Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines

Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese MedicinesMolecular Structures, Pharmacological Activities,Natural Sources and Applications

Jiaju Zhou • Guirong Xie • Xinjian YanEncyclopedia ofTraditional Chinese MedicinesMolecular Structures, PharmacologicalActivities, Natural Sources and ApplicationsVol. 5: Isolated Compounds T-Z

Jiaju Zhou1303, Buld. 10,31 ZhongGuanCun NanDaJie,HaiDian District,100081, Beijing,Chinajjzhou@mail.ipe.ac.cnGuirong XieApt-2-1-302,43 NongDa NanLu,BoYaXiYuan,HaiDian District,100193, Beijing,Chinazhouxuexi@yahoo.cnXinjian Yan523 Redland Blvd,Rockville,MD 20850,USAyunyan316@yahoo.comISBN 978-3-642-16740-9 e-ISBN 978-3-642-16741-6DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-16741-6Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New YorkLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2011922128# Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation,reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of thispublication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permissionfor use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement,that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.Cover design: deblik, BerlinPrinted on acid-free paperSpringer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese MedicinesMolecular Structures, Pharmacological Activities, Natural Sources and ApplicationsContentsPreface ........................................................................................................................... viiIntroduction .................................................................................................................. ixHow to Use This Book ............................................................................................... xixAbbreviations and Symbols ....................................................................................... xxvCancer Cell Codes ..................................................................................................... xxixVolume 1 Isolated Compounds (A-C)A (entries 1~2071) ........................................................................................................... 3B (entries 2072~2835) ................................................................................................ 241C (entries 2836~4594) ................................................................................................ 327Volume 2 Isolated Compounds (D-G)D (entries 4595~6656) ..................................................................................................... 3E (entries 6657~7700) ................................................................................................ 225F (entries 7701~8043) ................................................................................................ 343G (entries 8044~9185) ................................................................................................ 383Volume 3 Isolated Compounds (H-M)H (entries 9186~10927) ................................................................................................... 3I (entries 10928~11806) ............................................................................................. 187J (entries 11807~11990) ............................................................................................. 283K (entries 11991~12399) ............................................................................................ 308L (entries 12400~13280) ............................................................................................ 356M (entries 13281~15227) ........................................................................................... 459Volume 4 Isolated Compounds (N-S)N (entries 15228~15880) ................................................................................................ 3O (entries 15881~16484) ............................................................................................ 73P (entries 16485~18281) ............................................................................................. 142Q (entries 18282~18455) ............................................................................................ 350R (entries 18456~19091) ............................................................................................ 375S (entries 19092~20574) ............................................................................................. 453v

PrefaceA significant preoccupation of modern traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)research has been the characterization of TCM components, such as pertain to theirisolation, purification, structural determination, and pharmacological activity. As areference tool, this Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines presents acomprehensive and integrative work on surveying TCM plant sources, chemistry,pharmacology and medicinal effects and indications in a systematic manner.This encyclopedia is an integrated achievement of a long-term TCM researchproject by the authors at the Chinese Academy of Sciences [1–4] , involving three partsand now organized in six volumes:Part I (Volumes 1 to 4 and part of Volume 5) provides structural, physical,pharmacological and natural source information on 23,033 isolated chemicals capturedfrom 5,535 references, basically up to year 2005. A great deal of effort has been paid onoverlapping or contradictory data in order to provide readers with an accurate andreliable resource.Part II (last part of Volume 5) describes 6,926 TCM plants and congeners, togetherwith their medicinal effects and indications. The contents of Part I and Part II are allorganized in alphabetical order.Part III (Volume 6) includes seven indexes produced by a computer program.Based on the indexes, users can readily find concerned contents in multiple ways.With this encyclopedia, the authors attempt to provide a bridge for thecommunication between the TCM system and Western medicinal systems, and aplatform with multiple-subjects in support of research and development of the healthsciences.JJ Zhou, GR Xie and XJ YanInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesSep, 2010, Beijing---------------------------[1] Xinjian Yan, Jiaju Zhou and Guirong Xie, Traditional Chinese Medicines: Molecular structures, natural sources,and applications, 1st edition, Ashgate Publishing house, 1999[2] Jiaju Zhou, Guirong Xie and Xinjian Yan, Traditional Chinese Medicines: Molecular structures, natural sources,and applications, 2nd edition, Ashgate Publishing house, 2002[3] Jiaju Zhou, Guirong Xie and Xinjian Yan, Handbook of Chemical Components in Plant Origins of TraditionalChinese Medicines, Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 2004 (in Chinese)[4] Jiaju Zhou, Guirong Xie and Xinjian Yan, Data Collection of Chemical Components in Plant Origins ofTraditional Chinese Medicines, Vol 1–3, Science Press, Beijing, 2009 (in Chinese)vii

IntroductionThis encyclopedia mainly consists two parts - compound and plant. Its corecontent is the structural and pharmacological information of 23,033 phytochemicals, aswell as medical effects and indications of 6,926 plant species from which thephytochemicals were isolated. The compounds, i.e. phytochemicals, are orderedalphabetically, and their ordinal numbers are used as compound unique codes. Theplant species are coded from T0001 to T6926. With this code system, the complicated“many to many” relationship between compounds and plants can be clearly expressed,and any individual compound or plant could be located easily in this 6 volumes book.1. Compound EntryFormat of Compound Entry. A compound entry starts with a title line, in which thereare two items: the compound’s unique code and main name. Following the title line isthe compound physical, pharmacological and source information, which may include 8items:Title line (code number, main name)A. Synonyms of the compound (if any);B. CASRN number (if any);C. Formula (relative molecular mass);D. Physicochemical properties;E. Pharmacological data (if any);F. Source(s);G. Reference(s);H. Graphic structure.Chemical Names and Synonyms. Generally, a compound may have one scientificname and several trivial names. In the encyclopedia, based on original articles, weselect one name as the “main name” (appeared at the title line of each compound entry),and use it to alphabetically order the 23,033 compounds in the first 5 volumes. Themain name is either a scientific name or a trivial name. All of other names of eachcompound, if any, are presented after the title line.Stereochemistry of Chemical Structure. We protracted all compound structures downto atom-bond level including complicated glycosides, with stereo-chemical informationbased on the data in the original papers. For example, the structure with fullstereochemistry of compound 22,834 (isolated from CHUAN XU DUAN Dipsacusasperoides) is:ix

xhederageninHO28HO OO OH4 O 1 GluHO OO 3Glu4 OH1OHOOXylOH OH1 OHOOH1 RhamOHOH OHOHOOAra OH 1HO2OHO O31Rham6HO OOOOGlu OH1OH 1 GluOHOHOH3-O-[β-D-Xylopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)][α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosideOHNormalization of Pharmacological Data. More than 8,000 TCM components in thisencyclopedia have a variety of pharmacological data, which are valuable not only forthe study of TCM, but also for the development of Western medicine. Because differentexpressions are used for the same kind of data in different articles, we have to defineand normalize thousands pharmacological terms, so that the data could be expressed bya unified way, and be easily understood by readers.The pharmacological terms in the encyclopedia are presented by a multi-layeredstructure. In the top layer, there are around 20 types of pharmacological activity terms,they are cytotoxic (in vitro anticancer), antineoplastic (in vivo anticancer), antibacterial,antifungal, antiviral, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimalarial, enzymeinhibitors, NO production inhibitors, cardiovascular activity, smooth muscle relaxantand stimulant, toxin and medium lethal dose LD 50 , and so forth. For each term there isa regulation about how to describe related pharmacological data. The following is anexample:Term name (in vitro/in vivo,target cell 1, quantitative data,control Compound, control’s data;target cell 2, quantitative data,control Compound, control’s data;target cell 3, quantitative data,control Compound, control’s data;terse description of related mechanism if any).

xiUnder the subtitle “Pharm:” of compound entry 248 (17-Acetoxylabda-7,12(E),14-triene), a set of bio-data is presented as follows:Pharm: Cytotoxic (in vitro,BT474 human galactophore cancer cell, IC 50 = 4.7μg/mL,control Doxorubicin hydrochloride, IC 50 = 0.08μg/mL;CHAGO human undifferentiated lung cancer cell, IC 50 = 5.7μg/mL,control Doxorubicin hydrochloride, IC 50 = 2.3μg/mL;HepG2 human liver cancer cell, IC 50 = 6.5μg/mL,control Doxorubicin hydrochloride, IC 50 = 0.9μg/mL;Kato3 human gastric cancer cell, IC 50 = 5.3μg/mL,control Doxorubicin hydrochloride, IC 50 = 1.7μg/mL;SW620 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell, IC 50 = 5.6μg/mL,control Doxorubicin hydrochloride, IC 50 = 1.1μg/mL).In order to standardize abbreviations of cancer cells, such as BT474, CHAGO,etc., we defined and used 270 cancer cell codes (CCC) in the encyclopedia. Forexplanations of these codes, please see “Cancer Cell Codes in the PharmacologicalModels” in Volume 1 of the encyclopedia.By means of the formatted and structuralized methods, we normalized expressionsof most pharmacological data appeared in the encyclopedia. For complete informationof all 3367 normalized pharmacological activity terms, please see “CompoundPharmacological Activities Index” in Volume 6.2. Plant EntryOne Species One Entry. Conventionally, a TCM name may include more than oneplant species that have the same medical functions; therefore, a plant may not have anindependent TCM entry and may be described under a TCM name. In this book,modern botany classification regulation is adopted and each plant species has anindependent entry.For example, traditional Chinese medicine DAN SHEN includes three species.They are equivalent in both effects and indications in TCM practice. In thisencyclopedia, we defined three plant entries for each one of them.T5680 Salvia miltiorrhiza (Lamiaceae); DAN SHEN; Danshen;T5681 Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba (Lamiaceae); BAI HUA DAN SHEN; Whiteflower Danshen;T5688 Salvia przewalskii (Lamiaceae); GAN XI SHU WEI CAO; Przewalsk Sage.With this method, we are able to smoothly link TCM information with that ofmodern botany.Simplified Latin Name. For each TCM plant or TCM congener, four names are usedin the encyclopedia. They are Latin name, English name, PIN-YIN name and Chinese

xiiname, while the Chinese name only appears in TCM Plants PIN-YIN/Chinese NamesIndex” not in the main part of the book. For plant Latin name (e.g. scientific name), weuse a simplified nomenclature, in which the nomenclator(s) information is not included.For example the Latin name of Chinese Angelica (DANG GUI) in the encyclopedia is“Angelica sinensis”, not “Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels”.Family Name. According to the “International Code of Botanical Nomenclature”(2007), the following eight authoritative family names are used in the encyclopedia.The family names of long usage, which are not used in are the encyclopedia, indicatedin parentheses:Apiaceae (Umbelliferae);Arecaceae (Palmae);Asteraceae (Compositae);Brassicaceae (Cruciferae);Clusiaceae (Guttiferae);Fabaceae (Leguminosae);Lamiaceae (Labiatae) andPoaceae (Gramineae).PIN-YIN Name and Chinese Name. A simplified PIN-YIN name system is used inthe encyclopedia. That is not to include the four-tone mark. However, there areexceptions. Among the thousand PIN-YIN names in the book, there are sevenconfusing cases. For each mistakable name, a superscript is attached to the name forindicating its four-tone in order to distinguish it from other plant species. For example:BAI MAO GEN (1) and BAI MAO GEN (4) are two different TCM plants:Other six cases are:T3416 Imperata cylindrica var. major (Poaceae); BAI MAO GEN (1) ; Lalang Grass Rhizome.T3309 Hydrastis canadensis (Ranunculaceae); BAI MAO GEN (4) ; Golden-seal.T1449 Cirsium japonicum (Asteraceae); DA JI (4) ; Japanese Thistle.T2608 Euphorbia pekinensis (Euphorbiaceae); DA JI (3) ; Peking Euphorbia.T4124 Matricaria chamomilla [Syn. Matricaria recutita] (Asteraceae); MU (3) JU; Mayweed.T0197 Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae); MU (4) JU; Sepiaria.T1039 Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Rhizophoraceae); MU LAN (3) ; Common Bruguiera.T3423 Indigofera tinctoria (Fabaceae); MU LAN (2) ; True Indigo.T6798 Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae); PU (2) TAO; European Grape.T6267 Syzygium jambos (Myrtaceae); PU (3) TAO; Roseapple.T2107 Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae); SHI HU (4) ; Noble Dendrobium.T2646 Evodia rutaecarpa var. officinalis (Rutaceae); SHI HU (3) ; Officinal Evodia.T1221 Caryopteris divaricata (Verbenaceae); YOU (2) ; Divaricate Bluebeard.T1478 Citrus grandis (Rutaceae); YOU (4) ; Pummelo.

xiiiTranslation of TCM Effects Terms. In the Volume 5 of the encyclopedia, 6,926TCM Plant entries list in alphabetical order of Latin names, including 2,923 originalTCM plants (including few of animals) [R01-R04] and 4,003 congeners (including a few ofnon-TCM medicinal plants). For each TCM plant, two most important features aretraditional TCM effects and indications.For preparing this encyclopedia, one of the greatest challenges is how to correctlytranslate each TCM term into correspondent English, so that Western readers are able tounderstand the true meaning of the content in the book. After comparing severaltranslation systems, we decided to use Wiseman’s terminological system [R05-R07] for thisbook.Wiseman’s system obeys two most important principles: (1). The Englishlanguageterms should be faithful to the original concepts in traditional Chinesemedicine. (2). The English-language TCM terminology should be flexible enough toallow modifications and extensions so that derivative effects can be described by astructuralized manner. For instance, the term “quicken blood” describes a general effectmeaning “activating blood flow” or “promoting blood circulation”. Elaboration of thisterm produces “quicken blood and transform stasis”, “quicken blood and relieve pain”,“quicken blood and regulate menstruation”, and so on. The following illustrations anexample of the structuralized expressions related to the term “quicken blood”:quicken blood and disinhibit waterquicken blood and dispel stasisquicken blood and dispel windquicken blood and disperse swellingquicken blood and disperse welling abscessquicken blood and dissipate bindsquicken blood and dissipate stasisquicken blood and free menstruationquicken blood and free network vesselsquicken blood and free vesselsquicken blood and joint bonesquicken blood and move qiquicken blood and move stasisquicken blood and nourish heartquicken blood and promote milkquicken blood and quiet spiritquicken blood and regulate menstruationquicken blood and relieve painquicken blood and resolve toxinquicken blood and settle painquicken blood and soothe sinewsquicken blood and stanch bleedingquicken blood and strengthen sinewsquicken blood and transform stasisquicken blood and vessels

xivTranslation of TCM Indications Terms. Based on Wiseman’s terminological system,“Chinese-English Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine” compiled byGuangzhen Gao et al. [R08] , “An English-Chinese Medical Dictionary, Second Edition”compiled by Weiyi Chen et al. [R09] , and other reference dictionaries, we defined over3,800 standard indication terms for translating TCM indications terms from Chinese toEnglish. Among the 3,800 terms, 2,526 terms are actually used in the encyclopedia, inwhich 85% terms are traditional TCM terms and the rest 15% are common modernmedicinal terms. Some typical examples of traditional TCM indication terms are asfollows:yin vacuity internal heatyin vacuity lung drynessyin vacuity tidal feverchest impedimentchest impediment and heart painchest impediment and heart pain over backchest oppression and painchest oppression with breathe harddistention pain in rib-sidedistention pain in stomach ductdistention pain in stomach duct and abdomenexternally contracted summer heat-dampexternally contracted wind evilexternally contracted wind-coldexternally contracted wind-heatknocks and fallssoressores clove boilswelling of sores and boilssore scab and lichentoxin swelling of soresIn summary, this encyclopedia provides a collection of more than 23,000 TCMchemical components isolated from natural resources and a large number ofpharmacological activity data of these components. It may be used not only as ahandbook to look for structures and pharmacological activities of TCM chemicalcomponents and source plant information, but also a fundamental platform for studyingTCM with a systematic and integrative approach.

xvAcknowledgementsWe, the authors, would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Georga W.A. Milne,former chief editor of JCICS of American Chemical Society. Dr. Milne originally urgedus to open a long-term project on TCM information study in 1993. From that time on,he has been supporting and helping us in many aspects.We would like to thank a number of Chinese scientists who are working on TCMrelated fields for their support, help and information. Among them, special thanks aregiven to Prof. Peigen Xiao (member of Chinese Engineering Academy, Institute ofMedicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking UnionMedical College), Pref. Guanhua Du (Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy ofMedical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College), Prof. Weiliang Wong (ChinaAcademy of Chinese Medical Sciences), and Prof. Luhua Lai (Peking University).We would like to thank the leaders and colleagues of the Institute of ProcessEngineering (IPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) for their understanding,support, and help. Particularly, thanks go to Prof. Mooson Kwauk (member of the CAS),Prof. Jinghai Li (member of the CAS, Vice president of CAS), Prof. Zhihong Xu, Prof.Zhiguo Su, Prof. Suojiang Zhang (Director of IPE), Prof. Yunfa Chen (Vice director ofIPE), Prof. Huizhou Liu, Prof. Zhangyuan Yang, Prof. Hao Wen, and Prof. Xiaoxia Li.We would like to thank our colleagues and students in the Molecule Design Groupin the Lab of Computer Chemistry (LCC) for their indispensable contributionsincluding information search, data collection, software development and technicalsupport, etc. Among them, special thanks are given to Mr. Wucheng Tang, Ms.Hongping Xu, Ms. Qi Li, Asso. Prof. Dianfang Cao, Dr. Xianfeng He, Dr. Min He, Dr.Jianfeng Pei, Dr. Tao Peng, Dr. Jing Lei, Dr. Aihua Xie, Dr. Chengzhong Liao, Dr.Aijun Lu, Dr. Bing Liu, Dr. Haibo Liu, and Master Yingxin Qiao.Cordial thanks are also given to Asso. Prof. Lanying Zhao, Asso. Prof. PeiwuWang and Asso. Prof. Yuanzhang Luo for their toilsome work on information collectionin the early stage of the project.Finally, we would like to give heartfelt thanks to our family members. Withouttheir complete and never-ending support, this book would never have been completed.

xviCore References(Comprehensive data sources of TCM plants)R01 Jiangsu New Medical College Ed., Chinese Medicine Dictionary, ShanghaiScience and technology Press, Shanghai, 1979R02 Huiyuan Zhang, Zhiying Zhang, Zunsun Yue, Rongling Guo, et al., Brief Flora ofChinese medicine, Science Press, Beijing, 1994R03 Chinese Materia Medica Editing Committee of the National Chinese Medicineand Pharmacology Bureau, Chinese Materia Medica (“ZHONG HUA BEN CAO”),Vol. 1–Vol. 30, Shanghai Science and technology Press, Shanghai, 1999R04 J. Buckingham (Executive Editor), Dictionary of Natural Products, Chapman &Hall, London, Vol. 1–Vol. 7 1994; Vol. 8, 1995; Vol. 9, 1996; Vol. 10, 1997; Vol.11, 1998(English translation tools)R05 Nigel Wiseman, English-Chinese, Chinese-English Dictionary of ChineseMedicine, Hunan Science and Technology Press, Chang Sha, 1996R06 Nigel Wiseman, English-Chinese, Chinese-English Dictionary of Chinese Medicine,Second Edition, Hunan Science and Technology Press, Chang Sha, 2007R07 Nigel Wiseman and Ye Feng, A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine, SecondEdition, Paradigm Publications, Brookline, Massachusetts, 1998R08 Guangzhen Gao, Yixiang Yuan, Jixue Ren and Long Huang, Chinese-EnglishDictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People’s Medical Publishing House,Beijing, 1996R09 Weiyi Chen et al., An English-Chinese Medical Dictionary, Second Edition,Shanghai Science and technology Press, Shanghai, 1997(Names of plant, bacteria, fungus)R10 Yutang Zhao and Jinxiang Ji, Dictionarium Latino-Sinicum Nominum ScientificorumPlantarum, Jilin Science and Technology Press, Ji Lin, 1988R11 Zongxun Wang et al. (Institute of Botany, Chinese academy of Sciences), NewEdited Plant Names in Latin-Chinese-English, Aerial Industry Press, Beijing, 1996R12 M. Wrobel and G. Creber, Elsevier’s Dictionary of Plant Names in Latin, English,French, German and Italian, Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, 1996R13 Jiaran Zhu et al., Dictionary of Seed-plant Names Latin-Chinese-English, SecondEdition, Science Press, Beijing, 2001R14 Jiwu Wang, et al., Dictionary of Medicinal Plants, Tianjin Science and technologyPress, Tianjin, 2005R15 Miaoying Cai, et al., Names of Bacteria, Second Edition, Science Press, Beijing, 1996R16 C. J. Alexopoulos, M. Blackwell and C. W. Mims, (Yijian Yao and Yu Litranslated), Introductory Mycology, Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,1996, Chinese Agricultural Press, Beijing, 2002

xvii(Comprehensive data sources of compounds)R17 Tatsuo Karikome, Wenben Yang translated, Phytochemistry, Science Press,Beijing, 1985R18 Jiwu Wang, et al., Handbook of Effective Components in Vegetal Medicines,People Health Press, Beijing, 1986R19 Zhenyu Song, et al., Modern Studies of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Vol. 1 to Vol. 3,Union Press of Beijing Medical University and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing, 1995, 1996, 1997R20 Wenji Sun, et al., Brief Handbook of Natural Active Compounds, MedicinalScience and Technology Press of China, Beijing, 1998R21 Kee Chang Huang, The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs, Second Edition, CRCPress, Boka Raton, London, NewYork, Washington D.C., 1999R22 Huifang Chen, et al., Lexicon of Active Components in Plants, Vol. 1 to Vol. 3,Medicinal Science and Technology Press of China, Beijing, 2001R23 Hangdong Sun, et al., Diterpenoids from Isodon Species, Science Press, Beijing, 2001R24 M. Ou, et al., Brief Handbook of Components of Traditional Chinese Medicines,The People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing, 2003R25 Xiaotian Liang, et al., Fundamental Research on Common Traditional ChineseMedicines. Vol. 1, Vol. 2, Science Press, Beijing, 2003, 2007R26 Fakui Chen, Xiaoqiu Liu, et al., Determination of Effective Components inTraditional Chinese Medicines, People’s Medical Publishing House, Beijing, 2009(Other dictionaries)R27 Jisheng Chen, et al., English-Chinese Dictionary of Life Science, Scientific andtechnological Literature Press, Beijing, 1992R28 Scientific Terms Laboratory of Science Press, English-Chinese BiologicalDictionary, Second Edition, Science Press, Beijing, 1997R29 Scientific Terms Laboratory of Science Press, Chinese-English BiologicalDictionary, Science Press, Beijing, 1998R30 J. G. Harris and M. W. Harris, (Yufei Wang, et al., translated) PlantIdentification Terminology: An Illustrated Glossary, Spring Lake Publishing,Payson UT, 2001, Science Press, Beijing, 2001R31 Rensheng Xu, et al., Chemistry of Natural Products, Second Edition, SciencePress, Beijing, 2004R32 Jingying Tan, English-Chinese Biological Dictionary of Biochemistry andMolecular Biology, Second Edition, Science Press, Beijing, 2007R33 Wenbao Chang, et al., Dictionary of Chemistry, Science Press, Beijing, 2008

How to Use the Books1. Three Kinds of “Many to Many” RelationshipsTo help readers effectively search and use of the books, authors strongly suggestreaders being familiar with the structure of the encyclopedia and certain importantlinkers or pointers between different data sets.Firstly, in order to avoid confusing cases, please keep in mind the following threefeatures of the book:(a) In the encyclopedia, all of pharmacological data belong to compounds, not toplants. In other words, the encyclopedia doesn’t include plants’ pharmacological data.(b) All effect and indication terms belong to TCM plants, not to compounds. Andalmost all of effect terms as well as 85% indication terms are pure Chinese traditionalconcepts.(c) In the encyclopedia, there are three kinds of “many to many” relationships: (i),compounds to plants, which is the most important relationship. (ii), pharmacologicaldata to compounds in the molecular level only. (iii), plants to effects/indications in thespecies level.Pharm. data ↔ Compound 1Pharm. data ↔ Compound 2Plant T0001 ↔ effects, indicationsPlant T0002 ↔ effects, indicationsPharm. data ↔ Compound 3 ↔ Plant T0003 ↔ effects, indications…………..………….Pharm. data ↔ Compound 23032Pharm. data ↔ Compound 23033(Molecular level)Plant T6925 ↔ effects, indicationsPlant T6926 ↔ effects, indications(Species level)Sketch Map of Three Important “Many to Many” Relationships2. Seven Useful IndexesIn Volume 6, there are seven indexes for data searching.The indexes 1-3 are tools to search compounds from different starting-points:Index 1 (Compound Pharmacological Activity Index) links pharmacological termsxix

xxwith related compound codes. For example, if there is a question as:“Which compounds have in vitro cytotoxic activity against human breast cancercells?”From the index 1, the answer can easily be obtained as follows:Cytotoxic, BC hmn breast cancer cells 24, 349, 526, 2244, 3416, 3429, 3708, 4775, 5095,6759, 6759, 6759, 12453, 12454, 15494, 15495, 18515, 20671.Cytotoxic, BC-1 hmn breast cancer cells 1277, 2260, 5064, 5327, 6759, 6759, 8220, 8221,8222, 8235, 10250, 10297, 10511, 11353, 13489, 13490, 13491, 13492, 13493, 13494,13495, 15919, 17008, 18866, 20809.Cytotoxic, BCA-1 hmn breast cancer cells 6759, 13468, 13469, 13470, 15739.Cytotoxic, Bcap37 hmn breast cancer cells 843, 11392, 13123, 16183, 17717, 18499.Then, from compounds code numbers, one can get detailed data for eachcompound.Index 2 (Compound Molecular Formula Index) connects a molecular formula toits all isomers. For example, there are five isomers with formula C 45 H 76 O 18 :C 45 H 76 O 18Abutiloside F, 40Asp-IV, 1905Asp-V, 1906Trigoneoside IIIa, 21669Trigoneoside IIIb, 21670Index 3 (Compound Synonym Index) is useful for searching a compound from aknown name. A strong suggestion to readers is that when searching a compound from aknown name, to search twice probably is necessary: firstly from entry title in theencyclopedia text and then from the index 3.The indexes 4–7 are tools to search TCM plants:Index 4 (TCM Plant English Name Index) links a Plant English Name to othernames of the plant, for example:Chinese Angelica = T0495 Angelica sinensis = DANG GUISiberian Phlojodicarpus = T4804 Phlojodicarpus sibiricus = ZHANG GUO QINDahurian Angelica = T0478 Angelica dahurica [Syn. Angelica porphyrocaulis] = BAI ZHIGigantic Angelica = T0483 Angelica gigas = CHAO XIAN DANG GUINarrowleaf Angelica = T0476 Angelica anomala = XIA YE DANG GUIIndex 5 (TCM Plant PIN-YIN and Chinese Name Index) links PIN-YIN name toLatin name and/or English name, for example:BAI HUA QIAN HU = T4768 Peucedanum praeruptorum = Whiteflower HogfennelBAI HUA SHE GAN = T3457 Iris dichotoma = Vesper IrisBAI HUA SHE SHE CAO = T4485 Oldenlandia diffusa [Syn. Hedyotis diffusa] = Spreading HedyitisIndex 6 (TCM Plant Traditional Effects Index) and Index 7 (TCM PlantTraditional Indications Index) connect specific effect and/or indication to related plants.

xxiFor example, to search all plants with effect “nourish heart and quiet spirit”, the resultis:nourish heart and quiet spirit:T0944 Biota orientalis [Syn. Thuja orientalis; Platycladus orientalis],T1292 Celastrus orbiculatus [Syn. Celastrus articulatus],T1381 Choerospondias axillaris,T4194 Menyanthes trifoliata,T4400 Nelumbo nucifera,T4902 Pimpinella thelungiana,T5108 Polygonum multiflorum,T5497 Rhodiola kirilowii,T5701 Salvia yunnanensis.If searching all plants with indication “angina pectoris” (a modern medicinal term),“externally contracted wind-cold” (a TCM term), and “externally contracted wind-heat”(a TCM term), you will obtain the following results:angina pectoris: T1215 Carthamus tinctorius, T1395 Chrysanthemum morifolium [Syn. Dendranthemamorifolium], T1775 Crataegus pinnatifida, T1778 Crataegus pinnatifida var. major, T2274 Dryobalanopsaromatica, T2389 Epimedium acuminatum, T2390 Epimedium brevicornum, T2392 Epimedium davidii, T2394Epimedium elongatum, T2398 Epimedium koreanum, T2401 Epimedium pubescens, T2402 Epimediumsagittatum, T2404 Epimedium sutchuenense, T2406 Epimedium wushanense, T2846 Ganoderma japonicum[Syn. Ganoderma sinense], T2848 Ganoderma lucidum, T2964 Ginkgo biloba, T3388 Ilex chinensis [Syn. Ilexpurpurea], T3396 Ilex pubescens, T3397 Ilex pubescens var. glaber, T3875 Liriope spicata var. prolifera,T3925 Loranthus parasiticus [Syn. Loranthus chinenis; Taxillus chinensis], T3926 Loropetalum chinense,T4303 Moschus moschiferus; Moschus berezovskii; Moschus sifanicus, T4507 Ophiopogon japonicus, T4608Panax pseudo-ginseng var. notoginseng [Syn. Panax notoginseng], T4953 Piper longum, T5312 Puerariaedulis, T5313 Pueraria lobata [Syn. Pueraria thunbergiana; Pueraria pseudohirsuta], T5316 Puerariaomeiensis, T5318 Pueraria phaseoloides, T5320 Pueraria thomsonii, T5680 Salvia miltiorrhiza, T5681 Salviamiltiorrhiza f. alba, T5688 Salvia przewalskii, T6510 Trichosanthes kirilowii, T6513 Trichosanthes rosthornii[Syn. Trichosanthes uniflora], T6584 Typha angustata, T6585 Typha angustifolia, T6587 Typha latifolia.externally contracted wind-cold: T4039 Magnolia grandiflora, T4445 Notopterygium forbesii [Syn.Notopterygium franchetii], T4446 Notopterygium incisum, T4956 Piper mullesua, T5727 Saposhnikoviadivaricata [Syn. Ledebouriella seseloides].externally contracted wind-heat: T0480 Angelica decursiva [Syn. Peucedanum decursivum], T1395Chrysanthemum morifolium [Syn. Dendranthema morifolium], T1933 Cyclea sutchuenensis, T2798 Fritillariaverticillata var. thunbergii [Syn. Fritillaria thunbergii], T3819 Ligusticum brachylobum, T4413 Nepetacataria, T4761 Peucedanum longshengens, T4768 Peucedanum praeruptorum, T4769 Peucedanum rubricaule,T6791 Vitex rotundifolia [Syn. Vitex trifollia var. simplicifolia], T6793 Vitex trifolia.3. Data Survey Example of Compound EntryAt last, we would like to take Ursolic acid (compound code 22270 in the books) asa data survey example. Under this compound there are a quite number of data asfollows:

xxii22270 Ursolic acidβ-Ursolic acid [77-52-1] C 30 H 48 O 3 (456.72).White solid powder (chloroform–methanol), mp 298~294ºC, 265~267ºC.HOHHOHHOPharm: (27 items)Cytotoxic (KB, ED 50 > 25μg/mL, control Doxorubicin, ED 50 = 0.12μg/mL; Hep3B, ED 50 >25μg/mL, control Doxorubicin, ED 50 = 0.14μg/mL; Colon205, ED 50 > 25μg/mL,control Doxorubicin, ED 50 = 0.10μg/mL; HeLa, ED 50 > 25μg/mL, control Doxorubicin,ED [4369] 50 = 0.11μg/mL) ;cytotoxic (in vitro, HONE-1 cell, IC 50 = (8.8±1.5)μmol/L, control Etoposide, IC 50 =(0.5±0.2)μmol/L, cis-Platin, IC 50 = (3.2±0.5)μmol/L; KB cell, IC 50 = (8.2±2.7)μmol/L,Etoposide, IC 50 = (0.9±0.3)μmol/L, cis-Platin, IC 50 = (4.4±0.9)μmol/L; HT29 cell, IC 50= (4.7±1.5)μmol/L, Etoposide, IC 50 = (2.4±0.5)μmol/L, cis-Platin, IC 50 =(5.7±1.1)μmol/L) [5254] ;antineoplastic (liver cancer cells in vitro, mus ascites carcinoma in vivo, life wasprolonged);antibacterial (Escherichia coli, IZD = 13~15mm, control Chloramphenicol, IZD =16~20mm, control DMSO (4%), IZD < 10mm; Staphylococcus aureus, IZD =10~12mm, control Chloramphenicol, IZD = 16~20mm, control DMSO (4%), IZD

xxivRONG SHU Ficus microcarpa (aerial root),SHAN DI XIANG CHA CAI Isodon oresbia,SHAN LI HONG Crataegus pinnatifida var. major,SHAN ZHA Crataegus pinnatifida (fruit: content scope = 0.31%~0.56%) [5501] ,SHAN ZHU YU Cornus officinalis [Syn. Macrocarpium officinale] (dried ripe fruit: contentscope = 0.24%~0.32% [5501] , mean content = 0.263%)[5508] ,SHI NAN Photinia serrulata (leaf: mean content = 1.50%) [5508] ,SHI SHENG BIAN LEI Gentianopsis paludosa,SHI YE Diospyros kaki (dried leaf: mean content = 0.784%) [5508] ,SHU HUA JIE CAO Valeriana laxiflora (aerial parts and root),SUAN ZAO Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (ripe fruit: content = 0.030%) [5508] ,SUO YANG Cynomorium songaricum (fleshy stem: content = 0.78%) [5508] ,WEI LING CAI Potentilla chinensis,WU GENG WU JIA PI Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (fruit),XIA KU CAO Prunella vulgaris (dried spike: content = 0.780%) [5508] ,YANG MEI SHU PI Myrica rubra (bark: content = 0.027%),YE SHAN ZHA Crataegus cuneata (dried ripe fruit: mean content of 3 origins =0.399%)[5508] ,YI LANG QING LAN Dracocephalum kotschyi,ZHI ZI Gardenia jasminoides [Syn. Gardenia florida] (dried ripe fruit: mean content =0.041%)[5508] ,ZHOU YE LU TI CAO Pyrola rugosa (whole herb: content = 3.00%) [5508] ,Cussonia bancoensis,Occurs in many plants.Ref: 4, 367, 428, 454, 501, 592, 595, 600, 658, 660, 2579, 3005, 3061, 4084, 4163, 4369,4415, 4527, 4767, 4772, 4986, 4994, 5016, 5254, 5315, 5382, 5387, 5341, 5496, 5501,5508.

xxviDGAT Diacylglycerol acyltransferasedil. diluteDIZ Diameter of Inhibitory ZoneDMBA 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (carcinogen); 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene(carcinogen)DMDP (2R,3R,4R,5R)-2,5-DihydroxyMethyl-3,4-Dihydroxy-PyrrolidineDMSO DiMethyl SulphOxideDNA deoxyribonucleic acidDNJ 1-Deoxynojirimucin (one kind of polyhydroxy alkaloid, glucosidaseinhibitor)DOX doxorubicinDPI DiphenyleneiodoniumDPPH 1,1-DiPhenyl-2-PicrylHydrazyl free radicalDS8000 Dextran sulphate, prepared from average Mr 8000DSCG DiSodium ChromoGlycate (anti-allergic agent)dw dried weightE.A. Enzyme ActivityEBV-EA Epstein-Barr Virus Early AntigenEC Effective ConcentrationEC 50EDmedium Effective ConcentrationEffective DoseED 25 Effective Dose for 25%ED 50medium Effective Dose (in some cases for the mediumEffective Concentration)EGCG (EGCg) (-)-Epigallocatechin gallateEGF Epidermal Growth Factor (it protects MPP + -induced cell death)EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor ReceptorELAM-1 Endothelial-Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule-1ELISA Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assayeotaxin eosinophilous cytotaxinERK Extracellular signal-Regulated KinaseET experimental timesFAG Fagomine (one kind of polyhydroxy alkaloid, glucosidase inhibitor)FCA Freund's complete adjuvantFI Feeding Index (= ((C-T)/(C+T)×100)Flu-A influenza virus type AfMLP N-formyl-L-Methionyl-L-Leucyl-L-Phenylalaninefp freezing pointFR 50 Feeding ratio when the consumed area of control disc (CCD) is 50%[FR = CTD(consumed area of treated disc)/CCD]fw fresh weightG6PD Glucose-6-Phosphate DehydrogenaseGABA γ-aminobutyric acidGaIN galactosamineGI growth inhibitionGI 50 the concentration of sample necessary to inhibit the growth to 50% ofthe controlGlu glutamateGOT Glutamate-Oxaloacetate TransaminaseGp Gastro protective effectgpg guinea pigGPT GlutamicPyruvic TransaminaseGRO Growth-Related OncogeneGSH Glutathione; N-(N-L-γ-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)glycineGTP Guanosine TriPhosphateGVHR Graft-Versus-HostReactionh hourHAD hmn immunodeficiency virus associated dementiaHBeAg hmn type B Hepatitis, e AntigenHBsAg hmn type B Hepatitis, Surface AntigenHBV Hepatitis B VirusHC 50medium Hemolytic ConcentrationHCoV-229E hmn coronavirus strain 229EHD Huntington’s diseaseHER rat Hypertensive Essential RatHIV hmn immunodeficiency virusHIV-1 hmn immunodeficiency virus type 1HIV-1 IN hmn immunodeficiency virus type 1 integraseHIV-1 RT hmn immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptaseHIV-RT hmn immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptasehmn humanHSV-1 herpes simplex virus 1HSV-2 herpes simplex virus 2HVA homovanillic acidhydroxyl radical OH •ia intra-arterial injectionIAA indole-3-acetic acidICIC 50IC 100ICAM-1Inhibiting Concentrationmedian Inhibiting ConcentrationAbsolute Inhibiting ConcentrationIntercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1ICR Imprinting Control Region mouseid intradermal injectionID Inhibiting DoseID 50 Median Inhibiting DoseIFN interferonIFN-γ Interferon-γIgE Immunoglobulin EIgG Immunoglobulin GIL interleukinIL-1 Interleukin-1IL-1α interleukin-1αIL-1β interleukin-1βIL-2 Interleukin-2IL-4 Interleukin-4IL-6 Interleukin-6IL-8 Interleukin-8IL-10 Interleukin-10IL-12 Interleukin-12im intramuscular injectionin vitro in vitroin vivo in vivoIndo indomethaciniNOS inducible Nitric Oxide SynthaseInRt inhibitive rateip intraperitoneal injection

xxviii.t. intrathecal injectioniv intravenous injectionIZA Inhibition Zone Area (mm 2 )IZD Inhibition Zone Diameter (mm)J774.A1 murine monocyte/macrophage cell J774.A1JNK c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinaseKD 50LC 50Dose required to Knock down 50% of the population of insectsconcentration at which only 50% of the cell are viableLC 50 concentration of inhibiting luminous intensity 50%LCIC Lowest Complete Inhibition ConcentrationLD Lethal DoseLD 100LD 50LDHLDLL-NA100% Lethal Dosemedium Lethal Doselactate dehydrogenaseLow Density LipoproteinN ω -L-nitroarginineL-NMMA N G -monomethyl-L-arginineLOX LipoxygenaseLPO lipid peroxidationLPS lipopolysaccharideLTB 4 Leukotriene B 4LTC 4 Leukotriene C 4LTD 4 Leukotriene D 4MA maytenfolic acidMA maslinic acidMA minimal amountMABA Microplate Alamar Blue AssayMAC-1 integrin MAC-1MAO-A Monoamine oxidase AMAO-B Monoamine oxidase BMAPK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinaseMCC Minimum Cytocidal ConcentrationMCP Monocyte Chemotactic ProteinMCTHBE Minimum Concentration for Total Haemolysis of BovineErythrocytes (μg/mL)MDA Methylene Dihydroxy AmphetamineMDA MalondialdehydeMDR MultiDrug ResistanceMED Minimal Effective DoseMFC Minimal Fungicidal ConcentrationMIA Minimal Inhibitory Amounts (μg/disc)MIC Minimum Inhibitory ConcentrationMIC 80 Minimal Inhibitive Concentration for 80%MIC 90 Minimal Inhibitive Concentration for 90%min minuteMIP-1α/β macrophage inflammatory proteinMIQ Minimum inhibitory quantity (μg)MK-801 dizocipline maleate (a non-competitive antagonist of the NMDAreceptor)MLC Minimum Lethal ConcentrationMLD Minimum Lethal DoseMMDC Minimal Morphological Deformation ConcentrationMMOC Mouse Mammary Organ Culture modelMMP Matrix MetalloProteinasesMMP-2 Matrix MetalloProteinase-2mp melting pointmPGES microsomal ProstaGlandin E SynthaseMPP+ 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (neurotoxin)MRSA Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMSSA Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureusMTC Minimal Toxic ConcentrationMTT A Cytotoxicity measurement method (tetrazolium-based colorimetricassay used for cytotoxicity bioassay, see Rubinstein L. V., et al., Nat.Cancer Inst., 82, 1113-1118, 1990)mus mousen number of parallel experimentsnAChR neuronal nicotinic AcetylCholine ReceptorNADH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideNADPH cytochrome C reductaseNCCLS A standard antibecterial activity test method (see Wayne P. A.,“National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards PerformanceStandards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests,”6th ed.,Approved standards M2-A6. NCCLS, 1997)NDGA Nordihydroguaiaretic acidNEP Neutral EndoPeptidaseNF Nuclear FactorNF-κB Nuclear Factor κBNFAT Nuclear Factor of Activated T cellNGF Nerve Growth FactorNMDA N-methyl-D-aspartateNO nitric oxidenon-orl paraoralNOR1 (+/-)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexenamidNOS-2 Nitric oxide synthase type-2OCIF OsteoClastogenesis-Inhibitory Factororl oralOVA ovalbuminoxazolone oxazoloneOZ opsonized zymosanP450 Cytochrome P450PAF Platelet Activating FactorPAF Platelet Aggregation FactorPAI-1 Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor type 1Para-3 (=PIV3) Parainfluenza type 3 virusPBMC hmn Peripheral Blood Mononuclear CellPCA reaction Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis reactionPD Parkinson’s DiseasePD a cytotoxic modelpD2 (=pEC 50 ) negative logarithm (−logM) of the concentration required toproduce 50% of the maximum response (EC 50 )PDE phosphodiesterasePDTC pyrrolidine dithiocarbamatePEBP2αA polyoma enhancer binding protein 2αApEC 50 negative logarithm (−logM) of the concentration required toproduce 50% of the maximum response (EC 50 )

