel?in the opposite waygemirçek cartilidgegemirmek to gnaw, nibblegemi?ek foreignergemrijiler rodentsgeneral r. general (military)genial r. brilliant, eminentgeniÿ r. geniusgeñ strange, surprising,weirdgeñe? advicegeñe?mek to advisegeñirgendirmek tosurprise, startlegeñirgenmek to besurprised, startledgeñlemek to seem strangegeograf r. geographergeografiÿa r. geographygeologiÿa r. geologygeometriÿa r. geometrygep talk, conversation,parlance : dogry gep =honest words, straight talkgep-gürrüñ conversation,talkgepçi busy-body, gossipgeplemek to speakgeplemek to speakgeplemezlik silencegeplem?ek talky,conversationalgeple?ik 1. negotiations 2.spoken, negotiatedgeple?ikler negotiation(s)geple?mek 1. to converse,talkgepletmek to allow tospeak : Ol meni gepletdi= He allowed me to speakgerb emblemgerbariÿ r. barbarismgerbli stamped, officialgerden shoulder(s)geregiçe so much, asmuch as is neededgerek necessary, needed :Saña näme gerek? =What do you need? (lit.What is needed to you?)gereklemek to wantgerekli necessary, needed :Ÿanyñ bilen iñ gereklizatlaryñy aldy = He tookthe most necessary thingsgereksiz unnecessarygerim 1. in a big way, in agrand style 2. great stridesgerinmek to sipgeri? back, spinegerk-gäbe enough, a lot ofgermek to put up, set upgermemek to obstructgermew obstructiongero r. herogetirmek to fetch, bring :Bu saña zyÿan getirjek =That will bring you harmgeÿdirmek to dress(somebody) : Ol gyzyñatäze köÿnek geÿdirdi =She put a new dress on herdaughtergeÿim clothesgeÿim-e?ik clothesgeÿim-gejim clothesgeÿindirmek to dress(somebody)geÿmek to dress (oneself)geÿnüwli well-dressedgezdirmek to take for awalk : Murat, iti gezdir! =Murat, take the dog for awalk!gezegine in turns, by turnsgezek 1. time (as in "3times") : Gürrümisüñiindiki gezege goÿarys =We're putting of talkinguntil the next time 2. turn,movegezek-gezigine in turns, byturnsgezekle?mek to alternategezelenç etmek to go for awalk, strollgezelenç strollgezemek to aimgezende strollgezer jog, trotgezim strollgezmek 1. to stroll 2. towander : Köp ÿurtlarygezdik = We wanderedaround a lot of countriesgezmelemek to passgädik breach, fracturegägirmek to belch, burpgämi shipgäp scarecrowgätmek to break off, chopoffgäz dirtgäzlemek to get dirtygibrid r. hybridgiç late : Ol sapagiña gijegeldi = He came late toclass : Giç ÿag?y! = Goodevening!giçki lategiçlemek to come lategiçlik eveninggidi?in going, one waygidi?in-gaÿdy?yn round tripgidi?ini passing, incidentalgiew son-in-law, brother-inlawgigiena r. hygienegijara before sunsetgije nightgije-gündiz day and nightgijeki adj. nightgiji itchgijikdirmek to make toolate, to delaygijikmek to be late : Sen i?egijikÿäriñ = You're late toworkgikilewik annoyance, itchgimn r. hymngimnastika r. gymnasticsgiñ 1. wide, spacious 2.composed, easy-going(personality)giñelmek to be widenedgiñi? spacious, widegiñleme expansiongiñlemek to expandgiñlik 1. width, gauge 2.latitude (geographical)gipdal whirlpoolgipdeji income, revenuegipdenek tubby person,frumpgips r. plastergirelge entrancegirew deposity, securitydepositgiri? introductiongiri?mek to begingiri?mek to embark upongirizmek to let in, bring ingirmek to enter : Ol ?äheregirÿär = He's coming intotowngitar guitar : alty kiri?ligitar = six string guitargitdigiçe gradually, little bylittlegitmek 1. to go 2. used asa modal verb : ÿykypypgitmek = to collapse (lit.to go falling)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 24gizlemek to be concealed,put awaygizlenmek to conceal, putawaygizlenpeçek hide-and-seekgizligin secretgizlin secret, illegal, hiddenglobys r. globegobsynmak to raiseoneself, to stand upgoç 1. ram 2. ram-like (acompliment) : goç ÿygit =a bold and daring youngmangoduklamak to wobble,staggergoh 1. noise 2. scandalgoja 1. old, ancient 2. anold mangojalyk agegojamak to age (said ofmen)gojaman ancientgol 1. hand, arm 2.signature 3. gulfgol çekmek to sign (to pullarm)golak handless, armlessgolandirly Dutch persongolasty dependent, colonialgolaÿ next, near, about : Oliki aÿa golaÿ dien ÿalydynç aldy : He restedabout two months : Biziñgolaÿymizdan kanalgeçÿär = A canal passesclose to here.golaÿda 1. not far 2. notlong agogolaÿlamak to approachgolaÿlyk closenessgolaÿynda atgolça earthenware pot,pitchergolçur offshootgoldamak to support, to aidgoldaw support, aidgollamak to supportgollanmak to be guided, tofollow : Instruktsiÿanygollanmadyñ! = You didn'tfollow instructions!golsuz 1. armless,handless 2. unsignedgoltuk armpitgolÿazma manuscriptgom stormgomparmak to put on airs,become full of oneselfgompy conceited, arrogantgonamçylyk graveyardgonç trouser-leggondyrmak to land (aplane)gonmak to land : Kepderitama gondy = The dovelanded on the roofgoñak dandruffgoñralmak to turn browngoñ?y neighbor, neighboringgoñ?y-golan neighborgoñur browngoñursamak to smellstrongly (like burningrubber)goparmak to pull out, tearoffgopbamsy arrogant,conceitedgopgun noise, din, fracasgopmak to fall out, fall offgopuz mouth harpgor ferment, leavengorag 1. protection 2.fencegoragçy protectorgoramak to protect, defendgoranmak to be protectedgoraÿy? protectiongorçitsa r. mustardgorizontal r. horizontalgorka timiditygorkak shy, timidgorkaklyk cowardicegorkmak to be afraidgorkuly 1. frightening,dangerous 2. frightenedgorkunç 1. frightening,dangerous 2. monstergorkuzmak to scaregorky fear, frightgorp ditchgorsamak to turn (a corner)gorsanmak to be unsettledgor?ok r. pot, pottygosgy poem, poeticgospital r. hospitalgo? things, property,belongingsgo?-golañ property,belongingsgo?a two, a pairgo?ant contributiongo?ar wristgo?awuç handfulgo?ma compoundgo?maça 1. addition,appendage 2. appendixgo?mak to add, add on,append : go?mak almaty =addition sign, plusgo?torba knapsackgo?ulma suffix, endinggo?ulyjy componentgo?un armygo?unçylyk military servicegotan pelicangotaz tasselgotur 1. pitted, pockmarked2. mangy, scabbygow snake scalesgowa waterskingowaça cottongowak cavegowga din, racketgowgaly troubled, disturbedgowlamak to make a bedgowrak more thangow?ak weakgow?amak to weakengow?atmak to make weakgow?uramak to convey,delivergowulandyrmak to makebetter, improvegowularmak to get bettergowula?mak to make bettergowulyl goodness, goodgowurma preserved meatthat was fried in fatsomethinglike jerky or hardtackgowurmak to frygowu?mak 1. to give 2. toreach, make it to : OlarA?gabada gowu?dylar =They reached Ashgabatgowuz not fullgowy good, wellgowy görmek to like, befond ofgowylandyrmak to improvegowylyk goodnessgowzalmak to decrease,get rid ofgoÿalamk to thickengoÿazy seriousgoÿbermek 1. to let go 2.used as a modal verb tosignify reflexive orinvoluntary actions : Olmuny aÿdyp goÿberdi =He let this slip from histoungue by accident, Hesaid thisgoÿbolsun etmek torepeal, abolishgoÿä as if, as though

Turkmen/English Dictionary 25goÿmak 1. to put 2. to putforward, submit 3. used asa modal verb signifying acompleted action : alypgoÿmak = to make apurchase : edip goÿmak =to get (something) donegoÿry dense, thickgoÿulmak to be placed,givengoÿulyk thickness, densitygoÿum deposit, investmentgoÿun sheepgoÿy dense, thickgoza cotton bollgozgalañ 1. uprising 2.unease, disquiet : Ondangozgalaña du?ÿärin = Thatmakes me feel uneasy,that disturbs megozgalañçy rebel, mutineergozgamak to move(something)gozganmak to move(oneself)göbek belly-buttongöç 1. move, turn (in chessor checkers) 2. nomadiccampgöçgünli jumpy, excitedgöçme mobile, transitorygöçmek to move, to gosomewhere else : Göç-aÿ!= C'mon, move! (Heardoften in buses)göçürmek 1. to move(something) 2. fig. to copygödek rudegögerçin wild dovegögermek 1. to grow, rise,come up 2. to becomeblue or greengöjek clay ball (used forslingshots)gök 1. blue 2. green 3. sky: Gökde eke-je bulut ÿok= There's not a singlecloud in the skygök önüm vegetablegöl central design, symbolin a Turkmen carpetgöle calf (young cow)göm-gök bluest, completelybluegömelteÿ directly,immediatelygömmek to fill ingömük filledgön leathergönelmek to straighten outgönençilik pleasuregönenmek to get pleasure,benefitgöni straight, directgönüburçluk mat. rightanglegönükdirmek to directgönükme exercise (in abook)gönülmek 1, to go straight2. to speak directlygönüme directionsgönümek to be directedgönümel straightforwardgör grave, tombgöreç pupil (of the eye)göredeli model, examplegöre? wrestlinggöre?mek to fight, wrestlegörä 1. by comparison : Olsaña görä daÿawrak = Bycomparison to you, he'shealthy 2. by, according to: seniñ aÿtmagyña görä =by your words, accordingto your wordsgörgi suffering, torturegörgüli unfortunate persongörgülik torture : Bu nägörgülik! = What torturethis is!görip enviousgörk beauty : Görk gözbilen agyzda = Beauty isin the eyes and the mouthgörkana 1. nice 2. pretty,picturesquegörkezgiç indicatorgörkeziji index, exponentgörkezmek to showgörksüz not prettygörme-görü? visitgörmegoÿ nicegörmek 1. to see (invarious senses: to meet, tounderstand, to figure out)2. as a modal verb,implying attempt or dareMen dadyr gördim = Itried (dared) to taste it, Itasted itgörnetin plain to see,obviousgörnükli visible, eminent,attractivegörnü? 1. look, appearance2. form, shape 3. kind,type 4. view, scene 5.gram. aspectgörübilmezçilik jealousygörünmek to appear, toseemgörü? visiongörü?mek to meet, greetgötergimek 1. to raiseabove 2. to extolgötermek to pick upgötsbogma whoopingcoughgöwher pearlgöwnaçyk open-hearted,artlessgöwnamek 1. to agree with,desire : Ol biziñ bilengitmäge göbnänok = Hedoesn't want to go with us,He has not agreed to gowith usgöwnejaÿ with spiritgöwnetmek to persuade,talk intogöwnüne degilmek to beoffendedgöwnüne degmek tooffendgöwnüne gotermek tocheer upgöwre trunk, torsogöwreli pregnantgöwrüm volumegöwrümli voluminous,sizablegöw?ül dilapidated (used ofclothing)göwün soul, spiritgöwünjeñ desirous of,wanting to : Men gitmägegöwünjeñ däl = I don'twant to gogöwünly spirited : kiçigöwünly = mean-spiritedgöwünsiz disinterested, notdesirousgöwüs breastgöÿduk sickly, punygöz 1. eye 2. glance 3.vision 4. peepholegöz öñünde tutmak to aimgöz ÿa? teardropgöz-görtele obvious, patentgöz-gulak bolmak to watchover (lit, to be eyes andears)gözbagçy hypnotizergözba? spring, sourcegözba?y origingözboÿagçylyk deceptiongözdandy blindman's bluff(game)gözeg care

Turkmen/English Dictionary 26gözel pretty, nicegözellik beautygözenek grating, latticegözgyny pathetic, pitiablegözleg researchgözlemek to search, searchforgözÿ as ifgözÿa? teardropgradus degree(s) (oftemperature)grafa r. graphgrafik r. draughtsmangrafim r. decantergrajjdan r. citizengram r. gramgrammatik r. grammaticalgrammatika r. grammargranat r. grenadegrek hozy walnutgrek r. Greekgrim r. make-upgrip r. flugruppa r. gruppagruzin r. Georgiangruzovik r. truckgubur tombguda son-in-law ordaughter-in-law's father ormothergudrat miracle, marvelguduz 1. mad, rabid 2. fig.mischeivousgujak 1. embrace 2.armfullgujaklamak to embracegujakla?mak to embracegujur force, energygujurly energeticgujursyz weakgulak asmak to listenattentivelygulak ear(s)gulak salmak to listenattentivelygulluk servicegullukçy servantgulmak to pourgulp lockgulpak corn silkgulplamak to lockgum 1. sand 2. desertgum-gulluk not a soulgumak sandygunça bud (of a flower)gundag swaddling clothesgunduz ottergunu?mak to whip up,inspiregupba traditional Turkmengirl's headpiece, made ofmetal and worn over askullcapguradylan driedguragyryly rheunatismgurak aridgural instrument, tool : sazgurallary = musicalinstrumentsgurama organizationguramaçy organizerguramak I. to organize II.[u:] to dry outguranmak to be puttogethergurat 1. corrected,improved 2. fattened (ofsheep)guratlyk improvementgurbaga froggurban sacrifice : gurbanbaÿram = festival of thesacrifice (major holidaywhichcelebrates thecovenant of Abraham)gurbat abilitygurbatly ablegurçuk wormgurgun healthy, wellgurjak doll, toy :Gyzjagazlar gurjakoÿnaÿarlar = The little girlsplay with dollsgurjurly forcefulgurlu? constructiongurlu?lyk constructiongurlu?ykçy carpentergurmak 1. to build, create2. to set : gapgan gurmak= to set a trapgurp abilitygurplanmak to becomestrong, ablegurply 1. strong, able 2.well-offgursak breastgur?aw hoopgur?awmak to enclose,encirclegur?un lead (metal)gurt I. [u:] wolf II. [u:]worm, maggot III. ball ofdried curds : Ol gurt bolupoturdy = He was curled upin a ball, huddled upgurtlamak to becomewormygurultaÿ assembly,conference, convention,gatheringgurulyk drynessgurum sootguru?mak to get numb :Meniñ aÿaklarymgur?updyr = My legs fellasleepgury drygus-gury absolutely dry,the driestgusmak to throw up, puke,vomitgussa sorrowgu? birdgu?ak belt : Ol gu?agyñydañdy = He fastened hisbeltgu?aklyk 1. waist 2. geog.beltgu?amak to tie with a beltgu?çulyk poultrygutap pastry, piegutarmak 1. to finish, toend 2. used as a modalverb to express completion: gazyp gutarmak = tofinish digging, to dig outgutarnykly final, lastgutary? conclusiongutlag congratulationsgutlamak to congratulategutly bolsun! Happy ... ! :Täze ÿul gutly bolsun! =Happy New Year!gutulgysyz hopelessgutulmak to recoverguty boxguwanç prideguwanmak to be proud ofguÿguç funnelguÿma casting (metal)guÿmak to pour, pour inguÿruk tailguÿy well, shaftguzaÿ shady sideguzlamak to calve (used ofcows, cats, sheeps, andsome other animals)guzlaññy productive, fastbreedingguzy lambgüberçek protruding,bulging, convexgübermek to swell up,inflategübürdemek to thunder,roargüe moth

Turkmen/English Dictionary 27güjeñlemek to tantalize,teasegüjük puppygül 1. flower 2. rose 3.ornament 4. cataract 5.curl, flourishgülaby a kind of melongüldürmek to make laughgülälek red poppygülki laughter : Meniñgülkim tutÿar = Thismakes me laughgülküli funny, humorousgülkünç ridiculous, funny,humorousgülle bloominggüllemek to bloomgülmek to laughgülümjiremek to gringülü?mek to laugh (of largegroups)gülÿaka traditional Turkmenbrooch inlayed with stonesgülzar flower bedgüm bol! Get out of here!Be gone!gümana doubtful,uncertain, hardly possible :Oluñ geljegi-gelmejegigümana = It's uncertain ifhe'll come or notgümmez cupola, domegümmürdemek to thunder,roargümpüldi gunshot (soundof a)gümrük import/export duty,customsgümrükhana customshousegümür-ÿamür etmek tohave a little chatgümür-yamyr chit-chatgümürtik unconsidered,sloppy : gümürtik jogap =thoughtless answergün 1. sun 2. day: güne?ligün = sunny daygün tertibi agendagünasa every other daygüna?a all day, in a daygünbatar westgündelik diarygündiz daytimegündizine daytimegündizki daily, daylightgündogar east, easterngüne ÿanmak to getsunburntgünebakar sunflowergüne? sunshinegüne?lemek to sunburngüne?li sunny : Güne?liTürkmenistana ho?geldiñiz! = Welcome tosunny Turkmenistan!günä fault, crime, sin :Onuñ näme günäsi bar?= What has he donewrong?günäkär guilty onegünäkärlemek to blame :Men ony hiç zat üçingünäkärlämok = I don'tblame him for anythinggünäli guiltygünäsiz blameless,innocentgünin one daygünorta south, southerngünortan noon : Olgünortan çenli ÿatdy = Heslept until noongünortanlyk nahar dinner,lunchgünsaÿyn dailygünüñ dogmagy sunrisegünüñ ÿa?magy sunsetgünüzin all day : Mengünüzin i?lemok = I havenot worked all daygüñ deafgüplemek to boastgüpürdemek to stampgür thick, densegürlemek to say, speakgürma bolmak to becaptivated, fascinatedgürpüldemek to crashgürpürdi stamping, rumblegürrüldemek to roar,thundergürrüñ talk, conversation,discussiongürrüñde? partner inconversationgürrüñde?mek to conversegürrüñsiz 1. wordless,unspoken 2. certain, suregürsüldemek to thump,beatgürsüldi heartbeatgürüm-jürüm bolmak tovanish, disappear : Sennirä gürüm-jürümbolduñ? = Where did youdisappear to?güw swangüwä guaranteegüwwüldemek to buzz,humgüÿç strength, powergüÿçlenmek to strengthengüÿçli 1. strong 2. capablegüÿgüç ladelgüÿjemek to strengthen,intensify (of weather)güÿlmek to tie up(specifically, to tie ananimal's four legs together)güÿmemek 1. to entertain,amuse 2. to detain,distract, delaygüÿmenje amusinggüÿmenmek 1. to beamused 2. to be detainedgüÿz fall, autumngüzap torturegüzer fordgüzeran life, existencegwardiÿn r. guardgybat gossipgybatke? gossippergybatke? scandalmongergygyrmak to gab, chatter,whistle, cry outgygyry?mak to shout backand forthgyjak Turkmen nationalmusical instrument,vaguely resembling a violingyjalat reproachgyjyk tickle : Gyjygymgelÿer = It tickles megyjyklamak to ticklegyjynmak to irritategyk-bak etmek to shout,make a noisegykylyk noise, screamgykylyklamak to makenoisegyl voicegylaw edge, bladegylçyk tiny fishbonesgyldyrgan splintergyllyk spitgylÿal horsegylyç sabergylyk 1. character 2. habitgymmat expensivegymmatlamak to raise aprice, pricesgymmatly expensive,valuablegymyldamak to budge, stirgymyldamak to stirgymyldy flutter, smallmovement : ÿapraklaryñ

Turkmen/English Dictionary 28gymyldysy = flutteringleavesgyn scabbardgynamak to distress, bringgrief togynanç regretgynançly grieved, sorrowfulgynanmak to regretgynansamda unfortunatelygyñaç shawl, big scarfgyñak little slice, crust (ofbread)gyñyr angry, maliciousgyp-gyzyl reddestgypjyndyrmak 1. tooverstretch, strain 2. tofrighten awaygypmak to winkgyr I. steppe II. [y:] gray(of horses)gyra border, coastgyradeñ the same, exactlygyraky extreme, outergyraw frostgyrgy hawk, merlingyrgyn mass deathgyrgynçylyk slaughter,carnagegyrkmak to slaughter, cutdowngyrkymçy slaughterergyrmak I. to kill : Açsaklap gyrdarys = We'redying of hunger II. towear down, grate, rub offgyrmalamak to fill (to therim)gyrmança silt, gratingsgyrmyzy red, pinkgyrtyç to clear off, clear upgyrylmak I. to kill II. to bestraining, burstinggyrymsy stuntedgyryndy shavingsgyryz Kirghizgysaç vice (mechanicalgripping device)gysby tightgysga shortgysgaça brieflygysgaltmak to shortengysganç 1. miser 2.greedy, miserlygysgyç princers, tongsgysmak to grip, pressgysmyljyramak to press upagainstgyssag urgentlygyssagara haste, hurrygyssagly urgent, hurriedgyssamak to hurrygysym handful, clutchgysymlamak to grabgysyr barrengy? wintergy?armak 1. to lean, slant2. to divergegy?arnyksyz unswerving,steadfastgy?artmak to bend, distortgy?lag winteringgy?yk curvegy?yna wintertimegyt raregytalmak to be in shortsupply : ?u günler bazardakä?ir gytalypdyr = Thesedays carrots are scarce atthe bazaargyÿa oblique, slantinggyÿçak splinter, shardgyÿk sheep dunggyÿkundy rags, scrapsgyÿmak to cutgyz [y:] 1. girl 2. daughtergyzamyk cerebral cortexgyzarmak to reddengyzdyrmak 1. to heat : Günÿeri gyzdyrÿar = The sunheats the land 2. tointensify 3. to have atemperaturegyzgalañly intensegyzgyn 1. hot 2. intense 3.temperature : Meniñgyzgynym bar = I have atemperaturegyzgynlyk intensity, heatgyzma hot-temperedgyzmak 1. to heat 2. to befascinated withgyzmalyk heatgyzykdyrmak to beinteresting to : Ony sportgyzykdyrÿardy = Sportswere interesting to himgyzyklandyrmak to interestgyzyklanmak to beinterestedgyzykly interestinggyzykmak to be fervoured,impassionedgyzyksiz boringgyzyl I. red II. goldgyzylödek anat.esophagus, gulletgyzy?mak to warm, heatgyzzyrma malariaHhabar 1. news 2. mark,note, item 3. knowledge4. gram. predicatehabar etmek to informhabar tutmak to get newshabarçy correspondenthabardar notification,advicehabarla?mak to exchangenews, get newshabarly expert, versedhabarlyk gram. predicatehaç crosshaçan whenhadys prophecyhadysa 1. event, occurence2. phenomenonhahahaÿlamak to roar withlaughterhajat need, wanthajathana toiletha££uk lizardhak I. correct, right II. 1.right, privilege 2. fee,wages 3. lot, fatehak-hukuk right, privilegehakla?mak to get even with,settle accountshakly bolmak to be entitledtohakyda memory,rememberancehakykan realityhakykat 1. truth 2. realityhakykatdan really, in truthhakyky genuinehakynda abouthal I. 1. health 2. strength,force, power, might 3.dialect II. birthmark, molehal-ahwal health, situation,needhalal just, righteous, pure,godlyhalamak to likehalas bolmak to takerefugehalas freehala?mak to like (oneanother)halat time, seasonhalk 1. people, nation 2.people's, popular, folk 3.crowd, mobhalk citizens, people

Turkmen/English Dictionary 29halka 1. loop 2. ring 3.environment, circle,companyhalkara internationalhalkylyk nationalityhalkyÿet nationalityhalta sackhalwa helva, a Turkishdesserthaly carpethalyçy carpet makerhalypa teacher, masterhalys totallyham animal skinhamala as it were, as if, asthoughhammam bath-househamyr doughhamyrmaÿa leavening,fermented doughhamyrtur?y leavening,fermented doughhamyt collar, harnesshamytlamak to collar,harnesshan rulerhanha there, over therehantama expectationhantamaçylyk expectationhany I. where? II. wellnow, thenhañlatmat to open, openwidehapa I. 1. dirt, mud 2.trash II. indecent,obscenehapalamak to dirtyhapalanmak to get dirtyhapalyk destructionhaplamak to pour over, toscaldhapysa slovenly, carelessharaba ruinsharajat etmek to spend,expend, use upharakteristika r.characteristicharam prohibited, forbiddenharamzada rascal, impharap spoiled, broken,depravedharaplamak to spoil, tobreak downharasat hurricaneharaÿ help, aidharaz millharby military, warharby ÿagdaÿ martial lawharbyla?dyrmak tomilitarizeharç expense, expenditureharçlamak to spend,expend, wasteharçlamak to wasteharlamak to neglect,disdainharma-harp literal, verbalharman flourharp alphabet letterharplyk alphabet book,kindergarten primerharpyk chaffhars : hars urmak todevelop, make, evolveharsal coarse, crude, gross,roughharsallyk roughnessharyt good, commodityharytlar products, goodshas I. very II. peculiar,specific, characteristichasa 1. [hasá] staff, stick2. [hása] gauzehasabat account of, reporthasamak to tally uphasap 1. account, count,tally 2. inventory,calculation 3. arithmetic,mathematicshasap bermek to give anaccounthasap etmek to take intoaccount, calculatehasapçy accountanthasaplamak 1. to count in,consider 2. to calculate,compute 3. to rate, value,estimatehasaplanmak to beregarded, considered,taken into accounthasapla?mak to get evenwith, to settle accountshasrat grief, distress,trouble, disaster,misfortunehassa sick, illhassalamak to be illhassalyk illness, disease,sicknesshasyl harvesthasylly 1. fruitful 2. fertilehasyr-husur quickly, soonha?al weedha?am adornment,decorationha?amlamak to adorn,decoratehat 1. letter 2. writing 3.note, slip, letter, memo 4.handwriting 5. documenthat-habar newshat-sowat reading andwritinghatar durmak to stand inorder, stand in filehatar I 1. row, line, file 2.order, array 3. in line II.danger, riskhatarlamak to be in orderhatarly dangeroushatda evenhatyra respect, esteemhatyrdamak to crunchhatyrjem relaxed, sure,certain, calmhawa yeshaÿ-kü?etmek 1. to calm,soothe, reassure 2. tocensurehaÿa embarassment,confusionhaÿal slow, slowlyhaÿal-ÿagallyk etmek todelay, linger, hesitatehaÿallamak 1. to weaken,slacken 2. to deterioratehaÿallatmak to slow down,reduce, delayhaÿallyk slownesshaÿasyz shameless,indecenthaÿat fence, wallhaÿbat threat, menacehaÿdamak to do quickly, torushhaÿdatmak to drive, urge,hurry uphaÿkylyk cry, outcry, shouthaÿkyrmak to cry out,shout, screamhaÿp used like the English"Unfortunately...", or "It's ashame..."haÿran galmak to admirehaÿran suprise,astonishmenthaÿsy whichhaÿwan animalhaÿwanat adj. animalhaÿwanat bagy zoohaÿÿar clamorous,scandaloushaÿÿarlyk scandalhaÿykmak to be afraid ofhaÿyn traitorhaÿynlyk treasonhaÿyr 1. benefit, use 2.profit, gain 3. assistance,aid, help

Turkmen/English Dictionary 30haÿyrlanmak to make useof, take advantage ofhaÿyrly 1. beneficial,helpfulhaÿy?etmek to request, askforhaÿy? requesthazlamak to howlhazyna 1. treasury 2.treasureheder fear, risk, perilhek 1. lime 2. chalkhekaÿa storyhekaÿat 1. story 2. even,occurencehekgermek 1. to let in 2. tobe provoked, be vexedheklemek to bleach,whitewashheleÿ woman, wifeheläk bolmak to perishheläkçilik 1. catastrophe 2.torment, sufferingheläklemek to torment,torture, vex, worryhellewlemek to loomhem too, alsohemaÿat etmek to providehelphemaÿat help, aidhemi?e 1. always 2.earlier, former, first, beforehemi?elik permanenthemme all, everyhemmetaraplaÿyn comprehensivehemra 1. fellow traveller 2.life-long companionheniz until now, yet, stillheñ I. tune, melody II.moldheñkirmek to cry out,shout, screamheñlemek to get moldyhepbik snare, noosehepde weekhepdeleÿin week-longhepdelik 1. weekly 2. perweekher every, allhereket etmek to movehereket movementherketlendirmek to movehernä 1. as it were 2.sometimes 3. alwaysherrelmek to cry out angrilyhersi everyhe?elle kakmak to exulthet 1. limit, boundary,border 2. boldness,couragehetdena?a excessiveheÿ I. "really?" , "is thatpossible?" II. "hey!"heÿgenek scrambled eggsheÿkel statuehezel etmek to enjoyhezel pleasurehezil interesting,captivating, pleasinghezillik amusement,entertainment, pleasurehezzet hospitalityhezzet-hormat respect,esteemhezzetlemek to show,provide hospitalityhä oh, oh yeshäkim mayorhäkimiÿet authority, power,rule, regimehäli 1. long ago 2. not longago 3. still, yet, for nowhäli-?indi endlessly, withoutconclusionhäsiÿet 1. character 2.propertyhäsiÿetlendirmek tocharacterize, markhäzir 1. now, at present 2.ready, preparedhäzirki modern,contemporary, presenthäzirki zaman gram.present tensehäzirlemek to preparehäzirlikçe for the timebeing, meanwhilehiç nothinghikirdemek to snicker,gigglehikirdi giggle, snickerhil quality, stylehile 1. cunning, craftinesshilegär cunning fellow,dodgerhilegärlik craftiness,cunninghili-bir hili 1. homogeneous2. somwhathimiki r. chemicalhimiÿa r. chemistryhin hole, burrowhiññildik swinghiññilik swinghirurg r. surgeonhirurgik r. surgeryhiÿ I. "really?" , "is thatpossible?" II. "hey!"hojalyk ownershiphojalykçy housekeeperhojaÿyn host, masterhokga craftiness, cunninghokkeÿ r. hockeyhokurdamak 1. to gurgle2. to crunchhol as such, like thatholha there, over thereholodilnik r. refrigeratorhonha there, over therehoñkarmak to gapehoñuldamak to grumble,growlhopba bolmak to climbhopmak to fall in, fall offhopukmak 1. to gasp,choke 2. to be frightened,scared ofhopurdatmak to drinkhor çekmek to snorehor I. 1. thin, scrawny, lean,skinny 2. poor II. snore,snore III. r. chorus, choirhoraz cockhorkuldamak 1. to sob 2.to grunthorlamak I. to snore, snortII. 1. to exhaust, use up 2.to tormenthorlanmak 1. to grow thin2. to organizehorluk çekmek to sufferhorluk pain, torment,sufferinghorlyk çekmek to sufferhormat honor, esteem,respecthormatlamak to esteem,honor, respecthormatly honored,esteemedhortum trunkhossar 1. patron, guardian2. trusteehossarlyk 1. trusteeship 2.relationshiphossarlyk etmek topatronize, protectho? I. well, good, okay II.just, favorable III. byeho?a bunch, clusterho?al satisfactoryho?allyk satisfactionho?amaÿ pleasant, affableho?amaÿlyk pleasantnessho?bagt happy, fortunate,lucky

Turkmen/English Dictionary 31ho?boÿ aromatic, fragrantho?la?mak to take leave of,say goodbyeho?lo?yk partingho?niÿetli benevolentho?wagt joyful, merryhowa ?ary balloonhowa weather, airhowala airshowandar 1. relative,relation 2. patron,protectorhowandarlyk 1.relationship 2. patronagehowatyr fear,apprehension, anxietyhowaÿy empty, void, vain,idlehowda pondhowlukdyrmak to hurry(someone) uphowlukmak to hurry uphowly yardhowlykmak to rush, hurryhowp dangerhowpsuzlyk securityhowsala alarm, warning,alerthowsalaly alarming,disturbinghowtyrlanmak to fear,beware ofhowul-hara 1. hasty,hurried 2. careless,negligenthowur heat, fever, ardourhowuz pond, poolhoz nuthozanaklamak to turn,revolvehöçjet obstinate, stubbornhöçjetlik stubbornesshödür 1. entertainment,food, drinks 2. offer,proposal, suggestionhödür etmek to treathödürlemek 1. to treat,entertain 2. to offer,propose, suggesthökman imperative,necessary, mandatoryhökmany necessityhökmany obligatory,compulsoryhökmünde ashöküm 1. order, command2. sentence, verdicthöküm sürmek to reignhöküm sürmeklik reignhökümet governmenthöre-kö?e caress, affectionhöre-kö?e etmek to calm,soothe, reassurehörezek scarlet feverhötde gelmek to inquire,consulthöwes 1. desire (for) 2.interest, zealhöwesjeñ willingly, gladly,with pleasurehöwesjeñler amateurshöweslendirmek 1. toencourage 2. to arouseinterest inhöweslenmek to becomeinterested inhöwürtge nesthöwürtgelemek to nexthözir pleasurehronika r. chroniclehrustal r. crystalhudaÿ God, Allahhudaÿa çokunma prayerhudo£nik r. artisthukuk bermek to entitlehukuk right, perogativehupbat pain, sufferinghurma datehususan particular,peculiarhususy privatehusyt greedy, avaracioushusytlyk greedhu? memoryhut I. just, very, exact,particular II. personalhutma-hut drawn (game)huwwalamak to lullhüjüm raid, attackhü££ermek to lullhümer crowd, concoursehümürdemek to murmur,mutterhünär trade, craft,occupationhünärment craftsman,artisthünärmentçilik crafted,handmadehünji beadshüñürdemek to grumble,growlhüñürdi grumbling, growlhü?gär vigilant, watchful,alerthü?gärlik alertnesshüwdi lullabyhüwdülemek to lullhüwi zool. eagle owlhüÿt-garañky totaldarknesshyjuw passionhy££yldamak to rattle,speak hoarselyhyklamak to groan, moanhykyrdamak to chuckle,gigglehykyrdy laugh, chuckle,gigglehyllalla difficulty, trouble,embarassmenthyñranmak to growlhyrawa wildhyrdar hunter, lover of thewildhyrra quickly, soonhyrsyñy di?lemek to beannoyed, vexedhyrsyz evil, malicious,spiteful, angryhyrsyzlanmak to be angry,feel angryhyruç passionhyryn-dykyn full, complete,absolutehyssyldamak to puff, pant,sweathysyrdamak to endeavor,strivehysyrdy troubles, cares /businesses, commissionshy?y-wu?y rumouredhytyrdamak to crack,crunchhyÿal 1. intention, design,purpose 2. dream,daydreamhyÿallanmak to intendhyÿally imaginary,supposedhyÿanat etmek to do evil,harmhyÿanat evil, harm, malicehyÿanatçy tresspassorhyÿanatçylyk tresspassinghyÿar cucumberhyzlamak to buzz, humhyzmat 1. service 2. merit3. employment, dutyhyzmat da?lyk coopertation,collaborationhyzmat etmek to serve,hosthyzmat servicehyzmatda? partnerhyzmatkär servant

Turkmen/English Dictionary 32Iibermek to sendiç inside, intestineiçagyry diarrheaiçaly spy, traitoriçege intestineiçeri inside, within, innerregioniçerik insidesiçerki insidesiçgeçme diarrheaiçgi alcoholic drinkiçgin very welliçigara envious, evil (adj.)içigaralyk envy, eviliçinde insideiçinden from insideiçirgi beverage hostiçirgilemek to saddleiçirmek to cause to drinkiçki adj. insideiçki-geÿim undergarmentsiçlekli baked meat pieiçlik baked meat pieiçliklik female underweariçmek I. to drink II. man'ssheepskin coatiçÿan scorpionideal r. idealidediji watchfulideg 1. tending, care 2.surveillanceideg-sorag 1. search 2.investigative, watchfulideklemek to hold in hand,rein inidemek 1. to search for 2.to inform aboutideologik r. ideologicalideologiÿa r. ideologyidetmek to growideÿa r. ideaidili good, trueidioma r. idiomidiomatik r. idiomaticidirdetmek to drive, forceforward, to shoveligde bot. igdeige file (tool)igelemek to fileigenç grumblingigenjeñ grumbling,quarrelsomeigenjeñlik grumbling,quarrelsomeigenmek to grumble, bequarrelsomeiglemek 1. to lose weght 2.to rustigli thin, skinnyik spindleikatäk cuckooiki twoiki-ÿeke rarelyikibir in pairs, by pairsikiçäk eye to eyeikigöwünli undecided,undeterminedikilenç second time, againikilik the number two, a "D"gradeikindi early eveningikindin late afternoonikinji derejeli secondaryikinji secondikinjilik second placeikirjinlemek to think upon,mull overikiÿanlaÿyn two-sidedikiÿüzli two-facedikiÿyllyk two-year, for a twoyear periodikuçly with two meanings,double entendreil peopleil-gün peopleil-halk peopleilat populationilatly populousilçi ambassadorilçihana embassyilde? countrymanildirgiç 1. clothes peg 2.jewelry worn on theforeheadildirmek to hangileri 1. to the front 2. thesoutheast ileri bolmak=toheal, get betterilerik 1. in the front 2. tothe southeastilerki forwardilerlegini 1. in the front 2.to the southeastilerlemek to move forwardile?ler peopleilginç salient, bold, dazzlingilik buttonili?mek to hookilkag?am early eveningilki first, initialilkibada from the first,initiallyilkiba?da from the start,initiallyilkidurmu? primordial, firstexistingilkinji initial, primaryilkinjilik primaryillÿustrasiÿa r. illustrationillÿustratiw r. illustrativeilmek to be falleniltemek to hookilte?mek to be hookedime?ik disheveledime?mek 1. to bedisheveled 2. tangled hairimi-sala peaceful, quietimisalalyk peace,tranquilityimperialistik r. imperialisticimperializm r. imperialismimport r. importimportirlemek r. to importimtilmek to covet, bejealousinçe thininçekesel type of illnessinçelmek to become thininçeltmek to make thininçesagt thin (relevant topeople)indeks r. indexindemek to look for(someone)indermek to leap offindi 1. now 2. next,followingindiki nextindikile next timeindoneziÿaly r. Indonesianindustrial r. industrialindustriala?dyrmak r. toindustrializeindustriÿa r. industryindÿuk r. turkeyine here you areine-gana calmlyinedördül fat maniner male camelinfeksiÿa r. infectioninfleksiÿon r. inflectioninformasiÿa r. informationinformasiÿon r. informationini little brotherinisiatiwa r. initiativeinjener r. engineerinjenerlik r. engineeringinjik shininjir figinkär etmek to denyinkubasion r. incubationinkubasiÿa r. incubationinkubator r. incubatorinli breadth

Turkmen/English Dictionary 33inmek to appear suddenlyinsiz without breadthinspeksiÿa r. inspectioninspektor r. inspectorinstitut r. instituteinstruksiÿa r. instructioninstruktor r. instructorintegral r. integralintelligent r. intelligentintenasional r. internationalinternat r. boarding schoolinterwal r. intervalinterwensiÿa r. interventioninterwÿu r. interviewintizar bolmak to misssomeoneintonasiÿa r. intonationinwalid r. invalidinwentor r. inventoriñ most (superlative)iñirdemek to cause troubleiñirdi causeiñkis doubtiñlemek to moaniñlis Englishiñlisçe English languageiññe needleiññe needleiññebagjyk safety piniññän veryiññgildi to be lazyiññildemek to whineiñrik duskiñrik garalmak to get darkir earlyir-iÿmi? vegetable(s)irden morningirgin hesitationirginsiz without hesitationirgözin early morning dawniri fine, smallirinmek to be lazyiriñ pusiriñlemek to become puslikeiriñli pus-likeiri?me hesitation, pauseirizmek to annoyirki early, earlierirkilmek to fall asleepirlandiÿaly Irishirlemek to make fine, smallirmek to be tiredirnik person who is difficultto pleaseisleg boÿunça at willisleg desireislege laÿyk rationalislemek to wantislän anyispan Spanishisrip bolmak to spoil (food)istrebitel terminator,destroyeri? matter, affair, worki?bil high-heeled shoesi?çi workeri?des colleaguei?dä appetite i?däñiz açykbolsun=bon appetiti?dämen gluttoni?ek young sheep (2 yearsold)i?eññir hard-workingi?ger colleaguei?gär colleaguei?ik doori?jeñ lover of worki?jeñlik love of worki?lemek to worki?leññir hardworkingi?letmek to make someoneworki?li busyi?lik verbi?mek to kniti?siz unemployedi?sizlik unemploymentit I. dog II. a pushitalÿan Italianiteklemek to pushitelemek to pushitermek to pushite?en rashitigi pushy personitmek I. to push, shove II.itni?ik crush, squashitni?mek to push & shoveiÿdirmek to feed, cause toeatiÿermen gluttoniÿermenlik gluttonyiÿilmek to catch hold ofiÿm feed, animal foodiÿmek to eatiÿmek-içmek food anddrink, to eat and drinkiÿmi? fruitiÿmit food, nourishmentiÿmitlendirmek 1. to feed2. to nourishiÿmitlenmek to be fediÿmlemek to feediÿul Julyiÿun Juneizolirlemek to separateizolÿasion r. isolationizolÿasiÿa r. isolationizolÿator r. isolatorizwe?eniÿe informationizzildemek to moan, whine,make a fuss

Turkmen/English Dictionary 34Jjabjynmak to snap at,attackjady magicjadygöÿ magician, wizardjadylamak to cast a spelljahan worldjahyl ignorant, uneducated,inexperiencedjahyllyk ignorancejakyrdamak to laughjakyrdy laughterjala downpour, cloudburst,heavy rainjalbar pantsjam I. bowl II. capsulejamal poet. visage,countenancejan 1. soul 2. life 3.individual 4. energy,vitality 5. dear, dear onejan etmek to do one's bestjana-jan 1. cherishedjanköer faithful, devotedjanlandyrmak to refresh,bring to lifejanlanmak to come to life,to revivejanly 1. alive 2. lively,activejansyz 1. lifeless, dead 2.fig. spyjanykmak to tryjanypke? industrious,dedicated, hardworkingjanypke?lik dedicationjañ belljañ etmek to telephonejaññyrdamak to ringjar I. ravine, gulley II.informationjarnama appeal, addressjaÿ I. building, dwelling II.right, correct, in placejaÿlama burialjaÿlamak to hide, conceal,buryjaÿla?dyrmak to house,make at homejaÿla?mak to be housedjaÿla?ykly comfortablejaÿryk crack, split, fissurejaÿrylmak to crack, splitjaÿtarmak 1. to stick out,stand out 2. to stand onendjaÿtartmak to stand(something) upjaÿyrdamak to squeak (of ashoe)jaÿyrdy squeak (made by ashoe)jazyrdamak to hiss, sputterjazyrdy hiss, sputteringjebir compulsionjebis boarded up, sealedtightly : gapyny jebisÿapmak = to board up adoorjebisle?mek to seal tightly,to consolidatejebislik unison,consolidationjedel argument, debatejedel etmek to make a betjedelle?mek to arguejedilli argumentativejedirdemek to jabber, gabjem 1. sum, total 2. alljemagat the publicjemgyÿet societyjemgyÿetçilik socialconscience, publicmindednessjemlemek to sum upjemleÿji finaljenaÿat crimejenaÿatcy criminal (noun)jenaÿatçylyk attack,criminal actjenaÿatly criminal (adj)jenaÿeakär attackerjenjel noise, scandal,debauchejeññel jungle, forest,wildernessjepa çekmek to suffer, beara burdenjepa compulsion, burdenjepake? hard-workingjepake?lik love of hard workjeren "jeren", gazelle-likeanimal indigenous toTurkmenistanjerime fine, penaltyjerime salmak to finejet in disagreement, not ongood termsjetle?mek to quarrel, argue(with someone)jetlik disagreement, badfeelingsjeza 1. punishment, penalty2. retributionjeza bermek to punishjezalandyrmak to punishjägildemek to wail, cry (ofa baby)jägildi wailingjähek edging, border, hemjähet point of viewjäjek 1. shard 2. sequin,spangle, glitterjigi younger brotherjiglemek to skip a beatjikjiki warbler (bird)jikme-jik in great detail,minutelyjilt binding, jacket, coverjiltlemek to bind (a book)jiñkermek to stare at : Sennäme maña jiñkeripseredÿärsiñ? = Why areyou staring at me?jir chintz, calico, printedcotton clothjisim 1. matter, mass 2.bodyjogap answerjogap bermek to answerjogapkar responsiblejogapkärçilik responsibilityjogapkärli responsiblejogapsyz 1. unanswerable2. without permissionjojuk pigletjojuklamak to farrowjokrama hot, sultry, burningjomart lavish, liberaljomartlyk liberalness,lavishnessjontuk short, bob (of ananimal's tail)jora friend (female tofemale)jorap socksjo?gun floodjo?gunly flooded, gushingjo?mak 1. to overflow, gush2. to be enthusiastic (aboutsomething)joÿa irrigation ditchjoÿalmak to irrigatejögi phony, fake,hypocritical (usually of aperson)jögülik hypocrisyjöwenek hailjöwza heatjuda incredibly, extremelyjugurdamak to rumblejul horse-clothjuwan youth, young peoplejuwanlyk youth,adolescencejübi pocket

Turkmen/English Dictionary 35jübüt even in numberjülge valleyjümle expressionjümmü? 1. depth 2. fig.heart, centerjüm?üldemek to go numb,tingle (i.e. of a person'slegs)jüm?üldi tingling, "pins andneedles" (when a limbgoes numb)jürletmek to whistlejürlewük n. whistlejüründik spout (of a teapot)jüÿgüldemek to peep (ofchicks)jüÿgüldy peep, squeakjüÿje chickjybar frosty, freezingjybarlamak to freeze, befrostyjyda dü?mek to get betterjygyldamak to squeakjygyldy squeak (i.e. of amouse)jyklamak to peep at, spyuponjykyrdamak to laughjylaw reinsjylawlamak to rein in, holdback (something)jyn race, castejynsparaz racistjynsparazlyk racismjyñkyny çykarmazlk tokeep quiet, not let a wordslip (about something)jyñkytmak to gulp downjyññyrdamak to call, ringjyññyrdatmak to call up,make a calljyññyrdy ringing, bell, tonejyzlamak to sizzlejyzyrdamak to fry, sizzlejyzzyk crackling, sizzling££anr r. genre£eton r. 1. token 2. medal£iraf r. giraffe£iwopis r. painting£onglÿor r. juggler£onglÿorlyk r. juggling£urnal r. journal, magazine£urnalist r. journalist£ÿori r. juryKkabina r. booth, cubiclekabinet r. private office;studykabul etmek 1. to acceptkaçañ beautiful, handsomekada rulekadala?dyrmak tostandardizekadaly adj. 1. normal 2.regularkadr I.r. personnel II.specialistkafedra pulpit; rostrumkagyz paperkak 1. dried melonkaka 1. father 2.uncle(Balkan dialect)kakaba? ill-bred, illmanneredkakamak 1. to become dry2. to dry; to become drykakao r. cocoakakatmak to make drykakly?mak to collide (headon)kakmaç "kakmach", aspecial quick-fried saltymeat dishkakmak 1. to drive in;hammer in 2. to knock;rap 3. to shake off 4. toshake 5. to clap 6. topack down (dirt, sand...)kakyn fit, attack, seizurekakynly adj. fitful, like aseizurekalendar r. calendarkaloriÿa r. caloriekaloriÿaly r. calorickamera r. chamberkampaniÿa companykanagat 1. patience 2.satisfactionkanagatlanarlyk satisfactionkanagatlandyrmak tosatisfy; make someonecontentkanagatlanlarlykly satisfactorykanagatlanlarlyksz unsatisfactorykanagatlanmak to besatisfiedkanagatly consistentkanal r. canal

Turkmen/English Dictionary 36kanalizasiÿa r. sewagesystemkandidat r. candidatekandidatly r. candidatepositionkanikul r. vacationkanselÿariÿa r. officekanun lawkanunla?dyrmak tolegalize, legitimizekanunlylyk legality,legitimacykanunsyz illegal, lawless,unlawfulkanunsyzlyk lawlessnesskanuny 1. legal, legitimate2. natural, logicalkanunylyk legality;legitimacykañkamak to go for a walk,to loiter, to drift (from placeto place)kapas stuffy, closekapasa 1. cage 2. counter,shelfkapitalist r. capitalistkapitalistik r. capitalistickapitalizm r. capitalismkapitan r. captainkapyr infidelkapyÿa rhymekapyÿala?dyrmak to rhyme;to make something rhymekapyÿala?mak to rhyme(reflexive)karar I. 1. decision 2.conclusion II. 1. patience2. peace of mindkarara gelmek to make upone's mindkarel adj. Karelian(nationality)karikatura r. cartoonkarkas frame, frameworkkarnawal carnivalkarta mapkartoçka r. cardkarton cardboardkarto?ka r. potatoeskarz dutykarzyna indebted tokasam içmek to vow, takean oathkasam oathkassa r. cashier's office;cashier's deskkassir r. cashierkast 1. revege, vengance2. attempted assassinationka?gä ifkatalog cataloguekategoria categorykater cutter; launchkatok r. skating rinkkauçuk rubberkaÿuta cabin; stateroomkaÿyl pleased withkazak 1. Kazahk 2.Cossackkebap kebob; shish-kebobkebaphana kebobrestaurant; cafekebelek butterflykeb?ir n. weldingkeb?irleÿli welderkebze small shovelkeç 1. n. furrow 2.stubborn, obstinatekeçde embroiderykeçe feltkeçjal stubborn, obstinatekeçje 1. obtuse; stupid 2.wrongkeçjelik stupidity,incoherencekeçlik stubborness;obstinacykejebe old Turkmengelinalyjykejir stubborn, obstinatekekeç combkekirdek larynxkekre wormwoodkel mangykelçermek to show offkelek hornless (withouthorns)kelem cabbagekelep skein; hank (ofthread)keleplemek to wind upkelesañ shiftless; good fornothingkelesañlyk dissolutenesskellagyry adj. head (attrib.)kelle 1. head 2. mindkelleba?aÿak malfunctionkelleki bridlekellem cabbagekelpeñ frivolous; flightykelpeñlik flightinesskelpeze lizardkelte shortkeltelmek to be shortenedkelteltmek to shortenkem 1. defect, flaw 2. adv.not enough; insufficientlykem-kemden graduallykemakyl feeble-mindedkemal : kemala gelmek =to mature, to become amankemally 1. honest, decent2. suitable, proper,appropriatekembaha : kembahagaramak = tounderestimatekemçilik shortage, scarcitykemelmek to decrease;diminish; declinekemeltmek to reducekemençe music bowkemer strapkemlik shortage; scarcity;lackkemmek to reducekempir old womankemput piece of candykemsinmek to be offendedkemsitmek to humiliatekemsiz irreproachable;flawlesskemsiz-köstsüz flawlesskenar coastkendir ? plantkendirik "kendirik", specialtable cloth (oilcloth) formaking dough or siftingflour onkenep hempkengir straining spoon;skimmerkentilmek to wearth (of arope)kepderi pigeon; dovekepek siftingskepemek to dry; becomedrykepgir large spoon-ladel tocook palowkepil bolmak to guaranteekepillik guaranteeker deafkerç hunk; chunkkerçemek to chop upkeremara quietly; silentlykerep spiderweb; cobwebkereplemek to coveroneself upkerlik deafnesskerpiç r. brickkert ledgekertik cut; incisionkertmek 1. to cut slightly;make an incision 2. to eataway 3. to leave(something)kerwen caravan

Turkmen/English Dictionary 37kes any; everykesdirmek to wound; injurekese 1. horizontal 2.someone else's; otherpeople's 3. sidekesek lumpkeseki someone else's;other people'skeseklemek to throw; tosskesel 1. illness; disease 2.sick; illkeseleÿin horizontallykeselhana hospitalkeseligine horizontallykesellemek to be illkeselli ill; sickkeser "keser", a specialknife used in carpet-makingkesewi poker (for a fire)kesgin 1. decisive; forceful;resolute 2. burningkesgir sharpkesgitleme definitionkesgitlemek to definekesgitli adj. definitekesgitnama definitionkesir stubborn; obstinatekesirlik stobborness;obstinacykesi?mek to cross (eachother), to intersectkesmek I. 1. to cut 2. tocut in, interrupt II. scabkesmeklemek to coveroneself upkesp professionke?bi surfaceke?delemek to embroiderke?deli embroideredke?lemek to furrowke?leÿin furrowedke?p 1. face 2. look,appearanceke?te embroideryke?te etmek to embroiderketek bird-house (i.e.chicken coop, hen coop,pigeon loft)ketje stubborn, obstinatekeÿigim (informal addressto women) Dear! Sweetie!keÿik gazellekeÿkermek to behaveoneself dashinglykeÿkertmek to be alertedkeÿp 1. general physicaland mental state 2.delight, pleasurekeÿp çekmek to revelkeÿpine just so; simply so(for no particular reason)keÿtik adj. lamekeÿtiklemek to hobblekezzap cheat; swindlerkezzaplyk cheatingkä 1. that 2. kabirkäbir somekäbiri some; some people;certain peoplekädi squash, pumpkinkäemek to curse out; swearoutkäkelemek to cluckkäkilik partridgekämahal sometimeskämil perfectkämile?en perfectkämille?dirmek to improve;perfect; refinekämille?mek to improveoneselfkämillik perfectionkämillik ÿa?y majority (18years of age)kämillik ÿa?yna ÿetmek toreach majoritykän a lot, muchkänelmek köpelmekkär professionkärde? colleaguekärende rentalkärende tölegi rentkärhana undertaking;venturekäse cupkäselemek to cutkä?ir carrotkäte sometimeskätmen hoekätmenlemek 1. to chop 2.to hoekäwagt sometimeskäÿarym kätekäÿemek to scoldkäÿiçmek to quarrel withkäÿinç 1. pronunciation 2.reproach; reproof; rebukekäÿinmek to complainkibirdemek to crunchkiçelmek 1. to decrease,diminish 2. to shortenkiçeltmek 1. to reduce 2.to shortenkiçi 1. small 2. underage,juvenile 3. adj. youngerkiçigöwünli modestkikirdemek to gigglekilim "kilim" smallhandmade carpetkilogram r. kilogramkilogramlyk r. adj.kilogramkilometr r. kilometerkilt bolt; catchkiltlemek to bolt; to hookthe catchkim who?kimin likekinaÿa ironykinaÿaly ironic; ironicalkine offense; insultkineli offendedkino r. filmkinoteatr r. theater (film)kiosk r. kioskkir mudkireÿ rentalkiriç 1. string of a musicalinstrument 2. bowstringkirlemek to get dirtykirletmek to soil; dirty;stainkirli dirty, filthy, muddykirpi 1. hedgehog 2. fig.crew-cutkirpik eyelashkir?en dustkise pocketkisel "kisel", a desert madeof fruit, berries, and potatostarch, served with milkkislorod r. oxygenkislota r. acidki?de 1. dried apricots 2.dried fruitki?i personki?mi? raisinski?ñemek to neighkit r. whalekitap bookkitapça small bookkitaphana librarykitaphon book-lover,bibliophilekitapsöÿüji book-lover,bibliophilekitir tea-potkitirdetmek to crunchkitirdewük crispkitüw slow to forgive,harboring resentmentklas r. class (meaningsocial class or class group,but not lesson)klasda? classmateklassyk classical writerklassyky classicalkleÿonka r. oilclothklinika r. clinic

