complete digital design

Index 447microprocessor with cache, 156network topology, 110–111ripper, schematic diagram, 49RS-485 network, 112–114bypass capacitor, see capacitorbyte, 11Ccacheburst DRAM access, 90coherency, 157controller, 150, 156defined, 150direct mapped, 152–153flush, 151flush algorithm, 154fully associative, 152, 161hit, 150instruction and data, 154–155levels, 157line, 151locking memory regions, 156miss, 150no-write, write-through, and write-back, 151performance, 171set associative, 153–154sizing, 157thrashing, 153, 155virtual memory relationship, 160CAD (computer aided design), 436Cadence, 224, 244, 409, 436California Micro Devices, 417CAM (content addressable memory), 189–191binary versus ternary, 189–190internal structure, 189linked to SRAM, 190management, 189–191capacitorAC properties, 274–275aluminum, 393bypass and decoupling, 275, 393–394, 411–412DRAM, 88–89filter, 283–285lead inductance, 394nonideal model, 277series and parallel combination, 276switching regulator noise reduction, 388tantalum, 393unit of measure, 272carrier, 108carry bit, 14CAS, see DRAMcathode, 293CE (chip enable), 80, 89–90cell, network, 111ceramicEPROM package, 80resonator, 356channel8B10B coding, 203–207, 4058B10B comma pattern, 203bandwidth, 99BER, 203coding, 194, 199communication, 197, 199DMA, 70FET, see transistorcharacteristic impedance, see impedance, transmissionlinechassis grounding, 413–415checksum, 194calculation logic, 207–209chemical diffusion, 36Cherokee, 390choke, see inductorCISC (complex instruction set computing), 145–147,149clockceramic resonator, 356computer design example, 67defined, 18distribution, 357–360distribution limitations, 367–368DLL, see DLLdomain crossing, 95, 233–237electromagnetic radiation, 413enable (on a flip-flop), 19Fourier analysis, 280FPGA, 258frequency and period, 24–25frequency synthesis, 364–365generation options on PIC, 131–132jitter, 27, 199, 357, 364, 367logic and Verilog, 226low skew buffer, 357matching wire delay, 358microprocessor performance, 169–170multiboard distribution example, 361, 363–364