54 السويد كتاب الجيبالسويد كتاب الجيب55Nu är det jul igen, och nu är det jul igen,och julen varar än till påskaMen det var inte sant, nej det var inte sant,för där emellan kommer fasta!في ليلة عيد الميلاد يتبادل الناس‏ الهدايا.‏ أما أطعمة عيد الميلاد julmatenالتقليدية فإنها تتضمن مشلا فخذ الخنزير،‏ أضلاع الخنزير المشويةوخلطة سيلتا من لهم الخنزير وعدة أنواع من سمك الرنكة اخمللل وسمكمعالج بالجير مع صلصة وثريد الرز.‏ في العصور الغابرة عندما كانالإنسان يمارس‏ العمل الشاق في الغابات كان هذا طعاما مفيدا،‏ أما الآنفإننا لا نهتاج إلى نفس‏ الكمية من الطاقة وقد قام كشير من الناس‏بتخفيف كميات الطعام على ماءدة عيد الميلاد.‏يتم الاحتفال بعيد السيد المسيه تقليديا في وقت مبكر من صباه يوم عيدالميلاد حيش تعد الكناءس‏ قداس‏ عيد الميلاد .julotta في العصور الغابرةكان الناس‏ يركبون زحافات تجرها الخيول إلى قداس‏ عيد الميلاد ومجهزةبأجراس‏ صغيرة.‏ أما في الوقت الهالي فيذهب كشير من زوار الكناءس‏ إلىقداس‏ منتصف الليل midnattsmässan في الليلة الواقعة ما بين أمسيةعيد الميلاد ويوم عيد الميلاد.‏يشعر كشير من الناس‏ الذين يعيشون لوحدهم بعزلة إضافية في ليلة عيدالميلاد،‏ وهي ليلة لقاء العاءلات والأقارب.‏ لذلك تعد الكناءس‏ والاتحاداتيستقبل الجميع.‏عيد ميلاد بديلإن عيد الميلاد هو عيد مسيهي ولكن قبل انتشار المسيهية في السويد كان هناكعيد الخصاب fruktbarhetsfest* في أواخر فصل الخريف.‏ وفي فصلحيش كانتالشتاء كان هناك ضهية منتصف الشتاءتذبه الهيوانات تضهية للآلهة ومن ثم توءكل لهوم الضهايا.‏بعد عيد الميلاد بأسبوع يكون قد حل رأس‏ السنة الميلادية وعندها تبدأ‏ الدورةمن جديد!‏ ولكن عيد الميلاد لا ينتهي بذلك بل يهين بعد الاحتفالات المعتادةوكما يتبينبرأس‏ السنة ببضعة أيام موعد عيد الغطاس‏midvinterblot*Trettondedag julalternativ julأغاني اللوسيا وعيد الميلاد وتقدم في بعض‏ الأحيان القهوة وكعكة اللوسياlussekatter وهي تحضر من عجينة الزعفران ويوضع عليها الزبيبوتخبز خصيصا خلال هذه الفترة.‏عيد الميلاد هو أكبر الأعياد في السويد ويهتفل به تخليدا لذكرىميلاد السيد المسيه.‏ يتم التهضير له في بداية شهر ديسمبر وآنذاكوإرسال بطاقاتيهين بدء التفكير بهدايا عيد الميلادالمعايدة إلى الأصدقاء والمعارف.‏ يوم ٢٤ ديسمبر هو يوم أمسيةعيد الميلاد julafton وعندها يكون لدى معظم الناس‏ شجرة عيد الميلادgran في منازلهم إما حقيقية وإما مصنوعة من البلاستيك.‏ تزين شجرةعيد الميلاد بكرات زجاجية لمّاعة وأعلام وبابا نويلات ويشبت علىأغصانها شموع،‏ في أغلب الأحيان الآن على شكل شموع كهرباءية.‏ كما يتمتزيين البيوت بأشياء أخرى تتعلق بعيد الميلاد.‏ في معظم احتفالات عيدالميلاد يمارس‏ الرقص‏ حول شجرة عيد الميلاد وتنشد أناشيد غناءيةمرحة،‏ من المعتاد أن يكون النص‏ كالتاليjulklapparjulkortJulenتتطلّب الأسابيعالسابقة لعيد الميلادجهوداً‏ من معظمالناس.‏ حيش يتوجّبعليهم شراء هداياالعيد والقيام بتنظيفالبيوت وتحضيرالطعام.‏ولكن لعيد الميلادرسالة أخرى أيضاففي الكنيسة،‏ يهتفلبميلاد السيد المسيه.‏fruktbarhetsfest:عيد الخصاب:‏ فيكشير من الشقافاتكان للناس‏ طقوس‏ومهرجانات يتقربونبها للآلهة لتمنههمالخصب في البشروالهيواناتوالمزروعات.‏ وعيدالخصاب لأهلالشمال أحد هذهالطقوس.‏Blotالمصور:‏midvinterblot:ضهية منتصفالشتاء:‏ كان بلوتعنصرا هامافي عبادات أهلالشمال.‏ وتضمنتقديم الأضاحي منالهيوان والمواد بلوحتى من البشرأحيانا.‏ وكانت تأديةالطقوس‏ تليها وليمةمطبوخة من لهمالضهية.‏Tord Harlin / PRESSENS BILDPeter Hoelstad / PRESSENS BILDالمصور:‏-أهل السويدوتقاليدهاأهل السويدوتقاليدها

Cancer Cell CodesThis set of codes for 270 cancer cells, named as CCC code, are defined and tried out in the books for the first timeby the authors.1A9 hmn ovarian cancer (cell).212 inducible Ha-ras oncogene transformed from the NIH/3T3 cell line.308 cultured mouse epidermal cells.3LL mus Lewis lung cancer (cell).3PS mouse leukemia (cell).780-6 renal cancer (cell).9KB hmn epidermatoid nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).9L rat glioma (cell).9PS mouse lymphocytic leukemia (cell).A2780 hmn ovarian cancer (cell).A375 hmn melanoma (cell).A431 hmn epidermic cancer (cell).A498 hmn renal cancer (cell).A549 hmn non-small cell lung cancer (cell).ACHN hmn renal cancer (cell).AGS gastric adenocarcinoma (cell).APM1840 hmn leukemia (cell).B16 mouse melanoma (cell).B16(F-10) mouse melanoma (cell).BAEC bovine aortic endothelial cells.BC hmn breast cancer (cell).BC-1 hmn breast cancer (cell).BCA-1 hmn breast cancer (cell).Bcap37 hmn breast cancer (cell).Bel7402 hmn liver cancer (cell).Bel7405 hmn liver cancer (cell).BGC823 hmn gastric cancer (cell).BIU87 bladder cancer (cell).BL6 mouse melanoma (cell).Bowes skin cancer cells.Bre04 hmn breast cancer (cell).BSY1 breast cancer (cell).BT474 hmn galactophore cancer (cell).BT549 hmn galactophore cancer (cell).BXPC3 pancreas cancer (cell).C6 rat glioma (cell).CA hmn liver cancer (cell).CaEs-17 hmn esophageal cancer (cell).CAKI hmn renal cancer (cell).CAKI-1 hmn renal cancer (cell).Calu1 hmn lung cancer (cell).Capan1 pancreas cancer (cell).Capan2 pancreas cancer (cell).CaSki hmn cervical carcinoma (cell).CEMCHAGOCNECol1Col2COLO320DMColon205Colon26-L5leukemia (cell).hmn undifferentiated lung cancer (cell).hmn nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).hmn colorectal cancer (cell).hmn colorectal cancer (cell).hmn colorectal cancer (cell).colorectal cancer (cell).mus colorectal cancer (cell).COS-7 monkey kidney cells.CPAE calf pulmonary arterial endothelial cells.CT-26 mus colorectal cancer (cell).CTV1 hmn leukemia (cell).CXF94L hmn tumor (cell).DLD hmn colorectal adenocarcinoma (cell).DLD-1 hmn colorectal adenocarcinoma (cell).DMS114 hmn lung cancer (cell).DMS273 hmn lung cancer (cell).DU145 prostatic cancer (cell).EAC Ehrlich ascites cancer (cell).EJ-1 hmn bladder cancer (cell).FM3A mus breast cancer (cell).H.Ep.-2 hmn cutis cancer cells in throat.H116 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).H9 lymphocytes.HBC4 breast cancer (cell).HBC5 breast cancer (cell).HCC2998 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).HCT hmn colorectal cancer (cell).HCT116 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).HCT15 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).xxix

xxxHCT8 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).HEK-293 hmn epithelial kidney cell.HEL hmn embryonic lung fibrocytes.HeLa culture cervical epithelial cancer (cell) from Henrietta Lack.HeLa ATCC-17 hmn cervical epithelial cancer (cell).HeLa-S3 hmn cervical epithelial cancer (cell).HELF normal hmn embryo lung fibroblasts.Hep2 hmn liver cancer (cell).Hep2,2,15 hmn liver cancer (cell) transfected with hepatitis B virus.Hep3B hmn liver cancer (cell).Hepa hmn liver cancer (cell).Hepa1c1c7 mus liver cancer (cell).Hepa59T/VGH hmn liver cancer (cell).HepG2 hmn liver cancer (cell).HEPZ hmn epithelial cancer (cell).HFF hmn foreskin fibroblasts.HGF normal hmn gingival fibroblast cells.HL-60 hmn acute promyelocytic leukemia (cell).HM02 hmn melanoma (cell).HMC-1 hmn leukemic mast cells.HMEC hmn microvascular endothelial cells.HO-8910 hmn ovarian cancer (cell).HOG.R5 green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based reporter cell.HONE-1 hmn nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).HOP-62 non-small cell lung cancer (cell).Hs578T hmn breast cancer (cell).Hs740T hmn gastric cancer (cell).Hs742T hmn breast cancer (cell).Hs756T hmn gastric cancer (cell).HSC-2 hmn oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.HSG hmn salivary gland tumor (cell).HT sarcoma (cell).HT1080 hmn fibrosarcoma (cell).HT29 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).HT3 hmn cervical carcinoma (cell).hTERT-RPE1 hmn telomerase reverse transcriptase-retinal pigmentepithelial cells.Huh7 hmn hepatoma (cell).HUVEC hmn umbilical vein endothelial cell.Jurkat-T hmn T-cell leukemia (cell).K562 hmn leukemia (cell).K562/ADM hmn leukemia (cell) of adriamycin-resistent.Kato3 hmn gastric cancer (cell).KB hmn nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).KB15 hmn nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).KB16 hmn nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).KB3 hmn nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).KBV200 MDR nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).KB-VIN vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma (cell).Ketr3 hmn renal cancer (cell).KG-1 hmn leukemia (cell).KM12 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).KM20L2 hmn colorectal cancer (cell).KU-1L 1210L5178Yhmn bladder cancer (cell).Lymphocytic leukemia (cell).lymphosarcoma (cell).L-6 rat skeletal myoblasts.L 615L 7212mouse spleen leukemia (cell).mouse leukemia (cell).L-929 fibrosarcoma (cell).LLC mouse Lewis lung cancer (cell).LMTK mouse fiber cells.LNCaPLNCaP-FGCLO2LoVoLoVo/DoxoLOXLOX-IMVILS174TLu04Lu1LXFL529Lhmn prostatic cancer (cell).hmn prostatic cancer (cell).hmn liver cell.hmn colorectal cancer (cell).hmn colorectal cancer cell, drug-resistant subclone.melanoma (cell).melanoma (cell).colorectal cancer (cell).hmn lung cancer (cell).hmn lung cancer (cell).hmn large cell lung cancer (cell).M1 mus myelocytic leukemia (cell).M14 melanoma (cell).M4BEU hmn melanoma (cell).M5076 ovarian sarcoma (cell).Ma7373 mus breast cancer (cell).MALME-3MMBT-2MCF7MCF7/6melanoma (cell).mus bladder cancer (cell).hmn breast cancer (cell).hmn breast cancer (cell).MCF7/ADR-RES hmn breast cancer (cell).MCF7-ras hmn breast cancer (cell).MDA231 hmn breast cancer (cell).MDA-MB-231 hmn breast cancer (cell).MDA-MB-435 hmn breast cancer (cell).MDCK Madin-Darby Canine.MEL-28 hmn melanoma cell.Meth-A Meth-A sarcoma (cell).MGc803 hmn gastric adenocarcinoma (cell).MH-60 mus leukemia (cell).MI4 melanoma (cell).MIA-PaCa-2 hmn pancreas cancer (cell).MK1 hmn gastric cancer (cell).MKN1 hmn gastric cancer (cell).MKN28 hmn gastric cancer (cell).MKN45 hmn gastric cancer (cell).MKN7 hmn gastric cancer (cell).MKN74 hmn gastric cancer (cell).MM1 highly invasive clone isolated from parental rat ascites hepatomaAH130 cells.Molt4 hmn lymphoma (cell).Mono-Mac-6 mononuclear cells.MQc80-3 gastric adenocarcinoma (cell).MRC-5 hmn diploid embryonic cells.

xxxiMS301 mus breast cancer (cell).MS310 mus breast cancer (cell).N04 hmn neuroma (cell).NCI-H1417 hmn small cell lung cancer (cell).NCI-H187 hmn small cell lung cancer (cell).NCI-H226 hmn non-small cell lung cancer (cell).NCI-H23 hmn lung cancer (cell).NCI-H460 hmn lung cancer (cell).NCI-H522 hmn lung cancer (cell).NK/LY ascites cancer (cell).NSCLC-N6 hmn non-small cell lung cancer (cell).NUGC hmn gastric cancer (cell).NUGC-3 hmn gastric cancer (cell).NUGC-4 hmn gastric cancer (cell).OVCAR-2780 ovarian adenocarcinoma (cell).OVCAR-3 ovarian adenocarcinoma (cell).OVCAR-4 ovarian adenocarcinoma (cell).OVCAR-5 ovarian adenocarcinoma (cell).OVCAR-8 ovarian adenocarcinoma (cell).P1534 mus, transplanted leukemia (cell).P 388mouse lymphocytic leukemia (cell).P 388 /ADM mouse lymphocytic leukemia (cell) of adriamycin-resistent.PACA-2 hmn pancreas cancer (cell) .PANC1 pancreas cancer (cell).PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells.PC12 hmn lung cancer (cell).PC3 hmn prostatic cancer (cell).PC-6 hmn lung cancer (cell).PLC/PRF/5 hmn liver cancer (cell).PSN1 hmn pancreas cancer (cell).PTX10 ovarian cancer cells with β-tubulin mutation.QGY-7703 hmn liver cancer (cell).RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.RBL-2H3 rat basophilic cells.RL33 rbt lung cancer (cell).RPMI-7951 melanoma (cell).RPMI-8226 leukemia (cell).RXF-393 renal cancer (cell).RXF-631L renal cancer (cell).S 180S37mouse sarcoma (cell).mouse sarcoma (cell).Sca7901 hmn gastric adenocarcinoma (cell).SCL hmn gastric cancer (cell).SCL-37'6 hmn gastric cancer (cell).SCL-6 hmn gastric cancer (cell).SCL-9 hmn gastric cancer (cell).SF268 hmn brain tumor (cell).SF295 hmn brain tumor (cell).SF539 hmn brain tumor (cell).SGC hmn gastric cancer (cell).SGC7901 hmn gastric cancer (cell).SiHa hmn cervical carcinoma (cell).SKBR3 hmn breast cancer (cell).SKCO1 colorectal cancer (cell).SK-MEL hmn caucasian melanoma (cell).SK-MEL-2 hmn melanoma (cell).SK-MEL-28 hmn melanoma (cell).SK-MEL-5 hmn melanoma (cell).SK-MES-1 bronchogenic carcinoma cell.SK-OV-3 ovarian adenocarcinoma (cell).SMMC-7721 hmn liver cancer (cell).SNB75 hmn brain tumor (cell).SNB78 hmn brain tumor (cell).SNU638 hmn gastric adenocarcinoma (cell).SR leukemia (cell).St4 gastric cancer (cell).SVR mouse endothelial cells.SW620hmn colorectal adenocarcinoma (cell).T24 hmn liver cancer (cell).T24S hmn bladder cancer (cell).T47D hmn breast cancer (cell).T98G hmn caucasian gioblastoma (cell).TK10 renal cancer (cell).Tmolt3hmn leukemia (cell).U14 mouse cervical carcinoma (cell).U251 brain tumor (cell).U373 caucasian gioblastoma (cell).U4 mouse cervical carcinoma (cell).U-87-MGU937caucasian gioblastoma (cell).hmn monocytic leukemia (cell).UACC62 melanoma (cell).UO-31 renal cancer (cell).VeroW 256green monkey kidney tumour (cell).rat Walker sarcoma (cell).WEHI-164 mus fibrosarcoma (cell).WHCO1 hmn esophageal cancer (cell).WI-38 hmn lung fibrocyte (normal hmn diploid fibrocyte).WiDr colorectal adenocarcinoma (cell).Wish transformed epithelial tumour (cell).XF-498 hmn tumor (cell).ZR-75-1 hmn breast cancer (cell).

Volume 5Isolated Compounds (T-Z)ReferencesTCM Plants and CongenersJ. Zhou et al., Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines Molecular Structures, Pharmacological Activities, Natural Sourcesand Applications: Vol. 5: Isolated Compounds T-Z, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-16741-6, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 20111

347TCM Plants and CongenersIn this part of the encyclopedia, 2923 TCM original plants (including a few of animals) and 4003 their congeners(with small number of other medicinal plants) list in alphabetical order of Latin names. Total number of plantsdescribed in the encyclopedia are 6926, which are coded as T0001 to T6926.For each TCM plant entry in 2923 TCM plants, data terms are listed as following format:Plant code (a specific code from T0001 to T6926)Latin name (family); PIN-YIN name; English name.Equivalent plant: if any, a sequence of Latin names.Used part: a particular description for the plant.TCM Effects: a sequence of traditional TCM effects terms.TCM Indications: a sequence of traditional TCM indications terms.Isolated compounds: a sequence of compounds codes.For each congeneric plant and other medicinal plant entry in 4003 plants, data terms are listed as following format:Plant code (a specific code from T0001 to T6926)Latin name (family); PIN-YIN name; English name.Isolated compounds: a sequence of compounds codes.AT0001 Abelmoschus manihot (Malvaceae); HUANG SHU KUI HUA; SetoseAbelmoschus. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine andfree strangury, quicken blood and stanch bleeding, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Strangury syndrome, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], retention of afterbirth, swollen wellingabscess and sore toxin, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 10887,11642, 15170, 18317, 18390.T0002 Abelmoschus moschatus [Syn. Hibiscus abelmoschus] (Malvaceae);HUANG KUI; Musk-mallow. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, promote lactation and free stool. TCMIndications: Ardent fever incessant, lung heat cough, dysentery,constipation, postpartum galactostasis, fracture, welling abscess withpus swelling, innominate toxin swelling, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 1027, 7734, 19987.T0003 Abies alba (Pinaceae); OU ZHOU LENG SHAN; European Silver Fir.Isolated compounds: 12843.T0004 Abies balsamea (Pinaceae); XIANG ZHI LENG SHAN; Balsam Fir.Isolated compounds: 3241, 3242, 3243, 4935, 7751, 9669, 11987.T0005 Abies koreana (Pinaceae); CHAO XIAN LENG SHAN; Korean Fir.Isolated compounds: 16370, 19622, 19983, 19987.T0006 Abies nephrolepis (Pinaceae); CHOU LENG SHAN; Khingan Fir.Used part: leaf and bark. TCM Effects: To dispel damp and relievepain. TCM Indications: Pain in lumbus and legs. Isolated compounds:1935, 6201.T0007 Abies sibirica (Pinaceae); XI BO LI YA LENG SHAN; Siberian Fir.Isolated compounds: 1935, 15332.T0008 Abies sp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 3194, 3981, 13594, 18003.T0009 Abies tazaotana (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 16088.Abrus cantoniensis = Abrus fruticulosusT0010 Abrus fruticulosus [Syn. Abrus cantoniensis] (Fabaceae); JI GU CAO;Canton Abrus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:

348Icterohepatitis, stomachache, wind-damp bone pain, stasis pain fromknocks and falls, mammary welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 13,14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 31, 12113, 12307, 20083, 20127.T0011 Abrus precatorius (Fabaceae); XIANG SI TENG; Coralhead PlantVine. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Common cold, swelling painin throat, lung heat cough, mammary welling abscess, sore and boil,hepatitis. Isolated compounds: 11, 24, 26, 27, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 18576,18582.T0012 Abrus precatorius (Fabaceae); XIANG SI ZI; Coralhead Plant. Usedpart: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispelphlegm, kill worms, check vomiting. TCM Indications: Vomiting,welling abscess, parotitis, scab and lichen, wind-damp bone pain.Isolated compounds: 12, 13, 21, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 36,1113, 3040, 3575, 4473, 8095, 8846, 9267, 10877, 12114, 14428,17772, 20083, 20084, 20237, 20369, 21662, 21978.T0013 Abuta imene (Menispermaceae); YI MEI NI A BU TA CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 15792.T0014 Abuta rufescens (Menispermaceae); HONG A BU TA CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 15792.T0015 Abutilon indicum (Malvaceae); MO PAN CAO; Indian Abutilon. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course wind and clear heat, relievecough and transform phlegm, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Common cold, fever, cough, diarrhea, otitis media,deafness, pharyngitis, parotitis, urinary tract infection, swelling toxinof sore and welling abscess, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:4446, 8965, 8966.T0016 Acacia arabica (Fabaceae); A LA BO JIN HE HUAN; Arabian Acacia.Isolated compounds: 7441, 8095, 12714, 17174.T0017 Acacia auriculaeformis (Fabaceae); ER XING JIN HE HUAN;Auriculate Acacia. Isolated compounds: 2016.T0018 Acacia caffra (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6982, 6984, 6986,16197.T0019 Acacia catechu (Fabaceae); HAI ER CHA; Cutechu. Used part: drydecocted paste of branch and trunk without bark. TCM Effects: Tocontract damp, close sores and engender flesh. TCM Indications:Enduring sores, eczema, mouth sore, painful wound from knocks andfalls, bleeding due to external injury, suppurative infection. Isolatedcompounds: 677, 3308, 6853, 6854, 7802, 18305.T0020 Acacia dealbata (Fabaceae); YIN BAI JIN HE HUAN; Silver Wattle.Isolated compounds: 7821.T0021 Acacia galpinii (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6982, 6983, 6984,6985, 6986, 6987, 16197, 16198.T0022 Acacia karroo (Fabaceae); KA LUO JIN HE HUAN; Karroo Acacia.Isolated compounds: 22122.T0023 Acacia luederitzii (Fabaceae); LE SHI JIN HE HUAN; LuederitzAcacia*. Isolated compounds: 9079.T0024 Acacia mearnsii (Fabaceae); HEI JING SHU; Wattle. Isolatedcompounds: 18857, 18858.T0025 Acacia melanoxylon (Fabaceae); HEI MU JIN HE HUAN; AustralianBlackwood. Isolated compounds: 62, 10887.T0026 Acacia mellifera (Fabaceae); JU MI JIN HE HUAN; Honeyed Acacia.Isolated compounds: 2331, 2334, 2338, 10340, 10342, 10573, 13097,13098, 16373.T0027 Acacia mollissima (Fabaceae); ROU JIN HE HUAN; Black Wattle.Isolated compounds: 14899.T0028 Acacia nilotica (Fabaceae); A LA BO JIAO JIN HE HUAN;Gum-arabic Tree. Isolated compounds: 205, 3308, 3551, 5510, 6853,6921, 12715, 18317, 18856.T0029 Acacia sieberiana (Fabaceae); XI BO JIN HE HUAN; Sieber Acacia*.Isolated compounds: 9467, 17863.T0030 Acacia sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 862, 1057, 1282, 5351,6533, 7482, 9467, 13296.T0031 Acacia spirorbis (Fabaceae); LUO XUAN JIN HE HUAN; SpiralAcacia*. Isolated compounds: 9646.T0032 Acacia spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 59, 9598, 17083.T0033 Acacia tortilis ssp. raddiana (Fabaceae); NIU XUAN JIN HE HUAN;Tortile Acacia*. Isolated compounds: 18454, 18455.T0034 Acacia victoria (Fabaceae); WEI DUO LI YA JIN HE HUAN;Bramble Acacia. Isolated compounds: 2036, 2038.T0035 Acalypha hispida (Euphorbiaceae); CU YING MAO TIE XIAN CAI;Chenille Plant, Red-hot Cat’s-tail. Isolated compounds: 4440.T0036 Acanthopanax giraldii [Syn. Acanthopanax giraldii var. inermis;Eleutherococcus giraldii] (Araliaceae); HONG MAO WU JIA PI;Girald Acanthopanax Root-bark. Used part: stem cortex or root cortex.TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, strengthen sinews and bones,quicken blood and disinhibit water. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, hypertonicity and pain, limp wiltingsinew and bone, inability of legs and knees, pain in heart and abdomen,mounting qi [=hernia], knocks and falls, fracture, vacuity and edema.Isolated compounds: 618, 3342, 9276, 16053, 20569.T0037 Acanthopanax giraldii var. hispidus (Araliaceae); MAO GENG HONGMAO WU JIA; Hispidus Girald Acanthopanax. Isolated compounds:11465.Acanthopanax giraldii var. inermis = Acanthopanax giraldiiT0038 Acanthopanax gracilistylus (Araliaceae); WU JIA PI; SlenderstyleAcanthopanax Root-bark. Equivalent plant: Acanthopanaxsessiliflorus, Acanthopanax senticosus. Used part: root cortex. TCMEffects: To dispel wind-damp, supplement liver and kidney, strengthensinews and bones, quicken blood and vessels. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in lumbus and knees, limp wiltingsinew and bone, infant retardation of walking, vacuity and markedemaciation, knocks and falls, fracture, edema, beriberi, damp itchy ingenitals. Isolated compounds: 6754, 12893, 14717, 19777, 19983,20280, 20569.T0039 Acanthopanax japonicus (Araliaceae); RI BEN WU JIA; JapaneseAcanthopanax*. Isolated compounds: 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71,72.T0040 Acanthopanax koreanum (Araliaceae); CHAO XIAN WU JIA; KoreanAcanthopanax*. Isolated compounds: 73, 74, 75, 79, 82, 83, 20486.T0041 Acanthopanax senticosus [Syn. Eleutherococcus senticosus](Araliaceae); CI WU JIA; Manyprickle Acanthopanax. Used part: rootand rhizome. TCM Effects: To boost qi and fortify spleen, supplementkidney and quiet spirit, increase appetite. TCM Indications:Spleen-kidney yang vacuity, vacuity and hypodynamia, inappetence,aching in lumbus and knees, insomnia and frequent dreaming. Isolated

349compounds: 1102, 1576, 3781, 3782, 3783, 4680, 6115, 6204, 6756,7439, 9265, 11428, 11429, 11503, 12916, 13641, 15942, 17412, 18317,18734, 19777, 19983, 20280, 20446, 20569.T0042 Acanthopanax senticosus [Syn. Eleutherococcus senticosus](Araliaceae); CI WU JIA PI; Manyprickle Acanthopanax Root-bark.Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: See Acanthopanax gracilistylus.TCM Indications: See Acanthopanax gracilistylus. Isolatedcompounds: 7439.T0043 Acanthopanax senticosus [Syn. Eleutherococcus senticosus](Araliaceae); CI WU JIA YE; Manyprickle Acanthopanax Leaf.Isolated compounds: 819, 3519, 3520, 6755, 6756, 15365, 16050,19983, 22270.T0044 Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (Araliaceae); WU GENG WU JIA PI;Sessileflower Acanthopanax Root-bark. Used part: root cortex. TCMEffects: See Acanthopanax gracilistylus. TCM Indications: SeeAcanthopanax gracilistylus. Isolated compounds: 85, 86, 87, 88, 3040,3519, 3520, 4680, 16050, 19427, 19777, 19983, 19983, 20369, 20556,22270.T0045 Acanthopanax trifoliatus (Araliaceae); CI SAN JIA; TrifoliateAcanthopanax. Used part: root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dispel wind and disinhibit damp, soothe sinewsand quicken blood. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, sorepharynx, headache, chest pain due to cough, pain in stomach duct,diarrhea and dysentery, pain in rib-side, jaundice, stone strangury,vaginal discharge, wind-damp impediment pain, aching in lumbus andlegs, hypertonicity of sinews and bones, fracture due to knocks andfalls, epidemic parotitis, mammary welling abscess, toxin swelling ofsores, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 91, 92, 93, 11753,12178, 13264, 17371, 20713.T0046 Acanthospermum glabratum (Asteraceae); GUANG CI BAO JU;Glabrous Acanthospermum*. Isolated compounds: 76, 78, 84, 89, 90,5537, 8489, 10148.T0047 Acanthus ebracteatus (Acanthaceae); XIAO HUA LAO SHU LE;Smallflower Acanthus*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: sore and boil withswelling of clove. Isolated compounds: 3815, 6663, 6664, 6665, 6666.T0048 Acanthus ilicifolius (Acanthaceae); LAO SHU LE; Hollyleaf Acanthus.Used part: root or branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, transform phlegm and disinhibit damp, dissipate stasis andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Mumps, scrofula, liver spleenenlargement, stomachache, taxation damage in lumbar muscle,phlegm-heat cough asthma, jaundice, white turbidity, acute hepatitis,chronic hepatitis. Isolated compounds: 63, 77, 1476, 1494, 1557, 2229,3554, 4136, 4137, 5765, 5766, 8666, 10988, 10989, 10990, 11642,15935, 18317.T0049 Acer ginnala (Aceraceae); CHA TIAO QI; Amur Maple. Used part:tender leaf. TCM Effects: To clear liver and brighten eyes. TCMIndications: Headache due to externally contracted wind-heat, liverfire and red eyes, clouded flowery vision. Isolated compounds: 95,7441.T0050 Acer nikoense (Aceraceae); MAO GUO QI; Nikoo Maple. Isolatedcompounds: 96, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 1522, 2296,3308, 3399, 3831, 3832, 4055, 5786, 6233, 6853, 6923, 7007, 7942,7944, 8311, 10384, 10614, 15595, 18740, 18795, 18797, 19175,19542, 21897, 21923, 22332.T0051 Acer okamotoanum (Aceraceae); CHAO XIAN WU JIAO FENG;Okamoto Maple. Isolated compounds: 18340.T0052 Acer platanoides (Aceraceae); NUO WEI QI; Norway Maple. Isolatedcompounds: 16836.T0053 Acer pseudoplatanus (Aceraceae); OU YA QI; Great Maple. Isolatedcompounds: 14358.T0054 Acer rubrum (Aceraceae); HONG HUA QI; Red Maple. Isolatedcompounds: 8118, 8971.T0055 Acer saccharinum (Aceraceae); YIN BAI QI; Silver Maple. Isolatedcompounds: 3983, 8971, 19910.T0056 Acer saccharum (Aceraceae); TANG QI; Sugar Maple. Isolatedcompounds: 20446.T0057 Acer sp. (Aceraceae). Isolated compounds: 4055, 8311.T0058 Achillea ageratifolia (Asteraceae); XI LA SHI CAO; Greek Yarrow.Isolated compounds: 14692.T0059 Achillea alexandri-regis (Asteraceae); SAI ER WEI YA SHI CAO;Serbian Yarrow. Isolated compounds: 1110, 1113, 1750, 1751, 1752,1753, 3695, 5414, 10346, 10347, 10348, 10349, 13497, 13498, 13499,13500, 17415, 19087, 19983.T0060 Achillea alpina [Syn. Achillea sibirica] (Asteraceae); YI ZHI HAO;Alpine Yarrow. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andrelieve pain, quicken blood, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Bleedingof digestive tract, bleeding from hemorrhoids, acute enteritis, infectionfrom wounds, gastrointestinal ulcer, common cold with fever, headwind headache, toothache, wind-damp impediment pain, abdominalpain, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, abdominal lump glomus, knocksand falls, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, snake bite.Isolated compounds: 538, 552, 553, 3048, 3464, 4749, 8228.T0061 Achillea asiatica (Asteraceae); YA ZHOU SHI; Asiatic Yarrow.Isolated compounds: 1201, 1202, 1203.T0062 Achillea fragrantissima (Asteraceae); JI XIANG SHI CAO;Extreme-fragrant Yarrow*. Isolated compounds: 3743.T0063 Achillea holosericea (Asteraceae); XI LA SI MAO SHI; GreekSilk-hair Yarrow*. Isolated compounds: 287, 16432.T0064 Achillea leptophylla (Asteraceae); XI YE SHI; Fine-leaved Yarrow.Isolated compounds: 20505.T0065 Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae); YANG SHI CAO; Common Yarrow.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, quicken blood,relieve pain, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, knocks and falls, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, swelling toxinof welling abscess and sore, bleeding from hemorrhoids. Isolatedcompounds: 538, 1476, 1792, 2071, 2325, 2550, 2555, 2557, 2887,3241, 3242, 4550, 4749, 7521, 7557, 7881, 8031, 11754, 14757,14854, 19211, 20369, 21331, 21350, 21618, 21662, 22461.T0066 Achillea moschata (Asteraceae); SHE XIANG SHI CAO; MuskyYarrow. Isolated compounds: 2325, 3464, 7521.Achillea sibirica = Achillea alpinaT0067 Achillea sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 552, 2044, 5236,13605.T0068 Achillea spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 17719, 19312.T0069 Achillea wilsoniana (Asteraceae); YUN NAN SHI; Wilson Yarrow.

350Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain, resolve toxin and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain, stomachache, toothache,stasis swelling from knocks and falls, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 538.T0070 Achras spp. (Sapotaceae). Isolated compounds: 13098.T0071 Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae); TU NIU XI; CommonAchyranthes. Equivalent plant: Achyranthes aspera var. indica. Usedpart: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipatestasis, dispel damp and disinhibit urine, clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorder,knocks and falls, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, strangury, edema,fever due to external contraction, malaria, dysentery, sore pharynx,swollen welling abscess and clove sores. Isolated compounds: 539,540, 541, 542, 6679, 22044.T0072 Achyranthes aspera var. indica (Amaranthaceae); DUN YE TU NIUXI; Obtuseleaf Achyranthes. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: See Achyranthes aspera. TCM Indications: See Achyranthesaspera. Isolated compounds: 6679.T0073 Achyranthes bidentata (Amaranthaceae); NIU XI; TwotoothAchyranthes. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement liver andkidney, strengthen sinews and bones, quicken blood and regulatemenstruation, disinhibit urine and free strangury. TCM Indications:Aching in lumbus and knees, amenorrhea due to blood stasis,dysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, concretionand conglomeration, retention of placenta, heat strangury, bloodstrangury, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess and malign sore,swelling pain in throat. Isolated compounds: 543, 544, 2363, 2364,3525, 3615, 5404, 6679, 11067, 11068, 11069, 16050, 19043, 20168,20169.T0074 Achyranthes fauriei (Amaranthaceae); RI BEN NIU XI; JapaneseAchyranthes. Isolated compounds: 11067.T0075 Acnistus arborescens (Solanaceae); BA XI YE YAN; Brazilian WildTobacco, Marianeira. Isolated compounds: 302, 5324.T0076 Aconitum anthora (Ranunculaceae); HUANG WU TOU; YellowMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 1964.T0077 Aconitum balfourii (Ranunculaceae); YA DONG WU TOU; YadongMonkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Aconitumcarmichaeli. TCM Indications: See Aconitum carmichaeli. Isolatedcompounds: 18017.T0078 Aconitum barbatum var. puberulum [Syn. Aconitum ochranthum](Ranunculaceae); NIU BIAN; Puberulent Monkshood. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relieve pain, relieve cough andtransform phlegm, calm asthma. TCM Indications: Wind-damp withpainful swollen joints, pain in lumbus and legs, asthma and cough,scrofula, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 12510, 13169, 18166,18167, 18168, 18169, 18531.T0079 Aconitum brachypodum (Ranunculaceae); XUE SHANG YI ZHI HAO;Shortstalk Monkshood. Equivalent plant: Aconitum nagarum var.lasiandrum. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp bone pain, knocks and falls, pain in limbs, toothache,toxin swelling of sores, pain from carcinoma, pain in joints. Isolatedcompounds: 554, 2741, 2742, 13189.Aconitum bullatifolium = Aconitum nagarum var. heterotrichumT0080 Aconitum bullatifolium var. homotrichum [Syn. Aconitum nagarum](Ranunculaceae); BAO SHAN WU TOU; Paoshan Monkshood. Usedpart: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and overcome damp, freenetwork vessels and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, headache. Isolated compounds: 551, 2737, 2738, 2739,2740, 10875.T0081 Aconitum bulleyanum (Ranunculaceae); DIAN XI WU TOU;Yunnanwest Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 4211, 22482, 22938.T0082 Aconitum campylorrhynchum (Ranunculaceae); WAN ZHUO WUTOU; Curvebeak Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 384.T0083 Aconitum carmichaeli (Ranunculaceae); FU ZI; Prepared CommonMonkshood Daughter Root. Equivalent plant: Aconitum carmichaelicv. Used part: daughter root. TCM Effects: To return yang and treatcollapse, supplement fire and reinforce yang. TCM Indications:Yang-collapse vacuity desertion, cold limbs and faint pulse, impotence,uterus cold, cold pain in heart and abdomen, vacuity cold chronicdiarrhea and dysentery, yin cold edema, yang vacuity externalcontraction, wind-cold-damp impediment, yin flat abscess and sores.Isolated compounds: 554, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1292, 2738, 2739, 3201,3713, 4211, 4992, 4999, 5000, 5001, 5007, 5008, 5033, 5034, 5036,5037, 5067, 5071, 5072, 5136, 5149, 5166, 5458, 8042, 10875, 11373,11728, 12161, 12898, 12899, 13794, 15418, 20650, 22237, 22394,22482.T0084 Aconitum carmichaeli (Ranunculaceae); WU TOU; CommonMonkshood. Equivalent plant: Aconitum karakolicum, Aconitumbalfourii. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, warm channels, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in joints, numbness inlimbs, hemiplegia, head wind headache, cold pain in heart andabdomen, cold mounting with pain, stasis pain from knocks and falls,swelling toxin of flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 554, 877, 2247,2738, 2742, 3201, 3712, 5067, 9574, 9575, 10875, 10962, 11083,11084, 11085, 11373, 11728, 12161, 13794, 19198, 19701, 19702,19703, 20075, 20076, 20650, 22237.T0085 Aconitum carmichaeli cv (Ranunculaceae); ZHONG BA E ZHANGYE FU ZI; Zhongba Monkshood Daughter Root*. Used part: daughterroot. TCM Effects: See Aconitum carmichaeli. TCM Indications: SeeAconitum carmichaeli. Isolated compounds: 12162, 19701.T0086 Aconitum chasmanthum (Ranunculaceae); ZHAN HUA WU TOU;Patentflower Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and overcome damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in joints. Isolated compounds:3483, 11012.T0087 Aconitum chrysotrichum (Ranunculaceae); HUANG MAO WU TOU;Yellowhair Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 3483.T0088 Aconitum coreanum (Ranunculaceae); HUANG HUA WU TOU;Korean Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel windand transform phlegm, settle fright epilepsy, dissipate cold and relievepain. TCM Indications: Wind stroke with congesting phlegm, deviatedeyes and mouth, epilepsy, migraine, headache, wind-phlegm dizziness,