Turkmen/English Dictionary 38klub r. clubklubnika r. strawberriesknopka r. button; pushbuttonkodeks r. code (of law,principles)kofe r. coffeekofta r. woman's jacketkokamak to stinkkolbasa r. sausagekolhoz r. collective farmkolhozçi r. collectivefarmerkolleksiÿa r. collectionkollektiw r. n. collective,team, group, bodykoloniÿal r. colonialkolonka r. waterdispenser,water-pumpkolonna r. column, pillarkolonoÿa r. colonykomanda r. teamkomandir r. commanderkomandirlik r. positionkomandirowka r.assignment, business-tripkomandowanie r.commandkomanduÿyçiÿ r.commanderkombaÿn r. combine,harvesterkombinat r. integratedplantkombinezon r. overallskomediÿa r. comedykomendant r.commandantkomissar r. commissarkomissiÿa r. commission;committee; boardkomitet r. committekommunal r. public;municipalkommunist r. communistkommunizm r.communismkomonawt r. cosmonaut,astronautkompas r. compasskompleks r. complexkompleksleÿin r. adj.complex, compositekomplekt r. complete (of aset)komplektlemek r. tocomplete (a set)kompot r. "kompot", asweet drink made of boiledfruit, water, and sugarkompozitor r. composerkompres r. compresskomsomol r. 1.Komsomol, CommunistYouth League 2. YoungCommunistkonditer r. pastry cook,pastry chefkonductor r. conductor (ona train, bus, etc.)konferensiÿa r. conferencekongres r. congresskonki r. horsekonkret r. adj. concrete,specifickonkretle?dirmek r. tomake specific, spell outkonkurs r. competition,contestkonsert r. concert, recitalkonserw r. canned foods,canned goodskonserwatiw r. adj.conservativekonserwatoriÿa r.conservatory (for music)konstitutsiÿa r.constitutionkonstruksiÿa r.construction; designkonstuktor r. designerkonsul r. consulkonsulhana r. consulatekonsullyk r. consulate(consulary position)konsultasiÿa r.consultationkontinental r. continentalkontingent r. contingentkontor r. officekontrol r. controlkontrollyk r. controlkontrolÿor r. controllerkonus r. geom. conekonweÿer r. conveyorkooperatiw r. cooperativekopiÿa r. copykorabl r. shipkoridor r. corridor, hallkorpus r. body, trunk,torsokosekans r. mat. cosecantkosinus r. mat. cosinekosmetika r. make-up,cosmeticskosmos r. outer spacekospekt r. synopsis;outline; abstractkospektirlemek r. toabstract; make an abstractofkostÿor r. firekostÿum r. suitkotlet r. chop; cutletkowalamak to drive (cattle)kowala?mak to drive (cattle)kowalmak to chase, followkowgy pursuit; chasekowmak 1. to drive on(cattle) 2. to dismiss, fire,discharge 3. to exilekowum-garanda? relativesköçe streetköçek a little camelköjemek to lace, to tiekök 1. root 2. bastingköke cookie, biscutköklemek I. 1. to baste 2.to quilt II. to take pleasureinköl lakekölege shadekölegli shadykömek n. helpkömekçi assistant, helperkömekle?mek to helpkömelek mushroomkömür coalköne oldköne-kü?ül old things, junkköneçe as before;unchangedköneden adj. since oldentimes, since days of yorekönelmek 1. to wear out,be worn out 2. to wear outall one's clothesköneltmek to wear out (i.e.clothing, machinery)köp 1. a lot, much, many2. often, frequentlyköp nokat elipses (...)köpburçluk geom. polygonköpçülik 1. mass, a lot of,a heap of 2. socialköpçülikleÿin adj. mass(as in "mass transit")köpden long agoköpek male dog, houndköpelmek to increase; growköpeltmek 1. to increase2. to multiplyköpgranlyk geom.polyhedronköplenç usually, generally,ordinarilyköplük a great number, amultitude

Turkmen/English Dictionary 39köpri bridgeköptaraply multilateralköpük foamköpürjik foam, bubbleköpürjiklemek to froth, tofoamkör blindkörek unripened cotton budköremek to begin to burnproperlykörlük 1. blindness,darkness 2. dimwit,dummykörpe youngkörük 1. bellows 2. ash-pit(of a furnace)körzehin thick-headed,dim-wittedkösemek to call, summonkösenmek to test, try outkössek tripodkösseklemek to hobble (ahorse)köst shortage, scarcity, lackkösük podkösükli leguminous, beanykö?e?nek to grow still,become silent, calm downkö?k palacekötel raising, liftingköw hollow, glen, dellköw salmak to look; peep(over, under, behind, etc...)köwek 1. removal,extraction 2. cave, cavernköwlemek to digköwmek 1. to dig 2. tomake a hole in 3. to washaway, erodeköwü? shoesköwü??i shoemakerköÿdürmek to letsomething be wastedköÿmek to burn up, beburned upköÿnek 1. shirt (male) 2.dress (female)köÿnekçe dressmakerköz live coals, emberskrahmal r. starchkran r. faucet, spigot, tapkredit r. creditkrem r. creamkreml r. Kremlinkreÿser r. cruiserkrizis r. crisiskros r. cross-country racekrowat r. bedkru£ok r. small circle, club,groupkub r. cubekubok r. gobletkuhnÿa kitchenkultiwator r. cultivatorkultiwatsiÿa r. cultivationkupe r. compartment (on atrain)kuplet r. verse, stanzakurort resortkurs r. coursekursant studentkurtka r. (man's) jacketkuwwat power, strength,mightkuwwatlanmak 1. toaquire, gain 2. to standkuwwatly strong, powerfulkuwwatlylyk strength,powerkuzow r. basketküde stackküdelemek to stackkükemek to be fragrantkükrek chestkükürt 1. sulfur 2. matchkül asheskül-owram (bolmak) to spitupkül-peekun etmek tobreak; shatter; smashkül-u?ak to spit upkülçe small bread madefrom short pastryküldan ashtrayküle (of a tail) shortkülembibi little fingerkülke small; minutekülkelemek to crush; grindküme hut; shackkümü? silverkümü?lemek to silver; silverplatekündük special metallicpitcher for washingkünjek cornerkünji sesamekünnük silver jug for waterkürek oar; paddleküreklemek to row; topaddlekürk brood henkürre young/little donkeykürsemek to burst intokürt kurdkü?gürmek to sic ( a dogon)kü?t chesskü?t?i chess playerkütek dull; bluntkütelmek to become dullküteltmek to blunt; dullküti thickkütülik thicknessküÿ n. thoughtküÿkermek to hunch one'sback; be hunched overküÿki hunchbackedküÿsemek to wish for;desireküÿze pitcher; jugküÿzegarlik potter's trade(craft)kwadrat r. 1. square(figure) 2. adj. squarekwadratura r. n. squaringkwalifikasiÿa r.qualificationkwartal r. quarter; section(of a city)kwartira r. apartmentkwas r. "kvass" afermented drink made withbreadkwitansiÿa r. receiptkybap accordance;conformitykybapda? correspondingkyn difficultkynçylyk difficultykynla?dyrmak to complicatekynla?mak to becomecomplicatedkynlyk difficultykyrk fortykyrkynjy fortiethkyssa 1. prose 2. story 3.short poemkyssaçy writerkysym look; appearance

Turkmen/English Dictionary 40Lla just, will you : Mañaaÿtsañyz-la = Just tell melaborant r. laboratoryworker; assistantlaboratoriÿa r. laboratorylabyr anchorlabyrdamak to blaze; flareup; glow; burnlabyz 1. melody 2.melodiousnesslaçyn falconlager r. camplag?amak to collapse; fallinto pieceslak atmak 1. to start tospeak 2. to brush againstlak bolmak to conceal;keep secretlak r. lacquerlakam nicknamelakgy talkativelakgyldamak to chatlaklamak to lacquerlakyrdamak to seeth;bubblelakyrdy bubbling, gurglinglal I. mute II.lallyk mutenesslampa moment; instant;twinklinglampa r. lamplampoçka r. lightbulblandshaft r. landscapelapykeç bolmak 1. to bedispirited 2. to bedisappointedlasyrdamak to brew; digestlaÿ I. 1. loam; clay 2. slush;dirt; mud II. bir laÿ onecomplete setlaÿyk appropriatelaÿyk bolmak to conformlaÿyklyk proportion;accordancelaÿyklyk-da in conformitywithlebiz promiselegen basinleji çykmak 1. to becomeworn out 2. to becomefatiguedlejikmek to get tiredlejini çykarmak to wear outlenç bolmak to behackneyed; tritel; banallenta ribbonleñkewut spiderlerzana gelmek to shudderletde scraplezzet pleasurelezzetli 1. sweet; pleasingto taste 2. sweet; delightfulläbik I. slush II. muddy;troubled; poppyläle kakmak to sing the"Läle Jana" (traditionalTurkmen song)läle poppylälezar meadowlälezarlyk meadowlälik coddled; effeminateläliklik effeminatenessläsh 1. corpse; body 2.carcassläshermek to wallowlokga lump; clodlokgalamak to crumplelomaÿ söwda wholesalelomaÿ wholesalelomaÿlygyna wholesalelomaylygyna satmak tosell wholesaleloñkuldamak to be afraid oflopbush chubby; plumplorsuldamak firelotereÿa r. lotterylowlamak to blaze; flare uplowurdamak 1. to shine;glitter 2. to sparkle 3. toblazelowurdawuk brilliantlowurdy 1. lustre; shine 2.flame; blazelödere grounds;sediment;thicketlüñ basmak to do theboundary striplüñ borderlüÿk slush; mudlÿstra r. chandelierlÿuk r. hatch (way)lybas clothinglygyrdamak to gurglelygyrdy gurglelyzha r. ski; skiinglyzhaçy r. skierlyzhaly r. ski...Mmadda 1. matter;substance 2. articlemaddy materialmadyrdamak to talk;chattermagallaklamak to appearin the distancemagaryf enlightenment,educationmagaryfçy educatormagazin r. shopmagdan oremagistral highway,thoroughfaremaglumat report, messagemagnit r. magnetmagnitofon r. taperecordermagtamak to praisemagtanç praisemagtanmak to brag, toboastmahal timemahanika r. mechanicsmahlasy in a word; in shortmahmal plushmahrum devoidmahsus characteristicmakala article (ofmagazine)maksat aim, purposemaksatly having a specificpurposemakul acceptablemakulatura 1. pagesspoiled in printing 2.rubbishmakullamak to approve ofmal cattle, livestockmal-mülk 1. property 2. fig.belongingsmala harrowmalalamak to harrowmaldar animal breedermaldarçylyk livestockbreedingmaliÿe financemaliÿeleçdirmek to financemama 1. pox 2. small poxmamla right, correctmanat Turkmen (andAzerbaijanian) currencymandarin tangerine;mandarin

Turkmen/English Dictionary 41maner 1. riding academy;riding school 2. circusarena 3. playpenmanÿowr r. maneuvermany meaningmanyly rich in content;informativemanysyz 1. having nomeaning; senseless 2.pointlessmaña to memañlaÿ 1. forehead; brow2. frontalmañlaÿly 1. happy 2.lucky; fortunatemaral fallow deermarçal r. marshallmarka r. 1. postage stamp2. make, model; brandmarksistik r. marxistmarksizm r. marxismmarksizm-leninizm r.marxism-leninismmarmelad r. fruit jellies;candymart r. Marchmasçtab scale (of a map)masgara shamefulmasgarabaz jestermasgaralamak to disgracemasgarçylyk shame,disgracemaska r. 1. mask 2. guisemaskarad r. masquerademaslahat 1. advice, council2. conferencemaslahatçy advisermaslahatlaçmak toconsult; seek advicemaslahatlaçylyk coordinated, concertedmaslahatla?mak to confermaslyk dead body, corpse,cadavermassa r. massmassa£ r. massagema?gala family (can beused to refer to wife, wifeand husband, or entirefamily)ma?gala family, wife,householdma?galaly adj. familyma?inist r. machinist,mechanicma?inistka r. 1. (woman)mechanic 2. typistma?inka r. machinema?k exercisema??armak to become flat;flatten outma??artmak to flattenma?yn 1. machine 2.automobilemata cloth; fabricmatal riddle; puzzlematematika r.mathematicsmatematiki r.mathematicalmaterial r. materialmaterialistik r.materialisticmaterializm r. materialismmaterik continent;mainlandmateriÿa r. 1. matter 2.material, fabricmatros r. sailor, seamanmawlamak to meowmawut smooth woolenclothmawy 1. light/sky blue2.pinkmawzoleÿ r. mausoleummaÿ 1. May 2. moment;instantmaÿa 1. camel 2. leaven,ferment 3. n. fundmaÿda small; minutemaÿdal 1. moderate 2.temperatemaÿdalamak to crush;grindmaÿka r. t-shirtmaÿlamak to becomewarm; warm upmaÿmyn monkey; apemaÿor r. majormaÿrylmak 1. to strainoneself 2. to crack up;break downmaÿsa 1. field of grain 2.field of endeavormaÿyçgak 1. flexible 2.supplemaÿyçgaklyk flexibilitymaÿyl warmmaÿyllyk warm weathermaÿyp disabled person,invalidmaÿyplyk disabilitymaÿyrmak 1. to blow up 2.to subvertmaza pleasuremazaly 1. calmly 2.pleasantmazar gravemazarçylyk cemeterymazmun maintenance;upkeepmazmuny contentme used as English: "takeit!", "here!"mebel furnituremeçew bermek 1. to sic (adog on somebody,something) 2. coll. to setpeople against each othermedal r. medalmedeni culturalmedeniÿet cultural, culturemedeniÿeti culturemedeniÿetli culturalmedisina r. medicine (thescience of)meger used as English: "itcan be"mehanik r. mechanicmehanizasiÿa r.mechanizationmehanizator r. specialistin mechanizationmehanizm r. mechanismmehanizmleçdirmek r. tomechanizemejal powers, strengthmejbur etmek to enforcemejbur forcedmejbury compulsorymejlis conferencemekan 1. inhabited area,place where people live 2.edge; rim, brimmekdep schoolmekgejöwen cornmekir sly, craftymekirlik cunning, guilemel r. chalkmele 1. pale; yellow, strawcolored 2. beigemelhem panaceamellek yard; piece of landfor individual usemen I; memen-menlik conceitmenek spot, stain; blemishmeniñçe used as English:"In my opinion..."; "Ithink..."menÿu r. menumenzil distancemeñzeç similarmeñzeçlik similarity,likeness, resemblancemeñzemek to resemble, tolook likemeñze? similar,resemblance

Turkmen/English Dictionary 42meñzetme comparisonmeñzetmet to likenmerdana bravely,courageouslymerdiwan 1. stairs;stairway 2. laddermergen exceptional hunter;marksmanmergenlik accuracy,marksmanshipmergi choleramerhum the deceasedmeridian r. meridianmerkeleçdirmek tocentralizemerkez centermerkezi centralmermer adj. marblemert 1. brave, courageous2. manlymertebe 1. dignity 2. merit;virtuemertlerçe bravely,courageouslymertlik couragemes 1. gay, merry, cheerful2. prosperous, affluent 3.well fed, fat, plump 4.fertilemese-mälim obviouslymesele taskmeselem for examplemesge buttermesgen dwelling, abode;living quartersmesi boots (Turkmentraditional)meslik 1. gaiety,cheerfulness 2. prosperity,affluenceme?gul busy; occupiedme?gullanmak to beoccupied (with); to beengaged (in)me?hur celebrated; famousme?hurlyk famemetal r. metalmetallurgiÿa r. metallurgymetbugat 1. seal; stamp 2.the press, news mediametjit mosquemetod r. methodmetodik r. methodicalmetodika r. methodsmetodist r. methodist (onewho is skilled inmethodologies)metr r. metermetro r. subwaymetropoliten r. subwaymeÿdan 1. field 2. clearing(in the woods)meÿdança ground, site;areameÿil 1. interest 2. wishmeÿillenmek to wish for,desiremeÿit dead body, corpse,cadavermeÿletin voluntarymeÿletinçi volunteermäde stomachmähelle n. crowdmähir lovemähirli adj. nice; pleasant;warmmähirsiz unpleasant,disagreeablemähnet huge, enormous;tremendousmähri compassionmähriban dearmäkäm strong, durablemäkämlemek tostrengthen, reinforcemäkiÿan henmälemek to bleatmälim known, definitemämi?i orangemäreke n. crowdmä? a little green pea-likebean used to make soupmä?e cock, hammer (of afirearm)mätäç bolmak to needmätäç needymätäçlik need (implies direneed)mäz glandmikrob r. microbe; germmikrofon r. microphonemikroscop r. microscopemilisioner r. policemanmilisiÿa r. the police,militiamillet nation, nationalitymilli nationalmilliard r. billion (inAmerican English), milliard(British English)millimetr r. millimetermillion r. millionmilt daremilt etmek to daremineral r. mineralministr r. ministerministrlik r. ministryminnetdar grateful,appreciativeminnetdarlyk gratitude,appreciationminomÿot r. mortarminus r. 1. minus sign 2.subzero, below zero (oftemperature)minut r. minuteminutlyk r. 1. adj. minute2. momentarymiras 1. inheritance 2.heritagemiras almak to inheritmirasçy successormis coppermisli like; just asmissiÿa r. mission(assignment)miting r. mass meeting,rallymiwe fruitmiweçilik fruit growing (asan agricultural practice)miwelemek to bear fruitmiweli adj. fruit, fruitymiÿesser to have occasion(to)mizemez unshakable,unwaivering, steadfastmobilizasiÿa r.mobilizationmobilizlemek r. tomobilizemoda r. fashion, stylemodel r. modelmolamak to moo; bellowmoldowan Moldovanmolekula moleculemolekulÿar molecularmolla mullahmonça bolmak to be glad,happy; to rejoicemongol Mongolmonjugatdy Turkmennational game for girls onlyplayed during the MuslimNew Yearmonjuk 1. beads 2.necklacemonta¡ r. assembly;installationmontÿor r. fittermonument r. monumentmonumental r.monumentalmoral r. morals; moralitymordwin r. Mordrin (anethnicity of Central Europeand Russia)moro¡ny r. ice-creammotor r. motor, engine

Turkmen/English Dictionary 43motosikl r. motorcylemoÿmuldamak to waddlemöçber volumemöhlet 1. term of office 2.period of time; in a shorttimemöhletli urgent; pressingmöhüm 1. important 2.necessary, essentialmöjek 1. insect, bug 2.wolfmölerilmek to glare, tostaremölertmek to stare wideeyedmön naivemöññürmek to roarmör-möjek insectsmöwç almak to spreadterror; to rage; to wreakhavocmöwkemek to ragemöwrit timemöwsüm seasonmöÿ spidermuçakgat difficultymuçdak admirer, devoteemugallym teachermugallyma teacher(female)mugt free (of charge)mukaddes sacred, holymukam melodymukdar quantity; amount;numbermum waxmundan öñ ago, beforemurt moustachemurtly moustached, with abig moustachemusulman Moslem,Muslimmuzeÿ r. museummübärek congratulationmüçderi client; customermüçgil difficult, hardmüdir manager (of), head(of)mümkin 1. possible 2.used as the english "may"or "can": Çilim çekmekmümkinmi? = Can Ismoke? Is it permissibleto smoke?mümkinçilik etmek toenablemümkinçilik possibility,chancemümkingadar as far aspossiblemünmek 1. to mount,board, get on 2. to ascendmüñ thousandmüñküldemek to tremble,shiver, shakemüñkür insecure, selfdoubtingmüñkürlenmek to doubt, tohave doubtsmüñkürlik n. doubtmürçük wrinkledmürepbe n. jam (as injelly)mürrelmek to becomewrinkledmürrük wrinkledmüÿn consciousnessmüÿnli guilty, at fault, toblamemüÿnürgemek to feeluneasy, self-couscious,awkwardmüzzermek to turn sourmyçmak 1. to miss, flypast(a target) 2. to race,speed alongmydama alwaysmydamalaÿyn forever, forgoodmydar 1. strength 2. lifemyh nail (metal)myhman 1. guest 2.foreignermyhmanhana 1. hotel 2.guest room; receivingroommyhmansöÿer hospitablemyhmansöÿerlik hospitalitymyjabat n. slander, libelmyjjarmak° to become soft,flabbymyjjyk° soakedmylakat friendliness,affabilitymylakatly open-hearted;amiable, affablemylaÿym 1. warm 2.pleasant, nice 3.polyester; rayonmylaÿymlyk pleasantnessmylkarmak to becomeoverripemynasybetli 1. devoted to2. dedicated (i.e. a bookdedicated to someone)mynasyp bolmak todeservemynasyp worthy (of),deserving (of)mynçgamak to knead; work(i.e. clay, leather)mynjyramak to break intopieces, shattermynjyratmak to smash,shattermyrat wish; desiremyrtar bad, poormysal examplemysal üçin for examplemysala appearance;exteriormyssarmak 1.to lower, letdown 2. to wilt; withermyssyk 1. faded orwithered 2. soft; mild;gentlemy?-my? rumors, talk

Turkmen/English Dictionary 44Nna emphatic suffixnabat sweetnaçalinik r. chief; head,bossnadan ignorantnadanlyk ignorancenadara scandalousnadaralyk scandalnadyl offendednadyllyk offence; insultnagt available, on handnagy? 1. n. ornamentaldesign; decorative pattern2. adj. intricatenagy?çekmek to embroidernagy?lamak 1. to decorate;embellish; adorn 2. toembroidernah adj. cottonnahal seedling, saplingnahar 1. meal 2. foodnaharhana 1. cafeteria,dining hall 2. dining roomnaharlamak 1. to feed 2. tonurse, sucklenakyl proverbnal horseshoenala 1. n. groan, moan 2.complaintnalaç 1. forced, underduress 2. unintentionally,unwillinglynalajedeÿin clumsy, ineptnalamak 1. to forge 2. tostuff, fill, cramnalamak 1. to groan; moan2. to complain (about) 3.to lamentnaly? complaintnaly?ly plaintive, mournfulnamart coward, cowardlynamartlamak to be acoward; be afraid; get coldfeetnamartlyk cowardicenamaz prayernamys 1. self-worth;conscience 2. shame;sense of shamenamysjañ dignitynan breadnar pomegranitenarpyz mintnarpyzly adj. mint, mintynarÿad 1. order; warrant 2.dutynas green powder used likechewing tobacconasos n. pumpnaturalist r. naturalistnaw lognaÿça ovarynaÿçalamak to formnaÿynjar 1. pitiful, pathetic2. plaintive, mournfulnaÿynsap unscrupulous;unconscionablenaÿza bayonetnaÿzalamak to prick; stabnazar look, glance; view,sightnazarkerde adj.representativene negative particlenebere relativesnebis profit; advantage;gainnebisjeñ adj. mercenarynebisjeñlik self-interest;mercantilismnebit 1. oil, petroleum 2.kerosenenebitçi oil workernebitli adj. containing oilnebsewür adj. mercenarynebsewürlik self-interest;mercantilismnegr r. dark-skinnedpersonnejat going out; coming out;emergencenejis 1. adj. foul, nasty 2.n. scoundrelnem 1. moisture 2. mucusnemes Germannemjiremek to be coveredwith mistnemlenmek to bedampenednemli 1. humid; moist;damp 2. slimyneneñ which? what?neneñsi which? what?nepis elegant; gracefulnepislik elegance; gracenerw r. nervenesibe fate, destinynesihat preceptnesil 1. generation 2.descendants, posteritynesÿe dutyne?ir ediji publisherne?ir etmek to publishne?ir issuance,promulgationne?irÿat publishing housene?irÿatçy publishernetije 1. result 2.conclusionnetijede consequentlynetijeli effective; successfulnetijelilik effectivenessnetijesiz ineffective;unsuccessfulnäbelet unfamiliar,unknownnäbeletçilik unfamiliaritynäbeletlik unfamiliaritynäbelli unknownnäbileÿin unable to beknown, unknowablenäçe how much?näçelik of what number?näçenji which? whatnumber?näden how much?nädogry wrong, incorrectnägile dissatisfied;discontented; displeasednägilelik dissatifaction;discontent; displeasurenähak vain, futilenähili 1. how? 2. whatkind? what sort?näho? unhealthy, not wellnäho?lamak to become illnäho?lyk illnessnälaÿyk unworthynälet curse; damnation,perditionnäletlemek to curse, todamnnäme üçin whynäme what?nämede bolsa birzat anythingnämälim unknownnärazy dissatisfiednärazyçylyk wail, scream,outcrynärazylyk dissatisfactionnäsag bolmak to be illnäsag unhealthy, ill, sicknäsaglamak to become illnäsaglyk illnessnätany? unknownnätany?lyk ignorancenätmek what to do?nätüÿsli 1. how? 2. whatkind? what sort?näwagt whennäz 1. coquetry; flirting 2.whim; caprice

Turkmen/English Dictionary 45näzenin beautiful women; abeautynäzik 1. tender; gentle;delicate 2. thinnäzirgemek 1. to flirt 2. tobe capriciousnäzli coquettish; flirtatiousnika marriagenikala?mak to marrynil trunk (of a tree)nire where? what place?nirede whereniÿet intentionniÿetlemek to mean;intend; design (for)nobat n. queue, turn-takingnobat tutmak to queue upnobatçy adj. on dutynobatçylyk n. dutynobatdaky next; immediateat handnobatky next; immediate athandnogaÿ Nogai (ethnicity ofthe Caucuses)nogsan ?nogta halter (for a horse)nogtalamak to bridle ahorsenohut peasnokat 1. dot 2. peroid(punctuation)nokatma-nokat exactlynol r. zero; naughtnomer r. numbernomerlemek r. to numbernorma r. norm; standardnormal r. normalnosil??ik r. porternota r. note (musical); note(diplomatic)notarius r. notarynotorial r. adj. notary(attribute)noÿabr r. Novembernoÿba kidney beansnukdaÿnazar point of viewnur ray; beamnurana good looking;handsomenurbat screwnusga 1. sample; specimen2. copy 3. examplenyglamak to underlinenygtamak to emphasizenyrh price, feenyrhlamak to appraise;evaluate; assessnysan almak to take aimnysan symbol/aimny?an 1. mark, sign 2. sign3. badgeny?ana target; markny?analamak to take aimnyzam 1. formation 2.marchingOoba hojalygy agricultureoba villageobaçylyk territory wherethere are villagesobada? people from thesame villageobaly persons from village(attrib.)oblast provinceobraz hero (fictional)oburmak to erodeoburylmak to be erodedobÿekt r. 1. object 2.building siteobÿektiw r. objective;unbiasedoçerk essay; sketchoçko point (in a game)odekolon r. cologneodeÿal r. blanketodun woodofiser r. officerofiserlik officer's messofisian r. waiteroglan boyoglan-uçak little childrenoglanlyk childhoodogramak to thieveogrulyk theftogry thiefogryn secretogrynça imperceptibly;insensiblyog?amak to kissog?a?mak to kiss eachotherogul son; boyogul-gyz boys and girlsogulhajat ring fingerogullyk adopted childogurlamak to stealogurlyk theftogu?ÿa to be found (to be);to turn out (to be)ojak 1. hearth 2. center;seat (of war)ojar haloxylonok 1. arrow 2. axisok-dari ammunitionokamak to read, studyokatmak to teachokdurylmak to dash; dartokean r. oceanokgunly rapidly; swiftly;promptlyokkupasiÿa r. occupation

Turkmen/English Dictionary 46okkupirlemek to occupyoklamak 1. to toss 2. toload; chargeoklaw rolling pinoklukirpi porcupineoktÿabr Octoberokudyjy teacherokuma whitlowokuw studiesokuwçy pupilokuwly educatedokyjy person who reads atthe libraryol she, he, itolar theyolimpiada r. olympiadolja trophies; spoils (of war)olluk possessiveolrug regionoltañ sole of a shoeolum ford; passage;crossingomurmak to breakomuz shoulderomzamak to emphasize; tostresson tenonçakly not veryonda then; soondan hem ba?ga inaddition to; besidesongunlyk ten daysonluk ten (noun)onsoñ so thenonunjy tenthonÿyllyk ten yearsonyança while; for the timebeingoñ successoñarmak to cope; deal;manageoñat goodoñatlandyrmak to makesomething betteroñatla?mak to becomebetteroñaÿly favorable; propitiousoñaÿsyz unfavorable; notpropitiousoñlamak to agreeoñluk well-being; prosperityoñly goodoñmak to be satisfiedoññut conditionsoñ?uk peaceoñ?ukly peacefuloñ?uksyz not peacefuloñ?uksyzluk unrestoñurga spineoñu?mak to be compatibleopera r. operaoperasiÿa r. operationopmak broken (used forlarge things)opurmak to destroyopurylmak to be destroyedopuryly?yk disruption;frustrationorak sickleorakçy sickleroramak coverorbita r. orbitorbital r. orbitalorden order; decorationordenli decorated personorfografik r. orthographicorfografiÿa r. orthography;spellingorgan r, organ (biol.)organik r. organicorganizm r. organismorkestr r. orchestraormak to reaporna?dyrmak to inculcateorna?mak to work out; tosettle down; to get fixed uporna?ykly comfortablyors Russianorsça Russian languageorsÿet Russiaorta center; middleortaçal averageortak participleortaky middle (adj.)ortanjy middle (adj.)orun placeorunbasar deputyorunbasary understudyorunly localosetin nationalityoslagsyz unexpectedoslamak to expectosmak to supposeot 1. grass 2. fireot- çöp twigsot- iÿm feedotag roomotamak to destroy (crops)otarmak to feed grass (tocows etc.)otctawka r. dismissalotkrytka r. postcardotlamak 1. to eat grass 2.to burnotliçnik r. person at the topotliçno r. excellentotluçöp matchotluk grassy areaotly trainotnositel relativeotno?enie r. attitudesotrisatel negativeotrÿad detachmentotur commaoturgyç chairoturmak sitoturtmak to plantoturyly?yk meeting; partyoturymly localotuz thirtyotuzynjy thirtiethowadan beautifulowadanlamak to makebeautifulowadanlanmak to bebeautifiedowadanlyk beautyowarra "go away!" "go far!"owarram "to hell with it!"owaz soundowaza 1. absolute pitch 2.rumour; hearsayowazlanmak to be heardowgan of Afghanistanowkalamak to massage; towork upowlak baby goatowlaklamak to give birth toa goatowmak to crumbleownamak to become smallownatmak 1. to make smal2. to change money ( tobreak a bill)ownuk little ; smallownukçyl petty; triflingowranmak to crumbleowratmak to makesomething crumbleowuç a handfulowuntyk crumbowurt gulpoÿ idea; thoughtoÿ-pikir serious ideas; deepthoughtsoÿa awakeoÿaly-ukuly half asleep;dozingoÿanmak to wake upoÿarmak to awaken; calloÿkamak 1. to rub 2. tograte; grindoÿkanjyramak to fidgetoÿkanmak to rub oneselfoÿlamak to supposeoÿlamazdan at randomoÿlanma considerationoÿlanmak to reason;debate

Turkmen/English Dictionary 47oÿlany?ykly well thoughtout; consideredoÿlany?yksyz not wellthought outoÿlap tapmak to inventoÿlap tapyjy inventoroÿlyk oasisoÿmak 1. thimble 2. v. tohollow; chisel; gougeoÿnamak to playoÿnatgy laughing stock;butt of a jokeoÿnawaç toyoÿtak naturally formedbakjaoÿun gameoÿunçy playeroÿunjak toyozal beforeozaldan a long time in thepast; from timeimmemorialozallar a long time agoozalynda at the verybeginningozmak to overtakeÖöç vengeanceöçen extinctöçgün matted, dullöçmek to extinguishöçügsi matt, dullöçürmek to put out, to turndown (a fire or light)öçürmek to switch offödek oesophagus; gulletödemek to vindicateöermek to marry a man tosomeone elseögemek to vomitöjükdirmek to stir upagainstöjükmek to becomefurious; to get madökde able; skillfulökdelemek to be able;capableökje heelökünç regret; sorrowökünmek to pity; to regretöküz bullöl wetölçeg size, measureölçemek to measureölçeÿi? measurementöldürmek to killöli deadölinça until one dies; allone's lifeöljermek to become wetöllemek to wetölmek to dieölmez-ÿitmez immortal;timelessöl?ermek to cogitate, thinkhard about somethingöl?ük slaughter, butcheryölüm deathölüm derejesi death rateölüm-ÿitim deathsömür lifeömürlik lifelong, for lifeöndürijilik productivity,outputöndürmek to produceönmek 1. to be born 2. togrow up, mature 3. toproduceönüm productönümcilik productionönüp-ösmek to grow upöñ 1. in the past 2. in thefrontöñ 1. ago, past 2. frontöñdelik first placeöñden from many yearsago, from time immemorialöñinçä earlier, beforeöñki previous, formeröñkülik previous situationöññil year before lastöññin day before yesterdayöñünde in front oföñürdiklemek to gallopöñürti before, at firstöñürtmek to be the first, toleave behindöñüsyra beforeöpmek to kissöpüçmek to kiss each otheröpü? kissör to get upördek duckörän veryörgün eruption, rashörgünli typhys, spottedfeveröri pastureörk leashörklemek to tie, to leash, tofastenörküç humpörmek 1. to knit 2. to braid3. to break out (in a rash)örtmek to coverörüzmek to wake someoneupösdürmek to grow,cultivateösgün longösmek to grow, developössürim fourteenösümlik n. plantösü? growth, developmentöt bile, gallöte veryötegçi passerbyötelge passageötelgesi mountain passageöten lastötgür sharpötmek 1. to cross, to gothrough 2. to burnötri therefore, that's whyötunmenk to apologizeötünç apologyötünç soramak toapologizeötürmek to put through ahole, to threadöweç a lamb two years ofage

Turkmen/English Dictionary 48öwelmek to gapeöweÿ step- (mother, father),adoptedöwez compensationöwgi praiseöwgn praiseöwlüÿa cemeteryöwmek to compliment;praiseöwre 1. times 2. roundöwrendekli 1. habit 2.chronicöwreni?dirmek tofamiliarizeöwreni?mek to get used to;become accustomedöwrenje novice; amateuröwrenmek to learnöwretmek to teach, instructöwrülip in the future; fromnow on; henceforthöwrüli?ik overturn;revolutionöwrülmek 1. turn oneselfover 2. to returnöwrüm n. turnöw?ün öwü?ginöwülÿä graveyardöwünjeñ braggardöwünjeñlik boastingöwünmek to boast; bragöwürmek to turnsomethingöwüsgin breezeöwüsmek to blowöwü?gin brilliance; shineöwüt-nesihat advisorsöÿ hojalykçy homemakeröÿ house; homeöÿ-i?ik family houseöÿjük nestöÿke offence; injuryöÿke-kine injuries; offencesöÿkelek touchy; sensitiveöÿkelemek to be offended;take offenceöÿkeli offended; hurtöÿken lungöÿkünmek to imitate, tomimicöÿle afternoonöÿle/öÿlän afternoonöÿlendirmek to marry aman to someone elseöÿlenmek to get married(for a man only)öÿlän afternoonöÿtmek to suppose, to thinköz himself; herselföz kelle self-centeredöz-özünden to occurwithout helpözara between two people,mutualözba?dak independentözba?daklyk independence,self-ruleözba?yña wilfullnessözbek Uzbeközbolu?ly original;distinctive; peculiarözelenmek to pray; plead;begözen- nucleus; coreözge anotherözgeri? change; somethingnewözgeri?lik changes;alterationsözgermek to be altered orchangedözgertmek to alter; change; varyözle?dirmek to cope;assimilate; masterözluk gram. passiveözmek to repay a debtözüm myselfözüni alyp bary? behavior,conductözüñe çekmek to attractPpaçak peel, rindpagta cottonpahna wedgepahyr wretchpajalamak to prosper,thrivepak emptypaket r. packetpakgarçak blister, bumppakgarmak to swellpakyrdamak to laughloudlypal yawnpalak rottenpalan r. horseclothpalas r. thin rugpalata r. chamber (ofParliment)palatka r. tentpalçyk mud, claypalçykyldamak to makemuddypallamak to yawnpalta axepaltalamak to chop with anaxepalto r. overcoatpamyk absorbant cottonpanorama r. panoramapansion r. pensionpanys torch, flashlightpañkelle foolpañlamak to bragpapak cappapiros r. Russiancigarettepapka r. folderpara bribeparahat peaceparahatçylyk peaceparahatlanmak to makepeacefulparahatlyk peaceparahor briberparamak 1. to revealoneself 2. to crackparasat wisdomparça scrapparçalamak to scrapparh differenceparhlandyrmak todifferentiateparhly bolmak todistinguishparhly distinctive

Turkmen/English Dictionary 49parhsyz indifferentpark r. parkparkyldamak to plumpen,fattenparkyldy fattenedparlak sunshine, radianceparlamak to radiateparran throughout, throughand throughparta r. deskpartisan r. partisanpartiÿa r. party (political)partladyjy fusepartlama explosionpartlamak to explodepasport r. passportpassiw r. passivepasyl seasonpasyrdamak 1. to soar 2.to wavepasyrdyr fluctuationpa? exposurepa?mak 1. to realize 2.anat. sole (of foot)pata blessingpatlamak to hit, strikepatrak fried cornpatydyr stampingpaty?a kindpaÿ r. portionpaÿa r. by portionspaÿawlamak to finishpaÿçy shareholderpaÿdyrmak to tramplepaÿhas wisdompaÿhasly wisepaÿlamak to dividepaÿlanmak to be dividedpaÿlas?mak to dividepaÿtagt capitalpaÿy? abusivepaza ploughsharepazyl feathers, lashespeç etmek to bakepeçat r. seal, stamppeçatlamak to seal, stamppeçek zool. field loach(fish)peçenÿe r. cookiespedal r. pedalpedelemek to packagepekge dunce, doltpel borderpel çekmek to demarcatepelle finishpellehana finishpelte wickpeltek mispronunciationpelteklemek tomispronouncepena covering, defensepenalamak to defend,shelterpenalanmak to defendoneselfpenje 1. tassle 2. pawpenjek coat, jacketpenjelemek 1. to snatch 2.to fight, scufflepenjire windowpensiÿa r. pensionpen?enbe Wednesdaypent 1. lecture 2.admonitionper featherperbaÿsyz indifferentperde 1. curtain 2.membrane 3. action,activityperesadka r.transplantationperewod r. translationperhaÿlyk indifferenceperik spinning wheelperi?an bolmak to be upsetperi?de angelperizat beautiful womanpero r. featherperron r. platformpers-ala shot up, woundedpersona£h r. personagepersonal r. personalperspektiv r. perspectivepert firmpes 1. short, low 2.undistinguishedpeseletmek to decreasepeseltme reductionpeseltmek to reducepesinden a little at a timepeslemek to decreasepeslik n. decreasepessaÿlamak to land anairplanepe?ehorda sore, ulcerpe?e? giftpe?ew urinepet 1. bravery 2. starchpetde pack, small stackpete-pet face to facepetek anat. inner solepeteke croppeteñ etmek to be tired, fedup withpetilemek to lockpetir r. unleavened breadpeti? stuffy, sultrypeti?lik stuffinesspetle r. loop, stitchpetlemek to stitch uppetretmek to starepeÿa r. landscapepeÿda bolmak to emergepeÿda n. usepeÿdalanmak to makeoneself usefulpeÿdaly usefulpeÿdasyz uselesspeÿnir cheesepeÿwagtna 1. in one's way2. idle, aimlesspeÿwent etmek 1. toinoculate 2. to graftpäendeki "paendeky", awinter melonpähim reasonpähimli reasonablepäk pure, clean, clearpäki razorpäkize cleanpäkizelik cleanlinesspäklik honestypäl intentionpälwan fighter, heropäsgel bermek to botherpäsgelçilik obstaclespianino r. pianopianist r. pianistpida sacrificepide haydustpijama r. pajamaspikerde? like-mindedpikir 1. thought, idea,opinion 2. intention,purposepikir etmek to thinkpikirlenmek to thinkpil I. elephant II. shovelpilçe shoulder bladepile cocoonpilot r. pilotpilotka r. female pilotpionir r. pioneerpionirlyk r. pioneer dayspirim trick, strategem,artificepirog r. cakepiro£ny r. little cakespis 1. bad 2. sufferingpisint oturmak to likepislemek to go badpisse pistachiopistolet r. pistolpi?ek crutchpi?ik catpi?me r. fried breadpiti potpitiki n. crack

Turkmen/English Dictionary 50pitikilemek 1. to click one'stongue 2. to snap one'sfingerspitirdemek 1. to vomit 2.to crawl awaypitne mutiny, rebellionpitnesi rebelpiwa r. beerplakat r. poster, placardplan r. planplana?dyrmak r. to planplaneta r. planetplanetara r. betweenplanetsplanly r. plannedplanlyk r. planningplastilin r. plasticineplastinka r. vinyl recordpla? r. raincoatplatforma r. platformpleÿonka r. film, roll of filmplita r. 1. slab 2. stove,rangeplomwa r. filling (for atooth)plomwalamak r. to seal,fill inplug r. plowplÿa£ r. beachplÿus r. pluspoçerk r. hand-writingpoçta mail, postpoçtalon r. mailmanpodo? r. anat. solepodpole r. n. undergroundpodpoleçnyÿ r. adj.undergroundpodrazdelenie r.subdivisionpodwal r. cellar, basementpodÿezd r. 1. driveway,entrance 2. porchpoema r. poempoeztik r. poeticpogon r. shoulder strappokry?ka r. cover, lidpol r. 1. floor 2. half 3.sexpola£hitel r. affirmativepolat steelpoliklinika r. polyclinicpoliteknika r. polytechnicpolk r. 1. regiment 2. shelfpolkownik r. colonelpollamak 1. to lay, spread2. to pavepolotenste r. towelpolotno r. linenpolÿak r. Polepolÿar r. polarpolÿus r. pole, terminalpomidor r. tomatopopulÿar r. popularporo?ak r. powderporsy stench, stinkporsyn r. bed sheetpor?en r. portionport 1. brittle, frail, fragile 2.r. portportfel r. briefcaseportret r. portraitportsiÿa r. portionportugal r. Portugalpos rustposly rustypossun fur (coat)post r. 1. post 2. fast(religious)posulka r. parcelposÿolok r. settlementpotolok r. ceilingpotratçylyk contractpotratlaÿyn piece (of work)powest r. storypowestka r. summonspozitsiÿa r. positionpökgi 1. ball 2. chubby,plumppökremek to swellpökretmek to inflatepraktika r. practicepredmet r. objectpremera r. premierprentsip r. principlepreparat r. preparationpres-konferentisiÿa r.press conferencepreslemek to pressprezent child, babyprezi queen (in chess)prezident r. presidentprezidium r. presidiumprintsipal r. of principlepristan r. pier, quaypristawka r. prefixpriz r. prizeproblema r. problemprofessional r.professionalprofessor r. professorprofsoÿuz r. trade unionprognoz r. prognosisprograma r. programprogres r. progressprogressiw r. progressiveprogul etmek to shirkprogul truancyprojhektor r. searchlightprokuratura r. office of thepublic prosecutorprokuror r. publicprosecutorproletariat r. proletariatproletor r. proletarianpropaganda r. propogandapropagandirlemek r. topropagatepropusk r. omission,blank, absenceprospekt r. avenueprotest r. protestprotez r. artificial limbprotokol r. protocolprotsent r. percentprotses r. processprowlenie r. 1. government2. management, board,administrationprowodnik r. guide,conductorprowokatsiÿa r.provocationproÿekt r. project, planproÿektirlemek to projectproza r. proseprozaçi r. prose writerpru£in r. spring, sourcepuç empty, hollowpudak branch, twigpudaklamak to branch outpugta 1. firm, solid, longlasting,durable 2. seriouspugtalandurmak 1. toconsolidate 2. to stabilizepugtalyk firmnesspukara n. poorpukaralyk povertypul moneypulemÿot r. machine gunpunkt r. 1. station, place2. point, itempunktuatsiÿa punctuationpursat time, momentpu?man etmek to regret,pitypu?man getermek tocompelpu?man regret, pityputÿowka r. pass, permitpür crownpürepür overcrowded,overflowingpürepürlemek to overfillpürkmek splash, shuffle,sprinklepürs 1. hollow 2. beampÿan drunkpÿure r. pureepyçak knife, bladepyçaklamak to knife, stab

Turkmen/English Dictionary 51pyçgy sawpygamber prophetpygyl intention, design,purposepykyrdamak 1. to seethe2. to chuckle, gigglepylan a certain, somepylança a certain (time,amount)pylçamak to crack, strikepyntyk 1. bud 2. kidneypyntyklamak 1. to enlist,recruit 2. to dial(telephone)pyñkyrmak to leappyrlamak 1. to twist, twirl2. to roll uppyrlanmak to twist oneselfpyssarmak 1. to wither,fade 2. to give up hopepy?baga turtlepy?dyl turtlepy?yrdamak to whisperpy?yrdy whisperpytramak 1. to crumble 2.to dispersepyÿada by footpyÿadalamak to go by footpyÿalu?ka little cuppyzmak to hurl, flingRradio r. radioradionpryomnik r.receiving setradiostantsiÿa r. radiostationradiouzel r. radio centerradist r. radio operatorradius r. radiusrahat 1. peace 2. peaceful;quietrahat peacefulrahatlanmak to calm down;subside; become quietrahatlyk rest; repose; peacerahatsyzlandyrmak toalarm; disquiet; disturbrahatsyzlanmak to beupset; anxious; alarmedraketa r. rocketraport r. raportrasçÿot r. calculation;estimation; settlement ofaccountsraspisaniÿe r. scheduleratsionaçylyk r. rationalityratsionalizator rationalistraund r. round (of acompetition)raÿat nationality; citizenshipraÿat- bolmak to become acitizenraÿda? someone insympathy with othersraÿda?lyk solidarityraÿon r. regionrazrÿad r. category; classrazwedka r. 1. geol,prospecting 2.reconnaissance party 3.secret servicerazwedkaçy r. 1. scout 2.secret service officer,intelligence officerrazÿlyk 1. contentment ;satisfaction 2. agreementrazy 1. content ; satisfied 2.agreeablerazybolmazlyk disagreementrazy in agreement withrazyla?mak 1. to make anagreement 2. to forgive 3.to reconcilerazyla?mak to agreerazylyk harmonyreaksion r. reactionaryreaksiÿa r. reactionreaktiw r. reactivereal r. realrealistik r. realisticrealizm r. realismredaksion r. editingredaksiÿa r. editorial staffredaktirlemek r. to editredaktor r. editorredaktorlyk r. editorshiprediska r. radishreforma r. reformregbi r. rugbyregbiçi r. rugby playerregistrasiÿa r. registrationregistratura r. registryregistrirlemek r. toregisterregulirlemek r. to regulateregulÿar r. regularrehim pity, compassionrehimdar generous,compassionate, sorrowfulrehimli generous,compassionate, sorrowfulrehimsiz ruthless,heartless, soullessreje 1. sign, feature,characteristic 2. order,way, conditionsrejelemek to bring, lead,result inrejeli accurate, punctual,neat, tidyreklama r. advertisementrekomendasiÿa r.recommendationrekord r. recordrektor r. president, rector,chancellorrektorlyk r. rectorshiprels r. rails, trackremont r. repair(s)rende planerendelemek to planerentgen r. X-ray(s)reñbe-reñ multi-coloredreñk 1. paint 2. colorreñklemek to paint, colorreñkli colorful, coloredrepetisiÿa r. rehearsalreplika r. replicaresmi official, formalresmile?dirmek to form,shape, legalizerespublika r. republicrespublikan r. republicanrestoran r. restaurantresurs r. resource

Turkmen/English Dictionary 52ret etmek to deflect,dissuade, rejectretsept r. reciperewolÿusion r.revolutionaryrewolÿusiÿa r. revolutionreÿs r. flight, voyage, triprezerw r. reserve(s)rezhim r. regimerezhissÿor r. stagemanagerrezin r. rubberrezolÿusiÿa r. resolutionrähnet 1. well-being 2.blissrähnetli blissfulrifma r. rhymerol r. part, rolerolik r. rollerrom r. rhombusroman r. novelrota r. companyrowa bolmak to be worthyrowa worthy, well-deservedrowaç successful, goodrowaçlanmak to attainsuccessrowaÿat legend, storyroÿal r. grand pianoröw?en radiant, brilliant,light, joyfulruçka r. penrugsat permissionruh I. soul, spirit, mood II.r. rook (of chess)ruh spirit, soulruhlandyrmak to inspireruhlanmak to feel inspiredruhubelent inspiredruhubelentlik inspirationruhy spiritual, mental,ecclesiastical, religiousrul r. steering wheelrumyn r. Romanianrus Russianrusça Russian languagerusçalamak to speak inRussianrÿadowoÿ 1. r. ordinary 2.r. private (class of soldier)rÿukzak r.rucksack,backpackSsabamak 1. to diminish 2.to release, to get rid of 3.to be emptysabyn soapsabynlamak to wash withsoapsabyr et "God bless you"(said after a sneeze)sabyr patiencesabyrly patientsabyrlylyk patiencesaç hairsaç örümi braid, plaitsada 1. simple 2. sinceresadalyk simplicitysadap buttonsag aman safelysag I. health sag bol!=behealthy/thank you! II. rightsag-gurgun sag-gurgungezip ÿöremek=to be in agood mood, healthysagalmak to recoversagat I.healthy II. 1. watch2. hoursagatlyk hour's worthsagdyn healthysagdynla?dyrmak to cure,treat, take care ofsagdyrmak to makesomeone milk a cowsaglyk healthsagmak to milksagry back of ahorse/donkeysagym miragesagymçy milkmaidsagynmak to pause,hesitate, delaysahap coversahna stagesahypa pagesak vigilant, watchfulsaka divide, watershedsakar kelle baldsakaw stutterersakçy watchmansakgal beardsaklamak 1. to keep 2. tostore 3. to detain 4. to takecare of, oversee, act as aguardian 5. to retain 6. tosupport 7. to keep fromsomeone 8. to makesomeone do somethingsaklanan second-handsaklanmak to restrain one'sselfsaklaÿy? upkeep,maintenencesakydamak to tweetsakyrdama!=shut up!sakynmak to stuttersakyrtga skin burrowinganimal, chiggersal raftsala advicesalam hisalamla?mak to greet, say"hi"salat r. saladsalawmaleÿkim may peacebe upon yousaldamly heavy, ponderoussalfetka r. napkinsalgamak to wave, flapsalgy atmak to find outaboutsalgylanmak to refer to,citesalgym miragesalgyt tribute, payment, taxsalgyt tölemek=to paytaxessalkym bunch, cluster birsalym üzüm=a bunch ofgrapessalkyn coolsalkynlamak to becomecoolsallah bachelorsallamak to lower, castdown, drop, hangsallançak 1. crib 2. swingsallanmak 1. to hang 2. tobe hungsalmak 1. to place, put 2.to build jaÿ salmak=tobuild a house 3. i?esalmak=to help someoneget a job 4. abraÿdansalmak=to dishonor 5.to pretend not tobilmezlege salmak=topretend not to know,görmezlege salmak=topretend not to seesalparmak to danglesalpy danglingsalÿut r. salutesalyhatly serioussalykatly to be courteoussalym one moment birsalym aÿak çekmek=tostop for one moment

Turkmen/English Dictionary 53samahylamak to chattersaman straw samankelle=stupidsambo wrestlingsamolÿot r. airplanesamramak to mutter,mumblesamsyk fool, stupidsamsyklyk foolishnesssamyrdy mutterings,mumblingssan 1. number 2. amount3. score 4. cardinalnumbers 5. ordinalnumbers 6. weightsan-cyz 1. a great numberof something 2. personwho has lost his authority,credibility, or honorsan-sajak a lot, anexaggerated amountsanaç 1. leather bag 2.bellowssanamak to countsanandarlyk musucianshipsana?mak to talk backsanatoriÿa r. sanatorium,resortsançmak to stab with adaggersandyk chest, hope chestsandyramak to tremble,shake, shuddersandyrawuk trembling,shakingsani r. sledsanitar r. male nursesanjak safety pinsanjamak to pricksanjy colicsanly countedsansyz-sanjak-syz a lotsañalmak sañalypdurmak=to stop numb/stop deadsaññyldamak sandyramak=to shake, shiversap I. 1. cunning 2.shrewdness 3. temptation4. a row II. 1. pure, clean2. morally pure III. handlesap sary yellowestsapa enjoyment, delight,pleasuresapak I. thread II. lessonsapalk evasionsapaly merry, happy,blessedsapar I. time indikisapar=next time II. trip,journeysaplamak to clarify, purify,leansesaplanmak to be cleaned,purifiedsapmak 1. to thread aneedle 2. to immunize aplant 3. to combinesar starling birdsarag bandagesaralmak 1. to becomeyellow 2. to make yellowsaramak 1. to spin 2. towrap 3. to tiesarç cowardlysargamak 1. to confide 2.to ordersargyt commission,message, mission sargytetmek=to go on a missionsarkmak to dripsarkyrmak to makesomething dripsarmak sargamak=1. toconfide 2. to ordersarnamak to mutter,mumblesarp etmek to consumesarpa goÿmak to respectsarpa respectsarsdyrmak to shove, toshakesarsgyn shoving, shakingsarsmak 1. to shudder 2.to quiversarsmaz indestructible,,untouchable, proudsary yellowsarykmak to drysarymsyk garlicsaryÿag clarified butter,gheesaryÿagyz sallow, yellowishsata?mak to meet someonesatmak 1. to sell 2. tobetraysatyjy sellersatyn almak to buysatynalmak to sellsawçy machmakersawçylar matchmakersawçylyk matchmakernesssaÿ sandbank, shoalsaÿgarmak to distinguishsaÿgylamak to whipsaÿhalla?dyrmak to put inorder, organizesaÿlama 1. selected,chosen 2. choicesaÿlamak to choosesaÿlanan chosensaÿlanmak 1. to be chosensaÿlaw electionsaÿlawçy voter, electorsaÿlow election, votesaÿmak I. 1. to consider 2.to think II. 1. to tousle,churn up 2. to beat upsaÿpallamak to subside,hall, decreasesaÿrak singing saÿrakgu?=singing birdsaÿramak to singsaz I. music, musical II.accurate, intactsazak type of treesazanda musiciansazandar musiciansazçylyk adj. musicsazçylyk mekdebi=musicschoolsazlamak to makeaccurate, intactsazla?yk concordant,accordantsazly musical, with musicsebäbi becausesebäp cause, reasonsebäpkär guilty personsebäpli 1. reasonable 2.with an alabisebäpsiz 1. unreasonable2. without an alabiseçek fringeseçekli fringedseçme bulletseçmek 1. to shatter 2. tochoosesegezdan wanderer,vagabondsegsen eightysegseninji eightiethseh r. shop, guildseki porchsekiz eightsekizinji eighthsekmek to appear, emergesekretar r. seretaryseksiÿa r. sectionsekunt r. secondselçen seyÿrek=seldomselçenlemek seÿreklemek=to diminish, reduceseleñ 1. space 2. coolnessseleñlemek to go out intocoolness

Turkmen/English Dictionary 54seljermek to distinguish,determineselle turbansellem bir sellem=a littlebitsellofan r. cellophanesellÿuloza r. celluloseselpemek 1. to trot 2. tolook forsem bolmak to pause,hesitate sem bol!=shut up!semawar r. samovar, waterboilersemek to weigh, to hangout, spread outsemelemek to fumblesememek to fumblesement r. cementsementlemek to cementseminar r. seminarsemiz fat, plumpsemizlik fatness, girth,obesitysemremek to fatten, gainweightsemretmek 1. to get fat 2.to put on weightsen yousenagat industrysene datesenemere edi?mek toquarrelsenet 1. trade, craft 2.occupationsenetçi master, skilledpersonsenetçilik masterseniñçe your way, in yourstylesenitmeter r. centimetersenlik ÿöñkeme "you"pronounsentner r. sentner (100kg.)sentÿabr Septemberseñkildemek to leapseññer rampart, bank, wallseñrik bridge of the noseseñse brain-damaged fromand explosionseñselemek to faintseñselik confusion, bruisesep I. 1. seam, joint 2. row,line, file, series II. dowrysepelemek 1. to shatter 2.to drizzle 3. to spraysepgil frecklesepgit 1. joint 2. hemsepikdirmek to cut outsepikmek to retreatsepi?mek to join, connectseplemek 1. to join,connect 2. to weldsepmek I. 1. to sprawl 2.to fold down II. 1.tosprinkle 2. to shattersep?ik deñ bölemek to cutalong the grainserb r. Serb, Serbianserçe sparrowserçi sparrowserdar leaderserenjam gear, equipmentseresap careful seresapbol=be carefulseresaply carefullyseretmek 1. to look at 2. tolook after 3. to stare 4. toglaresereÿa seriessergezdan bum, vagrantsergezdançylyk hermitage,state of being a vagabondsergezdanlyk hermitage,state of being a vagabondsergi exhibition, showserhet borderserhetçi border guardserho? drunkardseri?de means, remedyserkerde commander,generalsermek to spread outsersag sobersersaglyk sobrietyserzhant r. sergeantses 1. sound 2. voice 3.noiseses-üÿn soundsseslenmek 1. to be heard2. to respondsesli I. andj. sound, talkingII. loud, noisysessiÿa r. sessionsessiz 1. silent 2. mutesetilemk to line up, to putin lines, rowssetin r. satinsetir 1. line 2. rowsetka r. netseÿalka seederseÿil walking, revelry stroll,roam, wanderseÿis horse jockeyseÿislemek to train a horseseÿran etmek to roam,stroll, wanderseÿrek 1. rare, seldom 2.unusualseÿreklemek to diminish,reducesezewar bolmak to facedifficulties and overcomethemsäginmek to pause,hesitate, stopsähel a little, slightlysähelçe a liitle, slightsäher dawnsähra steppesäwlik occasionsfera r. shpereshema r. schemesifr r. figure, numbersifrlemek to count, to figuresignal r. signalsil floodsilindr r. cylindersilkmek 1. to shake 2. tobrush offsilos r. haysiloslamak to make haysiltemek to jolt or shakesim wire, clotheslinesimap mercurysimbol r. symbolsimlemek to becomeinfectedsindirmek to digestsink r. zincsinonim r. synonymsintaksis r. syntaxsintaktik r. syntheticsintenjiremek to fidgetsintez r. synthesissinus r. sinussiñdirmek 1. to absorb 2.to digestsiñe attentivelysiñek flysiñmek 1. to be absorbed2. to be digestedsiññitli 1. to be drizzled 2.soft foodsirk r. circussirke I. lice eggs II. vinegarsirkul r. circlesistema r. systemsistemle?dirmek tosystemizesisterna r. cisternsi?enbe Wednesdaysitada r. quotationsitirlemek to quotesiÿdik winesiz you (pl.)sizingçe your way, as youwould (pl.)skafandr helmut