351tetanus, infant fright wind, wind-damp impediment pain, sores scaband lichen, damp itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 9045, 9046, 9047,9048, 9049, 9050, 9051, 9052, 10875.T0089 Aconitum crassicaule (Ranunculaceae); CU JING WU TOU;Thickstem Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 3483, 4210, 15228.T0090 Aconitum delavayi (Ranunculaceae); MA ER SHAN WU TOU;Delavy Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, pain in joints. Isolated compounds: 4993.T0091 Aconitum excelsum (Ranunculaceae); ZI HUA GAO WU TOU;Purpleflower High Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 5073, 7673,12510, 14513, 14570, 14798.T0092 Aconitum falconeri (Ranunculaceae); FA KANG WU TOU; FalconMonkshood*. Isolated compounds: 7706, 11012, 18017.T0093 Aconitum ferox (Ranunculaceae); NI BO ER WU TOU; NepalMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 2372, 11012, 18017.T0094 Aconitum finetianum (Ranunculaceae); GAN WAN WU TOU; FinetMonkshood. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relievepain, harmonize blood and vanquish toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:2042, 4741, 4745, 4771, 5009, 5035, 7800, 11112, 11476, 12510,15658, 18168, 18531.T0095 Aconitum fischeri (Ranunculaceae); BO YE WU TOU; AzureMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 11867.T0096 Aconitum forrestii [Syn. Aconitum likiangense] (Ranunculaceae); LIJIANG WU TOU; Likiang Monkshood*. Used part: tuberoid. TCMEffects: To dispel wind-damp, settle pain. TCM Indications: Painfuljoints due to rheumatalgia, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:3483, 7880, 12781, 12935, 22482, 22938.T0097 Aconitum franchetll (Ranunculaceae); DA DU WU TOU; FranchetMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 20650.T0098 Aconitum geniculatum (Ranunculaceae); XI BAN WU TOU;Geniculate Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and dissipate cold, quicken blood and relieve pain, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment,reversal cold of limbs, knocks and falls, sore toxin. Isolatedcompounds: 8270, 22938.T0099 Aconitum gymnandrum (Ranunculaceae); LU RUI WU TOU;Nakedstamen Monkshood. Used part: root, leaf and flower. TCMEffects: To dispel wind-damp, warm center and dissipate cold, killworms and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Rheumatism numbness,pain in joints, leprosy, stomachache, common cold, influenza,intestinal parasitic disease. Isolated compounds: 9103, 14478.T0100 Aconitum hemsleyanium var. circinacum (Ranunculaceae); QUAN JUGUA YE WU TOU; Circinate Hemsley Monkshood. Used part:tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Aconitum hemsleyanum. TCM Indications:See Aconitum hemsleyanum. Isolated compounds: 3735, 3736.T0101 Aconitum hemsleyanum (Ranunculaceae); GUA YE WU TOU;Hemsley Monkshood. Equivalent plant: Aconitum hemsleyanium var.circinacum. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Painful joints due to rheumatalgia, pain in lumbus and legs, knocksand falls, innominate toxin swelling, lichen sore. Isolated compounds:1366, 2738, 3483, 4792, 6915, 9356, 11012, 18016, 19107, 19702,20650, 22938.T0102 Aconitum hemsleyanum var. leueanthus (Ranunculaceae); ZHUA KUIGUA YE WU TOU; Unguiculate Hemsley Monkshood. Isolatedcompounds: 3483, 4210, 4774, 5473, 7700, 7935, 12728, 12729,12730, 12731, 20650.T0103 Aconitum heterophyllum (Ranunculaceae); YI YE WU TOU;Heteroleaf Monkshood*. Isolated compounds: 1964, 9459, 9472.T0104 Aconitum japonicum (Ranunculaceae); RI BEN WU TOU; JapaneseMonkshood*. Isolated compounds: 5067, 11728, 20648.T0105 Aconitum karakolicum (Ranunculaceae); DUO GEN WU TOU;Manyroot Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: SeeAconitum carmichaeli. TCM Indications: See Aconitum carmichaeli.Isolated compounds: 551, 3201, 12160, 15250, 17127, 20076.T0106 Aconitum kirinense (Ranunculaceae); JI LIN WU TOU; KirinMonkshood*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, hypertonicity of limbs, cold pain inheart and abdomen, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,toothache. Isolated compounds: 388, 392, 821, 7673, 8378, 12668,12669.T0107 Aconitum kongboense (Ranunculaceae); GONG BU WU TOU;Gongbo Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Painfuljoints due to rheumatalgia, knocks and falls, poisonous insect stings.Isolated compounds: 7936, 12259.T0108 Aconitum kusnezoffii (Ranunculaceae); BEI WU TOU; KusnezoffMonkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andovercome damp, warm channels and dissipate cold, disperse swellingand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, painin joints, head wind headache, wind stroke with hemiplegia, cold painin heart and abdomen, cold mounting with pain, knocks and falls,blood stasis swelling and pain, swelling toxin of flat abscess,anesthesia. Isolated compounds: 304, 554, 2214, 2231, 10875, 12668,13794, 17672, 22938.T0109 Aconitum leave (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 508, 5008,12510, 13872, 18169, 20501.T0110 Aconitum legendrei (Ranunculaceae); MIAN NING WU TOU;Legendre Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 20650.T0111 Aconitum leucostomum (Ranunculaceae); BAI HOU WU TOU;Whitethroat Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 508, 6227, 12668.Aconitum likiangense = Aconitum forrestiiT0112 Aconitum liljestrandii (Ranunculaceae); GONG GA SHAN WU TOU;Konka Mountain Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 4792, 4806, 8271,13065, 18016, 19107.T0113 Aconitum lucidusculum (Ranunculaceae); GUANG ZE WU TOU;Lucid Monkshood*. Isolated compounds: 13057.T0114 Aconitum lycoctonum (Ranunculaceae); LANG DU WU TOU;Badgersbane. Isolated compounds: 13169, 13189.T0115 Aconitum monticola (Ranunculaceae); SHAN DI WU TOU; CountryMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 5035, 20076.Aconitum nagarum = Aconitum bullatifolium var. homotrichumT0116 Aconitum nagarum var. heterotrichum [Syn. Aconitum bullatifolium]

352(Ranunculaceae); XIAO BAI CHENG; Unequalhair PaoshanMonkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain, taxation damage in lumbar muscle, sprain in joints,intercostal neuralgia, wind stroke paralysis, early stage of wellingabscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 15228.T0117 Aconitum nagarum var. lasiandrum (Ranunculaceae); XUAN WEI WUTOU; Haoryanther Paoshan Monkshood. Used part: root. TCM Effects:See Aconitum brachypodum. TCM Indications: See Aconitumbrachypodum. Isolated compounds: 304, 20075, 20076.T0118 Aconitum napellus (Ranunculaceae); OU WUTOU; Aconite. Isolatedcompounds: 552, 554, 10875, 13794, 15250.T0119 Aconitum napellus ssp. neomontanum (Ranunculaceae). Isolatedcompounds: 12030, 12034, 18333.T0120 Aconitum nemorum (Ranunculaceae); LIN DI WU TOU; WoodlandMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 20650.Aconitum ochranthum = Aconitum barbatum var. puberulumT0121 Aconitum orientale (Ranunculaceae); GAO JIA SUO WU TOU;Eastern Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 2042, 12510.T0122 Aconitum pendulum (Ranunculaceae); TIE BANG CHUI; PendulousMonkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To quicken blood anddispel stasis, dispel wind and eliminate damp, disperse swelling andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, fracture, wind-damplumbago, swollen welling abscess and malign sore, innominate toxinswelling, scrofula, frostbite, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds:2231, 16803, 16808.T0123 Aconitum polyschistum (Ranunculaceae); DUO LIE WU TOU;Manysplltted Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and overcome damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, hypertonicity of limbs,knocks and falls, innominate toxin swelling. Isolated compounds:2231, 17672, 17673, 17674, 17675.T0124 Aconitum pseudohuiliense (Ranunculaceae); LEI BO WU TOU; LeaboMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 12667, 12668, 12669.T0125 Aconitum pseudostapfianum (Ranunculaceae); NI YU LONG WUTOU; Pseudostapfia Monkshood. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects:To dispel wind-damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, pain in lumbus and legs. Isolated compounds: 2248.T0126 Aconitum pukeese (Ranunculaceae); PU GE WU TOU; PukeeMonkshood. Isolated compounds: 18189.T0127 Aconitum sachalinense (Ranunculaceae); KU YE WU TOU; SachalinMonkshood*. Isolated compounds: 11867.T0128 Aconitum sanyoense (Ranunculaceae); SHAN YANG WU TOU;Shanyang Monkshood*. Isolated compounds: 15658.T0129 Aconitum septentrionale (Ranunculaceae); BEI FANG WU TOU;Northern Monkshood*. Isolated compounds: 12510, 18168, 22199.T0130 Aconitum sinomontanum (Ranunculaceae); GAO WU TOU; TallMonkshood. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, rectify qi and relieve pain, quicken blood and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, swellingpain in joints, knocks and falls, stomachache, distention fullness inchest and abdomen, acute bacillary dysentery, chronic bacillarydysentery, acute enteritis, chronic enteritis, scrofula, sore and boil.Isolated compounds: 12510, 18531, 19956, 19957, 22938.T0131 Aconitum soongaricum (Ranunculaceae); ZHUN GE ER WU TOU;Dzungaria Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 20076.T0132 Aconitum sp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 1964, 12736,12737, 12738.T0133 Aconitum spicatum (Ranunculaceae); SUI ZHUANG WU TOU;Spiked Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 2372, 18017.T0134 Aconitum subcuneatum (Ranunculaceae); XIE XING WU TOU;Cuneate Monkshood*. Isolated compounds: 3483, 11867.T0135 Aconitum sungpanense (Ranunculaceae); SONG PAN WU TOU;Sungpan Monkshood. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand overcome damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain, dissipate stasisand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment,pain in joints, toothache, knocks and falls, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and sore, neuralgia. Isolated compounds: 331, 5473, 22938.T0136 Aconitum talassicum (Ranunculaceae); TA LA WU TOU; TalaMonkshood*. Isolated compounds: 11728, 20650.T0137 Aconitum tanguticum (Ranunculaceae); GAN QING WU TOU; TangutMonkshood. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Hepatitis,cholecystitis, pneumonia, pharyngolaryngitis, gastroenteritis, commoncold with fever. Isolated compounds: 2243, 9459, 9472, 9646, 20650,20676, 20689.T0138 Aconitum umbrosum (Ranunculaceae); CAO DI WU TOU; MeadowMonkshood. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, dispel damp and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in limbs, hypertonicity of limbs,neuralgia, knocks and falls, osteoarthritis, cold pain in heart andabdomen, welling abscess and flat abscess with clove sore. Isolatedcompounds: 781, 22199.T0139 Aconitum variegatum (Ranunculaceae); BAN HUA WU TOU;Manchurian Monkshood. Isolated compounds: 396, 4867, 7415, 7447,9895, 20650, 22348, 22390, 22391, 22393.T0140 Aconitum violaceum (Ranunculaceae); ZI WU TOU; VioletMonkshood*. Isolated compounds: 2372, 11012.T0141 Aconitum zeravschanicum (Ranunculaceae); ZE WU TOU. Isolatedcompounds: 9459, 15658.T0142 Acorus calamus (Araceae); BAI CHANG; Drug Sweetflag. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To transform phlegm and open orifices, dispeldamp and fortify stomach, kill worms and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Stupor due to phlegm reversal, wind stroke, epilepsy,fright palpitation and amnesia, tinnitus and deafness, foodaccumulation abdominal pain, diarrhea and dysentery, wind-damp pain,eczema, scab sore. Isolated compounds: 550, 560, 561, 564, 565, 566,957, 1835, 1840, 2435, 2550, 2934, 2939, 3048, 3241, 3242, 4398,7019, 7521, 9486, 11193, 11302, 11408, 11713, 11717, 13141, 14530,14531, 17809, 19852, 21929.T0143 Acorus calamus var. angustatus (Araceae); RI BEN CHANG PU;Japanese Sweetflag*. Isolated compounds: 1835.T0144 Acorus gramineus (Araceae); JIN QIAN PU; Grassleaf Sweetflag.Used part: Rhizome. TCM Effects: See Acorus tatarinowii. TCMIndications: See Acorus tatarinowii. Isolated compounds: 957, 1835,2435, 3241, 3242, 9669, 13883, 14531.

354compounds: 627, 1291, 2318, 16770, 22349, 22350, 22351, 22352.T0171 Adiantum capillus-veneris (Adiantaceae); ZHU ZONG CAO; SouthernMaidenhair. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit water and free strangury. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, lung heat cough, damp-heat diarrhea,dysentery, strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge, mammary wellingabscess, scrofula, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 632,1935, 2901, 7099, 7760, 10123, 10541, 12098, 16042, 16043, 18373,18414.T0172 Adiantum caudatum (Adiantaceae); BIAN YE TIE XIAN JUE;Walking Maidenhair. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Dysentery, edema, dribbling and inhibited voidings ofurination, mammary welling abscess, poisonous snake bite, oral ulcer.Isolated compounds: 632, 10119, 10120, 10402, 11197, 15363, 15756.T0173 Adiantum lunulatum (Adiantaceae); BAN YUE XING TIE XIAN JUE;Philippine Maidenhair*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearlung and relieve cough, disinhibit water and free strangury, dispersewelling abscess and promote lactation. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, dribbling pain of urination, mammary welling abscess withswelling and pain, breast milk stoppage. Isolated compounds: 7178.T0174 Adiantum monochlamys (Adiantaceae); DAN GAI TIE XIAN JUE;Monochlamys Maidenhair. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve phlegm, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lungheat cough, common cold with fever, swollen welling abscess andtoxin of clove. Isolated compounds: 629, 630, 9641.T0175 Adiantum pedatum (Adiantaceae); TIE SI QI; American MaidenhairFern. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, disinhibit water and free strangury. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, dysentery, jaundice, dribbling and inhibited voidings ofurination, swollen welling abscess, scrofula, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 632, 641, 7757, 7758, 7795, 7796, 9642, 11197, 11425,15405, 15406.T0176 Adiantum sp. (Adiantaceae). Isolated compounds: 15286, 18815.T0177 Adiantum spp. (Adiantaceae). Isolated compounds: 15406.T0178 Adiantum sulphureum (Adiantaceae); LIU HUANG TIE XIAN JUE;Sulphur Maidenhair Fern*. Isolated compounds: 5969.T0179 Adiantum venustum (Adiantaceae); XI YE TIE XIAN JUE; VenusMaidenhair. Isolated compounds: 633, 634, 635.T0180 Adina pilulifera [Syn. Cephalanthus pilulifera] (Rubiaceae); SHUITUAN HUA; Pilular Adina. Used part: whole herb, or flower and fruit.TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, disperse stasis andsettle pain, engender flesh and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Dysentery, enteritis, edema, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,eczema, foot rot, enduring sores, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 3676, 14979, 18427, 20369.Adina racemosa = Sinoadina racemosaT0181 Adina rubella (Rubiaceae); XI YE SHUI TUAN HUA; Thinleaf Adina.Used part: stem-leaf or inflorescence. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: dysentery with ardent fever, wind-firetoothache, eczema, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 18437, 18438, 21922.Adina sessilifolia = Neonauclea sessilifoliaT0182 Adinandra nitida (Theaceae); GUANG LIANG YANG TONG;Shining Adinandra*. Isolated compounds: 15540, 16766, 21864.T0183 Adlumia cirrhosa [Syn. Adlumia fungosa] (Papaveraceae); XUNZHUANG SHAN YUAN CAO; Climbing Fumitory. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To settle pain. TCM Indications: Various pain.Isolated compounds: 642, 643.Adlumia fungosa = Adlumia cirrhosaT0184 Adonis amurensis (Ranunculaceae); FU SHOU CAO; Amur Adonis.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To strengthen heart, disinhibiturine, calm. TCM Indications: Cardiac insufficiency, atrial fibrillation,congestive cardiac failure, edema due to heart disease, CNSdepression. Isolated compounds: 644, 2246, 4012, 4036, 4547, 4548,5525, 7992, 7993, 11497, 11643, 12880, 15529, 15530, 16034, 16917,19375, 19542, 20072, 20397, 20402, 20405, 22195.T0185 Adonis annua (Ranunculaceae); QIU FU SHOU CAO; AnnualAdonis*. Isolated compounds: 647.T0186 Adonis chrysocyatha (Ranunculaceae); JIN HUANG CE JIN ZHANHUA; Golden Adonis. Isolated compounds: 4547.T0187 Adonis mongolica (Ranunculaceae); MENG GU CE JIN ZHAN HUA;Mongolian Adonis*. Isolated compounds: 4036, 7320, 16084.T0188 Adonis sibirica (Ranunculaceae); BEI CE JIN ZHAN HUA; SiberianAdonis. Isolated compounds: 646.T0189 Adonis spp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 22581.T0190 Adonis sutchuenensis (Ranunculaceae); SHU CE JIN ZHAN HUA;Szechwan Adonis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dry damp, strengthen heart and calm. TCMIndications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, red eyes withgall, vomiting and diarrhea, dysentery, palpitation and insomnia,epilepsy. Isolated compounds: 3306.T0191 Adonis vernalis (Ranunculaceae); CHUN FU SHOU CAO; YellowAdonis. Isolated compounds: 646, 4547, 6204, 22404.T0192 Adonis wolgensis (Ranunculaceae); FU ER JIA CE JIN ZHAN HUA;Volga Adonis. Isolated compounds: 646.T0193 Adoxa moschatellina (Adoxaceae); WU FU HUA; Muskroot. Isolatedcompounds: 14982.T0194 Aegiceras corniculatum (Myrsinaceae); LA ZHU GUO; CorniculateAegiceras. Isolated compounds: 465, 4987, 5867, 5975, 5976, 6767,7436, 10485, 14042, 14347, 14347, 18546.T0195 Aeginetia indica (Orobanchaceae); YE GU; Indian Aeginetia. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, urinary tract infection, medullitis,clove sore. Isolated compounds: 656, 657, 18656.T0196 Aegiphila lhotzkyana . Isolated compounds: 4590, 7080, 20465, 21231,22213.T0197 Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae); MU (4) JU; Sepiaria. Used part: young fruit.TCM Effects: To check dysentery and diarrhea, disinhibit throat anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain,dysentery, swelling pain in throat. Isolated compounds: 933, 4863,7703, 13571, 19540, 22195.T0198 Aesculus assamica (Hippocastanaceae); CHANG BING QI YE SHU;Assam Horsechestnut. Isolated compounds: 1913, 1914.T0199 Aesculus californica (Hippocastanaceae); JIA ZHOU QI YE SHU;Californian Buckeye. Isolated compounds: 6853.

355T0200 Aesculus carnea (Hippocastanaceae); HONG QI YE SHU; RedHorsechestnut. Isolated compounds: 6853.T0201 Aesculus chinensis (Hippocastanaceae); QI YE SHU; Chinese Buckeye.Used part: ripe fruit without shell. TCM Effects: See Aesculus wilsonii.TCM Indications: See Aesculus wilsonii. Isolated compounds: 660,661, 662, 665, 667, 7361, 7362, 7363, 7364, 7365, 11416, 11417.T0202 Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae); OU ZHOU QI YE SHU;Horsechestnut. Used part: ripe fruit without shell. TCM Effects: SeeAesculus wilsonii. TCM Indications: See Aesculus wilsonii. Isolatedcompounds: 660, 663, 664, 7942, 7944, 17867, 17876, 17888, 18411.T0203 Aesculus spp. (Hippocastanaceae). Isolated compounds: 17869.T0204 Aesculus turbinata (Hippocastanaceae); RI BEN QI YE SHU;Japanese Buckeye. Isolated compounds: 659, 663, 2152, 3829, 3830,5271, 7942, 17964.T0205 Aesculus wilsonii (Hippocastanaceae); SUO LUO ZI; Wilson BuckeyeSeed. Equivalent plant: Aesculus chinensis, Aesculus hippocastanum.Used part: ripe fruit without shell. TCM Effects: To soothe liver,rectify qi, loosen center, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Distendingpain in chest and rib-side, distending pain in breast, dysmenorrhea,pain in stomach duct, pain in chest and abdomen. Isolated compounds:660, 21368.T0206 Aframomum daniellin (Zingiberaceae); DUO NI FEI SHA REN.Isolated compounds: 675.T0207 African frog FEI ZHOU WA; African frog. Isolated compounds:22057.T0208 Afrormosia elata XI FEI HONG DOU SHU; West Africa Afrormosia.Isolated compounds: 676.T0209 Agapanthus africanus (Liliaceae); FEI ZHOU BAI ZI LIAN; AfricanLily. Isolated compounds: 6195.T0210 Agaricus bisporus (Agaricaceae); SHUANG BAO MO GU; BisporeMushroom*. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: See Agaricuscampestris. TCM Indications: See Agaricus campestris. Isolatedcompounds: 701, 7250, 13608.T0211 Agaricus campestris (Agaricaceae); MO GU; Mushroom. Equivalentplant: Agaricus bisporus. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: Tofortify spleen and promote digestion, calm liver and raise spirit. TCMIndications: Non-digestion of food accumulation, torpid intake, scantbreast milk, hypertension, fatigued spirit and desire to sleep. Isolatedcompounds: 625, 701, 1040, 1055, 3205, 3774, 4223, 4591, 5350,5351, 7853, 9602, 10357, 12399, 18261, 18266, 19360, 21504, 21505,21506, 22254, 22814.Agaricus piperatus = Lactarius piperatusT0212 Agastache rugosus (Lamiaceae); HUO XIANG; Wrinkled Gianthyssop.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To dispel summerheat andresolve exterior, harmonize stomach and transform damp. TCMIndications: Summer common cold, cold-heat headache, glomus andoppression in chest and stomach duct, vomiting and diarrhea, diarrheain pregnancy, deep-source nasal congestion. Isolated compounds: 56,61, 708, 709, 1186, 1282, 2851, 2940, 2941, 2943, 3241, 3242, 4219,4550, 4680, 6059, 6741, 6918, 7385, 7730, 7951, 9522, 9524, 9670,11200, 12843, 12849, 13883, 14359, 15978, 15979, 16050, 16498,16711, 17376, 17377, 18668, 19983, 21391.T0213 Agathis dammara (Araucariaceae); BEI KE SHAN; Amboina PitchTree. Isolated compounds: 710.T0214 Agathis palmerstoni (Araucariaceae); PA SHI BEI KE SHAN;Palmerston Pitch Tree*. Isolated compounds: 4376.T0215 Agave americana (Amaryllidaceae); FAN MA; American Agave. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and draw out pus, kill worms,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Sores with welling abscess and flatabscess, scab and lichen, pelvic inflammation, flooding. Isolatedcompounds: 697, 698, 699, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 725, 727, 3552,4928, 4945, 7008, 8457, 9253, 13510, 17479, 18893, 20216, 21383,21386, 22045.T0216 Agave americana var. marginata [Syn. Agave americana var. variegata](Amaryllidaceae); WU CI FAN MA; Spineless Agave. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To moisten lung, transform phlegm, suppress cough.TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation cough, blood ejection, asthma.Isolated compounds: 3552, 4928, 4945, 9192, 9253, 12126, 13510,15463, 15525, 21383, 21388.Agave americana var. variegata = Agave americana var. marginataT0217 Agave angustifolia (Amaryllidaceae); DUAN YE LONG SHE LAN;Narrowleaf Agave. Isolated compounds: 3552, 9253, 13510, 21383.T0218 Agave angustifolia var. marginata (Amaryllidaceae); YIN BIANLONG SHE LAN; Silveredge Agave. Isolated compounds: 3552,9253.T0219 Agave cantala (Amaryllidaceae); XIA YE LONG SHE LAN; ShortleafAgave. Isolated compounds: 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724,3089, 3090, 3091, 3092, 3093, 3552, 9253, 13510, 15364, 15463,21383.T0220 Agave deserti (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 4928, 4945.T0221 Agave east-one (Amaryllidaceae); DONG YI HAO JIAN MA;Cultivate Sisalan Agave East-1. Isolated compounds: 3552, 6553,6554, 6555, 6556, 6557, 9253, 13510, 18893, 21383.T0222 Agave huahucensis (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 726.T0223 Agave lecheguilla (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 19065,21383, 22936.T0224 Agave rigidissima (Amaryllidaceae); JI JIAN LONG SHE LAN;Very-hard Agave*. Isolated compounds: 14823.T0225 Agave roezliana (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 15435.T0226 Agave sisalana (Amaryllidaceae); JIAN MA; Sisal Hemp-plant. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis andhemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, dysentery,welling abscess, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 2150, 3552, 7008,8588, 9192, 9253, 9630, 15463, 15467, 17784, 18893, 19977, 21383.T0227 Agave striata (Amaryllidaceae); TIAO WEN LONG SHE LAN; StriaAgave*. Isolated compounds: 15433.T0228 Agave yuccaefolia (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 19230.T0229 Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae); SHENG HONG JI; TropicAgeratum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, stanch bleeding, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, swelling pain in throat, hemoptysis,spontaneous external bleeding, flooding and spotting, pain in stomachduct and abdomen, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls,bleeding due to external injury, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, eczema titillation. Isolated compounds: 9509, 19929, 20369.

356T0230 Ageratum houstonianum (Asteraceae); XIONG ER CAO; MexicanAgeratum. Isolated compounds: 9306, 11647, 17776, 18661.T0231 Aglaia argentea (Meliaceae); YIN SE MI ZI LAN; Argenti Aglaia*.Isolated compounds: 16002.T0232 Aglaia duperreana (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 375, 495, 5463,10097, 10098, 10677, 14714, 18883.T0233 Aglaia edulis (Meliaceae); KE SHI MI ZI LAN; Edible Aglaia*.Isolated compounds: 736, 737, 740, 741, 9623, 11739, 16618, 21274,21275, 21276, 21277, 21278.T0234 Aglaia elliptica (Meliaceae); TUE YUAN MI ZI LAN; Elliptic Aglaia*.Isolated compounds: 307, 738, 6824, 16002, 18887, 18888, 18889.T0235 Aglaia elliptifolia (Meliaceae); DA YE SHU LAN; Largeleaf Aglaia*.Isolated compounds: 4955, 6760, 6761, 7932, 10790, 17475, 18892.T0236 Aglaia foveolata (Meliaceae); FENG CHAO MI ZI LAN; FoveolateAglaia*. Isolated compounds: 7932.T0237 Aglaia grandis (Meliaceae); JU DA MI ZI LAN; Grand Aglaia*.Isolated compounds: 5756, 8974, 8975, 8976.T0238 Aglaia lawii (Meliaceae); Law Aglaia*. Isolated compounds: 744, 745,746, 747.T0239 Aglaia leucophylla (Meliaceae); BAI YE MI ZI LAN; WhiteleafAglaia*. Isolated compounds: 15598.T0240 Aglaia odorata (Meliaceae); MI ZI LAN; Chu-lan Tree. Used part:flower or leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Distention fullness in chest anddiaphragm, dysphagia-occlusion, cough and heavy head (flower),knocks and falls, flat abscess (leaf). Isolated compounds: 739, 5753,9768, 9769, 9981, 10379, 10677, 11966, 14714, 16002, 16003, 18262,18882, 18883.T0241 Aglaia oligophylla (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 18891.T0242 Aglaia pirifera (Meliaceae); LI MI ZI LAN; Pear Aglaia*. Isolatedcompounds: 17475.T0243 Aglaia ponapensis (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 1382, 1383,14714, 19910.T0244 Aglaia roxburghiana (Meliaceae); LUO KE SI BAO MI ZI LAN;Roxburg Aglaia*. Isolated compounds: 16002, 16003.T0245 Aglaia spectabilis (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 10677, 14714,18883, 18884, 18885, 18886, 18887, 18888, 18889, 18890, 18891.T0246 Aglaia tomentosa (Meliaceae); RONG MAO MI ZI LAN; TomentoseAglaia*. Isolated compounds: 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747.T0247 Agrimonia japonica (Rosaceae); RI BEN LONG YA CAO; JapaneseAgrimonia*. Isolated compounds: 757, 758, 759, 17750.T0248 Agrimonia pilosa (Rosaceae); LONG YA CAO; Hairyvein Agrimonia.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To promote astriction and stanchbleeding, check dysentery, kill worms. TCM Indications: Hemoptysis,blood ejection, hematuria, hematochezia, dysentery, flooding andspotting with vaginal discharge, bleeding due to external injury,malaria, trichomoniasis. Isolated compounds: 754, 759, 762, 10887,17361, 17362, 17363, 17386, 17750.T0249 Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica (Rosaceae); XIAN HE CAO; JapaneseArgimonia. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To promoteastriction and stanch bleeding, interrupt malaria, check dysentery,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Hemoptysis, blood ejection, floodingand spotting, malaria, blood dysentery, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and sore, pudendal itch, Vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 753, 754, 755, 756, 760, 761, 762, 1492, 2887, 3308,3674, 6757, 8095, 10887, 15660, 16261, 18019, 18317, 19087, 19983,20792.T0250 Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica (Rosaceae); XIAN HE CAO GEN;Japanese Agrimonia Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Red and white dysentery,amenorrhea, toxin swelling, taeniasis. Isolated compounds: 5699.T0251 Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica (Rosaceae); XIAN HE CAO GEN YA;Japanese Argimonia Rhizome. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: Toexpel tapeworm. TCM Indications: Taeniasis. Isolated compounds:762.T0252 Agrostemma githago (Caryophyllaceae); MAI XIAN WENG; GithagoAgrostemma. Isolated compounds: 765, 9183, 9297.T0253 Agrostophyllum brevipes (Orchidaceae); DUAN BING HE YE LAN;Short-stipe Agrostophyllum*. Isolated compounds: 766, 767.T0254 Agrostophyllum callosum (Orchidaceae); YING PI HE YE LAN;Callose Agrostophyllum. Isolated compounds: 767.T0255 Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae); CHU BAI PI; Tree of HeavenAilanthus Bast. Used part: bast. TCM Effects: To eliminate heat anddry damp, astringe intestines and stanch bleeding, kill worms. TCMIndications: Chronic dysentery, chronic diarrhea, duodenal ulcer,intestinal wind bleeding, flooding and spotting, vaginal discharge,emission, white turbidity, ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 312, 774,777, 778, 779, 780, 1018, 3096, 3481, 6204, 13865, 15454, 18299,19826, 19827.T0256 Ailanthus excelsa (Simaroubaceae); GAO CHU; High Ailanthus*.Isolated compounds: 777, 5612, 8509, 13865, 18300, 18301.T0257 Ailanthus integrifolia ssp. calycina (Simaroubaceae); QUAN YUANCHU; Integrifolious Ailanthus*. Isolated compounds: 3481.T0258 Ailanthus malabarica (Simaroubaceae); MA LA BA CHU; HairyleafSouth Ailanthus. Isolated compounds: 3158.T0259 Aiphanes aculeata (Arecaceae); CI JI NU ZONG LV; Aculeate RufflePalm. Isolated compounds: 1448, 11672.T0260 Ajania fruticulosa (Asteraceae); GUAN MU YA JU; Shrubby Ajania.Isolated compounds: 7107, 7206, 7207.T0261 Ajuga chamaepitys (Lamiaceae); HUANG JIN GU CAO; YellowBugle. Isolated compounds: 794, 4455, 13411.T0262 Ajuga ciliata (Lamiaceae); JIN GU CAO; Ciliate Bugle. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool bloodand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, lungheat hemoptysis, painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 4455.T0263 Ajuga decumbens (Lamiaceae); BAI MAO XIA KU CAO; DecumbentBugle. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, relieve cough and transform phlegm, cool blood and dissipateblood. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, lung heat cough,pulmonary welling abscess, red eyes with gall, dysentery, swollenwelling abscess and clove sores, poisonous snake bite, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 409, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 801,802, 803, 805, 806, 807, 810, 811, 4455, 4860, 6679, 12952, 17662.T0264 Ajuga forrestii (Lamiaceae); LI ZHI HAO; Forrest Bugle. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit

357water and free strangury, dissipate stasis and relieve pain, expel worms.TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat, dysentery,jaundice, heat strangury, edema, mastitis, angiitis, swollen sore ofwelling abscess and boil, knocks and falls, bleeding due to externalinjury, ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 56, 409, 786, 787.T0265 Ajuga iva (Lamiaceae); AI WA JIN GU CAO; Iva Bugle*. Isolatedcompounds: 7768.T0266 Ajuga macrosperma (Lamiaceae); DA ZI JIN GU CAO; LargeseedBugle. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and coolblood, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, red dysentery,strangury with pain, wind-damp impediment pain, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 800.T0267 Ajuga nipponensis (Lamiaceae); ZI BEI JIN PAN; Japanese Bulge.Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, cool blood and dissipate stasis, disperse swelling and relievepain. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, hacking of blood, soreswollen throat, mammary welling abscess, intestinal welling abscess,swelling toxin of sore and boil, bleeding hemorrhoids, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, burns andscalds, poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 801, 802, 803, 805,806, 807, 810.T0268 Ajuga parviflora (Lamiaceae); XIAO HUA XIA KU CAO;Smallflower Bugle*. Isolated compounds: 812, 813, 814.T0269 Ajuga pseudoiva (Lamiaceae); Pseudoiva Bugle*. Isolated compounds:9246, 9247, 9248.T0270 Ajuga remota (Lamiaceae); YUAN JU JIN GU CAO; ManybracteoleBugle. Isolated compounds: 809.T0271 Ajuga reptans (Lamiaceae); PU FU JIN GU CAO; Creeping Bugle.Isolated compounds: 409, 794, 816, 4455, 17662, 18628.T0272 Ajuga taiwanensis (Lamiaceae); TAI WAN JIN GU CAO; TaiwanBugle*. Isolated compounds: 346, 409, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799,800, 804, 808, 4455, 8094, 9237, 11361, 12020, 15528, 17140, 17141,19983, 19987, 20369, 21225, 22332.T0273 Akebia quinata (Lardizabalaceae); MU TONG; Fiveleaf Akebia.Equivalent plant: Akebia trifoliata var. australis, Akebia trifoliata.Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit urine,quicken blood and free vessels. TCM Indications: Acute urethritis,short voidings of reddish urine, strangury-turbidity, edema, nephritiswith edema, galactostasis, heat vexation in chest, throat pain, mouthsore, tongue sores, wind-damp impediment pain, galactostasis,amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 819, 820, 1691, 4450,4680, 9260, 11083, 13799, 15753, 15754, 15755, 15783, 16050,16402, 18419, 19316, 19983, 19987, 20369.T0274 Akebia quinata (Lardizabalaceae); MU TONG GEN; Fiveleaf AkebiaRoot. Equivalent plant: Akebia trifoliata var. australis, Akebiatrifoliata. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, move qi and quicken blood, disinhibit urine, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls,amenorrhea, mounting qi, painful swollen testes, distention oppressionin stomach duct, inhibited urination, vaginal discharge, snake or insectbites. Isolated compounds: 819, 820, 4680, 19987.T0275 Akebia quinata (Lardizabalaceae); YU ZHI ZI; Fiveleaf Akebia Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To course liver and harmonize stomach,quicken blood and relieve pain, soften hardness and dissipate binds,disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Liver stomach qi stagnation,distending pain in stomach duct, distending pain in rib-side,non-digestion of food accumulation, dysentery, mounting qi, lumbago,amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, goiter and tuberculosis, scrofula,carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 8814, 8815, 8816, 9274, 9276, 15712,16050, 17945.T0276 Akebia spp. (Lardizabalaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T0277 Akebia trifoliata (Lardizabalaceae); SAN YE MU TONG; ThreeleafAkebia. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Akebia quinata. TCMIndications: See Akebia quinata. Isolated compounds: 819, 984, 1854,5953, 6050, 6051, 6058, 6059, 6138, 6139, 6981, 8608, 8640, 8719,8720, 8747, 8766, 9275, 18419, 21812, 21813, 21814, 21824, 21825,21826.T0278 Akebia trifoliata (Lardizabalaceae); SAN YE MU TONG GEN;Threeleaf Akebia Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Akebiaquinata. TCM Indications: See Akebia quinata. Isolated compounds:4680.T0279 Akebia trifoliata var. australis (Lardizabalaceae); BAI MU TONG;Austral Akebia. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Akebia quinata.TCM Indications: See Akebia quinata. Isolated compounds: 9775,22957.T0280 Akebia trifoliata var. australis (Lardizabalaceae); BAI MU TONGGEN; Austral Akebia Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Akebiaquinata. TCM Indications: See Akebia quinata. Isolated compounds:4680.T0281 Alangium chinense (Alangiaceae); BA JIAO FENG; Chinese Alangium.Equivalent plant: Alangium platanifolium. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, soothe sinews andquicken network vessels, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, rheumatic arthritis,numbness in limbs, knocks and falls, adjuvant in anesthesia. Isolatedcompounds: 1125, 2277, 8731, 8751.T0282 Alangium kurzii (Alangiaceae); MAO BA JIAO FENG; KurzAlangium. Used part: lateral root or fibril. TCM Effects: To soothesinews and quicken blood, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Stasis swelling from knocks and falls, fracture. Isolatedcompounds: 1124, 1293.T0283 Alangium lamarckii (Alangiaceae); AN GE LA BA JIAO FENG;Angola Alangium*. Isolated compounds: 828, 829, 830, 831, 1293,3400, 18095.T0284 Alangium paltanifolium var. platanifolium (Alangiaceae); GUA MUBIAN ZHONG; Planeleaf Alangium Variety*. Isolated compounds:17521, 17522, 17523, 17524, 17525, 17526, 17527.T0285 Alangium platanifolium (Alangiaceae); GUA MU; Planeleaf Alangium.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Alangium chinense. TCMIndications: See Alangium chinense. Isolated compounds: 1124.T0286 Alangium premnifolium (Alangiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13644,13645.T0287 Albatrellus confluens (Polyporaceae); YUN NAN DI HUA JUN;Yunnan Landflower Mushroom*. Isolated compounds: 843.T0288 Albatrellus ovinus (Polyporaceae); RE BEN MO GU; Japanese

358Mushroom*(Sheep Polypore). Isolated compounds: 7906, 7910,10538.T0289 Albertisia papuana (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 9597,16439.T0290 Albizzia adinocephala (Fabaceae); BA NA MA HE HUAN;Panamanian Albizia*. Isolated compounds: 2700, 2701.T0291 Albizzia anthelmintica (Fabaceae); QU CHONG HE HUAN; MusennaAlbizia. Isolated compounds: 5251, 15131.T0292 Albizzia julibrissin (Fabaceae); HE HUAN PI; Silktree Albizia Bark.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To quiet spirit and resolve depression,quicken blood and disperse welling abscess. TCM Indications:Disquieted heart spirit, depression, insomnia, welling abscess andsores, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 59, 60, 855, 856, 862,3171, 11916, 11917, 11918, 11919, 11920, 11921, 11922, 11923,11924, 11925, 11926, 11927, 11928, 11929, 11930, 11931, 11932,11933, 11934, 11935, 11936, 11937, 11938, 11939, 11940, 11941,11942, 13288, 13289, 15708, 20557, 20558, 20567.T0293 Albizzia lebbeck (Fabaceae); KUO JIA HE HUAN; Siris-acacia. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To disperse swelling and relieve pain,promote astriction and check drain. TCM Indications: Painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, sore and boil, toxin swelling, ophthalmia, gumerosion, hemorrhoids, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 7951, 18407.T0294 Albizzia lophantha (Fabaceae); YU ZHUANG HE HUAN; CapeLeeuwin Wattle. Isolated compounds: 862, 6533.T0295 Albizzia odoratissima (Fabaceae); XIANG HE HUAN; FragrantAlbizia*. Used part: root and bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood and relieve pain, quiet spirit. TCMIndications: Rheumatic arthritis, fracture due to knocks and falls,bleeding due to external injury, sores, scab and lichen, insomnia.Isolated compounds: 6240, 6264, 21914.T0296 Alchornea floribunda (Euphorbiaceae); DUO HUA SHAN MA GAN;Manyflower Christmasbush*. Isolated compounds: 871.T0297 Alchornea trewioides (Euphorbiaceae); HONG BEI SHAN MA GAN;Redback Christmashush. Used part: leaf and root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp, cool blood and resolve toxin, killworms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Dysentery, heat strangury,stone strangury, hematuria, flooding and spotting with vaginaldischarge, wind papules, eczema, scab and lichen, decayed toothache,bedsore. Isolated compounds: 13438.T0298 Alectoria vivens (Usneaceae); JIN SI DAI; Green Alectoria Filament.Used part: filament. TCM Effects: To eliminate wind-damp, stanchbleeding and relieve pain, quicken blood and regulate menstruation,quiet spirit and calm, fortify spleen and stomach. TCM Indications:Taxation damage pain in lumbus and legs, bleeding due to externalinjury, menstrual disorder, prolapse of uterus, vaginal discharge,mental disease, epilepsy, hemiplegia, impotence, dizziness and dimvision. Isolated compounds: 1596, 22523, 22625.T0299 Aleurites cordata [Syn. Aleurites fordii] (Euphorbiaceae); TONG YOU;Tung Oil. Used part: seed oil. TCM Effects: To promote vomiting andexpel phlegm drool, clear heat and resolve toxin, contract damp andkill worms. TCM Indications: Scab and lichen, shank sore, burns andscalds, cracking from frostbite. Isolated compounds: 4055, 6748, 6749,13438, 16564, 20237, 21905, 21984.Aleurites fordii = Aleurites cordataT0300 Aleurites moluccana (Lamiaceae); SHI LI ZI; Belgaum Walnut Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To quicken blood, moisten intestines.TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, intestinal dry and constipation.Isolated compounds: 8808.T0301 Aleuritopteris argentea (Sinopteridaceae); TONG JING CAO; SilveryAleuritopteris. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To regulatemenstruation, suppress cough, dispel damp. TCM Indications: Cough,menstrual disorder, red and white vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 886.T0302 Alhagi pseudalhagi (Fabaceae); LUO TUO CI; Manaplant AlhagiSweet Secretion. Used part: sweet secretion. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Steaming bone vexation thirst, blood dysentery, diarrhea,abdominal pain, headache. Isolated compounds: 7807, 9646, 14583,20563.T0303 Alisma orientale [Syn. Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale](Alismataceae); ZE XIE; Oriental Waterplantain. Used part: tuber.TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol, disinhibit water and percolatedamp, drain heat and free strangury, lower blood sugar levels. TCMIndications: Hyperlipemia, inhibited urination, heat strangury withinhibited pain, edema distention fullness, diarrhea, phlegm-rheumdizziness, emission. Isolated compounds: 888, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895,896, 897, 898, 902, 903, 1257, 1258, 5151, 7050, 7051, 8011, 15336,16184, 16185, 16189, 16190, 16191, 16192, 16193, 16194, 20472,20473, 20474, 20475.Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale = Alisma orientaleT0304 Alkanna tinctoria (Boraginaceae); OU ZI CAO; Dyer’s Alkanet.Isolated compounds: 909, 6302.T0305 Allanblackia floribunda . Isolated compounds: 21866.T0306 Allanblackia monticola . Isolated compounds: 918, 919.T0307 Allemanda cathartica (Apocynaceae); RUAN ZHI HUANG CHAN;Common Allemanda. Isolated compounds: 913, 914, 915, 11607,17570.T0308 Allemanda neriifolia (Apocynaceae); HUANG CHAN; OleanderleafAllemanda. Isolated compounds: 7487.T0309 Allium ampeloprasum (Liliaceae); DA TOU SUAN; Wild Leek.Isolated compounds: 17864, 17865, 17913.T0310 Allium ascalonicum (Liliaceae); HU CONG; Shallot. Used part: bulb.TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, free yang, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Wind-cold common cold, yin cold abdominal pain, urinarystoppage, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, painfulswelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 11504, 18343,18346, 18368, 18410.T0311 Allium cepa (Liliaceae); YANG CONG; Common Onion. Used part:bulb. TCM Effects: To fortify stomach and rectify qi, resolve toxin andkill worms, lower blood-fat. TCM Indications: Reduced food intakewith abdominal distention, wound, ulcer, trichomoniasis, hyperlipemia.Isolated compounds: 618, 921, 948, 953, 3182, 3183, 4048, 4134,4438, 4442, 4443, 4444, 6342, 7768, 14277, 14278, 14690, 16902,16903, 17174, 17181, 17912, 17913, 18343, 18346, 19912.T0312 Allium cepa var. agrogatum (Liliaceae); FEN NIE CONG TOU;Tillering Onion. Isolated compounds: 925, 17952.

359T0313 Allium chinense (Liliaceae); QIAO TOU; Chinese Onion. Used part:bulb. TCM Effects: See Allium macrostemon. TCM Indications: SeeAllium macrostemon. Isolated compounds: 3529, 12591, 12592, 12593,12594, 20212, 20213.T0314 Allium fistulosum (Liliaceae); CONG BAI; Fistular Onion. Used part:fresh bulb. TCM Effects: To effuse exterior, free yang, resolve toxin,kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, yin coldabdominal pain, inhibited urine and stool, dysentery, swelling pain ofwelling abscess and sore, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation.Isolated compounds: 920, 953.T0315 Allium macleanii (Liliaceae); MAI KE LIN JIU; MacLean Leek*.Isolated compounds: 4297.T0316 Allium macrostemon (Liliaceae); XIE BAI; Longstamen Onion.Equivalent plant: Allium chinense. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: Topromote yang and dissipate binds, rectify qi and loosen chest. TCMIndications: Chest impediment, phlegm-rheum cough asthma, diarrheaand tenesmus. Isolated compounds: 618, 952, 3528, 3579, 4296, 8669,8671, 13326, 13327, 13328, 13329, 13330, 13331, 13332, 13333,13334, 14436, 14755, 14770, 14793, 17939, 17952, 17953, 19231,19232, 20026.T0317 Allium porrum (Liliaceae); JIU CONG; Leek. Isolated compounds:4296, 12068, 12069, 12206, 19634, 20210, 20211.T0318 Allium sativum (Liliaceae); DA SUAN; Garlic. Used part: bulb. TCMEffects: To warm center and move stagnation, resolve toxin, killworms. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen,diarrhea, dysentery, bacillary dysentery, amebic dysentery,tuberculosis, epidemic encephalitis, cholera, trichomoniasis, laryngealcarcinoma, pertussis, throat impediment, dry cough, common cold,malaria, edema, swelling toxin of welling abscess and boil, intestinalwelling abscess, lichen sore, snake or insect bites, ancylostomiasis,oxyuria disease, taenia infection, vaginal discharge and pudendal itch,clavus. Isolated compounds: 618, 785, 920, 921, 923, 924, 926, 944,947, 948, 950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 3760, 4296, 5349, 5486, 6342,6407, 6417, 6501, 6524, 6531, 8312, 10663, 11414, 14126, 14127,14128, 14278, 14327, 14328, 14329, 14582, 14690, 14691, 14694,14759, 16876, 17919, 17921, 17937, 17972, 17978, 19396, 20479,21626, 22509, 22511, 22512, 22513, 22514, 22515, 22518.T0319 Allium schoenoprasum (Liliaceae); XI XIANG CONG; Chive-like.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, free qi and effusesweat. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, headache,cold-damp red swelling, pain wind, sore. Isolated compounds: 14662,14691, 17927, 21370.T0320 Allium senescens (Liliaceae); SHAN JIU; Aging Leek. Isolatedcompounds: 4297.T0321 Allium sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 6501.T0322 Allium tuberosum (Liliaceae); JIU CAI; Tuber Onion. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To supplement kidney, warm center, move qi, dissipatestasis, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity impotence,cold pain in abdomen, dysphagia-occlusion and stomach reflux, chestimpediment, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria,dysentery, hemorrhoids, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,lacquer sore, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 618, 948, 6342,6414, 14126, 14690, 22075, 22076, 22079.T0323 Allium tuberosum (Liliaceae); JIU ZI; Tuber Onion Seed. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To supplement liver and kidney, invigorate yangand secure essence. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity impotence, limpaching lumbus and knees, emission, frequent urination, urinaryturbidity, Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 8710, 8742, 18720,22081, 22082.T0324 Allium victorialis (Liliaceae); GE CONG; Longroot Onion. Used part:bulb. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis, stanch bleeding, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, blood stasis swelling and pain,spontaneous external bleeding, swelling pain of welling abscess andsore. Isolated compounds: 948, 952, 12195, 14126, 15424, 22158.T0325 Alnus crispa (Betulaceae); MEI ZHOU LU QI MU; American GreenAlder. Isolated compounds: 17421.T0326 Alnus glutinosa (Betulaceae); OU ZHOU QI MU; European Alder.Isolated compounds: 3388.T0327 Alnus hirsute var. microphylla (Betulaceae); XIAO YE YING MAO QIMU; Smallleaf-hirsute Alder*. Isolated compounds: 17754.T0328 Alnus japonica (Betulaceae); CHI YANG; Japanese Alder. Used part:bark, tender branchlet-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and downbearfire, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Incessant nosebleed, bleedingdue to external injury, water diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 958, 959,960, 961, 963, 964, 965, 1110, 1113, 4930, 5829, 7445, 8788, 9219,9550, 9551, 12082, 13097, 14489, 16174, 16175, 17547, 17548,17754, 18411, 19211, 19312, 19609, 19610, 20389, 21843, 21844.T0329 Alnus oregana (Betulaceae); AO LEI TONG QI MU; Oregon Alder.Isolated compounds: 2331.T0330 Alnus pendula (Betulaceae); CHUI QI MU; Drooping Alder*. Isolatedcompounds: 966, 8081.T0331 Alnus sieboldiana (Betulaceae); XI BO DE QI MU; Siebold Alder*.Isolated compounds: 962, 17420, 17421.T0332 Alnus spp. (Betulaceae). Isolated compounds: 5763, 17547, 19312.T0333 Alocasia cucullata [Syn. Arum cucullatum] (Araceae); JIAN WEI YU;Chinese Taro. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dissipate binds and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Influenza, leptospirosis, early stage of sores and welling abscess toxin,scrofula, phlegmon, chronic osteomyelitis, poisonous snake bites,poisonous bee stings. Isolated compounds: 8012.T0334 Aloe arborescens var. natalensis (Liliaceae); WU GONG ZHANG;Arborescent Aloe*. Used part: fresh juice of leaf. TCM Effects: Todrain fire and resolve toxin, free stool. TCM Indications: Liver fireand red eyes, dizziness, lung heat cough asthma, repletion heatconstipation, swelling pain of welling abscess and sore, erythematouslupus. Isolated compounds: 981.T0335 Aloe ballyi (Liliaceae); BEI LI LU HUI; Bally Aloe*. Isolatedcompounds: 3979.Aloe barbadensis = Aloe veraT0336 Aloe cremnophila (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 9615.T0337 Aloe distans (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 9615.T0338 Aloe ferox (Liliaceae); HAO WANG JIAO LU HUI; Cape of GoodHope Aloe Dried Juice. Used part: solid residue obtained byevaporating liquid which drains from leaves. TCM Effects: See Aloevera. TCM Indications: See Aloe vera. Isolated compounds: 967, 974,975, 977, 978, 980, 981, 7755, 7761, 7762, 7763, 11204.

360T0339 Aloe gililandii (Liliaceae); JI SHI LU HUI; Gililand Aloe*. Isolatedcompounds: 3979.T0340 Aloe jacksonii (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 9615.T0341 Aloe marlothii (Liliaceae); MA SHI LU HUI; Marloth Aloe. Isolatedcompounds: 9772, 9774, 14129, 14130.T0342 Aloe perryi (Liliaceae); PEI LI LU HUI; Perry Aloe*. Isolatedcompounds: 981.T0343 Aloe ruspoliana (Liliaceae); LA SHI LU HUI; Ruspol Aloe*. Isolatedcompounds: 3979.T0344 Aloe sabaea (Liliaceae); SA BA LU HUI; Saba Aloe. Isolatedcompounds: 3543, 3979, 6332.T0345 Aloe sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 967.T0346 Aloe spp. (Liliaceae); DUO ZHONG LU HUI TI QU WU; Extracts ofAloe spp. Isolated compounds: 973.T0347 Aloe vera [Syn. Aloe barbadensis] (Liliaceae); LU HUI; Kulaso AloeDried Juice. Equivalent plant: Aloe ferox, Aloe vera var. chinensis.Used part: solid residue obtained by evaporating liquid which drainsfrom leaves. TCM Effects: To clear liver and relieve constipation.TCM Indications: Constipation, child gan accumulation, ascariasis,fright wind, lichen. Isolated compounds: 967, 972, 973, 976, 981,1365, 3040, 3046, 3138, 3585, 3615, 4135, 4146, 4672, 7771, 8761,9333, 9486, 9615, 9773, 11205, 11409, 12436, 13368, 13507, 13508,16831, 18739, 19087, 20444, 20446, 22843.T0348 Aloe vera var. chinensis (Liliaceae); BAN WEN LU HUI; ChineseAloe Dried Juice. Used part: solid residue obtained by evaporatingliquid which drains from leaves. TCM Effects: See Aloe vera. TCMIndications: See Aloe vera. Isolated compounds: 967, 979, 981, 3209,12569, 12891, 12893, 16561, 20280.T0349 Alomia myriadenia . Isolated compounds: 2048, 7078, 10296, 10297,18682.T0350 Alphonsea sclerocarpa (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 12641.T0351 Alphonsea spp. (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T0352 Alpinia allughas (Zingiberaceae); A LU HA LIANG JIANG; AllughaGalangal*. Isolated compounds: 17055.T0353 Alpinia blepharocalyx (Zingiberaceae); YUN NAN CAO KOU;Yunnan Galangal. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dry damp, warmstomach, fortify spleen. TCM Indications: Stomach cold abdominalpain, distention fullness in stomach duct, dysphagia-occlusion,belching, stomach reflux, cold-damp vomiting and diarrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 2468, 2498, 2499, 2500, 3012, 3014, 3015, 3016, 3018,3019, 3020, 3021, 3022, 4135, 4882, 4900, 4936, 5156, 5548, 5777,5778, 5779, 5780, 5788, 5804, 6217, 6844, 6846, 6847, 6848, 6849,9300, 9815, 9974, 10099, 10100, 10411, 10412, 13859, 14254, 14500,14613, 15351, 15352, 17174, 19987.T0354 Alpinia chinensis (Zingiberaceae); LIAN JIANG; Chinese Galangal.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To warm stomach and dissipatecold, disperse food and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Stomachachewith distention and oppression, dysphagia-occlusion and stomachreflux, abdominal pain and diarrhea, rheumatism, cold pain of joints.Isolated compounds: 985, 9669, 11806.T0355 Alpinia flabellata (Zingiberaceae); SHAN SHAN JIANG; FlabellateGalangal*. Isolated compounds: 10042, 10043, 10791, 10801, 12419,21892, 21901, 21931, 21932, 21933, 21934.T0356 Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae); DA LIANG JIANG; GalangaGalangal. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To warm stomach,dissipate cold, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Qi pain in heart andstomach, stomach cold, food damage vomiting and diarrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 140, 195, 675, 3048, 7521, 8079, 8080, 8081, 8082,13896, 14245, 15987, 17923.T0357 Alpinia japonica (Zingiberaceae); TU SHA REN; Japanese Galangal.Used part: fruit or seed. TCM Effects: To move qi, regulate center,fortify stomach. TCM Indications: Glomus, abdominal distention andpain, vomiting, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 989, 3048, 12331,18682.T0358 Alpinia katsumadai (Zingiberaceae); CAO DOU KOU; KatsumadaGalangal. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel damp andstrengthen spleen, warm stomach and check vomiting. TCMIndications: Spleen-stomach Cold-damp obstructing, distentionfullness and pain in stomach duct and abdomen, vomiting, diarrhea.Isolated compounds: 966, 985, 3187, 6487.T0359 Alpinia officinarum (Zingiberaceae); GAO LIANG JIANG; LesserGalangal. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To warm stomach, dispelwind, dissipate cold, move qi, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Coldpain in stomach duct and abdomen, vomiting, diarrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 2052, 2850, 6185, 6488, 7481, 7521, 8081, 9498, 9855,10027, 10186, 10188, 10191, 10214, 10215, 10450, 10451, 10630,12015, 13921, 13962, 13967, 14245, 15965, 17376, 18317, 19997.T0360 Alpinia oxyphylla (Zingiberaceae); YI ZHI REN; Sharpleaf Galangal.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm spleen, check diarrhea, warmkidney, reduce urine, secure essence. TCM Indications:Spleen-stomach vacuity cold, vomiting and diarrhea, cold pain inabdomen, drooling, enuresis due to kidney vacuity, frequent urination,emission, white turbidity. Isolated compounds: 11364, 11614, 11806,12403, 12800, 12891, 12893, 14536, 15438, 15704, 15705, 16066,16461, 16462, 16463, 16464, 16465, 16466, 16467, 16468, 16561,19689, 20204, 20899, 22876, 22877.T0361 Alpinia pinnanensis (Zingiberaceae); ZHU SUI SHAN JIANG; PinnanGalangal. Isolated compounds: 986, 987, 988, 3013, 3017, 6843, 6845.T0362 Alpinia sp. (Zingiberaceae). Isolated compounds: 3695.T0363 Alpinia speciosa (Zingiberaceae); DA CAO KOU; Beautiful Galangal.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and dry damp, dispelphlegm and interrupt malaria, fortify spleen and warm stomach. TCMIndications: Cold pain in heart and abdomen, distention fullness inchest and abdomen, cold-damp accumulation and obstruction,indigestion, vomiting and diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 985, 2550,3187, 4936, 9669, 14245, 15204.Alsomitra graciliflora = Hemsleya gracilifloraT0364 Alsophila spinulosa (Cyatheaceae); SUO LUO; Spiny Alsophila. Usedpart: stem. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quickenblood and free network vessels, relieve cough and calm asthma, clearheat and resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, kidney vacuity lumbago, knocks and falls, intestinalpain due to qi disorder, wind-fire toothache, cough, asthma, scab andlichen, ascariasis, oxyuria disease, provention of influenza. Isolatedcompounds: 9286, 9287.T0365 Alsophila spp. (Cyatheaceae). Isolated compounds: 22581.

361T0366 Alstonia angustifolia (Apocynaceae); XIA YE JI GU CHANG SHAN;Narrowleaf Alstonia*. Isolated compounds: 670, 995, 5058, 5059,12451, 13879.T0367 Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae); GAN LAO JI GU CHANG SHAN;Boone Alstonia. Isolated compounds: 6699.T0368 Alstonia constricta (Apocynaceae); SHU JI GU CHANG SHAN;Constricted Alstonia*. Isolated compounds: 1002, 18623.T0369 Alstonia legouixiae (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 18303.T0370 Alstonia macrophylla (Apocynaceae); DA YE TANG JIAO SHU;Deviltree Alstonia. Isolated compounds: 310, 669, 994, 996, 997, 998,999, 1000, 1001, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 5060, 5061, 6259, 6270,9776, 9777, 9977, 9978, 13316, 13837, 13878, 14036, 14724, 16292,16293, 18302, 18303, 20652, 22494, 22495, 22610.T0371 Alstonia mairei (Apocynaceae); YANG JIAO MIAN; Maire Alstonia.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, bleeding dueto external injury. Isolated compounds: 942, 17375, 18074, 19386,21055.T0372 Alstonia quaternata (Apocynaceae); SI SHU JI GU CHANG SHAN;Quaternary Alstonia*. Isolated compounds: 18303.T0373 Alstonia restricta (Apocynaceae); YOU XIAN YA JIAO SHU; LimitedAlstonia*. Isolated compounds: 21055.T0374 Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae); XIANG PI MU; Common Alstonia.Used part: bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,relieve cough and dispel phlegm, stanch bleeding and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, lung heat coughasthma, pertussis, icterohepatitis, stomachache, vomiting and diarrhea,malaria, swollen welling abscess and sores, painful swelling fromknocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:1110, 1111, 1249, 3040, 3760, 6698, 6699, 13100, 13501, 14138,17296, 17329, 18752, 18753, 19612, 20369, 21055, 22092, 22327.T0375 Alstonia spatulata (Apocynaceae); DAO ZHUANG JI GU CHANGSHAN; Spatulate Alstonia*. Isolated compounds: 6699.T0376 Alstonia spectabilis (Apocynaceae); ZHUANG GUAN JI GU CHANGSHAN; Spectacular Alstonia*. Isolated compounds: 6699.T0377 Alstonia venenata (Apocynaceae); YIN DU YA JIAO SHU; VenenousAlstonia*. Isolated compounds: 1007, 12268, 22375.T0378 Alstonia yunnanensis (Apocynaceae); DIAN JI GU CHANG SHAN;Yunnan Alstonia. Used part: root or branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: Tointerrupt malaria, clear heat and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Malaria, common cold with fever,lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat, mouth and tongue sores,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, knocks and falls, bleedingdue to external injury. Isolated compounds: 4768, 7012, 16379, 18633,22368.T0379 Alternanthera philoxeroides (Amaranthaceae); KONG XIN XIAN;Alligator Alternanthera. Used part: fresh aerial parts. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and cool blood, resolve toxin, disinhibit urine. TCMIndications: Viral infection, toxic hepatitis, icterohepatitis, epidemichemorrhagic conjunctivitis, hemoptysis, hematuria, common cold withfever, hemorrhagic fever, measles papules, encephalitis of early stage,encephalitis B, jaundice, strangury-turbidity, epidemic parotitis,eczema, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 2973, 9588, 9589, 16052, 18743.T0380 Alternanthera repens (Amaranthaceae); CI HUA LIAN ZI CAO;Spinyflower Alternanthera. Isolated compounds: 6171, 6172, 6173,6174.T0381 Althaea officinalis (Malvaceae); YAO SHU KUI; Marshmallow.Isolated compounds: 20566.T0382 Althaea rosea (Malvaceae); SHU KUI HUA; Hollyhock Flower. Usedpart: flower. TCM Effects: To harmonize blood and stanch bleeding,resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, profuse menstruation, red and whitevaginal discharge, urinary and fecal stoppage, child wind papules,malaria, welling abscess and flat abscess with swollen boil, scorpionsting, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 9424.T0383 Alyxia sinensis (Apocynaceae); LIAN ZHU TENG; China Alyxia.Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, blood stasis and menstrual block,stomachache, diarrhea, knocks and falls, damp beriberi. Isolatedcompounds: 2170.T0384 Amanita pantherina (Amanitaceae); BAO BAN E GAO; LeopardLeather Mushroom*; Tengutake (in Japanese). Isolated compounds:1052, 10592, 10744.T0385 Amanita phalloides (Amanitaceae); DU E GAO; Death Cap. Isolatedcompounds: 17040.T0386 Amanita spp. (Amanitaceae). Isolated compounds: 10938.T0387 Amaranthus caudatus (Amaranthaceae); WEI SUI XIAN;Love-lies-bleeding. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen,disperse gan. TCM Indications: Fatigue hypodynamia due tospleen-stomach vacuity, reduced food intake, child gan accumulation.Isolated compounds: 1013, 2318.T0388 Amaranthus lividus (Amaranthaceae); AO TOU XIAN; EmarginateAmaranth. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Dysentery,diarrhea, swelling toxin of clove sore, poisonous snake bites, stings,inhibited urination [=dysuria], edema. Isolated compounds: 16901.T0389 Amaranthus tricolor (Amaranthaceae); YAN LAI HONG;Three-coloured Amaranth. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit urine and free stool. TCM Indications:Dysentery, urinary and fecal stoppage, snake or insect bites, sore toxin.Isolated compounds: 1013.T0390 Amaryllis belladonna (Amaryllidaceae); GU TING HUA; Jersey Lily.Isolated compounds: 1016, 1021, 3152, 4241, 9547, 10826, 13241,16600.T0391 Amaryllis belladonna [hybrida] (Amaryllidaceae); GU TING HUA ZAJIAO ZHONG; Jersey Lily Hybrid. Isolated compounds: 2219.Amaryllis radiata = Lycoris radiataT0392 Amberboa lippi (Asteraceae); LI PU PO JU; Lipp Amberboa*. Isolatedcompounds: 1022.T0393 Amberboa muricata (Asteraceae); AN BEI JU; Muricate Amberboa*.Isolated compounds: 4565.T0394 Amberboa ramosa (Asteraceae); FEN ZHI PO JU; RamoseAmberboa*. Isolated compounds: 1476, 14452, 14511.T0395 Ambrosia acanthicarpa (Asteraceae); CI GUO TUN CAO; Bur Sage.

362Isolated compounds: 3467.T0396 Ambrosia ambrosioids (Asteraceae); PU TONG TUN CAO; Ragweed.Isolated compounds: 4624.T0397 Ambrosia artemisiaefolium) (Asteraceae); MEI ZHOU TUN CAO;American Ragweed*. Isolated compounds: 1028.T0398 Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae); TUN CAO; Common Ragweed.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To kill snails. Isolated compounds:4624, 4625, 18081, 18082, 18083, 21328.T0399 Ambrosia chamissonis (Asteraceae); CHA MI SEN TUN CAO;Chamisson Ragweed. Isolated compounds: 7030.T0400 Ambrosia confertiflora (Asteraceae); MI HUA TUN CAO;Denseflower Ragweed*. Isolated compounds: 3972, 19308, 20664.T0401 Ambrosia dumosa (Asteraceae); BAI CI GUO TUN CAO; White BurSage. Isolated compounds: 3972, 7030, 20664.T0402 Ambrosia hispida (Asteraceae); CU YING MAO TUN CAO; HispidRagweed*. Isolated compounds: 9564.T0403 Ambrosia maritima (Asteraceae); YAN HAI TUN CAO;Oak-of-Cappadocia. Isolated compounds: 1029.T0404 Ambrosia polystachya (Asteraceae); DUO SUI TUN CAO; ManyspikeRagweed. Isolated compounds: 8982.T0405 Ambrosia psilostachya (Asteraceae); LUO SUI TUN CAO; PerennialRagweed. Isolated compounds: 16674, 18081, 18082, 18083.T0406 Ambrosia psilostachya var. coronopifolia (Asteraceae); GUAN LUOSUI TUN CAO; Crestedspike Ragweed. Isolated compounds: 4087.T0407 Ambrosia spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 16675.T0408 Amelanchier spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 17287.T0409 Amentotaxus yunnanensis (Taxaceae); YUN NAN SUI HUA SHAN;Yunnan Amentotaxus. Isolated compounds: 5600, 6199, 13126, 19756,19757, 19983, 20107.T0410 Ammi majus (Apiaceae); DA A MI; Big Ammi. Isolated compounds:933, 22774.T0411 Ammi sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2309.T0412 Ammi visnaga (Apiaceae); CHI A MI; Tooth Ammi. Isolatedcompounds: 1960, 5707, 12221, 19227, 22530, 22552, 22553.T0413 Ammocharis coranica (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 472,4237, 13241, 14352, 14389.T0414 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus [Syn. Piptanthus mongolicus] (Fabaceae);SHA DONG QING; Mongolian Ammopiptanthus. Equivalent plant:Piptanthus nanus. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken blood. TCMIndications: Rheumatic pain in joints, frostbite. Isolated compounds:16206.T0415 Amomum aculeatum (Zingiberaceae); CI DOU KOU; AculeateAmomum*. Isolated compounds: 589, 10159.T0416 Amomum kravanh [Syn. Amomum cardamomum] (Zingiberaceae); BAIDOU KOU; Round Cardamom. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Totransform damp and move qi, warm center and check vomiting,increase appetite and disperse food. TCM Indications: Spleen-stomachqi stagnation due to damp obstructing middle-jiao, vomiting withstomach cold, vomiting of milk in infants with stomach cold. Isolatedcompounds: 2550, 3237, 3241, 3242, 9669, 9671, 9672, 9673, 13771,20995, 20997.T0417 Amomum longiligulare (Zingiberaceae); HAI NAN SHA REN; HainanAmonum. Used part: ripe fruit or seed. TCM Effects: See Amomumvillosum. TCM Indications: See Amomum villosum. Isolatedcompounds: 2557.T0418 Amomum muricarpum (Zingiberaceae); YOU GUO DOU KOU;Wartyfruit Amomum. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm centerand transform damp, fortify stomach and disperse food, checkvomiting and quiet fetus. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct,vomiting, diarrhea, malign obstruction in pregnancy, stirring fetusdisquieted. Isolated compounds: 15080, 15081.T0419 Amomum villosum (Zingiberaceae); SHA REN; Villous Amomum.Equivalent plant: Amomum xanthioides, Amomum longiligulare. Usedpart: ripe fruit or seed. TCM Effects: To move qi and regulate center,harmonize stomach and arouse spleen. TCM Indications: Abdominalpain glomus distention, food stagnation in torpid stomach,dysphagia-occlusion, vomiting, cold dysentery, stirring fetus inpregnancy. Isolated compounds: 2550, 2557, 3048, 15500, 20364.T0420 Amomum xanthioides (Zingiberaceae); SUO SHA MI; Locklebur-likeAmomum. Used part: ripe fruit or seed. TCM Effects: See Amomumvillosum. TCM Indications: See Amomum villosum. Isolatedcompounds: 1192, 2276, 2548, 2549, 2550, 2557, 9880, 9881, 15976,22335, 22468.T0421 Amorpha fruticosa (Fabaceae); ZI SUI HUAI; Indigobush Amorpha.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispeldamp and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Welling abscess, burnsand scalds, eczema. Isolated compounds: 1071, 7481, 7883, 20965.T0422 Amorphophallus sp. (Araceae). Isolated compounds: 11025.T0423 Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Vitaceae); SHE PU TAO; Ampelopsis.Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine, clear heat,eliminate inflammation, allay thirst. TCM Indications: Chronicnephritis, hepatitis, pain of hot urine, stomach heat vomiting, windpapules, sore toxin, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 1113, 1764, 7441, 12020, 14892, 18643.T0424 Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. hancei (Vitaceae); GUANG YESHE PU TAO; Hance Snakegrape. Used part: root and root cortex.TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, enteritis,dysentery, innominate toxin swelling, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 1075, 1077, 1078, 16550.Ampelopsis cantoniesis var. grossedentata = Ampelopsis grossedentataT0425 Ampelopsis chaffanjonii (Vitaceae); YU YE SHE PU TAO; ChaffanjonAmpelopsis. Isolated compounds: 1079.T0426 Ampelopsis grossedentata [Syn. Ampelopsis cantoniesis var.grossedentata] (Vitaceae); XIAN CHI SHE PU TAO; BigdentateAmpelopsis. Used part: stem-leaf or root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, swelling pain in throat,icterohepatitis, red eyes with gall, swollen sore of welling abscess andboil. Isolated compounds: 1026, 1074, 15170, 15184.T0427 Ampelopsis japonica [Syn. Paullinia japonica] (Vitaceae); BAI LIAN;Japanese Ampelopsis. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dissipate binds and relieve pain, close sores andengender flesh. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of sore and wellingabscess, burns and scalds, scrofula, damp sore, warm malaria, fright

363epilepsy, blood dysentery, intestinal wind, hemorrhoids and fistulas,leukorrhea, knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 1074, 2687, 8095, 16836.T0428 Ampelopsis megalophylla (Vitaceae); DA YE SHE PU TAO; LargeleafAmpelopsis. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, calm liver and lower blood pressure, quicken bloodand free network vessels. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea,dribbling pain of urination, hypertension, dizzy head and distentioneyes, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1074.T0429 Amphidinium carterae (Gymnodiniaceae); KA SHI QIAN GOU ZAO.Isolated compounds: 6426, 6519, 20282.T0430 Amphimedon paraviridis Sponge Amphimedon paraviridis. Isolatedcompounds: 6364.T0431 Amphipterygium adstringens (Julianaceae); SHOU LIAN LIANG YIMU; Cuachalalate (local name). Isolated compounds: 6980, 10364,19983.T0432 Amphoricarpos neumayeri ssp. murbeckii (Asteraceae). Isolatedcompounds: 314, 5335, 11756, 11757.T0433 Amphoricarpos neumayeri ssp. neumayeri (Asteraceae). Isolatedcompounds: 314, 5335, 11756, 11757.T0434 Amsonia sinensis (Apocynaceae); SHUI GAN CAO; China Amsonia.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Children wind-heat, erysipelas, sore toxin. Isolatedcompounds: 1088, 1089, 19916.T0435 Anabasis aphylla (Chenopodiaceae); WU YE JIA MU ZEI; LeaflessAnabasis. Used part: twig. TCM Effects: To kill worms. Isolatedcompounds: 1124, 1474, 13104.T0436 Anabasis brevifolia (Chenopodiaceae); DUAN YE JIA MU ZEI;Shortleaf Anabasis. Isolated compounds: 8625, 10799, 14175.T0437 Anabasis salsa (Chenopodiaceae); YAN SHENG JIA MU ZEI;Saltliving Anabasis. Isolated compounds: 8625, 10799, 14175.T0438 Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae); DU XIAN ZI; CommonCashew Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To moisten lung andtransform phlegm, eliminate vexation and allay thirst. TCMIndications: Cough and counterflow, vexation and thirst. Isolatedcompounds: 1128, 2380, 3188, 8403, 15279.T0439 Anadenanthera colubrine (Fabaceae); XI CHANG NAN MEI DOU.Isolated compounds: 1110, 1131, 13097, 13098.T0440 Anagallis arvensis (Primulaceae); LIU LI FAN LV; Scarlet Pimpernel.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold,quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Crane’s knee wind,yin syndrome with sores, poisonous snake bites, rabid dog bite.Isolated compounds: 1132, 1133, 1825, 1826, 1827.T0441 Anagyris foetida (Fabaceae); CHOU WEI HONG DOU; Bean Trefoil.Isolated compounds: 1134.T0442 Anamirta cocculus (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 6097,17348.T0443 Anamirta paniculata (Menispermaceae); YIN DU FANG JI. Isolatedcompounds: 17347.T0444 Ananas comosus (Bromeliaceae); FENG LI; Pineapple. Used part:pericarp. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, check dysentery, relievecough. TCM Indications: Dysentery, cough. Isolated compounds: 4451,10967, 13126, 20434.T0445 Anaphalis contorta (Asteraceae); XUAN YE XIANG QING;Coiledleaf Pearleverlasting. Isolated compounds: 7751.T0446 Anaphalis margaritacea (Asteraceae); DA YE BAI TOU WENG;Common Pearleverlasting. Used part: whole herb with root. TCMEffects: To clear heat and drain fire, dry damp, expel worms. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, stomach fire toothache, damp-heatdysentery, ascariasis, mammary welling abscess, scrofula, ulcer oflower limb. Isolated compounds: 3564, 4947, 6027, 10048.T0447 Anchusa officinalis (Boraginaceae); YAO YONG NIU SHE CAO;Alkanet. Isolated compounds: 3847, 12925.T0448 Anchusa strigosa (Boraginaceae); CU MAO NIU SHE CAO; Hemhem(in Jordan). Isolated compounds: 2454, 9319, 10181, 18663, 18664,18665, 18666, 20487, 21145, 21489.T0449 Ancistrocladus heyneanus (Ancistrocladaceae); HAI NI GOU ZHITENG; Indian Liana. Isolated compounds: 1141, 1142, 1143, 1144,1145, 1147.T0450 Ancistrocladus korupensis (Ancistrocladaceae); GOU ZHI TENG;Ancistrocladus*. Isolated compounds: 14831.T0451 Ancistrocladus likoko (Ancistrocladaceae); ZHONG FEI GOU ZHITENG; Central-African Ancistrocladus*. Isolated compounds: 1146.T0452 Andira inermis (Fabaceae); WU CI KE YA SHU; Angelin-tree.Isolated compounds: 676, 1928, 3004, 3005, 3006, 3007, 3700, 5659,7883, 13281, 13638.T0453 Andrographis echioides (Acanthaceae); LAN JI CHUAN XIN LIAN;Echiumlike Andrographis. Isolated compounds: 5604.T0454 Andrographis elongata (Acanthaceae); SHEN CHANG CHUAN XINLIAN; Elongate Andrographis*. Isolated compounds: 10026, 20004,20007, 20008, 21774.T0455 Andrographis lineata (Acanthaceae); TIAO WEN CHUAN XIN LIAN;Linea Andrographis*. Isolated compounds: 5717, 10785, 16869.T0456 Andrographis neesiana (Acanthaceae). Isolated compounds: 6696,9506, 10794.T0457 Andrographis paniculata [Syn. Justicia paniculata] (Acanthaceae);CHUAN XIN LIAN; Common Andrographis. Used part: dried aerialparts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, drain fire, drydamp. TCM Indications: Infection of upper respiratory tract, fever,wind-heat common cold, bacillary dysentery, diarrhea, tonsillitis,pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung heat cough, pulmonary welling abscess,postlithotripsy urinary tract infection, warm disease fever, pertussis,swelling pain in throat, damp-heat jaundice, strangury syndrome,erysipelas, sore and welling abscess, eczema, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 1149, 1150, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1155, 1156,1157, 1158, 1159, 4680, 4876, 4901, 5152, 5167, 5183, 5200, 10024,10793, 10795, 14137, 14928, 15337, 16609, 16610, 16611, 19987,20004, 21180.T0458 Andrographis rothii (Acanthaceae). Isolated compounds: 6695, 10022,21181.T0459 Andrographis serpyllifolia (Acanthaceae); BAI LI XIANG YE CHUNXIN LIAN; Andrographis*. Isolated compounds: 20005, 20006.T0460 Andrographis viscosula (Acanthaceae); NAN YIN DU CHUAN XINLIAN; South-India Andrographis*. Isolated compounds: 10789, 16870,21183, 21912, 21915.T0461 Andropogon sp. (Poaceae). Isolated compounds: 17455.

364T0462 Anemarrhena asphodeloides (Liliaceae); ZHI MU; CommonAnemarrhena. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddrain fire, enrich yin and moisten dryness, eliminate vexation and allaythirst. TCM Indications: Diabetes mellitus, warm heat disease, ardentfever with vexation and thirst, cough and asthma, dry cough,constipation, steaming bone tidal fever, vacuity vexation and insomnia,strangury-turbidity. Isolated compounds: 1171, 1172, 1173, 1174, 1175,1176, 1177, 3589, 4298, 4870, 8401, 8670, 9546, 10615, 11524, 13331,13481, 13569, 13570, 14926, 15397, 15526, 15528, 16827, 19390,20025, 20027, 20209, 20217, 21393, 21394, 21395, 22796.T0463 Anemone altaica (Ranunculaceae); A ER TAI YIN LIAN HUA; AltaiAnemone*. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To transform phlegmand open orifices, quiet spirit, diffuse damp and arouse spleen, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Febrile diseases clouded spirit, epilepsy,qi-block deafness, heavy dreams and amnesia, oppression in chest andabdomen distention, inappetence, wind-damp impediment pain,welling abscess and flat abscess, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds:21209.T0464 Anemone anhuiensis (Ranunculaceae); AN HUI YIN LIAN HUA;Anhui Anemone*. Isolated compounds: 1253, 1254, 1255, 1256.T0465 Anemone begoniifolia (Ranunculaceae); LUAN YE YIN LIAN HUA;Ovateleaf Anemone. Isolated compounds: 2211, 2212, 2213, 14573,14574.T0466 Anemone coronaria (Ranunculaceae); HUA GUAN YIN LIAN HUA;St. Brigid. Isolated compounds: 4436, 5013, 5014, 5015, 5016.T0467 Anemone flaccida (Ranunculaceae); E ZHANG CAO; FlaccidAnemone. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,disinhibit sinews and bones. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 7806.T0468 Anemone hupehensis (Ranunculaceae); DA PO WAN HUA HUA;Hupeh Anemone. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and kill worms, dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea, malaria,ascariasis, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, scrofula, knocks andfalls, acute icterohepatitis. Isolated compounds: 1178.T0469 Anemone obtusiloba (Ranunculaceae); DUN LIE YIN LIAN HUA;Obtuselobed Anemone. Isolated compounds: 15905, 15906, 15907.T0470 Anemone raddeana (Ranunculaceae); DUO BEI YIN LIAN HUA;Radde Windflower. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain, disperse swollen wellingabscess. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment,hypertonicity of limbs, aching pain in joints, swelling pain of wellingabscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 6755, 6756, 16059, 18516,18517, 18518, 18520, 18521.T0471 Anemone rivularis (Ranunculaceae); HU ZHANG CAO; BrookletAnemone. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, quicken blood and soothe sinews, disperse swelling, relieve pain.TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, mumps, scrofula, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, malaria, cough, damp-heatjaundice, wind-damp pain, stomachache, toothache, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 2334, 9692, 9693, 9694, 9695, 16060, 18855.T0472 Anethum graveolens (Apiaceae); SHI LUO ZI; Dill Fruit. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To warm spleen and kidney, increase appetite,move qi, dissipate cold, resolve toxin of fish and meat. TCMIndications: Sand foulness retching, cold pain in abdomen, coldmounting, glomus fullness. Isolated compounds: 2276, 3237, 5177,5207, 5209, 5220, 5808, 5810, 6141, 6142, 6193, 7334, 7443, 8237,8808, 8810, 9841, 10433, 10471, 10953, 12843, 13741, 13747, 13753,13754, 13777, 13778, 13877, 14419, 20569, 21339, 21359, 22196,22252.T0473 Anethum sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 12420, 22552.T0474 Angelica acutiloba [Syn. Ligusticum acutilobum] (Apiaceae); DONGDANG GUI; Acutelobed Angelica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tosupplement blood and quicken blood, regulate menstruation andrelieve pain, moisten dryness and lubricate intestines. TCMIndications: Blood vaculty, menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea,amenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, intestinal dry andconstipation. Isolated compounds: 2797, 2803, 4550, 7852, 11690,12825.T0475 Angelica acutiloba var. sugiyamae (Apiaceae); BEI HAI DANG GUI;Northsea Angelica*. Isolated compounds: 4550, 7852.T0476 Angelica anomala (Apiaceae); XIA YE DANG GUI; NarrowleafAngelica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, headache and nasal congestion, deep-source nasalcongestion, gum swelling and pain, swelling of sores, vaginaldischarge. Isolated compounds: 1347.T0477 Angelica archangelica (Apiaceae); YUAN DANG GUI; Angelica.Isolated compounds: 1619, 12395, 16261, 16263, 16457, 21371,22774, 22775.T0478 Angelica dahurica [Syn. Angelica porphyrocaulis] (Apiaceae); BAIZHI; Dahurian Angelica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand resolve exterior, dispel damp and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, nasal congestion, headache (especially inforehead and superciliary region), toothache, infections, acute mastitis,sores, excessive leukorrhea, stomachache. Isolated compounds: 933,934, 1191, 2041, 2833, 4597, 4598, 4599, 4600, 4601, 4602, 4603,5098, 6371, 7455, 7672, 9088, 9379, 9486, 11001, 11462, 13571,13571, 14269, 14391, 14656, 14925, 15348, 15647, 15695, 15699,15950, 15957, 16457, 16460, 16488, 16833, 17056, 17077, 19542,19704, 21041, 21043, 21611, 22195, 22220, 22221.T0479 Angelica dahurica cv. qibaizhi (Apiaceae); QI BAI ZHI; QibaizhiAngelica*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelica taiwaniana.TCM Indications: See Angelica taiwaniana. Isolated compounds: 618,11001, 11462, 14204, 17077.T0480 Angelica decursiva [Syn. Peucedanum decursivum] (Apiaceae); QIANHU; Common Hogfennel. Equivalent plant: Peucedanumpraeruptorum, Peucedanum longshengens, Peucedanum rubricaule,Ligusticum brachylobum. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To coursewind and dissipate heat, downbear qi and transform phlegm. TCMIndications: Cough, externally contracted wind-heat, lung heat phlegmdepression, cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, sticky phlegm,retching counterflow and reduced food intake, fullness and oppressionin chest and diaphragm. Isolated compounds: 213, 4677, 4678, 4859,4862, 4863, 7385, 9786, 9787, 12527, 15645, 15647, 16772, 17028,20225, 22119, 22120, 22121.