Turkmen/English Dictionary 55sklad r. storehouseskulptor r. sculptorskulptora r. sculptureskwar r. alleyskwazhina r. motorizedwater pumpslawÿan r. Slavicslesar r. plumberslÿot r. congresssmena r. period, shiftsmirno r. at attentionsnaÿard misslesogan onionsogap good deedsogurmak to pull outsojamak to gaspsokgarylmak to be snoopysokjamak to sucksokmak to insertsoky pestlesoldat r. soldiersoldatlyk soldierhoodsolgun pale, fadedsolmak 1. to fade 2. to wiltsomsa r. meatpiesoñ 1. later, after, then 2.continuing 3. endsoñabaka adv. latersoñky final, lastsoñlamak to complete,finishsoñra latersoñraundan aftersorag 1. question 2.interrogationsorag bermek to questionsorag questionsoragcyz unquestionablesoramak to ask, questionsora?mak to ask someone aquestionsorguç tissue papersorkuldmak to throb,beatsormak 1. to suck 2. toabsorbsort r. sort, kind, varietysortdurmak to be angrysortlamak to sortsosial r. socialsosialism r. socialismsosialstik r. socialisticsosiska r. sausage linksostaw r. staffsowa by-passed, missedsowal questionsowamak 1. to cool 2. tobecome disinterestedsowat literacysowatly literatesowatmak to becomeliteratesowatsyz illiteratesowatsyzlyk illiteracysowet r. advicesowgat presidentsowhoz state farmsowly successfulsowmak 1. to consume 2.to divert 3. to urn around4. to completesowsuzlyk failuresowuk coldsowuk-sala sloppysowukganly old-bloodedsowukganlylyk coldbloodednesssowuklamak to catch acoldsowuklatmak to givesomeone a coldsowuklyk coldsowulmak 1. to turn 2. tofinish 3. to by-pass, toavoidsowurmak 1. to have adust storm 2. to blowmoney carelesslysoÿmak 1. to skin 2. toscratch 3. to cut offsoÿulmak 1. to shed hair2. to flake (skin)soÿuz unionsöbe?mek to fightsöbük hillsöe supporter (thing)sögmek 1. to scold, curse,abuse 2. to swear atsögünç obsenity, swearwordsögü?mek to quarrelsöhbet chat, discussionsöhbetde? conversationpartnersökmek 1. to take apart 2.to rip out a seam 3. toplow 4. to reinvestigatesökülmek to rip out a seamsölpi absent-minded,sloppysömelmek to be dumbfounded,numbsöndürmek to extinguish,turn off the lightsönen extinctsönmek to fadesöw-söw with syrypÿöremek=to hang outsöwda commerce, tradesöwda etmek to make atradesöwdagar trader, merchant,businessmansöwdala?mak to bargain,hagglesöwe? battlesöwe?jen militant, energeticsöwe?lyk militancysöwe?mek to fightsöwmek to swear (curse)söwüt willowsöÿemek to leansöÿenmek to be leaningsöÿget supportsöÿgi lovesöÿguli favoritesöÿli favorite, belovedsöÿmek to lovesöÿnji gift to the bearer ofgood newssöÿnmek to be happysöÿü?mek to love oneanothersöz 1. word, introduction 2.conversation 3. speech 4.promisesözba?y preface, titlesözlem sentencesözlemek to speaksözle?mek to arrangesözlük dictionarysözlüklik little dictionarysözsoñy prepositionspartakiÿada r. olympicsspasiba r. thank youspektakl r. spectilespesalist r. specialistspirit rubbing alcoholspisok r. the leastsport r. sportsportmen r. sportsmansprawka r. permissionspwa£ga 1. pocket money2. reasonstadion r. stadiumstakan r. glassstanok r. loomstansiÿa r. stationstar?ina the oldest in thegroupstart r. beginning (n.)stazh r. tenuresterzhen r. ink cartrigestil r. stylestol r. tablestrahowanie r. insurancestudent r. studentstudentlyk studenthoodstul r. chair

Turkmen/English Dictionary 56subut bolmak to be provensubut etmek to prove,make clearsubutnama proofsud r. courtsudla?mak to suesudur outlinesudÿa judgesugun deersugunçylyk raising deersumat bolmak to disappear2. to disguise 3. toconcealsumka r. bagsungat artsurat 1. picture 2.photographgsuratçy artistsuratlandyrma descriptionsuratlandyrmak to depict,describesuraty illustratedsurnukmak to suffer, to betorturedsusak ladlesusguç shovelsusmak to scoopsustupes exhausted,frustratedsu?ilka dryersuw 1. water 2. waterysuwag stucco plastersuwamak to plastersuwarmak to watersuwarym wateringsuwasty underwatersuwjarmak 1. to soak 2. tosentimentalize oversuwlamak to spraysuwsamak to be thirstysuwuk thin, fluidsuwuklyk liquid (n.)suwulçu sprayersuwulgan lizardsübce broomsübcelemek to sweepsüem barmak pointerfingersülçhi detectivesüle oatssülenmek to crown, swarmsülgün phesantsüllermek to fadesüllümbaÿ to be wet, to besoakedsülük leechsümek earlobesümgürmek to blow one'snosesümmek to creep into, getintosümmül stalksümsünmek to walk, strollsünbül stalk of wheatsünnet circumcisionsüñk bonesüpürmek 1. to sweep 2.to wipesürçek ice-crusted, slipperysüren den, cave, lairsürgün etmek to exilesürgün exilesüri 1. herd, flock 2. group,crowdsürmek 1. to drive 2. to tillsürtenmek to rubsürtmek to rub insürügi driversürüm tillagesüsdürilmek to run intosomethingsüsmek to butt, goresütem pressure, oppressionsütük fursütükli furrysütün column, pillarsüu go?amak to feel sick 2.to be numbsüu organism, constitutionsüÿdemdirijiler animalsüÿge?ik swampy, marshysüÿge?iklik swamp, marshsüÿjemek to be sweetsüÿji 1. sweet, sugary 2.fresh water 3. pleasant 4.sweets, candysüÿjiçil sweet toothsüÿkemek to rub, gratesüÿkenmek 1. to rub, itchoneself 2. to pester, annoysüÿndürmek 1. to stretchout 2. to extend, prolongsüÿnmek 1. to stretch out,recline 2. to extendsüÿpent rudder, wheel,handle barsüÿremek to pull outsüÿrenjen to be at the endsüÿrenjiler reptilessüÿrenmek 1. to creep, tocrawl 2. to be at the endsüÿri oblongsüÿ?mek to movesüÿ?ürmek to movesomethingsüÿt milksüÿtde? native, own, blood,truesüÿtli milky. dairysüÿüm fibersüÿü?mek 1. to move 2. tomove forwardsüzguç filtersüzme yogurtsüzmek to strain, filtersüzülmek 1. to wear out 2.to stick togehter, closeeyes from fatiguesyçan mousesyçramak 1. to spray,splash 2. to stand onsomeone's feet suddenly(?)syçratmak to splash, spraysygmak to find roomsygym capacitysygyr cowsygyrmak to whistlesyhalamak to slice, cut witha sharp edgesyk thick, densitysyklyk densitysykmak to squeeze, presssykyklyk whistlingsylag 1. respect, honor 2.gift 3. rewardsylamak to respectsyla?yk mutual respectsyn etmek to stare,observesyn survey, reviewsyn-syn on end (as hair)synag test, trialsynamak to test,experience, undergo, try,attemptsynanmak to try, attemptsynany?yk attemptsynçgamak to pick, pokesynçgylawuk hiccupsynçgylawugyñtutmak=to hiccupsynçy 1. alert, shrewd,sharp 2. surveyor, reviewersyndyrmak to destroy,abolish, annulsynlamak to watch,observesynmak to abolishsynp class, castesynpy class (struggle)synthetika r. syntheticsyñral hoofsypal straw, thatchsypalamak to smooth, topetsypalga reason, cause

Turkmen/English Dictionary 57sypañ-sermeñ sypañsermeñetmek=to behaughty, to spoil (a child)sypat I. 1. appearance 2.quality II. adjectivesypatlandyrmak to depict,describesypaÿçylyk politeness,courtesysypaÿçylykly courteously ,with courtesysypaÿy 1. courteous 2.elegantsypdyrmak 1. to miss, letgo, let escape 2. to miss 3.to say somethingaccidentallysypjyrmak to scratchsypjyryk scratchsypmak 1. to release,escape 2. to get rid of 3. tomake a mistakesypynmak to have free timesypyrmak to peel, tear offsyr secret, mysterysyramak I. to circle, whirl,spin (sand or snow) II. tosew a blanket, to quiltsyrat appearance, figuresyratly slender, slimsyrça enamelsyrdambitin unspoiledsyrda? favoritesyrgyn I. blizzard,snowstorm II. row ofhousessyrkaw 1. ill 2. ill personsyrkawlamak to fall ill, toachesyrkawlyk disease, illnesssyrkyramak to achesyrly weird, mysterioussyrma knot, noosesyrmak 1. to sweep 2. toshavesyrt 1. backside 2. bottom(anatomical)syrtartmak to grin, jeersyrtky back (adj.)syryk polesyrykdyrmak to divert one'sattention, to digresssyrykmak to flow, leak,streamsyrylmak diffused, todiffuse (?)syÿa inksyÿahat etmek to travelsyÿahat trip, journey,travelssyÿahatçy travellersyÿasat politics, policysyÿasatçy politiciansyÿasy politicalsyzlamak to ache, throbsyzmak I. 1. to feel 2. tohave a premonition II. toooze??a king, shah?abyrdamak to pour, flow,spread?adyÿan merry?adyÿanlyk merriment?agal jackal?agalañ merriment?agalañly gay, merry,cheerful?agga quickly, soon?aggyldamak to make anoise, rustle?aggyldy noise, rustle?aglawuk waterfall?agyrdamak to rustle, makea noise?agyrdy rustle, noise, sound?ah horn (of an animal)?aha branch?ahadatnama certificate?ahalak branchy?ahalamak to branch out?ahly horned?ahra poetess?ahs personality, identity?ahsy personal?ahsyÿet personality,identity?ahta r. mine, pit?ahtaçy r. miner?ahtÿor r. miner?ahyr poet?ahyrlyk poetic works,creations?akäse bowl?akgalamak to split?akgyrdamak to rumble?akgyrdatmak to rumble?akgyrdy rumble?algam turnip?alpy-?arañ 1. complete 2.wet, moist?alpyldamak to splash?alpyldy splash?aly adj. rice?an glory, fame?an-?öhrat glory?anly famous?añlamak to ring, jingle?aññyrdamak to ring, jingle?aññyrdy peal, chime?apak glow of dusk, glow ofdawn?apba quickly, momentarily

Turkmen/English Dictionary 58?apbat 1. palm of hand 2.slap in the face?apyrdy splash?apyrtdatmak to squelch?ar r. sphere, ball?aramak to take with a fork?arf r. scarf?ar£ cartoon character?ark-?urk quickly?arkyldamak to rattle,clatter, knock, rap?arkyldy knock, rattle,clatter?arlamak to rage, seethe?artyldamak to crack,crackle?artyldy crack, crash?aryk fork?a?ka r. checkers (Asianstyle)?at joyful, happy?atlama 1. frozen 2. hard,ringing?atlamak to freeze, congeal?atlanmak to enjoy?atlyk joy?atlykly joyful?atyrdamak to crack, chirp,crackle?atyrdy crash, crack?aÿ adornment, decoration,embellishment?aÿ-sep 1. dowry 2. costly,valuable?aÿat witness?aÿatlyk evidence?aÿatnama evidence,certificate, license?aÿba r. disk?aÿlar parts?aÿy 1. coin 2. nickel?aÿylyk 1. nickel 2. trinket?ek doubt, question?ekel 1. form, outline,sketch 2. image, picture,representation 3. figure?eker çinrigi sugar-beet?eker sugar?ekillendirmek to depict?ekilli similar to, such, like?eksiz without doubt,unquestionably?em candle?emal wind : ÿuwa??emal =breeze?emallamak to be aired out,inflated?emallatmak to air, inflated?embe Saturday?embe?ik sticky?epbe?mek to stick?epbik resin, pitch, tar?er scandal?erap wine?erbert r. sherbert?erebe salty, salt solution?ermende wretch?ert I. 1. condition 2. vow,pledge II. conditional,relative?ertli conditional, relative?ertnama contract?etdaly peach?eÿle such, so, just like?eÿle-de as such?eÿlelik bilen thus, then, so,well?eÿlelikde well, then, so,thus?eÿtan devil?eÿtanlyk cunning, trickery,craftiness, ruse?eÿtmek to do so, to dosuch?ägirt apprentice?ägirtlik apprenticeship?ähdaçyk merrily, in goodspirts?äher city?äherara intercity, longdistance?äht spirit, mood?änik stone?ärik companion?ärikli together?ifirlemek r. to cover, coat,trump?ifr r. cipher, code?ifrlemek r. to ciphere,code?ikaÿat 1. complaint 2.appeal?ikaÿat etmek to complain?ikes 1. mutilation 2.breakage?illirdemek to murmur?illirdi murmur?in r. 1. tire 2. splint?inde 1. wedge 2. embryo,bud?indi 1. now 2. still, yet?indiki present, actual?inel r. overcoat?inelemek to get bound up,get entangled?ir Leo (zodiac sign)?ire juice?irin 1. sweet, tasty 2.pleasant, agreeable?irrildemek to murmur, purr?itil sprout, sprouts?itilhana nursery?itirdi rustle?iwe accent, dialect, talk?kaf r. cupboard, wardrobe?lang r. hose?lem r. helmet?lÿapa r. hat?ofÿor r. driver, chauffeur?oh gay, merry, happy?okolad chocolate?okolady adj. chocolate?ol that?onça so, so much, somany?or salty, saline?orluk saltiness?orpuldatmak to squelch?orsuw salt water?orta söz anecdote?osse r. highway, turnpike?ow good luck, success?owa kör short-sighted?owalyk short-sightedness?owhun din, hubbub, noise,rustle?owhunly noisy, loud,sensational?owly successful, good?öhle ray, beam?öhlelendirmek 1. to shine2. to illuminate, elucidate?öhrat glory?öhratlanmak to glorify?öhratly glorious?öhratparaz vain?öhratparazlyk vanity?öwür wakefulness, care?rift r. type, print??i beet soup?tab r. headquarters, staff?tamp r. stamp?tamplamak r. to stamp?tat r. state?tepsel r. plug, jack?u this, that?ugullamak to carry orbring, inform, slander?ugundyr beet?um wicked, evil?umjarmak to sob?umlukda thus, so, well,then, now?umroÿ deformed, ugly,abnormal?umroÿluk ugliness,deformity?unça so, so much, somany

Turkmen/English Dictionary 59?uwlamak to buzz, honk,hoot, whistle?uwwuldamak to whistle?uwwuldy whistle, hiss?übhe doubt?übhelenmek to suspect,doubt?übheli doubtful, dubious?übhesiz unquestionable,doubtless?üdügär field, tillage?üle rice porridge?üweleñ merry, joyful?üweleñli merrily, joyfully?wed r. Swede?ybyrdamak to rustle?ybyrdy rustle?ygar slogan?yglamak to buzz, rustle,hiss, whiz?ygyr verse, poem?ygyrdamak to rustle?ygyrdy rustle?ykyrdamak to rustle?ykyrdy rustle?ylha rags, tatters?yltak etmek to slander?yltak slander?yññyrdamak to ring, jingle,click?yññyrdy jingle, ring, peal,chime?yrdak hat (esp. forhorseback riding)?yrkyldamak to snap, crack,crackle?yrkyldy snap, crackle,rustle?yrlamak to murmurTtaba pantabak dish, bowl, cuptabel r. time-sheettabigat 1. nature 2.personal naturetabletka r. tablet, pilltablisa table, list, schedule,scaletab?yrmak 1. to charge witha comission, to entrust 2.to deliver, hand in, handover 3. to punish, ordertab?yryk 1. message,mission, comission,instruction 2. warning,notification, preventiontabyn subordinatetabynlyk subordinationtabyt coffintagalla effort, strain,exertiontagam dish, taste, flavortagamly tastytagan vanity mirrortaga?yk convenience,comforttaga?ykly 1. convenient,comfortable 2. closetaglymat apprenticeship,learningtagma brand, stigma, straintagmalamak to brand,stigmatizetagt ripetagta I. 1. board 2. plank3. blackboard II. sheet,certificate, deedtagtabiti bedbug, termitetahÿa "tahya", Turkmennational captahyl box, casetakat patiencetakdyr fatetakgaz herringtakmyn approimately,about, almost: Oba çhenlitakmyn 2 kilometer ÿolÿöremeli bolarcyn = Youshould reach the village inabout 2 kilometers.takmynan almosttaksi r. taxitaktika r. tactictakyk exacttakyklamak to specifytakyklyk exactness,precisiontakyr I. bald II.smooth,plain, lanktakyramak to be emptytakyrdamak to rumbletakyrdatmak to rumbletakyrlyk cracked desertareatal willowtalamak to rob, plundertalant r. talenttalantly r. talentedtalañ thefttalañçylyk thefttalañçylykly stolentalap 1. demand 2.requirement 3. claim 4.ordertalapkär exacting,particular, fussytalapkärlik exactitude,particularitytalh tarttalhan oat flourtalon r. coupontam housetama etmek to hopetama hopetamakin inept persontamam bolmak to finish,endtamamlamak to finish, endtamamlanmak to finish,complete, accomplishtamdyr clay oven for bakingçörektamdyra dutartamdyraçy dutaristtam?anmak 1. to bitethrough, take a bite 2. tolick one's lipstanalmak to introducetanamak 1. to knowsomebody 2. to recognizetanap rope, cabletangens r. mathtank r. tanktankydy criticaltankyt criticism, critique,reviewtankytlamak to critiquetans etmek r. to dancetans r. dancetansçy r. dancer(prominent)tanymal distinquished,notable, eminenttany?bolmak to meet (lit. tobecome acquaintance)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 60tany? I. known, familiar II.acquaintance, knownpersontany?-bili? acquaintancetany?dyrmak 1. to introduce2. to acquainttany?lyk acquaintancetany?mak 1. to meet, makeacquaintance 2. to beintroduced totañka "tangka", a traditionalTurkmen tea vessel,placed in a firetaññyr basintaññyrdamak to peal,thunder, rattletañrybir united under Godtap 1. mood, spirits 2.strength, force, power,mighttapa rest, repose, peace,calmtapawut difference,differentnesstapawutlandyrmak todistinguish, differentiatetapawutlanmak 1. to differ2. to be noted, to stand outtapba suddenly, all of asuddentapbat pattapbatlamak to pattapgyr 1. group, party 2.round, tourtaplamak 1. to whet, grind,sharpen 2. to kill orslaughtertaplanmak to be hardened,temperedtapmaça riddletapmak 1. to find, comeacross 2. to think out,devise 3. to find, discover4. to determine, designate,define 5. to receive, get,obtaintapylgysyz irreplacabletapylmak to be foundtapyndy find, discoverytapyrdamak to stomptapyrdy stamping, trampingtapy?mak to help to findsomethingtar 1. string 2. r. tartarap 1. direction 2. place,land 3. side 4. part 5.group, sidetarapdar supportertarapdar supportertaraplaÿyn sided : birtaraplaÿan = one-sidedtara? cleansing, polishingtara?lamak 1. to cleanse,polish, clean 2. to grind,polishtaraz divide, watershedtarkyldamak to knock, rap,rattletarkyldatmak to knock, rap,rattletarkyldy knocking, rattlingtarlamak to buzz, honk,hoot, whistletarp virgin soiltarpa sudden, unexpectedtarpa-taÿyn suddentarpyldatmak to stamp,trampletarpyldy stamping,tramplingtarsuldamak to knock, raptarsuldy n. knock, raptartmak 1. to pull, draw,tow 2. to stretch, drain,pulltarÿelka r. platetaryh historytaryhçy historiantaryhy historicaltaryp etmek to speakhighlytaryp praisetaryplamak to praisetas 1. almost: Men tasÿykyldym = I almost fell2. nearly, missing a littletaslama sketch, drafttaslamak to give uptassyklamak to ratifytassyklanmak to be ratifiedta?lamak to throw with forceta?landy throwntatar Tartartata?mak to inflame, getinflamedtawus peacocktaÿ I. stallion, colt II. 1.pair, couple 2. one of apair III. direction : ?utaÿda = heretaÿak stick, cane, club, poletaÿaklamak to knocktaÿçanak foal, colttaÿga slipperytaÿgançak 1. slippery 2.rink, mangle (?)taÿhar baby donkeytaÿlamak to balancetaÿmak to slide, sliptaÿpa tribe, clantaÿÿar readytaÿÿyn readytaÿyarlamak 1. to prepare2. to cook 3. to compose,make uptaÿyarlyk preparedness,preparationstaÿyarlyly readytaÿynalmak to prepare, getreadytaÿzarmak to stick outtazy houndteatr theatretebigy natural : tebigy gaz= natural gastebip arch. doctortebit heat, fevertegek coil, spooltegelek I. 1. round, circular2. precisely, exactly II.circle, spheretegelenmek to becomecircular, grow in a circletegmil spot, stain, blotchtehnik r. techniciantehnika r. techniquetehniki r. technicaltehnikum r. technicalshooltejribe experiencetejribeli experiencedteke I. Teke (Turkmentribe) II. goat producertekepbir haughty, arroganttekepbirlik haughtiness,arrogancetekge support, approvaltekiz smoothtekizlemek to smoothtekizlik smoothnesstekje level, shelfteklip etmek to make anofferteklip offertekst r. texttelbe crazy, madtelefon etmek to telephonetelefon r. phonetelegraf r. telegraphtelegrafirlemek r. totelegraphtelegramma r. telegramtelek erroneous, mistakenteletin skin, leathertelewideniÿe r. adj.televisiontelewizion r. televisiontelär awning, shedtelim 1. a few, some,several, somewhat 2.repeated, many

Turkmen/English Dictionary 61telkermek to slouchtelli-pelli somehow (orother)telpek hat, Turkmen hattelper small little, pretty,finetema r. theme, subjecttematic r. thematictemen big needletemenge pin, saftey pintemmäki tobaccotemmi bermek to punishtemmi punishmenttemperatura r.temperatureten fleshteneçir 1. dragonfly 2.earringstenekar boraxtengin heat rashtenmek to pour out, intennis r. tennistentek I. silly, stupid II.fool, simpletontentemek to wander, roamteññe coin, currencyteorema r. theoremteoretiki r. theoreticteoriÿa r. theoryteplisa r. hot-houseteplohod r. motorshipteplowoz r. cargo shipter fresh, cool, lastest, newterapewt r. therapistterapewtik r. therapeuticterbiÿe upbringingterbiÿeçi educator, tutorterbiÿeçilik educational,pedalogicalterbiÿelemek to bring up,educateterbiÿeleÿi? upbringing,educationterbiÿeleÿjilik educational,pedalogicalterbiÿeli well-bredterezi scales, balanceterjime translationterjimeçi translatorterjimehal biographyterlik freshnesstermin r. term, notionterminologiÿa r.terminologytermometr r. thermometertermos r. thermosternaw gutterterne small mellonternelemek to begin togrowterritoriÿa r. territoryterrorizm r. terrorismters 1. incorrect, false 2.uneven 3. backwards,inside-outtersine 1. on the contrary,opposite 2. against 3.contrary to, in spite of 4.vice-versa 5. in defianceoftersle?ik quarrel, altercationtersle?mek to quarreltertibe çagyrmak todiscipline, call ordertertip ordertertip sanlar ordinalnumberstertip-düzgün order, waytertipli ordered, disciplinedtertipsiz undisciplined,unrulytes superlative prefixtesilli peacefultesmek to slow downte?ne thirstyte?nelik thirstteÿ I. bottom II. 1. by nomeans, not at all 2. quite,totallyteÿ-ahyr at last, finallyteÿdar mark, markingteÿene reproachtez timid, fearfultezek dung, droppingstä right up to, until : Täÿeñÿançäñ göre?mek = tofight until victorytäç 1. crown 2. birthmark,moletäjihoraz scarlet fevertäjik Tajik (person fromTajikistan)täk 1. odd (in number) 2.alonetäleÿ fate, lottälim learning, instruction,apprenticeshiptämislik cleanliness, puritytämiz clean, puretämizlemek to cleanse,purifytär method, means,manner, waytäsgenmek to suspend,linger, be delayedtäsin wonderful, marvelous,amazingtäsir etmek to influencetäsir galdyrmak to impresstäsir influence, impressiontäsirli interesting,influential, impressivetäze 1. new 2. modern 3.latest, current, cool 4.fresh 5. youngtäzeçe anew, once againtäzeden again, anewtäzelemek 1. to renew,renovate 2. to replace,substitutetäzelenmek 1. to renew 2.to replace, substitutetäzelik news, newness, newthingtäzelikçi innovatortäzelikçilik innovationtibirdemek to tremble,shake, shivertigir 1. wheel 2. spool,bobbintigirlemek to roll, drive,wheeltigirlenmek to sweep,move, flowtijemek to strain, stretch,bowtijenmek to strain, stretch,bowtike piece, bit, morsel,scraptiken thorn, prickle, barbtikeneklemek to feel, sensetikenli thorny, prickly,barbedtikin seam, joint, stitchtikinçi seamstress, tailortikinçilik sewingtikmek 1. to sew, embroider2. to hem, sew ontotikmek to sewtilki foxtilsim secret, mysterytimar bermek to brush,combtimarlamak to bring, lead,resulttiññirdemek to click, jingle,strumtiññirdetmek to click,jingle, strumtiññirdi click, jingletip r. type, styletipik r. typicaltipleÿin r. typicaltipografiÿa r. printingplant, officetira£ 1. circulation 2.drawing of a lotterytire I. tribe, clan II. r. dashtirkeg sight

Turkmen/English Dictionary 62tirkemek to hook onto,latch ontotirke?mek 1. to go together :Olar tirkele?ip barÿardylar= They used to go together2. to befriend, to be onfriendly termstirlemek to twist, twirl, roll,whirltirlendirmek to twist, twirl,roll, whirltirsek 1. elbow 2. kneetisginmek to start, shudder,shake uptitremek 1. to tremble,shiver 2. to shake, quaketitretmek to be shakentitretmek to be shakentitrewuk tremble, shaketiz fast, quicklytizle?dirmek to speed up,acceleratetizlik speedtoba penancetogalak sphere, sphericaltogalamak 1. to roll, drive,ride 2. to wheel, roll alongtogalanmak to sweep,move, flowtoganynjy nintiethtogaÿ skylark (bird)togsan ninetytogtamak 1. to stop, pause2. to ceasetohum I 1. seed 2. race,breed 3. posterity,descendants II.thoroughbredtohumçylyk seedingtohumlyk seeded, seminaltok r. electrical connectiontoka buckletokar r. lathe, turninginstrumenttokaÿ forest, woodtokaÿçylyk forestrytokaÿlyk forest, woodedplacetokga a lump, clodtokgalamak to crumpletokly small sheep, lambtokmak mallet, woodenhammertolgundyrmak to agitate,excite, worry (someone)tolguny?yk agitation, worry,excitementtolkun wavetom r. tome, volumetoma?a sight, spectacle,showtoma?açy spectator, onlookertomat r. 1. tomato sauce2. adj. tomatotomazak dung beetletomsma in the summertomus summertomusky adj. summertonna r. tontonnel r. tunneltop I. ball II. gun, cannonIII. 1. group 2. piece, bit,morseltopalañ rebellion, mutinytopar 1. group 2. layer,stratumtoparlamkak to form agrouptoparlanmak to form agrouptopbak heap, pile, a lot oftopçy artillerymantoplamak to gather orcollecttoplanmak to gather,assemble, preparetoplum grouptoprak ground, earth, land :Ene toprak = Mother Earthtopuk ankletopulmak 1. to dash, rush,plunge, dart 2. to have afittor 1. net 2. grid, scale 3.trap, snaretorba bagtormoz r. breaktorsarmak to be offendedtorsuk badger : torsukÿaly = full, complete,absolutetort r. caketorum camel (specific type)tos-toslamak to invent,contrive, designto?ap molassestoty parrottow 1. turn, rotation : towbermek = to give a turntow bermek to give a turntowakga request, petitiontowça apricot pittowlamak to turn, twist,rotatetowlanmak to twist, turn,rolltowly twistedtowsa götermek to snatchaway, buy uptow?an rabbittowuk chickentowusmak to jump, spring,leaptoÿ celebration, partytoÿlamak to organize aparty, have a partytoÿnak hooftoÿun loam, claytoÿunsow loamytoz dusttozamak to dusttozan dusttozanlamak to becomedustytozatmak to dusttozdurmak to wear out (byuse)tozga pollentozmak 1. to wear out 2. tobe bankrupttöhmet atmak to slandertöhmet slandertöhmetçi slanderertöhmetçilikli slanderoustöleg paymenttölemek 1. to pay 2. tocompensate, recompensetölemek to paytöññe stumptöp 1. thickness, density,mass 2. breamtör head of the table forhonoured gueststörpi sander, planertörpülemek to grind, polishtötänden casual, byaccidenttötänleÿin accidental,casual, by chancetöwekgel resolute, firm,decisivetöwekgelçilik risktöwekgellik risktöweleme excellenttöwella admonition:töwella etmek = toadmonishtöwerek 1. environs,neighborhood 2.surroundings, vicinity 3.circumfrence 4. near,about 5. aroundtöwir (galdyrmak) postmealprayertragediÿa r. tragedytragiki r. tragictraktor r. tractor

Turkmen/English Dictionary 63traktorçy r. tractor drivertramwaÿ r. streetcartransport r. transportationtrassa r. route, linetrener r. trainer, coachtrewoga r. alarm, warning,alerttribuna r. tribune, platformtrikota£ r. hosierytrolleÿbus r. trolleytrotuar r. sidewalktruba r. pipe, tube,chimneytrubka r. 1. tube, pipe 2.receivertukat sad, sorrowful, drearytukatlanmak to grieve, longtukatlyk sadness, grief,melancholytultuk 1. soft, mild, gentle,tender 2. sleek, smooth 3.lenient, easytulum wineskintum?uk muzzle, snouttundra r. tundratunir r. tournamenttupan storm, tempestturist r. touristturistic touristicturmak 1. to stand up 2. toawaketurp radishtur?amak to turn sourtur?y sourturuzmak 1. to get up,make stand 2. to waken3. to begin, to undertaketuruzmak to wake someonetussag 1. prisoner 2.arrested person, detaineetussag etmek to arrest,take prisonertussag prisonertut mulberrytutanÿerli persevering,persistent, obstinatetutanÿerlik persistence,obstinancetutaryk argumenttuta?dyrmak to heat, rouse,unleash, set loosetuta?dyryjy incendiarytutawaç 1. handle 2.railing, banistertutgaÿ epilepsytutma griptutmak 1. to hold, support,keep 2. to catch 3. to hireout, employ 4. to fill,crowd, imbue 5. to stretch,draw in, pull intutnak assault, onslaught,onsettutuk 1. dully, gloomy 2.gloomy, sullen, cloudy 3.hoarse, huskytutu? entirely, whollytutu?lagyna totally, entirelytutu?laÿyn totally, entirelytuty 1. partition 2. curtaintuwaly r. from Tuvatükel all, the whole, full,everythingtükeniksiz incessantlytükenmek to be finishedtüketmek to finish, to ceasetüm darkness, obscuritytümlük darkness, obscuritytümmek I. hillock II. full,complete, absolute, perfecttümmeklemek to fill,crowd, imbuetünt blunt, obtuse, stupidtüñçe pitcher (iron)tüññün cantüpeñ rifletüpeñlemek to shoot, fire(a rifle)türgen 1. skillful, skilled 2.trainedtürgenle?ik trainingtürgenle?mek 1. to train 2.to mastertürk Turktürkana simple, humbletürki Turkishtürkmen Turkmentürkmençilik "Turkmeness"türme prisontürmä basmak to imprisontürmä basmak to imprisontüsse smoketüsselemek to smoke (giveoff smoke)tütemek to smoke, steamtüw 1. rice 2. palow (pilaf)tüwe heifertüweleme 1. well done 2.exclam. "Great!""Fantastic!" "Stupendous!"tüweleÿ gusttüÿ hairtüÿdük "tuyduk", a nativeTurkmen flute-likeinstrumenttüÿdükçi person whoperforms on the tüÿdüktüÿdülmek to wear outtüÿjermek to be hairytüÿkülik saliva, spittletüÿküliklemek to salivatetüÿkürrmek to spittüÿlek hairytüÿs 1. genuine, real 2. justlike 3. sincere, frank,cordial 4. definite, fixed,certain, positivetüÿsli as such, like : hertüÿsli = all kindstüÿt-müÿt etmek tolacerate, tear to piecestüÿtmek 1. to comb one'shair 2. to wear out (byuse)tÿul r. tulletyg 1. blade, edge : Tygÿarasy biter, söz ÿarasybitmez = A blade woundwill get bigger, a verbalwound, nevertyg?yt economy, savingtyg?ytlamak to save,economizetyg?ytlamak to sparetyg?ytly economicaltyg?ytlylyk economytykyramak to wavertykyrdamak 1. to rumble 2.to knock, rap, rattletykyrdatmak to knock, rap,rattle, clattertyl rear, basetylla gold, goldentypançan I. slippery II.rink, mangletypmak to slide, glide, sliptyrkyldamak to knock, rap,throb, rattletyrkyldatmak to knock, rap,throb, rattletyrkyldy knock, rattle,clatter, noisetyrpma to slide down, slipoff

Turkmen/English Dictionary 64Uuç finish, enduçar airplaneuçastok r. district, regionuçdantutma successively,one after the otheruçgun sparkle, spangleuçgur shoe laceuçili??e r. schooluçmak 1. to fly 2. tostagger 3. to disappear,vanishuçramak 1. to comeacross, meet, receive,welcome 2. to undergo, beexposed touçurmak to rock, swing,shakeuçursyz veryuçu? flightuçÿot r. inventoryuçÿotçik r. bookkeeperudel r. specificuglerod r. carbonugramak 1. to set off,embark 2. to direct, refer,sendugratmak 1. to see off 2.to set off for 3. to embarkuponugrukdyrmak to put right,in order, to set straightugur 1. direction 2. trend3. listugurda? 1. parallel 2. fair,favorableugurla?mak to agree upon,arrangeugurly goodugursyz badujypsyz insignificant, tinyukaz r. decree, edictuklamak to sleep, fallasleepukol r. injectionukrain r. Ukranianukuçyl sleepyheaduky sleep, dreamukyp 1. capability, talent,abilityukyply 1. capable, able 2.talented, giftedukyplylyk abilityulag transportulalmak 1. to magnify,enlarge 2. to grow,increaseulaltmak 1. to increase,make larger 2. to grow,rear 3. to raise, promote4. to swell up, puff up,exaggerateulanmak to use, utilizeulgam ridge, geol. rangeullakan 1. big, heavy 2.grownupululyk size, quantityulumsy snobbyulumsylyk snobbinessulumsyramak to put onairsuly 1. big in size, weighty2. much, big in number 3.old 4. significant,important 5. long indurationuly-kiçi young and old alikeummasyz without endumuman generallyumumy commonumumyhalk nationwideumumyla?dyrmak to sumupumumylyk commoness,communityumyt etmek to hopeumyt hopeun flourunamak to find, comeacrossuna? noodle soupuniwermag r. departmentstoreuniwersal r. universaluniwersitÿet r. universityunutmak to forgetuprawleniÿaÿu??i¨ r.manageruprawleniÿe r.managementur-tut at onceurgy blow, shockurkaçy femaleurmak to strikeurnamak to combineurp-adat custom, habitur?ujy fighterurug genus, raceurunmak 1. to fight, beat2. to toss, jerkuru? 1. war 2. scuffle, fighturu?mak 1. to struggle, fight2. to wage warussa master, craftsmanussaçylyk masteryussahana studio, workshopussat craftsman, masterussatlyk know-how,masteryustaw r. statute, resolution,charterusul 1. manner, way 2.methodusully carefulu?ak small, little, fineu?amak to become smalleru?atmak 1. to makesmaller, shallower 2. toexchange, barterutanç shameutançsyz shamelessutandyrmak to embarass,to shameutanjañ shy, bashfulutanjañlyk shynessutanmak to be shy,ashamed ofutdurmak to loseutga?dyrmak to combineutga?mak to uniteutga?yk unitedutmak to winutuk point, spotutulmak to lose (a game)utu? winnings, profituwlamak to howluwlundyrmak to causepainuÿa sisteruÿalmak to be shameduÿamak to go souruÿan bridleuÿanlamak to bridleuÿat shameuÿgunla?dyrmak to adaptuÿgunla?mak to get used touÿgur Uighur (nationality)uÿluk pailuzak 1. far, distant 2. long,for a long time 3. whole,intactuzakla?dyrmak 1. topostpone, put off 2. todraw out, drag outuzakla?mak to becomedistant, move away fromuzaklyk 1. length 2.distance 3. longitudeuzalmak to be lengtheneduzaltmak 1. to lengthen 2.to prolonguzanmak to lie down, to goto beduzatmak to stretch out,extenduzel r. junction, center

Turkmen/English Dictionary 65uzyn 1. long 2. tall 3.protracted 4. sustaineduzynlyk 1. length 2.longitude 3. extentÜübtük down, fluffüç threeüçburçluk triangleüçin for, intended forüçlük threeüçünji thirdüflemek to blow, gustülemek to divide, shareülje cherryülke 1. region, land, country2. fringe, edge, outskirtülñi patternülpüldemek to shine,glitter, flashülü? 1. lot, fate 2. part,share, pieceümez fogümezlemek to grow foggy,dimündemek to put, place, setünjalmak to calm down,subside, become quietünji unrest, trouble, anxietyüns attentionüns bermek to payattentionüpjün 1. in full supply 2.provided for, well-to-doüpjünçilik securityüpjünetmek to supply,provideüpjünlik prosperityürçetmek to fall into thehabit ofürgün dryürkek timid, fearfulürkmek to be frightened, bescared ofürküzmek to frighten, scareüsgülewuk coughüsgülewukli suffering froma coughüsgürlewük coughüsgürmek to coughüst surface, top, upper partüst-ba? clothingüsta?yr over, about, at, withüste to boot, in additionüstesine to boot, inadditionüsti bilen via, by way ofüstün çykmak to win,conquer, vanquishüstünlik success,achievementüstünlikli accomplishedü?emek to be cold, catchcoldü?erilmek to be on the alert,to be on one's guardü?ertmek to prick up (one'sears)ü?etmek to be coldü?ük sharpness, quickwittednessü?ütmek to feel chillyütmek to tear, pull outütük r. iron (for clothing)ütüklemek r. to ironüwemek to grindüwremek to rocküÿn sound, tone, tuneüÿ?enmek to fear, be afraidofüÿ?meleñ 1. crowd, mob,throng 2. party, gatheringüÿ?ürmek to gather, collectüÿtgediji 1. to change (byitself) 2. to spoilüÿtge?ik 1. different 2.particular, peculiar, specialüÿtge?iklik 1. difference 2.modification, alterationüÿtgetmek to change, alter,modifyüzeññi stirrupüzmek 1. to tear off, pluck2. to extinguish, put out 3.to interruptüznüksiz uninterruptedüzñe enraged, furiousüzñelik rage, furyüzül-kesil resolute, firm,decisiveüzülmek 1. to tear off,pluck 2. to settle accountswith, get even with 3. tobreak offüzüm grapeüzümçilik grape production

Turkmen/English Dictionary 66Wwada promisewadala?mak to make apact, negotiatewadala?yk treaty,settlementwagon r. wagonwag?y predatorywag?ylarça brutal, bestialwagt timewagtal-wagtal from time totimewagtlaÿyn temporarywagtly-wagtynda at theright timewagtynda at the right timewagyr noisewagyrdamak to make noisewagyz etmek to preachwagyz-nesihat 1.directions, instructions 2.sermonwah oh! gosh!waharman a kind of melonwajyp importantwaka event, situationwakgyldamak to cluck (likea chicken)waktsina r. vaccinewakyrdamak to belly-laughWaleÿkimessalam "AndGod's peace be with you!"(formal reply toSalamaleÿkim)waleÿkimessalam response to formal greetngwalla honestlywalÿuta r. currencywanna r. bathwañkyrmak to wailwarak no-good, worthlesswariant r. variantwarkyldamak to croakwarsaky chatter, gossipwasp descriptionwatan countrywatançy patriotwaÿ oh! oh boy! : Waÿ waÿwaÿ != Oh my goodness!waÿkyrmak to cry outwazypdamak to buzzwazzyldy buzz, dronewe andwehim terrorwejera shamefulwekil representativeweli but, but alsowelosiped r. bicyclewelwet r. velvetwelÿur r. velourwengr r. Hungarywepa truthwepaly true, honestwepalylyk allegiancewepat bolan deceasedwepat bolmak to diewepat dead, finishedwerdi? adaptation: agyr i?ewerdi?boldim = I'veadapted to this difficultworkwertikal r. verticalwertolÿot r. helicopterwesÿet lawwesÿetnama will(document)we?alka r. peg, rackwe?eñ-we?eñ very muchweteran r. veteranweterinariÿa r. veterinaryweÿrançylykly ruined,demolishedwezipe 1. task 2. position,appointment, rankwä eek! (expressessurprise)wägirmek to scream fromfrightwäk ouch!wä?i joker, jokinglywä?ilik lightheartednesswiktorina r. quizwilka r. forkwitamin r. vitaminwitrina r. shop windowwiÿ oh!wizit r. visit, callwodolaz r. diverwodoprowod r. water pipewodorod r. hydrogenwojatyÿ r. guidewokzal r. station (railway)woleÿbol r. volleyballwraç r. doctorwulkan r. volcanowyjdan consciencewyklÿuçatel r. switchwympel r. pennantwypiska r. copying,excerptingwy?ka r. turret, towerwy?y-wy?y whisperwy?yrdamak to whisper,gossipwznos r. payment, feewzwod r. platoonŸÿa 1. or 2. "well, now"ÿabany 1. wild 2. out ofcontrolÿab?yrmak to sew intoÿaby horseÿada orÿadamak to tire, growwearyÿadatmak to tire outÿadaw tiredÿadawlyk fatigueÿadawsyz tireless,energeticÿadro r. nuclearÿadygär recollection,memoryÿadygärlik 1. monument 2.souvenirÿadyrgamak to shun, avoidÿag oil (for cooking), greaseÿagdaÿ 1. situation,condition 2. scenery 3.atmosphereÿagdaÿla?mak to operate,functionÿaglamak to grease, oilÿagly 1. oily 2. bunÿaglyk scarfÿagmak to precipitateÿagmyr rain, precipitationÿagny "that is to say..."ÿag?y goodÿag?ylandyrmak to improveÿag?ylanmak to beimproved, grow morebeautifulÿag?yla?mak to beimproved, grow morebeautifulÿag?ylyk benefitÿagty well litÿagtygözin by daylightÿagtylgyç starÿagtylmak 1. to dawn 2. tobrightenÿagtyltmak 1. to ellucidate2. to illuminateÿagtylyk 1. light 2. joy,gladness, pleasureÿagy enemyÿagyn precipitationÿagynly rainyÿagyrniçlik lining, supportÿagyrny back, spineÿagy? rain

Turkmen/English Dictionary 67ÿagy?ly rainyÿakymly nice, pleasantÿakymsyz meanÿakyn nearÿakynda the other dayÿalan falseÿalanaç nakedÿalançy liarÿalandan falseÿalkamak to pardon orspare : tañry ÿalkasyn =thank youÿalñy? mistakeÿalñy?dyrmak to confuse,muddle, mix upÿalñy?mak to be mistakenÿalpa momentary,instantaneousÿalpak 1. shallow 2. small,pettyÿalpylda duran shiny,brilliantÿalpyldawuk brilliant,sparkling, shiningÿalpyldy lustre, shine,brillianceÿalta still, idle, lazyÿaltaklamak to examine,take a view ofÿaltalyk stillness, idleness,lazinessÿaltanmak to be idle, lazy,to tireÿaly likeÿaly-la seemsÿalym-ÿulumetmek toingratiateÿalyn flameÿama patchÿamamak 1. to mend,repair 2. to sharpenÿaman 1. bad 2. veryÿamanlamak 1. to slander2. to talk, sayÿamanlyk harm, damage,detrimentÿama?gan anew, onceagainÿama?gandan anew, onceagainÿanamak 1. lean 2. topress 3. to oppressÿanawuç handfulÿañ echoÿañak cheekÿañy ÿakynda recentlyÿañyja just nowÿañyltmaç tongue-twisterÿap ditchÿapba?ak slope, pitchÿapba?dyrmak to flattenÿapba?mak to flattenÿapgy coverÿapgyt slope, inclineÿaplamak to leanÿaplanmak to lean againstÿapmak 1. to close 2. tocover 3. to bake 4. toenclose, affix 5. to finish,to endÿapon Japaneseÿaponiÿa Japanÿaprak leafÿapraklamak to be leafy,grow leavesÿapy I. slope II. lid, coverÿapyk 1. closed 2. covered,enclosedÿapynja cape, cloakÿapy?dyrmak to stick(something into somethingelse)ÿapy?mak 1. to stick to,hold fast to 2. to be pastedtoÿar belovedÿara woundÿarag weaponÿaraglandyrmak to armsomeoneÿaraglanmak to take uparms, arm oneselfÿaragly armedÿaragsyzlandyrmak todisarmÿaragsyzlanmak to laydown armsÿaralamak to woundÿaraly 1. wounded 2. adj.woundÿaramak to likeÿaramaz bad, uselessÿaramazla?mak todeteriorate, worsenÿaramly 1. suitable, good,fit 2. useful, helpfulÿaran adherent, supporter,partisanÿaranjañ toady, lickspittle,sycophantÿaranjañlyk sycophancyÿaranlyk friendshipÿaranmak to pleaseÿara?dyrmak to reconcile(others to others)ÿara?mak to make up(become friends)ÿara?yk peace,reconciliationÿaratmak to use, employÿarawsyzlyk painfulness,morbidity, sicknessÿardam aid, helpÿardam etmek to helpÿarma grits, groatsÿarmak 1. to cut up 2. toblow up, explodeÿarma?mak to climbÿarpy halfÿarsmak 1. to be warped2. to be offended,disgustedÿartmaç cut, section, angleÿarty halfÿary gije midnightÿary halfÿaryk fissure, crack, creviceÿarylma explosionÿarylmak 1. to crack, split2. to explodeÿarym halfÿarymada peninsulaÿary? race, competitionÿary?mak to race, competeÿasama artificial, false,imitationÿasamak to craft, makeÿasaÿjy master, craftsmanÿasli r. 1. day care center2. crib, mangerÿassanmak to lean onone's elbowsÿassyk pillowÿasy flatÿasylamak to flattenÿa? 1. age 2. young 3.teardropÿa?amak to liveÿa?armak to waterÿa?aÿy? life, livingÿa?da? person of the sameageÿa?lyk youthÿa?mak "yashmak",traditional bridal mouthcoveringÿa??ik r. case, chest, boxÿa?uly elderÿa?yl greenÿa?yrmak to conceal, hideÿa?yryn secret, stealthy,vagueÿat I. mind II. 1. alien,foreignÿata stagnantÿatak 1. bread 2. stall foranimalsÿatakhana hostel, homeÿatalatmak to remindÿatdan çykarmak to forget

Turkmen/English Dictionary 68ÿatlamak to rememberÿatmak to lie down, sleepÿatymlaÿyn 1. overnight 2.daily, a day'sÿatyrlma abolitionÿatyrmak to abolishÿaz springÿazdyrmak 1. to unbutton,unfasten 2. to lower,launch, set loose, slackenÿazgarmak to accuse of,charge withÿazgy 1. entry, registration,record 2. note, sign,inscriptionÿazgyt fateÿazlamak to lead, guide,conductÿazlyk adj. summer, springÿazmaça cursive,handwritingÿazmak I. to lay down;write II. to become loose,unfastened III. 1. tospread 2. to smooth, iron,pressÿazuw writingÿazyjy writerÿazyk sinÿazykly guiltyÿazyksyz innocentÿazyksyzlyk innocenceÿazylmak to subscribeÿazylysyk subscriptionÿedi sevenÿedigen : Uli ÿedigen = BigDipper : Kiçi ÿedigen =Little Dipperÿedilik a "seven" (i.e. usedfor a bus number)ÿedinji seventhÿefreÿtor mil. lancecorporalÿegen 1. nephew 2. nieceÿegençi nieceÿegsan etmek to destroy;obliterateÿeg?ermek to bend; flexÿek-tük rarelyÿeke 1. alone 2. lone; onlyÿeke-çäk aloneÿeke-täk one and onlyÿeke-ÿeke one by oneÿekebara personalÿekedaban sledgehammerÿekelemek to thin outÿekeleÿin by the pieceÿekelik 1. one (the number)2. onenessÿekemen unsociable;solitaryÿekesiremek to feel thesameÿek?enbe Sundayÿel windÿele leeward; out of thewindÿelejiretmek to air outÿelejiräp gelmek to stroll inthe open airÿelejirmek to be aired outÿelek featherÿelekli featheredÿelgin gust of windÿelgine 1. carried by thewind 2. fig. in the throes(of something)ÿelim glueÿelimlemek 1. to glue 2. tosealÿelin gozgamak to lactateÿelken n. sailÿelkenli adj. sail, sailing:ÿelkenli gaÿyk = a sail boatÿellenmek 1. to be bloated;troubled with gas 2. to beswollenÿelli windyÿelmemek to glue; attachwith glue; seal with glueÿelme?mek to be glued;attached with glueÿelpemek to fanÿelpewaç n. fan (forfanning)ÿemlemek to stickÿem?ermek to be dented;pressed inÿem?ertmek to dent; pressinÿem?ik 1. dented 2.flattenedÿençmek to beat up; beatonÿene 1. again; once more2. and even more; andfurthermore : hiç zatbileñok, ÿene öwnenbolÿarsyñ = You knownothing and you even bragabout itÿeñ sleeveÿeñçe 1. the back of thehead 2. the back end, rearpart (of something) 3.used as a preposition:yeñsesine geçmek = tomove backÿeñiji victor; winnerÿeñil 1. light 2. simple 3.fig. easy 4. fig. weakÿeñilkelle lightwited;airheadedÿeñilkellelik stupidity;vapidityÿeñille?dirmek to simplify;easyÿeñillik privilege; easeÿeñilmek to lose (a gameor contest)ÿeñilmez invincibleÿeñi? victoryÿeñlemek to becomeeasier; lighterÿeñlenmek to shake handsÿeñle?mek to becomeeasier; lighterÿeñletmek to lightenÿeñlik a cushion-like mittused when bakingTraditional Turkmen breadin a clay ovenÿeñmek to defeat; conquer;be victoriousÿeññeÿepbe?dirmek to stuff;make bulgingÿepbe?ik flabby; overstuffedÿer 1. place 2. land 3.earth, ground 4. Earth 5.place, position, duty 6.sleeping areaÿer ?ary globeÿer titremesi earthquakeÿerasty undergroundÿerde?ikli comfortablyÿeri well; so : Ÿeri nämeaÿtmakçy? = Well, whatwould you like to say?ÿerine in place ofÿerine ÿetirmek tocompleteÿerlemek to be settled, tomake a place homeÿerle?dirmek 1. to lay,place 2. to accomodate,lodge, placeÿerle?mek 1. to be situated,located 2. to enter into, beplaced in 3. to be staying(at)ÿerle?mek to be situated, toget situatedÿerli localÿerlikli appropriate,aproposÿerliksiz inappropriateÿerzemin basementÿeser gözler shifty eyedÿesir captive, prisoner

Turkmen/English Dictionary 69ÿesirlik captivityÿeterlik enoughÿetginjek juvenille,adolescentÿetginjeklik adolescenceÿetim orphanÿeti?ik progressÿeti?ikli successful, efficientÿeti?iksiz inefficient,unsuccessfulÿeti?mek I. to be on time, tomake (a train, plane) II. 1.to ripen, mature 2. toreach a marriagable ageÿetmek to sufficeÿetmezçilik insufficient,unsuitableÿetmi? seventyÿet?enlik maturityÿgjarmak to shineÿigdelmek to grow or lookyoungerÿigit fellowÿigitlik youth, adolescenceÿigrenç hatredÿigrenji repugnant, hateful,disgustingÿigrenmek to hate,despiseÿigrimi twentyÿigriminji twentiethÿilik bone marrowÿiteltmek to sharpenÿitgi loss, wasteÿiti 1. sharp 2. poignant,penetrating 3. quick-witted4. slim, slender 5. caustic,venomousÿitigsi dim, dull, deadÿitile?mek to becomeaggravated, strainedÿitirim bolmak to vanish,be lost, go missingÿitirmek 1. to lose, give up2. to spend, wasteÿitmek 1. to go missing 2.to vanish, disappearÿoda tropic, tropicalÿogsa or else, otherwiseÿogsa-da by the wayÿogyn wide, thickÿok no, not presentÿokanç infectiousÿokançly infectiousÿokarky top, upperÿokarlanmak to raise, bringupÿokarlygyna 1. above, overthe top 2. to the eastÿokarsyna aboveÿokary 1. above, on top 2.tall 3. high, high up 4.seniorÿokary çykmak to climbÿoklamak to putÿokluk 1. absence 2.povertyÿokmak 1. to come off 2.to get better (of a patientrecovering from an illness)3. fig. to be healthy (offood)ÿoknasyz incessantÿokumly helpfulÿokundy plank, layerÿoku?degmek to beunpleasant (of words oractions)ÿoku?görmek to beoffendedÿoku?söz aÿtmak to sayunpleasant wordsÿoku?mak 1. to come off 2.to get better (of a patientrecovering from an illness)3. fig. to be healthy (offood)ÿol 1. road, path, way 2.course, system 3. means,method 4. purposeÿola time, repetitionÿolagçy passengerÿolbars lionÿolba?çy leaderÿolba?çylyk leadershipÿolda? friend, companion,ally, partnerÿolgalmak to be finished,used upÿolka r. evergreen treeÿollamak to sendÿolmak 1. to pluck, strip off2. to cut offÿolmalamak to pluck outÿolukmak to meetsomeoneÿolunmak to be broken, tocut offÿomak punÿonmak to shave, plane offÿonu?ga shaving, filingÿoñ cold, chill, feverÿoñlamak to catch a coldÿorelmek to creep, crawlÿorgan quiltÿorgan-dü?ek beddingÿorka film, coatingÿorkaryk aboveÿorunja cloverÿowar community aid,assistanceÿowuz hardÿoÿmak to distort,misconstrueÿöne I. 1. gratis, free, fornothing 2. just, only,simply so II. but, howeverÿönekeÿ 1. simple, easy 2.plain, humbleÿönekme subject (of asentence)ÿöneli? turnÿönelmek to head for, turnforÿöñkeme face,countenanceÿöñkemek to denegrate,slanderÿörelge 1. path 2. traditionÿöremek 1. to walk, go 2.to advance, move forwardÿöretmek 1. to establish 2.to conduct, guideÿörgünli 1. popular 2.marketable, saleableÿöri? 1. gait 2. pace, speedÿörite specialÿörite specialÿöriteles?dirmek tospecialize inÿörmek modal verb (seeappendix for usageexamples)ÿörü? march, campaignÿubileÿ r. jubileeÿubka r. skirtÿuka 1. thin, slender,delicate 2. tender,sentimentalÿuka ÿürek good-natured,tender-heartedÿukalmak to refineÿukalyk thinnessÿumak skein, claw, tangleÿummak to closeÿumralmak to round offÿumruk fistÿumruklamak to make afistÿumrukla?mak to fist-fightÿumrulmak to destroy,demolishÿum?ak 1. soft 2. loose,crumbly 3. gentle, meekÿum?aklyk 1. softness,gentleness 2. loosenessÿum?amak 1. to soften 2.to loosenÿumurmak to destroy,demolish