365T0481 Angelica furcijuga (Apiaceae); FEN CHA DANG GUI; FurcateAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 1213, 1214, 1523, 1536, 2041, 3857,6838, 7411, 7768, 9835, 10922, 10923, 10924, 10925, 10926, 10927,11001, 11412, 11462, 11637, 12020, 16456, 16459, 17034, 17757,18282, 22195, 22775.T0482 Angelica genuflexa (Apiaceae); QU XI DANG GUI; GenuflexAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 17375.T0483 Angelica gigas (Apiaceae); CHAO XIAN DANG GUI; GiganticAngelica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To extinguish wind andharmonize blood. TCM Indications: Pain in joints, wrenching andcontusion. Isolated compounds: 4862, 4863, 5098, 7052, 7053, 9968,10197, 10765, 11462, 13571, 14078, 15645, 15647, 17035, 22195,22774, 22781.T0484 Angelica glabra (Apiaceae); GUANG HUA DANG GUI; GlabrateAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 1193, 2833, 17077.T0485 Angelica japonica (Apiaceae); RI BEN DANG GUI; JapaneseAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 22530.T0486 Angelica keiskei (Apiaceae); BIN HAI DANG GUI; SeashoreAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 9992.T0487 Angelica keislcei (Apiaceae); KAI SHI DANG GUI; KeislceAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 1619.T0488 Angelica longeradiata (Apiaceae); CHANG BIAN HUA DANG GUI;Longradiate Angelica*. Isolated compounds: 1619.T0489 Angelica officinalis (Apiaceae); YAO YONG DANG GUI; MedicinalAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 22774.T0490 Angelica pachycarpa (Apiaceae); HOU GUO DANG GUI; ThickfruitAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 13571, 14204, 16263.T0491 Angelica polymorpha (Apiaceae); GUAI QIN; Polymorphic Angelica.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and effuse exterior,warm center and dissipate cold, rectify qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-cold exterior syndrome, wind-damp impedimentpain, pain in stomach duct and abdomen, chest and rib-side pain,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1195.Angelica porphyrocaulis = Angelica dahuricaAngelica pubescens = Angelica pubescens f. biserrataT0492 Angelica pubescens f. biserrata [Syn. Angelica pubescens] (Apiaceae);DU HUO; Doubleteeth Pubescent Angelica. Equivalent plant:Heracleum lanatum. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment (especially in lower part of body), painin lumbus and knees, headache, toothache. Isolated compounds: 1048,1188, 1191, 1193, 1194, 1196, 1197, 1198, 1199, 1200, 1349, 2306,2411, 2412, 3351, 3935, 3936, 3937, 3938, 4029, 4234, 4497, 4550,6412, 6485, 6494, 6546, 6741, 7229, 8002, 9044, 9669, 11221, 11249,11462, 11601, 11628, 13572, 13781, 13827, 14272, 14323, 14324,14349, 14621, 14631, 14792, 15146, 15219, 15500, 15645, 15647,15683, 15974, 16261, 16708, 16829, 17055, 17376, 18086, 19542,20156, 20524, 20988, 21043, 21360, 21371, 22195, 22774.T0493 Angelica radix (Apiaceae); ZHI GEN DANG GUI; Taproot Angelica*.Isolated compounds: 2797.T0494 Angelica shkiokiana (Apiaceae); SHI SHI DANG GUI; ShkiokiAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 7054.T0495 Angelica sinensis (Apiaceae); DANG GUI; Chinese Angelica.Equivalent plant: Phlojodicarpus sibiricus. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To nourish blood and regulate menstruation, quicken blood,relieve pain, moisten intestines and relieve constipation. TCMIndications: Women’s diseases, blood deficiency syndrome, menstrualdisorder, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, dysmenorrhea due to anemia,thrombophlebitis, neuralgia, arthritis, chronic nephritis, constrictiveaortitis, blood vaculty, pernicious anemia, anemia due to folic aciddeficiency, dysentery, hepatitis, Raynaud’s disease, lumbago, variouspains due to blood stasis and rheumatic impediment, sores, wellingabscess, constipation, ulcer in gastrointestinal tract, skin diseases,eczema, dermatitis, neurodermatitis, psoriasis. Isolated compounds:555, 556, 557, 558, 617, 618, 939, 1190, 1284, 2056, 2351, 2412,2600, 2791, 2797, 3045, 3051, 3231, 3350, 3466, 3589, 3855, 4233,4234, 5442, 5693, 5749, 6317, 6330, 6373, 6398, 6406, 6542, 7472,7473, 7477, 7768, 7853, 9021, 9071, 9486, 9618, 9619, 11336, 11421,12800, 12825, 12826, 14330, 15203, 15528, 17056, 17089, 17204,18656, 19542, 19596, 20369, 20372, 20444, 21041, 21068, 21941,21957, 22237, 22252, 22322, 22336, 22556.T0496 Angelica spp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22195.T0497 Angelica sylvestris (Apiaceae); LIN BAI ZHI; Wild Angelica. Isolatedcompounds: 1960, 11578, 16263.T0498 Angelica taiwaniana (Apiaceae); HANG BAI ZHI; Taiwan Angelica.Equivalent plant: Angelica dahurica cv. Qibaizhi. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, free orifices andrelieve pain, disperse swelling and expel pus. TCM Indications:Common cold with headache, eyebrow bone pain, toothache, nasalcongestion, deep-source nasal congestion, enduring diarrhea due todamp, leukorrhea, sores with welling abscess and flat abscess,poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 934, 1238, 1347, 2309,2834, 3856, 11001, 11301, 11462, 11578, 13968, 15348, 17077, 21944,21969, 22774, 22775.T0499 Angelica ursina (Apiaceae); BEI FANG DANG GUI; NorthernAngelica*. Isolated compounds: 1193, 9419, 18165.T0500 Anguilla japonica (Anguillidae); MAN LI YU; Japanese Eel. Used part:meat or whole fish. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and supplementlung, dispel wind and eliminate damp, resolve toxin and kill worms.TCM Indications: Indigestion, child gan accumulation, tuberculosiswith cough, impotence, flooding and spotting with vaginal discharge,beriberi with edema, wind-damp bone pain, intestinal wind, dysentery,sore, hemorrhoids and fistulas, malaria, intestinal parasitic disease.Isolated compounds: 1350, 3205, 9568.Anisodus acutangulus = Scopolia acutangulaT0501 Anisodus luridus (Solanaceae); SAI LANG DANG; CommonAnisodus. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To resolve spasm and relievepain. TCM Indications: Stomachache, cholecystalgia, acutegastroenteritis, chronic gastroenteritis. Isolated compounds: 2001,4417, 19541, 22050.T0502 Anisodus tanguticus [Syn. Scopolia tangutica] (Solanaceae); ZANGQIE; Tangut Anisodus. Used part: root and seed. TCM Effects: Toanesthetize and settle pain, resolve tetany and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Shock, shock due to acute infectious diseases, cerebralthrombosis, acute spinal cord inflammation, spasm of biliary ducts orduodenum, acute gastroenteritis, chronic gastroenteritis, contracture

366pain in stomach duct and abdomen, ascaridosis in biliary tract,gallstones, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, knocksand falls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 663, 1287, 1288, 4417, 10870,10872, 10873, 22050.T0503 Anisomeles indica [Syn. Epimeredi indica] (Lamiaceae); GUANGFANG FENG; Indian Epimeredi. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:To dispel wind-damp, disperse sore toxin. TCM Indications: Commoncold with fever, wind-damp impediment pain, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore, eczema of skin, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 6965, 16161, 16280, 16444.T0504 Annona bullata (Annonaceae); PAO ZHUANG FAN LI ZHI; BullateCustardapple*. Isolated compounds: 2735, 16677.T0505 Annona cherimolia (Annonaceae); MAO YE FAN LI ZHI; Cherimoya.Isolated compounds: 1297, 1298, 1299, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1317, 3512,3513, 3514, 3515, 6827, 6828, 11793, 12452, 14906, 16266, 18899,18907, 22099.T0506 Annona glabra (Annonaceae); YUAN HUA FAN LI ZHI; GlabrousCustardapple. Isolated compounds: 1301, 1307, 1318, 3294, 8494,8495, 15781, 17041, 18655.T0507 Annona glauca (Annonaceae); ROU MAO FAN LI ZHI; GlaucousCustardapple*. Isolated compounds: 8508.T0508 Annona montana (Annonaceae); SHAN FAN LI ZHI; MontanaCustardapple*. Isolated compounds: 1306, 1307, 1308, 1313, 1314,1315, 1316, 1324, 1325, 8379, 8946, 14934, 14935, 14936, 14937,14938, 14939, 14940, 14941, 14942, 14943, 22817.T0509 Annona muricata (Annonaceae); CI GUO FAN LI ZHI; Guanabana.Isolated compounds: 1294, 1295, 1296, 1302, 1307, 1308, 1310, 1311,1312, 1313, 1315, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1679, 1856, 2735, 4089, 4090,4091, 4135, 5240, 8946, 11864, 12956, 15082, 15083, 15084, 15084,15085, 15085, 15087, 15088, 15089, 15090, 15091, 15092, 15093,15094, 15095, 15096, 15097, 15098, 15099, 15339, 18898, 19096,20051, 20240, 22816.T0510 Annona purpurea (Annonaceae); ZI FAN LI ZHI; Soncoya. Isolatedcompounds: 8524, 16339, 16414, 18211, 18214, 18215, 21246.T0511 Annona reticulata (Annonaceae); NIU XIN FAN LI ZHI;Bullocksheart Custardapple. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clearheat and check dysentery, expel worms. TCM Indications: Heat toxindysentery, intestinal parasitic disease. Isolated compounds: 1306, 1317,1324, 1348, 11223, 11224, 11225, 12917, 14906, 15099, 18653, 18655,18899, 19198, 20051, 20244, 22818.T0512 Annona spinescens (Annonaceae); CI ZHUANG FAN LI ZHI; SpinedCustardapple*. Isolated compounds: 17006.T0513 Annona squamosa (Annonaceae); FAN LI ZHI; Custard Apple. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To supplement stomach and spleen, clear heatand resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Malign sore andswelling toxin, intestinal parasitic disease. Isolated compounds: 1309,1319, 1326, 1327, 1328, 1329, 1330, 1331, 1348, 2735, 2736, 5928,5929, 5930, 5932, 6972, 7788, 9706, 9722, 9723, 9757, 10275, 10276,10277, 10542, 12178, 12917, 14906, 15766, 18655, 20239, 20240,20241, 20242, 20244, 20245, 20246, 20247, 20248.T0514 Anodendron affine (Apocynaceae); SHAN TENG; CommonAnodendron. Isolated compounds: 1935, 15493, 22718.T0515 Anredera cordifolia [Syn. Baussingaultia cordifolia; Baussingaultiagracilis f. pseudobaselloides; Baussingaultia gracilis var.pseudobaselloides] (Basellaceae); LUO KUI SHU. Used part: driedstrumose bulbel in vine. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney andstrengthen lumbus, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Impediment pain in lumbus and knees, weakness duringconvalescence, knocks and falls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 12526.T0516 Anser cygnoides domestica (Anatidae); BAI E GAO; Goose Fat. Usedpart: fat of goose. TCM Effects: To moisten skin, disperse swollenwelling abscess. TCM Indications: Cracking, deafness, otitis media,dysphagia-occlusion and stomach reflux, drug poisoning, swollenwelling abscess, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 3511, 20281,21984.T0517 Anser cygnoides domestica (Anatidae); E CUI; Goose Tail-meat. Usedpart: tail meat. TCM Indications: Otitis media, deafness. Isolatedcompounds: 21194, 21205.T0518 Antennaria geyeri (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 6065, 10567.T0519 Antenoron neofiliforme (Polygonaceae) DUAN MAO JIN XIAN CAOGEN; Shorthairy Antenoron. Isolated compounds: 17869, 17881.T0520 Anthemis altissima (Asteraceae); GAO CHUN HUANG JU; TallCamomile. Isolated compounds: 1352, 1353.T0521 Anthemis carpatica (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 148, 1354,1356, 1357, 4355, 4715, 5148, 7048, 9730, 10078, 11292, 11293,11298, 11299, 17932, 21373, 21379.T0522 Anthemis cretica ssp. cretica [Syn. Anthemis montana] (Asteraceae);MENG DA NA CHUN HUANG JU; Montana Chamomile*. Isolatedcompounds: 1204, 1355.T0523 Anthemis nobilis (Asteraceae); GAO GUI CHUN HUANG JU;Common Chamomile. Isolated compounds: 1502, 2887, 7768, 15637,21176, 22035.T0524 Anthemis sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 19545.T0525 Anthemis spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 549.T0526 Anthopleura stell (Actiniidae); LV HAI KUI; Green Anemone. Isolatedcompounds: 14816.T0527 Anthoxanthum sp. (Poaceae). Isolated compounds: 5440.T0528 Anthriscus cerefolium (Apiaceae); XUE WEI CAI; Garden Chervil.Isolated compounds: 17028.T0529 Anthriscus sylvestris (Apiaceae); E SHEN; Woodland Beakchervil.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement spleen and boost qi,disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity and fooddistention, stomachache, lassitude in limbs, cough and asthma due tolung vacuity, senile nocturia, blood ejection from knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 1232, 1280, 1372, 1621, 2764, 5543, 6367, 9544,9789, 10833, 11228, 14966, 15647, 16263, 17592, 18832.T0530 Anthyllis sericea (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6194.T0531 Anthyllis vulneraria (Fabaceae); LIAO SHANG RONG MAO HUA;Kidney Vetch. Isolated compounds: 7802.T0532 Antiaris africana (Moraceae); FEI ZHOU JIAN XUE FENG HOU;African Antiaris*. Isolated compounds: 1377.T0533 Antiaris toxicaria [Syn. Ambora toxicaria] (Moraceae); JIAN XUEFENG HOU; Common Antiaris. Used part: juice and seed. TCMEffects: To strengthen heart, promote vomiting, drain precipitation,anesthetize (juice), resolve heat (seed), promote lactation. TCMIndications: Scrofula (juice), dysentery (seed). Isolated compounds:

3671374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1461, 1462, 13418, 16937, 16959,20396, 20404.T0534 Antiaris welwitschii (Moraceae); GANG GUO JIAN XUE FENGHOU; Congo Antiaris*. Isolated compounds: 1377.T0535 Antidesma bunius (Euphorbiaceae); WU YUE CHA; BignayChinalaurel. Used part: root, leaf and fruit. TCM Effects: To fortifyspleen, engender liquid, quicken blood, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Reduced food intake and diarrhea, fluid damage and thirst,knocks and falls, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 4616.T0536 Antirhea acutata (Moraceae); JIAN RUI MAO CHA; AcuteAntirhea*. Isolated compounds: 1398, 1449, 1450.T0537 Antirrhinum majus (Scrophulariaceae); JIN YU CAO; CommonSnapdragon. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearsummerheat and resolve toxin, quicken blood and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Toxin swelling of sores, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 1494, 4446.T0538 Antrodia camphorata (Poliporaceae); Niu-Chang chih; Jang Jy (inTaiwan). Isolated compounds: 1351, 7251, 10234, 10235, 11277,11278, 11279, 22990, 22991, 22992.T0539 Apis cerana (Apidae); FENG DU; Apisin. Used part: apisin. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Rheumatic arthritis, aching pain in lumbus muscle,neuralgia, hypertension, urticaria, asthma. Isolated compounds: 9568.T0540 Apis cerana (Apidae); FENG MI; Honey. Used part: honey. TCMEffects: To supplement stomach and spleen, relax tension and relievepain, moisten lung and relieve cough, moisten intestines and free stool,moisten skin and engender flesh, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Painin stomach duct and abdomen, lung heat dry cough, intestinal dry andconstipation, red eyes, mouth sore, enduring sores, wind papuleitching, burns and scalds, cracking of hands and feet. Isolatedcompounds: 351, 7853, 18261.T0541 Apis cerana (Apidae); FENG RU; Royal Jelly. Used part: royal jelly.TCM Effects: To enrich and supplement, enrich and invigorate, boostliver, fortify spleen. TCM Indications: Weakness during convalescence,gan accumulation, senile vacuity weakness, septicemia, chronichepatitis, duodenal ulcer, rheumatic arthritis, hypertension, diabetesmellitus, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, infertility. Isolatedcompounds: 351, 2393, 7853, 9966, 9967, 11083, 11084, 11085,12399.T0542 Apis cerana (Apidae); MI LA; Bee Wax. Used part: bee wax. TCMEffects: To resolve toxin, engender flesh, check dysentery, stanchbleeding, settle pain. TCM Indications: Effusion of back from wellingabscess and flat abscess, enduring sores, acute heart pain, dysenterywith pus and blood, chronic diarrhea, stirring fetus with bleeding,emission, Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 10895, 15190,15191, 16823, 18096.T0543 Apis mellifera ligustica (Apidae); FENG JIAO; Propolis. Used part:bee glue. TCM Effects: To eliminate inflammation and relieve pain,moisten skin and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Gastric ulcer, oralulcer, cervical erosion, zoster, psoriasis, skin chap and pain, clavus,wound, carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 56, 1476, 2330, 2890, 3600,6399, 6499, 8081, 9967, 11806, 12020, 18317, 18679.T0544 Apium graveolens (Apiaceae); HAN QIN; Wildcelery. Used part: herb.TCM Effects: To calm liver, clear heat, dispel wind, disinhibit water,stanch bleeding, resolve toxin, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications:Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, headache and dizziness, red faceand eyes, blood strangury, swollen welling abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 1502, 2791, 3372, 3373, 3374, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3378,3379, 3380, 3381, 3382, 3604, 3855, 8827, 8990, 9021, 13439, 15204,16884, 17021, 19784, 21974.T0545 Apium graveolens var. dulce (Apiaceae); HAN QIN BIAN ZHONG;Wildcelery Variety. Isolated compounds: 1476, 2803.T0546 Apium leptophyllum (Apiaceae); XIAN YE QIN; Thinleaf Celery.Isolated compounds: 19784.T0547 Apium sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22195.T0548 Aplysia dactylomela (Aplysiidae). Isolated compounds: 4595.T0549 Aplysia oculifera (Aplysiidae). Isolated compounds: 20251.T0550 Apocynum androsaemifolium (Apocynaceae); DIAN DI MEI YE CHAYE HUA; Spreading Dogbane. Isolated compounds: 117, 4549.T0551 Apocynum cannabinum (Apocynaceae); JIA ZHU TAO MA; BlackIndian Hemp. Isolated compounds: 117, 4549.T0552 Apocynum lancifolium (Apocynaceae); HONG MA; LanceleafDogbane*. Isolated compounds: 11642, 18317.T0553 Apocynum venetum (Apocynaceae); LUO BU MA; Dogbane. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and calm liver, disinhibitwater and disperse edema, check hyperactivity, lower blood pressure.TCM Indications: Cardiac failure, hypertension, edema, cirrhosis withascites, edema in pregnancy, dizziness, headache, palpitation,insomnia, scant urine with edema, chronic bronchitis, influenza.Isolated compounds: 1367, 1527, 1528, 1529, 1530, 1935, 3308, 4547,4549, 10887, 11642, 12020, 15416, 18317, 18363, 20397, 20398,20400.T0554 Aquilaria agallocha (Thymelaeaceae); CHEN XIANG; Eaglewood.Equivalent plant: Aquilaria sinensis. Used part: resinous wood. TCMEffects: To calm, move qi and relieve pain, warm center and downbearcounterflow, check vomiting, accept qi and calm asthma. TCMIndications: Cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, qi counterflowwith asthma, stomach cold with retching counterflow, vacuity cold inlumbus and knees, vacuity constipation, qi strangury. Isolatedcompounds: 275, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772,2111, 2114, 2274, 3831, 4934, 5539, 5660, 5807, 6083, 6486, 6912,7101, 7179, 8863, 9029, 9030, 9032, 9034, 9036, 9708, 9996, 10211,10212, 10441, 10617, 11199, 11869, 11870, 11871, 12164, 12375,12917, 13852, 13906, 13997, 14057, 14058, 14477, 14522, 14725,14726, 15447, 15768, 17113, 17114, 17119, 17120, 17121, 17122,19677, 19678, 19682, 19683, 19685, 21030, 21120, 21121, 21131,21785.T0555 Aquilaria sinensis (Thymelaeaceae); BAI MU XIANG; ChineseEaglewood. Used part: resinous wood. TCM Effects: See Aquilariaagallocha. TCM Indications: See Aquilaria agallocha. Isolatedcompounds: 704, 706, 1284, 2111, 2112, 2113, 2114, 3566, 4881, 5660,5996, 6082, 6084, 6258, 6283, 10210, 10439, 10440, 10616, 11245,11869, 13852, 13999, 14000, 14058, 17113, 19924, 19925.T0556 Aquilaria sp. (Thymelaeaceae). Isolated compounds: 14057.T0557 Aquilegia ecalcarata (Ranunculaceae); WU JU LOU DOU CAI;

368Spurless Columbine. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To resolve exterior and abate fever, draw out toxin and engender flesh.TCM Indications: Common cold with headache, putrefying sore,yellow-water sore. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1541, 10024, 11233,13137.T0558 Aquilegia vulgaris (Ranunculaceae); OU ZHOU LOU DOU CAI;European Columbine. Isolated compounds: 1542, 1543, 1544, 1545,1546, 1547, 1548, 1549, 1550, 1551.T0559 Arachis hypogaea (Fabaceae); LUO HUA SHENG; Peanut. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and nourish stomach, moistenlung and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Stomach reflux, scantbreast milk, beriberi, lung heat dry cough, dry stool. Isolatedcompounds: 1056, 1598, 3040, 3585, 5789, 6489, 6855, 6856, 6858,6859, 6860, 6861, 12714, 12892, 13137, 14350, 14385, 17842, 17866,17867, 17869, 17884, 17886, 18209, 18643, 20369, 20995, 21415,22561.T0560 Arachis hypogaea (Fabaceae); LUO HUA SHENG YOU; Peanut Oil.Used part: seed oil. TCM Effects: To lubricate intestines andprecipitate accumulation. TCM Indications: Ileus due to roundworm,mazischesis, scalds. Isolated compounds: 8045, 10895.T0561 Arachis hypogaea (Fabaceae); LUO HUA SHENG ZHI YE; PeanutBranch-leaf. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, quiet heart and spirit, lower blood pressure. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, sore toxin. Isolated compounds: 16889.T0562 Arachniodes dimorphophylla (Dryopteridaceae); TwoshapeArachniodes. Isolated compounds: 11239, 11240.T0563 Arachniodes exilis (Dryopteridaceae); CI TOU FU YE ER JUE. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, closesores. TCM Indications: Dysentery, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 11239, 11240.T0564 Arachniodes nipponica (Dryopteridaceae); Guizhou Arachniodes.Isolated compounds: 11239, 11240.T0565 Arachniodes simplicior (Dryopteridaceae); CHANG WEI FU YE ERJUE; Simple Arachniodes. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Internal heat and abdominalpain. Isolated compounds: 11239, 11240.T0566 Aragoa cundinamarcensis (Plantaginaceae). Isolated compounds:1602.T0567 Aralia armata (Araliaceae); HU CI CONG MU; Spine Aralia. Usedpart: root, root cortex, branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis,dispel wind, disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Knocksand falls, wind-damp impediment pain, damp-heat jaundice,strangury-turbidity, edema, dysentery, leukorrhea, pain in stomachduct, headache, swelling pain in throat, mammary welling abscess,innominate toxin swelling, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 2973.T0568 Aralia chinensis (Araliaceae); CONG MU; Japanese Aralia. Equivalentplant: Aralia dasyphylla. Used part: bast. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, disinhibit water and harmonize center, quickenblood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Pain in joints due torheumatalgia, aching in lumbus and legs, kidney vacuity and edema,diabetes mellitus, knocks and falls, fracture, pain in stomach duct,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, malaria, lacquer sore,medullitis, deep pus ulcer. Isolated compounds: 1608, 1611, 16050,19540.T0569 Aralia cordata (Araliaceae); TU DANG GUI; Udo. Equivalent plant:Aralia fargesii. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels,harmonize blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain,aching in lumbus and knees, wilting-impediment of limbs, taxationdamage in lumbar muscle, crane’s knee wind, sprain of hands and feet,fracture, head wind, headache, toothache. Isolated compounds: 3241,5930, 9669, 10647, 10648, 12178, 12205, 16050, 17371, 17372,20529.T0570 Aralia dasyphylla (Araliaceae); TOU XU CONG MU; Hairyleaf Aralia.Used part: bast. TCM Effects: See Aralia chinensis. TCM Indications:See Aralia chinensis. Isolated compounds: 9266, 10551.T0571 Aralia decaisneaa (Araliaceae); HUANG MAO CONG MU;Yellowhair Aralia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and free menstruation, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold andheadache, cough, wind-damp impediment pain, aching in lumbus andlegs, damp-heat jaundice, edema, strangury-turbidity, vaginaldischarge, menstrual block, postpartum wind pain, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, pain in stomach duct, swelling pain in throat,gum swelling and pain. Isolated compounds: 1601.T0572 Aralia elata (Araliaceae); LIAO DONG CONG MU; Liaodong Aralia.Used part: root cortex or bark. TCM Effects: To supplement qi andquiet spirit, strengthen essence and enrich kidney, dispel wind andquicken blood, dispel damp and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Neurasthenia, rheumatic arthritis, hepatitis, diabetes mellitus,gastrospasm, constipation, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 1603, 1604, 1605, 1606, 1607, 1608, 1609, 1610, 3976,3977, 3978, 14335, 14629, 16050, 18534, 20383, 20384.T0573 Aralia elata (Araliaceae); LIAO DONG CONG MU YE; LiaodongAralia Leaf*. Used part: tender leaf and gemma. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Damp-heat diarrhea,dysentery, edema. Isolated compounds: 1690, 6641, 9272, 16049,22273.T0574 Aralia fargesii (Araliaceae); LONG YAN DU HUO; Farges Aralia.Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: See Aralia cordata. TCMIndications: See Aralia cordata. Isolated compounds: 663, 7707,19540, 19542, 22195.T0575 Aralia subcapitata (Araliaceae); AN HUI CONG MU; SubcapitateAralia. Isolated compounds: 16402.T0576 Aralia taibaiensis (Araliaceae); TAI BAI CONG MU; Taibaien Aralia.Isolated compounds: 3521, 16052, 20613, 20614, 20615, 20616,20617, 20618, 20619.T0577 Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae); ZHAI YE NAN YANGSHAN; Candelabar Tree. Isolated compounds: 7512, 9546, 12520,15959, 15960, 15961, 17409, 19514, 21938.T0578 Araucaria bidwillii (Araucariaceae); DA YE NAN YANG SHAN;Bunya Bunya. Isolated compounds: 710, 4376.T0579 Araucaria imbricata (Araucariaceae). Isolated compounds: 10996.T0580 Araucaria sp. (Araucariaceae). Isolated compounds: 18864.T0581 Araujia sericifera (Asclepiadaceae). Isolated compounds: 2230, 2232,2269, 17785, 17786, 17787, 17788, 17789, 17790, 17791, 17792,

36917793, 17794, 17795, 17796, 17797, 17798, 17799, 17800, 19189,19190, 21375, 21378.T0582 Archangelica brevicaulis [Syn. Angelicarpa brevicaulis; Angelicabrevicaulis] (Apiaceae); DUA JING GU DANG GUI; ShortstemArchangelica*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, cold pain in lumbus and knees, headache, toothache.Isolated compounds: 17375.T0583 Archangelica decurrens (Apiaceae); XIA YAN GU DANG GUI;Decurrent Archangelica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand disperse macula. TCM Indications: White patch wind. Isolatedcompounds: 17077.T0584 Arctium lappa (Asteraceae); NIU BANG GEN; Great Burdock Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-heat, disperse swellingtoxin. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, headache, cough,wind toxin swollen face, swelling pain in throat, gingiva painfulswelling, wind-damp impediment pain, concretion and conglomeration,welling abscess and boil, hemorrhoids, prolapse of rectum. Isolatedcompounds: 1620, 7419, 7881, 9385, 9521, 11267, 11754, 17090,21606, 21607, 21619, 21619, 21620.T0585 Arctium lappa (Asteraceae); NIU BANG YE; Great Burdock Leaf*.Isolated compounds: 16119.T0586 Arctium lappa (Asteraceae); NIU BANG ZI; Great Burdock Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To course wind and dissipate heat,diffuse lung and outthrust papules, resolve toxin and disinhibit throat.TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, cough with profusephlegm, measles papules, wind papules, swelling pain in throat,epidemic parotitis, erysipelas, swollen welling abscess and sore toxin.Isolated compounds: 1621, 1623, 11236, 12513, 12514, 12515, 12516,12517, 12518, 12519, 15340.T0587 Arctostaphylos pumila (Asteraceae); AI SHENG XIONG GUO; LowBearberry*. Isolated compounds: 5332, 5333.T0588 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Ericaceae); XIONG GUO; Bearberry.Isolated compounds: 1618, 14933.T0589 Arcyria cinerea (Trichiaceae); HUI JIN SE TUAN WANG JUN; GreyArcyria*. Isolated compounds: 1625, 2476, 3690, 3691.T0590 Arcyria denudata (Trichiaceae); AN HONG TUAN WANG JUN;Carnival Candy Slime. Isolated compounds: 2476.T0591 Ardisia arborescens (Myrsinaceae); XIAO QIAO MU ZI JIN NIU;Small-tree Ardisia*. Used part: stem cortex. TCM Effects: To resolveexterior and allay fever, diffuse lung and calm panting, quicken bloodand dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever,asthma and abundant phlegm, menstrual disorder, postpartumpersistent flow of lochia. Isolated compounds: 1110, 1645, 1646, 1647,1648, 1649, 4680, 19983, 20444, 21541.T0592 Ardisia colorata (Myrsinaceae); YOU SE ZI JIN NIU; ColorateArdisia*. Isolated compounds: 911, 912, 1650, 1651, 1652, 2312,2380, 5042, 6767, 8095, 11642, 12018, 15170, 15719, 18317.T0593 Ardisia cornudentata (Myrsinaceae); XIAN CHI ZI JIN NIU;Glandtooth Ardisia*. Isolated compounds: 1628, 4061.T0594 Ardisia crenata (Myrsinaceae); ZHU SHA GEN; Coral Ardisia. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken bloodand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat,wind-damp-heat impediment, jaundice, dysentery, knocks and falls,fire flow, mastitis, testitis. Isolated compounds: 6767, 15719, 18546.T0595 Ardisia crispa (Myrsinaceae); BAI LIANG JIN; Crispateleaf Ardisia.Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitthroat, dispel phlegm and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, cough with inhibitedphlegm, damp-heat jaundice, dribbling pain of urination, wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls, clove sore, innominate toxinswelling, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2312.T0596 Ardisia hortorum (Myrsinaceae); TING YUAN ZI JIN NIU; CurtilageArdisia*. Isolated compounds: 2312.T0597 Ardisia humilis (Myrsinaceae); AI ZI JIN NIU; Low Ardisia*. Isolatedcompounds: 6767.T0598 Ardisia japonica (Myrsinaceae); ZI JIN NIU; Japanese Ardisia. Usedpart: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To suppress cough, dispel phlegm,quicken blood, disinhibit urine, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Chronic trachitis, hepatitis, acute nephritis, chronic nephritis,tuberculosis and hemoptysis, blood ejection, dysentery, hypertension,mounting qi, taxation damage and strength desertion, aching sinewsand bones, toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 1643, 1644, 2169,2312, 6767, 10431, 14221, 15184, 18411.T0599 Ardisia japonica (Myrsinaceae); ZI JIN NIU GEN; Japanese ArdisiaRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-phlegm. TCMIndications: Seasonal diaphragm qi. Isolated compounds: 14879,14880, 14881, 14882.T0600 Ardisia mamillata [Syn. Tinus mamillata] (Myrsinaceae); HU SHEHONG; Teat-shaped Ardisia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and disinhibit damp, clear heat and resolve toxin, quickenblood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, jaundice, dysentery, hacking of blood, blood ejection, bloodystool, menstrual block, postpartum persistent flow of lochia, knocksand falls, mammary welling abscess, clove sore. Isolated compounds:1638, 1639, 1640, 1641, 1642, 4458.T0601 Ardisia pusilla (Myrsinaceae); CHUAN CHAN JIU JIE LONG; TinyArdisia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, jaundice, blood dysentery,dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1626, 1627.T0602 Ardisia quinquegona (Myrsinaceae); LUO SAN SHU; PentagonousArdisia. Used part: stem, leaf or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Swelling pain in throat, swelling of sore welling abscess and boil,knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds:1628.T0603 Ardisia sieboldii DONG YA Zi JIN NIU. Isolated compounds: 1629,1630, 1631, 1632, 1633, 1634.T0604 Ardisia spp. (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 18546.T0605 Ardisia teysmanniana (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 1635, 1636,1637.T0606 Areca catechu (Arecaceae); BING LANG; Betenutpalm. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To expel worms, disperse accumulation,precipitate qi, move water, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Worm

370accumulation, food stagnation, distending pain in stomach duct andabdomen, diarrhea and tenesmus, beriberi, edema, malaria. Isolatedcompounds: 1654, 1655, 1656, 1657, 1658, 3138, 3308, 6544, 9092,9093, 9486, 9595, 12569, 12891, 15203, 15205, 17093, 17869, 17876,17884, 20280, 21045, 21046.T0607 Arenaria juncea (Caryophyllaceae); LAO NIU JIN; Junc-likeSandwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Gypsophila pacifica.TCM Indications: See Gypsophila pacifica. Isolated compounds: 1565,1566, 22823.T0608 Arenaria kansuensis [Syn. Arenaria kumaonensis] (Caryophyllaceae);XUE LING ZHI; Kansu Sandwort. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and relieve cough, disinhibit damp and abatejaundice, relieve pain due to impediment. TCM Indications: Fever dueto external contraction, lung heat cough, jaundice, strangury-turbidity,wind-damp impediment pain, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 1659,1660, 1661, 1662, 9634.T0609 Arenaria kansuensis var. ovatipeatala (Caryophyllaceae); LUAN BANZAO ZHUI; Ovatepetal Sandwort. Isolated compounds: 7768.T0610 Argemone mexicana (Papaveraceae); JI YING SU; MexicanPricklepoppy. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweatand disinhibit water, clear heat and resolve toxin, relieve pain and itch.TCM Indications: Common cold without sweating, jaundice, strangury,edema, eyelid laceration, mounting qi, scab and lai, syphilis. Isolatedcompounds: 112, 930, 1665, 1666, 1667, 2303, 3498, 4290, 16446,17983, 18376, 19284, 21056, 21255.T0611 Argemone platyceras (Papaveraceae); KUO GUO JI YING SU;Platyangle Pricklepoppy*. Isolated compounds: 4459.T0612 Argemone spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T0613 Argyreia mollis (Convolvulaceae); RUAN YIN BEI TENG; SoftArgyreia*. Isolated compounds: 18377.T0614 Argyreia nervosa (Convolvulaceae); YE MAI YIN BEI TENG; VeinedArgyreia. Isolated compounds: 16808.T0615 Argyreia populifolia (Convolvulaceae); YANG YE YIN BEI TENG;Poplar-leaf Argyreia*. Isolated compounds: 7950.T0616 Argyreia speciosa (Convolvulaceae); MEI LI YIN BEI TENG; WoollyMorning Glory. Isolated compounds: 7950.T0617 Arisaema amurense (Araceae); DONG BEI TIAN NAN XING; AmurJackinthepulpit. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: See Arisaemaconsanguineum. TCM Indications: See Arisaema consanguineum.Isolated compounds: 3419, 3420, 19983.T0618 Arisaema consanguineum (Araceae); TIAN NAN XING; ReddishJackinthepulpit. Equivalent plant: Pinellia pedatisecta, Arisaemaheterophyllum, Arisaema amurense. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and check tetany, transform phlegm and dissipate binds.TCM Indications: Wind stroke with congesting phlegm, deviated eyesand mouth, hemiplegia, deadlimb, wind-phlegm dizziness, epilepsy,fright wind, tetanus, spasm, neuralgia, cough with profuse phlegm,swollen welling abscess, scrofula, poisonous snake bite, knocks andfalls, carcinoma of uterine cervix. Isolated compounds: 617, 11697,13504, 19463, 19983.T0619 Arisaema curvatum (Araceae); WAN QU TIAN NAN XING;Curvatura Jackinthepulpit*. Isolated compounds: 3911.T0620 Arisaema heterophyllum (Araceae); YI YE TIAN NAN XING;Diversileaf Jackinthepulpit. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: SeeArisaema consanguineum. TCM Indications: See Arisaemaconsanguineum. Isolated compounds: 11697, 19463, 19983.T0621 Aristolochia arcuata (Aristolochiaceae); GONG XING MA DOULING; Bow-shaped Dutchmanspipe*. Isolated compounds: 2494,5853, 5854, 5855, 5862, 6033, 20651.T0622 Aristolochia chamissonis (Aristolochiaceae); BA XI MA DOU LING;Brazilian Dutchmanspipe*. Isolated compounds: 2, 6988, 9731, 10291,10292.T0623 Aristolochia chilensis (Aristolochiaceae); ZHI LI MA DOU LING;Aristolochia chilensis. Isolated compounds: 17429.T0624 Aristolochia contorta (Aristolochiaceae); BEI MA DOU LING;Northern Dutchmanspipe. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeAristolochia debilis. TCM Indications: See Aristolochia debilis.Isolated compounds: 1713, 1715, 13374, 19983.T0625 Aristolochia contorta (Aristolochiaceae); BEI MA DOU LING GEN;Northern Dutchmanspipe Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeAristolochia debilis. TCM Indications: See Aristolochia debilis.Isolated compounds: 917, 1713, 4680, 13258, 13374, 19983.T0626 Aristolochia debilis [Syn. Aristolochia longa] (Aristolochiaceae); MADOU LING; Slender Dutchmanspipe. Equivalent plant: Aristolochiacontorta, Aristolochia indica, Aristolochia maxima, Aristolochiatriangularis. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear lung anddownbear qi, relieve cough and calm asthma, clear and discharge largeintestines. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough asthma, phlegmcongestion and hasty qi, lung vacuity enduring cough, intestinal heatbleeding from hemorrhoids, swelling pain from hemorrhoids, edema.Isolated compounds: 917, 1691, 1703, 1713, 9799, 13374.T0627 Aristolochia debilis [Syn. Aristolochia longa] (Aristolochiaceae);QING MU XIANG; Slender Dutchmanspipe Root. Equivalent plant:Aristolochia contorta. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To lower bloodpressure, calm liver and relieve pain, resolve toxin and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Hypertension, gastrospasm, stomachache,infections, chronic bone marrow infection, chronic bronchitis,infection of skin, dizziness and headache, distending pain in chest andabdomen, swollen welling abscess and clove sores, snake or insectbites. Isolated compounds: 917, 1618, 1713, 1714, 4814, 13374, 13843,16360, 21206.T0628 Aristolochia fangchi (Aristolochiaceae); GUANG FANG JI; Fangchi.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relieve pain, clearheat and disinhibit water. TCM Indications: Damp-heat generalizedpain, wind-damp impediment pain, edema in lower limb, inhibitedurination. Isolated compounds: 917, 1698, 1713, 13374, 19983.T0629 Aristolochia heterophylla (Aristolochiaceae); HAN FANG JI;Yellowmouth Dutchmanspipe. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve pain, clear heat and disinhibit water. TCMIndications: Rheumatic pain in joints, damp-heat pain in limbs, edema,inhibited urination, beriberi with edema. Isolated compounds: 1713,1729, 9799, 13374, 21206.T0630 Aristolochia indica (Aristolochiaceae); YIN DU MA DOU LING;Indian Dutchmanspipe*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeAristolochia debilis. TCM Indications: See Aristolochia debilis.Isolated compounds: 1710, 1713, 12604.