Turkmen/English Dictionary 70ÿumurtga eggÿumurtgalamak to lay eggsÿumu? duty, errandÿurt land, nationÿuwan liquid, watery,sparse, weakÿuwa? 1. quiet 2. slowlyÿuwa?amak 1. to cram in,stuff 2. to reduceÿuwa?atmak to diminish,reduceÿuwa?lyk humility,meeknessÿuwdum a swallowÿuwdunmak to swallowÿuwgurmak to kneadÿuwmak to washÿuwmarlamak to smoothoutÿuwundy slops, garbage,dustÿuwundyrmak to washÿuwunmak to wash oneselfÿuwutmak to swallowÿük 1. load, freight, cargo2. duty, serviceÿükçi loaderÿüklemek 1. to load up 2.to entrust withÿükli loadedÿüksüz emptyÿüñ woolÿüp string, yarnÿüpek silkÿüpekçi one who workswith silkÿüpekçilik silk productionÿüplük adj. cotton yarnÿürege dü?mek to annoy,botherÿüregine düwmek todecide (set your heart)ÿürek 1. heart 2. soul,mind, dispositionÿürek gysmak to missÿürek heartÿürekde? affectionate,intimateÿürekde?lik intimacyÿürekli bold, courageousÿüreklilik courage,boldnessÿürkese edinmek to bite,have a snackÿüwrük deft, nimble, quickÿüwse thimbleÿüwürji brother-in-lawÿüwürmek to be victoriousover, to vanquishÿüz I. 1. face 2. surface 3.side 4. edge II. onehundredÿüz tutmak to turn to, toappeal to, to apply forÿüze çykmak to ariseÿüzin proneÿüzlenme conversion,transformationÿüzlenmek 1. to turn to,address 2. to direct, refer,send, assignÿüzleÿ 1. small, petty 2.superficialÿüzlük one hundredÿüzmek to swimÿüzügaralyk shame,disgraceÿüzüji swimmerÿüzük ringÿüzünji one hundredthÿygjam denseÿygjamlatmak to speed up,make more frequentÿygmak to pick, gatherÿygnak gatheringÿygnamak 1. to gather,collect 2. to concentrate,store up 3. to pile up, packup, clean up, tidy upÿygnanmak 1. to becollected 2. to amassÿygnany?yk 1. collection,gathering, harvest 2.party, gatheringÿygna?dyrmak to tidy upÿygra shy, timidÿygralyk shyness, timidityÿygrenç hatefulÿygrenmek to hateÿygrykmak to becomeembarassed, perplexedÿygrylmak 1. to shrink, beshy 2. to waverÿyg?yrmak to hide, concealÿygy thick, dense, deepÿygy-ÿygydan oftenÿygyjy I. 1. typesetter,compositor 2. collector II.harvesting, harvestÿygym collection, gatheringÿygymçy collectorÿygyndy I. collector II.selectionÿygyrmak 1. to crumple,twist, wrinkle 2. to draw inÿygyrt wrinkledÿykgynçylyk sabotage,diversionÿykmak to destroy,demolish, knock down,overthrowÿykylmak 1. to fall 2. to die3. to be ruined, wreckedÿykyrdamak to chuckleÿyl yearÿylamak to warm up, heatupÿylan snakeÿylatmak to warm, heatÿyldan friskyÿyldan-ÿyla from year toyearÿyldanlyk friskinessÿyldyramak to sparkle,glitter, flashÿyldyrawuk sparkly, glitteryÿyldyrym çakmak lightningto strikeÿyldyrym lightningÿyldyz starÿylgyrmak to smileÿylgyrys smileÿyllyk 1. annual 2.anniversaryÿylmamak to cut, hewÿylmanak smoothÿylpyldamak to twinkleÿylpyldy 1. light 2. blaze,flashÿylsaÿyn year by yearÿyly pleasant, warmÿylylyk 1. warmth 2.temperatureÿylynmak to warm up, heatÿylyñ-ÿylyna from year toyearÿyr?armak to grin, smileÿyrtmak to tear off, breakoffÿyrtyjy 1. beast 2. predator3. bird of preyÿyrtyk 1. torn, broken,ripped 2. slit, tornÿyrtylmak to tear, be torn

Turkmen/English Dictionary 71Yybadathana 1. council, diet2. cathedralybarat bolmak to consistybarat comprised ofydysatçy economistygal rain, precipitationygally rainyyglan etme announcementyglanetmek to declareyg?yldamak to rustleyg?yldy rustleygtyÿar permission, licenseygtyÿarly entitledygtyÿarsyz 1. withoutpermission 2. againstone's willyhlas zealyhlasly zealous, eageryk leewardykbal fateykdysady economyykdysadyÿet economicsykjam strong, hearty, firm,robust, solidykjamak 1. to sway, swing,flicker 2. to shake, rattle,rockykjamlamak to gather,collectyklamak to take shelterykmak to linger, loaf aroundykmanda tramp, vagabondykrar etmek to recognizeykyrdamak to crunch,gnash, creakykyrdy creak, scratchylala?dyrmak to reconcileylala?mak to agree, makeup, be reconciledylala?yksyz disagreeableylaly?yk harmony,agreementylaÿta particularlyylgamak to runylgamak to runylgaw run, running, escapeylham inspirationylmy scientificylym science, knowledgeylymly educatedymam pilgrim (one who hasmade the trip to Mecca)ymarat buildingymgyr boundless, unlimitedymtylmak 1. to desire, longfor 2. to aspire, strive toymykly 1. serious 2. final,definitiveynam beliefynamly 1. reliable,dependable, sure 2. firm,steady, confident 3.trustworthyynanç beliefynandyrmak to convinceynandyryjy convincing,urgentynanjañ trusting,confidentialynanmak to believe, to trustynjalyk rest, repose, peace,calmynjalykly comfortableynjalyksyzlandyrmak toalarm, disquietynjalyksyzlanmak to beanxious, to worryynjalyksyzlyk unrestynjamak to be afflicted,distressedynjatmak to grieveynjyk 1. capricious,whimsical 2. tender, fond,delicate, soft, sentimentalyns-jyns nothing, no oneynsan humanynsanyÿet humanityynsap 1. conscience 2.justice, truthynsaply 1. conscientious 2.just, fair, true, rightynsapsyz 1. unconscious2. unjust, unfair, untrueynsapsyzlyk 1.unconsciousness 2.unfairnessyññyldamak to whine,.snivelyññyldy whineyralamak to swing, rockyramak to swing, rockyranmak to swing, rockyrañ atmak to swing, rockyrga rolling, pitchingyrgyldamak to vibrate,moveyrgyldatmak to vibrate,oscillateyrgyldy oscillation,vibrationyrmak to bend, inclineyrsaramak to find fault withyrÿa loss, wasteys odor, smell, aromaysgamak to smellysgyn strength, power,force, mightysgynsyzlanmak to tire,lose energyysgynsyzlyk feebleness,weaknessyslanan rottenysly aromaticysmanak spinachysny?mak to becomefriendsysny?yk closeness(emotional)yssy hotyssylamak to get hot, heatupysygra earringsysytma fever, malariay? crevice, slit, cracky?k lovey?yk lighty?yklamak to spy, peepy?yklandyrmak to touch up,brush up, refreshyz 1. trace 2. backside,rear, base 3. close byyza ache, painyzaly painfulyzarlamak 1. to track down2. to trace, follow, lookafter, watchyzgar moistureyzgarly humid, dampyzgyt caress, affectionyzlamak to whine, snivelyzly-yzynda successively,one after the otheryzy bilen right after, behind,followingyzygideri consistent,successivelyyzynda behindyzzat reverence, respect,awe

Turkmen/English Dictionary 72Zzabt etmek to invade,attackzabun cruelzaçÿot r. examzag crow, ravenzagyrdamak to shake,tremblezakaz r. order, commandzakaznoÿ by order, bycommandzakyja jackdawzal r. hallzalym tyrant, tyrannicalzalymlyk tyrannyzaman epoch, era, timezamça type of melonzamun bail, surety,guaranteezapas r. storage, savings,back-upzaply 1. strong 2. swift,suddenzapowednik r. preserve,reservezar die, dicezarba swift attack, blitzkreigzarbykdyrmak to wound, toinflict harmzarbykmak to be hurt, to beinflamedzarñyldamak to call, ringzarp strength, force, powerzarpçy battler, fighterzarplandyrmak tostrengthenzarplanmak to bestrengthenedzarÿadi r. 1. charge(electric) 2. cartridge,ammunitionzarÿadka r. 1. drill,exercise 2. loading,chargingzarÿadlamak to load, tochargezaryn mournful, sad,plaintivezarynlamak to mournzastawa r. outpostzat thingzawod r. factoryzaÿa spoiledzaÿaçylyk rottenesszaÿalamak to pollute, spoilzaÿalamak to spoil, ruinzaÿalanan spoiledzaÿalanmak to spoil, gobadzaÿawka r. claim, demandzaÿleek to dampen, liquify,moisturizezaÿom r. loanzehin talent, giftzehinli talented, giftedzehinsiz untalentedzelel harmzelelli harmfulzemzen giant lizardzenzele noise, racketzerarly becausezergär jewelerzerrin bolmak to be stuffed(from eating)zerur necessaryzerurlyk needzeÿ dampness, moisturezeÿilli suchzeÿrenç complaintzeÿrenmek to complainzeÿtin olivezäherli poisonouszähmet laborzibil litter, trash, garbageznaçok r. signzogdyrylmak to spurt,gush, rush outzol all the time, constantlyzolak 1. bar 2. band, belt,stripzolakly stripedzoluk compulsionzomamak to go, to pressforward, to pushzomp edip çykak to jumpout, to spring forthsuddenlyzompa suddenlyzona r. zonezoologik r. zoologicalzoologiÿa r. zoologyzor 1. strong 2. force,forcefulzoraÿakdan by force,forciblyzordan with effortzorlamak to compell, toforcezowlatmak to shout, cry outzowwam straight, throughzowzuldamak to worryzömmek pointed, conicalzörletmek to howlzöwwe immediately,without delayzulum opression, tyrannyzut gaçyp gitmek to runawayzüwwetdin cowardzweno r. a link, section,rowzynjyr chainzyñmak to throwzyÿan harm

Turkmen/English Dictionary 73Aa bira little biraz, çalaja, sähel, azoblak,birazajyka lot kän, köp, san-sajak, sansyzsanjak-syz,ençeme, gerk-gäbea lot of köpçülik, topbakA student bä?likability ba?arnyklyk, gurbat, gurp,ukyplylyk, ukypable ba?arnykly, gurbatly, ökde,gurplanmak, gurply, ukyplyabnormal ?umroÿabode mesgenabolish goÿbolsun etmek,syndyrmak, synmak, ÿatyrmakabolition ÿatyrlmaabout barada, hakynda, takmyn,üsta?yr, golaÿabove da?gyn, ÿokarlygyna,ÿokarsyna, ÿokary, ÿorkarykabrasion dyrnaçakabsence ÿokluk, propusk(r)absent-minded sölpiabsolute hyryn-dykyn, tümmekabsolute pitch owazaabsolutely düÿbündenabsolutely dry gus-guryabsorb siñdirmek, sormakabsorbant cotton pamykabstract kospekt(r),kospektirlemek(r)absurd bolgusyzabundance bereketabundant bereketli, boluçlyk,barlyabuse sögmekabusive paÿy?accelerate tizle?dirmek,çaltlandyrmakaccent ?iweaccept kabul etmekacceptable makulaccident betbagtlykaccidental tötänleÿinaccomodate ÿerle?dirmekaccomplish tamamlanmakaccomplished üstünlikliaccordance kybap, laÿyklykaccordant sazla?ykaccordian garmon(r)according to boÿunçaaccount hasapaccount of hasabataccountant hasapçyaccuracy mergenlikaccurate rejeliaccusative (gram.) aÿypgyçaccuse of ÿazgarmakache yza, syrkyramak, syzlamak,syrkawlamakachievement üstünlikacid kislota(r)acquaint tany?dyrmakacquaintance beletçilik, tany?-bili?, tany?lykacquainted beletacquire adykmakacrobat akrobat(r)action amal, perdeactive aktiw(r), janlyactivity i?actor aktÿor(r), artist(r)actual ?indikiadapt adatlanmak,uÿgunla?dyrmakadaptation werdi?add gatmak, go?makadd a layer gatlamakadd on go?makaddition go?maçaaddress adres(r), çykyw,jarnama, ÿüzlenmekadherent ÿaranadjective sypatadjoining gar?yadmiral admiral(r)admire haÿran galmakadmirer muçdakadmit boÿun almakadmonition töwella, pentadolescence ÿetginjeklik,juwanlyk, ÿigitlikadolescent ÿetginjekadopted öweÿadopted child ogullykadorn nagy?lamak, ha?amlamakadornment ha?am, ?aÿadroit çakganadroitness çakganlykadvance çozmak, ÿöremekadvance inpregnancy agralmakadvantage bähbit, nebisadverb ahwaletadversary gar?yda?advertisement reklama(r)advice geñe?, maslahat, sala,sowet(r), habardaradvise geñe?mekadviser maslahatçyadvisors öwüt-nesihataesthetic estetik(r)aesthetics estetika(r)affability mylakataffable ho?amaÿ, mylakatlyaffair i?affect degirmekaffection höre-kö?e, yzgytaffectionate ÿürekde?affirmative pola£hitel(r)affix affiks(r)African afrikalyafter soñraundan, soñafternoon öÿle, öÿle/öÿlän, öÿlänaftertaste çökündiagain baryp, täzeden, ÿene,gaÿtandan, ikilençagainst gabat, gar?y, tersineagainst one's will ygtyÿarsyzage garrylyk, gojalyk, ÿa?,garramak, (said of men)gojamakaged garryagenda gün tertibiagile çalasynagility çalasynlykagitate tolgundyrmakagitation tolguny?ykago mundan öñ, öñagree oñlamak, razyla?mak,ylala?makagree upon ugurla?makagree with göwnamekagreeable çekimiz, razyagreement ylaly?yk, razÿlykagressor basybalyjyagriculture ekerançylyk, obahojalygyah! ähäah! I see! äaha! ahaaid ÿardam, dalda, goldaw, haraÿ,hemaÿat, goldamakaim maksat, gezemek, gözöñünde tutmakaim at dogrulamakaimless peÿwagtnaair asman, howa, ?emallatmakair out ÿelejiretmekairheaded ÿeñilkelleairplane samolÿot(r), uçarairs howalaalarm howsala, trewoga(r),rahatsyzlandyrmak,ynjalyksyzlandyrmakalarmed rahatsyzlanmakalarming howsalalyalcohol çakyralcoholic drink içgialert synçy, hü?gär, howsala,hü?gär, trewoga(r)alertness hü?gärlikalien ÿatalive diri, diriligene, janlyall barha, bary, ähli, hemme,tükel, her, emall day güna?a, günüzinall in all bary-ÿogyall of a sudden birdenka, tapbaall one's life ölinçaall the time zolAllah hudaÿallegiance wepalylykalley skwar(r)allow speak gepletmekally ÿolda?almost diÿen ÿaly, takmynan, tas,takmynalone ÿeke, ÿeke-çäk, täkalong boÿunçaalphabet elipbiÿalphabet book harplykalphabet letter harpalready I era eÿÿamalso hemalter üÿtgetmek, özgertmekalteration üÿtge?iklikalterations özgeri?likaltercation tersle?ik

Turkmen/English Dictionary 74alternate gezekle?mekalways elmydam, elmydama,hemi?e, mydama, hernäamass ÿygnanmakamateur öwrenjeamateurs höwesjeñleramazing täsinambassador ilçiamiable mylakatlyammendment düzedi?ammunition ok-dari, zarÿadi(r)amount mukdar, san, pylançaamuse güÿmemekamusement hezillikamusing güÿmenjeanalysis derñewanchor labyrancient gadym, gojaman, gojaand weand even more ÿeneand with that... galyberse-deanecdote ?orta sözanew gaÿtandan, täzeçe,ÿama?gan, ÿama?gandan,täzedenangel peri?deanger gazap, gahar getirmek,gatyrganmakangle burç, çüñk, ÿartmaçangry gazaply, gyñyr, gaharjananimal haÿwan, süÿdemdirijileranimal breeder maldaranimal food iÿmanimal skin hamanimosity du?mançylykankle topukanniversary ÿyllykannouncement bildiri?, yglanetmeannoy irizmek, ÿürege dü?mekannoyance gikilewikannual ÿyllykannul syndyrmakanonymous anonomanother özgeanswer jogap, jogap bermekanswer correctly dürs jogapbermekant garynjaantiquity gadymyanxiety howatyr, ünjianxious rahatsyzlanmakany islän, kesanything nämede bolsa bir zatapartment kwartira(r)ape maÿmynapologize ötunmenkapology ötünç, ötünçapparent belkiappeal jarnama, ?ikaÿatappeal to ÿüz tutmakappear görünmek, sekmekappear in thedistance magallaklamakappear suddenly inmekappearance mysala, sypat, syrat,görnü?, kysym, sypat, ke?pappend go?makappendage go?maçaappendix go?maçaappetite i?däapplaud el çarpmakapplause çarpy?ykapple almaapply for ÿüz tutmakappointment wezipeappraise nyrhlamakappreciation minnetdarlykappreciative minnetdarapprehension howatyrapprentice ?ägirtapprenticeship ?ägirtlik,taglymat, tälimapproach ebeteÿ, çemele?mek,golaÿlamakapproimately takmynappropriate laÿyk, ÿerlikliapproval synag, tekgeapprove of makullamakapricot erikapricot pit towçaapron fartuk(r)apropos ÿerlikliaquire kuwwatlanmakarbitrariness eden-etdilikarcheological arheologik(r)archeologist arheolog(r)archeology arheolog(r)architecture arhitektura(r)archive arhiw(r)ardour howurarea meÿdançaargue çekele?mek, dawala?mak,jedelle?mek, (with someone)jetle?mekargument jedel, tutaryk, dawaargumentative dawaly, jedilliarid gurakarise döremek, ÿüze çykmakarm golarm oneself ÿaraglanmakarm someone ÿaraglandyrmakArmanian ermeni(r)armed ÿaraglyarmfull gujakarmless golsuz, golakarmpit goltukarmy go?unaroma ysaromatic ho?boÿ, yslyarouse interestin höweslendirmekarrange ugurla?mak, sözle?mekarranged çäklenmekarrest tussag etmekarrested person tussagarrive gelmek, çemele?mekarrogance gedemlik, tekepbirlikarrogant gopbamsy, gedam,gompy, tekepbirarrow okart sungat, çeperçilikartery damarartful çeperarticle çlen(r), madda, (ofmagazine) makalaartifice pirimartificial emeli, ÿasamaartificial limb protez(r)artillery artilleriÿa(r)artilleryman topçyartist artist(r), hudo£nik(r),suratçy, hünärmentartless göwnaçykas hökmünde, dekas before köneçeas far as possible mümkingadaras if goÿä, gözÿ, hamalaas it were hamala, hernäas much as is needed geregiçeas one birlikdeas soon as dessineas such hol, ?eÿle-de, tüÿsli, beÿleas though goÿä, hamalaas yet entekas you would (pl.) sizingçeash-pit (of a furnace) körükashamed of utanmakashes külashtray küldanask eÿgermek, dilemek, soramak,soramak, çintgemekask for haÿy?etmekask someone aquestion sora?makasphalt asfalt(r)aspire ymtylmakassault tutnakassemble toplanmakassembly gurultaÿ, montaA(r)assess nyrhlamakassignment komandirowka(r)assimilate özle?dirmekassist arkala?makassistance ÿowarassistant assistent(r), kömekçi,laborant(r)association bilele?ikassume çaklamak, çenlemekasthma demgysmaastonishment haÿranastronaut komonawt(r)astronomer astronom(r)astronomy astronomiÿa(r)at golaÿynda, üsta?yrat attention smirno(r)at dawn dañdanat fault müÿnliat first öñürtiat last teÿ-ahyrat once derrew, ur-tutat present häzirat random oÿlamazdanat the right time wagtlywagtynda,wagtyndaat the very beginning ozalyndaat the wrong time biwagtat will isleg boÿunçaathletics atletika(r)atlas(r) atlazatmosphere atmosfera(r)atom atom(r)attach with glue ÿelmemekattached with glue ÿelme?mek

Turkmen/English Dictionary 75attack jenaÿatçylyk, hüjüm,jabjynmak, kakyn, zabt etmek,arala?makattacker jenaÿeakärattain success rowaçlanmakattempt synany?yk, dyrja?mak,synanmakattend gatna?makattention dykgat, gara?yk, ünsattentively siñeattitude garaÿy?attitudes otno?enie(r)attract özüñe çekmekattractive görnükliaudience diñleÿjiauditiorium auditoriÿa(r)aunt daÿzaauthentic ähtibarauthority at-abraÿ, häkimiÿetautomobile ma?ynautumn güÿzavailable nagtavaracious husytavenue prospekt(r)average ortaçalavoid gaçalaklamak,ÿadyrgamak, gaça durmak,gaçgakmak, gaçalak etmekavoidance gaçalgaawake oÿa, turmakawaken oÿarmakawe yzzatawkward emelsiz, müÿnürgemekawkwardness emelsizlikawl bizawning bassyrma, teläraxe paltaaxis okBbaby bala, bäbek, prezentbaby donkey taÿharbaby goat owlakbachelor sallahback çöwre, geri?, ÿagyrny, (adj.)syrtky, (physical) arkaback of a horse/donkey sagryback-up zapas(r)backside syrt, yzbacteria bakteria(r)bad bet, erbet, myrtar, pis,ugursyz, ÿaman, ÿaramazbad feelings jetlikbad luck betbagtbadger torsukbadness betlik, erbetlikbag bukja, sumka(r), torbabaggage bagaj(r)bail zamunbake peç etmek, ÿapmakbaked meat pie içlekli, içlikbalance terezi, taÿlamakbalcony balkon(r)bald sakar kelleball pökgi, ?ar(r), topballet balet(r)ballistic ballistik(r)balloon howa ?arybanal lenç bolmakband zolakbandage saragbandit galtaman, garakçybandy-legged çaslyk, çaÿ?ykbanister tutawaçbank bank, seññerbanquet wreath çemenbar zolakbaracade barrikada(r)barb tikenbarbarism gerbariÿ(r)barbed tikenlibarber dellekbarber shop dellekhanabarefoot aÿakÿalañaçbargain söwdala?makbark gabykbarley arpabarren gysyrbarrier barÿer(r)barter çal?yrmak, çaly?makbase baza(r), esas, düÿp, tylbasement ÿerzemin, podwal(r)bashful utanjañbasic esasybasically esasanbasin legen, taññyrbasis esas, fundament(r)basket kuzow(r)baste köklemekbasting kökbath wanna(r)bath-house hammambattallion batalion(r)battery batareÿa(r)battle söwe?battler zarpçybawl çygyrmakbay (color of a horse) dorbayonet naÿzabazaar bazarbe bolmakbe able to ökdelemek, bilmek,edip bilmek, ba?armakbe absorbed siñmekbe afflicted ynjamakbe afraid eÿmenmek,namartlamak, gorkmak,çekinmek, üÿ?enmek, haÿykmak,oñkuldamakbe aired out ?emallamak,ÿelejirmekbe alerted keÿkertmek, özgermekbe amused güÿmenmekbe angry hyrsyzlanmak,sortdurmakbe annoyed hyrsyñy di?lemekbe anxious ynjalyksyzlanmakbe at the end süÿrenjen,süÿrenmekbe bankrupt tozmakbe beautified owadanlanmakbe bent bükülmek, egrelmekbe bloated ÿellenmekbe born dogulmak, dünÿä inmek,önmekbe broken ÿolunmakbe burned up köÿmekbe bursting dyzamakbe capricious näzirgemekbe captivated gürma bolmakbe careful ägä bolmakbe chosen saÿlanmakbe cleaned saplanmakbe cold ü?emek, ü?etmekbe collected ÿygnanmakbe compatible oñu?makbecomplicated çyl?yrymla?dyrmakbe concealed gizlemekbe cooked bi?mekbe coupled with garpy?makbe courteous salykatlybe covered withmist nemjiremekbe dampened nemlenmekbe dazed gama?makbe defeated basylmakbe delayed täsgenmek,eglenmekbe dented ÿem?ermekbe destroyed çagsamak,opurylmakbe detained güÿmenmekbe digested siñmekbe directed eñmek, gönümekbe disappointed lapykeç bolmakbe disgusted gama?makbe disheveled ime?mekbe dispirited lapykeç bolmak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 76be divided paÿlanmakbe driven crazy bizar bolmakbe drizzled siññitlibe dumb-founded sömelmekbe empty takyramakbe engaged (in) me?gullanmakbe entitled to hakly bolmakbe eroded oburylmakbe eyes and ears) göz-gulakbolmakbe faced with duçar bolmak, du?bolmakbe fallen ilmekbe fascinated with gyzmakbe fed iÿmitlenmekbe fermented ajamakbe fervoured gyzykmakbe filled dolmakbe finished tükenmek, ÿolgalmakbe firm ersmekbe flipped over dönmekbe fond of gowy görmekbe found tapylmak, ogu?ÿabe founded on esasanlamakbe fragrant kükemekbe frightened ürkmek,hopukmakbe frosty jybarlamakbe frozen doñmakbe fulfilled bitmekbe glad monça bolmakbe glued ÿelme?mekbe going (on a regularbasis) gatnamakbe guided gollanmakbe hackneyed lenç bolmakbe hairy tüÿjermekbe hanging asylyp durmakbe happy söÿnmekbe hardened taplanmakbe heard owazlanmak,seslenmekbe hooked ilte?mekbe housed jaÿla?makbe hunched over küÿkermekbe hung sallanmakbe hungry ajykmakbe hurt zarbykmakbe idle ÿaltanmakbe ill hassalamak, kesellemek,näsag bolmak, syrkawlamakbe improved ÿag?ylanmak,ÿag?yla?makbe in order hatarlamakbe in short supply gytalmakbe inflamed zarbykmakbe insecure aljyramakbe interested gyzyklanmakbe interesting to gyzykdyrmakbe introduced to tany?makbe isolated çetle?mekbe jealous imtilmek, gabanmakbe knotted düwülmekbe late gijikmekbe lazy iññgildi, irinmekbe leafy ÿapraklamakbe leaning söÿenmekbe led eÿermekbe lengthened uzalmakbe lifted galmakbe lost ÿitirim bolmak,gaçgakmakbe made of edilmekbe made well abadanla?makbe mistaken ÿalñy?makbe mixed bulanmak, gary?makbe noted tapawutlanmakbe numb süu go?amakbe occupied(with) me?gullanmakbe offended göwnüne degilmek,kemsinmek, öÿkelemek,torsarmak, ÿoku?görmek,ÿarsmakbe old çagsamakbe on one's guard ü?erilmekbe on the alert ü?erilmekbe on time ÿeti?mekbe oppressed ezilmekbe organized çäklenmekbe out of breath daljykmakbe parted dyr-pytrak bolmak,ÿapy?makbe placed goÿulmakbe poured out dökülmekbe prim eljiremekbe propped up direnmekbe protected baÿrynmak,goranmakbe proud buÿsanmak,guwanmakbe proven subut bolmakbe provoked hekgermekbe pushed in dykny?makbe put together guranmakbe quarrelsome igenmekbe quiet dymmakbe ratified tassyklanmakbe reconciled ylala?makbe rectified düzelmekbe regarded hasaplanmakbe related garynda?syramakbe repeated gaÿtalanmakbe resolved çözülmekbe right against galta?dyrmakbe ruined bozylmak, ÿykylmakbe satisfied kanagatlanmak,oñmakbe scared of ürkmekbe settled ÿerlemekbe shaken titretmekbe shamed uÿalmakbe shortened keltelmekbe shy ÿygrylmak, utanmakbe situated ÿerle?mekbe snoopy sokgarylmakbe soaked süllümbaÿbe spoiled ajamakbe still çä?ermek, durmakbe straightened up dogralmakbe strengthened zarplanmakbe stuffed (from eating) zerrinbolmakbe supported baÿrynmakbe surprised geñirgenmekbe sweet süÿjemekbe swollen ÿellenmekbe taken with deprenmekbe the first öñürtmekbe thirsty suwsamak, suwsamakbe tightened büzülmekbe tired irmek, peteñ etmekbe torn ÿyrtylmakbe tortured surnukmakbe uncaring dözmekbe united birle?mekbe unpleasant ÿoku?degmekbe unsettled gorsanmakbe upset peri?an bolmak,rahatsyzlanmakbe vexed hekgermekbe victorious ÿeñmek,ÿüwürmekbe warped ÿarsmakbe wet süllümbaÿbe widened giñelmekbe worn out könelmekbe worthy rowa bolmakbe woven dokalmakbe wrinkled bürje?mekbeach plÿa£(r)beads hünji, monjukbeam nur, pürs, ?öhlebeany kösüklibear (animal) aÿybear (bring) gelmekbear a burden jepa çekmekbear fruit miwelemekbearable çydamlybeard sakgalbeast ÿyrtyjybeat gürsüldemek, urunmakbeat on ÿençmekbeat up ÿençmekbeautiful gel?ikli, kaçañ, owadan,ajaÿypbeautiful woman perizat,näzeninbeauty gel?ik, görk, gözellik,owadanlykbecause çünki, sebäbi, zerarlybecome a citizen raÿat- bolmakbecome a man kemalbecomeaccustomed öwreni?mekbecome aggravated ÿitile?mekbecome chilly çigremekbecomecomplicated çyl?yrymla?mak,kynla?makbecome cool salkynlamakbecome dark garalmakbecome dense galñamakbecome disinterested sowamakbecome distant uzakla?makbecome dry kepemek, kakamakbecome dull kütelmekbecome dusty çaññalak,tozanlamakbecome easier ÿeñlemek,ÿeñle?mekbecome embarassed ÿygrykmakbecome empty çolarmakbecome enervated ejizlemekbecome entangled çola?makbecome fatigued leji çykmakbecome flat ma ?armakbecome friends dostla?mak,ysny?makbecome full bitmek

Turkmen/English Dictionary 77become full ofoneself gomparmakbecome furious öjükmekbecome ill näho?lamak,näsaglamakbecome infected simlemekbecome inflamed çi?mekbecome interestedin höweslenmekbecome literate sowatmakbecome overripe mylkarmakbecome pus-like iriñlemekbecome quiet rahatlanmak,ünjalmakbecome rich baÿan, baÿanmakbecome silent kö?e?nekbecome small ownamak, u?amakbecome soft myjjarmakñbecome strong gurplanmakbecome thin inçelmekbecome warm maÿlamak,çigremekbecome weatherbeatengaÿzykmakbecome wet öljermekbecome wormy gurtlamakbecome worn out leji çykmakbecome wrinkled mürrelmekbecome yellow saralmakbed dü?ek, krowat(r)bed sheet porsyn(r)bedbug tagtabitibedding ÿorgan-dü?ek, dü?ekbee arybee-keeper balçybeehive bort(r)beer piwa(r)beet ?ugundyrbeet soup ?i(r)before ozal, öñürti, öñüsyra, ga?,mundan öñ, öñinçäbefore sunset gijarabefriend tirke?mekbeg özelenmekbeggar a?aky, gedaÿbegin ba?lamak, giri?mek, geçmekbegin to grow ternelemekbeginning start(r)behavior özüni alyp bary?,häsiÿet, bolu?behind yzynda, yzy bilenbeing barlykbelch gägirmekbelief ynam, ynançbelieve ynanmakbell jañ, jyññyrdybellow molamakbellows körük, sanaçbelly-button göbekbelly-laugh wakyrdamakbelong degi?li bolmakbelongings emläk, go?-golañ, go?beloved ÿar, söÿlibelow a?ak, astbelow zero minus(r)belt bilbag, gu?ak, bilgu?ak, zolakBelugian dokybend çitmek, eplenmek, epilmek,bükmek, çaÿ?armak, egmek,epmek, gañrylamak, gañyrmak,gaÿ?artmak, gy?artmak,ÿeg?ermek, yrmak, (oneself)bükülmekbend back gaÿ?artmakbeneficial haÿyrlybenefit haÿyr, ÿag?ylyk,gönenmekbenevolent ho?niÿetlibent egriberries kiselbesides da?yndan, ondan hemba?gabestial wag?ylarçabetray satmakbetrothe adaglamakbetrothed adaglybetween planets planetara(r)between two people özarabeverage host içirgibeware of howtyrlanmakbeyond da?gyn, gaÿdypbibliophile kitaphon, kitapsöÿüjibicycle welosiped(r)big belent, ullakan, çi?ikbig in size ulybillion milliard(r)bind bogmak, dolamakbind (a book) jiltlemekbinding jiltbinoculars dürbibiography biografiÿa(r),terjimehalbiology biologiÿa(r)birch berÿoza(r)bird gu?bird of prey ÿyrtyjybird-house ketekbirth doglu?, botlamakbirthday doglan günibirthmark täçbiscut kökebit tikebitch ganjykbite atagzy, çokmak, di?lemek,garbak-gurbak etmek,garbanmak, ÿürkese edinmek,çeÿnemekbite through tam?anmakbiting çapgynblack garablackberry böwürslenblackboard tagtablacken garalamakblackhead düwürtikblade tyg, gylaw, pyçakblame aÿyplamak, günäkärlemek,müÿnliblameless günäsizblank propusk(r)blanket odeÿal(r)blaze ÿylpyldy, labyrdamak,lowlamakbleach heklemekbleat çekremek, mälemekbleed ganjarmakblemish menekblessed e?retli, sapalyblessing patablind körblindman's bluff(game) gözdandyblindness körlükbliss rähnetblissful rähnetliblister pakgarçakblitzkreig zarbablizzard syrgynblock beklemekblood gan, süÿtde?bloodless gansyzbloody ganlybloom güllemekblooming gülleblotch tegmilblow urgy, öwüsmek, üflemekblow one's nose sümgürmekblow up maÿyrmak, ÿarmakblue gökbluest göm-gökblunt dürtme gürsak, tünt, kütek,küteltmekbluntly çürt-kesikboard tagta, münmek,komissiÿa(r), prowlenie(r)boarded up jebisboarding school internat(r)boast güplemek, öwünmek,magtanmakboasting öwünjeñlikboat gaÿykbob (of an animal's tail) jontukbobbin tigirbody beden, endam, korpus(r),läsh, jisimboil ba?, çyban, gaÿnamak,gaÿnatmak, (water for tea)demlemekboiled gaÿnagbold ÿürekli, batyr, ilginçboldness batyrlyk, ÿüreklilikbolt kilt, kiltlemekbomb bomba(r), bombalamakbombastic epeÿbone süñkbone marrow ÿilikbook kitapbook-lover kitaphon, kitapsöÿüjibookkeeper buhgalter(r),uçÿotçik(r)boot ädik, üste, üstesine, mesibooth kabina(r), atÿatakborax tenekarborder araçäk, çet, çäk, çil, gyra,lüñ, pel, serhet, jähek, hetborder guard serhetçibordering araçäkde?bore burawlamakboring gyzyksizborscht bor?(r)bosom emjekboss ba?tutan, ba?lyk, naçalinik(r)botanical botanika(r)bother ÿürege dü?mek, päsgelbermekbottle çüÿ?e

Turkmen/English Dictionary 78bottom ast, düÿp, aÿaguç, teÿ,syrtbounce bökmekboundary het, çetboundless çäksiz, ymgyrbow egmek, tijemek, tijenmekbowl ?akäse, tabak, jambowstring kiriçbox gap, gapyrjak, guty, tahyl,ÿa ?ik(r)boxer boksçyboxing boks(r)boy oglan, ogulboys and girls ogul-gyzbrace arkadaÿänç, direg, diremekbracelet bilezikbrag öwünmek, magtanmak,pañlamakbraggard öwünjeñbraid saç örümi, çyrma?mak,örmek, örmekbrain beÿnibranch pudak, ?ahabranch out pudaklamak,?ahalamakbranchy ?ahalakbrand tagma, tagmalamak,daglamakbrandish bulaÿlamakbrave edermen, mertbravely merdana, mertlerçebravery petbreach gädikbread çörek, nan, ÿatak, gallabreadth inlibreadwinner ekleÿjibreak tormoz(r), döwmek,döwülmek, kül-peekun etmek,omurmakbreak down maÿrylmak,haraplamakbreak inpieces mynjyramakbreak off ÿyrtmak, gätmekbreak out (in a rash) örmekbreak through böwüsmekbreak up ça?makbreak. time-out arakesmebreakage ?ikesbreakfast ertirlik, ertirlik naharbreast dö?, emjek, göwüs, gursakbreath dembreath heavily demikmekbreathe dem almakbreeding edepbreeze öwüsginbrew lasyrdamakbribe parabriber parahorbrick kerpiç(r)bride gelneje, gelinbride price galynbridge köpribridge of the nose señrikbridle kelleki, uÿan, uÿanlamakbridle a horse nogtalamakbriefcase portfel(r)briefly gysgaçabrighten ÿagtylmakbrilliance öwü?gin, ÿalpyldybrilliant genial(r), lowurdawuk,ÿalpyldawuk, röw?en, ÿalpyldaduranbring getirmek, eltmek, äklemek,rejelemek, timarlamak, alypgelmekbring good tidings bu?lamakbring grief to gynamakbring in girizmekbring life janlandyrmakbring up ÿokarlanmak,terbiÿelemekbrittle portbroken döwük, harap, ÿyrtyk,opmakbronze bürünçbrood hen kürkbroom sübcebrother dogan, garda?brother -in- arms eginde?brother-in-law ÿüwürji, giewbrotherhood doganlykbrow mañlaÿbrown goñurbruise señselikbrush çotga(r), timar bermek,çotgalamak(r)brush against lak atmakbrush off silkmek, çotgalamak(r)brush up y?yklandyrmakbrushwood çöplemebrutal wag?ylarçabubble köpürjik, lakyrdamakbubbling lakyrdybuck up gaÿratlanmakbuckle tokabud pyntyk, ?inde, gunçabudge gymyldamakbudget bÿujet(r)bug möjekbuild gurmakbuild firmly ersmekbuilding bina, jaÿ, ymaratbuilding site obÿekt(r)bulging güberçekbull öküzbulldozer buldozer(r)bullet seçmebum sergezdanbump pakgarçakbump against degmekbun ÿaglybunch desse, ho?a, salkymburden jepabureau bÿuro(r)burial jaÿlamaburn garalmak, otlamak, ötmekburn up köÿmekburning jokramaburp gägirmekburrow hinburst çatlamakburst into kürsemekbursting gyrylmakbury gaplamak, jaÿlamakbus konductor(r)business-like edenlibusiness-trip komandirowka(r)businessman söwdagarbustle gaÿmala?makbusy i?li, me?gul, ba?agaÿbusy-body gepçibut emma, welibut also welibutcher gassapbutchery öl?ükbutt çüwde, süsmekbutt into dykylmakbutt of a joke oÿnatgybutter mesgebutterfly kebelekbutton ilik, knopka(r), sadapbuy satyn almakbuy up towsa götermekbuyer alyjybuzz wazzyldy, güwwüldemek,hyzlamak, ?uwlamak, ?yglamak,tarlamak, wazypdamakby accident tötändenby chance tötänleÿin, äwül-säwülby command zakaznoÿby comparison göräby correspondence gaÿybanaby daylight ÿagtygözinby foot pyÿadaby force zoraÿakdanby no means teÿby order zakaznoÿby pairs ikibirby portions paÿa(r)by the clock çasowoÿ(r)by the hour çasowoÿ(r)by the piece ÿekeleÿinby the way ÿogsa-daby turns gezegine, gezekgezigineby way of üsti bilenby-pass sowulmakby-passed sowa

Turkmen/English Dictionary 79Cc'mon bakalycabbage kellemcabin kaÿutacable tanapcackle gagyldamakcadaver maslyk, meÿitcafe kebaphanacafeteria naharhanacage kapasacake pirog(r), tort(r)calculate hasap etmek,hasaplamakcalculation rasçÿot(r)calendar kalendar(r)calf (young cow) gölecalico jircall atlandyrmak, oÿarmak,wizit(r), çagarmak, jyññyrdamak,kösemek, zarñyldamak,çagyrmakcall order tertibe çagyrmakcall up jyññyrdatmakcallous gabarçyk, gabarmakcalm haÿ-kü?etmek, höre-kö?eetmekcalm down kö?e?nek,rahatlanmak, ünjalmakcalmly ine-gana, mazalycaloric kaloriÿaly(r)calorie kaloriÿa(r)calve botlamak, guzlamakcamel düÿe, maÿa, torumcamel's milk (fermented) çalcamera fotoapparat(r)camomille çopantelpekcamp lager(r), dü?elgecampaign ÿörü?can tüññüncanal kanal(r)candidate kandidat(r),kandidatly(r)candle ?emcandy marmelad(r), süÿjicane çiñrik, taÿakcanned foods konserw(r)cannon topcap papakcapability ukypcapable ukyply, ba?arnykly,güÿçli, ökdelemekcapacity sygymcape ÿapynjacapital paÿtagtcapitalism kapitalizm(r)capitalist kapitalist(r)capitalistic kapitalistik(r)capricious ynjykcaptain kapitan(r)captivating hezilcaptive ÿesircaptivity ÿesirlikcapture eÿelemekcaravan kerwencarbon uglerod(r)carbonated gazlycarcass läshcard kartoçka(r)cardboard kartoncare gözeg, ideg, ?öwürcare for alada etmek,aladalanmakcarefree biagyrycareful usully, ätiÿaçly, seresapcarefully seresaplycareless biagyry, biparh, hapysa,howul-haracarelessness geleñsizlikcares alada, hysyrdycaress höre-kö?e, yzgytcargo ÿükcargo ship teplowoz(r)carnage gyrgynçylykcarnation dalçyncarnival karnawalcarpenter gurlu?ykçycarpet halycarpet maker halyçycarpet-making dokmacarrot kä?ircarry da?amak, äkitmek,?ugullamakcart arabacartilidge gemirçekcartoon karikatura(r)cartoon character ?ar£cartridge zarÿadi(r)case ÿa ?ik(r), delil, tahylcashier kassir(r)cashier's desk kassa(r)cask çelekcast a spell jadylamakcast down sallamakcast iron çoÿun(r)caste jyn, synpcasting (metal) guÿmacasual tötänden, tötänleÿincat pi?ikcatalogue katalogcatastrophe heläkçilikcatch kilt, gapmakcatch a cold çigreklemek,sowuklamak, ÿoñlamak, ü?emekcatch hold of iÿilmekcategorically çürt-kesikcategory kategoria, azrÿad(r)cathedral ybadathanacats guzlamakcattle malcause iñirdi, sebäp, sypalgacause pain agyrtmak,uwlundyrmakcause trouble iñirdemekcaution ätiÿaçcautious aÿawly, ätiÿaçlycave gowak, süren, köwekcave in gaÿ?armakcease diñmek, tüketmek,togtamakceiling potolok(r)celebrate dabaralanmakcelebrated me?hurcelebration dabara, toÿcellar podwal(r)cellophane sellofan(r)cellulose sellÿuloza(r)cement sement(r), sementlemekcemetery mazarçylyk, öwlüÿacenter merkez, orta, ojak, uzel(r),jümmü?centimeter senitmeter(r)central merkezicentral design gölcentralize merkeleçdirmekcentury asyrcerebral cortex gyzamykceremonial dabaralyceremony dabaracertain gürrüñsiz, hatyrjemcertain people käbiricertificate ?ahadatnama,?aÿatnamachaff harpykchain zynjyrchair oturgyç, stul(r)chalk hek, mel(r), hekchamber kamera(r), palata(r)champion çempion(r)championship çempionat(r)chance mümkinçilikchancellor rektor(r)chandelier lÿstra(r)change özgeri?, özgertmek,çaly?mak, üÿtgetmek, (returnedmoney) gaÿtargychange clothes çal?yrynmakchange money ownatmakchanges özgeri?likchaos garma-gürmelikchapati çapadychapped gaÿzykmakchapter bapchar gara-ört bolmakcharacter gylyk, häsiÿet, häsiÿetcharacteristic harakteristika(r),mahsus, has, rejecharacterize häsiÿetlendirmekcharge oklamak, zarÿadlamak,(electric)zarÿadi(r) FALSEcharge with ÿazgarmakcharge with acomission tab?yrmakcharitable geçirimlicharter ustaw(r)chase kowgy, çekankalamak,kowalmakchat söhbet, lakgyldamakchatter warsaky, gygyrmak,madyrdamak, samahylamakchauffeur ?ofÿor(r)cheat kezzapcheating kezzaplykcheck çek, barlamakcheck against deñemek,deñe?dirmek, de?irmek

Turkmen/English Dictionary 80check-up barlagcheckers (Asian style) ?a?ka(r)cheek duluk, ÿañakcheek-bone çekgecheer up göwnüne gotermekcheerful mes, ?agalañlycheerfulness meslikcheese peÿnirchemical himiki(r)chemistry himiÿa(r)cherished jana-jancherry üljechess kü?tchess player kü?t?ichest kükrek, sandyk, ÿa ?ik(r)chew çenemek, çeÿnemekchew nuts çitgitlemekchick jüÿjechicken towukchicken pox garamykchief naçalinik(r), ba?tutanchigger sakyrtgachild çaga, prezentchildhood çagalyk, oglanlykchildness çagalykchildren çaga-çugachildren's çagachill ÿoñchime ?aññyrdychimney truba(r)chin alkym, eñekchina farfor(r)chintz jirchinze çitchirp ?atyrdamak, çakmakchisel oÿmakchit-chat gümür-yamyrchocolate ?okoladchoice saÿlamachoke hopukmakchoke on düwünmekcholera mergichoose saÿlamak, seçmekchop kotlet(r), çybyklamak,çapmak, kätmenlemekchop off gätmekchop up kerçemekchop with an axe paltalamakchopper çapgychosen saÿlanan, saÿlamachronic öwrendeklichronicle hronika(r)chubby lopbush, pökgichuckle hykyrdy, hykyrdamak,ÿykyrdamak, pykyrdamakchunk kerçchurch buthanachurn up saÿmakcigarette çilimcipher ?ifr(r)ciphere ?ifrlemek(r)circle aÿlag, aÿlaw, sirkul(r),syramakcircular aÿlawly, tegelekcirculation tira£circumcision sünnetcircus sirk(r)circus arena manercistern sisterna(r)cite salgylanmakcitizen grajjdan(r)citizens halkcitizenship raÿatcity ?äherclaim zaÿawka(r), talapclamorous haÿÿarclamp gapjawaç, gapjamakclamp on to garpy?makclan taÿpa, tireclap el çarpmak, çarpmakclarified butter saryÿagclarify saplamak, anyklykclass synp, razrÿad(r), klas(r)classical klassykyclassical writer klassykclassmate klasda?clatter ?arkyldamak, ?arkyldy,tyrkyldyclaw dyrnak, ÿumakclay laÿ, palçyk, toÿunclay oven tamdyrclean arassa, päkize, tämiz, päk,tara?lamak, arassalamak,çotgalamak(r)cleanliness päkizelik, tämislikcleanse tara?lamak, tämizlemekcleansing tara?clear dü?nükli, päk, durlamakclear off gyrtyçclearing meÿdancleave çybyklamakclever berekella, dü?bi, akyllycleverness dü?bülikclick tiññirdi, ?yññyrdamak,tiññirdemek, tiññirdetmekclick one's tongue pitikilemekclient müçdericliff gaÿaclimb dyrma?mak, hopba bolmak,ÿarma?mak, ÿokary çykmakclinic dispanser(r), klinika(r)clip endiganlamakclippings galak-galçakcloak ÿapynjaclock sagatclod lokga, tokgaclose kapas, taga?ykly, basyrmak,ÿapmak, ÿummakclose eyes süzülmekclose to du?closed ÿapykclosely du?lycloseness golaÿlyk, (emotional)ysny?ykcloth mataclothes egin-e?ik, e?ik, e?ikler,geÿim, geÿim-e?ik, geÿim-gejimclothes peg ildirgiçclothesline simclothing eginba?, lybas, üst-ba?cloud bulut, büremekcloudburst jalacloudy alasarmyk, gama?yk,(personal) çytykclover ÿorunjaclub klub(r), kru£ok(r), taÿakcluck käkelemek, wakgyldamakclump desseclumsy nalajedeÿincluster ho?aclutch gysymcoach trener(r)coal kömürcoarse harsalcoast kenar, gyracoat begres, penjek, çaÿmakcoating ÿorkacobweb kerepcock horaz, mä?ecocoa kakao(r)cocoon pilecoddled lälikcode ?ifr(r), ?ifrlemek(r), (of law)kodeks(r)coffee kofe(r)coffin tabytcogitate öl?ermekcoil tegekcoin ?aÿy, teññe, çekankalamakcoincide gabat gelmekcold sowuk, sowuklyk, ÿoñcoldbloodednesssowukganlylykcolic sanjycollaboration hyzmat da?lykcollapse lag?amakcollar hamyt, hamytlamakcolleague i?des, i?ger, i?gär,kärde?collect üÿ?ürmek, ÿygnamak,ykjamlamak, çöplemekcollection kolleksiÿa(r),ÿygnany?yk, ÿygymcollective farm kolhoz(r)collective farmer kolhozçi(r)collector ÿygymçycollide çaky?mak, çakny?mak,(head on) kakly?makcollision çakny?ykcologne odekolon(r)colonel polkownik(r)colonial bakyna, koloniÿal(r),golastycolony kolonoÿa(r)color reñklemek, reñkcolored reñklicolorful reñklicolt taÿçanak, taÿcolumn kolonna(r), sütün, sütüncomb darak, kekeç, timarbermek, daramakcomb one's hair tüÿtmekcombine kombaÿn(r), urnamak,utga?dyrmak, sapmakcome gelmekcome across tapmak, unamak,çaky?mak, uçramakcome apart ça?makcome back dolanmakcome down çökmek, dü?mekcome down on dazarylmakcome late giçlemekcome off ÿokmak, ÿoku?makcome on! davaÿ(r)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 81come taking alyp gelmekcome the point dille?mekcome to du?gelmekcome to life direlmek, janlanmakcome untied çözülmekcome up gögermekcomedy komediÿa(r)comfort taga?ykcomfortable amatly, jaÿla?ykly,ynjalykly, çemeli, taga?yklycomfortably orna?ykly, ÿerde?iklicoming barly?ykcoming out nejatcomission tab?yrykcomma oturcommand buÿruk,komandowanie(r), buÿurmak,höküm, zakaz(r)commandant komendant(r)commander komandir(r),komanduÿyçiÿ(r), serkerdecommerce aluw-satuw, söwda,söwdacommissar komissar(r)commission komissiÿa(r), sargytcommissions hysyrdycommitte komitet(r)committee komissiÿa(r)commodity harytcommon umumycommon cold dümewcommon people(???) garamaÿakcommoness umumylykcommunism kommunizm(r)communist kommunist(r)communist youthleague komsomol(r)community umumylykcommunity aid ÿowarcompanion ?ärik, ÿolda?company kampaniÿa, rota(r)comparison meñzetmecompartment (on atrain) kupe(r)compass kompas(r)compassion mähri, rehimcompassionate dözümsiz,rehimdar, rehimlicompel pu?man getermek,zorlamakcompensate tölemekcompensation öwezcompete ÿary?makcompete with çapy?makcompetition konkurs(r), ÿary?compiler düzüjicomplain käÿinmek, ?ikaÿatetmek, zeÿrenmek, nalamakcomplaint naly?, ?ikaÿat, zeÿrenç,nalacomplete ?alpy-?arañ, hyryndykyn,tamamlanmak, tümmek,torsuk, aÿyrmak, soñlamak,ÿerine ÿetirmek, aÿrylmak, (aset) komplektlemek(r),komplekt(r)completely bütinleÿcomplex çyl?yrymly, kompleks(r)complicate kynla?dyrmakcomplicated çyl?yrymlycompliment öwmekcomponent go?ulyjycompose taÿyarlamakcomposed düzüwli, giñcomposer kompozitor(r), düzüjicomposite kompleksleÿin(r)composition düzme, düzüm,esercompositor ÿygyjycompound go?macomprehensive hemmetaraplaÿyncompress kompres(r)comprised of ybaratcompulsion jebir, jepa, zolukcompulsory mejbury, hökmanyconceal jaÿlamak, ÿyg?yrmak,bukmak, gizlenmek, lak bolmak,ÿa?yrmak, sumat bolmakconceit men-menlikconceited gompy, gopbamsyconcentrate ÿygnamakconcern degirmekconcerning degi?li, dogrudaconcert konsert(r)concerted maslahatlaçylykconcession egli?ikconclusion gutary?, netije, kararconcordant sazla?ykconcourse hümerconcrete beton(r)condition ?ert, ÿagdaÿconditional ?ertliconditions oññutconduct özüni alyp bary?,ÿazlamak, geçirmek, ÿöretmekconductor geçiriji, prowodnik(r),(of a band or orchestra)dirijÿor(r), (on a train)konductor(r)confer maslahatla?makconference konferensiÿa(r),mejlis, gurultaÿ, maslahatconfess boÿun almakconfide sargamak, sarmakconfidential ynanjañconflict dawaconform laÿyk bolmakconformity kybapconfuse ÿalñy?dyrmak, çal?yrmakconfused garja?makconfusion bulam-bujar, señselik,garma-gürmelik, haÿacongeal ?atlamakcongratulate gutlamakcongratulation mübärekcongratulations gutlagcongress kongres(r), slÿot(r)conical çüri, zömmekconnect baglamak, sepi?mek,seplemek, çitmekconnection çitim, arabaglan?yk,aragatna?ykconquer üstün çykmak, ÿeñmek,eÿelemekconscience wyjdan, ynsap,namysconscientious ynsaplyconsciousness müÿnconsecutive birsydyrgynconsequently netijedeconservatory konserwatoriÿa(r)consider hasaplamak,äsgermek, saÿmakconsiderable esli, ähmiÿetliconsideration oÿlanmaconsidered hasaplanmak,oÿlany?yklyconsist ybarat bolmakconsistent kanagatly, yzygidericonsolidate pugtalandurmak,jebisle?mekconsolidation jebislikconsonant çekimsiz sesconspiracy dildüw?ükconstantly zolconstitution konstitutsiÿa(r), süuconstruction gurlu?, gurlu?lyk,konstruksiÿa(r)consul konsul(r)consulate konsulhana(r),konsullyk(r)consult hötde gelmek, çaramak,maslahatlaçmakconsultation konsultasiÿa(r)consume sarp etmek, sowmakcontain eklemekcontemporary häzirki, (peer)döwürde?content mazmuny, razycontentment razÿlykcontest konkurs(r)continent materikcontinental kontinental(r)contingent kontingent(r)continual çykgynsyzcontinually dura-bara,durdugyçacontinue dowam etmekcontinuous birsyhlycontract potratçylyk, ?ertnamacontradictory gapma-gar?ycontribution go?antcontrive tos-toslamakcontrol kontrol(r), kontrollyk(r),dolandyrmak, geçirmekcontroller kontrolÿor(r)controversy çekele?ikconvenience taga?ykconvenient çemeli, taga?yklyconvenient situation çemeconvention gurultaÿconversation gep-gürrüñ, gep,gürrüñ, sözconversation partner söhbetde?conversational geplem?ekconverse geple?mek,gürrüñde?mekconversion ÿüzlenmeconvex güberçekconvey gow?uramak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 82conveyor konweÿer(r)convince ynandyrmakconvincing ynandyryjy, degerlicook a?pez, bi?irmek, taÿyarlamakcookie köke, peçenÿa(r)cool salkyn, ters, sowamakcoolness seleñcooperative kooperatiw(r)coopertation hyzmat da?lykcoordinated maslahatlaçylykcope oñarmak, özle?dirmekcopper miscopy kopiÿa(r), nusga,ekzemplÿar(r)copying wypiska(r)coquetry näzcoquettish näzlicore özencorkdykycorn mekgejöwencorn silk gulpakcorner çüñk, künjek, (of the eye)çikgecorpse läsh, maslyk, meÿitcorrect dürs, hak, mamla, jaÿcorrected guratcorrespondent habarçycorresponding kybapda?corridor koridor(r)cosmetics kosmetika(r)cosmonaut komonawt(r)Cossack kazakcostly ?aÿ-sepcotton gowaça, pagta, çit, çapakcotton boll gozacough üsgülewuk, üsgürlewük,üsgürmekcough up ardynjyramakcouncil ybadathana, maslahatcount hasap, sanamak, sifrlemekcount in hasaplamakcount on arkaÿyn bolmakcounted sanlycountenance jamal, ÿöñkemecounter kapasacounterfeit galpcountry watan, ülke, ÿurtcountryman ilde?coupon talon(r)courage batyrlyk, mertlik,ÿüreklilikcourageous batyr, mert, ÿüreklicourageously merdana,mertlerçecourse kurs(r), dowancourt sud(r)courteous sypaÿycourteously sypaÿçylyklycourtesy sypaÿçylykcousin bajak, çykan, doganoglancover ÿapmak, gapak, oramak,pokry?ka(r), sahap, ÿapgy,basyrmak, buky, ÿapy, jilt,çaÿmak, gaplamak, örtmek,?ifirlemek(r)cover oneself up kereplemek,kesmeklemekcovered ÿapykcovering penacovet emenmek, imtilmekcow sygyrcoward namart, züwwetdincowardice gorkaklyk, namartlykcowardly sarç, namartcrack jaÿryk, ?artyldy, çat, ?atyrdy,?yrkyldamak, ÿaryk, y?,çitgitlemek, hytyrdamak,jaÿrylmak, pylçamak,?artyldamak, ?atyrdamak,ÿarylmak, paramakcrack up çatlamak, maÿrylmakcrackle ?artyldamak, ?yrkyldy,?atyrdamak, ?yrkyldamakcrackling jyzzykcraft hünär, senet, ÿasamakcrafted hünärmentçilikcraftiness hilegärlik, hokga, hile,?eÿtanlykcraftsman hünärment, ussat,ussa, ÿasaÿjycrafty mekircrag gaÿacram in ÿuwa?amakcrane (bird) durnacrash ?atyrdy, çakny?yk, ?artyldy,gürpüldemekcrawl ÿorelmek, emedeklemek,süÿrenmekcrawl away pitirdemekcrazy däli, telbecreak ykyrdy, ykyrdamakcream gaÿmak, krem(r)creamy gaÿmaklycrease epincreate döretmek, gurmak,döretmekcreation döredijilik, döretmecreations ?ahyrlykcreator döredijicredibility san-cyzcredit kredit(r)creek çaÿcreep bukdaklamak, süÿrenmek,ÿorelmekcreep into sümmekcrepe byzmykcrest çür depesicrested çüricrevice y?, çat, ÿarykcrew ekipazh(r)crib sallançak, ÿasli(r)crime jenaÿat, günäcriminal jenaÿatly, jenaÿatcycriminal act jenaÿatçylykcripple çolakcrisis krizis(r)crisp kitirdewükcritical tankydycriticism tankytcritique tankyt, tankytlamakcroak gagyldamak, warkyldamakcrochet needle çeññekcrooked egricrop ekin, petekecross atanak, haç, a?mak, ötmek,ätlemek, (each other) kesi?mekcross one's legs çili?irmekcross-country race kros(r)crossing olumcrossroads çatrykcrow garga, zagcrowd hümer, üÿ?meleñ,tümmeklemekcrowding dykny?ykcrown pür, täç, sülenmekcrude harsalcruel zabuncruiser kreÿser(r)crumb owuntykcrumble owmak, owranmak,pytramakcrumbly ÿum?akcrumple lokgalamak,tokgalamak, ÿygyrmakcrunch hytyrdamak, hatyrdamak,kibirdemek, kitirdetmek,ykyrdamak, hokurdamakcrush itni?ik, dykny?yk,külkelemek, maÿdalamakcrust (of bread) gyñakcrutch pi?ekcry haÿkylyk, aglamak, eñremek,(of a baby) jägildemekcry out zowlatmak, çygyrmak,haÿkyrmak, heñkirmek,waÿkyrmakcry out angrily herrelmekcrying agycrystal hrustal(r)cube kub(r)cubicle kabina(r)cuckoo ikatäkcucumber hyÿarcultivate ösdürmekcultivation kultiwatsiÿa(r)cultivator kultiwator(r)cultural medeni, medeniÿet,medeniÿetli, medeniÿeticulture medeniÿetcumbersome gabacunning hile, mekirlik, sap,?eÿtanlyk, hilegärlik, hokgacunning fellow hilegärcup çanak, käse, tabakcupboard ?kaf(r)cupola gümmezcure sagdynla?dyrmakcurious bilesigelijicuriousity bilesigelijilikcurl buÿrak, (of smoke)burugsamakcurl up çugutmakcurly buÿrakcurrency walÿuta(r), teññecurse nälet, sögmek, näletlemekcurse out käemekcursive ÿazmaçacurtain perde, tutycurtsy çommalmakcurvature egrilikcurve gy?yk, epmek, epilmek, (onone's own) eplenmekcurvy aÿlawlycushion dü?ekcustom urp-adat, dessurcustomer alajy, müçderi