371T0631 Aristolochia kaempferi (Aristolochiaceae); ZHU SHA LIAN;Kaempfer Dutchmanspipe. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: To move qiand relieve pain, clear heat and resolve toxin, lower blood pressure.TCM Indications: Qi stagnation and distention in stomach duct,stomachache, abdominal pain, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia,summerheat-damp diarrhea, swelling of welling abscess and boil,poisonous snake bite, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 1713, 3747,4459.T0632 Aristolochia manshuriensis (Aristolochiaceae); GUAN MU TONG;Manchurian Dutchmanspipe. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To clearheart fire, disinhibit urine, free menstruation and milk. TCMIndications: Mouth sore, tongue sores, vexation and reddish urine,edema, heat strangury with inhibited pain, leukorrhea, amenorrhea andscant milk, damp-heat impediment pain. Isolated compounds: 1691,1692, 1698, 1699, 1708, 1713, 1716, 1717, 1718, 1720, 1725, 1728,3340, 4135, 4189, 4957, 5062, 7768, 7777, 7788, 9260, 9818, 11253,13374, 13512, 13842, 14804, 16050, 19983, 19987, 20369, 22332.T0633 Aristolochia maxima (Aristolochiaceae); DA MA DOU LING;Maxima Dutchmanspipe*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeAristolochia debilis. TCM Indications: See Aristolochia debilis.Isolated compounds: 12749.T0634 Aristolochia mollissima (Aristolochiaceae); MIAN MAO MA DOULING; Wooly Dutchmanspipe. Used part: rhizome or whole herb.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood andfree network vessels, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, numbness in limbs, hypertonicity of sinews andbones, pain in stomach duct and abdomen, painful wound from knocksand falls, bleeding due to external injury, mammary welling abscess,suppurative infection. Isolated compounds: 917, 1692, 1693, 1694,1697, 1698, 1700, 1711, 1712, 1713, 1716, 1719, 1726, 1727, 1729,2550, 3408, 3723, 4188, 6466, 7163, 7394, 7395, 11253, 11669, 13339,13340, 13341, 13342, 13343, 13344, 13345, 13346, 13347, 13348,13512, 13842, 13844, 14898, 19981, 19983, 20369, 22422, 22423.T0635 Aristolochia moupinensis (Aristolochiaceae); HUAI TONG; MoupinDutchmanspipe. Used part: stem or root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand eliminate damp, dispel wind and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Abdominal pain and diarrhea, damp-heat edema, inhibited voidings ofreddish urine, hematuria, wind-damp-heat impediment, swollenwelling abscess and malign sore, eczema, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 1713, 7788, 13374, 19983.T0636 Aristolochia pubescens (Aristolochiaceae); DUAN ROU MAO MADOU LING; Shortfluff Dutchmanspipe*. Isolated compounds: 1721,1722, 5596, 5597.T0637 Aristolochia ridicula (Aristolochiaceae). Isolated compounds: 18844,18845, 18846, 21162, 21163, 21164, 21165, 21166, 21167, 21853.T0638 Aristolochia sipho (Aristolochiaceae); OU ZHOU MA DOU LING;Dutchmanspipe. Isolated compounds: 13374.T0639 Aristolochia sp. (Aristolochiaceae). Isolated compounds: 1709, 1730.T0640 Aristolochia triangularis (Aristolochiaceae); SAN JIAO MA DOULING; Triangular Dutchmanspipe*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeAristolochia debilis. TCM Indications: See Aristolochia debilis.Isolated compounds: 4306, 8085, 12170.T0641 Aristolochia tuberosa (Aristolochiaceae); KUAI JING MA DOU LING;Tuberous Dutchmanspipe. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, rectify qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Damp-heat dysentery, diarrhea, pain in stomach duct and abdomen,swelling pain in throat, tuberculosis, poisonous snake bite, swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 1693, 1713, 14370, 22083.T0642 Aristolochia tubiflora (Aristolochiaceae); GUAN HUA MA DOULING; Tubeflower Dutchmanspipe. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, move qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Swelling of sores and boils, poisonous snake bite, pain instomach duct, enteritis and dysentery, diarrhea, pain in joints due torheumatalgia, dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:1724.T0643 Aristolochia versicolar (Aristolochiaceae); BIAN SE MA DOU LING;Versicolorous Dutchmanspipe. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Enteritis and diarrhea, bacillary dysentery, swelling painin throat, parotitis, scrofula, mammary welling abscess, eczema.Isolated compounds: 22422, 22423, 22424, 22425.Armillaria matsutake = Tricholoma matsutakeT0644 Armillaria mellea (Tricholomataceae); MI HUAN JUN; ArmillaryMushroom*. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To calm liver andextinguish wind, dispel wind and free network vessels, strengthensinews and bones. TCM Indications: Dizzy head, headache, sleepless,numbness in limbs, pain in lumbus and legs, coronary heart disease,hypertension, vascular headache, dizziness syndrome, epilepsy.Isolated compounds: 1739, 1740, 1741.T0645 Armillariella mellea (Tricholomataceae); ZHEN MO; MelleaArmillaria Sporocarp. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To calmliver and extinguish wind, dispel wind and quicken network vessels,strengthen sinews and bones. TCM Indications: Dizziness, headache,insomnia, numbness in limbs, pain in lumbus and legs, epilepsy.Isolated compounds: 1039, 7250, 7334.T0646 Armillariella tabescens (Tricholomataceae); LIANG JUN;Armillariella Tabescens. Used part: mycelium. TCM Effects: Toeliminate inflammation. TCM Indications: Cholecystitis, hepatitis,appendicitis, otitis media. Isolated compounds: 1742, 1743.T0647 Armoracia lapathifolia (Brassicaceae); LA GEN; Horseradish. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To disperse food and harmonize center,disinhibit gallbladder, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Indigestion,inhibited urination, cholecystitis, arthritis. Isolated compounds: 8591,8598, 8760, 9614, 19935.T0648 Arnebia euchroma (Boraginaceae); XIN ZANG JIA ZI CAO;Sinkiang-Tibet Arnebia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeLithospermum erythrorhizon. TCM Indications: See Lithospermumerythrorhizon. Isolated compounds: 244, 309, 514, 909, 1233, 1234,1259, 1744, 1746, 1747, 5214, 5258, 6178, 6302, 6303, 6495, 10266,11300, 14120, 15850, 15851, 15852, 15853, 15854, 17747, 19819,19822, 19823, 20032, 20036, 20968.T0649 Arnebia guttata (Boraginaceae); JIA ZI CAO; Common Arnebia. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: See Lithospermum erythrorhizon. TCMIndications: See Lithospermum erythrorhizon. Isolated compounds:309, 514, 5214, 6303, 10266, 19819, 20968.T0650 Arnebia nobilis (Boraginaceae); GAO GUI JIA ZI CAO; Noble

372Arnebia*. Isolated compounds: 909, 910, 1745.Arnica japonica = Ligularia japonicaT0651 Arnica montana (Asteraceae); SHAN JIN CHE; Mountain Tobacco.Isolated compounds: 1748.T0652 Arnica spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 10792.T0653 Artabotrys hexapetalus [Syn. Annona hexapetalus] (Annonaceae);YING ZHAO; Sixpetal Tailgrape. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tointerrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Malaria. Isolated compounds:1775, 1776, 1777, 1778, 12917.T0654 Artabotrys maingayi (Annonaceae); MAN GE YING ZHAO; MaingeTailgrape*. Isolated compounds: 15797.T0655 Artabotrys odoratissimus (Annonaceae); JI XIANG YING ZHAO;Extreme-fragrant Tailgrape*. Isolated compounds: 15797.T0656 Artabotrys suaveolens (Annonaceae); XIANG YING ZHAO; FragrantTailgrape*. Isolated compounds: 11344.T0657 Artabotrys uncinatus (Annonaceae); YOU GOU YING ZHAO;Uncinate Tailgrape*. Isolated compounds: 473, 1348, 1771, 1772,1773, 1774, 1780, 1857, 1961, 3746, 5076, 7815, 11344, 11593, 12917,14535, 14608, 14626, 14827, 15763, 15797, 18655, 19200, 20243,20317, 20322, 22214.T0658 Artabotrys venustus (Annonaceae); XIU LI YING ZHAO; VenusTailgrape*. Isolated compounds: 15797.T0659 Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae); ZHONG YA KU HAO; CommonWormwood. Used part: leaf and stem with flower. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and dry damp, expel roundworm, fortify stomach. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in joints, eczema titillation, sore toxin ofsore and boil, ascariasis, inappetence. Isolated compounds: 37, 1779,3464, 12920, 19777, 19783, 21350.T0660 Artemisia annua (Asteraceae); HUANG HUA HAO; SweetWormwood. Equivalent plant: Artemisia apiacea. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve summerheat, eliminatesteam, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Summerheat-heat,summerheat-damp, damp warmth, yin vacuity fever, malaria, jaundice.Isolated compounds: 336, 872, 1334, 1341, 1345, 1653, 1782, 1783,1784, 1785, 1786, 1786, 1792, 1794, 1795, 1797, 1799, 1800, 1801,1935, 2044, 2273, 2295, 2560, 2570, 2850, 2851, 2852, 2853, 3045,3048, 3195, 3234, 3235, 3241, 3242, 3300, 3300, 3602, 3624, 3674,3689, 3741, 3743, 3745, 4029, 4140, 4354, 4878, 5587, 5606, 5755,5787, 6146, 6151, 6236, 6741, 6742, 6891, 7055, 7069, 7108, 7109,7504, 7583, 7588, 7730, 7735, 7751, 7951, 9726, 10017, 10091,10108, 10109, 10261, 10262, 10750, 11226, 11259, 11260, 11261,11428, 11642, 11648, 12020, 12843, 12849, 12850, 13137, 13284,13982, 14147, 15146, 15665, 15705, 15709, 15710, 15758, 16297,16298, 16452, 16453, 16725, 16727, 16801, 16851, 17254, 17376,17377, 17719, 18060, 18288, 18308, 18317, 18376, 18679, 18682,19087, 19187, 19314, 19540, 19542, 19545, 19983, 20369, 20657,20989, 20990, 20995, 20999, 21096, 21097, 21349, 21598.T0661 Artemisia anomala (Asteraceae); LIU JI NU; Diverse Worm-wood.Used part: Whole herb with flower. TCM Effects: To break stasis andfree menstruation, stanch bleeding and disperse swelling, dispersefood and transform accumulation. TCM Indications: Menstrual block,dysmenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnation abdominal pain, persistentflow of lochia, concretion and conglomeration, knocks and falls,incised wound and bleeding, wind-damp impediment pain,hematochezia, hematuria, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,scalds, food accumulation abdominal pain, diarrhea and dysentery.Isolated compounds: 1126, 1345, 1781, 1787, 1788, 19211, 19635,19901.T0662 Artemisia apiacea [Syn. Artemisia carvifolia; Artemisia caruifolia](Asteraceae); QING HAO; Celery Wormwood. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: See Artemisia annua. TCM Indications: See Artemisiaannua. Isolated compounds: 1792, 3227, 3228, 3229, 3230, 3241,3242, 4029, 4648, 5378, 9486, 10229, 10230, 10317, 10539, 14205,19777, 19783, 20556, 21350.T0663 Artemisia arbuscula (Asteraceae); BEI MEI AI HAO; Low Sagebrush.Isolated compounds: 1617.T0664 Artemisia argyi (Asteraceae); AI YE; Argy Wormwood Leaf.Equivalent plant: Artemisia mongolica, Artemisia princeps, Artemisialavandulaefolia, Artemisia rubripes, Artemisia vulgaris. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and relieve pain, warmmenstruation and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Cold pain inabdomen, menstrual disorder due to cold, infertility due to uterus cold,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, flooding and spotting,fetal spotting, itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 1110, 1111, 2850, 3235,3242, 4471, 4946, 6162, 7759, 9390, 9500, 9564, 10751, 11083, 11084,11085, 11603, 12448, 13718, 13822, 13900, 14354, 15002, 15003,15515, 16288, 16289, 17126, 17453, 17938, 18304, 18843, 20369,20992, 20995, 21047, 21350, 21709, 21856, 21946, 22510, 22922.T0665 Artemisia ashurbajevii (Asteraceae); A SHI HAO; AshurbajevWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 8982.T0666 Artemisia assoana (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 20559.T0667 Artemisia brevifolia (Asteraceae); DUAN YE JUAN HAO; ShortleafWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 22778.T0668 Artemisia campestris (Asteraceae); TIAN YE HAO; CampestralMugwort. Isolated compounds: 9604, 19174.T0669 Artemisia cana (Asteraceae); QING AI; Graywhite Wormwood*.Isolated compounds: 18843.T0670 Artemisia cana ssp. viscidula (Asteraceae); NIAN HAO; ViscidWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 1796, 3591, 11615, 22533.T0671 Artemisia canariensis (Asteraceae); JIA NA LI HAO; Canary IslandWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 217, 5891, 17375.T0672 Artemisia capillaris (Asteraceae); YIN CHEN HAO; CapillaryWormwood. Equivalent plant: Artemisia scoparia. Used part: aerialparts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, abate jaundice.TCM Indications: Hepatitis, jaundice, infective cholecystitis,hyperlipemia, inhibited urination, damp sore, itchy skin. Isolatedcompounds: 336, 1653, 1807, 1808, 2306, 2843, 2850, 2887, 3116,3117, 3118, 3119, 3120, 3121, 3122, 3130, 3138, 3139, 3237, 3242,3741, 3745, 4232, 4233, 4234, 4550, 4914, 4915, 5043, 5049, 6741,7472, 7473, 7521, 7523, 7577, 7588, 8011, 8289, 8313, 9669, 10482,10887, 11235, 11648, 11659, 12843, 12891, 13870, 14212, 14213,15146, 15203, 15354, 15687, 15724, 16066, 17089, 17123, 17376,17377, 18317, 18682, 19540, 19542, 19983, 20280, 20988, 20995,21350, 21355, 22336.T0673 Artemisia caruthii (Asteraceae); KA SI HAO; Caruth Wormwood*.Isolated compounds: 13605.

373Artemisia cina = Seriphidium cinumT0674 Artemisia compacta (Asteraceae); MI HAO; Compact Wormwood*.Isolated compounds: 19314.T0675 Artemisia douglasiana (Asteraceae); DAO SHI HAO; DouglasWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 1789.T0676 Artemisia dracunculus (Asteraceae); XIA YE QING HAO; Tarragon.Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, diffuse lung and suppress cough. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, cough and asthma. Isolated compounds:13883, 15445, 15446, 15724.Artemisia finita = Seriphidium finitumT0677 Artemisia glabella (Asteraceae); WU MAO HAO; GlabrousWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 1675.T0678 Artemisia japonica (Asteraceae); MU HAO; Japanese Wormwood.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, cool blood, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Summer common cold, tuberculosis tidalfever, hemoptysis, child gan fever, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, flooding and spotting, vaginal discharge, icterohepatitis,erysipelas, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1793, 2570,2853, 3241, 3242, 4029, 7735, 21350.T0679 Artemisia klotzschiana (Asteraceae); KE SHI HAO; KlotzschWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 7521.T0680 Artemisia lactiflora (Asteraceae); YA JIAO AI; Ghostplant Wormwood.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipatestasis, rectify qi and transform damp. TCM Indications: Dysmenorrhea,amenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnation abdominal pain, chronichepatitis, liver spleen enlargement, food accumulation abdominaldistention, cold-damp diarrhea, mounting qi, beriberi, knocks and falls,burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 9452, 12437, 12438.T0681 Artemisia lavandulaefolia (Asteraceae); YE AI HAO; LavenderleafWormwood. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Artemisia argyi. TCMIndications: See Artemisia argyi. Isolated compounds: 17453.T0682 Artemisia ludoviciana (Asteraceae); LU DE WEI HAO; Western Sage.Isolated compounds: 13072, 20730.T0683 Artemisia maritima (Asteraceae); BIN HAO; Santonica. Isolatedcompounds: 1798, 7481, 11689, 19313.T0684 Artemisia mexicana var. angustifolia (Asteraceae); MO XI GE HAO;Mexico Wormwood*. Isolated compounds: 13072, 22103.T0685 Artemisia mongolica (Asteraceae); MENG GU HAO; MongolianWormwood. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Artemisia argyi. TCMIndications: See Artemisia argyi. Isolated compounds: 14173, 14357,17090, 17453, 21943.T0686 Artemisia monosperma (Asteraceae); DAN ZI HAO; MonoseedWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 4913, 5801, 6023, 21703.T0687 Artemisia myriantha (Asteraceae); YI KUA; Manyflower Wormwood.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clean heat, dispel summerheat,cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Summer commoncold, summerheat stroke with fever, steaming bone tidal fever, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding. Isolated compounds: 124,1675, 1803, 1804, 1805, 1806, 4749, 4941, 7066, 9037, 9796, 20677.T0688 Artemisia porrecta (Asteraceae); SHEN HAO; Porrect Wormwood*.Isolated compounds: 1186.T0689 Artemisia princeps (Asteraceae); KUI HAO; First Wormwood. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: See Artemisia argyi. TCM Indications: SeeArtemisia argyi. Isolated compounds: 14386, 17453.T0690 Artemisia roxbugiana (Asteraceae); HUI BAO HAO; RoxburghWormwood. Isolated compounds: 1110, 1111, 1112, 6575, 7951,14944, 15935.T0691 Artemisia rubripes (Asteraceae); HONG ZU HAO; RedfootWormwood. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Artemisia argyi. TCMIndications: See Artemisia argyi. Isolated compounds: 2170, 7582,22038.T0692 Artemisia rupestris [Syn. Artemisia dentata; Artemisia viridis;Artemisia viridifolia] (Asteraceae); XIN JIANG YI ZHI HAO; RockWormwood. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andresolve exterior, disperse accumulation and fortify stomach, quickenblood and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold,food accumulation and qi stagnation, distending pain in stomach ductand abdomen, stasis swelling from knocks and falls, wind papules,snake bite. Isolated compounds: 549, 11687, 19068.T0693 Artemisia sativum (Asteraceae); YUN XIANG YE HAO; RueleafWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 3048.T0694 Artemisia schrenkiana (Asteraceae); XUE LING HAO; SchrenkWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 19314.T0695 Artemisia scoparia [Syn. Artemisia capillaris var. scoparia](Asteraceae); HUANG HAO; Virgate Wormwood. Used part: aerialparts. TCM Effects: See Artemisia capillaris. TCM Indications: SeeArtemisia capillaris. Isolated compounds: 764, 1520, 1792, 2056,2787, 3117, 3120, 3121, 3122, 3237, 3243, 3300, 3551, 3589, 3688,3745, 4390, 4550, 5065, 6776, 7521, 8011, 8313, 9749, 11421, 11702,14146, 15146, 16285, 16587, 17376, 17377, 18393, 18682, 19087,19187, 19540, 19542, 20137, 21350.T0696 Artemisia sieversiana (Asteraceae); BAI HAO; Sievers Wormwood.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, jaundice, heat dysentery, scab and lai. Isolatedcompounds: 37, 1779, 19881, 19882.T0697 Artemisia sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 2044, 3076, 3635,5236, 5414, 15279, 19308, 19313, 19545.T0698 Artemisia spp. (compositae). Isolated compounds: 17719, 22195.T0699 Artemisia sublessingiana (Asteraceae); YA LIE XING HAO;Sublessing Wormwood*. Isolated compounds: 19314.T0700 Artemisia sylvatica (Asteraceae); LIN DI HAO; Woodland Wormwood.Isolated compounds: 1790, 1791, 1802, 4746, 7195, 7196, 7197,14097, 15002.T0701 Artemisia taurica (Asteraceae); NIU HAO; Taurine Wormwood*.Isolated compounds: 20730.T0702 Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae); SAN CHI HAO; Big Sagebrush.Isolated compounds: 1617, 18843.T0703 Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana (Asteraceae); WA SI YA NA SANCHI HAO; Vaseyana Big Sagebrush*. Isolated compounds: 11615.T0704 Artemisia tripartita (Asteraceae); SAN LIE HAO; TripartiteWormwood*. Isolated compounds: 18843.T0705 Artemisia vestita (Asteraceae); MAO LIAN HAO; Hairy Wormwood.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin,eliminate steam. TCM Indications: Scourge epidemic with fever,

374steaming bone taxation fever. Isolated compounds: 1110, 4680, 7556,7951, 9455, 10017, 16758, 20713, 20731, 21095, 22923.T0706 Artemisia vulgaris (Asteraceae); BEI AI; Mugwort. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: See Artemisia argyi. TCM Indications: See Artemisiaargyi. Isolated compounds: 2047, 11261, 11742, 14013, 15688, 16331,20730, 21350, 21596, 22620.T0707 Arthraxon hispidus (Poaceae); JIN CAO; Hispid Arthraxon. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and asthma, kill worms.TCM Indications: Enduring cough and asthma, hepatitis,pharyngolaryngitis, nasitis, lymphrnoditis, mastitis, sores scab andlichen. Isolated compounds: 552, 553, 1371.T0708 Arthromeris mairei [Syn. Polypodium mairei] (Polypodiaceae); FENGWEI PA SHAN HU; Mary Arthromeris. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and quicken network vessels, disperseaccumulation and free stool, downbear fire, relieve pain, disinhibiturine. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain in sinew and bone, sciatica,fracture, food accumulation abdominal distention, constipation, redeyes, toothache, headache, inhibited urination, strangury-turbidity.Isolated compounds: 15068.Arthrophytum scoparium = Hammada scopariaT0709 Artocarpus altilis (Moraceae); FEI HOU MIAN BAO GUO; FleshyArtocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 4517.T0710 Artocarpus champeden (Moraceae); YIN NI MIAN BAO GUO;Cempedak. Isolated compounds: 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818.T0711 Artocarpus dadah (Moraceae); DA DA HE MIAN BAO GUO;Dadah Artocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 1387, 1412, 1417, 1421,1442, 1443, 1444, 1765, 4337, 5679, 14962, 15714, 18643, 20326.T0712 Artocarpus fretessi (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 1819, 1820, 1821,14995, 15038.T0713 Artocarpus heterophyllus (Moraceae); BO LUO MI; DiversileafArtocarpus. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To engender liquid andeliminate vexation, resolve liquor and arouse spleen. Isolatedcompounds: 1345, 1821, 4495, 15714.T0714 Artocarpus incisa [Syn. Artocarpus communis] (Moraceae); MIANBAO GUO; Common Artocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 1810, 1811,1812, 1813, 1814, 4517, 8330.T0715 Artocarpus integra (Moraceae); QUAN YUAN GUI MU; IntegerleafArtocarpus. Isolated compounds: 13918, 14183, 17841.T0716 Artocarpus integrifolia (Moraceae); QUAN YUAN YE BO LUO MI;Integrifolious Artocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 14971.T0717 Artocarpus lakoocha (Moraceae); LA KOU SHA MIAN BAO GUO;Lakoocha Artocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 4337, 12453, 12454.T0718 Artocarpus nobilis (Moraceae); GAO GUI BO LUO MI; NobleArtocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 8330, 21119, 21737, 21745, 21749.Arum cucullatum = Alocasia cucullataT0719 Arum italicum (Araceae); YI DA LI JIASNG NAN XING; ItalianArum. Isolated compounds: 12525.T0720 Arum sp. (Araceae). Isolated compounds: 19459.T0721 Arundina chinensis (Orchidaceae); ZHU YE LAN; Chinese Arundina.Used part: whole herb and rooty stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dispel wind and disinhibit damp, dissipate stasis andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Jaundice, heat strangury, edema,beriberi, mounting qi, wind-damp impediment pain, poisonous snakebite, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 3040, 20369.T0722 Arundo donax (Poaceae); LU ZHU GEN; Giantreed Rhizome. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drain fire, engenderliquid and eliminate vexation, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, vacuity taxation withsteaming bone, blood ejection, heat strangury, inhibited urination,wind-fire toothache. Isolated compounds: 1111, 1112, 2472, 2725,2726, 3040, 6418, 6419, 6736, 8971, 8972, 8973, 14038, 20369.T0723 Asarum canadense (Aristolochiaceae); JIA NA DA XI XIN; CanadianSnakeroot. Isolated compounds: 1713, 3455, 3456.T0724 Asarum caulescens (Aristolochiaceae); SHUANG YE XI XIN;Caulescent Wildginger. Equivalent plant: Asarum fukienense. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold,relieve pain, warm lung and transform rheum. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, headache, toothache, wind-dampimpediment pain, phlegm-rheum cough asthma. Isolated compounds:1469, 1832, 2550, 6745, 7495, 9862, 19684.T0725 Asarum europaeum (Aristolochiaceae); OU XI XIN; Asarabacca.Isolated compounds: 1835, 1840, 14531, 19912.T0726 Asarum forbesii (Aristolochiaceae); DU HENG; Forbes Wildginger.Used part: rhizome and root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and dissipate cold, disperse phlegm and move water, quickenblood and relieve pain, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, phlegm-rheum cough asthma, edema, wind-cold-dampimpediment, knocks and falls, headache, toothache, stomachache, sandqi abdominal pain, scrofula, toxin swelling, snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 1832, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1839, 6745, 7521, 12115, 12891,19121.T0727 Asarum fukienense (Aristolochiaceae); FU JIAN XI XIN; FukienWildginger. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Asarumcaulescens. TCM Indications: See Asarum caulescens. Isolatedcompounds: 17116.T0728 Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum (Aristolochiaceae); LIAOXI XIN; Manchurian Wildginger. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:See Asarum sieboldii. TCM Indications: See Asarum sieboldii.Isolated compounds: 336, 1713, 1832, 1833, 3045, 3689, 4276, 4550,6294, 6745, 7385, 7483, 7523, 12115, 12843, 15146, 15204, 16830,17376, 19099, 19121, 19777, 20990, 20995, 20998.T0729 Asarum maximum (Aristolochiaceae); DA HUA XI XIN; LargeflowerWildginger. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and dissipate cold, relieve cough and dispel phlegm, quickenblood and resolve toxin, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, headache, cough and asthma, wind-damp pain, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 1832.T0730 Asarum sagittarioides (Aristolochiaceae); SHAN CI GU;Arrowhead-like Wildginger. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and dissipate cold, resolve toxin and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Common cold, stomachache, toothache, knocks and falls,snake bite. Isolated compounds: 3911, 7702.T0731 Asarum sieboldii (Aristolochiaceae); XI XIN; Siebold Wildginger.Equivalent plant: Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, Asarumsieboldii var. seoulensis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To

375dispel wind and dissipate cold, free orifices and relieve pain, warmlung and transform rheum. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold,influenza, headache, toothache, local anesthesia, nasal congestion,deep-source nasal congestion, wind-damp impediment pain,phlegm-rheum cough asthma. Isolated compounds: 336, 1713, 1832,1833, 1834, 3045, 3196, 3231, 3689, 4276, 4550, 6294, 6745, 7385,7521, 7523, 8340, 11626, 12843, 14810, 15146, 15204, 15252, 16830,17376, 19099, 19121, 19777, 20992, 20995, 20998, 21919, 21935.T0732 Asarum sieboldii var. seoulensis (Aristolochiaceae); HAN CHENG XIXIN; Seoul Siebold Wildginger. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:See Asarum sieboldii. TCM Indications: See Asarum sieboldii.Isolated compounds: 1713, 19777.T0733 Asarum spp. (Aristolochiaceae). Isolated compounds: 1834.T0734 Asarum taitoense (Aristolochiaceae); TAI DONG XI XIN; TaitonWildginger. Isolated compounds: 1841.T0735 Asclepias albicans (Asclepiadaceae); BIAN BAI MA LI JIN; WhiteMilkweed. Isolated compounds: 22301.T0736 Asclepias curassavica (Asclepiadaceae); LIAN SHENG GUI ZI HUA;Bloodflower Milkweed. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, quicken blood and stanch bleeding, disperseswelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat,lung heat cough, heat strangury, amenorrhea, flooding and spotting,vaginal discharge, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, eczema,intractable lichen, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:1844, 2937, 2996, 4077, 4092, 22301.T0737 Asclepias eriocarpa (Asclepiadaceae); MAO GUO MA LI JIN;Hairyfruit Milkweed*. Isolated compounds: 7272, 12421, 12422.T0738 Asclepias incarnata (Asclepiadaceae); ROU HONG MA LI JIN;Incarnate Milkweed*. Isolated compounds: 448, 449, 450, 451, 452,453, 4796, 4797, 10248, 10249, 10327, 10328, 10329, 10330, 10331,10332, 10333, 10965, 10966, 11497, 11498, 11499, 11500, 11501,11502, 12880, 12881, 12882, 12883, 12884, 12885, 13813, 13814,13815, 13816, 13817, 13818, 15531, 15532, 15533, 18937.T0739 Asclepias speciosa (Asclepiadaceae); MEI LI MA LI JIN; BeautifulMilkweed*. Isolated compounds: 1887.T0740 Asclepias syriaca (Asclepiadaceae); XU LI YA MA LI JIN; Milkweed.Isolated compounds: 1887, 15527, 22305.T0741 Asclepias tuberosa (Asclepiadaceae); KUAI JING MA LI JIN;Tuberous Milkweed. Isolated compounds: 7951.T0742 Ascochyta sonchi . Isolated compounds: 1846.T0743 Asimina parviflora (Annonaceae); XIAO HUA PAO PAO;Smallflower Pawpaw. Isolated compounds: 16676, 16677.T0744 Asimina triloba (Annonaceae); PAO PAO SHU; Pawpaw. Isolatedcompounds: 1858, 1859, 16677.T0745 Asparagus adscendents (Liliaceae); SHANG JU TIAN MEN DONG;Ascendent Asparagus*. Isolated compounds: 1868, 1869, 1878, 1879,1880, 1881, 1883, 1884.T0746 Asparagus cochinchinensis [Syn. Asparagus lucidus] (Liliaceae);TIAN MEN DONG; Cochinchinese Asparagus. Used part: tuberoid.TCM Effects: To enrich yin and moisten dryness, clear lung anddownbear fire. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity fever, cough with bloodejection, lung wilting, pulmonary welling abscess, swelling pain inthroat, diabetes mellitus, constipation. Isolated compounds: 1863,1864, 1865, 1866, 1885, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 3982, 6090, 9546,10396, 13845, 14023, 14045, 18056, 18711, 19390.T0747 Asparagus curillus (Liliaceae); WAN QU TIAN MEN DONG; curillusAsparagus*. Isolated compounds: 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875,1876, 1877, 1882, 9086, 9087, 19391.T0748 Asparagus dumosus (Liliaceae); GUAN MU TIAN MEN DONG;Shrubby Asparagus*. Isolated compounds: 6636.T0749 Asparagus filicinus (Liliaceae); TU BAI BU; Fernlike Asparagus.Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To moisten lung and relieve cough,kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity lung dryness,tuberculosis with cough, cough with inhibited phlegm, phlegmcontaining blood, scab and lichen with itching. Isolated compounds:1860, 1861, 1862.T0750 Asparagus gobicus (Liliaceae); GE BI TIAN MEN; DesertlivingAsparagus*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, killworms, relieve itch, disperse welling abscess and dissipate binds.TCM Indications: Neurodermatitis , psoriasis, body lichen, swollenwelling abscess of sore and boil. Isolated compounds: 1860, 8631,8632, 8656, 8903, 8904, 9546, 11201, 14044, 14052, 19755, 19997,22821, 22828.T0751 Asparagus officinalis (Liliaceae); SHI DIAO BAI; Curinary Asparagus.Used part: tender stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitdamp, quicken blood and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Hepatitis,psoriasis, hyperlipemia, hyperplasia of mammary glands. Isolatedcompounds: 1396, 1422, 1423, 1830, 1831, 1860, 1861, 7768, 14698,14931.T0752 Asparagus officinalis (Liliaceae); XIAO BAI BU; Officinal Asparagus.Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To warm lung, suppress cough, killworms. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, pertussis,tuberculosis, senile cough and asthma, scab and lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 1673, 1862, 1866, 1867, 3142, 3501, 4140, 8785.T0753 Asparagus setaceus [Syn. Asparagus plumosus] (Liliaceae); WENZHU; Setose Asparagus. Used part: tuberoid or whole herb. TCMEffects: To cool blood and resolve toxin, disinhibit urine and freestrangury. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity lung dryness, cough,hemoptysis, dribbling urination. Isolated compounds: 9253, 22880.T0754 Asparagus sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 3981, 22336.T0755 Aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillaceae); YAN QU MEI. Isolatedcompounds: 5047.T0756 Aspergillus terreus (Aspergillaceae). Isolated compounds: 18297.T0757 Asperula odorata (Rubiaceae); XIANG CHE YE CAO; SweetWoodruff. Isolated compounds: 899, 901, 1892, 13041, 18222.T0758 Asphodelus spp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 3615.T0759 Aspidistra elatior (Liliaceae); ZHI ZHU BAO DAN; CommonAspidistra. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andrelieve pain, clear lung and relieve cough, disinhibit urine and freestrangury. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, wind-damp impedimentpain, lumbago, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, lung heat cough, sandstrangury, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: 1898, 1899, 1902.T0760 Aspidosperma album (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 1900.T0761 Aspidosperma campus-belus (Apocynaceae); BAI JIAN MU;Campus-belu Aspidosperma. Isolated compounds: 16085.T0762 Aspidosperma cuspa (Apocynaceae); JIAN BAI JIAN MU; Cuspate.

376Isolated compounds: 1901.T0763 Aspidosperma dasycarpon (Apocynaceae); CU MAO GUO BAI JIANMU; Hirsutefruit White Quebracho*. Isolated compounds: 1901,20578.T0764 Aspidosperma formasanum (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 1900.T0765 Aspidosperma marcgravianum (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds:1900, 11718.T0766 Aspidosperma meglacarpon (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds:1900.T0767 Aspidosperma multiflorum (Apocynaceae); DUO HUA BAI JIAN MU;Multiflower White Quebracho*. Isolated compounds: 12268.T0768 Aspidosperma neblinae (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 1900.T0769 Aspidosperma nigricans (Apocynaceae); HEI BAI JIAN MU; BlackWhite Quebracho*. Isolated compounds: 16085.T0770 Aspidosperma olivaceum (Apocynaceae); HE LU BAI JIAN MU;Olive-green White Quebracho*. Isolated compounds: 16085.T0771 Aspidosperma populifolium (Apocynaceae); SI YANG SHU YE BAIJIAN MU; Poplar-leaf-like White Quebracho*. Isolated compounds:12268, 22369.T0772 Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco (Apocynaceae); PU TONG BAIJIAN MU; Common White Quebracho. Isolated compounds: 1903,1904.T0773 Aspidosperma refractum (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 22369.T0774 Aspidosperma rhombeosignatum (Apocynaceae); LENG ZHUANGBAI JIAN MU; Rhombicsign White Quebracho*. Isolated compounds:1904.T0775 Aspidosperma subincanum (Apocynaceae); WEI BAI BAI JIAN MU;Microwhite White Quebracho*. Isolated compounds: 6759.T0776 Asplenium prolongatum (Aspleniaceae); CHANG SHENG TIE JIAOJUE; Prolongated Spleenwort. Used part: whole herb or leaf. TCMEffects: To clear heat and remove damp, transform stasis and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Cough and abundant phlegm, wind-dampimpediment pain, enteritis and dysentery, urinary tract infection,mastitis, blood ejection, bleeding due to external injury, knocks andfalls, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 12085.T0777 Aster ageratoides var. ovatus (Asteraceae); LUAN YE SAN ZHE MAIZI WAN; Ovate-leafThreevein Aster*. Isolated compounds: 728, 729,730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735.T0778 Aster albescens (Asteraceae); XIAO SHE ZI WAN;Smallligulatecorolla Aster. Isolated compounds: 7951.T0779 Aster cultivars (Asteraceae); ZAI PEI ZI WAN; Cultivated Aster*.Isolated compounds: 3594.T0780 Aster ptarmicoides (Asteraceae); TUN CAO ZI WAN; Upland WhiteAster. Isolated compounds: 23000.T0781 Aster tataricus (Asteraceae); ZI WAN; Tatarion Aster. Used part: rootand rhizome. TCM Effects: To moisten lung and precipitate qi, relievecough and dispel phlegm. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma withabundant phlegm, consumption cough and hemoptysis. Isolatedcompounds: 1186, 1922, 1923, 1927, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933,6918, 7951, 12429, 12430, 18317, 19830, 19831, 19832, 19833.T0782 Asterina pectinifera HAI YAN. Isolated compounds: 3587, 11622.T0783 Asteriscus vogelii (Compositae). Isolated compounds: 1924, 1925,1926, 14492, 14645, 14646, 16346, 16347, 16348, 16427.T0784 Astilbe chinensis (Saxifragaceae); LUO XIN FU; Chinese Astilbe.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, clear heat,suppress cough. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, headacheand generalized pain, cough. Isolated compounds: 2312, 9717, 10607.T0785 Astilbe macroflora (Saxifragaceae); DA HUA LUO XIN FU;Largeflower Astilbe. Isolated compounds: 2312.T0786 Astragalus atropubescens (Fabaceae); ROU MAO HUANG QI;Darkhairy Milkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 14885.T0787 Astragalus bisulcatus (Fabaceae); ER GOU HUANG QI; BisulcateMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 19691.T0788 Astragalus canadensis var. brevidens (Fabaceae); DUAN CHIHUANG QI; Shorttooth Milkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 3634.T0789 Astragalus canadensis var. mortonii (Fabaceae); JIA NA DA HUANGQI; Canadian Milkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 3634.T0790 Astragalus caprinus (Fabaceae); SHAN YANG HUANG QI. Isolatedcompounds: 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, 12105.T0791 Astragalus chrysopterus (Fabaceae); JIN YI HUANG QI; Golden-wingMilkvetch*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Astragalusmembranaceus. TCM Indications: See Astragalus membranaceus.Isolated compounds: 1934.T0792 Astragalus cibarius (Fabaceae); SHI YONG HUANG QI; EdibleMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 3634, 4078.T0793 Astragalus complanatus (Fabaceae); BIAN JING HUANG QI;Flatstem Milkvetch. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To supplementkidney and secure essence, boost liver and brighten eyes. TCMIndications: Liver kidney vacuity, lumbago and limp leg, emission andpremature ejaculation, frequent urination, dizziness and tinnitus,clouded flowery vision. Isolated compounds: 1944, 3949, 11503,15188, 15371, 15941, 18684, 18707, 18708, 18737, 18738.T0794 Astragalus ernestii (Fabaceae); SUO GUO HUANG QI; ErnestMilkvetch*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Astragalusmembranaceus. TCM Indications: See Astragalus membranaceus.Isolated compounds: 1851, 1852.T0795 Astragalus falcatus (Fabaceae); LIAN XING HUANG QI; FalcateMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 3634, 4078, 18859.T0796 Astragalus flexuosus (Fabaceae); WAN YAN HUANG QI; FlexuousMilkvetch *. Isolated compounds: 3634, 4078.T0797 Astragalus kahiricus (Fabaceae); KAI LUO HUANG QI; CairoMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 12107, 12108, 12109, 12110.T0798 Astragalus membranaceus (Fabaceae); HUANG QI; MembranousMilkvetch. Equivalent plant: Astragalus mongholicus, Astragaluschrysopterus, Astragalus ernestii. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Toboost qi and secure exterior, disinhibit urine and draw toxin, expel pus,close sores and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Common cold,influenza, chronic wound ulcer, chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetesmellitus due to internal heat, qi vacuity edema, chronic gastritis, qivacuity and hypodynamia, reduced food intake and sloppy stool,center qi fall, chronic diarrhea, prolapse of rectum, hematochezia,flooding and spotting, spontaneous sweating due to exterior vacuity.Isolated compounds: 326, 617, 618, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940,1941, 1942, 1943, 1945, 1946, 2318, 3004, 3063, 3589, 4476, 6291,7852, 7853, 7883, 8761, 9071, 9486, 10031, 11242, 11243, 12020,12331, 13638, 18317, 19983, 20446, 22252.

377T0799 Astragalus miser var. oblongifolia (Fabaceae); JU YUAN YE HUANGQI; Oblongleaf Milkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 14885.T0800 Astragalus mongholicus (Fabaceae); MENG GU HUANG QI;Mongolian Milkvetch. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Astragalusmembranaceus. TCM Indications: See Astragalus membranaceus.Isolated compounds: 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 3004, 6291, 7883,10251, 10413, 10520, 11544, 11545, 11546, 12020, 12520, 12891,12893, 13638, 14533, 15022, 19983, 20446, 22824.T0801 Astragalus oleifolius (Fabaceae); YOU YE HUANG QI; Oily-leafMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 1937, 1939, 4478, 16067, 16068.T0802 Astragalus pterocarpus (Fabaceae); CHI GUO HUANG QI; WingfruitMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 14885.T0803 Astragalus shikokianus (Fabaceae); SI GUO HUANG QI; SikoMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 1950, 12075, 18859.T0804 Astragalus sieversianus (Fabaceae); MIAN MAO HUANG QI;Sieversia Milkvetch. Isolated compounds: 1948, 1949.T0805 Astragalus sinicus (Fabaceae); ZI YUN YING; Chinese Milkvetch.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispelwind and brighten eyes, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Pain in throat, wind-phlegm cough, red eyes with gall,clove sore, zoster, scab and lichen, hemorrhoids, gum hemorrhage,bleeding due to external injury, menstrual disorder, vaginal discharge,thrombocytopenic purpura. Isolated compounds: 617, 1935, 3063,21662.T0806 Astragalus sinicus (Fabaceae); ZI YUN YING ZI; Chinese MilkvetchSeed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and brighten eyes.TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall. Isolated compounds: 9620,9804.T0807 Astragalus sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 12050, 19676.T0808 Astragalus tetraplerus (Fabaceae); SI CHI HUANG QI; FourwingMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 14885.T0809 Astragalus trojanus (Fabaceae); TE LUO YI HUANG QI; TrojanMilkvetch*. Isolated compounds: 1947, 22046, 22047, 22048.T0810 Astrantia major (Rutaceae); DA XING QIN; Astrantia. Isolatedcompounds: 12420, 16050.T0811 Astrotrichilia voamatata (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 22598,22599, 22600, 22601.T0812 Asystasia intrusa (Acanthaceae); CHA RU SHI WAN CUO; Ya-Yaa(Thai name). Isolated compounds: 580, 815, 1952, 2276, 3306, 8613,18918, 23011.T0813 Atalantia buxifolia [Syn. Severinia buxifolia] (Rutaceae); DONGFENG JU GEN; Boxleaf Atalantia Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects:To dispel stasis and relieve pain, normalize qi and transform phlegm.TCM Indications: Painful swelling from knocks and falls, wind-damppain, fracture, mounting qi, common cold, cough, malaria,stomachache. Isolated compounds: 1953, 1957, 1958, 1959, 2010,2823, 2824, 2825, 2826, 2827, 2828, 2829, 2830, 3777, 3778, 8320,8825, 11758, 11759, 14149, 14443, 19302, 19790, 19983, 20369,21687.T0814 Atalantia buxifolia [Syn. Severinia buxifolia] (Rutaceae); DONGFENG JU YE; Boxleaf Atalantia Leaf. Used part: root and leaf. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and resolve exterior, relieve cough andtransform phlegm, move qi and quicken blood, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Common cold with cough, malaria, stomachache,mounting qi, wind-damp impediment pain, painful swelling fromknocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1954, 5147, 14174.T0815 Atalantia monophylla (Rutaceae); DAN YE DONG FENG JU;Monoleaf Atalantia*. Isolated compounds: 1955, 18272.T0816 Atalantia racemosa (Rutaceae); ZONG ZHUANG DONG FENG JUYE; Racemose Atalantia Leaf*. Isolated compounds: 1956.T0817 Atherosperma moschatum (Atherospermataceae); SHE XIANGMANG ZI. Isolated compounds: 1961.T0818 Athyrium filix-femina (Athyriaceae); TI GAI JUE; Painted Fern.Isolated compounds: 1897.T0819 Atractylodes chinensis (Asteraceae); BEI CANG ZHU; ChineseAtractylodes. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Atractylodeslancea. TCM Indications: See Atractylodes lancea. Isolatedcompounds: 327, 1966, 1969, 1970, 1971, 2452, 6746, 7495, 7514,9542, 10493, 11763, 11764, 12847, 19687.T0820 Atractylodes gummifera (Asteraceae); OU CANG ZHU; GummyAtractylodes*. Isolated compounds: 1972.T0821 Atractylodes japonica (Asteraceae); GUAN CANG ZHU; JapaneseAtractylodes. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Atractylodeslancea. TCM Indications: See Atractylodes lancea. Isolatedcompounds: 1965, 1966, 1969, 5534, 5902, 6833, 7495, 7514, 9542,9806, 9907, 10432, 17087, 19606, 21739.T0822 Atractylodes koreana (Asteraceae); CHAO XIAN CANG ZHU;Koraen Atractylodes. Isolated compounds: 1966, 1969.T0823 Atractylodes lancea (Asteraceae); CANG ZHU; SwordlikeAtractylodes. Equivalent plant: Atractylodes chinensis, Atractylodesjaponica. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel damp andstrengthen spleen, dispel wind, brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Spleen-stomach damp turbidity, fatigue hypodynamia, glomus in chest,abdominal distention, inappetence, vomiting and diarrhea,phlegm-rheum, damp edema, exterior damp, heavy head andgeneralized pain, damp impediment, aching pain in limbs, cripplingwilt, night blindness. Isolated compounds: 125, 618, 1966, 1969, 1971,1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 3242,3466, 4818, 4842, 5902, 6741, 6746, 6833, 7495, 7513, 7514, 8011,9041, 9042, 9044, 9542, 9669, 9807, 10953, 11634, 13284, 14316,14782, 19544, 19606, 19687, 20569, 21739, 21740, 22060, 22252.T0824 Atractylodes macrocephala [Syn. Atractylis macrocephala](Asteraceae); BAI ZHU; Largehead Atractylodes. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To boost qi and fortify spleen, dry damp and disinhibitwater, check sweating, quiet fetus. TCM Indications: Spleen qi vacuity,fatigue hypodynamia, reduced food intake with abdominal distention,sloppy stool, water-rheum collecting internally, inhibited urination,edema, phlegm-rheum dizziness, damp impediment, qi vacuity,spontaneous sweating, stirring fetus in pregnancy. Isolated compounds:1965, 1967, 1968, 1971, 7396, 7495, 11966, 14189, 14190, 14191,14192.T0825 Atropa belladonna (Solanaceae); DIAN QIE; Common Atropa. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve spasm and relieve pain,inhibit secretion. TCM Indications: Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, colicof gastrointestinal tract, cholecystalgia, renal colic, vomiting nausea,night sweating, drooling. Isolated compounds: 1526, 2001, 2218, 4417,