Turkmen/English Dictionary 83customs gümrükcustoms house gümrükhanacut kesmek, biçim, kertik,ÿartmaç, dilik, biçmek, dilmek,gyÿmak, käselemek, ÿylmamak,çirtmekcut along the grain sep?ik deñbölemekcut down gyrkmakcut in kesmekcut off ÿolunmak, soÿmak,ÿolmakcut out sepikdirmekcut pieces dogramakcut slightly kertmekcut up ÿarmakcut with a sharpedge syhalamakcut with scissors gaÿçylamakcutlet kotlet(r)cutter katercylinder silindr(r)Ddaily gündizki, günsaÿyn,ÿatymlaÿyndam bent, böwet, gatladam up bentlemekdamage ÿamanlykdamn näletlemekdamnation gargy?, näletdamp çig, yzgarly, nemlidampen zaÿleekdampness zeÿ, çyglykdance tans(r), tans etmek(r)dancer (prominent) tansçy(r)dandruff goñakdanger howpdangerous hatarly, gorkuly,gorkunç, biderekdangle salparmakdangling salpydare milt, milt etmekdark garañkydark complexioned garaÿagyz,bugdaÿ renkdarken garañkyramakdarkness garañkylyk, tüm,tümlük, körlük, garañkydart okdurylmakdash garnuw, garyndy,okdurylmak, topulmak, çozmakdate hurma, senedawn dañ, säher, dañ atmak,ÿagtylmakday günday after tomorrow birigünday and night gije-gündizday before yesterday öññinday care center ÿasli(r)daylight gündizkidaytime gündiz, gündizinedazzle alarmakdazzling ilginçdead öli, öli, wepat, jansyz, ÿitigsidead body maslyk, meÿitdeaf güñ, kerdeafness kerlikdeal oñarmakdean dekandear eziz, mähribandear one gadyrlydeath ajal, ölümdeath rate ölüm derejesideaths ölüm-ÿitimdebate çeki?meler, çekisme,jedel, oÿlanmak, çeki?me etmekdebauche jenjeldebt algy, bergi, çykdajydebtor bergidardecade dekadadecanter grafim(r)deceased wepat bolandeceive oneself aldanmakDecember dekabrdecent kemallydeception aldaw, gözboÿagçylykdecide (set your heart) ÿüreginedüwmekdecision çözgüt, karardecisive kesgin, töwekgel, üzülkesildeclaration arzadeclare yglanetmekdecline kemelmekdecorate ha?amlamak, beslemek,bezemek, nagy?lamakdecorated person ordenlidecoration bezeg, ha?am, orden,?aÿdecorative pattern nagy?decrease saÿpallamak,gowzalmak, kemelmek,kiçelmek, peseletmek, peslemekdecree ukaz(r), dekrekdedicated janypke?, mynasybetlidedication janypke?likdeep çuñ, ÿygydeep thoughts oÿ-pikirdeepen çuñaltmakdeepen gradually çuñla?makdeer sugun, sugundefeat ÿeñmekdefect kemdefend goramak, penalamakdefend oneself penalanmakdefense penadefine kesgitlemekdefinite mälimdefinition kesgitleme,kesgitnamadefinitive ymyklydeflect ret etmekdeformed ?umroÿdeformity ?umroÿlukdeft ÿüwrük, çakgandegenerate çüpremekdegree dereje, çak, gradusdelay haÿallatmak, sagynmak,eglemek, haÿal-ÿagallyk etmek,gijikdirmekdelegate delegatdelegation delegatsiÿadelicate näzik, ÿukadelight keÿp, sapadeliver äklemek, gow?uramak,eltmek, tab?yrmakdell köwdemand talap, zaÿawka(r)demarcate pel çekmekdemocracy demokratsiÿa(r)democratic demokratik(r)demolish ÿumrulmak,ÿumurmak, ÿykmakdemolished weÿrançylyklydemon döwden sürendenegrate ÿöñkemekdense goÿry, goÿy, ÿygjam,dykyz, gür, ÿygydensity syklyk, goÿulyk, syk, töpdent ÿem?ertmekdented ÿem?ikdeny dänmek, inkär etmekdepartment store uniwermag(r)depend on bagly bolmak, gara?lybolmak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 84dependable ähtibar, ynamlydependence gara?lylykdependent bagly, elgarama,gara?ly, golastydepict suratlandyrmak,sypatlandyrmak, ?ekillendirmekdeposit goÿum, gatlamak,çökündidepraved harapdepth çuñluk, jümmü?deputy deputat(r), orunbasardescend dü?mekdescendants nesildescent eña?akdescribe suratlandyrmak,sypatlandyrmak, beÿan etmek,suratlandyrmakdescription suratlandyrma, waspdesert çöl, gumdeserted çolarmakdeserve mynasyp bolmakdeserving (of) mynasypdesign bejergi, çyzmak, hyÿal,konstruksiÿa(r), pygyl, tostoslamakdesign (for) niÿetlemekdesigner konstuktor(r)desire isleg, göwnamek,küÿsemek, meÿillenmek, myrat,ymtylmakdesire (for) höwesdesirous of göwünjeñdesk parta(r)desperate çykgynsyzdespise ÿigrenmekdespite garamazdandespotism eden-etdilikdestiny nesibe, çigindestroy opurmak, syndyrmak,ÿegsan etmek, ÿumrulmak,ÿumurmak, ÿykmakdestroy (crops) otamakdestroyed berbatdestroyer istrebiteldestruction hapalyk, berbatdetachment otrÿaddetain eglemek, güÿmemek,saklamakdetained eglenmekdetainee tussagdetective sülçhideteriorate erbetlemek,erbetle?mek, ÿaramazla?mak,haÿallamakdetermination aÿgytdetermine seljermekdetermined aÿgytly, dogumlydetriment ÿamanlykdevelop ösmek, harsdevelopment ösü?devil ?eÿtandevoid mahrumdevoted bagy?, janköerdevoted to mynasybetlidevotee muçdakdexterity çakganlykdextrous çakgandial (to telephone) pyntyklamakdialect dialekt(r), ?iwediarrhea içagyry, içgeçmediary gündelikdice zardictation diktant(r)dictatorship diktatura(r)dictionary sözlükdie ölmek, zar, aradan çykmak,dünÿäden ötmek, ölmek, wepatbolmak, ÿykylmak, aÿrylmakdiesel dizel(r)diet ybadathanadiffer tapawutlanmakdifference parh, tapawut,üÿtge?iklikdifferent aÿry, dürli-dürli, eÿleki,gaÿry, üÿtge?ik, dürlidifferentiate tapawutlandyrmak,parhlandyrmakdifferently ba?gaçadifferentness tapawutdifficult çatak, çetin, kyn, müçgildifficulty hyllalla, kynçylyk,kynlyk, muçakgatdiffused syrylmakdig gazmak, köwlemek, köwmekdig around for dörmekdig in dikmekdig into dörjemekdigest lasyrdamak, sindirmek,siñdirmekdignity mertebe, namysjañdigress syrykdyrmakdike gaçy, gatladilapidated (used ofclothing) göw?üldim ÿitigsi, ümezlemekdim-witted körzehindimension gabaradiminish kemelmek, kiçelmek,sabamak, seÿreklemek,ÿuwa?atmak, egismekdimwit körlükdin gowga, ?owhun, gopgundining hall naharhanadining room naharhanadinner ag?amlyk nahar,günortanlyk nahardiploma diplom(r)diplomatic diplomatic(r)direct göni, dogrulamak,gönükdirmek, ugramak,ÿüzlenmekdirection tarap, ugurdirections gönüme, wagyznesihatdirectly gömelteÿdirector direktor(r)dirt çor, çyr?ak, gäz, hapadirty hapa, kirli, kirletmek,hapalamakdisability maÿyplykdisabled person maÿypdisadvantage gel?iksizlikdisadvantageous gel?iksizdisagree gar?y cykmakdisagreeable ylala?yksyz,mähirsizdisagreement jetlik, razybolmazlykdisappear gürüm-jürüm bolmak,ÿitmek, sumat bolmak, uçmakdisarm ÿaragsyzlandyrmakdisaster beladiscernible çümhörekdiscipline düzgün-nyzam,düzgün-tertip, tertibe çagyrmakdisciplined tertiplidiscontent nägilelikdiscontented nägilediscourteous biedepdiscourtesy biedeplikdiscovery tapyndydiscussion çekele?ik, çekisme,söhbet, gürrüñdisdain äsgermezçilik,äsgermezlik, harlamakdisease syrkawlyk, hassalyk,keseldisgrace masgarçylyk,ÿüzügaralyk, masgaralamakdisguise sumat bolmakdisgusted ÿarsmakdisgusting ÿigrenjidish tabak, tagamdishes gapgaçdisheveled ime?ikdisinterested göwünsizdisjointed agzaladisk ?aÿba(r)dismiss kowmakdismissal otctawka(r)dismount dü?mekdisorderly garagol, garym-gatymdispatch office ekspedisiÿa(r)dispatcher dispetçer(r)disperse ça?mak, pytramakdispleased nägiledispleasure nägilelikdispute çekele?ik, çekele?mekdisquiet rahatsyzlandyrmak,ynjalyksyzlandyrmak, gozgalañdisruption opuryly?ykdissatifaction nägilelik,närazylykdissatisfied nägile, närazydissertation dissertatsiÿa(r)dissoluteness kelesañlykdissuade ret etmekdistance aralyk, menzil, uzaklykdistant alysda, uzakdistinctive parhly, özbolu?lydistinguish parhly bolmak,saÿgarmak, seljermek,tapawutlandyrmakdistinquished tanymaldistort gy?artmak, ÿoÿmak,çaÿ?armakdistress hasrat, gynamakdistressed ynjamakdistrict uçastok(r)disturb rahatsyzlandyrmakdisturbed gowgalydisturbing galagoply, howsalalyditch ganaw, garnym, gorp, ÿapdiver wodolaz(r)diverge gy?armakdiverse dürlidiversion ÿykgynçylyk

Turkmen/English Dictionary 85divert sowmakdivert one'sattention syrykdyrmakdivide saka, taraz, bölmek,paÿlamak, paÿlas?mak, ülemekdivision (military) divisiÿa(r)do elujundan etmek, etmekdo evil hyÿanat etmekdo one's best jan etmekdo quickly haÿdamakdo so ?eÿtmekdo such ?eÿtmekdoccent dotsent(r)doctor doktor(r), wraç(r)document dokument(r)dodger hilegärdograma dogramadoll gurjak, emzikdolt pekgedome gümmezdonkey e?ekdoor gapy, i?ikdot nokatdouble entendre ikuçlydoubt iñkis, ?ek, ?übhe,?übhelenmek, müñkürlenmekdoubtful gümana, ?übhelidoubtless ?übhesizdough hamyrdove kepderidown übtükdownpour çabga, jaladowry ?aÿ-sepdozing oÿaly-ukulydraft çertÿor(r), garalama,taslama, çyzgydragon ajdarhadragonfly teneçirdrama drama(r)draughtsman grafik(r)draw tartmak, çekmek, çyzmakdraw out uzakla?dyrmakdrawer çekerdrawing çyzgy, çyzgydrawing of a lottery tira£drawn (game) hutma-hutdreadful elhençdream arzuw, düÿ?, uky,düÿ?ürgemekdreary tukatdress köÿnekdress oneself geÿmekdress somebody geÿdirmek,geÿindirmekdressmaker köÿnekçedried guradylandried apricots ki?dedried fruit ki?dedried melon kakdrift kañkamakdrill zarÿadka(r), burawlamakdrink hopurdatmak, içmekdrinks hödürdrip damjalamak, dammak,sarkmakdrive tigirlemek, togalamak,çüwek, haÿdatmak, idirdetmek,sürmekdrive cattle kowalamak,kowala?makdrive in kakmakdriver sürügi, ?ofÿor(r)driveway podÿezd(r)drizzle çisñi, çisñemek,sepelemekdrone wazzyldydrop damja, sallamak, gaçyrmak,dökülmek, gaçmakdroppings tezekdrown gark bilmakdrugstore dermanhanadrum deprekdrunk pÿan(r), serho?dry gury, ürgün, kepemek,sarykmak, kakamakdry out guramakdry up çalykmakdry-farming dümedryer su?ilkadryness gurulykdubious ?übheliduck ördekdull kütek, küteltmek, öçgün,öçügsi, ÿitigsi, gama?ykdull in color çaldummy emzikdunce ählepus, pekgedung tezekdung beetle tomazakdurability çydamlylykdurable mäkämduring dowamynda, döwründedusk iñrikdust çañ, kir?en, toz, tozan,ÿuwundy, tozamak, tozatmakduty borç, karz, nesÿe, ÿumu?,narÿaddwelling mesgen, jaÿdye garalamakdyke bentEeach other birek-biregieager yhlaslyeagle bürgütear(s) gulakearlier öñinçä, hemi?e, irkiearlobe sümekearly ir, irkiearly evening ikindi, ilkag?amearly morning dawn irgözinearly spring alabahar, alaÿazearn eklenmek, gazanmakearnings gazanç, ysygra, teneçirearth toprak, ÿerearthenware pot golçaearthquake ÿer titremesiease ÿeñillikeast gündogareastern gündogareasy añsat, ÿeñille?dirmek,ÿönekeÿ, erkanaeat iÿmekeat a little di?lemekeat and drink iÿmek-içmekeat away kertmekeat grass otlamakeat one's fill doÿmakeat some garbak-gurbak etmek,garbanmakecclesiastical ruhyecho ÿañeconomical tyg?ytlyeconomics ykdysadyÿeteconomist ydysatçyeconomize tyg?ytlamakeconomy tyg?yt, tyg?ytlylyk,ykdysadyedge erñek, gylaw, çet, tyg,mekanedging jähekedible iÿmitedict ukaz(r)edit redaktirlemek(r)editing redaksion(r)editor redaktor(r)editorial staff redaksiÿa(r)editorship redaktorlyk(r)educate terbiÿelemekeducated bilimli, okuwly, ylymlyeducation bilim, magaryf,terbiÿeleÿi?educational terbiÿeçilik,terbiÿeleÿjilikeducator magaryfçy, terbiÿeçieek! wäeffect effekt(r)effective netijelieffectiveness netijelilikeffeminate lälikeffeminateness läliklikefficacious degerliefficient ba?arjan, ÿeti?iklieffort tagalla

Turkmen/English Dictionary 86egg ÿumurtgaeggplant badamjaneight sekizeighth sekizinjieightieth segseninjieighty segsenelbow tirsekelder ÿa?ulyelection saÿlaw, saÿlowelector saÿlawçyelectrical connection tok(r)electrification elektrifikasiÿa(r)electrify elektrifisirlemekelectrik elektrik(r)elegance nepislikelegant nepis, sypaÿyelement element(r)elementary elementar(r)elephant pilelipses köp nokatelse dagyelucidate ?öhlelendirmekembarass utandyrmakembarassment haÿa, hyllallaembark ugramakembark upon giri?mek, ugratmakembarrassed çekinmekembassy ilçihanaembellish nagy?lamakembellishment ?aÿembers közemblem emblema(r), gerbembrace gujak, gujaklamak,gujakla?makembrace with çyrlamakembroider çatmak, tikmek,gaÿamak, ke?delemek, ke?teetmek, nagy?çekmekembroidered ke?deliembroidery gaÿma, keçde, ke?teembryo ?indeemerge sekmek, peÿda bolmakemergence nejateminent genial(r), görnükli,tanymalemit an unpleasingodor añkawmakemphasize nygtamak, omzamakemphatic preposition diñemphatic suffix naemploy ÿaratmakemployment hyzmatemptiness bo?lukempty howaÿy, pak, puç, ÿüksüz,bo?, bo?atmakenable mümkinçilik etmekenamel syrçaencircle gur?awmak, gabamakencirclement gabawenclose gur?awmakenclosed ÿapykenclosure agylencounter du?mak, du?u?mak,du?u?ykencourage höweslendirmekencrust ga?lamakencrustations ga?encyclopedia ensiklopediÿa(r)end ahyr, tamam bolmak,tamamlamak, uç, gutarmak,aÿakendeavor hysyrdamak,çytala?makending go?ulmaendlessly häli-?indiendure çydamakenemy du?man, ÿagyenergetic gujurly, galadaw,söwe?jenenergetic ÿadawsyzenergy enegiÿa(r), gujurenforce mejbur etmekengine dwigatel(r), motor(r)engineer injener(r)engineering injenerlik(r)English iñlis, iñlisçeenjoy hezel etmek, ?atlanmakenjoyment sapaenlarge ulalmakenlightenment magaryfenlist pyntyklamakenormous mähnetenough bes, gerk-gäbe, ÿeterlikenraged üzñeenrich baÿla?dyrmakenriched baÿanensue eÿermekentangled bula?ykenter girmekenter into ÿerle?mekentertain hödürlemek,güÿmemekentertainment hödür, hezillikenthusiasm entuziazm(r)entire bitinentirely dur?una, tutu?,tutu?lagyna, tutu?laÿynentitle hukuk bermekentitled ygtyÿarlyentrance girelge, podÿezd(r)entrapment gabahatçylykentrust tab?yrmakentrust with ÿüklemekentry ÿazgyenvelope bukjaenvious bahyl, görip, içigaraenvironment halkaenvirons töwerekenvy bahyllyk, içigaralykepigraph epigraf(r)epilepsy garagu?, tutgaÿepisode epizod(r)epoch döwür, zamanequal barabar, deñ, endiganequality deñlikequally barabarequestrian çapyksuwarequip enjamla?dyrmakequipment enjam, serenjamera era(r), zamanerase bozmakeraser bozguçerode oburmakerrand ÿumu?erroneous telekeruption örgünescalator eskalator(r)escape alaç, sypmak, ylgaw,dyndarmakessay oçerk, düzmeessential düÿpli, möhümestablish ÿöretmekesteem hatyra, hezzet-hormat,hormat, hormatlamakesteemed hormatlyestimation rasçÿot(r)eternal baky, ebedi, ömürlik,ebediliketernity ebedilikEthiopian efiop(r)etude etÿud(r)evaluate nyrhlamakevaporate bugarmakevasion sapalkeven hatda, hekaÿateven in number jübüteven out deñlemekevening giçlikevent hadysa, wakaevergreen tree ÿolka(r)everlasting ömürlikevery her, hersi, hemme, kesevery month aÿba-aÿevery other day günasaeveryone baryeverything baryevidence delil, ?aÿatlyk,?aÿatnamaevident ä?gärevil hyrsyz, hyÿanat, içigaralyk,um, içigaraexact takyk, dogry, hutexacting talapkärexactitude talapkärlikexactly nokatma-nokat, edil,gyradeñexactness takyklykexam zaçÿot(r)examination derñew, ekzamen(r)examine barlamak, esetmek,ÿaltaklamakexaminer barlagçy, derñewçiexample mysal, göredeliexcavator ekskawator(r)excellent otliçno(r)vtöwelemeexcerpting wypiska(r)excessive çakdana?a, çendana?a,hetdena?aexchange aly?-çaly?, çal?yk,çaly?ma, aly?mak, çal?yrmak,çaly?mak, u?atmakexchange news habarla?makexcite tolgundyrmakexcited göçgünliexcitement tolguny?ykexcuse bahanaexemplary çemeliexercise ma?k, bedenterbie,zarÿadka(r), (in a book)gönükmeexert oneself emgenmekexertion tagallaexhaust horlamakexhausted sustupes

Turkmen/English Dictionary 87exhibit eksponirlemek(r)exhibition eksponat(r), sergiexile sürgün, sürgün etmekexist barexistence durmu?, güzeranexit alaç, çykalga, ahyr, çykmakexpand giñlemekexpansion giñlemeexpect oslamakexpectation hantama,hantamaçylykexpedition ekspedisiÿa(r)expend harajat etmek, harçlamakexpenditure çykdajy, harçexpense çykdaÿjy, harçexpensive gymmat, gymmatlyexperience tejribe, synamakexperienced tejribeliexperimental eksperiment(r)expert habarly, edenliexpertise ekspertizia(r)explain aÿdyñla?dyrmak,dü?ündirmekexplanation dü?ündiri?, dü?ünjeexplanatory dü?ündiri?liexplode ÿarmak, partlamak,ÿarylmakexploit eksplutatirlemek(r)exploitation ekplutasiÿa(r)explosion partlama, ÿarylmaexponent görkezijiexport eksport(r),eksportirlemek(r)expose eksponirlemek(r)exposure pa?express añlatmakexpression añlatma, jümleextend batlandyrmak, uzatmak,çukuralmak, süÿndürmek,süÿnmekextensive çuñalmakextent dereje, uzynlykexterior da?, mysalaexternal da?aryexternally gaÿybanaextinct öçen, sönenextinguish öçmek, söndürmek,üzmekextol götergimekextra artyk, artykmaçextract da?la?dyrmakextraction köwekextreme gyrakyextremely biçak, judaexult he?elle kakmakeye garak, gözeye to eye ikiçäkeyebrow ga?1eyelash kirpikeyelid gabakFfabric mata, materiÿa(r)face didar, ke?p, ÿöñkeme, ÿüzface to face pete-pet, ga?ba-ga?fact fakt(r)factory fabrik, zawod(r)faculty fakultÿet(r)fade pyssarmak, solmak, solmak,sönmek, süllermekfaded solgun, myssykfailure sowsuzlykfaint señselemekfair adalatly, ugurda?, ynsaplyfairness adalatfairy tale ertekifaithful janköer, dindarfaithless biwepafaithlessness biwepalykfake galp, jögifaker aldawçyfalcon laçynfall güÿz, batmak, çökmek,ÿykylmak, gaçgakmakfall asleep uklamak, irkilmekfall back çekilmekfall ill çyrçyklamak, syrkawlamakfall in hopmak, eñtermekfall in the habit of ürçetmekfall inpieces lag?amakfall off gopmak, hopmakfall out gopmakfallen tree çapykfallow bozfallow deer maralfalse ÿalan, ÿalandan, emeli, ters,ÿasamafalsehood çypdyrmafalsify galpla?dyrmakfame me?hurlyk, ?anfamiliar (person) tany?familiarize öwreni?dirmekfamily ma?galafamily house öÿ-i?ikfamous ?anly, me?hurfan ÿelpemekfantastic fantastika(r)fantasy fantaziÿa(r)far alys, uzak, da?farm ferma(r)farming ekerançylykfarrow jojuklamakfascinated gürma bolmakfashion moda(r), biçimfast tiz, aÿakly, agyz beklemek,(religious) post(r)fast-breeding guzlaññyfasten danmak, örklemekfastidious çümhörekfat semizfat man inedördülfate nesibe, takdyr, täleÿ, ÿazgyt,ykbal, bije, ülü?father kaka, däde, öweÿfatigue ÿadawlykfatness semizlikfatten parkyldamak, semremekfattened parkyldy, guratfaucet kran(r)fault günäfavorable oñaÿly, enaÿy, ugurda?favorite söÿguli, söÿli, syrda?fear gorky, heder, howatyr,eÿmenmek, howtyrlanmak,üÿ?enmekfearful tez, ürkekfearless gaÿduwsyzfeather pero(r), ÿelekfeathered ÿeleklifeathers pazylfeature reje, çyzykFebruary fewral(r)feces bokfed up with peteñ etmekfederal federatiw(r)federation federasiÿa(r)federative federatiw(r)fee nyrh, wznos(r)feeble ejizfeeble-minded kemakylfeebleness ysgynsyzlykfeed iÿmlemek, iÿm, ot- iÿm,emdirmek, iÿdirmek,iÿmitlendirmek, naharlamakfeed grass to otarmakfeel añmak, duÿmak, äwmek,syzmak, tikeneklemekfeel angry hyrsyzlanmakfeel chilly ü?ütmekfeel free to... çekinmedefeel inspired ruhlanmakfeel nauseous bulanmakfeel shy çekinmekfeel sick süu go?amakfeel sorry for gaÿgyrmakfeel the same ÿekesiremekfeel uneasy müÿnürgemekfeeling duÿgyfell eñtermekfellow garçygaÿ, ÿigitfellow traveller hemrafelt keçefemale urkaçyfemale pilot pilotka(r)female underwear içliklikfence aÿmança, haÿat, goragfencing fehtowaniÿe(r)ferment gor, maÿa, ajatmakfermented dough hamyrmaÿa,hamyrtur?yfertile hasyllyfertilize dökünlemekfester çylpyklamakfestival baÿram, festiwal(r)fetch getirmekfetters du?akfeuilleton felÿeton(r)fever ysytma, howur, tebit, ÿoñfew azfiber süÿümfiction çeper eser

Turkmen/English Dictionary 88fidget oÿkanjyramak,sintenjiremekfield meÿdan, ?üdügärfield of endeavor maÿsafield of grain maÿsafifty ellifig injirfight uru?mak, uru?, göre?mek,söbe?mek, söwe?mek, urunmak,penjelemekfighter pälwan, ur?ujy, zarpçyfighting by greedypeople açgözlylykfigure sifr(r), syrat, sifrlemekfile igelemek, (tool) igefill doldurmak, ganmak,gandyrmak, gapgarmak,nalamak, tümmeklemekfill in gömmek, plomwalamak(r)fill up bitirmekfilled doly2, gömükfillet çylkafilling plomwa(r), ÿonu?gafilm film(r), kino(r), pleÿonka(r),ÿorkafilter süzguç, süzmekfilthy kirlifinal final(r), gutarnykly, jemleÿji,soñky, ahyrky, ahyryn, ymyklyfinale final(r)finally teÿ-ahyrfinance maliÿe, maliÿeleçdirmekfind tapyndy, tapmak, unamakfind an excuse for bahanlamakfind fault with yrsaramakfind out about salgy atmakfind room sygmakfine iri, jerime, telper, u?ak, jerimesalmakfinger barmakfingerful atymfinish pelle, pellehana, uç,soñlamak, aÿaklamak, dynmak,gutarmak, paÿawlamak, tamambolmak, tamamlamak,tamamlanmak, tüketmek,sowulmakfinished wepatfire kostÿor(r), lorsuldamak, ot,kowmak, (a rifle) tüpeñlemekfirework feÿerwerk(r)firm berk, firma(r), gaÿym, pert,pugta, töwekgel, üzül-kesil,ykjamfirmness berklik, pugtalykfirst birinji, ilkifirst existing ilkidurmu?first name atfirst place öñdelikfish balykfissure ÿaryk, jaÿrykfist ÿumrukfist-fight ÿumrukla?makfit kakyn, ÿaramlyfitter montÿor(r)five bä?fiver bä?likflabby ÿepbe?ik, myjjarmakñflag baÿdakflake (skin) soÿulmakflame ÿalyn, lowurdyflank böwürflap salgamakflare up labyrdamak, lowlamakflash ülpüldemek, ÿyldyramak,ÿylpyldyflashlight panysflat ÿasy, düzflatlands düz, düzlükflatten ma ?artmak,ÿapba?dyrmak, ÿapba?mak,ÿasylamakflatten out ma ?armakflattened ÿem?ikflavor tagamflaw kemflawless kemsiz-köstsüz, kemsizflea bürefleabite büreflee bosmak, gaçmakfleet flot(r)flesh tenflex ÿeg?ermekflexibility çeÿelik, maÿyçgaklykflexible çeÿe, maÿyçgakflicker ykjamakflight reÿs(r), uçu?flightiness kelpeñlikflighty kelpeñfling pyzmakflip dündermekflip over döndermekflip-flop dünderilmekflirt näzirgemekflirtatious näzliflirting näzfloat galtgaflock süri, süriflood jo?gun, silflooded jo?gunlyfloor etazh(r), pol(r), gatflour harman, unflow akar, akym, çüwdürmek,?abyrdamak, tigirlenmek,togalanmak, çogmak, syrykmak,akmakflower gülflower bed gülzarflowing akabaflu grip(r), dümewfluctuation pasyrdyrfluff übtükfluid suwukflutter gymyldy, galgamakfly siñek, uçmakfly past(a target) myçmakfoal taÿçanakfoam köpük, köpürjik, agaran,köpürjiklemekfog duman, ümezfoggy dumanlyfold epin, epmek, eplemek,eplenmekfold down sepmekfolded egrelmekfolder papka(r)follow kowalmak, yzarlamak,eÿermek, gollanmakfollowing indi, yzy bilenfondness gadyrfood a?, azyk, iÿmit, hödür, naharfood and drink iÿmek-içmekfool pañkelle, samsykfoolish akmak, gagalfoolishness samsyklykfootball futbol(r)football player futbolçy(r)footstep ädimfootwear aÿakgapfor üçinfor a two year period ikiÿyllykfor example meselem, mysalüçinfor good mydamalaÿynfor life ömürlikfor nothing ÿönefor now häzirlikçefor the time being häzirlikçe,onyançaforbidden gadagan, haramforce gujur, zarp, zor, hal, ysgyn,zorlamakforce forward idirdetmekforced çäresiz, mejbur, nalaçforceful gurjurly, esgin, zorforcibly zoraÿakdanford güzer, olumfore alyndakyfore-arm bilekforefather ata-babaforehead alyn, mañlaÿforeign ÿatforeign language da?ary ÿurt diliforeigner gemi?ek, myhmanforest tokaÿ, tokaÿlyk, jeññelforestry tokaÿçylykforever düÿpgöter, düÿpleÿin,mydamalaÿynforge nalamakforget unutmak, ÿatdan çykarmakforgive razyla?mak, bagy?lamakfork ?aryk, wilka(r), çar?akform blank(r), ?ekel, format(r),görnü?, naÿçalamak,resmile?dirmekform a group toparlamkak,toparlanmakformal formal(r), resmiformalgreeting essalawmaleÿkimformation nyzamformer öñki, hemi?eformula formula(r), añlatmaformulate formulirlemek(r)formulation formulirowka(r)fortieth kyrkynjyfortify berkitmekfortress galafortunate ho?bagt, mañlaÿlyfortune bijeforty kyrkforum forum(r)forward gaÿdyp, ilerkifound döretmek, esaslsandyrmakfoundation fundament(r),baza(r), esas

Turkmen/English Dictionary 89fountain fontan(r)four dörtfourteen össürimfourth dördünjifox tilkifoyer foÿe(r)fracas gopgunfracture gädikfragile döwülgiç, portfragrant ho?boÿfrail portframe karkasframework karkasfrankly aç-açanfreckle sepgilfree azat, bo?, erk, erkana, erkin,halas, ÿönefree of charge mugtfreedom azatlyk, erkinlikfreely aç-açan, erkinfreeze doñaklyk, doñdurmak,jybarlamak, ?atlamakfreezing jybarfreight ÿükfresh terfresh water süÿjifreshness terlikfriday annafried bread pi?me(r)fried corn patrakfriend dost, ÿolda?friend (female to female) jorafriend (male) dostfriendliness mylakatfriendly agzybir, alçakfriends dost-ÿarfriendship agzybirlik, dostluk,ÿaranlykfright aÿylganç, gorkyfrighten ürküzmekfrighten away gypjyndyrmakfrightened gorkulyfrightening gorkuly, gorkunçfrightful elhençfringe seçekfringed seçeklifriskiness ÿyldanlykfrisky dyzmaç, ÿyldanfrivolous kelpeñfrog gurbagafrom -dan, -denfrom birth dogafrom head toes ba?dan-aÿakfrom inside içindenfrom many years ago öñdenfrom now on dagy-duwara,öwrülipfrom start to finish birin-birin,boÿdan-ba?afrom that babatdanfrom the beginning birbadafrom the first ilkibadafrom the start ilkiba?da, ba?danfrom time immemorial ozaldan,öñdenfrom time to time wagtal-wagtalfrom year to year ÿyldan-ÿyla,ÿylyñ-ÿylynafront front(r), öñfrontal mañlaÿfrost añzak, aÿaz, buldurçyn,burjy, gyraw, çisñi, doñaklykfrosty jybarfroth agaran, köpürjiklemekfrown çytmakfrozen doñ, ?atlama, doñanfruit iÿmi?, miwefruit farming miweçilikfruit jellies marmelad(r)fruitful hasyllyfruity miwelifrump gipdenekfrustrated sustupesfrustration opuryly?ykfry çirkizmek, gowurmak,jyzyrdamakfugitive gaçgakfulfilment berjaÿfull dok, hyryn-dykyn, ähli, tükelfull of bolfull of holes de?ikfull(y) dolyfull-blooded etli-ganlyfumble semelemek, sememekfunction funksiÿa(r),ÿagdaÿla?makfund fond(r)fundamental düÿplifunnel guÿguçfunny gülküli, gülkünçfur sütük, possunfurious gaharjan, gaharly, üzñefurniture mebelfurnucle çybanfurrow ke?lemekfurrowed ke?leÿinfurry sütüklifury gahar, gahar-gazap, üzñelikfuse partladyjyfussy talapkärfutile nähakfuture geljekGgab jedirdemek, gygyrmakgaiety meslikgain bähbit, kuwwatlanmak,nebis, eÿelemekgain weight semremekgait ÿöri?galactic galaktika(r)gall ötgallop çapmak, öñürdiklemekgaloshes galo?(r)gape hoñkarmak, öwelmekgarage garaj(r)garbage ÿuwundy, zibilgarden bed atyzgargle çaÿkamak, çyrpmakgarlic sarymsyk, ajygagarrison garnizon(r)gas gazgasoline benzin(r)gasp demikmek, hopukmak,sojamakgassy gazlygate derwezegather çöplemek, ÿygmak,toplanmak, üÿ?ürmek,ÿygnamak, ykjamlamak,düzmek, toplamakgathering ÿygnak, ÿygnany?yk,ÿygym, barly?ykgauge giñlikgay mes, ?agalañly, ?ohgazelle keÿikgear serenjamgeneral ählumumy, serkerde,(military) general(r)generally aslynda, umuman,köplençgeneration nesilgenerous rehimdar, rehimligenius geniÿ(r)genre £anr(r)gentle näzik, tultukgentleness ÿum?aklykgently assagenuine hakyky, tüÿsgenus uruggeographer geograf(r)geographical region etrapgeography geografiÿa(r)geology geologiÿa(r)geometry geometriÿa(r)Georgian gruzin(r)germ mikrob(r)German nemesget a kick out of deprenmekget a little older garra?makget across a?yrmakget angry gahar gelmek,gazaplanmak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 90get better ileri, ganymatla?mak,gowularmak, jyda dü?mek,ÿokmak, ÿoku?makget bound up ?inelemekget cold feet namartlamakget confused çola?makget dark iñrik garalmakget dirty bula?mak, çorlamak,gäzlemek, hapalanmak, kirlemekget done bölü?mekget dusty çañamak, çañjarmakget entangled ?inelemek, çigmekget even with hakla?mak,hasapla?makget fat semretmekget fixed up orna?makget gutsy gaÿratlanmakget hot yssylamakget inflamed tata?makget into sümmekget lost aza?makget mad öjükmekget married (for a manonly) öÿlenmekget mixed up garja?makget moldy heñlemekget news habarla?mak, habartutmakget numb guru?makget on münmekget out aÿrylmakget out of dyndarmak, dynmakget out of here! güm bol!owarra!get packed dykyzlanmakget pleasure gönenmekget ready taÿynalmakget rid of gowzalmak, sabamak,sypmakget sick of bizar bolmakget situated ÿerle?mekget skinny arryklamakget spoiled azmakget started (aboutcooking) atarmakget sunburnt güne ÿanmakget tangled andconfused bula?makget tied up çigmekget tied up in knots çigilmekget tired lejikmekget tough with dazarylmakget up turuzmak, durmakget used to öwreni?mek,uÿgunla?makget wet ezilmekgift pe?e?, zehin, sylaggifted zehinligiggle hikirdi, hikirdemek,hykyrdamak, hykyrdy,pykyrdamak, kikirdemekgiraffe £iraf(r)girdle bilgu?akgirl gelingyz, gyzgirlfriend boÿda?girth semizlikgive äbermek, gowu?makgive a hand to arkala?makgive a turn tow bermekgive an account hasap bermekgive back gaÿtarmakgive birth dogurmakgive birth a goat owlaklamakgive drink çaÿlamakgive someone acold sowuklatmakgive trouble azar bermekgive up ÿitirmek, taslamakgive up hope pyssarmakgive voice to agzamakgive-and-take aldym-berdimligiven goÿulmakgladden begendirmekgladly höwesjeñgladness ÿagtylykglance baky?, göz, nazargland mäzglare mölerilmekglare angrily alarylmakglass çüÿ?e, stakan(r), aÿnaglasses äÿnekglaucoma garasuwglen köwglide typmakglisten balkyldamakglitter balkyldamak, lowurdamak,ülpüldemek, ÿyldyramakglittery ÿyldyrawukglobe globys(r), ÿer ?ary, dünÿägloomy çytyk, tutukglorify ?öhratlanmakglorious ?öhratlyglory ?an, ?an-?öhrat, ?öhratglove ellikglow labyrdamakglue elim, ÿelim, ÿelimlemek,ÿelmemekglutton i?dämen, iÿermengluttony iÿermenlikgnash ykyrdamakgnaw gemirmekgo gitmek, ÿöremek, gitmek,zomamak, barmak, çykmakgo around aÿlanmakgo bad dymjykmak, zaÿalanmak,pislemek, uzanmakgo by foot pyÿadalamakgo crazy däliremekgo for a walk gezelenç etmek,kañkamakgo missing ÿitirim bolmak,ÿitmekgo numb jüm?üldemekgo out incoolness seleñlemekgo somewhere else göçmekgo sour uÿamakgo straight gönülmekgo through ötmekgo together tirke?mekgo trouble over alada etmek,aladalanmakgo up to çemele?mekgo with geli?mekgoat geçigoat wool çöpürgoats dowargoblet kubok(r)God hudaÿGod bless you sabyr etgoing gidi?ingoing out nejatgold altyn, tyllagolden tyllagolly bägood ÿag?y gowy, enaÿy, haryt,idili, oñat, oñly, ugurly, bolÿar,gowulyl, ho?, rowaç, ?owly,ÿaramlygood deed sogapgood event çemgood for nothing kelesañgood golly! baÿ-bowgood looking nuranagood luck ?owgood-natured ÿuka ÿürekgoodness gowulyl, gowylyk,döwletgoods harytlargoose gazgopher alakagore süsmekgossip gybat, gepçi, warsaky,wy?yrdamakgossipper gybatke?gourmet gastronom(r)government döwlet, hökümet,prowlenie(r)grab gysymlamakgrace nepislikgraceful nepisgrade bahagradually dura-bara, durdugyça,gitdigiçe, kem-kemdengraduate student aspirant(r)graft peÿwent etmekgrain digir, galla, dänegram gram(r)grammar grammatika(r)grammatical grammatik(r)grand beÿikgrand piano roÿal(r)grandchild agtykgrandfather ata, babagrandmother enegrant esbapgrape üzümgrape production üzümçilikgrapes(specifically gelinbarmakgraph grafa(r)grass otgrassy area otlukgrate süÿkemek, gyrmak,oÿkamakgrateful minnetdargrating gözenekgratings gyrmançagratis ÿönegratitude minnetdarlykgrave gör, mazargravel çagylgraveyard gonamçylyk, öwülÿägraze animals bakmakgrease ÿag, ÿaglamakgreat beÿik, baÿry, çaslygreat-grandson çowlukgreed açgözlylyk, betnebislik,husytlyk

Turkmen/English Dictionary 91greedy aç göz, betnebis, husyt,gysgançGreek grek(r)green ÿa?yl, gökgreet görü?mek, gar?yldamak,salamla?makgrenade granat(r)grid torgrief hasratvtukatlykgrieve çygylmak, tukatlanmak,ynjatmakgrieved gynançlygrill daglamakgrin gülümjiremek, syrtartmak,ÿyr?armakgrind külkelemek, maÿdalamak,taplamak, oÿkamak, törpülemek,üwemekgrip gysmak, tutmagrits ÿarmagroan hyklamak, nalamakgroats ÿarmagroceries bakaleÿa(r)grocery store bakaleÿa(r)groin gasykgross harsalground meÿdança, toprakgrounds löderegroup tapgyr, topar, toplum,kollektiw(r), kru£ok(r), süri, topgrow köpelmek, gögermek,idetmek, ösdürmek, ösmek,ulalmak, ulaltmakgrow foggy dumanlamak,ümezlemekgrow heavy agralmakgrow in a circle tegelenmekgrow leaves ÿapraklamakgrow morebeautiful ÿag?ylanmak,ÿag?yla?makgrow old garta?makgrow quiet diñmekgrow stale gatamakgrow still kö?e?nekgrow stronger eÿikmekgrow taller beÿgelmekgrow thin horlanmakgrow tired of bizar bolmakgrow up önüp-ösmek, önmekgrow weary ÿadamakgrowl hoñuldamak, hüñürdemek,hüñürdi, hyñranmakgrown gartañgrownup ullakangrowth ösü?grumble hoñuldamak,hüñürdemek, igenmekgrumbling hüñürdi, igenç,igenjeñ, igenjeñlikgrunt horkuldamakguarantee güwä, kepillik, zamun,kepil bolmakguard garawul, gwardiÿn(r)guardian hossarguess çak etmekguest myhmanguest room myhmanhanaguide prowodnik(r), wojatyÿ(r),ÿazlamak, ÿöretmekguild seh(r)guile mekirlikguilty günäli, müÿnli, ÿazyklyguilty one günäkärguilty person sebäpkärguise maska(r)guitar gitargulf aÿlaggullet gyzylödek, ödekgulp owurtgulp down jyñkytmakgun pistolÿet(r)gun-scope didivangun-sight didivangunshot (sound of a) gümpüldigurgle lygyrdy, hokurdamak,lygyrdamakgurgling lakyrdygush jo?mak, zogdyrylmakgushing jo?gunlygusset begeÿikgust tüweleÿ, üflemekgust of wind ÿelgingutter ternawgym bedenterbiegymnastics gimnastika(r)Hhabit endik, öwrendekli, gylyk,urp-adathaggle söwdala?makhail doly, jöwenekhair saç, tüÿhairy tüÿlekhalf ÿarpy, ÿarty, ÿary, ÿarym,pol(r)half asleep oÿaly-ukulyhalf-dead çalajanhall zal(r), koridor(r), saÿpallamakhaloxylon ojarhalter (for a horse) nogtahammer çekiç, çekis, (of afirearm) mä?ehammer in kakmakhand el, gol, eltmekhandful go?awuç, gysym,ÿanawuçhandkerchief elÿaglykhandle tutawaç, ellemek, ellemekhandle bar süÿpenthandless golak, golsuzhandmade hünärmentçilikhandsome kaçañ, nuranahandwriting ÿazmaça, poçerk(r)handy amatlyhang asylmak, ildirmek,sallanmakhang out semekhang up asmakhanging peg asgyçhank (of thread) kelephappen bolmakhappiness eÿgilikhappy ho?bagt, mañlaÿly, monçabolmak, sapaly, ?at, ?oh, (withluck) bagtlyhard gaty, ÿowuz, müçgil, ?atlamahard-fought aldym-berdimliharden bekemek, gatamakhardly çalahardly possible gümanahardness gatylykhardworking i?leññir, janypke?,i?eññir, jepake?hardy dözümliharm ÿamanlyk, zelel, zyÿan,hyÿanat etmek, hyÿanatharmful zelelliharmonious çekimizharmony razylyk, ylaly?ykharness hamyt, hamytlamakharrow mala, malalamak,borona(r)harvest hasyl, ÿygnany?ykharvester kombaÿn(r)haste gyssagarahasten alñasatmakhasty howul-harahat ?lÿapa(r), telpek, ?yrdakhatchway lÿuk(r)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 92hate ÿigrenmekhateful ÿygrenç, ÿigrenjihatred ÿigrençhaughtiness tekepbirlikhaughty tekepbirhave a bite di?lemekhave a cold dümewlemekhave a dream düÿ?görmekhave a dust storm sowurmakhave a little chat gümür-ÿamüretmekhave a party toÿlamakhave a premonition syzmakhave a snack ÿürkese edinmekhave doubts müñkürlenmekhave free time sypynmakhave occasion (to) miÿesserhawk gyrgyhay bede, silos(r)haydust pidehaze dumanhazy gama?ykhe olhead ba?, kelle, naçalinik(r),müdirhead for ÿönelmekhead of the table törhead scarf alyndañyheadquarters ?tab(r)health aman, hal, hal-ahwal,saglykhealthy barda?ly, gurgun, sag,sagat, sagdyn, daÿaw, saggurgunheap topbak, döshear e?itmekhear about diñ salmakhearsay owazaheart ÿürekheartbeat gürsüldihearth ojakheartless birehim, rehimsizhearty ykjamheat çog, gyzmalyk, howur,jöwza, tebit, çoÿmak, gyzgynlyk,gyzy?mak, ÿylatmak, ÿylynmak,çoÿunmak, gyzdyrmak, gyzmak,tuta?dyrmakheat rash tenginheat up ÿylamak, yssylamakheavy agramly, agyr, saldamly,ullakanheavy rain jalahectacre gektar(r)hedgehog kirpiheed ätiÿaçheel ökjehegemony gegemoniÿa(r)heifer tüweheight belentlik, beÿiklik, boÿhelicopter wertolÿot(r)hell dowzahhelmet ?lem(r)help dalda, haraÿ, hemaÿat,ÿardam, kömekle?mek, ÿardametmek, (as an exclamation) datbidat!help find something tapy?makhelp off dü?ürmekhelped by arkalyhelper kömekçihelpful ÿokumly, haÿyrlyhelva halwahem sepgit, jähek, tikmekhemp kenephen mäkiÿanhen coop ketekhenceforth öwrüliphenceforward dagy-duwaraherd sürihere ?u taÿda, ?u ÿerde, bäri,bärik, çendanhere you are inehere! meheritage mirashermitage sergezdançylyk,sergezdanlykhero gero(r), pälwan, gahryman,obrazheroic gahrymanlarçaheroism gahrymançylykherpes demrewherring takgazherself özhesitate sagynmak, säginmek,haÿal-ÿagallyk etmekhesitation irgin, iri?mehetman ba?lykhew ÿylmamakhi salam, äheyhiccup synçgylawukhidden gizlinhide ÿa?yrmak, jaÿlamak,ÿyg?yrmakhide and seek (game) bukullymhide away bukmakhide from gaçalak etmek,açalaklamakhide-and-seek gizlenpeçekhideous gel?iksizhigh and low beÿikli-peslihigh flown epeÿhigh-heeled shoes i?bilhigher ekabyrhighway magistral(r), ?osse(r)hill alañ, baÿyr, söbük, depe,tümmekhimself özhip buthiss jazyrdy, ?uwwuldy, ?yglamak,jazyrdamakhistorian taryhçyhistorical taryhyhistory taryhhit patlamakhoarse garja?ykhobble keÿtiklemek, kösseklemekhockey hokkeÿ(r)hoe kätmen, kätmenlemekhold eklemek, tutmakhold back(something) jylawlamakhold fast to ÿapy?makhold in hand ideklemekhold up eglemekhole çarkandak, çukanak, çukur,çukurlyk, de?ik, hinholler azgyrylmakhollow köw, pürsvçöketlik, puçholy mukaddeshome öÿ, ÿatakhanahomemaker öÿ hojalykçyhomogeneous hili-bir hilihone gaÿramakhonest akgöwünli, dogruçyl,kemally, wepalyhonestly wallahonesty päklikhoney balhonk ?uwlamak, tarlamakhonor hormat, hormatlamak,sylaghonored hormatlyhoof syñral, toÿnakhook çeññek, gañrak, ili?mek,iltemek, gañyrçakhook onto tirkemekhook the catch kiltlemekhoop gur?awhoot ?uwlamak, tarlamakhop çapmakhope tama, umyt, arkalanmak,tama etmek, umyt etmekhope chest sandykhopeless gutulgysyz, çykgynsyzhorizontal gorizontal(r), kesehorizontally keseleÿin,keseliginehorn (of an animal) ?ahhorned ?ahlyhornless (without horns) kelekhorror aÿylgançhorse at, gylÿal, konki(r), ÿabyhorse jockey seÿishorse race at capysykhorse's bit agyzzyrykhorse-cloth Julyhorsecloth palan(r)horseshoe nalhose ?lang(r)hosiery trikota£(r)hospitable myhmansöÿerhospital gospital(r), keselhanahospitality hezzet,myhmansöÿerlikhost hojaÿyn, hyzmat etmekhostel ÿatakhanahot gyzgyn, jokrama, yssy, ajyhot to trot dyzmaçhot-house teplisa(r)hot-tempered gyzmahotel myhmanhanahound tazy, köpekhour sagathour's worth sagatlykhouse öÿ, jaÿla?dyrmak, tamhousehold ma?galahousekeeper hojalykçyhow much? näçe, nädenhow? nähili, nätüÿslihowl hazlamak, uwlamak,zörletmekhubbub ?owhunhuge ägirt, mähnet, äpethum güwwüldemek, hyzlamakhuman ynsanhumanity adamzat, ynsanyÿethumble türkana

Turkmen/English Dictionary 93humid dymyk, nemli, yzgarlyhumidity çyglykhumiliate kemsitmekhumility ÿuwa?lykhumorous gülküli, gülkünçhump örküç, örküçhumus çüÿrüntgihunch küÿkertmekhunchbacked küÿkihunched bürkürHungary wengr(r)hunger ajykmakhunk kerçhunt aw, awamak, awlamak,awatmak, awu?amakhunter awçy, yrdarhurl pyzmakhurricane harasathurried alñasan, gyssagly,howul-harahurry eñmek, gyssagara,howlykmak, alñasamak,gyssamakhurry about gaÿmala?makhurry someoneup howlukdyrmakhurry up haÿdatmak, howlukmakhurt öÿkeli, agyrmak, agyrtmakhusband ärhusband's sister bajyhut çatma, kümehutzpah gaÿrathybrid gibrid(r)hydrogen wodorod(r)hygiene gigiena(r)hymn gimn(r)hypnotizer gözbagçyhypocrisy jögülikhypocritical jögiII menI see! ähäI think... meniñçeice buzice-cream doñdurma, moro£ny(r)ice-crusted sürçekidea ideÿa(r), oÿ, pikirideal ideal(r)identical bir menzes, birmeñze?identity ?ahs, ?ahsyÿetideological ideologik(r)ideology ideologiÿa(r)idiom idioma(r)idiomatic idiomatik(r)idle bikär, çaman, peÿwagtna,ÿaltaidleness ÿaltalykif eger (de), ka?gäif not bolmasaignorance çalasowatlyk, jahyllyk,nadanlyk, nätany?lykignorant gapyl, jahyl, nadan,çalasowatill agyry, aza, dert, keselli,syrkaw, hassa, näsagill person syrkawill-bred kakaba?ill-informed gapylill-mannered kakaba?illegal kanunsyz, gizlinilliteracy sowatsyzlykilliterate sowatsyzillness emgek, hassalyk, kesel,näho?lyk, näsaglyk, syrkawlykilluminate ?öhlelendirmek,ÿagtyltmakillustrated suratyillustration illÿustrasiÿa(r)illustrative illÿustratiw(r)imaginary hyÿally, fantastika(r)imagination fantaziÿa(r)imbue tümmeklemekimitate öÿkünmekimitation ÿasamaimmeasurable çaksyz, çensizimmediate at hand nobatdaky,nobatkyimmediately bada-bat, zöwwe,gömelteÿ, badynaimmense çaksyz, çensizimmerse çümdürmekimmortal ölmez-ÿitmezimmortalize ebedile?dirmekimp haramzadaimpassioned gyzykmakimpatient çydamsyzimperative hökmanimperceptibly ogrynçaimperialism imperializm(r)imperialistic imperialistik(r)imply diÿmek2impolite edepsizimpoliteness edepsizlikimport import(r), importirlemek(r)import/export duty gümrükimportance ähmiÿetimportant dahylly, möhüm,wajyp, bajyp, derwaÿysimpoverish gedaÿla?makimpress täsir galdyrmakimpression täsirimpressionable duÿgurimpressive täsirliimprison türmä basmak, türmäbasmakimprove gowulandyrmak,gowylandyrmak, kämille?dirmek,ÿag?ylandyrmakimprove oneself kämille?mekimproved guratimprovement guratlykin içindein a big way gerimin a day güna?ain a grand style gerimin a short time möhletin a word mahlasyin addition üste, üstesinein addition to ondan hem ba?ga,da?yndanin agreement with razyin conformity with laÿyklyk-dain disagreement jetin earnest çynlakaÿin front of öñündein full supply üpjünin general garazin good spirts ?ähdaçykin great detail jikme-jikin my opinion... meniñçein one's way peÿwagtnain order ugrukdyrmakin pairs ikibirin place of ÿerinein relation to degi?liin short mahlasyin the beginning ba?dain the front ilerik, ilerlegini, öñin the future öwrülipin the past öñin the pre-dawn aladandanin the summer tomsmain truth dogrusy, hakykatdanin turns gezegine, gezekgeziginein your style seniñçein-law gaÿyninaccessible elÿeterinappropriate ÿerliksizincapable bigaÿratincendiary tuta?dyryjyincessant ÿoknasyzincessantly tükeniksizincidental gidi?iniincision kertikincline ÿapgyt, yrmakincoherence keçjelikincome gipdejiinconvenient çemesizincorrect ters, nädogry