37810870, 10872, 19542, 22195.T0826 Atropa spp. (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 10870.Aucklandia lappa = Saussurea lappaT0827 Aucuba chinensis ssp. omeiensis (Cornaceae); TIAN JIAO BAN;Chinese Aucuba. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, scratch, knocks andfalls, burns and scalds, hemorrhoids, frostbite. Isolated compounds:2003, 2004.T0828 Aucuba japonica (Cornaceae); DONG YING SHAN HU MU;Japanese Aucuba. Isolated compounds: 2004.T0829 Aulacomnium androgynum (Aulacomniaceae); ZHOU SHUO XIAN.Isolated compounds: 17147.T0830 Auricularia auricula (Auriculariaceae); MU ER; Jew’s Ear. Equivalentplant: Auricularia delicata. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: Tosupplement qi and nourish blood, moisten lung and relieve cough,stanch bleeding, lower blood pressure, anticancer. TCM Indications:Qi vacuity and blood depletion, lung vacuity enduring cough,hemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding, blood dysentery, bleedingfrom hemorrhoids, flooding and spotting, hypertension, eyegroundhemorrhage, carcinoma of uterine cervix, carcinoma of vagina, painfulwound from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3039, 7250,20155.T0831 Auricularia delicata (Auriculariaceae); ZHOU MU ER; Delicate Jew’sEar*. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: See Auricularia auricula.TCM Indications: See Auricularia auricula. Isolated compounds:16218.T0832 Austrotaxus spicata (Taxaceae); AO DA LI YA HONG DOU SHAN;Australia Yew. Isolated compounds: 127, 150, 365, 366, 1062, 2024,2025, 2437, 3958, 4702, 4703, 4718, 4719, 4720, 4773, 4849, 5087,5322, 6140, 9959, 14136, 15523, 15524, 20157, 20159, 20161, 21532,22030, 22031.Autonoë madeirensis = Scilla maderensisT0833 Avena sativa (Poaceae); YAN MAI; Oat. Isolated compounds: 2029,2030, 2031, 2032, 2033, 15855, 20146, 20147.T0834 Averrhoa carambola (Oxalidaceae); YANG TAO; Carambola;Country Gooseberry. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat,engender liquid, disinhibit urine, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-heat cough, sore pharynx, vexation and thirst, stone strangury,oral putrescence, toothache, malaria with splenomegaly, resolve liquortoxin. Isolated compounds: 17264.T0835 Axinyssa sp. Isolated compounds: 2046, 4880, 11360.T0836 Azadiractica indica (Meliaceae); YIN DU LIAN; Neem Tree. Isolatedcompounds: 364, 2051, 12847, 13662, 13663, 15655, 22961.Azalea ovata = Rhododendron ovatumT0837 Azalea sp. (Ericaceae). Isolated compounds: 491.T0838 Azolla imbricata [Syn. Salvinia imbricata] (Azollaceae); MAN JIANGHONG; Imbricate Mosquito Fern. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Toresolve exterior and outthrust papules, dispel wind and overcomedamp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold with cough,non-eruption of measles, wind-damp pain, inhibited urination, edema,urticaria, itchy of skin, sores, cinnabar toxin, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 13148.T0839 Azorella compacta (Apiaceae); MI XIAO YING QIN. Isolatedcompounds: 261, 262, 10531, 15062.T0840 Azorella cryptantha (Apiaceae); YIN HUA YAO XIAO YING QIN.Isolated compounds: 2062, 5545.T0841 Azorella yareta (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2061, 9809, 9810,15059, 15062.BT0842 Babylonia japonica (Buccinidae); RI BEN DONG FENG LUO.Isolated compounds: 15461.T0843 Babylonia lutosa (Buccinidae); NI DONG FENG LUO. Used part:meat. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, moisten dryness. TCMIndications: Nosebleed(epistaxis), dry stool. Isolated compounds:20496.T0844 Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae); XIAO LONG YE KUO BAOJU; Dracunculi-leaf Pluchea*. Isolated compounds: 85, 5415, 6580,6581, 6582, 6583, 6584, 6585, 6586, 6587, 6588, 6589, 6590, 6591,6592, 6593, 6594, 6595, 6596, 6597, 17410, 17415, 20996.T0845 Baccharis flabellata (Asteraceae); SHAN XING KUO BAO JU;Sector Pluchea. Isolated compounds: 5497, 7176, 7199.T0846 Baccharis gaudichaudiana (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 2080.T0847 Baccharis indica [Syn. Pluchea indica] (Asteraceae); KUO BAO JU;Indian Pluchea. Used part: stem-leaf or root. TCM Effects: To warmstomach and eliminate accumulation, soften hardness and dissipatebinds, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications: Child foodaccumulation, goiter and carcinoma of neck, phlegm node, wind-dampbone pain. Isolated compounds: 17085.T0848 Baccharis latifolia (Asteraceae); KUAN YE KUO BAO JU; BroadleafPluchea*. Isolated compounds: 17809.T0849 Baccharis ramosissima (Asteraceae); DUO ZHI KUO BAO JU;Ramose Pluchea*. Isolated compounds: 14119.T0850 Baccharis sarothroides (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 21711.T0851 Baccharis spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 3551, 16041, 17399,22768.T0852 Bacopa monniera (Scrophulariaceae); JIA MA CHI XIAN; CoastalWaterhyssop. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andcool blood, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Dysentery, red eyes with gall, swelling pain from hemorrhoids,elephantiasis. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1574, 2082, 2083, 2084,2085, 2086, 2087, 2088, 2089, 2090, 2091, 2092, 2093, 2094, 2095,8604, 11908, 13137, 13580, 14917, 14918, 14919, 15975, 17507,17508, 20471.T0853 Baeckea frutescens (Myrtaceae); GANG SONG; Shrubby Baeckea.Used part: leaf, flower and fruit. TCM Effects: To transform stasis andrelieve pain, clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit urine and freestrangury, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Stasisswelling from knocks and falls, cirrhosis, heat strangury, heat diarrhea,inhibited urination, pudendal itch, beriberi, eczema, itchy skin, scaband lichen, burns and scalds, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:2097, 2339, 2340, 2341, 2369, 2550, 2555, 4550, 6482, 7752, 8105,8106, 8618, 8619, 12843, 20995.T0854 Baileya multiradiata (Asteraceae); BAI LAI SHI JU; Bailai’sChrysanthemum. Isolated compounds: 2109, 7739, 7740, 15071,

37915073, 15074, 15991, 17557, 18523.T0855 Baileya pauciradiata (Asteraceae); SHAO BIAN HUA BAI LAI SHIJU; Fewradiate Bailai’s Chrysanthemum*. Isolated compounds: 15991,16733.T0856 Baileya pleniradiata (Asteraceae); DUO BIAN HUA BAI LAI SHI JU;Manyradiate Bailai’s Chrysanthemum*. Isolated compounds: 2109,16733, 17558.T0857 Balanophora abbreviata (Balanophoraceae); DUAN SHE GU;Abbreviate Balanophora*. Isolated compounds: 10628.T0858 Balanophora indica [Syn. Langodorffia indica] (Balanophoraceae);YIN DU SHE GU; Indian Balanophora. Isolated compounds: 1122,13099.T0859 Balanophora involucrata (Balanophoraceae); TONG QIAO SHE GU;Involucrate Balanophora. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tomoisten lung and relieve cough, move qi and fortify stomach, clearheat and disinhibit damp, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Lung heat cough, pain in stomach duct and abdomen,jaundice, swelling pain from hemorrhoids, knocks and falls,hemoptysis, menstrual disorder, flooding and spotting, bleeding due toexternal injury, dizziness, emission. Isolated compounds: 14249,22262.T0860 Balanophora japonica (Balanophoraceae); GE XUN; JapaneseBalanophora. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, arouse liquor. TCM Indications: Wind-heat macular eruption,lung heat cough, blood ejection, flooding, hemorrhoids. Isolatedcompounds: 1113, 2125, 2126, 2127, 2128, 2129, 2895, 2897, 2898,2899, 2902, 2903, 2904, 2905, 2908, 2929, 4167, 5406, 5407, 5408,5410, 5516, 8612, 11481, 21551.T0861 Baliospermum montanum (Euphorbiaceae); BAN ZI MU; MontaneBaliospermum. Isolated compounds: 2130, 14945.T0862 Ballota limbata (Lamiaceae); Bui; Phut kandu (local names). Isolatedcompounds: 2131, 2132.T0863 Ballota nigra (Lamiaceae); HEI BA LUO CAO; Black Bui*. Isolatedcompounds: 2133.T0864 Balsamorhiza macrophylla (Asteraceae); Cut-leaf Balsamroot. Isolatedcompounds: 5141, 5143, 14406.T0865 Balsamorhiza sagittata (Asteraceae); Arrowleaf Balsamroot. Isolatedcompounds: 5141, 5143, 14406.T0866 Baphicacanthus cusia [Syn. Strobilanthes cusia] (Acanthaceae); MALAN GEN; Common Baphicacanthus Root. Used part: root andrhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Warm toxin macular eruption,ardent fever with headache, massive head scourge, erysipelas,epidemic parotitis, viral hepatitis, influenza, pneumonia, swelling ofsores, zoster. Isolated compounds: 580, 4419, 4420, 6230, 6231, 11024,11463, 13098, 13250, 13251, 22059.T0867 Baphicacanthus cusia [Syn. Strobilanthes cusia] (Acanthaceae); MALAN YE; Common Baphicacanthus Leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Warm heat disease, ardent fever withheadache, macular eruption, lung heat cough, damp-heat diarrheadysentery, jaundice, scarlatina, measles papules, swelling pain inthroat, mouth sore, epidemic parotitis, lymphrnoditis, liver wellingabscess, intestinal welling abscess, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, gum hemorrhage, flooding and spotting, sore andboil, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 18287.T0868 Baptisia australis (Fabaceae); AO DA LI YA YAN DIAN. Isolatedcompounds: 7883.T0869 Baptisia spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004, 7883, 16209.T0870 Barbarea vulgaris (Brassicaceae); OU ZHOU SHAN JIE; UplandCress. Isolated compounds: 8599.T0871 Barleria lupulina (Acanthaceae); HUA YE JIA DU JUAN. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To free channels and network vessels, jointsinews and bones, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Painful swelling from knocks and falls, fracture, bleedingdue to external injury, swollen welling abscess and sore toxin,poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 330, 509, 510, 511, 11129,13108, 15134, 19795, 19796.T0872 Barleria strigosa (Acanthaceae); CAO MAO JIA DU JUAN. Isolatedcompounds: 4154, 10620.T0873 Barteria fistulosa (Acanthaceae). Isolated compounds: 22608.T0874 Bartramia pomiformis (Bartramiaceae); LI SHUO ZHU XIAN.Isolated compounds: 1261.T0875 Basella rubra (Basellaceae); LUO KUI HUA; Red Vinespinach flower.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To cool blood and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Cracked nipple. Isolated compounds: 2157, 2158,2159, 2160, 2323, 9588, 14910, 20165.T0876 Baseonema acuminatum (Asclepiadaceae); Mamiaho (in Malagasylanguage, Madagascar). Isolated compounds: 2286, 2296, 5518, 5547,8107, 12048, 13965, 14101, 15152, 18359, 22616.T0877 Bauhinia championii (Fabaceae); LONG XU TENG; ChampionBauhinia. Used part: root or stem. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, move qi and quicken blood. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, pain in stomach duct,hemiplegia, gan accumulation, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 9509,16871, 19929, 21188.T0878 Bauhinia malabarica (Fabaceae); MA LA BA YANG TI JIA; MalabaBauhinia*. Isolated compounds: 5095, 17846, 17847, 18515.T0879 Bauhinia purpurea (Fabaceae); ZI YANG TI JIA; Purple Bauhinia.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Sore and boil, burns and scalds, stasis swelling fromknocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 18281.T0880 Bauhinia racemosa (Fabaceae); ZONG ZHUANG HUA YANG TI JIA;Racemose Bauhinia*. Isolated compounds: 18515.T0881 Bauhinia variegata (Fabaceae); CAI BAN YANG TI JIA; VariegateBauhinia*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen andeliminate damp, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Indigestion, acutegastroenteritis, hepatitis, cough and hemoptysis, pain in joints, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 5591, 6263.Baussingaultia cordifolia = Anredera cordifoliaBaussingaultia gracilis f. pseudobaselloides = Anredera cordifoliaBaussingaultia gracilis var. pseudobaselloides = Anredera cordifoliaT0882 Bazzania decrescens (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 10395.T0883 Bazzania japonica (Lepidoziaceae); RI BEN BIAN TAI; JapaneseFlagelliform Liverwort*. Isolated compounds: 1702, 1705, 6977, 6978,6979.

380T0884 Bazzania madagassa (Lepidoziaceae). Isolated compounds: 559, 5290.T0885 Bazzania trilobata (Lepidoziaceae); BIAN TAI; FlagelliformLiverwort*. Isolated compounds: 5797, 21879, 21880, 21881, 21882,21883, 21884, 21885, 21886.T0886 Beaumontia grandiflora (Apocynaceae); QING MING HUA; EasterHeraldtrumpet. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, quicken blood, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, taxation damage in lumbar muscle,knocks and falls, swelling pain from fracture. Isolated compounds:400, 2187, 2190, 14718, 16031, 22629.T0887 Beauveria bassiana BAI JIANG JUN. Isolated compounds: 2847,2855, 5784, 9870, 9872, 9873, 9874, 9875, 9876, 20932.T0888 Beesia calthaefolia (Ranunculaceae); TIE PO LUO;Marshmarigold-leaved Beesia. Used part: rhizome or whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin, dispel wind. TCMIndications: Wind-heat common cold, wind-damp bone pain, throatpain, red eyes with gall, sore and boil, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 2192, 2193, 2194, 2195, 2196, 2197, 2198, 2199, 2200,2201, 2202, 2203, 2204, 2205, 2206, 2207, 2208, 2209, 4465, 9455.T0889 Begonia glabra (Begoniaceae); GUANG JIE QIU HAI TANG;Glabrate Begonia*. Isolated compounds: 16498, 20978.T0890 Begonia limprichtii (Begoniaceae); JI YE QIU HAI TANG; LimprichtBegonia. Used part: whole herb with rhizome. TCM Effects: To coolblood and stanch bleeding, dispel stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Flooding and spotting with vaginal discharge, bloodejection, dysentery, stasis pain from knocks and falls, poisonous snakebite. Isolated compounds: 20378.T0891 Begonia nantoensis (Begoniaceae); NAN TOU QIU HAI TANG;Nantou Begonia*. Isolated compounds: 27, 2006, 2210, 3309, 4317,4320, 4323, 5573, 5574, 5789, 11029, 14473, 15249.T0892 Belamcanda chinensis (Iridaceae); SHE GAN; Blackberrylily. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispersephlegm, disinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Heat toxin andphlegm-fire stasis, swelling pain in throat, cough and asthma. Isolatedcompounds: 439, 2215, 2216, 2217, 5647, 9826, 11141, 11142, 11154,11164, 11164, 11466, 13481, 16691, 18682, 19797, 19798, 19799,20900, 20901, 21129, 21130, 22344.T0893 Bellis perennis (Asteraceae); CHU JU; English Daisy. Isolatedcompounds: 22526.T0894 Benincasa hispida (Cucurbitaceae); DONG GUA PI; ChineseWaxgourd Peel. Used part: exocarp. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit water, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Edema, inhibitedurination [=dysuria], diarrhea, swelling of sores. Isolated compounds:11548, 15528, 19901.T0895 Benincasa hispida (Cucurbitaceae); DONG GUA ZI; ChineseWaxgourd Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear lung andtransform phlegm, disperse welling abscess and expel pus, disinhibitdamp. TCM Indications: Phlegm-heat cough, pulmonary wellingabscess, intestinal welling abscess, white turbidity, vaginal discharge,beriberi, edema, strangury syndrome. Isolated compounds: 3774,19901, 21662, 22246.T0896 Berberis actinacantha (Berberidaceae); CU CI XIAO BO;Actino-spiny Barberry. Isolated compounds: 2304.T0897 Berberis amurensis (Berberidaceae); XIAO BO; Amur Barberry. Usedpart: root and branchlet. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Enteritis, dysentery, chroniccholecystitis, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, bacillary dysentery,infection of upper respiratory tract, urinary tract infection, leukopeniccomplications of carcinoma, innominate toxin swelling, erysipelas,eczema, red eyes, mouth sore. Isolated compounds: 2301, 3934, 11851,13374, 16439, 16441, 16555.T0898 Berberis baluchistanica (Berberidaceae); BI LU ZHI XIAO BO;Baluchistan Barberry. Isolated compounds: 4100, 4101, 16537.T0899 Berberis buxifolia (Berberidaceae); HUANG YANG XIAO BO;Box-leaved Barberry. Isolated compounds: 2938.T0900 Berberis calliobotrys (Berberidaceae); MEI SUI XIAO BO;Beautiful-raceme Barberry. Isolated compounds: 16537.T0901 Berberis darwinii (Berberidaceae); DA ER WEN XIAO BO; DarwinBarberry. Isolated compounds: 2304.T0902 Berberis diaphana (Berberidaceae); XIAN HUANG XIAO BO;Reddrop Barberry. Used part: endoderm root bark and branch bark.TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, resolve heat toxin. TCM Indications:Damp-heat dysentery, jaundice, vaginal discharge, heat toxin swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 2300, 2303, 11851, 16555.T0903 Berberis dubia (Berberidaceae); ZHI YI XIAO BO; Dubious Barberry.Isolated compounds: 2300, 2303, 11851, 16555.T0904 Berberis floribunda (Berberidaceae); DUO HUA XIAO BO;Free-flowering Barberry. Isolated compounds: 6835, 16439.T0905 Berberis integerrima (Berberidaceae); QUAN YUAN YE XIAO BO;Integrifolious Barberry. Isolated compounds: 16439.T0906 Berberis julianae (Berberidaceae); TU HUANG LIAN; WintergreenBarberry. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, heat strangury, red eyes with gall, gumswelling, swelling pain in throat, epidemic parotitis, erysipelas,eczema, heat toxin sores. Isolated compounds: 2303, 4122, 11851,16439, 16537.T0907 Berberis kawakamii (Berberidaceae); TAI WAN XIAO BO; TaiwanBarberry. Used part: root or leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drydamp, drain fire. TCM Indications: Damp-heat diarrhea, dysentery,mouth sore, toxin swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 13374.T0908 Berberis lambertii (Berberidaceae); LAN BO TE XIAO BO; LambertBarberry. Isolated compounds: 16439.T0909 Berberis laurina (Berberidaceae); YUE GUI XIAO BO; Laurel-likeBarberry. Isolated compounds: 2302, 14756.T0910 Berberis oblonga (Berberidaceae); CHANG YUAN YE XIAO BO;Oblong-leaved Barberry. Isolated compounds: 16439.T0911 Berberis orthobotrys (Berberidaceae); ZHI ZONG ZHUANG HUAXU XIAO BO; Straight-raceme Barberry. Isolated compounds: 16439,16537.T0912 Berberis poiretii (Berberidaceae); XI YE XIAO BO; Poiret Barberry.Used part: root, stem and bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drydamp, drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Bacillarydysentery, damp-heat dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice, infection of upperrespiratory tract, sore pharynx, urinary tract infection, cholecystitis,leukopenic complications of carcinoma, eczema, sores, mouth sore,

381red eyes. Isolated compounds: 11851, 16555.T0913 Berberis potaninii SHAO CHI XIAO BO; Potanin Barberry. Isolatedcompounds: 2300, 2303, 11851, 16555.T0914 Berberis sp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds: 3142, 7821.T0915 Berberis spp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds: 16439, 16555.T0916 Berberis thunbergii (Berberidaceae); RI BEN XIAO BO; JapaneseBarberry. Used part: root, root cortex, stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and dry damp, drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, stomach heat pain, red eyes with gall,mouth sore, swelling pain in throat, acute eczema, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 2300, 2303, 3934, 11736, 11851, 13374, 16439, 16555.T0917 Berberis tschonoskiana (Berberidaceae); HUANG XIAO BO; YellowBarberry. Isolated compounds: 15881, 15885, 16439.T0918 Berberis valdiviana (Berberidaceae); WA SHI XIAO BO; ValdivBarberry. Isolated compounds: 2304, 4353, 16537.T0919 Berberis vulgaris (Berberidaceae); OU ZHOU XIAO BO; EuropeanBarberry. Isolated compounds: 2300, 2304, 16439.T0920 Berberis wilsonae (Berberidaceae); JIN HUA XIAO BO; WilsonBarberry. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp,drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Bacillary dysentery,damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, infection of upper respiratory tract, lungheat cough, urinary tract infection, cholecystitis, leukopeniccomplications of carcinoma, jaundice, red eyes with gall, infant mouthsore, heat toxin swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 2303.T0921 Berberis zycium (Berberidaceae); GOU QI XIAO BO; MedlarBarberry*. Isolated compounds: 7327, 18207.T0922 Berchemia polyphylla var. leioclada (Rhamnaceae); GUANG ZHIGOU ER CHA; Smoothbranched Supplejack. Used part: stem vine orroot. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and disperse swelling, stanchbleeding and settle pain, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCMIndications: Welling abscess and flat abscess with clove sores, coughand hemoptysis, bleeding of digestive tract, knocks and falls, scalds,wind-damp bone pain, wind-fire toothache. Isolated compounds:19087.T0923 Bergenia crassifolia (Saxifragaceae); HOU YE YAN BAI CAI;Thickleaf Bergenia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tosupplement vacuity and stanch bleeding, relieve cough and settleasthma. TCM Indications: Dizziness, cough, asthma, blood ejection,hemoptysis. Isolated compounds: 1618, 2312.T0924 Bergenia purpurascens (Saxifragaceae); YAN BAI CAI; PurpleBergenia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To enrich andsupplement, check vomiting and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Vacuity with dizziness, taxation damage cough, blood ejection,hemoptysis, strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge, toxin swelling.Isolated compounds: 2312, 17884.T0925 Berlandiera pumila AI SHENG BO LAN DI. Isolated compounds:18198.T0926 Berneuxia thibetica (Diapensiaceae); YAN JIN CAI; Tibet Berneuxine.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold,relieve cough and calm asthma, quicken blood and free networkvessels. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, asthma, cough,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2221, 2313, 2314, 2315.T0927 Beta sp. (Chenopodiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22336.T0928 Beta vulgaris (Chenopodiaceae); TIAN CAI; Common Beet. Isolatedcompounds: 2057, 2317, 2318, 2319, 2973, 7768, 8784, 11082, 13439,16050, 17770, 19459, 20446, 22623, 22624.T0929 Betonica officinalis (Lamiaceae); YAO SHUI SU; Medicinal Betonica.Isolated compounds: 2325, 11327.T0930 Betula alba (Betulaceae). Isolated compounds: 2329.T0931 Betula ermanii (Betulaceae); YUE HUA; Ermans Birch. Used part:bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 2330,12045, 14157.T0932 Betula luminifera (Betulaceae); LIANG YE HUA PI; ShiningleafBirch Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel damp anddissipate cold, disperse stagnation and harmonize center, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Common cold, wind-damp impediment pain, foodaccumulation distention and fullness, short voidings of reddish urine,mammary welling abscess, sore toxin, wind papules. Isolatedcompounds: 2336, 2337, 3318.T0933 Betula platyphylla (Betulaceae); HONG HUA PI; Japanese WhiteBirch Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Betula platyphylla.TCM Indications: See Betula platyphylla. Isolated compounds: 266,2326, 2327, 2328, 17547.T0935 Betula platyphylla var. japonica (Betulaceae); HUA MU PI; AsianWhite Birch Bark. Equivalent plant: Betula platyphylla var. japonica.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,relieve cough and dispel phlegm, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Pneumonia, dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice, nephritis,urinary tract infection, chronic trachitis, acute tonsillitis, periodontitis,acute mastitis, swollen boil, itchy papules, scalds. Isolated compounds:1379, 2331, 10967, 16532, 17547.T0934 Betula pubescens (Betulaceae); MAO ZHI HUA; Pubescent Birch*.Isolated compounds: 17876, 17884.T0936 Betula sp. (Betulaceae). Isolated compounds: 9021, 18794, 19174,22920.T0937 Betula spp. (Betulaceae). Isolated compounds: 10887, 17876, 17884,19312.T0938 Bidens bipinnata (Asteraceae); GUI ZHEN CAO; Beggarticks. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice,intestinal welling abscess, swelling toxin of clove sore, snake or insectbites, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 2358, 2362, 9381, 11573, 19122, 21118, 21608, 21609.T0939 Bidens parviflora (Asteraceae); XIAO HUA GUI ZHEN; SmallflowerBeggarticks. Isolated compounds: 2359, 2360, 2361, 2362, 4158, 4159,5155, 6351, 20447.T0940 Bidens sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 16024.T0941 Bidens tripartita (Asteraceae); LANG PA CAO; Bur Beggarticks. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit damp, free menstruation. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough,hemoptysis, swelling pain in throat, red and white dysentery, jaundice,menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, child gan accumulation, scrofula,eczema, lichen sore, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 663,1476, 11573, 13137, 18317.

382T0942 Biebersteinia heterostemon (Geraniaceae); XUN DAO NIU;Heterostemonous Biebersteinia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and settle fright, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Warm heat disease with fever, common cold with fever, infant ardentfever convulsion, abdominal distention and pain, hemorrhoids.Isolated compounds: 14184, 22195.T0943 Bifurcaria bifurcata (Cystoseiraceae); SHUANG CHA ZAO; BrownAlga Bifurcaria bifurcata. Isolated compounds: 4920, 7086, 10142,10143, 10144, 10145, 10146, 10758, 16736.Biota orientalis = Thuja orientalisT0944 Biota orientalis [Syn. Thuja orientalis; Platycladus orientalis](Cupressaceae); BAI ZI REN; Chinese Arborvitae Kernel*. Used part:kernel. TCM Effects: To nourish heart and quiet spirit, constrain sweat,moisten intestines and free stool. TCM Indications: Fright palpitationand fearful throbbing, sleepless and amnesia, night sweating, intestinaldry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 2488, 2489, 11597, 14070,17422, 22039.T0945 Bischofia javanica [Syn. Bischofia trifoliata] (Euphorbiaceae); QIUFENG MU; Javan Bishopwood. Used part: root, bark. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and eliminate damp, transform stasis and disperseaccumulation. TCM Indications: Wind-damp bone pain (root cortexbranchlet-leaf ), depression of qi and blood, abscess, sore (leaf), redand white dysentery (root). Isolated compounds: 1113, 6918, 6919,7950, 7952, 14158.T0946 Bituminaria morisiana (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 2365, 2495,4190, 4604, 5851, 5973, 7295, 10047, 17830.T0947 Bixa orellana (Bixaceae); HONG MU; Anattotree. Used part: rootcortex, leaf, sarcocarp and seed. TCM Effects: To abate fever, interruptmalaria, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Fever, malaria, sore pharynx,jaundice, dysentery, erysipelas, poisonous snake bite, sores. Isolatedcompounds: 2496, 8317, 8318, 8319, 15720.T0948 Blainvillea acmella [Syn. Verbesina acmella; Eclipta latifolia;Blainvillea latifolia] (Asteraceae); YU LIN CAI; BroadleafBlainvillea*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course wind andclear heat, relieve cough. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever,lung vacuity consumption cough, hemoptysis, sprain and contusion.Isolated compounds: 19046.T0949 Blasia pusilla (Blasiaceae); HU BAO TAI; Blasia*. Isolatedcompounds: 18225.T0950 Blatta orientalis (Blattidae); ZHANG LANG; Cockroach. Used part:body. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis, transform accumulation,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Child gan accumulation, concretionconglomeration accumulation and gathering, throat impediment,nipple moth, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, snake orinsect bites. Isolated compounds: 7816.T0951 Blechnum minus (Blechnaceae); XIAO WU MAO JUE; MinusHard-fern*. Isolated compounds: 6678.T0952 Blechnum orientale (Blechnaceae); WU MAO JUE; OrientalBlechnum Frond. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood and stanch bleeding, expel worms. TCMIndications: Common cold, headache, parotitis, swollen wellingabscess, knocks and falls, nosebleed(epistaxis), blood ejection,flooding, vaginal discharge, intestinal parasitic disease. Isolatedcompounds: 2596, 3551.T0953 Blepharostoma trichophyllum (Blepharostomataceae); JIE MAO TAI;Blepharostoma*. Isolated compounds: 2503, 5943, 12405, 12406,12407, 12408.T0954 Bletilla formosana (Orchidaceae); LAN YU BAI JI; Taiwan Bletilla*.Isolated compounds: 1476, 2456, 2460, 2461, 2509, 5763, 5771, 8237,9837, 9838, 9845, 9846, 9848, 11648, 12020, 12062, 13912, 13980,17968, 21690.T0955 Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae); BAI JI; Common Bletilla. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To promote astriction and stanch bleeding,disperse swelling and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Hemoptysis,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, bleedingdue to external injury, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,burns and scalds, cracking of hands and feet, splitting of anus. Isolatedcompounds: 2165, 2457, 2460, 2461, 2504, 2505, 2506, 2507, 2508,2509, 2510, 2511, 2512, 2513, 2514, 2515, 2516, 2517, 9847, 9848,10176, 14154, 21900, 21910, 21920.T0956 Blighia sapida (Sapindaceae); XI FEI LI ZHI GUO; Akee. Isolatedcompounds: 8776, 10898.T0957 Blumea balsamifera (Asteraceae); AI NA XIANG; BalsamiferousBlumea. Used part: Branchlet-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, warm center and check diarrhea, quicken blood andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, head windheadache, wind-damp impediment pain, cold-damp diarrhea anddysentery, taeniasis, poisonous snake bite, painful wound from knocksand falls, lichen sore. Isolated compounds: 2518, 2519, 2520, 2521,2550, 2555, 5763, 17968, 22778.T0958 Blumea glomerata (Asteraceae); TUAN JI AI NA XIANG; GlomerateBlumea*. Isolated compounds: 2021, 4283, 6338, 9406, 9509, 10595,14417, 14737, 15635, 16873, 19174.T0959 Blumea lacera (Asteraceae); HONG TOU CAO; Malay Blumea. Usedpart: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drain fire, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough,swelling pain in throat, mouth and tongue sores, stomach firetoothache, epidemic parotitis, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore. Isolated compounds: 3208, 3987, 21622.T0960 Bocconia frutescens (Papaveraceae); GUAN ZHUANG MEI YINGSU. Isolated compounds: 16628.T0961 Bocconia spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T0962 Boehmeria platanifolia [Syn. Boehmeria tricuspis] (Urticaceae); CHIMA; Tricuspidate Falsenettle. Used part: root or tender stem-leaf.TCM Effects: To promote astriction and stanch bleeding, clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Hemoptysis, spontaneousexternal bleeding, hematochezia, hematuria, flooding and spotting,knocks and falls, innominate toxin swelling, sores. Isolatedcompounds: 2039, 2527, 2530, 6776.T0963 Boehmeria siamensis (Urticaceae); SHU XU ZHU MA; SiamFalsenettle. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andremove damp, dispel wind and relieve itch, quicken blood and regulatemenstruation. TCM Indications: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, wind-dampimpediment pain, eczema, itchy skin, menstrual block, lump glomus.Isolated compounds: 2528, 2529.T0964 Boenninghausenia albiflora (Rutaceae); YAN JIAO CAO; White

383Chinaure. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and coolblood, soothe sinews and quicken blood, eliminate inflammation.TCM Indications: Common cold, pharyngolaryngitis, hepatitis,hemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding, lumbago, knocks and falls,subcutaneous static blood. Isolated compounds: 858, 859, 860, 1189,2309, 2342, 2531, 2780, 4919, 5445, 6300, 6312, 9420, 10194, 10196,11865, 11978, 13152, 13607, 14845, 15104, 15146, 15646, 19085,21906, 22781.T0965 Boenninghausenia albiflora var. japonica (Rutaceae); RI BEN BAISONG FENG CAO; Japanese White Chinaure*. Isolated compounds:5445, 10194, 10196.T0966 Boenninghausenia japonica (Rutaceae); RI BEN CHOU JIE CAO;Japanese Chinaure*. Isolated compounds: 13607, 19085.T0967 Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa (Rutaceae); SHI JIAO CAO;Sessile-fruit Chinaure. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To coursewind and resolve exterior, clear heat and resolve toxin, move qi andquicken blood. TCM Indications: Common cold, tonsillitis, bronchitis,pneumonia, nephropyelitis, stomachache and abdominal distention,thromboangiitis obliterans, lumbago, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 2342, 2531, 6300, 11865, 19804.T0968 Boenninghausenia sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3457.T0969 Boerhavia diffusa (Nyctaginaceae); HUANG XI XIN; DiffuseBoerhavia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood anddissipate stasis, strengthen sinews and bones, regulate menstruation,disperse gan. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, pain in sinews andbones, menstrual disorder [= menoxenia], child gan accumulation.Isolated compounds: 2532, 2533, 2534, 2535, 2536, 2537.T0970 Boesenbergia pandurata (Zingiberaceae); QIN ZHUANG AO CHUNJIANG; Lyrate Boesenbergia*. Isolated compounds: 16867.T0971 Bolbostemma paniculatum (Cucurbitaceae); JIA BEI MU; PaniculateBolbostemma. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve phlegm, dissipate binds and draw out toxin. TCM Indications:Mammary welling abscess, scrofula with phlegm node, toxin swellingof sores, wart, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 17578,17579, 17580, 17581, 17582, 20358, 20359, 21089, 21698, 22072,22073, 22074, 22075, 22076.Boletus cinnabarinus = Trametes cinnabarinaBoletus fomentarius = Fomes fomentariusT0972 Bolusanthus speciosus (Fabaceae); Tree Wisteria. Isolated compounds:2539, 3004, 5235, 7883, 8136, 8278, 11434, 13107, 13637, 16209,16545, 22667.T0973 Bombax malabaricum [Syn. Gossampinus malabarica] (Bombacaceae);MU MIAN HUA; Common Bombax Flower. Used part: flower. TCMEffects: To clear heat, disinhibit damp, resolve toxin, stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Diarrhea, dysentery, hemoptysis, blood ejection,flooding, incised wound and bleeding, sore toxin, eczema. Isolatedcompounds: 7441, 8078, 9869, 11453, 13481, 15069.T0974 Bombyx batryticatus (Bombycidae); JIANG CAN. Isolated compounds:13995.T0975 Bombyx mori (Bombycidae); BAI JIANG CAN; Silkworm Larva.Used part: dried larva. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and resolvetetany, transform phlegm and dissipate binds, resolve toxin anddisinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Epilepsy, fright wind andconvulsion, swelling pain in throat, acute infection of upperrespiratory tract, epidemic parotitis, diabetes mellitus,temporomandibular lymphrnoditis, facial paralysis, itchy skin. Isolatedcompounds: 2161, 2162, 2188, 2189, 3585, 6538, 6678, 6723, 6724,7250, 13098, 15952, 16559, 20279, 20932.T0976 Bombyx mori (Bombycidae); CAN JIAN; Silk Cocoon. Used part: silkcovering spun by larva. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, allay thirst,resolve toxin and cure sores. TCM Indications: Hematochezia,hematuria, flooding, diabetes mellitus, stomach reflux, gan disease,swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 13098, 18341, 18405,22060.T0977 Bombyx mori (Bombycidae); YUAN CAN E; Silkworm King. Usedpart: silkworm king. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney andinvigorate yang, rough essence, stanch bleeding, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Impotence and emission, whiteturbidity, blood strangury, incised wound and bleeding, swelling painin throat, mouth and tongue sores, swelling toxin of welling abscessand sore, frostbite, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 6678, 15528.T0978 Bombyx mori (Bombycidae); YUAN CAN SHA; Silkworm Feculae.Used part: silkworm dried feces. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, harmonize stomach and transform turbidity, quickenblood and free menstruation. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, paralysis, wind papule itching, vomiting anddiarrhea with cramp, amenorrhea, flooding and spotting. Isolatedcompounds: 7250, 11031, 13098, 17140, 17141, 17265, 19987.T0979 Bombyx mori (Bombycidae); YUAN CAN ZI; Silkworm Egg. Usedpart: silkworm egg. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and clear heat, checktetany. TCM Indications: Heat blood strangury, difficult delivery,tetanus. Isolated compounds: 3893, 3894, 6632, 7814, 7816, 10294,13824, 21504, 21505, 21506, 22251, 22769.T0980 Bonamia spectabilis (Convolvulaceae). Isolated compounds: 2541,2542, 2543, 2544, 15344, 15345.T0981 Borago officinalis (Boraginaceae); LIU LI JU; Common Borage.Isolated compounds: 5283, 13235, 21319.T0982 Bos taurus domesticus (Bovidae); HUANG MING JIAO; OxhideGelatin. Used part: gelatin made from hide of ox. TCM Effects: Toenrich yin and moisten dryness, nourish blood and stanch bleeding,quicken blood and disperse swelling, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Vacuity taxation lung wilting, cough and hemoptysis, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, flooding and spotting, diarrhea withhematochezia, knocks and falls, sore toxin of welling abscess and flatabscess, scalds. Isolated compounds: 10660.T0983 Bos taurus domesticus (Bovidae); XIA TIAN GAO; Concentrated BeefExtract. Used part: beef extract. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen andstomach, supplement qi and blood, moisten dryness and transformphlegm. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with marked emaciation,wind stroke with hemiplegia, phlegm-rheum and glomus accumulation.Isolated compounds: 1350, 3205, 3205, 4221, 10913, 22246, 22251,22756.T0984 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU DAN; OxGall. Used part: gall. TCM Effects: To clear liver and brighten eyes,disinhibit gallbladder and free intestines, resolve toxin and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Wind-heat red eye, jaundice, cough with

384profuse phlegm, infant fright wind, swollen welling abscess,constipation, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 8823, 22246.T0985 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU FEI; Ox Lung.Used part: lung. TCM Effects: To boost lung, relieve cough andasthma. TCM Indications: Lung vacuity, cough and counterflow.Isolated compounds: 14472.T0986 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU GAN; OxLiver. Used part: liver. TCM Effects: To nourish blood, supplementliver, brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with markedemaciation, anemia with yellow complexion, clear-eye blindness,night blindness, fright epilepsy. Isolated compounds: 6721.T0987 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU HUANG;Cow-bezoar (Ox-gallstone). Used part: gallstone. TCM Effects: Toclear heart and cool liver, clear heat and resolve toxin, lower bloodpressure. TCM Indications: Ardent fever, coma, fright epilepsy,convulsion, febrile diseases clouded spirit, wind stroke with orificeblock, acute infant fright wind, swelling pain in throat, mouth andtongue sores, welling abscess and flat abscess with clove sore. Isolatedcompounds: 2374, 2375, 3511, 3585, 3588, 5161, 7250, 8823, 12923,20732.T0988 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU NAO; OxBrain. Used part: brain. TCM Effects: To supplement brain and dispelwind, allay thirst, disperse glomus. TCM Indications: Head winddizziness, brain leak, diabetes mellitus, glomus qi. Isolated compounds:8753, 8770, 8771, 8773, 8774, 8775, 8781, 8783, 16478, 22353.T0989 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU RU; CowMilk. Used part: milk. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity detriment,boost lung and stomach, nourish blood, engender liquid and moistendryness, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation detriment,stomach reflux and dysphagia-occlusion, diabetes mellitus, anemiaand constipation, qi vacuity and dysentery, jaundice. Isolatedcompounds: 7853, 11083, 11084, 11085, 15528, 16214, 18261.T0990 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU SHEN; OxKidney. Used part: kidney. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney andboost essence, strengthen lumbus and knees, relieve pain due toimpediment. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with kidney depletion,impotence, limp aching lumbus and knees, damp impediment pain.Isolated compounds: 653, 880, 4096, 4097, 4887, 5163, 9937, 9986,15708.T0991 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU XUE; OxBlood. Used part: blood. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen andsupplement center, nourish blood and quicken blood. TCM Indications:Spleen vacuity and marked emaciation, amenorrhea, hematochezia,blood dysentery, incised wound. Isolated compounds: 4221, 4223,9338, 17984, 22246, 22251.T0992 Bos taurus domesticus; Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); NIU YE; OxThyroid. Used part: thyroid. TCM Effects: To disinhibit throat anddisperse goiter. TCM Indications: Throat impediment, qi goiter.Isolated compounds: 6186, 6187, 21175, 21867, 21868.T0993 Boschniakia rossica (Orobanchaceae); CAO CONG RONG; RussianBoschniakia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To supplementkidney and invigorate yang, moisten intestines and free stool, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity impotence, emission, coldpain in lumbus and knees, dribbling urination, hematuria, infertilitydue to uterus cold, vaginal discharge, flooding and spotting, intestinaldry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 2565, 2566, 4145, 4680,10470, 18927, 18928, 18929, 21688.T0994 Boswellia carterii (Anacardiaceae); RU XIANG; Olibanum. Used part:balsam. TCM Effects: To move qi and quicken blood, freemenstruation and relieve pain, disperse swelling and engender flesh.TCM Indications: Pain in heart and abdomen, wind-damp impedimentpain, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, stasis pain from knocks and falls,swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, intestinal wellingabscess, enduring sores. Isolated compounds: 440, 444, 2567, 2568,6482, 10341, 12197, 12843, 13091, 13772, 14112, 15220, 15706,17054, 21409, 21970.T0995 Boswellia ovalifoliolata (Anacardiaceae); TUO YUAN YE RUXIANG SHU; Ellipticleaf Olibanum*. Isolated compounds: 99, 16275,16276.T0996 Botryococcus braunii (Botryococcaceae); CONG LI ZAO. Isolatedcompounds: 13201, 13202, 13203, 13204, 13205, 13206, 13207,13208, 13209, 13210, 13211.T0997 Botryodiplodia theobromae tropical fungus Botryodiplodiatheobromae. Isolated compounds: 10269.T0998 Bouchardatia neurococca (Rutaceae); Union Nut. Isolated compounds:2569, 6112, 11769, 22381.T0999 Bougainvillea glabra (Nyctaginaceae); GUANG YE ZI HUA; NakedLeafyflower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andregulate menstruation, transform damp and check discharge. TCMIndications: Blood stasis and menstrual block, menstrual disorder , redand white vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 2321, 11251.T1000 Bowdichia spp. Isolated compounds: 3004.T1001 Brachystemma calycinum (Caryophyllaceae); DUAN BAN HUA;Shortpetalflower. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and transform stasis, free strangury and transformturbid, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Bloodstasis and dysmenorrhea, menstrual block, aberratio mensium,concretion and conglomeration with mass, heat strangury, bloodstrangury, white turbidity, leukorrhea, impediment pain into networkvessels, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, knocks and falls, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, nipple moth, diphtheria. Isolatedcompounds: 2578, 2579, 2580, 2581, 2582, 2583.T1002 Brackenridgea zanguebarica (Ochnaceae); SANG DAO BU SHI MU.Isolated compounds: 2985, 4045, 5551, 15916.T1003 Brandisia hancei (Scrophulariaceae); LAI JIANG TENG; HanceBrandisia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddisinhibit damp, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain in sinew and bone, edema, diarrhea, jaundice,taxation damage and blood ejection, medullitis, periostitis, sore andboil. Isolated compounds: 6073.T1004 Brasenia schreberi (Nymphaeaceae); CHUN; Common Watershield.Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and disperseedema, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heatdysentery, jaundice, edema, inhibited urination, heat toxin swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 8078, 9568, 22556.Brassica alba = Sinapis alba