Turkmen/English Dictionary 94increase artdyrma, artmak,bulukmak, köpelmek, köpeltmek,ulaltmakincredibly judaincubation inkubasion(r),inkubasiÿa(r)incubator inkubator(r)inculcate orna?dyrmakindebted to karzynaindecent haÿasyzindefatiguable galadawindent gaÿ?artmakindependence gara?syzlyk,özba?daklyk, özba?daklykindependent gara?syz, özba?dakindestructible, sarsmazindex görkeziji, indeks(r)Indian style aÿbogda?indicator görkezgiçindifference biperwaÿlyk,perhaÿlykindifferent biparh, biperwaÿ,parhsyz, perbaÿsyzindividual JanuaryIndonesian indoneziÿaly(r)industrial industrial(r)industrialize industriala?dyrmak(r)industrious janypke?industry industriÿa(r), senagatineffective netijesizinefficient ÿeti?iksizinept nalajedeÿininept person tamakininequality deñsizlikinescapable alaçsyzinevitability alaçsyzlykinexpensive arzaninexperienced jahylinfection infeksiÿa(r)infectious ÿokanç, ÿokançlyinfidel kapyrinflame tata?makinflammation çisme, çi?meinflate gübermek, çismek,çi?irmek, pökretmek, çismekinflated ?emallamak, ?emallatmakinflection infleksiÿon(r)inflict harm zarbykdyrmakinfluence täsir, täsir etmekinfluential täsirliinform ?ugullamak, habar etmek,duÿdurmak, idemekinformal good-bye ho?information informasiÿa(r),informasiÿon(r), izwe?eniÿe,derekinformative manyly, derekliingratiate ÿalym-ÿulumetmekinhabited area mekaninherit miras almakinheritance mirasinitial ilkinji, ilkiinitially bada, ilkibada, ilkiba?dainitiative inisiatiwa(r)injection ukol(r)injure kesdirmekinjuries öÿke-kineinjury öÿkeinjustice adalatsyzlykink syÿaink cartrige sterzhen(r)inlay ga?lamakinlayed stones ga?inlet bogazinner region içeriinnocence bigünälik, ÿazyksyzlykinnocent bigünä, ÿazyksyz,günäsizinnovation täzelikçilikinnovator täzelikçiinnumerable egsilmezinoculate peÿwent etmekinquire çintgemek, hötde gelmek,çaramakinquire about eÿgermekinsect möjekinsects mör-möjekinsecure aljyraññy, müñkürinsensibly ogrynçainsert sokmakinside iç, içeri, içinde, çöwreinsides içerik, içerkiinsignificant ujypsyzinspect esetmekinspection inspeksiÿa(r)inspector inspektor(r)inspiration ruhubelentlik, ylhaminspire gunu?mak, ruhlandyrmak,ganatlandyrmakinspired ruhubelentinstallation montaA(r)instant lampa, maÿinstantaneous ÿalpainstead of deregineinstitute institut(r)institution edarainstruct öwretmekinstruction instruksiÿa(r), tälim,wagyz-nesihatinstructor instruktor(r)instrument gural, esbapinstruments abzallarinsufficient ÿetmezçilikinsulate çetle?dirmekinsulated çetle?mekinsult kine, nadyllykinsurance strahowanie(r)intact abat, sazlamak, sazintactness abatlykintegral integral(r)integrated plant kombinat(r)integrity ar-namysintellectual akyldarintelligenceofficer razwedkaçy(r)intelligent intelligent(r)intend hyÿallanmak, niÿetlemekintended for üçinintense gyzgalañly, dartgynly,gyzgynintensify gyzdyrmak, güÿjemekintensity gyzgynlykintention hyÿal, niÿet, päl, pygylintercept gabatlamakinterchange çal?ykintercity ?äherarainterest höwes, meÿil, höwes,gyzyklandyrmakinteresting gyzykly, hezil, täsirliintermediary araçyinternational halkara,intenasional(r)interrogation soraginterrupt kesmekintersect kesi?mekinterval ara, interwal(r), aralykintervention interwensiÿa(r)interview interwÿu(r)intestine içege, içintimacy ÿürekde?likintimate ÿürekde?intolerant çydamsyzintonation intonasiÿa(r)intrepid gaÿduwsyzintroduce tanalmak, tany?dyrmakintroduction giri?, sözinvade zabt etmekinvalid inwalid(r), maÿypinvent oÿlap tapmak, tostoslamakinventor inwentor(r), oÿlap tapyjyinventory uçÿot(r)investigative ideg-soraginvestment goÿuminvincible ÿeñilmezinvitation çagary?, çakylykinvite çagarmak, çagyrmakinvoluntarily bialaçinvoluntary biygtyÿarIrish irlandiÿalyiron ütüklemek(r), demir, (forclothing) ütük(r)ironic kinaÿalyironical kinaÿalyirony kinaÿairreplacable tapylgysyzirreproachable birkemsiz,kemsizirrigate joÿalmakirrigation ditch joÿairritate gyjynmakisland adaisolate çetle?dirmekisolation izolÿasion(r),izolÿasiÿa(r)isolator izolÿator(r)issuance ne?irit olit can be megerItalian italÿanitch giji, gikilewikitch oneself süÿkenmek

Turkmen/English Dictionary 95Jjustice adalatlylyk, ynsapjuvenile kiçi, ÿetginjekKivy çyrma?ykjab çommaltmakjabber jedirdemekjack ?tepsel(r)jackal ?agaljackdaw zakyjajacket jilt, penjekjam/jelly mürepbejam in dykmakjangles düwmeJapan ÿaponiÿaJapanese ÿaponjar banka(r)jealous gabanjañjealousy görübilmezçilikjeer syrtartmakjeren jerenjester masgarabazjeweler zergärjingle ?yññyrdy, ?añlamak,?aññyrdamak, ?yññyrdamak,tiññirdemek, tiññirdetmek,tiññirdi, düññürdemekjog gezerjoin baglamak, sepi?mek,seplemekjoined baglaÿjyjoint baglany?yk, sepgit, tikinjoke degi?mekjoke around bälçire?mekjoker degi?gen, wä?ijokingly wä?ijolt or shake siltemekjournal £urnal(r)journalist £urnalist(r)journey syÿahat, sapar, syÿahatjoy begenç, ?atlyk, ÿagtylykjoyful ho?wagt, ?at, ?atlykly,?üweleñjoyfully ?üweleñlijubilee ÿubileÿ(r)judge sudÿajug küÿzejuggler £onglÿor(r)juggling £onglÿorlyk(r)juice ?ireJuly iÿuljump bökmek, towusmakjump out zomp edip çykakjumpy göçgünlijunction uzel(r)June iÿunjungle jeññeljunk köne-kü?üljury £ÿori(r)just halal, hut, la, adalatly,ynsaplyjust as dessine, mislijust like ?eÿle, tüÿsjust now ÿañyjajust so keÿpinejust the opposite gaÿtaKazahk Gazak, kazakkebob kebapkebob restaurant kebaphanakeenness eserdeñlikkeep tutmak, saklamakkeep at a distance gaça durmakkeep house eÿelik etmekkeep quiet jyñkyny çykarmazlkkeep a secret lak bolmakkerosene nebitkey açar, çe?mekick depmekkid çebiskidney böwrek, pyntykkidney beans noÿbakids çaga-çugakill gyrmak, öldürmek, gyrylmakkilogram kilogram(r)kilometer kilometr(r)kin asylkind paty?a, sort(r)kindergarden çagalar bagykindergarten primer harplykking ?akiosk kiosk(r)Kirghiz gyryzkisel kiselkiss öpü?, og?amak, öpmek,öpmekkiss each other öpüçmek,og?a?makkitchen kuhnÿaknapsack go?torbaknead mynçgamak, ÿuwgurmak,eÿlemekknee dyz, tirsekkneecap çanakkneel çökermek, çöke dü?mekknife pyçak, pyçaklamakknit örmek, i?mek, örmekknit the browns çytmakknock ?arkyldy, tyrkyldy,çakny?mak, ?arkyldamak,tarkyldamak, tarkyldatmak,tarsuldamak, taÿaklamak,tykyrdatmak, tyrkyldamak,tyrkyldatmak, tykyrdamak,kakmakknock down ÿykmakknocking tarkyldyknoll depeknot syrma, çitim, düwmekknow bilmekknow deeply ele almakknow somebody tanamakknow-how ussatlykknow-nothing ählepusknowledgeable dü?ünjeli, bilimliknowledge añ-bilim, bilim, ylymknown mälim, tany?known person tany?Kremlin kreml(r)kurd kürt

Turkmen/English Dictionary 96Llabor zähmetlaboratory laboratoriÿa(r)laboratory worker laborant(r)lace bagjyk, bag, köjemeklacerate tüÿt-müÿt etmeklack kemlik, köstlacquer lak(r), laklamaklactate ÿelin gozgamakladder merdiwanladel güÿgüçladle çolpy, susaklair sürenlake köllamb guzy, toklylame agsaklament ahmyr etmek, ahmyr,çygyrmaklamp çyra, lampa(r)land ÿurt, ülke, ÿer, tarap, toprak,gonmakland a plane gondyrmak,pessaÿlamaklandmark çelgilandscape landshaft(r), peÿa(r)language dillank takyrlap eteklarge çi?ik, eslilarynx kekirdeklashes pazyllast ahyrky, ahyryn, öten,gutarnykly, soñkylastest terlatch onto tirkemeklate giç, giçkilate afternoon ikindinlater soñ, soñralatest täzelathe tokar(r)latitude (geographical) giñliklattice gözeneklaugh hykyrdy, gülmek,jakyrdamak, jykyrdamak, (oflarge groups) gülü?mek, (loudly)pakyrdamaklaughing stock oÿnatgylaughter gülki, jakyrdylaunch katerlavish adyl, jomartlavishness jomartlyklaw kanun, wesÿetlawless bikanun, kanunsyzlawlessness kanunsyzlyklawyer aklawçylay pollamak, ÿerle?dirmeklay down ÿazmaklay down arms ÿaragsyzlanmaklay eggs ÿumurtgalamaklayer gat, gatlak, topar, ÿokundylayered gatlaklylaziness ÿaltalyklazy çaman, ezenek, ÿaltanmak,ÿaltalazybones bihepbelead ÿazlamak, rejelemek,timarlamak, alynlead (metal) gur?unleader serdar, ÿolba?çyleadership ÿolba?çylykleaf ÿaprakleak syrykmak, dökmeklean ÿanamak, hor, gy?armak,söÿemek, ÿaplamaklean against ÿaplanmaklean on one'selbows ÿassanmaklean over abanmakleanse saplamakleap towusmak, pyñkyrmak,señkildemekleap off indermeklearn öwrenmek, öwrenmeklearning tälim, taglymatleash örk, örklemekleather gaÿy?, gön, deri, teletinleather bag sanaçleave çykmakleave behind öñürtmekleaven gor, maÿaleavening hamyrmaÿa,hamyrtur?ylecture pentledge kertleech sülükleeward ÿele, ykleft çepleft side çepleft-behind galakleft-handed person çepbekeÿleft-over galakleftovers galak-galçakleg aÿakleg-wrappings dolaklegal kanunylegality kanunlylyk, kanunylyklegalize resmile?dirmek,kanunla?dyrmaklegend rowaÿatleggy aÿaklylegibility çümhörekliklegible çümhöreklegitimacy kanunlylyk, kanunylyklegitimate kanunylegitimize kanunla?dyrmakleguminous kösüklilength dowan, uzaklyk, uzynlyklengthen uzaltmaklengthy dowanlyLeo (zodiac sign) ?irlessen azalmaklesson sapaklet down myssarmaklet escape sypdyrmaklet fall gaçyrmaklet go sypdyrmak, goÿbermeklet in girizmek, hekgermeklet loose gaçyrmakletter hat, hatlevel tekje, endiganlamakliar aldawçy, ÿalançylibel myjabatliberal jomartliberalness jomartlyklibrary kitaphanalicense ygtyÿar, ?aÿatnamalick one's lips tam?anmaklickspittle ÿaranjañlid pokry?ka(r)lie çypdyrma, aldaw, aldamak,çä?ermeklie down uzanmak, ÿatmaklife durmu?, güzeran, ömür, ömür,ÿa?aÿy?, January, mydarlife-long companion hemralifeless jansyzlifelong ömürliklifting kötellight ÿagtylyk, ÿeñil, ÿylpyldy, y?yk,röw?enlight/sky blue mawylightbulb lampoçka(r)lighten ÿeñletmeklighter ÿeñlemek, ÿeñle?meklightheartedness wä?iliklightly dressed çyplak, çyplañlightning ÿyldyrymlightning strike ÿyldyrymçakmaklightwited ÿeñilkellelike kimin, misli, ÿaly, tüÿsli, ?ekilli,gowy görmek, halamak, pisintoturmak, ÿaramaklike (one another) hala?maklike a seizure kakynlylike that ?eÿle, hollike-minded pikerde?liken meñzetmetlikeness meñzeçliklimb çlen(r)lime heklimit hetlimitless çäksizlimp agsamakline çyzyk, setir, trassa(r), hatarline up setilemklinen polotno(r)linger haÿal-ÿagallyk etmek,täsgenmek, ykmaklining ÿagyrniçliklion arslan, ÿolbarslip dodakliquid ÿuwan, suwuk, suwuklykliquify zaÿleeklist tablisa, ugurlisten diñlemek, diñleÿmeklisten attentively gulak asmak,gulak salmaklisten to diñ?irgemeklistener diñleÿjiliteracy sowatliteral harma-harpliterary edebiliterate sowatly, sowatlyliterature edebiÿatlitter zibillittle az, ownuk, u?aklittle bells düwmelittle book depderçelittle brother inilittle bunny çeb?eklittle by little az-azdan, gitdigiçe

Turkmen/English Dictionary 97little cakes piro£ny(r)little children oglan-uçaklittle cup pyÿalu?kalittle dictionary sözlükliklittle finger külembibilittle knot düwünçeklittle rascal bezzatlittle slice gyñaklive ÿa?amaklive coals közlively janlyliver bagyrlivestock mal, dowarlivestock breeding maldarçylykliving ÿa?aÿy?living quarters mesgenlizard as, ha££uk, kelpeze,suwulganload ÿük, zarÿadlamak, oklamakload up ÿüklemekloaded ÿükliloader ÿükçiloading zarÿadka(r)loaf around ykmakloam laÿ, toÿunloamy toÿunsowloan zaÿom(r)lobby foÿe(r)local orunly, oturymly, ÿerlilocated ÿerle?meklocation esgerliklock gulp, gulplamak, petilemeklocust çekirtgelog nawloiter kañkamaklone ÿekeloneliness aÿralyklong ösgün, uzyn, tukatlanmak,uzaklong ago birçak, häli, köpdenlong for çygylmak, ymtylmaklong-distance ?äheraralong-lasting pugtalongitude uzynlyk, uzaklyklook görnü?, kysym, nazar, ke?p,garaÿy?, köw salmaklook after seretmeklook around garanjaklamaklook at esetmek, äñetmek,seretmeklook for eklemek, agtarmak,selpemeklook for someone indemeklook like meñzemeklook over añkarmak, äñetmekloom stanok(r), hellewlemekloop halka, petle(r)loose ÿum?akloosen çözmek, ÿum?amaklooseness ÿum?aklyklose basylmak, utdurmak,ÿitirmeklose a game ÿeñilmek, utulmaklose energy ysgynsyzlanmaklose weight iglemekloss ÿitgi, yrÿalot bije, ülü?, täleÿlottery lotereÿa(r)loud çasly, ?owhunlylove mähir, söÿgi, y?k, söÿmeklove of work jepake?lik, i?jeñliklove one another söÿü?meklover of the wild hyrdarlover of work i?jeñlow çöket, çör, peslow-life a?akylower çöket, a?aklamak,myssarmak, sallamak,ÿazdyrmaklower jaw äñlowering eña?aklowlands çöketlikluck bagtlucky mañlaÿly, ho?bagtlull huwwalamak, hü££ermek,hüwdülemeklullaby hüwdilump kesek, lokga, döwümlunch günortanlyk naharlung öÿken, öÿkenlungs bagyr-öÿkenlurch çaÿkanmaklustre lowurdy, ÿalpyldylye a?garMma'am daÿzamachete çalgymachine ma?inka(r), ma?ynmachine gun pulemÿot(r)machinery) köneltmekmachinist ma?inist(r)machmaker sawçymad guduz, telbemade of edilenmagazine £urnal(r)magic jadymagician jadygöÿmagnet magnit(r)magnify ulalmakmagpie alahekikmail poçtamailman poçtalon(r)mainland materikmaintenance mazmun, saklaÿy?majestic belentmajor maÿor(r)make marka(r), ÿasamak, hars,etmekmake a bed gowlamakmake a bet jedel etmekmake a call jyññyrdatmakmake a case delillendirmekmake a fist ÿumruklamakmake a fuss izzildemekmake a hole de?mekmake a hole in köwmekmake a noise gyk-bak etmek,?agyrdamak, ?aggyldamakmake a pact wadala?makmake a place home ÿerlemekmake a speech çyky?etmekmake a stop duruzmak,dü?lemekmake a tool abzalla?dyrmakmake a trade söwda etmekmake accurate sazlamakmake acquaintance tany?makmake an abstractof kospektirlemek(r)make an agreement razyla?makmake an effort emgemekmake an incision kertmekmake an indistinctnoise dükürdemekmake an offer teklip etmekmake angry gaharjandyrmak,gazaplandyrmakmake at home jaÿla?dyrmakmake beautiful owadanlamakmake better gowulandyrmak,gowula?makmake black garaltmakmake bulging ÿepbe?dirmekmake clear subut etmek,anyklamak, aÿdyñla?dyrmakmake deeper çukuralmak,çuñalmak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 98make dry kakatmakmake even deñlemekmake fine irlemekmake glassy aÿnalamakmake haste alñasamakmake hay siloslamakmake hooked gañrylamakmake it to gowu?makmake in time ÿeti?mekmake known bellenmek,bildirmekmake larger ulaltmakmake laugh güldürmekmake merry bälçiremekmake morefrequent ÿygjamlatmakmake more profuse çukuralmakmake muddy palçykyldamakmake noise gykylyklamak,wagyrdamakmake old garratmakmake oneselfuseful peÿdalanmakmake a sign belgilemekmake peaceful parahatlanmakmake smaller u?atmakmake someonecontent kanagatlandyrmakmake someonewait gara?dyrmakmake someone work i?letmekmake someoneinsecure aljyratmakmake somethingbetter oñatlandyrmakmake somethingcrumble owratmakmake somethingdrip sarkyrmakmake somethingrhyme kapyÿala?dyrmakmakespecific konkretle?dirmek(r)make stand turuzmakmake still durlamak,arkaÿynlamakmake thin inçeltmekmake up ylala?mak, ÿara?makmake up one's mind kararagelmekmake use of haÿyrlanmakmake weak gow?atmakmake well abadanla?dyrmakmake yellow saralmakmake-up grim(r), kosmetika(r),düzümmalaria gyzzyrma, ysytmamale nurse sanitar(r)malevolent betniet, betpälmalfunction kelleba?aÿakmalice hyÿanatmalicious gyñyr, hyrsyzmallet tokmakman erkek, adamman of letters edebiÿatçymanage oñarmak, beÿemçiliketmek, dolandyrmak, edaraetmekmanagement dolandyrys,uprawleniÿe(r), prowlenie(r)manager beÿemçi,uprawleniÿaÿu ?i£(r), müdirmandarin mandarinmandatory hökmanmaneuver manÿowr(r)manger ÿasli(r)mangle typançan, taÿgançakmangy kel, goturmanly mertmanner edähet, usul, tärmanure dökünmanuscript golÿazmamany ençeme, köpmany-floored gatbar-gatbarmap kartaMarch mart(r)march ÿörü?, ädimlemekmarching nyzammare baÿtalmark häsiÿetlendirmek, alamat,baha, ny?an, teÿdar, habar,ny?anamarketable ÿörgünlimarking teÿdarmarksman mergenmarksmanship mergenlikmarriage nikamarried (of a girl) durmu?açykanmarried couple är-aÿalmarry nikala?makmarry (of a girl) durmu?açykmakmarsh süÿge?iklikmarshall marçal(r)marshy (adj.) süÿge?ikmartial law harby ÿagdaÿmartyr ejir, ezÿetmarvel gudratmarvelous täsinmarxism marksizm(r)marxism-leninism marksizmleninizm(r)marxist marksistik(r)mask maska(r)masquerade maskarad(r)mass köpçülik, massa(r), jisim,töpmass death gyrgynmass meeting miting(r)massage massaA(r), owkalamakmast bogaldakmaster senetçi, senetçilik, ussa,ÿasaÿjy, halypa, hojaÿyn, ussat,özle?dirmek, türgenle?mekmastery çeperçilik, çeperlik,ussaçylyk, ussatlykmatch otluçöp, kükürt, döwmatchmaker sawçylarmaterial maddy, material(r),materiÿa(r)materialism materializm(r)materialistic materialistik(r)math tangens(r)mathematical matematiki(r)mathematics matematika(r)matt öçügsimatted öçgünmatter i?, jisim, madda,materiÿa(r), i?mattress dü?ekçemature önmekmaturity ÿet?enlikmausoleum mawzoleÿ(r)may mümkinMay maÿmay peace be uponyou salawmaleÿkimmayor häkimme men, lälezar, lälezarlyk,çemenmeal bi?-du?, çaÿ-çörek, naharmean ÿakymsyz, diÿmek2,niÿetlemekmean-spirited gaharlymeaning ähmiÿet, manymeaningless batnyksyz,bolgusyzmeans eklenç, seri?de, tärmeanwhile häzirlikçemeasure çak, ölçeg, çen,ölçemek, ölçemekmeasurement ölçeÿi?meat etmeatpie somsa(r)meaty etlimechanic mehanik(r), ma?inist(r)mechanical drawing çertÿor(r)mechanics mahanika(r)mechanism mehanizm(r)mechanization mehanizasiÿa(r)mechanize mehanizmleçdirmek(r)medal medal(r), £eton(r)medical assistant feldsher(r)medicine derman, em,medisina(r)meditate on diñir genmekmeekness ÿuwa?lykmeet görü?mek, gar?yldamak,uçramak, du?gelmek, du?mak,du?u?mak, tany?mak, görmek,gar?y, tany?bolmakmeet someone sata?mak,ÿolukmakmeeting du?u?yk, oturyly?yk,barly?ykmelancholy tukatlykmelodiousness labyzmelody labyz, mukam, heñmelon gawunmelonfield bakjamelt eremekmember agza, çlen(r)membership çlenlikmembrane perdememorial ceremony aÿatmemory hakyda, hu?, ÿadygärmenace haÿbatmend düz etmek, ÿamamakmental ruhymention someoneelse agzamakmenu menÿu(r)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 99meow mawlamakmercantilism nebisjeñlik,nebsewürlikmerchant söwdager, söwdagarmerciful geçirimlimercury simapmeridian meridian(r)merit hyzmat, mertebemerlin gyrgymerrily ?ähdaçyk, ?üweleñlimerriment ?adyÿanlyk, ?agalañmerry bälçik, sapaly, ?adyÿan,?üweleñ, ho?wagt, mes,?agalañly, ?ohmessage tab?yryk, maglumat,sargytmetal metal(r)metallurgy metallurgiÿa(r)meter metr(r)method metod(r), tär, usulmethodical metodik(r)methodist (one who is skilled inmethodologies) metodist(r)methods metodika(r)microbe mikrob(r)microphone mikrofon(r)microscope mikroscop(r)middle ara, orta, ortaky, ortanjymiddle-sized aralykmidnight ÿary gijemight kuwwatmighty äpetmild tultuk, myssykmilitancy söwe?lykmilitant söwe?jenmilitarize harbyla?dyrmakmilitary harbymilitary service go?unçylykmilitia milisiÿa(r)milk süÿt, süÿt, sagmakmilkmaid sagymçymilky süÿtlimill degirmen, harazmillet darymillimeter millimetr(r)million million(r)mimic öÿkünmekmince eljiremekmind akyl, añ, kelle, ÿürek, ÿatmine ?ahta(r)miner ?ahtaçy(r), ?ahtÿor(r)mineral mineral(r)minister ministr(r)ministry ministrlik(r)mint narpyz, çekankalamak,çyrpmakminty narpyzlyminus sign minus(r)minute minut(r), külke, maÿdaminutely jikme-jikmiracle gudratmirage sagym, salgymmirror aÿnamischief betlikmisconstrue ÿoÿmakmiser gysgançmiserly gysgançmisfortune betbagtlykmisinformed bihabarmispronounce pelteklemekmispronunciation peltekmiss myçmak, sypdyrmak, ÿürekgysmakmiss someone intizar bolmakmissed sowamission tab?yryk, missiÿa(r)missle snaÿardmist çigrek, dumanmistake ÿalñy?mistaken telekmisty dumanlymix bulamak, gary?dyrmak,gatmakmix in gary?dyrmakmix up ÿalñy?dyrmak,bula?dyrmakmix with garmakmixed gary?ykmixed up duk, çola?makmoan hyklamak, nala, nalamak,iñlemek, izzildemekmob üÿ?meleñmobile göçmemobilization mobilizasiÿa(r)mobilize mobilizlemek(r)model göredeli, model(r),marka(r)moderate maÿdalmoderately arammodern häzirki, täzemodest kiçigöwünlimodification üÿtge?iklikmodify üÿtgetmekmoist çygly, çygly, çig, nemli,?alpy-?arañmoisten ezmek, ezilmekmoistness çyglykmoisture çyg, nem, yzgar, zeÿmoisturize zaÿleekmolasses to?apMoldovan moldowanmole täçmolecular molekulÿarmolecule molekulamoment lampa, maÿ, pursatmomentarily ?apbamomentary ÿalpa, minutlyk(r)Monday du?enbemoney pulMongol mongolmonkey maÿmynmonotonous birhilimonster gorkunçmonstrous person ganhormonth aÿmonthly aÿlykmonument monument(r),ÿadygärlikmonumental monumental(r)moo molamakmood tap, ?ähtmoon aÿ, aÿdyñmoonlit aÿdyñmoral moral(r), ahlakmorality moral(r)morals moral(r)morbidity ÿarawsyzlykmore than gowrakmorning ertir, irdenmorsel tikemortar minomÿot(r)Moslem musulmanmosque metjitmosquito aÿakçy, çirkeÿ, çybynmost iñmost of the time galapynmoth güe, çirkeÿmother ejemotherhood ejelikmother tongue ene dilimotor motor(r), dwigatel(r)motorcyle motosikl(r)motorized waterpump skwazhina(r)motorship teplohod(r)mount münmekmountain dagmountain passage ötelgesimountain-dweller daglymourn gam cekmek, zarynlamakmournful zaryn, naly?lymouse syçan, syçanmoustache murtmoustached murtlymouth agyzmouth harp gopuzmouthful atagzymove göç, tigirlenmek,togalanmak, yrgyldamak,butnamak, göçmek, hereketetmek, herketlendirmek,süÿ?mek, süÿü?mekmove oneself gozganmakmove something gozgamakmove something göçürmek,süÿ?ürmekmove away from uzakla?makmove backward gaÿralmakmove forward ilerlemek,süÿü?mekmovement gatnaw, hereket,gadammuch kän, köp, ulymucus nemmud kir, palçyk, batga, çor,çyr?ak, hapa, lüÿkmuddle ÿalñy?dyrmakmuddy kirlimulberry tutmule gatyrmule saddle gaññamull over ikirjinlemekmullah mollamulti-colored reñbe-reñ, (2colors) ala, (3 or more colors)alabedermultilateral köptaraplymultiply artdyrma, köpeltmekmumble samramak, sarnamakmumblings samyrdymunicipal kommunal(r)Murat gezdirmekmurderer ganhor

Turkmen/English Dictionary 100murmur ?illirdi, hümürdemek,?illirdemek, ?irrildemek, ?yrlamakmuseum muzeÿ(r)mushroom kömelekmusic sazmusic bow kemençemusical sazly, sazmusician sazanda, sazandarMuslim musulmanmustard gorçitsa(r)musucianship sanandarlykmute sessiz, lalmuteness lallykmutilation ?ikesmutineer gozgalañçymutiny pitne, topalañmutter hümürdemek, samramak,sarnamakmutterings samyrdymutual özaramutual aid arkala?ykmutual respect syla?ykmuzzle tum?ukmyself özümmysterious syrly, syrlymystery syr, syr, tilsimNnail çüÿ, çüÿlemek, (metal) myh,(finger or toe) dyrnaknaive mönnaked ÿalanaçname atlandyrmaknamed after adyñdakynamely atlaÿyn, atlynamesake atda?nana enekenapkin salfetka(r)narrow atÿuzli, darnasty nejisnation millet, halk, ÿurtnational millinationality halkylyk, halkyÿet,osetin, raÿat, milletnationwide ählihalk, umumyhalknative süÿtde?natural tebigy, kanunynaturalist naturalist(r)naturally formed bakja oÿtaknature tabigatnaught nol(r)near duldeg?ir, ÿakyn, golaÿnearly tasneat rejelinecessary derkar, gerek, gerekli,zerur, hökman, möhümnecessity hökmanyneck boÿunnecklace monjuknecktie galstuk(r)need hajat, zerurlyk, hal-ahwal,mätäç bolmak, (dire need)mätäçlikneeded gerek, gereklineedle iññe, iññeneedy mätäçnegative otrisatelneglect äsgermezçilik,äsgermezlik, harlamaknegotiate wadala?maknegotiated geple?iknegotiation(s) geple?iklernegotiations geple?ikneigh ki?ñemekneighbor goñ?y, goñ?y-golanneighborhood töwerekneighboring goñ?yneighborly duldeg?irnephew ÿegennerve nerw(r), damarnest höwürtge, höwürtge, öÿjüknet setka(r), torneutral bitarapneutrality bitaraplyknew täzenew thing täzeliknewlyweds çatynja = täzeçatynjanewness täzeliknews habar, hat-habar, täzeliknewspaper gazet(r)next golaÿ, indiki, nobatdaky,nobatky, indi, höwürtgelemeknext time indikilenibble gemirmeknice görkana, görmegoÿ,ÿakymly, gözel, mylaÿymnickel ?aÿylyk, ?aÿynickname lakamniece ÿegen, ÿegençinight gijenightingale bilbilnightmare garabasmanightsoil dökünnimble ÿüwrüknine dokuzninety togsanninth dokuzynjynintieth toganynjynitrogen azot(r)no ÿok, dälno one yns-jynsno-good waraknoble asyllynoise galmagal, goh, gopgun,gykylyk, jenjel, ?aggyldy, wagyr,zenzele, ?agyrdy, ses, ?owhunnoisy galmagally, ?owhunly, seslinomad çarwanomadic camp göçnominate bellenmeknomination bellenmenon-stop dyngysyz, dynmannoodle soup una?nook çüñknoon günortannoose hepbik, syrmanorm norma(r)normal adatça, normal(r), kadalynorth demirgazyknortheast gaÿra, demirgazykgündogarnorthwest demirgazyk-günbatarnose burunnot dälnot a soul gum-gulluknot at all teÿnot bad ganymatnot far golaÿdanot full gowuznot long ago golaÿda, hälinot on good terms jetnot peaceful oñ?uksyznot present ÿoknot understandable dü?nüksiznot very onçaklynot well näho?not well thoughtout oÿlany?yksyznotable tanymalnotary notarius(r)note habar, hat, (diplomatic ormusical) nota(r)notebook depdernotepad bloknot(r)nothing hiç, yns-jynsnotice gara?yknotification habardarnotion dü?ünje, termin(r)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 101nourish iÿmitlendirmeknourishment iÿmitnovel roman(r)November noÿabr(r)novice öwrenjenow häzir, häzir, indi, ?indinow then ÿanow and then aram-aramnuclear ÿadro(r)nucleus özennumb sömelmeknumber nomer(r), san, san,sifr(r), mukdar, nomerlemek(r)nurse emdirmek, naharlamaknursery ?itilhananut hozOoar kürekoasis oÿlykoat flour talhanoath ant, kasamoats süleobesity semizlikobject obÿekt(r), predmet(r),gar?y cykmakobjective obÿektiw(r)obligatory hökmanyoblique gyÿa, çasyobliterate ÿegsan etmekoblong süÿnmek, süÿriobscure büremekobscurity tüm, tümlükobsenity sögünçobserve syn etmek, synlamakobserve aceremony dabaralanmakobstacle garsylyk, gar?ylykobstacles päsgelçilikobstinacy keçlik, kesirlikobstinance tutanÿerlikobstinate dikdü?di, höçjet, keç,keçjal, kejir, kesir, ketje,tutanÿerliobstruct bökdemek, germemekobstruction bökdenç, germewobtuse keçje, tüntobvious anyk, aÿan, aÿyl-saÿyl,göz-görtele, ä?gär, görnetin,aÿdyñobviously mese-mälimobviousness ä?gärlikoccasion säwlikoccasionally çendanoccupation okkupasiÿa(r),hünär, senetoccupied me?guloccupy okkupirlemekoccur without help öz-özündenoccurence hadysa, hekaÿatocean deñiz, okean(r)October oktÿabrodd bitaÿ, dagynykodd (in number) täkodor ysoesophagus ödekof course elbetdeoffence nadyllyk, öÿkeoffences öÿke-kineoffend göwnüne degmekoffended öÿkeli, kineli, nadyloffense etmi?, kineoffer teklip, hödürlemekoffice edara, kanselÿariÿa(r),kontor(r), tipografiÿa(r)officer ofiser(r)officer's mess ofiserlikofficial resmi, gerblioffshoot golçuroften aglaba, ÿygy-ÿygydanoh häoh, yes häoh! eÿ-waÿ, wiÿoh! gosh! wahoh! oh boy! waÿoil nebit, ÿaglamak, (cooking) ÿagoil worker nebitçioilcloth kleÿonka(r)oily ÿaglyokay bolÿar, adatça, ho?old baÿry, garry, goja, köneold age garrylykold person garryold things köne-kü?ülold woman kempirolder eÿmenç, ekabyrolder brother agaolive zeÿtinolympiad olimpiada(r)olympics spartakiÿada(r)omission propusk(r)on boÿunçaon a diet berhizlion an empty stomach ajözeon end syn-synon hand nagton purpose bilge?leÿinon the contrary tersineon the part of babatdaon top ÿokary, atlaÿynonlooker toma?açyonce birwagtonce again täzeçe, ÿama?gan,ÿama?gandanonce and for all düÿpgöter,düÿpleÿinonce more ÿeneone bir, ÿekelikone after the other uçdantutma,yzly-yzyndaone and all beÿikli-peslione and only ÿeke-täkone-blooded ganybirone by one ÿeke-ÿekeone day güninone hundred ÿüzlükone hundredth ÿüzünjione of birione on one ba?a-ba?one way gidi?inone-sided birtaraplaÿynoneness birlik, ÿekelikonion soganonly diñe, birlik, ÿekeonly a little çalaonset tutnakonslaught tutnakopen aç, ä?gär, açmak, hañlatmatopen wide hañlatmatopen-hearted göwnaçyk,mylakatly, akgöwünliopening açyly?openness ä?gärlikopera opera(r)operate ÿagdaÿla?makoperation operasiÿa(r)opinion ekspertizia(r), garaÿy?,pikiropposite añry, tersine

Turkmen/English Dictionary 102opposition gar?ylykoppress ÿanamakoppression sütem, zulumor ÿa, ÿadaor else ÿogsa, bolmasaorally dildenorange mämi?iorbit orbita(r)orbital orbital(r)orchestra orkestr(r)order düzgün-tertip, düzgünnyzam,höküm, narÿad, orden,tertip, tertip-düzgün, zakaz(r),düzgün, buÿurmak, sargamak,sarmakordered tertipliordering düzgünnamaorderliness ba?ly-baratorderly düzüwliordinal numbers tertip sanlarordinarily köplençordinary(r) rÿadowoÿore magdanorgan organorganic organik(r)organism organizm(r), süuorganization guramaorganize saÿhalla?dyrmak,çäklendirmek, horlanmak,guramakorganize a party toÿlamakorganizer guramaçyorigin gelip çyky?, gözba?yoriginal özbolu?lyoriginate gelip çykmakornament gülorphan ÿetimorthographic orfografik(r)orthography orfografiÿa(r)oscillate yrgyldatmakoscillation yrgyldyostrich düÿegu?other ba?gaother people's keseki, keseother things ba?ga zatothers eÿlekiotherwise ba?gaça, ÿogsaotter gunduzouch! eÿ-wäk, wäkout (sports) aut(r)out of control ÿabanyout of reach elÿeterout of the wind ÿeleout of tune bozulanout of whack bozulanoutcry haÿkylyk, närazyçylykouter da?ky, gyrakyouter space kosmos(r)outfit enjamla?dyrmakoutline kospekt(r)outline sudur, ?ekeloutlined çäklenmekoutpost zastawa(r)output öndürijilikoutside da?ary, da?kyoval süÿriovary naÿçaover üsta?yrover the top ÿokarlygynaover there hanha, holha, honhaoveralls kombinezon(r)overcoat palto(r), ?inel(r)overcrowded pürepüroverfill pürepürlemekoverflow da?mak, jo?makoverflowing pürepüroverhear diñ salmak, diñleÿmekovermuch agdykovernight ÿatymlaÿynoverstretch gypjyndyrmakoverstuffed ÿepbe?ikovertake ozmakoverturn öwrüli?ik, çöwrülmek,agdarmakoverwhelmed gama?makowl baÿgu?own elin, süÿtde?, eÿe bolmakowner eÿeownership eÿeçilik, hojalykoxygen kislorod(r)Ppace depgip, ÿöri?pack petde, gamla?dyrmakpackage banderol(r), gap,pedelemekpacked dykyzpacket paket(r)paddle kürek, küreklemekpaendeky päendekipage sahypapail bedre, uÿlukpain horluk, hupbat, azar bermek,azar, yzapainful yzalypainfulness ÿarawsyzlykpaint boÿag, reñk, boÿamak,reñklemekpainting £iwopis(r)pair taÿpairless bitaÿpajamas pijama(r)palace kö?kpale akÿuzli, mele, solgun, solgunpalm aÿapalm of hand ?apbatpalow (pilaf) tüwpan tabapanacea melhempancake byzmykpane çüÿ?epanic dowulpanorama panorama(r)pant hyssyldamak, daljykmakpants balak, jalbarpaper kagyzparallel ugurda?parcel posulka(r)pardon ÿalkamakparents ata-ene, ene-atalarpark park(r)parlance gepparrot totypart bölek, rol(r), ülü?, bölmekpartial bölekleyinparticipant gatna?yjyparticipate in gatna?makparticiple ortakparticular hususan, aÿratyn,talapkär, üÿtge?ikparticularly ylaÿtaparting ho?lo?ykpartisan partisan(r), ÿaranpartition tutypartner hyzmatda?partridge käkilikparts ?aÿlarparty oturyly?yk, tapgyr, toÿ,(political) partiÿa(r)pass putÿowka(r), geçmek,gezmelemekpassage geçelge, ötelge, olumpassenger ÿolagçy

Turkmen/English Dictionary 103passerby ötegçipassing gidi?inipassion hyjuw, hyruçpassive passiw(r)passport pasport(r)past öñpastry gutappastry chef konditer(r)pasture öripat tapbat, tapbatlamakpatch ÿamapatent göz-görtelepath ÿörelge, ÿolpathetic gözgyny, naÿynjarpatience çydam, kanagat, sabyr,sabyrlylyk, takat, kararpatient sabyrly, syrkawpatriot watançypatron hossar, howandarpatronage howandarlykpatronize hossarlyk etmekpattern ülñi, bejergipause dyngy, iri?me, togtamak,sagynmak, sem bolmak,säginmekpave dü?emek, pollamakpaw penjepay tölemek, tölemekpay attention üns bermekpayment töleg, wznos(r), salgytpeace parahatçylyk, ynjalyk,asudalyk, imisalalyk, oñ?uk,parahat, parahatlyk, rahat,ÿara?yk, dynç, rahatlyk, tapapeaceful asuda, imi-sala, oñ?ukly,rahat, tesilli, rahatpeach ?etdalypeacock tawuspeal ?aññyrdy, ?yññyrdy,taññyrdamakpear armytpearl dür, göwherpeas nohutpeasant daÿhanpeck çokalamak, çokmakpeculiar hususan, özbolu?ly,üÿtge?ikpedal pedal(r)pedalogical terbiÿeçilik,terbiÿeleÿjilikpeel paçak, sypyrmak,arassalamak, artmakpeep (squeak) jüÿgüldy,y?yklamak, jüÿgüldemekpeep over köw salmakpeep at jyklamakpeer (person) eginde?, deñdu?,ÿa?da?peg gazyk, we?alka(r)pelican gotanpelvis çanaklykpen agyl, ruçka(r)pen-knife çakgypenalty jerime, jezapenance tobapencil galampencil-case galamdanpenetrate böwüsmekpenetrating çirkin, ÿitipeninsula ÿarymadapennant wympel(r)pension pansion(r), pensiÿa(r)people halk, il, il, il-gün, il-halk,ile?ler, halkpeople's halkpepper burçpeppery ajypercent protsent(r)perceptive duÿgurperdition näletperfect kämil, kämile?en,kämille?dirmekperfection kämillikperfidy ähtiÿalanlykperform çyky?etmekperil hederperiod smena(r), döwür,(punctuation) nokatperiod of time möhletperiodic döwürleÿinperish heläk bolmakpermanent hemi?elikpermission rugsat, sprawka(r),ygtyÿarpermit putÿowka(r)perogative hak, hukukperpendicular dikperplexed ÿygrykmakperseverance erjellikpersevering tutanÿerlipersistence erjellik, tutanÿerlikpersistent erjel, tutanÿerliperson adam, ki?iperson at the top otliçnik(r)personage persona£h(r)personal personal(r), ?ahsy,ÿekebarapersonal nature tabigatpersonality ?ahs, ?ahsyÿetperspective perspektiv(r)persuade göwnetmekpersuasive degerlipester çekelemek, süÿkenmekpestle sokypet sypalamakpetition towakgapetroleum nebitpetty ÿalpak, ownukçyl, ÿüzleÿphenomenon hadysaphesant sülgünphilanthropy adamkärçilikphilharmonic filarmoniÿa(r)philologic filologik(r)philology filologiÿa(r)philosophic filosofik(r)philosophy filosofiÿa(r)phlegm gakylykphlegmy gakylykphone telefon(r)phonetic fonetik(r)phonetics fonetika(r)phony jögiphotograph fotografiÿa(r),forografilemek(r), suratphraseologic fraseologik(r)phraseology fraseologiÿa(r)physical training beden terbiÿephysics fizika(r)pianist pianist(r)piano pianino(r)pick çokmak, synçgamak,ÿygmakpick up çöplemek, çöplemek,götermekpicture surat, suratpicturesque görkanapie gutappiece döwüm, tikepiece of candy kemputpieces bölek-bölekpier pristan(r)piercing çapgyn, çirkinpig doñuzpigeon kepderipiglet jojukpile dös, topbakpilgrim (to Mecca) ymampill tabletka(r)pillar kolonna(r), sütünpillow ÿassykpilmeni börekpilot pilot(r)pimple düwürtikpin temengepinch çümmük, çirtmek,çümmüklemekpinch (in cooking) garnuw,garyndypink mawy, al, gyrmyzypins and needles jüm?üldipioneer pionir(r)pioneer days pionirlyk(r)pipe truba(r), trubka(r)pistachio pissepistol pistolet(r)pit çukur, çukurlyk, däne, ?ahta(r)pitch eññit, ?epbik, ÿapba?akpitch a tent çasyrmakpitcher küÿze, golça, (iron) tüñçepitchfork çar?akpitching yrgapitiable gözgynypitiful naÿynjarpitted goturpity rehim, pu?man etmek,pu?man, gaÿgyrmak, ökünmekplacard plakat(r)place orun, ÿer, punkt(r), tarap,ündemek, ÿerle?dirmek, salmakplace of respect dulplace where people live mekanplain takyr, ÿönekeÿplain to see görnetinplains düz, düzlükplaintive naly?ly, naÿynjar, zarynplait saç örümi, çyrma?makplan plan(r), proÿekt(r),çenlemek, plana?dyrmak(r)plane rende, rendelemekplane off ÿonmakplane tree çynarplaner törpi

Turkmen/English Dictionary 104planet planeta(r)plank ÿokundy, tagtaplanned planly(r)planning planlyk(r)plant ekmek, oturtmakplaster gips(r), suwamakplasticine plastilin(r)plate tarÿelka(r)platform perron(r), platforma(r),estrada(r), tribuna(r)platoon wzwod(r)play oÿnamakplayer oÿunçyplead özelenmekpleasant ho?amaÿ, ÿyly, mazaly,mähirli, mylaÿym, ÿakymly, ?irinpleasantness ho?amaÿlyk,mylaÿymlykplease ÿaranmakpleased with kaÿylpleasing hezilpleasing taste lezzetlipleasure gönençilik, hezel, hözir,lezzet, maza, hezillik, keÿp, sapapleat epinpledge ähtplenty ganapliable çeÿepliers atagzyplot dildüw?ükplotting betniet, betpälploughshare pazaplow plug(r), sökmekpluck üzmek, üzülmek, ÿolmakpluck out ÿolmalamakplug ?tepsel(r)plum garalyplum tree garalyplumber slesar(r)plump lopbush, semiz, pökgiplumpen parkyldamakplunder talamakplunge topulmak, çümmekplus plÿus(r)plush mahmalplywood faner(r)pocket jübi, kisepocket money spwapockmarked goturpod kösükpoem gosgy, poema(r), ?ygyrpoet ?ahyrpoetess ?ahrapoetic poeztik(r), gosgypoetic works ?ahyrlykpoignant ÿitipoint utuk, punkt(r)point (in a game) oçko(r)point of view jähet, nukdaÿnazarpointed zömmekpointer dilpointer finger süem barmakpointless manysyzpoison awypoisonous zäherlipoke synçgamak, dürtmek,çommaltmakpoker (for a fire) kesewipolar polÿar(r)Pole polÿak(r)pole polÿus(r), syrykpoliceman milisioner(r)policy syÿasat, syÿasatpolish tara?lamak, törpülemekpolishing tara?polite edeplipoliteness edeplilik, sypaÿçylyk,edeppolitical syÿasypolitician syÿasatçypolitics syÿasat, syÿasatpollen tozgapollute zaÿalamakpolyclinic poliklinika(r)polytechnic politeknika(r)pomegranite narpond howda, howda, howuzponder diñir genmekponderous saldamlypool basseÿn(r), çalpaw, howuzpoor gedaÿ, garyp, myrtarpoor person gedaÿpoppy läle, läbikpopular geçginli, populÿar(r),ÿörgünlipopulation ilatpopulous ilatlyporcelin farfor(r)porch seki, dalan, podÿezd(r)porcupine oklukirpiportend duÿdurmakporter nosil ?ik(r)portion paÿ(r), por?en(r),portsiÿa(r), gatanç, döwümportrait portret(r)Portugal portugal(r)position düzgünnama, esgerlik,komandirlik(r), pozitsiÿa(r),wezipepossessive ollukpossibility mümkinçilikpossible mümkinpossibly ähtimalpost post(r), poçtapost-meal prayer töwir(galdyrmak)postage stamp marka(r)postcard otkrytka(r)poster afi?a(r), plakat(r)posterity nesilpostpone uzakla?dyrmakpot gazança, gor?ok(r), pitipotatoes karto?ka(r)pothole gazganakpotter's trade (craft) küÿzegarlikpotty gor?ok(r)poultry gu?çulykpound bükgüldemek, bükdürmekpour çogmak, akytmak, gulmak,guÿmak, ?abyrdamakpour in guÿmakpour out eñtermek, tenmekpour over haplamakpoverty garyplyk, pukaralyk,ÿoklukpowder poro?ak(r)power kuwwat, güÿç, häkimiÿet,kuwwatlylyk, ysgyn, zarppower station elektrostansiÿa(r)powerful äpet, kuwwatlypowers mejalpox mamapractice praktika(r)praise magtanç, öwgi, öwgn,taryp, öwmek, magtamak,öwmek, taryplamakpray doga okamak, özelenmek,dilemekprayer dileg, hudaÿa çokunma,namazpreach wagyz etmekprecept nesihatprecipitate ÿagmakprecipitation ÿagyn, ÿagmyr,ygalprecisely tegelekprecision takyklykpredator ÿyrtyjypredatory wag?ypredominance agdyklykpreface sözba?yprefix pristawka(r)pregnant göwrelipremier premera(r)preoccupied aladalypreparation preparat(r)preparations taÿyarlykprepare toplanmak, çemelenmek,häzirlemek, taÿyarlamak,taÿynalmakprepare a dish bi?irmekpreparedness taÿyarlykpreposition sözsoñypresent häzirki, ?indikipresent evidence delillendirmekpresentation çyky?preserve zapowednik(r)president prezident(r), rektor(r),sowgatpresidium prezidium(r)press sykmak, gysmak, basmak,preslemek, ÿanamakpress conference preskonferentisiÿa(r)press forward zomamakpress in ÿem?ertmekpress up against gysmyljyramakpressed in ÿem?ermekpressing möhletlipressure basy?, sütempretty eÿjelik, gözel, görkana,telperprevious öñkiprevious situation öñkülikprice nyrh, bahaprices gymmatlamakprick naÿzalamak, sanjamakprick up (one's ears) ü?ertmekprickle tikenprickly tikenlipride buÿsanç, guwanç

Turkmen/English Dictionary 105primary ilkinjilik, ilkinjiprimary beginning ba?langyçprimordial ilkidurmu?princers gysgyçprinciple prentsip(r)principles kodeks(r)print ?rift(r)printed cotton cloth jirprinter çapçyprinting plant çaphana,tipografiÿa(r)priority biriñilikprison türmeprisoner tussag, tussag, ÿesirprivate hususy, hususyprivate (soldier) rÿadowoÿprivate office kabinet(r)privilege ÿeñillik, hak-hukukprize baÿrak, priz(r)problem problema(r)process protses(r)prod dürtmekproduce öndürmek, önmek,etmekproduct önümproduction önüm, önümcilik,önümçilikproductive guzlaññyproductivity öndürijilikproducts harytlarprofession kesp, kärprofessional professional(r)professor professor(r)profit dü?ewünt, nebis, utu?,bähbit, haÿyrprofitable dü?ewüntli, gazançlyprofound çuññurprognosis prognoz(r)program programa(r)progress progres(r), ÿeti?ikprogressive progressiw(r)prohibited haram, gadaganproject proÿekt(r), proÿektirlemekproletarian proletor(r)proletariat proletariat(r)prolong süÿndürmek, uzaltmakpromise lebiz, wada, ähtpromptly okgunlypromulgation ne?irprone arkan, ÿüzinpronoun at calysma, çaly?mapronounce aÿdylmakpronunciation aÿdyly?, käÿinçproof subutnamaprop diregprop up daÿamak, diremekpropagate propagandirlemek(r)property emläk, go?-golañ, malmülk,go?, häsiÿet, häsiÿetprophecy hadysprophet pygamberpropitious oñaÿlypropoganda propaganda(r)proportion laÿyklykprose kyssa, proza(r)prose writer prozaçi(r)prospect añ-dü?ünjeprospecting razwedka(r)prosper pajalamakprosperity eÿgilik, dokçulyk,üpjünlik, e?ret, oñluk, meslikprotect hossarlyk etmek,goramakprotection gorag, goraÿy?protector goragçyprotest gar?ylyk görkezme,protest(r), gar?ylyk görkezmekprotocol protokol(r)protracted uzynprotrude çommaltmakprotruding güberçekproud buÿsanjan, gedam,sarsmazprove subut etmek, subut etmekproverb nakylprovide üpjünetmekprovide help hemaÿat etmekprovide hospitality hezzetlemekprovided for üpjünprovince oblastprovocation prowokatsiÿa(r)prying bilesigelijipubis gasykpublic çekimli, kommunal(r)public prosecutor garalawçy,prokuror(r)publicmindednessjemgyÿetçilikpublication çap etmepublish çap etmek, ne?ir etmekpublisher ne?ir ediji, ne?irÿatçypublishing house ne?irÿatpuddle çalpawpuff burugsamak, hyssyldamakpuke gusmakpull çüwek, tartmak, çekmekpull at çykarmakpull out ütmek, goparmak,sogurmak, süÿremekpull together büzmekpulpit kafedrapumpkin kädipun ÿomakpunctual rejelipunctuation punktuatsiÿapuncture de?mekpunish jeza bermek,jezalandyrmak, temmi bermekpunishment temmi, çäre, jezapuny göÿdukpupil okuwçy, (of the eye) göreçpuppy güjükpurchaser alajypure dury, päk, tämiz, halalpuree pÿure(r)purified saplanmakpurify saplamak, tämizlemek,tämislikpurple çernil(r)purpose maksat, hyÿal, pygylpurr ?irrildemekpursuit kowgypus çylpyk, iriñpus-like iriñlipush iteklemek, itelemek,itermek, itmek, zomamakpush and shove itni?mekpush button knopka(r)push over agdarmakpushy person itigiput atmak, salmak, garsamak,goÿmak, ündemek, ÿoklamakput away gizlemek, gizlenmekput forward goÿmakput in dykylmakput in lines setilemkput in order saÿhalla?dyrmakput inside çümdürmekput it shortly garazput off uzakla?dyrmakput on dakmakput on airs gomparmak,ulumsyramakput on weight semretmekput out öçürmekput right ugrukdyrmakput through a hole ötürmekput up germekputrid çüÿrükpuzzle matal

Turkmen/English Dictionary 106Qqualification kwalifikasiÿa(r)quality hilquantity mukdar, ululykquarrel çekele?mek, tersle?ik,jetle?mek, senemere edi?mek,sögü?mek, tersle?mekquarrel with käÿiçmekquarrelsome igenjeñ, igenjeñlikquarter çärÿek, kwartal(r)quay pristan(r)queen (in chess) preziquest agtary?question sorag, sorag, sowal,soramak, ?ek, sorag bermekqueue nobat, nobat tutmakquick çalasyn, ÿüwrükquick wittedness ü?ükquickly çalt, hasyr-husur, hyrra,?agga, ?apba, ?ark-?urk, tizquickness çalasynlyk, çaltlykquiet domma, ÿuwa?, imi-sala,rahat, arkaÿynlamakquietly keremaraquilt ÿorgan, syramakquince beÿiquiver endiremek, sarsmakquiz barlag i?, wiktorina(r)quotation sitada(r)quote sitirlemekRrabbit tow?anrabid guduzrace ÿary?mak, çapy?yk, jyn, ÿary?,urug, tohum, myçmakrace track aÿlawracism jynsparazlykracist jynsparazrack we?alka(r)racket galmagal, gowga, zenzeleradiance parlakradiant röw?enradiate parlamakradio radio(r)radio center radiouzel(r)radio operator radist(r)radio station radiostantsiÿa(r)radio-announcer diktor(r)radish rediska(r), turpradius radius(r)raft salrag esgi, çogdanrage gahar, gahar-gazap, üzñelik,möwkemek, ?arlamak, möwçalmakrags gyÿkundy, ?ylharaid hüjümrailing tutawaçrailroad pliers äti?girrails rels(r)rain ÿagmyr, ÿagy?, ygalrainbow älemgo?arraincoat pla?(r)rainy ÿagynly, ÿagy?ly, ygallyraise galdyrnak, galmak,gatalkmak, ÿokarlanmakraise a price gymmatlamakraise above götergimekraise oneself dikelmek,gobsynmakraising kötelraising deer sugunçylykraisins ki?mi?rake dyrmak, dyrmykrally miting(r)ram goçram-like (a compliment) goçrampart seññerrange plita(r)rant and rave basyrganmakrap tarsuldamak, tarkyldamak,tarkyldatmak, tarsuldy,tykyrdatmak, tyrkyldamak,tyrkyldatmak, tykyrdamakrapidity çaltlykrapidly okgunly, çaltrapids gatakarraport raport(r)rare gyt, seÿrekrarely iki-ÿeke, ÿek-tükrascal haramzada, aldawçyrash ite?en, örgünrat alakaratify tassyklamakrational islege laÿykrationalist ratsionalizatorrationality ratsionaçylyk(r)rattle ?arkyldy, tyrkyldy,taññyrdamak, tarkyldamak,tarkyldatmak, tykyrdatmak,hy££yldamak, ?arkyldamakrattling tarkyldyraven garga, zagravine jarraw çyglyraw materials çigmalray nur, ?öhlerazor päkireach gowu?makreact äwmekreaction reaksiÿa(r)reactionary reaksion(r)reactive reaktiw(r)read okamakreading and writing hat-sowatready taÿÿar, taÿÿyn, taÿyarlyly,häzirreal real(r), tüÿsrealism realizm(r)realistic realistik(r)reality hakykan, hakykatrealize pa?makreally hakykatdan, dogrudanreally? hiÿ? heÿ?reap ormakrear tyl, yzrear part ÿeñçereason pähim, sypalga, sebäp,spwa, oÿlanmakreasonable pähimli, sebäplireassure haÿ-kü?etmek, hörekö?eetmekrebel gozgalañçy, pitnesirebellion topalañ, pitnerebuff gaÿtawulreceipt kwitansiÿa(r)receive uçramakreceiver trubka(r)receiving room myhmanhanareceiving set radionpryomnik(r)recently arada, ÿañy ÿakyndarecess arakesmerecipe retsept(r)recital konsert(r)recline süÿnmekrecognize ykrar etmek, tanamakrecollection ÿadygärrecommendation rekomendasiÿa(r)recompense tölemekreconcile ylala?dyrmak,razyla?mak, ÿara?dyrmakreconciliation ÿara?ykreconnaissanceparty razwedka(r)record rekord(r), ÿazgyrecover gutulmak, sagalmakrecruit pyntyklamakrectify düzetmek

Turkmen/English Dictionary 107rector rektor(r)rectorship rektorlyk(r)red çypar, gyrmyzy, gyzylred poppy gülälekredden gyzarmakreddest gyp-gyzylreduce haÿallatmak,selçenlemek, seÿreklemek,ÿuwa?atmak, egismek,kemeltmek, kemmek, kiçeltmek,peseltmek, ÿuwa?amakreduction peseltmereed çiñrik, gamy?, gargyrefer to salgylanmakrefine kämille?dirmek, ÿukalmakreflect aÿlamakreflective aÿnadanreflexive duÿdansyzreform reforma(r)refresh y?yklandyrmak,janlandyrmakrefrigerator holodilnik(r)refugee gaçgakregard äsgermekregime rezhim(r)regiment polk(r)region olrug, raÿon(r), ülke,uçastok(r)register registrirlemek(r)registration registrasiÿa(r),ÿazgyregistry registratura(r)regret ahmyr, gynanç, ökünç,pu?man, ahmyr etmek,gynanmak, pu?man etmek,ökünmekregular regulÿar(r), kadalyregulate regulirlemek(r)rehearsal repetisiÿa(r)reign höküm sürmeklik, hökümsürmekrein in ideklemek, jylawlamakreinforce mäkämlemekreinforced berkitmereinforcement berkitmereins jylawreject ret etmekrejoice monça bolmakrelate beÿan etmekrelation gatna?yk, howandarrelationship howandarlyk,hossarlykrelative dogan-garynda?,garynda?, howandar, otnositel,?ertlirelatives kowum-garanda?,nebererelaxation dynçrelaxed hatyrjemrelay race estafeta(r)release sypmak, akdyrmak,sabamakrelevant dahyllyreliable ähtibar, ynamlyreligion dinreligious dindar, dinirely baÿrynmakremainder galyndyremaining galyndyremedy seri?de, seri?deremember ÿatlamakrememberance hakydaremind ÿatalatmakremote da?lykdakyremoteness çuñlukremoval köwekremove çykarmak, da?la?dyrmakrender äbermekrenew täzelemek, täzelenmekrenovate täzelemekrent kärende tölegirental kärende, kireÿrepair bejermek, ÿamamak, düzetmekrepair(s) remont(r)repay a debt özmekrepeal goÿbolsun etmekrepeat gaÿtalmakrepeat severaltimes gaÿtala?dyrmakrepetition ÿolareplace täzelenmek, täzelemekreplica replika(r)report doklad(r), maglumat,hasabatreport upon bildirmekrepose rahatlyk, tapa, ynjalykrepresentative wekilreproach gyjalat, teÿene, käÿinçreproof käÿinçreptiles süÿrenjilerrepublic respublika(r)republican respublikan(r)repugnant ÿigrenjirepulse gaÿtawulreputation abraÿ, at-abraÿrequest haÿy?, towakga, haÿy?etmekrequirement talapresearch gözlegresemblance meñze?resemblance meñzeçlikresemble çalym etmek,meñzemekreserve zapowednik(r)reserve(s) rezerw(r)reserved garasöÿmez, dommaresin ?epbikresolute töwekgel, üzül-kesil,kesginresolution rezolÿusiÿa(r), çözgüt,ustaw(r)resort kurort, sanatoriÿa(r)resource resurs(r)respect hatyra, hezzet-hormat,hormat, sylag, yzzat,hormatlamak, sarpa goÿmak,sylamakrespect sarparespectable epeÿrespond seslenmekrespond to äwmekresponsibility garamat,jogapkärçilikresponsible jogapkar, jogapkärlirest dynç, rahatlyk, tapa, ynjalykrestaurant restoran(r)restrain one's self saklanmakresult netije, timarlamakresult in rejelemekresurrection dirili?retell beÿan etmekretract dänmekretreat gaçmak, çekilmek,sepikmekretribution jezareturn gaÿdy?yn, öwrülmek,gaÿtarmakreveal oneself paramakrevel keÿp çekmekrevenge ar, kastrevenue gipdejireverence yzzatreview syn etmek, syn, tankyt,gaÿtala?dyrmakrevival galkynysrevive janlanmakrevolution rewolÿusiÿa(r),öwrüli?ikrevolutionary rewolÿusion(r)revolve hozanaklamakreward baÿrakrheumatism bilagyry, guragyrylyrhombus rom(r)rhyme kapyÿa, rifma(r),kapyÿala?dyrmak, kapyÿala?makrib gapyrgaribbon lentarice tüw, bürünçrice porridge ?ülerich baÿrich in content manylyrich in possessions barlyrich with bolrichness döwletricochet çawmakriddle matal, tapmaçaride togalamakridge ulgamridiculous gülkünç, bolgusyzriding academy manerriding school manerrifle tüpeñright hak, hak-hukuk, hukuk,hukuk, mamla, hakright after yzy bilenright now derrewright up to tärighteous halalrigid doñanrim erñekrime çigrekrind paçakring ÿüzük, halka, jyññyrdamak,?yññyrdy, zarñyldamak,jaññyrdamak, ?añlamak,?aññyrdamak, ?yññyrdamakring finger ogulhajatringing jyññyrdy, ?atlamarink taÿgançakrinse çaÿkamakrinse out çaÿkamakrip out a seam sökülmek,sökmekripe tagt

Turkmen/English Dictionary 108ripped ÿyrtykrise gögermek, (of the sun)dogmakrisk töwekgelçilik, töwekgellik,hederrival bäsde?rivalry bäsle?ikriver derÿarivet berçinroad ÿolroam tentemek, seÿil, seÿranetmek, entemek, entreklemekroar gübürdemek,gümmürdemek, gürrüldemek,möññürmekroar withlaughter hahahaÿlamakroast çirkizmekrob talamakrobe donrock yralamak, yramak, yranmak,yrañ atmak, uçurmak, üwremekrocket raketa(r)rocky da?lyrod çybykrodents gemrijilerrole rol(r)roll tirlemek, tirlendirmek,towlanmak, tigirlemek,togalamakroll of film pleÿonka(r)roll up çugutmak, düÿrlemek,pyrlamakroller rolik(r)rolling yrgarolling pin oklawRomanian rumyn(r)room otagroot kök, düÿprope tanaprose bägül, gülrostrum kafedrarot çüÿremekrotate towlamakrotation aÿlanma, towrotten çüÿrük, palak, yslananrotteness zaÿaçylyk, çüÿrüklikrough copy garalamaroughness harsallykround tegelek, öwre, tapgyr,raund(r)round off ÿumralmakround trip gidi?in-gaÿdy?ynrouse tuta?dyrmakroute gatnawy, trassa(r)row hatar, setir, September,zweno(r), küreklemekrows setilemkrub çalmak, oÿkamak,sürtenmek, süÿkemek,süÿkenmekrub in sürtmek, çyr?amakrub oneself oÿkanmakrubber kauçuk, rezin(r)rubbing alcohol spiritrubbish makulaturarucksack rÿukzak(r)rudder süÿpentrude gödekrugby regbi(r)rugby player regbiçi(r)ruin zaÿalamak, bozmakruined weÿrançylyklyruins harabarule düzgün, kada, häkimiÿetruler han, (measuring) çyzgyçrumble ?akgyrdy, gürpürdi,jugurdamak, ?akgyrdamak,?akgyrdatmak, takyrdamak,takyrdatmak, tykyrdamakrumours my?-my?rumour owazarumoured hy?y-wu?yrun ylgaw, geçirmek, çüwdürmek,ylgamak, ylgamakrun away zut gaçyp gitmekrun insomething süsdürilmekrun into çaky?makrunning ylgawrush gargy, topulmak, çozmak,dazlamak, eñmek, howlykmak,haÿdamakrush out zogdyrylmakRussia orsÿetRussian ors, rusRussian language orsça, rusçarust pos, iglemekrustle ?agyrdy, ?itirdi, ?ybyrdy,?ygyrdy, ?ykyrdy, yg?yldy,?aggyldamak, ?aggyldy, ?yglamak,?yrkyldy, çagsyldamak,?agyrdamak, ?ybyrdamak,?ygyrdamak, ?ykyrdamak,yg?yldamak, çyb?yrlamak,çyg?yldamak, çyb?yldy, çyg?yldyrusty poslyruthless rehimsizrye çowdarySsaber gylyçsabotage diversiÿa(r),ÿykgynçylyksack halta, ganarsacred mukaddessacrifice gurban, pidasad gamgyn, gamly, gaÿgyly,tukat, zarynsaddle eÿer, eÿerlemek,içirgilemeksaddle straps ganjygasadness gaÿgy, tukatlyksafe arkaÿynsafely sag aman, amansafety pin iññebagjyk, sanjak,temengesag gaÿ?armaksag-gurgun gezip ÿöremek=bein a good mood sag-gurgunsail ÿelkensailing ÿelkenlisailor deñizçi, matros(r)salad salat(r)salary aÿlyksaleable ÿörgünlisalient ilginçsaline ?orsaliva tüÿküliksalivate tüÿküliklemeksallow saryÿagyzsalt duz, duzlamaksalt solution ?erebesalt water ?orsuwsaltiness ?orluksalty duzly, ?erebe, ?orsalute salÿut(r)samovar semawar(r)sample nusgasanatorium sanatoriÿa(r)sand çäge, gumsandbank saÿsander törpisandwich buterbrod(r)sandy gumaksapling nahalsash bilgu?aksatiate berçikmeksatin setin(r), atlazsatisfaction dokluk, ho?allyk,kanagatlanarlyk, kanagat,razÿlyksatisfactory ho?al,kanagatlanlarlyklysatisfied dok, razysatisfy gandyrmak,kanagatlandyrmakSaturday ?embesaunter aÿlanjyramaksausage kolbasa(r)sausage link sosiska(r)save tyg?ytlamak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 109saving tyg?ytsavings zapas(r)saw byçgy, pyçgy, bognamak,byçgylmaksay ÿamanlamak, diÿmek1,gürlemeksay good-bye ho?la?maksay hi salamla?maksay something dillenmeksay unpleasant words ÿoku?sözaÿtmakscabbard gynscald haplamakscale tor, (for weighing) gapan,(of a map) masçtabscales tereziscandal haÿÿarlyk, nadaralyk, ?er,goh, jenjelscandalmonger gybatke?scandalous haÿÿar, nadarascar çapykscarcely çalascarcity kemçilik, kemlik, köstscare ürküzmek, gorkuzmakscarecrow garantja, gäpscarf ?arf(r), ÿaglykscarlet fever hörezek, täjihorazscatter dagatmatscattered çalam-ça?scenery ÿagdaÿscent atyrschedule raspisaniÿe(r), tablisascheme shema(r)school mekdep, uçili ?e(r)science ylymscience (degree) alymlykscientific ylmyscientist alymscissors gaÿcyscold käÿemek, sögmekscoop susmakscorch çowlamakscore sanscorpion içÿanscout razwedkaçy(r)scrambled eggs heÿgenekscrap letde, parça, parçalamakscraps gyÿkundyscratch dyrnaçak, sypjyryk,ykyrdy, dyrnaçaklamak,ga?amak, sypjyrmak, soÿmakscrawny çepiksi, horscream gykylyk, närazyçylyk,haÿkyrmak, heñkirmek, (fromfear) wägirmekscreen ekran(r)screw nurbatscrew in bintlemekscrupulousness çümhöreklikscuffle uru?, penjelemeksculptor skulptor(r)sculpture skulptora(r)sea deñizsea gull çarlakseal çap, metbugat, peçat(r),peçatlamak, plomwalamak(r),ÿelimlemekseal off beklemekseal tightly jebisle?mekseal with glue ÿelmemeksealed tightly jebisseam September, tikinseaman matros(r)seamstress tikinçisearch agtary?, ideg-sorag,agtarmak, dörmek, gözlemeksearch for gözlemek, idemeksearchlight projhektor(r)season möwsüm, pasyl, halatseasons aÿlarseat (of war) ojaksecluded çolasecond ikinji, sekunt(r)second place ikinjiliksecond time ikilençsecond-hand saklanansecondary ikinji derejelisecret assyryn, gizligin, gizlin,ogryn, syr, tilsim, ÿa?yrynsecret serviceofficer razwedkaçy(r)secretiveness assyrynlyksection bölüm, seksiÿa(r),ÿartmaç, zweno(r), (of a city)kwartal(r)secular dünÿewisecurity howpsuzlyk,howpsuzlyk, üpjünçiliksecurity deposit girewsediment çökündi, löderesedition bozgaklyksee görmeksee off ugratmakseed däne, tohumseeded tohumlykseeder seÿalkaseeding tohumçylykseedling nahalseeds çitgitlemekseek advice maslahatlaçmakseem görünmekseem strange geñlemekseems ÿaly-laseeth lakyrdamakseethe ?arlamak, pykyrdamaksegment dilimseizure kakynseldom seÿrek, seÿrekselected saÿlamaself elin, özself-centered öz kelleself-couscious müÿnürgemekself-doubting müñkürself-interest nebisjeñlik,nebsewürlikself-rule özba?daklykself-worth namyssell satmak, satynalmaksell wholesale lomaylygynasatmakseller satyjyseminal tohumlykseminar seminar(r)send ibermek, ÿollamaksenior ekabyr, eÿmençsensational ?owhunlysense duÿgy, tikeneklemeksenseless manysyzsensitive eserdeñ, öÿkeleksensual duÿgursentence sözlem, hökümsentimentalize over suwjarmaksentner (100 kg.) sentner(r)separate izolirlemekseparated dyr-pytrak bolmakseparation aÿralykSeptember sentÿabrsequin jäjekSerb serb(r)Serbian serb(r)seretary sekretar(r)sergeant serzhant(r)series sereÿaserious goÿazy, salyhatly, ymyklyserious ideas oÿ-pikirseriously çynlakaÿsermon wagyz-nesihatservant gullukçy, hyzmatkär,hyzmatkärserve äbermek, hyzmat etmekservice gulluk, hyzmat, hyzmatsesame künjisession sessiÿa(r)set döw, ündemek, gurmakset down dü?ürmekset in order düzgünle?dirmekset off ugramakset off for ugratmakset straight düzetmek,dikeltmek, ugrukdyrmakset up germek, çasyrmaksettle accounts hakla?mak,hasapla?mak, üzülmeksettle down orna?maksettlement posÿolok(r),wadala?ykseven ÿediseventh ÿedinjiseventy ÿetmi?several telimsew çatmak, gaÿmalamak,tikmek, tikmeksew a blanket syramaksew into ÿab?yrmaksewage system kanalizasiÿa(r)sewing tikinçiliksex pol(r)shack kümeshade kölegeshady köleglishady side guzaÿshaft guÿyshah ?ashake endiremek, sandyramak,tibirdemek, titrewuk,müñküldemek, uçurmak,silkmek, zagyrdamak,sarsdyrmak, titremekshake hands elle?mek,ÿeñlenmekshake up tisginmekshaking sandyrawuk, sarsgynshallow ÿalpakshallower u?atmakshame biabraÿlyk, ejap,masgarçylyk, utanç, uÿat,

Turkmen/English Dictionary 110ÿüzügaralyk, namys,utandyrmakshameful biabraÿ, masgara,wejerashameless binamys, haÿasyz,utançsyzshape resmile?dirmekshard jäjek, gyÿçakshare gatanç, ülemekshareholder paÿçysharp çapgyn, kesgir, ötgür, ÿiti,synçysharpen gaÿramak, taplamak,ÿiteltmek, ÿamamaksharpness ü?ükshatter kül-peekun etmek,mynjyramak, mynjyratmak,seçmek, sepelemek, sepmekshave ÿonmak, syrmakshaving ÿonu?gashavings gyryndyshawl gyñaçshe olshed telärshed hair soÿulmaksheep goÿunsheep dung gyÿksheep hold agylsheep skin baganashelf polk(r), tekje, kapasashell gabykshelter buky, penalamakshepherd çopanshepherd boy çolukshepherdhood çopançiliksherbert ?erbert(r)shift smena(r), (work) çal?yrgyçshiftless kelesañshifty eyed ÿeser gözlershin injikshine lowurdy, öwü?gin, ÿalpyldy,lowurdamak, ?öhlelendirmek,ülpüldemek, ÿgjarmakshingles demrewshining ÿalpyldawukshiny ÿalpylda duranship gämi, korabl(r)shirk progul etmekshirt köÿnekshish-kebob çi?lik, kebapshiver müñküldemek,saññyldamak, titremek,tibirdemekshoal saÿshock urgyshoe aÿakgapshoe lace uçgurshoelace bagshoemaker ädikçi, köwü ?ishoes köwü?shoot tüpeñlemek, atmakshoot down aty?makshooter atyjyshop dükan, magazin(r), seh(r)shop window witrina(r)short gysga, jontuk, kelte, pesshort poem kyssashort-sighted ?owa körshort-sightedness ?owalykshortage kemçilik, kemlik, köstshorten gysgaltmak, kelteltmek,kiçeltmek, kiçelmekshot up pers-alashoulder çigin, egin, omuzshoulder blade pilçeshoulder strap pogon(r)shoulder(s) gerdenshout haÿkyrmak, heñkirmek,haÿkylyk, gyk-bak etmek,zowlatmakshout back andforth gygyry?makshove sarsdyrmakshovel pil, susguç, idirdetmekshoving sarsgynshow sergi, toma?a, görkezmek,hezzetlemekshow off kelçermekshpere sfera(r)shred çogdanshrewd synçyshrewdness sapshriek çuñsamakshrill çirkinshrink çürü?mek, daralmak,ÿygrylmakshrivel çürü?mekshudder tisginmek, sandyramak,diglemek, dyglamak, lerzanagelmek, sarsmakshuffle garmak, pürkmekshun ÿadyrgamakshut up dymmakshutter gabsashy gorkak, utanjañ, ÿygrashyness utanjañlyk, ÿygralyksic (a dog) kü?gürmek, meçewbermeksick çakyza, hassa, keselli, kesel,näsagsickle oraksickler orakçysickly göÿduksickness çyrçyk, emgek,hassalyk, ÿarawsyzlykside böwür, bykyn, gapdal, ÿüzsided taraplaÿynsidewalk trotuar(r)siege gabawsieve eleksift elemeksiftings kepeksight tirkeg, toma?asign alamat, belgi, bellik, reje,znaçok(r), ny?an, ny?an, golçekmeksignal signal(r)signature golsignificance ähmiÿetsignificant bajyp, ähmiÿetlisignifier alamatsignify añlatmak,alamatlandyrmak, belgilemek,diÿmek2silence dym?yk, geplemezliksilent sessizsilently keremarasilk ÿüpeksilk production ÿüpekçiliksilly tentek, batnyksyzsilt gyrmançasilver kümü?, kümü?lemeksilver jug for water künnüksilver plate kümü?lemeksimilar meñzeç, meñze?similar to ?ekillisimilarity meñzeçliksimple sada, türkana, ÿönekeÿ,ÿeñilsimple greeting salamsimpleton tenteksimplicity sadalyksimplify ÿeñille?dirmeksimply so keÿpinesin ÿazyk, günäsince bärisince days of yore könedensince then aradansincere dogruçyl, sadasincerely çyn ÿürekdensincerity çynÿürekde?lik,dogruçyllyksing saÿramaksing the Läle Jana läle kakmaksinge çowlamaksinger aÿdymçi, bag?ysingular aÿrasink batmak, çökmeksinus sinus(r)sip gerinmeksister uÿasister-in-law gelinsit oturmaksit on the knees çöke dü?meksite meÿdançasituation çen, ÿagdaÿ, hal-ahwal,wakasix altysixty altmy?sizable göwrümlisize format(r), ölçeg, ölçeg,ululyk, gabarasizzle jyzyrdamak, jyzlamaksizzling jyzzykskating rink katok(r)skein kelep, ÿumaksketch eskiz(r), taslama, oçerk,?ekelski lyzha(r)skier lyzhaçy(r)skiing lyzha(r)skilled çeper, ökde, türgenskilled person senetçiskillful türgen, çeper, ökdeskimmer kengirskin deri, teletin, soÿmak,soÿmakskin-and-bones çepiksiskinny arryk, igliskip çapmakskip a beat jiglemekskirt ÿubka(r), etekskull cap börüksky asman, gökskylark (bird) togaÿslab plita(r)slacken haÿallamakslake gandyrmak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 111slander ?yltak, töhmet, ÿöñkemek,?ugullamak, ?yltak etmek, töhmetatmak, ÿamanlamakslanderer töhmetçislanderous töhmetçiliklislant gy?armakslanting çasy, gyÿaslap in the face ?apbatslaughter gyrgynçylyk, öl?ük,gyrkmakslaughterer gyrkymçySlavic slawÿan(r)sled sani(r)sledgehammer ÿekedabansleep uky, ÿatmak, uklamaksleepless bimazasleepyhead ukuçylsleeve ÿeñslender syratly, ÿukaslice dilim, dilik, dilmek,syhalamakslide taÿmak, typmakslide down tyrpmasliding box çekerslight sähelçeslightly sähelslim syratlyslime batgaslip taÿmak, typmakslip off tyrpmaslippery taÿga, taÿgançak,sürçekslit y?, dilik etmekslogan ?ygarslope eññit, ÿapba?ak, ÿapgyt,eña?aksloppy sowuk-sala, gümürtik,sölpislops ÿuwundyslouch telkermekslovenly hapysaslow haÿal, ÿuwa?slow down haÿallatmak, tesmekslowly haÿal, ÿuwa?slowness äwmezlik, haÿallyksluggish çamanslush lüÿk, laÿsly mekirsmall kiçi, çülpe, külke, maÿda,u?ak, ÿüzleÿ, iri, irlemek, ownuk,ÿalpaksmall boned ejizsmall book kitapçasmall circle kru£ok(r)small drop damdyksmall hammer çapgysmall movement gymyldysmall pox mamasmall sheep toklysmall shovel kebzesmall stack petdesmart akyllysmash kül-peekun etmek,mynjyratmaksmear çalmak, çyr?amaksmell ys, ysgamak, (to smellstrongly) goñursamaksmile ÿylgyrys, ÿyr?armak,ÿylgyrmaksmoke tüsse, tütemeksmoke (give offsmoke) tüsselemeksmoker çilimke?smooth tekiz, ÿylmanak,sypalamak, tekizlemeksmooth out ÿuwmarlamaksmooth woolen cloth mawutsmoothness tekizliksnake ÿylansnake scales gowsnap ?yrkyldy, ?yrkyldamaksnap at jabjynmaksnap one's fingers pitikilemeksnare duzak, hepbiksnatch penjelemeksnatch away towsa götermeksneak bukdaklamaksneeze asgyrmaksnicker hikirdi, hikirdemeksnivel yzlamaksnobbiness ulumsylyksnobby ulumsysnore hor çekmek, hor çekmek,horlamaksnort horlamaksnout tum?uksnow garsnow leopard bars(r)snowstorm boransnowy garlyso beÿle, ?unça, ?eÿle, ?umlukda,?eÿlelik bilen, ?eÿlelikdeso many ?onça, ?unçaso much geregiçe, ?onça, ?unçaso then onsoñsoak ezmek, çümürmek,suwjarmaksoaked myjjykñsoap sabynsoar gaÿmak, pasyrdamaksob horkuldamak, ?umjarmaksober añly, sersagsobriety sersaglyksociable alçaksocial sosial(r)social conscience jemgyÿetçiliksocialism sosialism(r)socialistic sosialstik(r)society jemgyÿetsocks jorapsoft tultuk, ÿum?ak, myssyksoft food siññitlisoft milk product likeyoghurt gatyksoften ÿum?amaksoftness ÿum?aklyksoil kirletmeksolder galaÿylamaksoldier esger, soldat(r)soldierhood soldatlyksole bitewisole (of foot) dabansole of a shoe oltañsolid durnukly, pugta, çydamlysolidarity raÿda?lyksolidly ersmeksolitary ÿekemensolution çözü?, erginsome berentak, birnäçe, käbir,käbiri, pylan, telimsome people käbirisomehow (or other) telli-pellisomeone else's keseki, kesesomersault a?yrsomething new özgeri?sometimes aram-aram, çendan,kämahal, käte, käwagt, hernäsomewhat birhili, hili-bir hilison ogulson-in-law giewsong aÿdymsoon basym, hasyr-husur, hyrra,?aggasoot düÿt, gurumsoothe haÿ-kü?etmek, höre-kö?eetmeksore pe?ehordasorrel çyparsorrow gussa, ökünçsorrowful gynançly, tukat,rehimdar, rehimlisort sort(r), sortlamaksought-after geçginlisoul ÿürek, göwün, ruhsoulless rehimsizsound owaz, ses, üÿn, ?agyrdysounds ses-üÿnsoup çorbasour tur?ysource çe?me, gözba?, pru£in(r),çe?mesouth günortasouthern günortasouthpaw çepbekeÿsouvenir ÿadygärliksowing eki?space seleñspacious böw?eñ, giñi?, giñspan batspangle uçgun, jäjekSpanish ispanspare tyg?ytlamaksparkle uçgun, ÿyldyramak,lowurdamaksparkling ÿalpyldawuksparkly ÿyldyrawuksparrow serçe, serçisparse ÿuwanspeak gürlemek, geplemek,geplemek, sözlemekspeak directly gönülmekspeak highly taryp etmekspeak hoarsely hy££yldamakspeak in Russian rusçalamakspecial ÿörite, ÿöritespecialist spesalist(r)specialize in ÿöriteles?dirmekspecific aÿratyn, udel(r), has,konkret(r)specificity aÿratynlykspecify takyklamakspecimen ekzemplÿar(r), nusgaspectacle toma?aspectacles äÿnekspectator toma?açyspectile spektakl(r)speech çyky?speed çaltlandyrmak, tizlik, ÿöri?speed along dazlamak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 112speed up tizle?dirmek,ÿygjamlatmakspell out konkretle?dirmek(r)spelling orfografiÿa(r)spend harajat etmek, harçlamak,ÿitirmekspend money sowmaksphere ?ar(r), togalakspherical togalakspicy ajyspider leñkewut, möÿspiderweb kerepspigot kran(r)spill çöpleme, dökmekspin egirmek, saramakspinach ysmanakspindle ikspine oñurga, geri?, ÿagyrnyspinner egrijispinning wheel çarh, perikspirit ruh, ?äht, göwün, ruhspirited göwünlyspirits tapspiritual ruhyspit gyllyk, çi?, gagyrmak,tüÿkürrmekspit out gagyrynmakspit up kül-owram (bolmak), külu?akspiteful hyrsyzspittle tüÿküliksplash pürkmek, ?alpyldy,?apyrdy, syçramak, syçratmak,?alpyldamaksplint ?in(r)splinter gyldyrgan, gyÿçaksplit çat, jaÿryk, jaÿrylmak,ÿarylmak, ?akgalamaksplit open çatlamakspoil zaÿalamak, ajatmak,dymjykmak, haraplamak,zaÿalamak, zaÿalanmak,üÿtgediji, isrip bolmakspoil a child sypañ-sermeñspoiled harap, zaÿa, zaÿalananspoils of war oljaspoken geple?ikspool tegek, tigirspoon çemçe, (Yomud) galamsport sport(r)sportsman sportmen(r)spot menek, tegmil, utukspotted fever örgünlispout (of a teapot) jüründikspray dermanlamak, syçratmak,suwlamak, syçramak,sepelemeksprayer suwulçuspread pollamak, çalmak,çogmak, ?abyrdamak, çyr?amakspread out çasyrmak, semek,dü?emek, sermekspread terror möwç almakspring bahar, bulak, gözba?,pru£in(r), ÿaz, çe?me,towusmak, ÿazlykspring forth suddenly zompedip çykakspring up döremeksprinkle pürkmek, sepmeksprout ?itilspur debsilmekspurt zogdyrylmaksputter jazyrdamaksputtering jazyrdyspy içaly, y?yklamak, jyklamaksquare kwadrat(r)squash kädi, itni?iksquat çommalmaksqueak jüÿgüldy, jygyldamak,jygyldy, (of a shoe) jaÿyrdy, (of ashoe) jaÿyrdamaksqueeze sykmaksquelch ?apyrtdatmak,?orpuldatmaksquinty-eyed çasysquirrel belkastab naÿzalamak, pyçaklamakstab with a dagger sançmakstability durnuklylykstabilize pugtalandurmakstable at ÿatak, baldak, durnuklystack küde, küdelemekstadium stadion(r)staff sostaw(r), ?tab(r)stage estrada(r), sahnastage manager rezhissÿor(r)stagger goduklamak,çaÿkanmak, uçmakstagnant ÿatastain menek, tegmil, kirletmekstairs merdiwanstairway merdiwanstale gatystalk sümmülstall atÿatak, dükan, ÿatakstallion aÿgyr, taÿstamp ?tamp(r), çap, metbugat,peçat(r), peçatlamak,güpürdemek, ?tamplamak(r),tarpyldatmak, dürtgüçstamped gerblistamping gürpürdi, patydyr,tapyrdy, tarpyldystand durmak, kuwwatlanmakstand something up jaÿtartmakstand guard garawul durmakstand in file hatar durmakstand in order hatar durmakstand on end çarpaÿa galmak,jaÿtarmakstand on someone's feetsuddenly (?) syçramakstand out jaÿtarmak,tapawutlanmakstand up turmak, gobsynmakstandard norma(r)standardize kadala?dyrmakstanza kuplet(r)star ÿagtylgyç, ÿyldyzstarch krahmal(r), petstare çiñerilmek, petretmek, synetmek, mölerilmek, seretmekstare at jiñkermekstare threateningly alarylmakstare wide-eyed mölertmekstarling sarstart geçmek, döretmek,tisginmekstartle geñirgendirmekstartled geñirgenmekstate ?tat(r)state farm sowhoz(r)stateroom kaÿutastation punkt(r), stansiÿa(r),wokzal(r)statue heÿkelstatute ustaw(r)staunch dözümlisteadfast çiñe, gy?arnyksyz,mizemezsteal ogurlamakstealthy ÿa?yrynsteam bug, tütemeksteel polatsteep diksteering wheel rul(r)stench porsystep gadam, ädimlemek, ätlemek,ätmekstep back çekilmekstep(s) basgançakstep- (mother/father) öweÿsteppe sähra, gyrstick taÿak, çöp, hasa,?epbe?mek, ÿemlemek, (into)ÿapy?dyrmakstick into çümdürmekstick out jaÿtarmak, taÿzarmakstick to ÿapy?makstick togehter süzülmeksticky ?embe?ikstigma tagmastigmatize tagmalamakstill dek, entegem, entek, entäk,ÿalta, ?indi, heniz, hälistillness ÿaltalyksting or bite çakmakstink porsy, kokamakstinker añkawstir bulamak, gymyldamak,gymyldamakstir up against öjükdirmekstirred bulanmakstirrup üzeññistitch petle(r), tikin, depjemekstitch up petlemekstobborness kesirlikstolen talañçylyklystomach a?gazan, garyn, mädestomp dükürdemek,dükürdetmek, tapyrdamakstone ?änik, da?lamakstony da?lystoop egmekstop säginmek, togtamak,duruzmak, (bus) duralgastopper dykystopping place dü?elgestorage zapas(r)store dükan, saklamakstorehouse sklad(r)storm gaÿ, gom, tupan

Turkmen/English Dictionary 113story erteki, hekaÿa, hekaÿat,powest(r), kyssa, rowaÿat,(floor) etazh(r)stove plita(r)straight göni, zowwam, dogrystraight toward bakastraighten endiganlamak,dikeltmekstraighten oneself dikelmekstraighten out gönelmekstraighten up dograltmakstraightforward gönümelstrain gypjyndyrmak, tagalla,tagma, süzmek, tijemek,tijenmekstrain oneself maÿrylmakstrained ÿitile?mekstraining dyzamakstraining spoon kengirstrange birhili, geñ, delstrap kemerstrategem pirimstratum toparstraw sypalstraw colored melestraw samankelle=stupid samanstrawberries klubnika(r)streak çylgymstream akar, akym, syrykmak,çüwdürmekstreet köçestreetcar tramwaÿ(r)strength gaÿrat, güÿç,kuwwatlylyk, mydar, ysgyn, zarp,berklik, hal, kuwwat, mejal, tapstrengthen bekemek, gatalkmak,güÿçlenmek, güÿjemek,mäkämlemek, zarplandyrmakstress omzamakstretch tijemek, tijenmek,batlandyrmakstretch out süÿnmek,süÿndürmek, uzatmakstrike patlamak, pylçamak,çakny?mak, urmakstring ÿüp, düzmekstrip çylgym, çykyrynmakstrip off ÿolmakstripe çyzmykstriped zolaklystrive hysyrdamak, çytala?makstrive to overpass çapy?makstroll gezelenç, gezende, gezim,gezelenç etmek, seÿran etmek,sümsünmek, aÿlanjyramak,gezmek, (in open air) ÿelejiräpgelmekstrong daÿaw, gurply, güÿçli,kuwwatly, mäkäm, ykjam, zaply,zor, berk, gatystructure desgastruggle uru?makstrum tiññirdemek, tiññirdetmekstrut diregstrutting gaÿkystubborn keç, keçjal, kejir, kesir,ketje, höçjetstubborness höçjetlik, keçlikstucco plaster suwagstuck in a knot çigmekstudent kursant, student(r)studenthood studentlykstudies okuwstudio ussahanastudy kabinet(r), okamakstuff nalamak, gamla?dyrmak,ÿuwa?amak, dykmak,ÿepbe?dirmekstuff oneself doÿmakstuffiness peti?likstuffy kapas, peti?stumble on büdremekstump töññestunted gyrymsystupid akylsyz, gagal, samsyk,akmak, keçje, tünt, tentekstupidity akmaklyk, akylsyzlyk,keçjelik, ÿeñilkellelikstutter sakynmakstutterer sakawstyle fason(r), stil(r), hil, moda(r),tip(r)subdivision podrazdelenie(r)subject tema(r), (of a sentence)ÿönekmesubmit goÿmaksubordinate tabynsubordination tabynlyksubscribe ÿazylmaksubscriber abunaçysubscription abuna, ÿazylysyksubside rahatlanmak, ünjalmak,saÿpallamaksubstance maddasubstitute täzelenmeksubvert maÿyrmaksubway metro(r), metropoliten(r)subzero minus(r)success oñ, üstünlik, ?owsuccessful rowaç, sowly, ?owly,ÿeti?ikli, netijelisuccessively uçdantutma, yzlyyzynda,yzygiderisuccessor mirasçysuch ?eÿle, zeÿilli, beÿle, ?ekillisuck sokjamak, emmek, sormaksuckle naharlamaksudden duÿdansyz, tarpa, tarpataÿyn,zaplysuddenly birden, tapba, zompasue sudla?maksuffer çydamak, horluk çekmek,horlyk çekmek, jepa çekmek,surnukmaksuffering görgi, hupbat, pis,heläkçilik, horluksuffering from acough üsgülewuklisuffice garbamak, ÿetmeksufficient bolelenliksuffix go?ulmasuffocate bogulmaksugar gant, ?ekersugar-beet ?eker çinrigisugary gantly, süÿjisuit kostÿum(r), geli?meksuitable ÿaramly, kemallysuitcase çemedan(r)sulfur kükürtsullen çytyksultriness çogsultry jokrama, peti?sum jemsum up jemlemek,umumyla?dyrmaksummer tomussummer-house dalbarsummon kösemek, çagyrmaksummons powestka(r)sun günsunburn güne?lemekSunday ÿek?enbesunflower günebakarsunflower seed çigitsunny güne?lisunrise günüñ dogmagysunset günüñ ÿa?magysunshine güne?, parlaksuperficial ÿüzleÿsupple maÿyçgaksupply üpjünetmeksupport arkala?yk, daÿanç,goldaw, söÿget, tekge,arkadaÿänç, tutmak, ÿagyrniçlik,goldamak, gollamaksupported arkalysupporter tarapdar, tarapdar,ÿaran, söesuppose çaklamak, çenlemek,osmak, oÿlamak, öÿtmeksupposed hyÿallysuprise haÿransure hatyrjem, ynamlysurety zamunsurface ke?bi, üst, ÿüzsurgeon hirurg(r)surgery hirurgik(r)surname familiÿa(r)surprise geñirgendirmeksurprising geñsurround egelenmeksurroundings da?-töwerek,töwereksurveillance idegsurvey synsuspect ?übhelenmeksuspend täsgenmekswaddling clothes gundagswallow ÿuwdunmak, ÿuwutmak,garlawaçswamp süÿge?iklik, batgaswampy süÿge?ikswan güwswarm sülenmeksway ykjamakswear (curse) söwmekswear out käemekswear word sögünçsweat der, hyssyldamak,derlemekSwede ?wed(r)sweep süpürmek, togalanmak,sübcelemek, süpürmek, syrmak,tigirlenmeksweet lezzetli, nabat, süÿji, süÿji,?irin, lezzetli

Turkmen/English Dictionary 114sweet tooth süÿjiçilswell çismek, pakgarmak,pökremek, çi?irmekswell up gübermekswelling çi?swift zaplyswift attack zarbaswift-footed çusswiftly okgunlyswiftness çaltlykswim dü?ünmek2, ÿüzmekswimmer ÿüzüjiswindler kezzapswing hiññildik, hiññilik,sallançak, uçurmak, ykjamak,yralamak, yramak, yranmak,yrañ atmakswirl burugsamakswitch wyklÿuçatel(r), çybykswitch off öçürmekswitch over dönmeksycophancy ÿaranjañlyksycophant ÿaranjañsyllable bogunsymbol simbol(r)symbol nysansympathetic dözümsiz,duÿguda?sympathy duÿguda?lyksynonym sinonim(r)synopsis kospekt(r)syntax sintaksis(r)synthesis sintez(r)synthetic sintaktik(r),synthetika(r)system sistema(r)systemize sistemle?dirmekTt-shirt maÿka(r)table stol(r), tablisatablet tabletka(r)tactic taktika(r)tahya tahÿatail guÿruktailor biçimçi, biçmek, tikinçitake almaktake a bite tam?anmaktake aresponsibility borçlanmaktake a rest dynç almaktake a view of ÿaltaklamaktake advantage of haÿyrlanmaktake aim nysan almak,ny?analamaktake aim at çenemektake an oath kasam içmektake apart aralamak, sökmektake away äkitmektake care of sagdynla?dyrmak,aÿamaktake for a walk gezdirmektake inaccount hasap etmektake it! me!take leave of ho?la?maktake off çykyrynmak, çykarmaktake offence öÿkelemektake out çykarmaktake pains emgemektake prisoner tussag etmektake refuge halas bolmaktake revenge ar almaktake shelter yklamaktake up arms ÿaraglanmaktake with a fork ?aramaktaken inaccount hasaplanmaktale beÿan, beÿanamatalent talant(r), zehin, ukyptalented talantly(r), zehinli, ökde,ukyplytalisman of camel hair alajatalk gep, gürrüñ, gep-gürrüñ,geple?mek, my?-my?, ?iwe,madyrdamak, ÿamanlamaktalk back sana?maktalk into göwnetmektalkative lakgy, geplem?ektall belent, uzyn, ÿokarytally hasap, hasaptally up hasamak, hasaplamaktame ekdi, eldektan eÿlemektangerine mandarintangle ÿumaktangled hair ime?mektank bak, tank(r)tantalize güjeñlemektap bulak, kran(r)tape recorder magnitofon(r)taper çürelmektar garaÿag, tar, ?epbiktardiness äwmezliktarget ny?anatart talhtask mesele, wezipetassel gotaztassle penjetaste tagam, dadyrmak, datmaktasty tagamly, ?irintattered ele?antatters ?ylhatax salmaktaxi taksi(r)tea çaÿtea-house çaÿhanatea-lover çaÿke?tea-pot kitirteach okatmak, öwretmek,öwretmekteacher mugallym, halypa,okudyjyteacher (female) mugallymateam komanda(r), kollektiw(r)teapot çäÿnek, çäÿniktear ütmek, ÿyrtylmaktear off goparmak, sypyrmak,üzmek, üzülmek, ÿyrtmaktear off a piece dömmektear pieces tüÿt-müÿt etmekteardrop ÿa?, göz ÿa?, gözÿa?tease güjeñlemektechnical tehniki(r)technical school tehnikum(r)technician tehnik(r)technique tehnika(r)telegram telegramma(r)telegraph telegraf(r),telegrafirlemek(r)telephone jañ etmek, telefonetmektelevision telewizion(r)temperate maÿdaltemperature temperatura(r),ÿylylyk, gyzgyntempered taplanmaktempest tupantemporary wagtlaÿyntemptation sapten onten (noun) onlukten days ongunlykten years onÿyllyktender näzik, ynjyktender-hearted ÿuka ÿürektending idegtennis tennis(r)tense dartgynlytent çadyr, palatka(r), çatmatenth onunjytenure stazh(r)term adalga, termin(r)term of office möhletterminal polÿus(r)terminator istrebitelterminology terminologiÿa(r)termite tagtabititerrible elhençterritory territoriÿa(r)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 115terror wehimterrorism terrorizm(r)test synag, kösenmek, synamaktether dañytext tekst(r)thank you sag bol, spasiba(r)that kä, ?ol, ?uthat is to say... ÿagnythat's why babatdan, ötrithatch sypalthaw eremekthe back end ÿeñçetheater (film) kinoteatr(r)theatre teatrtheft ogrulyk, ogurlyk, talañ,talañçylykthematic tematic(r)theme tema(r)then onda, hany, ?eÿlelik bilen,?eÿlelikde, soñtheorem teorema(r)theoretic teoretiki(r)theory teoriÿa(r)therapeutic terapewtik(r)therapist terapewt(r)there beÿläk, hanha, holha,honhatherefore ötri, çünkithermometer termometr(r)thermos termos(r)thesis eserthey olarthick çi?ik, galyñ, gür, küti, syk,ÿygy, goÿry, goÿy, ÿogynthick-headed körzehinthicken galñamak, goÿalamkthicket löderethickness galyñlyk, goÿulyk,kütülik, töpthief ogry, ogrythieve ogramakthigh butthimble oÿmak, ÿüwsethin hor, hor, igli, inçe, suwuk,ÿuka, inçesagtthin out ÿekelemekthin rug palas(r)thing zatthings go?, zatlarthink pikir etmek, öÿtmek,pikirlenmek, saÿmakthink hard öl?ermekthink out tapmakthink upon ikirjinlemekthinness ÿukalykthird üçünjithirst te?nelikthirsty te?nethirtieth otuzynjythirty otuzthis bu, ?uthis side of bärithistle garamandalakthorn tikenthorny tikenlithoroughfare magistralthought pikir, añ, oÿthousand müñthread düzmek, ötürmek, sapakthread a needle sapmakthreat haÿbatthreaten çenemekthree üç, üçlükthreshing döwekthreshold bosagathriftless bisarpathrive pajalamakthroat bokyrdak, damak, bogazthrob syzlamak, tyrkyldamak,tyrkyldatmak, bükgüldemekthrob,beat sorkuldmakthrong üÿ?meleñthrough zowwamthrough and through parranthroughout parran, bütinthrow atmak, keseklemek,zyñmakthrow stones at da?lamakthrow up gusmakthrow with force ta?lamakthrown ta?landythrust çümmekthump gürsüldemekthunder gürrüldemek,taññyrdamak, gübürdemek,gümmürdemekThursday pen?enbethus ?eÿlelik bilen, ?umlukdaticket bilet(r)tickle gyjyk, gyjyklamaktidy up ÿygna?dyrmaktie arabaglan?yk, aragatna?yk,dañy, bogmak, danmak,dañmak, örklemek, köjemek,saramaktie an animal's four legstogether) güÿlmektie together çitmek, çatmaktie up (specifically güÿlmektie with a belt gu?amaktiger gaplañtight gysbytighten büzmektill sürmektillage sürüm, ?üdügärtime zaman, gezek, esse, halat,mahal, möwrit, pursat, wagt,ÿola, çen, döwür, gaÿtatime-sheet tabel(r)timeless ölmez-ÿitmeztimes öwretimid tez, ürkek, gorkak, ÿygratimidity gorka, ÿygralyktin galaÿytingle ( jüm?üldemektingling jüm?ülditiny çülpe, ujypsyztiny fishbones gylçyktire ?in(r), ejizlemek, ÿadamak,ysgynsyzlanmak, ÿaltanmaktire out ÿadatmaktired argyn, ÿadawtireless ÿadawsyztissue paper sorguçtitle sözba?y, adalgatoady ÿaranjañtobacco temmäkitoe barmaktoes daraklyktogether bile, bilelikde, birlikde,?äriklitoil emgenmektoilet hajathanatoken £eton(r)tolerance çydamlylyktolerant çydamlytomasauce tomat(r)tomato pomidor(r)tomb gubur, görtome tom(r)tomorrow ertirton tonna(r)tone äheñ, üÿn, jyññyrdytongs äti?gir, gysgyçtongue-twister ÿañyltmaçtoo hem, #NAME?too much a?atool abzal, esbap, guraltooth di?top çür depesi, depe, ÿokarky,üsttorch panystorment çekelemek, heläklemek,azap, heläkçilik, horluk, emgektorn ele?an, ÿyrtyktorso göwre, korpus(r)torture görgülik, güzap, azap,çekelemek, görgi, heläklemektoss oklamak, urunmak,keseklemektotal jemtotal darkness hüÿt-garañkytotally tutu?laÿyntotally halys, tutu?lagynatouch degmek, ellemektouch up y?yklandyrmaktouchy öÿkelektough gaÿymtoungue diltour gastrol(r)tourist turist(r)touristic turistictournament tunir(r)tousle saÿmaktow tartmak, çekmektowel polotenste(r)tower wy?ka(r)toy oÿnawaç, oÿunjak, gurjaktrace yzarlamak, yztrack rels(r)track down yzarlamaktractor traktor(r)tractor driver traktorçy(r)trade hünär, senet, söwdatrade union profsoÿuz(r)trader söwdagartradition dessur, däp, däpdessur,ÿörelgetraffic gatnawtragedy tragediÿa(r)tragic tragiki(r)train türgenle?mek, otly,çemelenmektrain a horse seÿislemektrained türgen

Turkmen/English Dictionary 116trainer trener(r)training türgenle?iktrait çyzyktraitor dönük, haÿyn, içalytramp ykmandatramping tapyrdytrample basgalamak, depelemek,depgilemek, paÿdyrmak,tarpyldatmaktrampling tarpyldytranquility imisalalyktransfix çümmektransformation ÿüzlenmetransgress ätlemektransition geçistransitory göçmetranslation perewod(r), terjimetranslator terjimeçitransplantation peresadka(r)transport ulag, çüwektransportation transport(r)trap gapantrash zibil, hapatravel syÿahat etmektraveller syÿahatçytravels syÿahattreachery dönüklik, ähtiÿalanlyktreason haÿynlyktreasure hazynatreasury hazynatreat bejermek, hödür etmek,hödürlemek, sagdynla?dyrmaktreatment bejergitreaty wadala?yktree bagtremble digden eklemek,endiremek, gag?amak,galdyramak, müñküldemek,sandyramak, tibirdemek,titremek, titrewuk, zagyrdamaktrembling sandyrawuktremendous mähnettremors galpyldytrend ugurtresspass on hyÿanat etmektresspassing hyÿanatçylyktresspassor hyÿanatçytrial synagtriangle üçburçluktribe asyl, taÿpa, tiretribune tribuna(r)tribute salgyttrick pirimtrickery ?eÿtanlyktrifling ownukçyltrinket ?aÿylyktrip syÿahat, syÿahat, reÿs(r)tripod kössektritel lenç bolmaktrolley trolleÿbus(r)trophies oljatropic ÿodatropical ÿodatrot selpemek, gezertrouble azar, bozgaklyk, hyllalla,ünji, hasrattrouble-maker bozgaktroubled aladaly, gowgaly, läbiktroubles hysyrdy, agyry, aladatrough ahyrtrouser-leg gonçtruancy progultruck gruzovik(r), ÿuk ma?inatrue çyn, dogrudan, dogry,wepaly, idilitruly dogrusytrump ?ifirlemek(r)trunk göwre, hortum, korpus(r),(of a tree) niltrust ynanmaktrustee hossar, hossartrusteeship hossarlyktrusting ynanjañtruth hakykat, wepa, ynsaptry çytala?mak, dyrja?mak,janykmak, synanmak, synanmaktry on deñemektry out kösenmektubby person gipdenektube trubka(r), truba(r)tuck up çyzgmak, çermemekTuesday si?enbetuft çogdantug dartmaktulip çigildemtulle tÿul(r)tumor berç, çi?tun çelektundra tundra(r)tune heñ, heñ, üÿntunnel tonnel(r)turban selleTurk türkturkey indÿuk(r)Turkish türkiTurkmen türkmenTurkmeness türkmençilikturn nobat, öwrüm, aÿlamak,hozanaklamak, sowulmak,towlamak, dolamak, tow, ÿöneli?,aÿlanmak, towlanmak, dönmek,gezek, (a corner) gorsamak, (ina game) göçturn brown goñralmakturn down a light öçürmekturn for ÿönelmekturn for the worse erbetlemekturn gray çalarmakturn inside out çöwrülmekturn off a light söndürmekturn oneself over öwrülmekturn out ogu?ÿaturn over dörü?dirmek,dündermek, çöwrülmekturn something öwürmekturn sour müzzermek, tur?amakturn to ÿüz tutmak, ÿüzlenmekturn up çermemek, çyzgmakturn upside-down agdar-duñderetmek, dünderilmekturn-coat dönükturnip ?algamturnpike ?osse(r)turret wy?ka(r)turtle py?baga, py?dyltutor terbiÿeçituyduk tüÿdüktweak çirtmek, çümmüklemektwentieth ÿigriminjitwenty ÿigrimitwig pudaktwigs ot- çöptwin ekiztwinkle ÿylpyldamaktwinkling lampatwirl pyrlamak, tirlemek,tirlendirmektwist burmak, pyrlamak, tirlemek,tirlendirmek, towlanmak,bükdürmek, towlamak,ÿygyrmak, çyrpynmaktwist oneself pyrlanmaktwisted towlytwo go?a, ikitwo-faced ikiÿüzlitwo-sided apbasy, ikiÿanlaÿyntwo-year ikiÿyllykTyg ÿarasy biter tygtype ?rift(r), tip(r)type of illness inçekeseltype of melon zamçatype of tree sazaktypesetter ÿygyjytyphys garahassalyk, örgünlitypical tipik(r), tipleÿin(r)typist ma?inistka(r)tyrannical zalymtyranny zalymlyk, zulum, edenetdiliktyrant zalym

Turkmen/English Dictionary 117Uudder emjekugliness ?umroÿlukugly bedroÿ, betgel?ik, betnysan,edrenç, ?umroÿUighur (nationality) uÿgurUkranian ukrain(r)ulcer pe?ehordaunanswerable jogapsyzunavoidability alaçsyzlykunbiased obÿektiw(r)unbutton ÿazdyrmakuncertain alasarmyk, aljyraññy,gümanaunchanged köneçeuncle daÿy, däde, dÿadÿa(r),(Balkan dialect) kakaunclear dü?nüksizuncomfortable amatsyz, bijaÿ,çemesizunconscionable naÿynsapunconscious beÿhu?, ynsapsyzunconsciousness ynsapsyzlykunconsidered gümürtikuncoordinated dagynykuncultured edepsizunculturedness edepsizlikundecided ikigöwünliunder köw salmakunder duress nalaçunderage kiçiundergarments içki-geÿimundergo synamakunderground ÿerastyunderline nyglamakunderstand añsyrmak,dü?ünmek1, görmek, añmakunderstand eachother dü?üni?mekunderstandable dü?nükliunderstudy orunbasaryundertaking kärhanaunderwater suwastyundetermined ikigöwünliundisciplined bidüzgün, tertipsizundistinguished pesunease gozgalañuneasy biynjalykuneconomical bisarpauneducated çalasowat, jahylunemployed i?sizunemployment i?sizlikuneven tersunexpected oslagsyz, tarpaunfair ynsapsyzunfairness ynsapsyzlykunfamiliar näbeletunfamiliarity näbeletçilik,näbeletlikunfasten ÿazdyrmakunfavorable oñaÿsyzunfortunate person görgüliunfortunately gynansamdaunfounded esassyzunhealthy näho?, näsaguniform endigan, forma(r)uniformlydistributed birsydyrgynuninformative dereksizunintentionally nalaçuninterrupted üznüksizunion birle?ik, soÿuzunique aÿraunison jebislik, baglany?ykunit birlikunite birikmek, birle?dirmek,utga?makunited baglany?ykly, baglaÿjy,birle?en, utga?ykunited under God tañrybiruniversal bütindünÿa,ählumumy, uniwersal(r)universe älem-jahanuniversity uniwersitÿet(r)unjust ynsapsyzunknowable näbileÿinunknowing bilmezlikunknown bilmezden, näbelli,nämälim, nätany?, näbeletunknown property amanatunlawful kanunsyzunleash çözmek, tuta?dyrmakunleavened bread petir(r)unlimited ymgyrunlit garañkyunload bo?atmakunloved gadyrsyzunmotivated dereksizunmoving dekunnecessary gereksizunpleasant mähirsizunpopulated çolaunquestionable soragcyz,?übhesizunquestionably ?eksizunreasonable sebäpsizunrest oñ?uksyzluk, ünji,ynjalyksyzlykunrestricted erkanaunrestrictedly erkinunripe çigunruly tertipsizunsatisfactory kanagatlanlarlykszunscrupulous naÿynsapunshakable mizemezunsigned golsuzunskilled emelsizunsociable ÿekemen,garasöÿmezunspoiled syrdambitinunspoken gürrüñsizunsuccessful netijesiz, ÿeti?iksizunsuitable ÿetmezçilikunswerving gy?arnyksyzuntalented zehinsizuntangle çözlemekuntie çözmekuntil çenli, deñeç, täuntil now henizuntil one dies ölinçauntil satisfied doÿauntilled bozuntouchable sarsmazuntrue biwepauntruthful galatunused bo?unusual del, seÿrekunwaivering mizemezunweildy gabaunworthy nälaÿykupbringing terbiÿe, terbiÿeleÿi?upkeep saklaÿy?, mazmunupon the cross atanaklaÿynupper ÿokarkyupper part üstuprising gozgalañurge haÿdatmakurgent gaÿragolulmasyz,gyssagly, möhletli, derwaÿys,ynandyryjyurgently gyssagurine pe?ewurn around sowmakuse peÿda, ulanmak, ÿaratmak,haÿyruse up harajat etmekused up ÿolgalmakuseful peÿdalyuseless biderek, peÿdasyz,ÿaramazusual adatyusually köplençutensils gapgaçutilize ulanmakUzbek özbek

Turkmen/English Dictionary 118Vvacation kanikul(r), dynç almakvaccine waktsina(r)vagabond segezdan, ykmanda,sergezdanvague ÿa?yrynvain ba?agaÿ, nähak, ?öhratparaz,howaÿyvalley dere, jülgevalour edermenlikvaluable gymmatly, ?aÿ-sepvanish gürüm-jürüm bolmak,ÿitirim bolmak, ÿitmekvanity ba?agaÿlyk, ?öhratparazlykvanity mirror taganvanquish ÿüwürmek, üstünçykmakvapidity ÿeñilkellelikvapor demvariant wariant(r)variety sort(r)various gaty?yk, dürli-dürlivary çaly?mak, özgertmekvegetable gök önümvegetable(s) ir-iÿmi?vein damarvelour welÿur(r)velvet welwet(r)veneer faner(r)vengance kastvengeance öçventure kärhanaveranda dalan, eÿwanverb i?likverbal harma-harpverdict hökümverse kuplet(r), ?ygyrversed habarlyvertical wertikal(r)very biçak, iññän, örän, öte,uçursyz, artykmaç, ägirt, hut,ÿamanvery much we?eñ-we?eñvery well içginvessel gap, bakveteran weteran(r)veterinary weterinariÿa(r)vex heläklemekvexed hyrsyñy di?lemekvia üsti bilenvibrate yrgyldamak, yrgyldatmakvibration yrgyldyvicinity da?-töwerekvicious scheme gabahatçylykvictor ÿeñijivictory ÿeñi?, bolu?view nazarvigilant hü?gär, sak, eserdeñvillage obavindicate ödemekvinyl record plastinka(r)virgin soil tarpvirtue mertebevirus dümewvisible görnüklivision görü?, gözvisit görme-görü?, wizit(r)vista añ-dü?ünjevital derwaÿysvitamin witamin(r)vodka arakvoice gyl, sesvoid howaÿyvolcano wulkan(r)volleyball woleÿbol(r)volume göwrüm, möçber, tom(r)voluminous göwrümlivoluntary meÿletinvolunteer meÿletinçivomit ögemek, pitirdemek,gusmakvote saÿlowvoter saÿlawçyvow kasam içmek, äht, ?ertvowel çekimli sesvoyage reÿs(r)Wwaddle moÿmuldamakwage war uru?makwagon wagon(r)wail jägildemek, wañkyrmak,närazyçylykwailing jägildiwaist bil, gu?aklykwait gara?makwait for someone garaly?makwaiter ofisian(r)wake someone turuzmak,örüzmekwake up oÿanmakwakefulness ?öwürwaken turuzmakwalk sümsünmek, ÿöremekwalking seÿilwall diwar, haÿat, seññerwallow läshermekwalnut grek hozywander entemek, entreklemek,tentemek, gezmek, seÿranetmekwanderer segezdanwant gereklemek, islemek,islemek, hajatwanting to göwünjeñwar uru?, harbywarbler (bird) jikjikiwardrobe garderob(r), ?kaf(r)warm gyzy?mak, ÿylatmak, maÿyl,mylaÿym, ÿyly, mähirliwarm up çoÿmak, ÿylamak,ÿylynmak, maÿlamakwarm weather maÿyllykwarmth ÿylylykwarn duÿdurmakwarning duÿdury?, howsala,trewoga(r)warrant narÿadwash ÿuwmak, ÿuwundyrmakwash away köwmekwash oneself ÿuwunmakwash with soap sabynlamakwaste harçlamak, ÿitgi, yrÿa,harçlamakwatch synlamak, sagat, sagatwatch over (lit göz-gulak bolmakwatchful hü?gär, idediji, sak,ideg-soragwatchman sakçywater çaÿlamak, suwarmak,suwarmak, ÿa?armak, suw, suw,kompot(r)water boiler semawar(r)water pipe wodoprowod(r)water-dispenser kolonka(r)water-pump kolonka(r)waterfall ?aglawukwatering suwarymwatermelon garpyzwatershed saka, taraz

Turkmen/English Dictionary 119waterskin gowawatery suw, ÿuwanwave bulaÿlamak, salgamak,pasyrdamak, tolkunwaver tykyramak, ÿygrylmakwax mumway alyn, tertip-düzgün, usul,çak, ÿolway back gaÿdy?ynway-to-go berekellawe bizweak asgyn, gow?ak, gujursyz,ejizweaken asgynlamak, gow?amak,haÿallamakweakness asgynlyk, ysgynsyzlykwealth baÿlykwealthy adylweapon ÿaragwear dakynmakwear out könelmek, lejiniçykarmak, süzülmek, tozmak,tüÿdülmek, köneltmek (by use)tozdurmak, tüÿtmekweariness argynlykweather howaweave dokamakweaving dokmawedding caravan gelinalyjywedding gifts atgulakwedding procession gelnalyjywedge pahna, ?indeWednesday çar?enbeweed ha?alweek hepdeweek-long hepdeleÿinweekly hepdelikweep aglamak, eñremekweeping agyweft (carpet-makingterm) argaçweigh semekweight agram, agyrlykweighten agralmakweighty ulyweird syrly, geñweld seplemekwelder keb?irleÿliwell bakaly, guÿy, ho?, ho?,?eÿlelikde, ÿeri, gowy, gurgun,ÿa, düzüwli, ?umlukdawell done tüwelemewell lit ÿagtywell thought out oÿlany?yklywell-being abadançylyk, e?ret,eÿgilik, oñluk, rähnetwell-bred edepli, terbiÿeliwell-deserved rowawell-dressed bezemen, geÿnüwliwell-known belliwell-off gurplywell-to-do üpjünwest günbatarwet ezmek, öllemek, öl, ?alpy-?arañ, çyglywhale kit(r)what to do? nätmekwhat else dagywhat kind? nähiliwhat sort? nätüÿsliwhat? nämewheat bugdaÿ, bugdaÿwheel tigir, çarh, süÿpent,tigirlemekwheelbarrow galtakwhen haçan, näwagtwhere niredewhere? hany, nirewhet taplamakwhich? haÿsy, neneñ, neneñsiwhich number? näçenjiwhile onyançawhim näzwhimsical ynjykwhine iññildemek, yzlamak,yññyldy, izzildemek, yññyldamakwhip gamçylamak, saÿgylamak,gamçywhip up gunu?makwhirl gaÿmalamak, burmak,syramakwhirlpool gipdalwhisper py?yrdamak,wy?yrdamak, py?yrdy, wy?y-wy?ywhistle çyrryldamak, jürletmek,sygyrmak, sygyrmak,?uwwuldamak, ?uwwuldy,gygyrmakwhistling sykyklykwhite akwhite-wash aklamakwhiten aklamakwhitest ap-akwhitewash heklemekwho? kimwhole bitin, bütinwholeness amanwholesale lomaÿ söwda, lomaÿ,lomaÿlygynawholly tutu?whooping cough götsbogmawhy näme üçinwick peltewicked ?umwide giñ, ÿogyn, giñi?widow dul aÿalwidower dulwidth giñlikwife aÿal, heleÿ, ma?galawife and husband ma?galawife's brother bajawiggle çyrpynmakwild hyrawa, ÿabanywild dove gögerçinwilderness jeññelwilfullness özba?yñawill (testament) wesÿetnamawill you lawillingly höwesjeñwillow söwüt, talwilly-nilly bialaçwilt solmak, myssarmakwin utmak, üstün çykmakwind çyrpynmak, ?emal, ÿelwind around çyrlamakwind up keleplemekwinding aÿlawlywindow aÿna, äpi?ge, penjirewindow leaf fortoçka(r)windy ÿelliwine siÿdik, ?erapwine-glass bulgurwineskin tulumwing ganatwink gypmakwinner ÿeñijiwinnings utu?winter gy?wintering gy?lagwintertime gy?ynawipe süpürmekwire simwisdom parasat, paÿhaswise paÿhaslywish arzuw etmek, arzuwlamak,dilemek, myrat, arzuw, meÿilwish for meÿillenmek, küÿsemekwit dilewarwith bilen, de?irmekwith an accent çalgyrtwith caution emaÿ bilenwith effort zordanwith pleasure höwesjeñwith spirit göwnejaÿwith two meanings ikuçlywither çürü?mek, pyssarmak,çalykmakwithered agajetwithin içeriwithout basis esassyzwithout delay zöwwewithout doubt ?eksizwithout end ummasyzwithout hesitation irginsizwithout permission bidin,ygtyÿarsyz, jogapsyzwithstand çydamakwitness ?aÿatwitty dilewarwizard jadygöÿwobble goduklamakwolf böri, möjek, gurtwolfish böriwoman heleÿ, aÿalwoman's jacket kofta(r)wonder añalmakwonderful ajaÿyp, allanäme,täsinwood odun, tokaÿwooded place tokaÿlykwooden hammer tokmakwoodpecker da?de?enwoof argaçwool ÿüñword sözwordless gürrüñsizwork i?lemek, i?lemek, i?, i?work hard emgenmekwork out orna?makwork up owkalamakworker i?çi, i?çiworkshop ussahanaworld dünÿä, älem, jahan, älemjahanworldly dünÿewiworm gurt, gurçukwormwood kekreworrisome gaÿgylyworry darykmak, gaÿgy etmek,zowzuldamak,

Turkmen/English Dictionary 120ynjalyksyzlanmak, gaÿgy,tolguny?ykworry someone tolgundyrmakworse beterworsen beterlemek, gaÿralmak,ÿaramazla?makworship ba?egmek, ba?egmeworthless biderek, birehim,warakworthy rowaworthy (of) mynasypworthy of blame aÿypwound kesdirmek, ÿaralamak,zarbykdyrmak, ÿarawounded ÿaraly, pers-alawow bäwow! oh! gosh! bewrap dolamak, saramakwrap around dañmakwrap up çyrmamak, çolamakwrapper dolagwreak havoc möwç almakwrestle göre?mekwrestling göre?, sambowretch pahyr, ?ermendewrinkle epilmekwrinkle bürmek, çytmak, gasyn,ÿygyrmakwrinkled mürçük, mürrük, ÿygyrt,agajetwrist go?arwrite ÿazmakwriter kyssaçy, ÿazyjywriting ÿazuw, hatwritten work eserwrong bimamla, nädogry, keçjewrong side çöwreXX-ray(s) rentgen(r)Yyard howly, mellek, da?yarn ÿüpyawn pallamak, palyear ÿylyear before last öññilyear by year ÿylsaÿynyellow sary, meleyellowest sap saryyellowish saryÿagyzyelp çuñsamakyes hawayesterday düÿnyesterday's düÿnkiyet entegem, entek, entäk, heniz,?indiyield (cotton) çäçyo äheyyoghurt süzmeyou sen, (plural or formal) sizyoung körpe, ÿa?young and old alike uly-kiçiYoung Communist komsomol(r)young girl gelinyoung people juwanyoung/little donkey kürreyounger brother jigiyounger sister-in-law baldyzyour way seniñçe, sizingçeyouth juwan, juwanlyk, ÿa?lyk,ÿigitlik

Turkmen/English Dictionary 121Zzeal yhlas, höweszealous yhlaslyzero nol(r)zinc sink(r)zone zona(r)zoo haÿwanat bagyzoological zoologik(r)zoology zoologiÿa(r)Contents of the Appendix1.0 Brief Introduction to the Turkmen Language1.1 The Alphabets1.2 Brief Dicussion of the Alphabets1.3 Learning the New Alphabet1.4 Learning the Cyrillic Alphabet1.5 Vowel Harmony1.6 Long and Short Vowels1.7 Vocal Transformations2.0 The Case System2.1 Cases of Pronouns3.0 Verbs3.1a- Present Comprehensive, long form3.1b - Present Comprehensive, short form3.2a - Present Perfect3.2b - Present Perfect (negative)/Habitual Present (negative)3.3 - Future Certain3.4 - Future Indefinite3.5 - Conditional3.6 - Past Definite3.7 - Obligatory Form3.8 - Imperative Forms3.9 - Intentional Form4.0 Relative Clauses5.0 Cases and their suffixes5.1 Possessive Suffixes6.0 The Absolute Posessive7.0 Nouns in Direct Relation8.0 Coparatives & Superlatives9.0 Some Unusual Structures in Turkmen Grammar10.0 Go?ylmalar10.1 Passive10.2 Reflexive10.3 Reciprocal10.4 Causitive11.0 Four Important Modal Verbs: otyr, ÿatyr, dur, ÿör12.0 Selected Suffixes and Prefixes12.1 -çy/-çi12.2 -dar12.3 -ke?12.4 -siz/-suz/-syz12.5 -lik/-lük/-lyk/-luk12.6 The prefix bi-

Turkmen/English Dictionary 12212.7 -daky/-däki13.0 Expressing Needs and Desires14.0 Indicating Possibility: mümkin15.0 -dygy/ digi16.0 Double Verbs16.1 Expressing Ability: -p/-yp/-ip bilmek16.2 Doing an Action for Someone: -p/-yp/-ip bermek16.3 Attempted Action: -p/-yp/-ip görmek16.4 Anticipated Action: -jak/-jek bolmak

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1231.0: Brief Introduction to the Turkmen LanguageThe Turkmen Language belongs to the greater family of Turkiclanguages. The Turkic languages, together with the Mongolian andManchu-Tungus languages, form the Altaic language group. Specifically,Turkmen is included in the sub-group of Southern Turkic languages, alongwith Turkish and Azeri. Among all the Turkic languages, there aresimilar grammatical structures, similar phonetics and some sharedvocabulary.In some ways Turkmen is an easy language to learn. Unlike Russianor Spanish, Turkmen has no genders. There are no irregular verbs. Forthe most parts, words are written exactly as they are pronounced.Finally, Turkmen's grammatical case system is remarkably simple onceunderstood, and has almost no exceptions.The greatest difficulty for beginning Turkmen speakers willprobably be adapting to Turkmen's elaborate system of grammaticalsuffixes, or "tag words" and learning to re-order their speech so thatthe predicate (verb) is the last thing spoken. Also, many simpleEnglish grammatical structures (such as "to have", "to need", or "to beable to") are handled differently in Turkmen.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1241.1 The AlphabetsTäze Elipbi Tkmn Cyrillic English EquivalentAa Aa a, as in fatherÄä ‰´ a, as in catBb Bb bÇç Hh chDd Dd dEe ?/ e, as in eggFf Ff fGg Gg when starting a word, voiced like theEnglish "g" in "go". Within words, voicedlike the throaty "g" in "bag"Hh Xx hIi Ii ee, as in seeJj Ú… jKk Kk kLl Ll lMm Mm mNn Nn nOo Oo o, as in goÖö Øø oo, as in good (approximately)Pp Pp pRr Rr r, pronounced with a trill, as in Russianor SpanishSs Ss sTt Tt tUu Uu u, as in fluteÜü Á¥ like u, but pronounced with rounded lipsand higher in the throatWw Vv w (in Russian words, as v)Yy Yy i, as in sitŸÿ Jj y, as in yesZz Zz zÑñ ?§ ng, as in song£¡ "' zh, as in pleasure (only found in Russianwords)? Ww sh, as in wash?? }] sch, as in fresh cheese (only found inRussian words)(ÿe) Ee ye, as in yes(ÿo) |\ yo, as in yo-yo(ÿa) Qq ya, as in yacht(ts) Cc ts, as in hats

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1251.2 Brief Dicussion of the AlphabetsThe Turkmen alphabet was first written in Arabic, until about1930, when a Latin script was introducted. The Latin script wasreplaced in 1940 when all Turkic people in the Soviet Union wererequired to adopt the Cyrillic script. Finally, in 1995, the "TäzeElipbiÿi" or New Alphabet, was formally introduced by the President tore-align Turkmenistan with the non-Soviet world. (Similar new alphabetshave been introduced in Uzbekiztan and other republics.)The New Alphabet is currently used for street signs and politicalslogans, but there is a severe deficit of other reading materials.Almost all Turkmen books in print use the Cyrillic alphabet, and despitethe national-wide trainings that have taken place, and televisedinstructional programs, the New Alphabet has yet to gain popularacceptance.1.3 Learning the New AlphabetThe new alphabet is much easier for native English speakers toread and understand than is the Cyrillic, and also seems better suitedto the Turkmen language. For this reason we have used it in the grammardiscussions of this text. Most all letters are pronounced more or lesslike their English counterparts. The unusual letters are as follows:New Turkmen English EquivalentAa always the long a, as in "father"Ää always the short a, as in "cat"Çç ch, as in "cheese"Gg when starting a word, voiced like the English "g" in "go".Within words, voiced like the throaty "g" in "bag"Ii ee, as in seeOo always the long o, as in goÖö oo, as in good but rounderRr r, pronounced with a slight trillUu always the long u, as in fluteÜü like u, but pronounced with rounded lips and higher in thethroatWw w, as in "water" (in Russian words, v, as in "very")Yy i, as in sitŸÿ y, as in yesÑñ ng, as in song£¡ zh, as in pleasure (only found in Russian words)? sh, as in wash

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1261.4 Learning the Cyrillic AlphabetThe Cyrillic Alphabet is a little disorienting at first, sincemany of the letters seem like English counterparts, but they're actuallynot. The Cyrillic alphabet is also not ideally suited to Turkmen, andas a solution to this, several distinctly Turkic characters are presentin the Turkmen Cyrillic alphabet that not present in Russian Cyrillic.Also, several Russian Cyrillic characters are only found in words takenfrom Russian.Five characters look and sound approximately like their Englishcounterparts. These are:Cyrillic EnglishAa long a, as in "father"Kk kMm mOo long o, as in "go"Tt tThe following eight characters might look like English letters,but unfortunately they're different.Cyrillic EnglishVv w, as in "water" (in Russian words, as v, as in "very")Ss s, as in "see"Ee at the beginning of a word, ye, as in yes (with the "y") Inthe middle or at the end of the word, usually as e, as in"egg"Nn n, as in "no"Rr r, pronounced with a trill, as in SpanishXx h, as in "hot", but throatierUu long u, as in "flute"Á¥ like u, but pronounced with rounded lips and higher in thethroat

Turkmen/English Dictionary 127The following 22 characters look unlike anything in seen inwritten English, though some bear striking resemblance to kindergartenexperiments:‰´ short a, as in "cat"Bb b, as in "ball"Hh ch, as in "cheese"Dd d, as in "dog"?/ e, as in "egg" (almost exclusively used at the beginning ofwords)Ff f, as in "fire"Gg when starting a word, voiced like the English "g" in "go".Within words, voiced like the throaty "g" in "bag"Ii ee, as in "see"Ú… j, as in "jump"Ll l, as in "lye"Øø oo, as in good, but rounder (approximately)Pp p, as in "pi"Yy i, as in "sit"Jj y, as in "yes"Zz z, as in "zoo"?§ ng, as in "song""' zh, as in "pleasure" (only found in Russian words)Ww sh, as in "wash"}] shch, as in "fresh cheese" (only found in Russian words)|\ yo, as in "yo-yo"Qq ya, as in "yacht"Cc ts, as in "hats"1.5 Vowel HarmonyOne very interesting feature of Turkmen is that all vowels can bedivided into two groups, the front vowels (inçe çekimli sesler) and theback vowels (ÿogyn çekimli sesler). Front vowels are pronounced higherin the throat and are more nasal, while back vowels are pronounced lowerin the throat and are more guttural. The front vowels are ä, e, i, ö,and ü. The back vowels are a, y, o, and u. The "harmony" lies in thefact that all Turkmen words of Turkic origin are pronounced eitherentirely with front vowels, like kädi (pumpkin) or köwü? (shoes), orwith back vowels, like doganlyk (brotherhood) or mugallym (teacher).Grammatical and verb suffixes also follow vowel harmony, being dividedinto two groups for front-vowel words and back-vowel words. Forexample, the front-vowel plural suffix -ler would be added to kädi toform the word for "pumpkins," whereas the back-vowel plural suffix -larwould be added to mugallym to produce "teachers." In short, frontvowels go with front vowels and back vowels with back. Subsequent

Turkmen/English Dictionary 128suffix appendices will more completely explain applications of thisrule.Turkmen has many Russian words, such as telewizor (television) andradio (radio), that have simply been incorporated into the language.These are spelled exactly according to the original Russian and oftenhave both front and back vowels within one word. Such is true for thenumerous Turkmen words of Persian and Arabic origin, such as kitap(book), dükan (shop), and serdar (leader). In these cases, consistentwith the general rule for vowel harmony in Turkmen, the final vowel ofthe word determines the vowel harmony for suffixation.Verbs in Turkmen adhere consistently to vowel harmony. All verbsbelong to one of two groups determined by their infinitive forms: thoseending in -mak, and those ending in -mek. The suffixes for all -makverbs have only back vowels, whereas only front vowels will be found inthe suffixes of -mek verbs. Examples of this will follow in theexplanations of verb tenses.1.6 Long and Short VowelsAnother interesting feature of Turkmen is the use of long andshort vowels. Short vowels are like those in English, like the a in"bar." Long vowels simply require pronouncing short vowels for theduration of two vowels. Often this difference in duration is all thatdistinguishes the meanings of two words, as in the pairs below:SHORTLONGat horse at namegyz get excited! (imperative) gyz girlbil know! (imperative) bil waistot grass ot fireöç extinguish! (imperative) öç revengegurt curd, dry cheese gurt wolf, wormdü? come down! (imperative) düÿ? dream

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1291.7 Vocal TransformationsCertain consonat combinations are rendered differently in spokenTurkmen than their written forms would indicate. For example, the nd ofmende (on my person) is pronounced "nn" when spoken (menne). Thefollowing chart will illustrate these combinations and examples with thespoken transformations rendered in the new alphabet.Written Spoken Written SpokenTranslation_________________n + d nn sende senne on your personl + d ll aldym allym I tookz + d zz agyzda agyzza in the mouths + d ss bäsde? bäsde? rivals + t ss üsti üssi top, surface? + j ?? go?jak go??ak will addz + s ss ÿazsyn ÿassyn let him writet + s ss gitse gisse if she goest + ç çç parahatçylyk parahaççylyk peaceç + s ?s açsa a?sa if it opensç + l ?l açlyk a?lyk hunger, famineç + d ?d geçdik ge?dik we passedç + j ?? içjek i??ek will drinkg + b gw bagban bagwan gardener2.0 The Case SystemLike Russian or German, Turkic languages have a system ofgrammatical cases. Cases are defined by changes that occur to a wordwhen it is placed in different grammatical context. English has casesfor personal prounouns. For example: "I see him", "He sees me". Not:"Me sees he", "Him sees I". Turkmen, however, has six cases, and thesecases are used for all words, not just personal prounouns. The sixTurkmen cases are: the nominative, used for the subject of the sentence;the possessive, similar to English possessives; the dative, used to showdirected action; the accusative, which is similar to the English "directobject"; the time/place, which shows locality; and the instrumental,which is used to show origin.While six cases might seem a bit overwhelming at first, it shouldbe noted that the case suffixes simply replace our English prepositionssuch as "from," "at," "with," "in," "on," and "to". Also, the rules fortheir use are remarkably simple and inflexible, unlike those of theRussian cases.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1302.1 Cases of PronounsThese follow fairly straightforwardly from the regular caseendings. The only unusual exceptions being the mutation of ol to on inall cases, and the dative pronouns maña, saña, and oña.Nomnative menIPoss.meniñmysenyou(singularinformal)seniñyourolhe, she,itonyñhis, her,itsbizwebiziñoursizyou(pluralorformal)siziñyourolartheyolaryñtheirDativemaña˜to mesaña˜to youoña˜to him,her, itbize˜to ussize˜to youolara˜to themAccus.meni˜ meseni˜ youony˜ him,her, itbizi˜ ussizi˜ youolary˜ themT/Placemende˜ upon mesende˜ uponyouonda˜ uponhim, her,itbizde˜ upon ussizde˜ uponyouolarda˜ uponthemInstrum.menden˜ from mesenden˜ fromyouondan˜ fromhim, her,itbizden˜ from ussizden˜ fromyouolardan˜ fromthem

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1313.0 VerbsLike English, Turkmen has a great variety of verb tenses. Verbsin Turkmen are conjugated in plural and singular for first, second, andthird persons. As in Romance languages and Russian, the subject of asentence is often not spoken if it is obvious.Following is a selection of verb tenses and forms. All verbs areconjugated on the model of ÿazmak, to write.3.1a- Present Comprehensive, long formTranslates to the English Present Simple or Present ProgressiveVerb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazÿaryn I write/I am writing. stem +(ÿar)yn +(ÿär)inSen ÿazÿarysyñ You write/You are writing.stem +(ÿar)syñ +(ÿär)siñOl ÿazÿar He writes/He is writing. stem +(ÿar) +(ÿär)Biz ÿazÿarys We write/We are writing stem +(ÿar)ys +(ÿär)isSiz ÿazÿarsyñyz You write/You are writing.stem +(ÿar)syñyz+(ÿär)siñizOlar ÿazÿarlar They write/They are writing. stem +(ÿar)lar +(ÿär)lerTo form the negative, add -ma or -me after the stem:Men ÿazmaÿaryn = I am not writing. I don't write.Men iÿmeÿärin = I am not eating. I don't eat.3.1b - Present Comprehensive, short formTranslates to the English Present Simple or Present ProgressiveVerb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazÿan I write/I am writing. stem +ÿan +ÿänSen ÿazÿañ You write/You are writing.stem +ÿañ +ÿäñOl ÿazÿar He writes/He is writing. stem +ÿar +ÿärBiz ÿazÿas We write/We are writing. stem +ÿas +ÿäsSiz ÿazÿañyz You write/You are writing.stem +ÿañyz +ÿäñizOlar ÿazÿarlar They write/They are writing. stem +ÿarlar +ÿärlerTo form the negative, add -ma or -me after the stem:Men ÿazmaÿan = I am not writing. I don't write.Men içmeÿän = I am not drinking. I don't drink.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1323.2a - Present PerfectTranslates to the English Present Perfect.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazypdyrym I have written. stem +(yp)dyrym (ip)dirimSen ÿazypsyñ You have written. stem +(yp)syñ (ip)siñOl ÿazypdyr He/she has written. stem +(yp)dyr (ip)dirBiz ÿazypdyrys We have written. stem +(ypdyrys (ip)dirisSiz ÿazypsyñyz You have written. stem +(yp)syñyz (ip)siñizOlar ÿazypdyrlar They have written. stem +(yp)dyrlar(ip)dirlerTo form the negative, insert -man or -män in place of the -yp or -ip after thestem in the above endings:Ol ÿazmandyr = He/she has not written.Olar gelmänderler = They have not come.3.2b - Present Perfect (neg.)/Habitual Present (neg.)Translates to the negative English Present Perfect (or to a negativeform of a "Habitual Present Tense")*, as such:Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazamok I have not written. stem +(a)mok +(e)mokSen ÿazañok You haven't written. stem +(a)ñok +(e)ñokOl ÿazanok He hasn't written. stem +(a)nok +(e)nokBiz ÿazamzok We haven't written. stem +(a)mzok +(e)mzokSiz ÿazañzok You haven't written. stem +(a)ñzok +(e)ñzokOlar ÿazanoklar They haven't written. stem +(a)noklar +(e)noklar*These forms can also indicate that a certain activity is generally notperformed by the speaker:Men ÿazamok = I don't write. (as a habit)Men çilim çekemok = I don't smoke. (as a habit)3.3 - Future CertainTranslates to the English Future Simple with the tone of certainty.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazjak I will write. stem +jak +jekSen ÿazjak You will write. stem +jak +jekOl ÿazjak He will write. stem +jak +jekBiz ÿazjak We will write. stem +jak +jekSiz ÿazjak You will write. stem +jak +jekOlar ÿazjak They will write. stem +jak +jekTo form the negative, add -däl after the verb:Men ÿazjak däl = I will not write.Men gitjek däl = I will not go.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1333.4 - Future IndefiniteTranslates to English Future Simple with a tone of probability.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazaryn I (probably) will write. stem +(ar)yn +(er)inSen ÿazarsyñ You (probably) will write.stem +(ar)syñ +(er)siñOl ÿazar He (probably) will write. stem +(ar) +(er)Biz ÿazarys We (probably) will write. stem +(ar)ys +(er)isSiz ÿazarsyñyz You (probably) will write.stem +(ar)syñyz +(er)siñizOlar ÿazarlar They (probably) will write. stem +(ar)lar+(er)lerTo negate, add -m after the stem, except in the third person, where -maz isused.Men ÿazmaryn = I (probably) won't write. Ol ÿazmaz = He (probably) won'twrite.Men gitmerin = I (probably) won't go. Olar gitmezler = They (probably) won'tgo.3.5 - ConditionalExpresses hypothetical situations, used like the English "if". Usuallyfollowed by a statement in the Future Indefinite tense.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazsam If I write... stem +(sa)m +(se)mSen ÿazsañ If you write... stem +(sa)ñ +(se)ñOl ÿazsa If he writes... stem +(sa) +(se)Biz ÿazsak If we write... stem +(sa)k +(se)kSiz ÿazsañyz If you write... stem +(sa)ñyz +(se)ñizOlar ÿazsalar If they write... stem +(sa)lar +(se)lerTo form the negative, add -ma or -me after the verb stem.Men ÿazmasam = If I do not write...Men gitmesem = If I do not go.3.6 - Past DefiniteTranslates to the English Past Simple.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazdym I wrote. stem +(dy)m +(di)mSen ÿazdyñ You wrote. stem +(dy)ñ +(di)ñOl ÿazdy He wrote. stem +(dy) +(di)Biz ÿazdyk We wrote. stem +(dy)k +(di)kSiz ÿazdyñz You wrote. stem +(dy)ñyz +(di)ñizOlar ÿazdylar They wrote. stem +(dy)lar +(di)lerTo form the negative, add -ma or -me after the stem.Men ÿazmadym = I didn't write.Men gitmedim = I didn't go.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1343.7 - Obligatory FormTranslates to English "must," "should," or "ought to" with a verb.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazmaly I must write. stem +maly +meliSen ÿazmaly You must write. stem +maly +meliOl ÿazmaly He must write. stem +maly +meliBiz ÿazmaly We must write. stem +maly +meliSiz ÿazmaly You must write. stem +maly +meliOlar ÿazmaly They must write. stem +maly +meliTo form the negative, add -däl after the verb.Men ÿazmaly däl = I must (should) not write.Men gitmeli däl = I must (should) not go.3.8 - Imperative FormsIn the singular and plural "you" forms, the verbs are simply rendered ascommands, with the varying levels of politeness as noted below. Notethat the personal pronouns are parenthetical, indicating that they arenot spoken as part of the command form, but indicate to whom the commandis being delivered.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEKverbs(Sen) ÿaz! Write! stem(Sen) ÿazyñ! Write! stem +yñ +iñ(Sen) ÿazsana! Write, please! (polite) stem +sana +sene(Siz) ÿazyñ Write! stem +yñ +iñ(Siz) ÿazsañizlañ Write, please! (polite) stem +sañizlañ +señizläñThe first person singular and plural forms translate not as commands,but more as expressions of "I'm going to," "may I," "let me," or "letus." The personal pronouns are necessary here.Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazaÿyn. May I write. stem +aÿyn +eÿinMen geçeÿin. Let me pass.Biz ÿazalyñ Let's write!. stem +alyñ* +eliñ*Biz gideliñ Let's go!*In colloquial speech, the endings are sometimes shortened to -aly and -ely.To form the plural negative, add -ma or -me after the stem:Hat ÿazmalyñ = Let's not write a letter.Bazara gitmeliñ = Let's not go to the bazaar.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 135The third person forms are also not commands as much as they are urgesor wishes, translated roughly as "let..." or "would that..."Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsOl ÿazsyn Let him write. stem +syn +sinOl geçsin Let him pass.Olar ÿazsynlar Let them write! stem +synlar +sinlerOlar geçsinler Let them pass!To form the negatives for all the above forms, add -ma or -me after the stems,according to vowel harmony:Ol ÿazmasyn = May he not write.Olar gitmesinler = May they not go.3.9 - Intentional FormTranslates to the English "intend to."Verb Form Translation Form w/ MAK verbs MEK verbsMen ÿazmakçy I intend to write. stem +makçy mekçiSen ÿazmakçy You intend to write. stem +makçy mekçiOl ÿazmakçy He/she intends to write. stem +makçy mekçiBiz ÿazmakçy We intend to write. stem +makçy mekçiSiz ÿazmakçy You intend to write. stem +makçy mekçiOlar ÿazmakçy They intend to write. stem +makçy mekçiTo form the negative, add after the verb.Men ÿazmakçy däl = I do not intend to write.Men gitmekçi däl = I do not intend to go.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1364.0 Relative ClausesRelative clauses are formed in Turkmen simply by using verb suffixesbased on the tense and vowel harmony of the verb. Who and which, used inEnglish to form relative clauses, are not used as such in Turkmen.Relative clauses in the present tense are formed by adding the suffixes-ÿan and -ÿän to the stems of MAK and MEK verbs, respectively:gelÿän adamlar = people who are comingÿazÿan dostum = my friend who is writingSentence structure is as follows:A?gabatdan gelÿän adamlar ÿolda durdular.from-Ashgabat-coming-people-road-at-stoppedThe people who are coming from Ashgabat stopped on the road.Kitap ÿazÿan dostum Çärjewde ÿa?aÿar.book-writing-my friend-Charjew-in-livesMy friend who is writing a book is from Charjew.Relative clauses in the past are formed by adding -an and -en to thestems of MAK and MEK verbs, respectively:gelen adamlar = those who cameÿazan dostum = my friend who has writtenSentence structure is as follows:Tejenden gelen adamlar köp iÿdiler.Tejen-from-came-people-much-they ateThe people who came from Tejen ate a lot.Bu kitaby okanlar ony gowy diÿip tapdylar.This-book-read (plural)-it-good-that-they foundThose who read this book found it (to be) good.In the future tense, the definite future forms of the verb ( -jak and -jek) form the relative clauses. There are no unique suffixes:Biziñ klasymyzy okatjak mugallym Eÿrandan geldi.to-our-class-will teach-teacher-from Iran-cameThe teacher who will teach our class came from Iran.Gökdepä gitjek okuwçylar duralgasynda gara?yp durlar.to Geok Depe-will go-students-stop-at-are waitingThe students who will go to Geok Depe are waiting at the stop.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1375.0 Cases and their suffixesNomnativePossessiveDativeAccusativeTime/PlaceInstrumentalVowel Endings--- (no change)pagta - cottonGök Depe - Goek Depe (atown)nyñ, niñ (nuñ, nüñ)pagtanyñ - ˜ cotton'sGök Depeniñ- ˜ GoekDepe's-a,-ä or -na, -nepagta - ˜ to cottonGök Depä- ˜ to Goek Depeny, nipagtany - ˜ the cotton(direct ob.)Gök Depeni- ˜ Goek Depe(d.o.)da, de or nda, ndepagtada- ˜ in cottonGök Depede- ˜ in GoekDepedan, den or ndan, ndenpagtadan - ˜ from cottonGök Depeden- ˜ from GoekDepeConsonant Endings--- (no change)gazan - potkä?ir - carrot(s)yñ, iñ (uñ, üñ)gazanyñ- ˜ pot'skä?iriñ- ˜ carrots's-a, -egazana- ˜ to the potkä?ire- ˜ to the carrotsy, igazany- ˜ the pot (d.o.)kä?iri- ˜ the carrot(s)(d.o.)da, degazanda- ˜ in the potkä?irde- ˜ in carrotsdan, dengazandan- ˜ from the potkä?irden- ˜ from carrotsThe Nominative Case answers Kim? Who?, Näme? What? , Nire? Where? It is usedfor the subject of the sentence and sometimes for non-specific direct objects.Gök Depe gowy. = Goek Depe is nice.The Possessive Case answers Kimiñ? Whose?, Nämäniñ? Of what? , Niräniñ? Ofwhere? Itis usually used to show simple possessive relationships. GökDepeniñ häkimligi = Goek Depe's mayor's office. However, it is sometimes usedin ways unfamiliar to English speakers, most notably in prepositionalcontexts: Gök Depeniñ ÿanynda = by Goek Depe, near Goek Depe.The Dative Case answers Kime? To whom?, Nämä? Towards what? To what end? ,Nirä? To where? It describes a motion directed toward something. Bu awtobusGök Depä gitÿär = This bus is going to Goek Depe. It also describes abstractdirection. Maña çaÿ gerek = Tea is necessary to me. (I need tea.) Pleasenote how the final vowels change in the following examples: (Türkmenba?y) Buawtobus Türkmenba?a gidÿär. (Mary) Bu awtobus Mara gidÿär. (Çüli) Bu awtobusÇülä gidÿär.The Accusative Case answers Kimi? Who?, Nämäni? What? , Niräni? Where? It isused for direct objects – things that are acted upon by the verb of thesentence. Men kä?iri kesÿärin. = I'm cutting the carrots. It carries thespecificity of an English "the" and is only used when the object is definite.The Time/Place Case answers Kimde? Upon whom?, Nämede? At what? , Nirede?Where? At what place? It translate to English in various ways depending onthe context. Gök Depede ÿa?aÿaryn = I live in Goek Depe. Mende çaÿ ÿok = Idon't have any tea. (on me)The Instrumental Case answers Kimden? From who?, Nämeden? From what? ,Nireden? From where? Like the English "from" it can be used to describe bothphysical origin, and more abstract concepts of origin. Bu köÿnek GökDepeden/pagtadan. = This dress is from Goek Depe/ made from cotton.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1385.1 Possessive SuffixesUnlike English, the Turkmen language also adds a suffix to theobject of possession. This may at times be redundant (Meniñ kakamgeldi. = My father-(my) came.) but often the possessive participle isomitted (Kakam geldi. = Father-(my) came.) so the suffix alone showspossession.Vowel ending Consonant Ending Vowel ending Consonant EndingMy My Our Our-m -ym, -im (-um, üm) -myz, -miz -ymyz, -imizkakam, my father balykym, my fish kakamyz, our (-umyz, ümiz)ejem, my mother itim, my dog father balykymyz, ourejemiz, our mother fishitimiz, our dogYour (sing,informal)-ñkakañ, your fatherejeñ, your motherYour (sing,informal)-yñ, -iñ (-uñ, üñ)balykyñ, your fishitiñ, your dogYour (plural,formal)-ñyz, ñizkakañyz, yourfatherejeñiz, yourmotherYour (plural,formal)-yñyz, -iñiz(-uñyz, üñiz)balykyñyz, yourfishitiñiz, your dogHis, her, its-sy, -sikakasy, her fatherejesi, her motherHis, her, its-y, -ibalyky, his fishiti, his dogTheir-sy, -sikakasy, theirfatherejesi, theirmotherTheiry, -ibalyky, their fishiti, their dog

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1396.0 The Absolute Posessivemeniñki mine biziñki oursseniñki yours siziñki yoursonuñky his/hers/its olaryñky theirskimiñki whose? Jereniñki Jeren'sBu meniñ kitabym=this is my bookBu kitab meniñki=this book is mine7.0 Nouns in Direct RelationTurkmen contains certain pairs of nouns that are in "directrelation," or which together illustrate a concept, exist withoutuse of the posessive suffixes. For example, the general conceptof "bus stop" is rendered as awtobus duralgasy, whereas theposessive awtobusyñ duralgasy would indicate "one bus's stop." Inthese direct relation pairs, the first noun, in its nominativeform, acts more as an adjective than a noun, specifying thegenreal meaning of the two-word concept. Other examples are assuch:ma?yn ÿagy=motor oil (ma?ynyñ ÿagy=one car's oil)miwe sogy=fruit juice (miweniñ sogy=one fruit's juice)ÿylan deresi=snakeskin (ÿylanyñ deresi=that snake's skin)mekdep howlysy=schoolyard (mekdebiñ howlysy=a school's yard)Note that the second noun is in its "posessed" form with theappropriate -i, -y, -si, or -sy ending.8.0 Coparatives & SuperlativesTo form the comparative, the -dan/den suffix (than) is added to thenoun being compared, and the suffix -rak or -räk is then added to theadjective. As in the following examples, the -rak/räk ending is notmandatory:Bu üzümler ?ol üzümlerden süÿjiBu üzümler ?ol üzümlerden süÿjiräk = These grapes are sweeter thanthose grapesThe -rak/räk ending can be used to indicate a comparitive idea withoutthe actual comparative structure:Olaryñ köÿnekleri kelteräk = Their dresses are (generally) shorter.To form the superlative, the words iñ or has (most) are added beforethe adjective:Maral meniñ iñ gowy okuwçym = Maral is my best pupil.Bu ma?ynlardan seniñki has owadan = Of all these cars yours is the mostbeautiful.Sekizinji klaslaryñ iñ ökde okuwçylaryny saÿla = Choose the mosttalented pupils of the eighth grade.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 1409.0 Some Unusual Structures in Turkmen GrammarA. Comparisons "As... as"Your hat is as expensive as hers. =Seniñ ?lÿapañ hem onuñky ÿaly gymmat.Your hat and hers as expensive.Your dog is as big as his. =Seniñ itiñ hem onuñky ÿaly uly.Your dog and his as big.Their students are as good as ours. =Onuñ owkuwçylar hem biziñki ÿaly gowy.Their students and ours as good.B. I (verb) (noun) to (verb)I want him to come. =Onuñ gelmegini isleÿärin.His to come I want.She wants you to listen. =Ol seniñ e?itmegiñi isleÿär.She your to listen wants.I was asking her to do so. =Onuñ ?eÿle etmegini haÿy? edÿärdim.Her so to do I was asking.I want him to come. =Onuñ gelmegini isleÿärin.His coming I want.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14110.0 Go?ylmalarLetters, go?ylmalar, are added to verbs to change their function.10.1: PassiveAdding these go?ylmalar changes the verb to passive voice wherethe doer of the sentence is unspoken.-yl/-il; -ul/-ül; -lMeniñ ejem uly halyny dokady.=My mother made/wove a big carpet.?u haly ÿüñden dokyldy.=This carpet was made/woven from wool.?u ÿyl iki ÿazyjy täze hekaÿalary döretdiler.This year two writers created new stories.¥añy-ÿakynda ?äherimiz hakynda täze go?gy döretildi. =A new poem was written about our city.10.2: ReflexiveAdding these go?ylmalar make the verb reflexive where the actionof the sentence has its effect on the person or thing that doesthe action.-yn/-in; -un/-ün; -nGünde meniñ joralarymy görÿärin.=I see my girlfriends everyday.Ol i?e gidip görenip gaÿtdy.=He went to work, showed himself and left.Kakam paltany ma?yna söÿedi.=My father leaned the axe against the car.Men ardamyny diwara söÿendym.=I leaned my back against the wall.10.3: ReciprocalAdding these go?ylmalar make the verb exchanged between two peopleor groups, or given and recieved in return.-y?/-i?; -u?/ü?; -?Maral jigisini gyjaklady.=Maral hugged her little brother/sister.Dostlar gyjakla?dylar we og?a?dylar.=The friends hugged and kissed each other.Sen Selbini gördüñmi?=Did you see Selbi?Biz göre?ip salamla?dyk.=We saw and greeted each other.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14210.4: CausitiveAdding these go?ylmalar makes the subject of the verb also thecause of an action or state.-dyr/-dir; -dur/-dür;-yr/-ir; -ur/-ür; -uz,-üz; -ar/-er; -der/-dar; -tMen ?u kitap bilen gyzyklanamok.=I am not interested in this book.Meniñ mugallymym maña Türkmen go?gularany öwrenmägegyzyklandyrdy.-My teacher got me interested in Turkmen poetry.Mergen öÿe gelip derrew yatdy.=Mergen came home and went to sleep right away.Gül?at çagalaryny giç ÿatardy.=Gulshat put her children to bed late.Men Ainabady görenimde güldim.=When I saw Ainabat, I laughed.Ol gülkunçli dege?me aÿdanynda dostlaryny gülderdi.He made his friends laugh when he told a funny joke.Men ÿerde çökip gülleri ni çöpledim.=I knelt on the ground and picked flowers.Çopan düÿäni çökerdi.=The shepherd made the camel kneel down.Tomsuna hemme adama ir turÿar.=Everyone gets up/wakes up early in the summer.Sagat onda maña turuzsana!=Wake me up at 10 o'clock!Ol i?ini etdi.=He did the work.Ol meni holynda i?letdi.=He made me work in the yard.Only görmek=to see uses go?ylma -kez in its causitive form:Olar bizi köçede gördiler.=They saw us on the street.Men suratlarymy jorama görkezÿärin.=I am showing my friend my pictures.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14311.0 Four Important Modal Verbs: otyr, ÿatyr, dur, ÿörFour verbs in Turkmen, oturmak, ÿatmak, durmak, and ÿörmek,have special 3rd person singular forms, otyr, ÿatyr, dur, and ÿör,respectively, that can be used alone or with compound verbstructures to indicate a continuous action or the physicalposition of something. Personal endings are added to these 3rdperson forms as such:men otyryn men ÿatyrn men durunsen otyrsyñ sen ÿatyrsyñ sen dursuñol otyr ol ÿatyr ol durbiz otyrys biz ÿatyrys biz durussiz otyrsyñyz siz ÿatyrsyñyz siz dursuñyzolar oyrlar olar ÿatyrlar olar durlar*The 3rd person singular, ÿör, is used alone only in certainregional dialects.Examples of the use of the three above forms are as follows:Myrat ?u wagt ÿatyr=Myrat is sleeping now.Meniñ dostum mugallymlar jaÿynda otyr=My friend is sitting inthe teachers' room.Ma?ynym mekdebiñiziñ öñünde dur=My car is in front of yourschool.In compound structures, these verbs' meanings are retainedonly in that they indicate the position of the doer of the action:Ol okap ÿatyr=He is reading. (while lying down)Men çaÿ içip otyryn=I'm drinking tea. (while seated)Ol taÿda toÿ gidip dur=There's a party going on over there.(in one place)Sag-aman i?läp ÿörsiñizmi?=Are you (safely) working?(continuously)Physical objects capable of continuous action but notmovement such as cars, refrigerators, electricity, andtelevisions, use dur in compound structures:Swet ÿanyp dur=The lights are on.Holodilnik i?läp dur=The refrigerator is running.Duhowka ÿanyp dur=The oven is hot (on).

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14412.0 Selected Suffixes and Prefixes12.1: -çy/-çiThe suffix -çy or -çi, according to vowel harmony, functions like-ist or -er in English to denote occupation, profession, orposition.i? work i?çi workerokuw school okuwçy pupilIn certain cases where the verbs are made into nouns, the suffixbecomes -jy or -ji:diñlemek to listenokamak to readÿasamak to craftdiñleÿji listenerokaÿjy readerÿasaÿjy master12.2: -darThe suffix, -dar can make personal nouns out of other nouns. Itis unaffected by vowel harmony.bergi debttarap sidebergidar debtortarapdar supporter12.3: -ke?The suffix -ke? personalizes certain nouns indicative of aparticular cistom or habit.gybat gossipnas chewing tobacco(habitual)çilim cigarettegybatke? gossippernaske? tobacco chewerçilimke? smoker12.4: -siz/-suz/-syzThe suffixes -siz, -suz, or -syz, according to vowel harmony, meanwithout or un-.tertip orderhowp dangerjan spirittertipsiz disorderlyhowpsuz securejansyz inanimate

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14512.5: -lik/-lük/-lyk/-lukThese suffixes function to create abstract nouns, like -hood, -ness, or -ity in English. They adhere to vowel harmony.gözel beautifulköp much, manyçaga childdost friendgözellik beautyköplük collectiveçagalyk childhooddostluk friendshipThese suffixes can also make nouns and adjectives from numericalexpressions.bä? five bä?lik five-Manat notebir ÿyl one year bir ÿyllyk a year's worthon üç thirteen on üçlük bus #13These suffixes make nouns and adjectives which show purpose.gün dayÿetmek to sufficeel handgündelik diaryÿeterlik enoughellik glove12.6: The prefix bi-The prefix bi- expresses the idea of without-. It does notaffect, nor is subject to, vowel harmony.tarap sidegünä sinbitarap neutralbigünä innocentThe above forms can then combine with the -lik/-lük/-lyk/-lukforms to form nouns.bitaraplyk neutralitybigünälik innocence12.7: -daky/-däkiThese suffixes adhere to the rules of vowel harmony and act asadjective clauses do in English, as in the following examples:Men ?ol kinodaky gyzy halamok.I don't like the girl in that film.Tejendäki mugallymlar biziñ ÿygnagymyza gelÿärler.The teachers from Tejen are coming to our meeting.A?gabatdaky çörek biziñkiden gowy.The bread in Ashgabat is better than ours.Öÿüñizdäkilere köp salam aÿt!Say "hi" to those at your house.10njy "A" klasdaky okuwçylaryñ tertibi gowy däl.The pupils of the 10th "A" class are not well behaved.Eliñdäkini aÿyr!Get rid of what's in your hand!

Turkmen/English Dictionary 146Parkyñ içindäki gazly suw ?äherimiziñ iñ gowysy.The juice in the park is the best in our city.Mekdebiñ ÿanyndaky howlyda toÿ bar.There's a party in the yard next to the school.Men ?u köÿnekdäki ÿakany gowy görÿärin.I like the yoke (collar) of this dress.Öten ÿyldaky hasyl bu ÿylydakydan köpdi.Last year's harvest was more than this year's.13.0 Expressing Needs and DesiresAlthough in Turkmen there is a way to express a wish to dosomething that parallels the English use of infinitives, such asMen çaÿ içmek isleÿärin (I want to drink tea), a far more commonway to express desires involves a construction unlike any inEnglish, utilizing the verb gelmek as a helping verb: Meniñ çaÿiçesim gelÿär (My-tea-drinking-comes).This would roughly translateas "I want to drink tea." or "I feel like drinking tea." The mainverb içmek has the personal ending -esim added to the stem, withgelmek in the 3rd person singular, gelÿär. Note the use ofposessive pronouns rather than personal pronouns in the followingcharts:-mak verbsmeniñ ÿat-asym gelÿär I'd like to sleepseniñ ÿat-asyñ gelÿär You'd like to sleeponuñ ÿat-asy gelÿär He'd like to sleepbiziñ ÿat-asymyz gelÿär We'd like to sleepsiziñ ÿat-asyñyz gelÿär You'd like to sleepolaryñ ÿat-asy gelÿär They'd like to sleep-mek verbsmeniñ iç-esim gelÿär I'd like to drinkseniñ iç-esiñ gelÿär You'd like to drinkonuñ iç-esi gelÿär He'd like to drinkbiziñ iç-esimiz gelÿär We'd like to drinksiziñ iç-esiñiz gelÿär You'd like to drinkolaryñ iç-esi gelÿär They'd like to drinkThe negative is formed by changing the gelÿär to gelmeÿär orgelenok:Meniñ hiç zady iÿesim gelenok. I don't feel like eatinganything.The past tense is also possible, as such:Meniñ bir zady bilesim geldi. I wanted to know something.

Turkmen/English Dictionary 14714.0 Indicating Possibility: mümkinThe word mümkin is used to indicate possibility or to askpermission for an action, using infinitive verbs, such as:Çilim çekmek mümkinmi? Is it possible to smoke? (May Ismoke?)Girmek mümkinmi? May I come in?Jañ etmek mümkinmi? May I make a call?in:Grammatically, it can be used to signify "may" or "might," as-mak verbsMen ertir siziñ mekdebiñize geläÿmegim mümkin.I might come to your school tomorrow.Men hat ÿazaÿmagym mümkin.I might write a leter.men ÿaz-aÿmagym mümkin I might writesen ÿaz-aÿmagyñ mümkin you might writeol ÿaz-aÿmagy mümkin he/she might writebiz ÿaz-aÿmagymyz mümkin we might writesiz ÿaz-aÿmagyñyz mümkin you might writeolar ÿaz-aÿmagy mümkin they might write-mek verbsmen gel-äÿmegim mümkin I might comesen gel-äÿmegiñ mümkin you might comeol gel-äÿmegi mümkin he/she might comebiz gel-äÿmegimiz mümkin we might comesiz gel-äÿmegiñiz mümkin you might comeolar gel-äÿmegi mümkin they might come-mak verbsThe negative is formed as such:Men ertir mekdebiñize gelmezligim mümkin.I might not come to your school tomorrow.Men hat ÿazmazlygym mümkin.I might not write a letter.men ÿaz-mazlygym mümkin I might writesen ÿaz-mazlygyñ mümkin you might writeol ÿaz-mazlygy mümkin he/she might writebiz ÿaz-mazlygymyz mümkin we might writesiz ÿaz-mazlygyñyz mümkin you might writeolar ÿaz-mazlygy mümkin they might write-mek verbsmen gel-mezligim mümkin I might comesen gel-mezligiñ mümkin you might comeol gel-mezligi mümkin he/she might comebiz gel-mezligimiz mümkin we might comesiz gel-mezligiñiz mümkin you might comeolar gel-mezligi mümkin they might come

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Turkmen/English Dictionary 14915.0 -dygy/ digiMen oña alty-da geljekdigimi aÿtdym.I told him I would come at 6:00.Siz maña näme isleÿändigiñizi aÿdyñ.Tell me what you want.Ol maña köp zat öwrenÿändigini aÿtdy.He told me he's learning a lot.Ol maña seniñ gelendigiñi aÿtdy.She told me that you came (had come).Köwü?iñ bahasynyñ näçcdigini aÿdyp biljekmi?Can you tell me how much your shoes cost?Mugallymyñ nirededigini bilÿärsiñmi?Do you know where the teacher is?Men ol gyzyñ menden ulydygyny bilÿärin.I know that girl is taller than I.Men seniñ kitabyñ meniñkiden gowydygyny bilÿärin.I know your book is better than mine.Biz ?u kitabyñ sözlükdigini bilÿäris.We know this book is a dictionary.16.0 Double VerbsWhereas in English we conjugate all verbs and place "and"between them when two actions are done at once or at relativelythe same time, Turkmen employs a structure that puts the two verbstogether. The first verb is reduced to its stem and theparticipial ending -yp or -ip, according to vowel harmony, isadded. The ending of the second verb determines the doer of theaction indicated, as below.Men düÿn nahar iÿip ÿatdym.Yesterday I ate and went to sleep.Men radio diñläp hat ÿazÿaryn.I'm listening to the radio and writing a letter.This form may be used to express an action which has been orwill be completed before the expressed action of the second verb:Biz iÿip gelÿäris.We ate before coming. (lit. We–eat-come)Nahar iÿip okuwa gidiñ!Eat before going to school. (lit. Food-eat-to-school-go)Swedi öçürip gaÿt.Go turn off the light. (lit. Light-turn off-come back)

Turkmen/English Dictionary 150The participlial -ip and -yp endings have negativecounterparts, -män and -man, also added to the stem of the firstverbÇagalar iÿmän okuwa gitdiler.The children went without eating.Okuwçylar okaman sapaga gelÿärler.The pupils come to the lesson without studying.16.1 Expressing Ability: -p/-yp/-ip bilmekA modal structure involving bilmek is used to convey the ideaof being able to do something.Men Türkmençe okap bilÿärin = I can read TurkmenOl Rusça ÿazyp bilenok = He can't write RussianBiz bazara gidip biljek däl = We won't be able to go to thebazaar16.2 Doing an Action for Someone: -p/-yp/-ip bermekA modal structure involving bermek is used to express thedoing of an action for someone:Men size jaÿy salyp berdim = I built a house for you?ol gapyny ÿapyp bermesene = Don't close that door?ol käsäni saña alyp bererin = I'll give you that teacupAccording to vowel harmony the main verb's stem is followedby the participial ending -yp or -ip, and bermek appears accordingto the doer of the action and the tense.16.3 Attempted Action: -p/-yp/-ip görmekA modal structure involving görmek is used to express theidea of trying to do something, or the idea of doing-and-seeing:Bu nahary datyp gör = Try this foodMen pikir edip göreÿin = Let me think about it (and see)?ol köÿnegi geÿip gördi = She tried on that dress16.4 Anticipated Action: -jak/-jek bolmakA modal structure involving the future tense and bolmak isused to indicate the idea of being about to do something:Sen ÿatjak bolÿañmy? = Are you about to sleep?Olar saña jañ etjek bolÿarlar = They're about to call youeatGara?yñ, men iÿjek bolÿaryn = Wait, I'm going to (about to)

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Turkmen/English Dictionary 152ReferencesThe following works were used in preparing this dictionary:A. Almammedov, R. Nazarov. English-Turkmen Dictionary. - MagaryphPublishers. Ashgabad. 1989. 10,000 words from English to Turkmen.P. Azimova. Turkmenche-Ruscha Okuw Sozlugi. - Moscow "Russkiy Yazik".1988. 9000 words from Turkmen to Russian. Our main reference text.B. Chariyarova. Bolshoy Russko-Turkmenskiy Slovar. - Moscow "RusskiyYazik". 1987. 77,000 entries in two volumes, translations from Russianto Turkmen.B. Jumageldieva, G. Sopieva. Turkmenche-Ruscha Gysgalzha TematikSozlugi. - Ashgabad "Ilham". 1994. 75 pages of thematic word lists,listing Russian and Turkmen.B. Meskutova. Ruscha-Turkmenche Okuw Sozlugi. - Moscow "Russkiy Yazik".1982. 5000 words from Russian to Turkmen.M. Soyegov, N. Rejepov. Taze Turkmen Elipbi. - Ashgabat "Ruh". 1993.An introduction to the new Turkmen alphabet for Turkmen speakers.M. Wheeler. The Oxford Russian-English Dictionary. - New York "OxfordUniversity Press". 1992. 82,000 entries from Russian to English.The following additional works were used as references in preparing thebrief grammatical appendix:R. Nepesova, O. Yaslydeva. Let's Speak English. - Ashgabat "Ilim".1992. Beginning English for Turkmen Speakers.Peace Corps Turkmenistan. Turkmen. - Ashgabad. 1995. Compentencybasedbasic Turkmen instruction.N. Rejepov. Turkmenskiy Yazik. - Ashgabad "Magarif". 1993. BeginningTurkmen for Russian Speakers.A. Retman, R. Retman. Let's Learn to Speak English. - Ashgabat. 1992.Beginning English for Turkmen Speakers.Turkmen Language Project. Turkmen Language Course. - IndianaUniversity. 1994. Compentency-based basic Turkmen instruction.D. Tyson, L. Clark. Turkmen Language Manual, 2nd Edition. - "U.S.Peace Corps". 1994. Compentency-based basic Turkmen instruction.J. Yagmirov. Turkmen Dilini Owrenyeris. - Ashabad "Ilim". 1993.Beginning Turkmen for Russian Speakers.