385T1005 Brassica campestris [Syn. Brassica campestris var. oleifera](Brassicaceae); YUN TAI ZI; Bird Rape. Used part: seed. TCMEffects: To quicken blood and transform stasis, dissipate binds anddisperse swelling, moisten intestines and free stool. TCM Indications:Postpartum persistent flow of lochia, blood stasis and abdominal pain,dysmenorrhea, intestinal wind bleeding, blood dysentery, pain in jointsdue to rheumatalgia, swollen welling abscess, erysipelas, mammarywelling abscess, constipation. Isolated compounds: 2596, 3040, 3585,7291, 13861.T1006 Brassica chinensis (Brassicaceae); CHEN DONG CAI LU ZHI;Mature Winter-vegetable Spiced Juice. Used part: juice from wholeherb. TCM Effects: To eliminate vexation and heat, engender liquidand allay thirst, clear lung and transform phlegm, free intestines andstomach. TCM Indications: Phlegm fire cough, swelling pain in throat.Isolated compounds: 4031.Brassica hirta = Sinapis albaT1007 Brassica juncea (Brassicaceae); JIE CAI; India Mustard. Used part:tender stem and leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit lung and transformphlegm, disperse swelling and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Coldrheum cough, phlegm stagnation and qi counterflow, fullness andoppression in chest and diaphragm, sand strangury, stone strangury,gum swelling erosion, mammary welling abscess, swellinghemorrhoids, frostbite (kibe), lacquer sore. Isolated compounds: 2597,8599, 9863, 10598, 17117.T1008 Brassica juncea (Brassicaceae); JIE ZI; India Mustard Seed. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipate cold, break phlegmand disinhibit orifices, free network vessels and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Vomiting with stomach cold, pain in heart andabdomen, lung cold cough, impediment pain, throat impediment,flowing phlegm, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 949, 2294,2782, 2798, 2799, 8599, 10232, 11625, 14539, 14762, 16888, 17117,17125, 17903, 19912, 19917, 19935.T1009 Brassica napus (Brassicaceae); OW ZHOU YOU CAI; Rape. Isolatedcompounds: 2596, 2598, 2905, 3040, 6508, 6509, 6510, 8589, 12092,12094, 12095, 12096, 13861, 15400, 18411, 22036, 22037.T1010 Brassica napus var. napobrassica (Brassicaceae); WU JING GANLAN; Swede Seed. Isolated compounds: 8591, 8595, 8596, 14336.T1011 Brassica napus var. napus (Brassicaceae); YOU CAI ZI; Rapeseed*.Isolated compounds: 17903.T1012 Brassica nigra (Brassicaceae); HEI JIE; Black Mustard. Isolatedcompounds: 8599.T1013 Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae); YE JIE; Wild Cabbage. Isolatedcompounds: 19912, 21541.T1014 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (Brassicaceae); HUA YE CAI;Cauliflower. Isolated compounds: 8591, 8598.T1015 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis subvar. cauliflora (Brassicaceae); JINGHUA HUA YE CAI; Cauliflory Brassica*. Isolated compounds:15400.T1016 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis subvar. cymosa (Brassicaceae); JUSAN HUA YE CAI; Cymose Brassica*. Isolated compounds: 8752,15400.T1017 Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae); GAN LAN; Cabbage.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,dissipate binds and relieve pain, boost kidney and supplement vacuity.TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, pain from ulcer in digestivetract, stiffness in joints, vacuity detriment. Isolated compounds: 949,2782, 3551, 8589, 8595, 8598, 8752, 9614, 11026, 14728, 14730,17903, 22517, 22564.T1018 Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (Brassicaceae); BAO ZI GAN LAN;Brussels Sprout. Isolated compounds: 8589, 8595, 8598, 8752, 15400.T1019 Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes (Brassicaceae); PIE LAN;Kohl-rabi. Isolated compounds: 8598, 15400.T1020 Brassica oleracea var. sabauda (Brassicaceae); YU YI GAN LAN;Savoy Cabbage. Isolated compounds: 8598.T1021 Brassica rapa (Brassicaceae); WU QING; Turnip. Used part: root orleaf. TCM Effects: To disperse food and precipitate qi, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Indigestion of overnight food,cold pain in heart and abdomen, cough, swollen welling abscess andtoxin of clove. Isolated compounds: 2596, 11655.T1022 Brassica rutabaga (Brassicaceae); RUI DIAN GAN LAN; SwedishTurnip. Isolated compounds: 13212.T1023 Bredia tuberculata (Melastomataceae); HONG MAO YE HAI TANG;Tuberculate Bredia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and regulate menstruation.Isolated compounds: 15641, 15642.T1024 Brenania brieyi . Isolated compounds: 8065.T1025 Bretschneidera sinensis (Bretschneideraceae); BO LE SHU; ChineseBretschneidera. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To quicken blood anddispel wind. TCM Indications: Pain in sinews and bones. Isolatedcompounds: 17399.T1026 Breynia officinalis (Euphorbiaceae); YAO YONG HEI MIAN SHENYE; Medicinal Breynia Leaf*. Isolated compounds: 1618, 2329, 2607,2608, 2609, 2610, 2611, 2612, 7695, 11682, 18877, 22126.T1027 Brickellia arguta var. odontolepis JIAN CHI BU LI KE ER CAO.Isolated compounds: 16726, 16729.T1028 Bridelia retusa (Euphorbiaceae); SI LI LAN KA TU MI SHU;Sri-Lankan Bridelia. Isolated compounds: 6390, 6391, 6392, 6393,11322, 19777.T1029 Brodiaea california (Liliaceae); Triplet Lily. Isolated compounds: 4295,4300.T1030 Brosimum acutifolium (Moraceae); JIAN YE BAO SHI MU. Isolatedcompounds: 2626, 2627.T1031 Broussonetia kazinoki (Moraceae); XIAO GOU SHU; KazinokiPapermulberry. Used part: whole herb or root, root cortex. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, edema, welling abscess and boil, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 2636, 2637, 2638, 2639, 2640, 2641,2642, 2643, 2644, 2645, 2646, 2652, 2653, 2654, 2655, 2656, 12188,12189.T1032 Broussonetia papyrifera (Moraceae); GOU SHU; CommonPapermulberry. Used part: branch. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,brighten eyes, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Wind papules, redeyes with gall, inhibited urination [=dysuria]. Isolated compounds: 51,846, 1397, 1402, 1764, 2172, 2629, 2630, 2635, 2650, 2651, 4108,5086, 5746, 5894, 6001, 6088, 6102, 6103, 7485, 8141, 8262, 8262,

38610445, 10506, 11490, 12681, 13571, 14956, 14961, 14962, 14964,15279, 18643, 20326, 21086, 21116, 21117, 21128, 21151.T1033 Broussonetia papyrifera (Simaroubaceae); GOU SHU BAI PI;Common Papermulberry Bast*. Used part: endoderm bark. TCMEffects: To disinhibit water, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Inhibited urination [=dysuria], edema distention fullness,hematochezia, flooding and spotting [= metrorrhagia and metrostaxis].Isolated compounds: 2629, 2630, 2631, 2632, 12186, 12187.T1034 Broussonetia papyrifera (Simaroubaceae); GOU SHU GEN; CommonPapermulberry Root*. Used part: tender root or root cortex. TCMEffects: To cool blood and dissipate stasis, clear heat and disinhibitdamp. TCM Indications: Cough with blood ejection, flooding andspotting [= metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], edema, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 2633, 2634.T1035 Broussonetia papyrifera (Moraceae); GOU SHU GUO; CommonPapermulberry Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To enrich yin andsupplement kidney, clear liver and brighten eyes, fortify spleen anddisinhibit water. TCM Indications: Limp aching lumbus and knees dueto kidney vacuity, impotence, dim vision, eye screen, edema, scanturine. Isolated compounds: 2628, 2647, 2648, 2649, 17403.T1036 Brucea amarissima (Simaroubaceae); KU YA DAN ZI; Bitter Brucea*.Isolated compounds: 2664, 2665, 2667, 11860, 11861, 11862, 11863.T1037 Brucea antidysenterica (Simaroubaceae); KANG LI YA DAN ZI;Antidysenteric Brucea*. Isolated compounds: 2660, 2661, 2662,22875.T1038 Brucea javanica [Syn. Brucea sumatrana; Rhus javanica](Simaroubaceae); YA DAN ZI; Java Brucea. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To clear heat and dry damp, resolve toxin and kill worms.TCM Indications: Malaria, amebic dysentery, dysentery with pus andblood, tenesmus, corn and common wart. Isolated compounds: 748,1424, 1441, 2616, 2659, 2660, 2661, 2662, 2663, 2664, 2665, 2666,2667, 2668, 2669, 2670, 2671, 2672, 2673, 2674, 2675, 2676, 2677,2684, 3829, 4680, 6193, 7398, 7824, 7931, 9486, 11427, 11852, 11853,11854, 11855, 11856, 11857, 11858, 11859, 12891, 13143, 13286,16066, 19692, 19693, 20280, 22857, 22858, 22859, 22860, 22861,22862, 22863, 22864, 22865, 22866, 22867, 22868, 22869, 22870,22871, 22872, 22873, 22874, 22875.T1039 Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Rhizophoraceae); MU LAN (3) ; CommonBruguiera. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin andinterrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Malaria. Isolated compounds:2680, 2681, 2682, 3548, 5929, 5933, 5937, 9864, 10277, 10281,10559, 10625, 12171, 12177, 12180, 14304, 14305, 21757.T1040 Bruguiera parviflora (Rhizophoraceae); XIAO HUA MU LAN GUO;Smallflower Bruguiera Fruit*. Isolated compounds: 2910, 2911, 4168,6451, 13097, 13098.T1041 Brunsvigia radulosa (Amaryllidaceae); BU LANG WEI JI. Isolatedcompounds: 472, 1276, 1532.T1042 Bryonia alba (Cucurbitaceae); BAI XIE GEN; White Bryony. Isolatedcompounds: 4317, 4319, 4320, 4323, 4324, 4327.T1043 Bryophyllum pinnatum (Crassulaceae); LUO DI SHENG GEN;Air-plant. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool bloodand stanch bleeding, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Blood ejection, bleeding due to external injury, knocks and falls,swollen welling abscess and clove sores, mammary welling abscess,mammary rock, erysipelas, ulcer, scalds, stomachache, pain in joints,swelling pain in throat, lung heat cough. Isolated compounds: 1110,1113, 1935, 2688, 2689, 2690, 2691, 2692, 2693, 16028, 18408,22223.T1044 Bryum argenteum (Bryaceae); ZHEN XIAN. Used part: plant body.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Bacillary dysentery, jaundice, nasosinusitis, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, burns and scalds, spontaneousexternal bleeding, coughing of blood. Isolated compounds: 11705.T1045 Bubalus bubalis (Bovidae); SHUI NIU JIAO; Buffalo Horn. Used part:horn. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin, cool blood, settlefright. TCM Indications: Headache due to febrile disease, ardent feverwith clouded spirit, macular eruption and papules, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, stasis heat yellowing, infant frightwind, swelling pain in throat, mouth and tongue sores. Isolatedcompounds: 9067.T1046 Buddleja davidii (Loganiaceae); DA YE ZUI YU CAO; OrangeeyeButterflybush. Used part: branchlet-leaf, root cortex. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and dissipate cold, quicken blood and relieve pain, resolvetoxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-cold cough, impedimentpain, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil,pudendal itch of women, leprosy, foot lichen. Isolated compounds:2125, 2697, 3245, 11529, 11885, 12725, 17509.T1047 Buddleja globosa (Loganiaceae); QIU HUA ZUI YU CAO;Orange-ball-tree. Isolated compounds: 580, 14222.T1048 Buddleja officinalis (Loganiaceae); MI MENG HUA; PaleButterflybush. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat andnourish liver, eliminate screen and brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Red eyes with gall, delacrimation and photophobia, liver vacuity dimvision, dim vision, malaria. Isolated compounds: 56, 61, 580, 1476,13137, 13887, 14866, 14867, 15347.T1049 Bufo bufo gargarizans; Bufo melanostictus (Bufonidae); CHAN CHU;Toad. Used part: whole body. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin anddissipate binds, disperse accumulation and disinhibit water, kill wormsand disperse gan. TCM Indications: Welling abscess and flat abscess,clove sore, effusion of back, scrofula, malign sore, concretion andaccumulation, ascites, edema, child gan accumulation, tetanus, chroniccough and asthma. Isolated compounds: 2715, 2716, 2726, 2728, 3729,9329, 18637.T1050 Bufo bufo gargarizans; Bufo melanostictus (Bufonidae); CHAN CHUDAN; Toad Gall. Used part: gall. TCM Effects: To suppress cough anddispel phlegm, resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications:Trachitis, child aphonia, scrofula in early stage, clove sore of nose.Isolated compounds: 2719, 7730, 16841, 21138, 21692, 21693, 21696,21754.T1051 Bufo bufo gargarizans; Bufo melanostictus (Bufonidae); CHAN PI;Toad Skin. Used part: skin. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, disinhibit water and disperse distention. TCM Indications:Welling abscess and flat abscess, toxin swelling, scrofula, eczema, ganaccumulation, chronic trachitis. Isolated compounds: 2724, 8122,18637, 21841.T1052 Bufo bufo gargarizans; Bufo melanostictus (Bufonidae); CHAN SU;

387Toad Skin Secretion Cake. Used part: dried secretion of skin glands.TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, relieve pain, open orifices and arousespirit. TCM Indications: Welling abscess and flat abscess with clovesores, swelling pain in throat, summerheat stroke with vomiting anddiarrhea, abdominal pain and clouded spirit, local anesthesia. Isolatedcompounds: 653, 1048, 1664, 2714, 2715, 2716, 2717, 2718, 2721,2722, 2723, 2726, 2727, 3040, 3585, 3729, 3730, 3731, 3732, 3733,4884, 5237, 5238, 5239, 7190, 7191, 7192, 7193, 7912, 8121, 8123,9859, 9861, 9904, 9917, 9918, 9993, 10672, 10673, 13566, 14981,16296, 16312, 16329, 18636, 18637, 18638, 19760, 19983, 20439,20911, 22058.T1053 Bulbophyllum odoratissimum [Syn. Stelis odoratissimum](Orchidaceae); MI HUA SHI DOU LAN; Flowery Stonebean-orchis.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To moisten lung and transformphlegm, free network vessels and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Tuberculosis and hemoptysis, chronic trachitis, chronic pharyngitis,mounting qi pain, menstrual disorder, wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 17399.T1054 Bulbophyllum vaginatum (Orchidaceae); QIAO SHI DOU LAN;Vaginate Stonebean-orchis*. Isolated compounds: 2398, 10504, 13911,13913, 14050, 14051.T1055 Bupleurum angustissimum (Apiaceae); XIAN YE CHAI HU;Linearleaf Thorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurumchinense. TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolatedcompounds: 15218, 19142, 19148.T1056 Bupleurum aureum (Apiaceae); JIN HUANG CHAI HU;Goldenyellow Thorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeBupleurum chinense. TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense.Isolated compounds: 20168.T1057 Bupleurum bicaule ZHUI YE CHAI HU; Acicular Thorowax. Isolatedcompounds: 19142, 19148.T1058 Bupleurum chaishoui (Apiaceae); CHAI SHOU; Chaishou Thorowax.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurum chinense. TCMIndications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolated compounds: 15705,16893.T1059 Bupleurum chinense (Apiaceae); CHAI HU; Chinese Thorowax.Equivalent plant: Bupleurum scorzonerifolium, Bupleurum smithii var.parvifolium, Bupleurum aureum, Bupleurum longiradiatum,Bupleurum marginatum, Bupleurum marginatum var. stenophyllum,Bupleurum angustissimum, Bupleurum chaishoui, Bupleurumwenchuanense, Bupleurum sibiricum, Bupleurum yinchowense. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To harmonize exterior and interior, sootheliver and upbear yang. TCM Indications: Common cold, influenza,malaria, acute pancreatitis, pleuritis, neuritis, gastritis, acutecholecystitis, hepatitis, fever due to external contraction, keratitis,cold-heat in turn, liver depression and rib-side pain, mammarydistention, dizziness and headache, menstrual disorder, prolapse ofrectum due to qi vacuity fall, prolapse of uterus, gastroptosis. Isolatedcompounds: 645, 1191, 3139, 3140, 3237, 4305, 6795, 7521, 8312,9021, 9402, 9415, 9486, 9669, 11642, 12018, 12800, 12843, 12849,12893, 12955, 12969, 12980, 14275, 15146, 15218, 15221, 15684,15694, 15705, 15971, 15982, 16884, 17021, 17022, 17089, 18190,19130, 19131, 19133, 19134, 19135, 19142, 19147, 19148, 19157,19158, 19161, 19162, 19164, 19165, 19166, 20168, 20280, 20369,20370, 20995, 21139, 21360, 21610, 22217, 22337.T1060 Bupleurum falcatum (Apiaceae); ZI HU; Sickle-leaved Hare’s-ear.Isolated compounds: 502, 2753, 2754, 2755, 2756, 10685, 10686,10687, 11584, 13448, 13449, 17081, 17082, 19132, 19142, 19143,19144, 19145, 19148, 19149, 20169, 21139.T1061 Bupleurum fruticescens (Apiaceae); MU CHAI HU; FruticoseThorowax*. Isolated compounds: 19540.T1062 Bupleurum fruticosum (Apiaceae); GUAN MU CHAI HU; ShrubThoroughwax (Shrubby Hare’s-ear). Isolated compounds: 214, 6288,21142, 21728, 21784, 21930.T1063 Bupleurum gibraltaricum (Apiaceae); ZHI BU LUO TUO CAI HU;Gibraltar Thorowax*. Isolated compounds: 21141, 21728.T1064 Bupleurum kunmingense (Apiaceae); KUN MING CHAI HU;Kunming Thorowax*. Isolated compounds: 19146, 21140, 21821,21823.T1065 Bupleurum longiradiatum (Apiaceae); DA YE CHAI HU; BigleafThorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurum chinense.TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolated compounds: 340,2752, 2757, 2758, 19148, 20168.T1066 Bupleurum marginatum (Apiaceae); ZHU YE CHAI HU; BambooleafThorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurum chinense.TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolated compounds:14087, 15218, 17941, 19142, 19144, 19147, 19148, 19149.T1067 Bupleurum marginatum var. stenophyllum (Apiaceae); ZHAI ZHU YECHAI HU; Narrowbambooleaf Thorowax. Used part: root. TCMEffects: See Bupleurum chinense. TCM Indications: See Bupleurumchinense. Isolated compounds: 498, 14087, 15218, 15705, 19140,19141, 19144, 19145.T1068 Bupleurum polyclonum (Apiaceae); DUO ZHI CHAI HU; RamoseThorowax*. Isolated compounds: 19143, 19149, 21140, 21821, 21823.T1069 Bupleurum rigidum (Apiaceae); JIAN YING CHAI HU; Thorowax.Isolated compounds: 19245, 19246, 19247, 19248, 19249.T1070 Bupleurum rockii (Apiaceae); LI JIAMH CHAI HU; Rock Thorowax.Isolated compounds: 19143, 19149.T1071 Bupleurum rotundifolium (Apiaceae); YUAN YE CHAI HU;Roundleaf Thorowax*. Isolated compounds: 11642, 17918, 18944,18945, 18946, 18947, 18948, 18949, 18950, 18951, 18952, 18953,18956, 18957.T1072 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium (Apiaceae); HONG CHAI HU; RedThorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurum chinense.TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolated compounds: 501,503, 1763, 3045, 3451, 3531, 4029, 5543, 6741, 7519, 7729, 7750,9500, 9669, 10829, 11318, 11470, 12106, 12604, 15331, 15705, 16216,16705, 19137, 19138, 19139, 19142, 19147, 19148, 19159, 19160,19162, 19163, 19164, 19167, 19515, 19563, 19564, 19565, 20989,20993, 20994, 21190, 22718.T1073 Bupleurum sibiricum (Apiaceae); XING AN CHAI HU; SiberiaThorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurum chinense.TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolated compounds:17805.T1074 Bupleurum smithii (Apiaceae); HEI CHAI HU; Black Thorowax.Isolated compounds: 19136, 19142, 19143, 19147, 19148, 19150,

38819151, 19152, 19153, 21139.T1075 Bupleurum smithii var. parvifolium (Apiaceae); XIAO YE HEI CHAIHU; Smallleaf Black Thorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeBupleurum chinense. TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense.Isolated compounds: 15218, 19134, 19135, 19136, 19142, 19148,19154, 19155, 19156.T1076 Bupleurum spinosum (Apiaceae); DUO CI CHAI HU; SpinyThorowax*. Isolated compounds: 16857.T1077 Bupleurum spp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 19142, 19147,19148.T1078 Bupleurum wenchuanense (Apiaceae); WEN CHUAN CHAI HU;Wenchuan Thorowax*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurumchinense. TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolatedcompounds: 499, 500, 5346, 8730, 17942, 21140, 21821, 21823,22840.T1079 Bupleurum yinchowense (Apiaceae); YIN ZHOU CHAI HU; YinchowThorowax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Bupleurum chinense.TCM Indications: See Bupleurum chinense. Isolated compounds:19142, 19143, 19148.T1080 Bursera graveolens (Burseraceae); LIE WEI LIE LAN; Bursera*.Isolated compounds: 2769, 6954, 13098, 17343.T1081 Bursera microphylla (Burseraceae); XIAO YE LIE LAN; ElephantTree. Isolated compounds: 1372, 2768.T1082 Bursera tonkinensis (Burseraceae); YUE NAN LIE LAN; TonkinBursera*. Isolated compounds: 2765, 2766, 2767, 5074, 5075, 5582,10446, 11477, 13907.T1083 Butea monosperma (Fabaceae); DAN ZI ZI MAO; Bengal Kino.Isolated compounds: 2786.T1084 Buthus martensi (Buthidae); QUAN XIE; Scorpion. Used part: body.TCM Effects: To calm, dispel wind and check tetany, free networkvessels and relieve pain, attack toxin and dissipate binds. TCMIndications: Infant fright wind, convulsion, spasm, wind stroke withdeviated eyes and mouth, hemiplegia, tetanus, wind-damp impediment,migraine, headache, toothache, deafness, hypertension, swelling toxinof welling abscess and sore, scrofula with phlegm node, snake bite,burns, wind papules, intractable lichen. Isolated compounds: 3585,9486, 20280, 20732, 21939.T1085 Buxus argentea (Buxaceae); YIN BAI HUANG YANG; ArgentineBox*. Isolated compounds: 4543.T1086 Buxus balearica (Buxaceae); XI BAN YA HUANG YANG; BalearicBox. Isolated compounds: 4531.T1087 Buxus bodinieri (Buxaceae); QUE SHE HUANG YANG; BodinierBox. Used part: root, leaf or flowe. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, suppress cough, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Cough, coughing of blood, toxin swelling of sores. Isolatedcompounds: 2818, 2819, 2820, 2821, 2822.T1088 Buxus harlandii (Buxaceae); XI YE HUANG YANG; Harland Box.Isolated compounds: 4477.T1089 Buxus hyrcana (Buxaceae); HE KA NI YA HUANG YANG;Hyrcanian Box*. Isolated compounds: 2233, 4477, 11291, 21374.T1090 Buxus malaiana (Buxaceae); MA LAI XI YA HUANG YANG;Malaysian Box*. Isolated compounds: 4531, 4543.T1091 Buxus microphylla (Buxaceae); XIAO YE HUANG YANG;Small-leaved Box. Isolated compounds: 4477, 4543.T1092 Buxus microphylla var. sinica (Buxaceae); HUANG YANG MU YE;Chinese Box Juvenile Leaf. Used part: tender leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate binds and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, qi distention in chestand abdomen, mounting qi, toothache, painful wound from knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 2817, 2831, 2832, 4502, 4544, 11702.T1093 Buxus papillosa (Buxaceae); DUO RU TOU HUANG YANG;Papillose Box*. Isolated compounds: 2813, 2814, 2815, 4516, 4532,4542, 19696.T1094 Buxus sempervirens (Buxaceae); JIN SHU HUANG YANG; EuropeanBoxwood. Isolated compounds: 2191, 2816, 4477, 4531, 4543.T1095 Buxus wallichiana (Buxaceae); WA LI XI HUANG YANG; HimalayanBox. Isolated compounds: 4477, 4543.CT1096 Cabucala fasciculata CU SHENG KA BU MU. Isolated compounds:22502.T1097 Cacalia ainsliaeflora (Asteraceae); TU ER FENG XIE JIA CAO;Ainsliaefolious Cacalia. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: To dissipatestasis, resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-damp edema,innominate toxin swelling, lai lichen. Isolated compounds: 1215, 1217,1218, 1222, 1227, 1231, 5356, 21827.T1098 Cacospongia scalaris . Isolated compounds: 6113.T1099 Cadia spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004.T1100 Caesalpinia crista (Fabaceae); CI GUO SU MU; NickernutCaesalpinia. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andrelieve pain, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Stomach duck pain, abdominal pain, red eyes with gall, sores. Isolatedcompounds: 137, 138, 2862, 2865, 2870, 2871, 2872, 2873, 2874,2875, 2876, 2877, 2878, 2879, 2880, 2881, 2882, 2883, 2884, 2885,15349, 15350, 15722, 15723.T1101 Caesalpinia decapetala (Fabaceae); YUN SHI YE; Caesalpinia*. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispel stasisand relieve pain, expel worms, free stool. TCM Indications: Intervallicfever, acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, dysentery,indigestion, intestinal worm accumulation, constipation, swollen boil.Isolated compounds: 1935, 2860, 3243, 13098, 18317, 18643, 20137,20237, 20369.T1102 Caesalpinia digyna (Fabaceae); ER CI YUN SHI; Digyna Caesalpinia*.Isolated compounds: 2312.T1103 Caesalpinia echinata (Fabaceae); JI YUN SHI; Brazil-wood. Isolatedcompounds: 2594.T1104 Caesalpinia japonica (Fabaceae); RI BEN SU MU; JapaneseCaesalpinia*. Isolated compounds: 17988.T1105 Caesalpinia major (Fabaceae); DA YUN SHI; Large Caesalpinia*.Isolated compounds: 2862.T1106 Caesalpinia minax (Fabaceae); KU SHI LIAN; WhiteflowerCaesalpinia. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat andtransform damp. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold,dysentery, strangury-turbidity, retching counterflow, swollen wellingabscess, sore and lichen, knocks and falls, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 2863, 2864, 2865, 2866, 2867, 2868, 2869,

38920369.T1107 Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Fabaceae); JI MEI YUN SHI; PrettiestCaesalpinia. Isolated compounds: 2244, 2283, 2861, 3244, 3708, 6263,10748, 11258, 11777, 11778, 11779, 11780.T1108 Caesalpinia sappan (Fabaceae); SU MU; Sappan Caesalpinia. Usedpart: heartwood. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dispel stasis,disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea anddysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, stabbing pain in chest andabdomen, swelling pain due to external injury. Isolated compounds:2594, 5195, 5211, 5212, 8095, 9337, 10177, 14099, 14159, 14402,14403, 14700, 14720, 14721, 15451, 15457, 15935, 17985, 17986,17987, 17988, 17989, 17990, 17991, 19346, 19347, 19347, 19348,19348, 21033.T1109 Caesalpinia tinctoria (Fabaceae); SE ZE YUN SHI; TinctorialCaesalpinia*. Isolated compounds: 2108.T1110 Calceolaria inamoena (Scrophulariaceae); BU MEI HE BAO HUA;Chile Calceolaria*. Isolated compounds: 10073, 10074, 10075, 10076.T1111 Calea urticifolia (Compositae); YOU KA MEI JU; Juanislama (inSalvador). Isolated compounds: 2956, 2957, 2958, 2964, 7060, 7153,11895.T1112 Calendula arvensis (Asteraceae); XIAO JIN ZHAN HUA; FieldMarigold. Used part: whole herb or flower. TCM Effects: To clear heatand stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Intestinal wind bleeding,bleeding from hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 1828, 3211.T1113 Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae); JIN ZHAN JU; PotmarigoldCalendula. Used part: flower and root. TCM Effects: To move qi andquicken blood (root), cool blood and stanch bleeding (flower). TCMIndications: Cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, mounting qi,concretion and conglomeration (root), intestinal wind bleeding(flower). Isolated compounds: 1749, 1829, 2965, 2966, 2967, 2968,2969, 2970, 2971, 2972, 2973, 2974, 3866, 7821, 9588, 10948, 11659,11662, 11667, 11669, 12980, 13212, 13287, 13479, 14233, 14980,16015, 16016, 16017, 16018, 16041, 18190, 18378, 18378, 19039,22154, 22520.T1114 Calendula sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 15135.T1115 Calliandra inermis (Fabaceae); WU CI ZHU YING HUA; SpinelessPowderpuff*. Isolated compounds: 6240, 21182, 21186.T1116 Callicarpa arborea (Verbenaceae); QIAO MU ZI ZHU; TreeBeautyberry. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To cool blood andstanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Bleeding due to external injury,bleeding of digestive tract, spontaneous external bleeding, floodingand spotting. Isolated compounds: 2169, 14158, 19994.T1117 Callicarpa candicans (Verbenaceae); BAI MAO ZI ZHU; WhitehairyBeautyberry. Isolated compounds: 2976.T1118 Callicarpa formosana (Verbenaceae); DU HONG HUA; TaiwanBeautyberry. Equivalent plant: Callicarpa japonica. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To promote contraction and stanch bleeding, clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Hemoptysis, retching blood,spontaneous external bleeding, gum hemorrhage, bloody urine, bloodystool, flooding and spotting, purpuric dermatosis, bleeding due toexternal injury, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess,poisonous snake bites, burns. Isolated compounds: 580, 16867.T1119 Callicarpa japonica (Verbenaceae); RI BEN ZI ZHU; JapaneseBeautyberry. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Callicarpa formosana.TCM Indications: See Callicarpa formosana. Isolated compounds:21202.T1120 Callicarpa macrophylla (Verbenaceae); DA YE ZI ZHU; BigleafBeautyberry. Used part: root or leaf. TCM Effects: To stanch bleedingand relieve pain, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Hemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding, bleeding dueto external injury, bleeding from dental extraction, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, wind-damp bone pain. Isolated compounds:1494, 2979, 2980.T1121 Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana (Cupressaceae); TAI WANCUI BAI; Taiwan Incense Cedar. Isolated compounds: 5806, 6092,7886, 7887, 7888, 10696, 11563, 14069, 15146, 15513, 15891, 15892,15896, 15897, 20628.T1122 Caloglossa leprieurii (Delesseriaceae); ZHE GU CAI; LeprieurCaloglossa Frond. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To expelroundworm. TCM Indications: Ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 936,3585.T1123 Calophyllum austroindium (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2989,21122.T1124 Calophyllum blancoi (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 335, 1470,1471, 1472, 2997, 9857, 11086, 11230, 11231, 11232, 11645, 18251,18562.T1125 Calophyllum brasiliense (Clusiaceae); BA XI HU TONG; BrazilianCalaba. Isolated compounds: 2590, 2591, 2592, 2593, 6011, 11262,11263, 11264, 11808.T1126 Calophyllum caledonicum (Clusiaceae); SU GE LAN HU TONG;Caledonian Beautyleaf*. Isolated compounds: 1470, 2961, 2962, 2963,2988, 3001, 5844, 6181, 10463, 10464, 10831, 10832, 11230, 11303,13808, 21790.T1127 Calophyllum cordato-oblongum (Clusiaceae); CHANG YUAN XINXING HU TONG; Cordate-oblong Beautyleaf*. Isolated compounds:4038, 11341.T1128 Calophyllum dispar (Clusiaceae); BU DENG HONG HOU KE;Disparate Beautyleaf*. Isolated compounds: 6513, 6514, 6515, 6516,11380, 13465, 13466.T1129 Calophyllum inophyllum (Clusiaceae); HAI TANG GUO; Kalofilum.Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel stasis and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain, knocks and falls, dysmenorrhea,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2590, 2694, 2945,2989, 2990, 2991, 2998, 2999, 3000, 5184, 5184, 6181, 7951, 9857,11064, 11065, 11066, 11070, 11071, 11072, 11073, 11074, 11075,11076, 11077, 11078, 11079, 11080, 11086, 11464, 11808, 13809,17718.T1130 Calophyllum polyanthum (Clusiaceae); DIAN NAN HONG HOU KE;S. Yunnan Beautyleaf. Used part: Seed. Isolated compounds: 2942,2992, 2993, 2994, 2995, 4680, 5763, 5963, 6202, 8095, 10382, 16209,19983, 22270.T1131 Calophyllum sp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11808.T1132 Calophyllum spp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6181.T1133 Calophyllum teysmannii (Clusiaceae); TE SI MAN NI HU TONG;Teysmanni Beautyleaf*. Isolated compounds: 20109.T1134 Calophyllum teysmannii var. inophylloide (Clusiaceae); TE SI MAN

390NI HU TONG BIAN ZHONG; Teysmanni Beautyleaf Variaty*.Isolated compounds: 3163, 10757, 10805, 10806, 12607, 19567,21232, 21937.T1135 Calophyllum tomentosum (Clusiaceae); RONG MAO HU TONG;Tomentose Calaba. Isolated compounds: 21438, 21439.T1136 Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae); CHANG NIU JIAO GUA; LongCalotrope*. Isolated compounds: 17870, 22280.T1137 Caltha palustris (Ranunculaceae); MA TI YE; Common Marsharigold.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To expel wind, resolvesummerheat, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Wind damage common cold, summerheat stroke with sand, knocksand falls, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 1178, 1179, 4123,4293, 4680, 9259, 9276, 9330, 13374, 15477, 15527, 16576, 19542,19983, 22195.T1138 Caltha polypetala (Ranunculaceae); DUO BAN LV TI CAO;Manypetal Marshmarigold . Isolated compounds: 8067, 8068.T1139 Calycanthus floridus (Calycanthaceae); MEI GUO XIA LA MEI;Carolina Allspice. Isolated compounds: 3002, 7481.T1140 Calycanthus occidentalis (Calycanthaceae); JIA ZHOU XIA LA MEI;Californian Allspice. Isolated compounds: 3002.T1141 Calycophyllum spruceanum (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 376,5477, 13905, 19636, 21376.T1142 Calycopteris floribunda (Combretaceae); E CHI TENG. Isolatedcompounds: 3003, 3008, 3009, 5051, 6871, 6872.T1143 Calystegia hederacea (Convolvulaceae); MIAN GEN TENG; IvyGlorybind. Used part: herb or root. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen,disinhibit damp, regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Strangury,vaginal discharge, menstrual disorder, child gan accumulation.Isolated compounds: 3939.T1144 Camassia leichtlinii (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 8653, 8654,8655, 8687, 8721, 8722, 10716, 10717, 10718, 10719, 10720, 10721.T1145 Camellia japonica (Theaceae); SHAN CHA; Japanese Camellia. Usedpart: flower. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding,dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hemoptysis, hematochezia,bleeding from hemorrhoids, red and white dysentery, flooding, bloodstrangury, vaginal discharge, scalds, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3036, 3037, 6853, 13546, 16765, 20910.T1146 Camellia oleifera (Theaceae); CHA ZI XIN; Oiltea Camellia. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To soothe stagnation and move qi. TCMIndications: Qi stagnation with abdominal pain and diarrhea, itchy skin,burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 2151, 3030, 3031, 3032, 3033,3034, 8769, 10096, 21281.T1147 Camellia oleifera (Theaceae); YOU CHA GEN PI; Oiltea CamelliaRoot-bark. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasisand disperse swelling, quicken blood and joint bones. TCMIndications: Fracture, sprain and contusion, abdominal pain, itchy skin,burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 8769, 21281.T1148 Camellia saluenensis (Theaceae); NU JIANG SHAN CHA; SalwinCamellia. Used part: leaf and tender gemma. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit urine. Isolated compounds: 19199.T1149 Camellia sasanqua (Theaceae); CHA MEI; Sasanqua Camellia.Isolated compounds: 10096.T1150 Camellia sinensis [Syn. Thea sinensis] (Theaceae); CHA HUA; TeaFlower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear lung and calm liver.TCM Indications: Gan of nose, hypertension. Isolated compounds:17617.T1151 Camellia sinensis [Syn. Thea sinensis] (Theaceae); CHA SHU GEN;Tea Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To strengthen heart anddisinhibit urine, quicken blood and regulate menstruation, clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Edema due to heart disease,hepatitis, dysmenorrhea, toxin swelling of sores, mouth sore, burnsand scalds, zoster, psoriasis. Isolated compounds: 2892, 7807, 7820.T1152 Camellia sinensis [Syn. Thea sinensis] (Theaceae); CHA YE; CommonTea. Used part: tender leaf or tender bud. TCM Effects: To clear headand eyes, eliminate vexation and allay thirst, disperse food, transformphlegm, disinhibit urine, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Headache,dim vision, red eyes, desire to sleep, common cold, vexation and thirst,food accumulation, bad breath, phlegm asthma, epilepsy, inhibitedurination, diarrhea, throat swelling, swelling of sores and boils, burnsand scalds. Isolated compounds: 2285, 2892, 3035, 3038, 3039, 3308, 3551,3761, 4439, 5018, 5022, 5608, 6384, 6853, 6864, 6921, 6922, 6923,8025, 8098, 9413, 9414, 9416, 9417, 9526, 11025, 11642, 11740,11824, 12203, 14649, 14671, 15963, 17100, 17115, 18274, 19185,20995, 21282, 21290, 21291, 21310, 21312, 21949, 21966, 22756.T1153 Camellia sinensis [Syn. Thea sinensis] (Theaceae); CHA ZI; Tea Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To downbear fire, transform phlegmand calm asthma. TCM Indications: Phlegm-heat cough, ringing inhead. Isolated compounds: 21281, 21283, 21284, 21285, 21286, 21287,21288, 21289.T1154 Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Theaceae); PU ER CHA; Assam Tea.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To engender liquid and allay thirst,expel phlegm and precipitate qi. TCM Indications: Sand qi abdominalpain, cholera, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 1235, 1236, 1237, 1915,1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 5243, 7832, 15279, 17884, 22061,22062, 22063.T1155 Camellia sinensis var. viridis (Theaceae); WU LONG CHA; OolongTea. Isolated compounds: 16124, 16125, 21280.T1156 Campanula medium (Campanulaceae); FENG LING CAO;Canterburybells. Isolated compounds: 12939.T1157 Campanula rotundifolia (Campanulaceae); YUAN YE FENG LINGCAO; Harebell. Isolated compounds: 21644.T1158 Campanula sp. (Campanulaceae). Isolated compounds: 7944.T1159 Campomanesia lineatifolia (Myrtaceae); Champa; Palillo (in localnames). Isolated compounds: 3472, 3473, 3474.T1160 Campsis grandiflora (Bignoniaceae); ZI WEI; ChineseTrumpetcreeper. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat andcool blood, transform stasis and dissipate binds, dispel wind andrelieve itch. TCM Indications: Blood stagnation and menstrual block,dysmenorrhea, concretion and conglomeration, flooding and spotting,wind papule itching due to blood heat, urticari with sore and scab,brandy nose. Isolated compounds: 1476, 16050.T1161 Campsis grandiflora (Bignoniaceae); ZI WEI JING YE; ChineseTrumpetcreeper Stem-leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat, cool blood, dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Wind due toblood heat, itchy body, wind papules, limp aching numbness in limbs,

391swelling pain in throat. Isolated compounds: 2839, 2840, 2841, 2842,9878, 15284, 20897.T1162 Camptotheca acuminata (Nyssaceae); XI SHU; Common Camptotheac.Used part: fruit or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dissipate binds and disperse concretion, anticancer. TCM Indications:Acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, psoriasis, swollen liver and spleendue to bilharziosis, carcinoma of esophagus, carcinoma of cardia,carcinoma of intestine, carcinoma of liver, carcinoma of stomach,swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 341, 1935, 2334, 3053, 5157,7896, 7971, 8291, 8667, 9882, 9883, 10887, 11642, 13831, 13863,13864, 14139, 14365, 14366, 14377, 15880, 18199, 18317, 20391,21634, 21955, 21961, 22496.Campylandra wattii = Tupistra wattiiT1163 Campylotropis hirtella (Fabaceae); MAO HANG ZI SHAO; HairyClovereshrub. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andregulate menstruation, rectify qi and relieve pain, clear heat anddisinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder, amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea, vaginal discharge, dysentery, pain in stomach duct,bleeding due to external injury, yellow-water sore, burns and scalds.Isolated compounds: 17869, 17876, 17888, 17893.T1164 Cananga odorata (Annonaceae); YI LAN; Fragrant Gananga. Isolatedcompounds: 3060, 4284, 7515, 7516, 11421, 11690, 22920.T1165 Canarium album (Burseraceae); QING GUO; Olive. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit throat, engender liquid, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, cough, vexation andthirst, poisoning of fish or crab. Isolated compounds: 1110, 2602, 3231,7481, 8095, 16039, 22265, 22266.T1166 Canarium commune (Burseraceae); ZHAO WA GAN LAN; JavaAlmond Canary-tree. Isolated compounds: 6745.T1167 Canarium sp. (Burseraceae). Isolated compounds: 20711.T1168 Canavalia ensiformis (Fabaceae); YANG DAO DOU; Sword-bean.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: See Canavalia gladiata. TCMIndications: See Canavalia gladiata. Isolated compounds: 3059, 3063,13103.T1169 Canavalia gladiata (Fabaceae); DAO DOU; Sword Jackbean.Equivalent plant: Canavalia ensiformis. Used part: seed. TCM Effects:To warm center, precipitate qi, check hiccups. TCM Indications:Vacuity cold and hiccough, vomiting. Isolated compounds: 1045, 1054,3059, 3061, 3062, 9620.T1170 Canis familiaris (Canidae); GOU ROU; Dog Meat. Used part: meat.TCM Effects: To supplement spleen and warm stomach, warm kidneyand invigorate yang, replenish essence. TCM Indications: Distentionfullness in stomach duct and abdomen, edema, lumbago and limp leg,impotence, cold malaria, enduring vanquished sore. Isolatedcompounds: 3205, 4221.T1171 Canis familiaris (Canidae); GOU XIN; Dog Heart. Used part: heart.TCM Effects: To quiet spirit, dispel wind, stanch bleeding, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Wind impediment, qi depression, nosebleed(epistaxis), sore in lower body. Isolated compounds: 4221.T1172 Canna edulis (Cannaceae); JIAO YU; Edible Canna. Used part:Rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin, disinhibit damp.TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 4157, 5441.T1173 Cannabis sativa (Moraceae); HUO MA REN; Hemp Fimble Seed.Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To moisten dryness, lubricateintestines, free stool. TCM Indications: Blood and liquid depletion,intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 3077, 3079, 3082,7788, 15126, 20988, 21059, 21060, 21662, 22975.T1174 Cannabis sativa (Moraceae); MA GEN; Hemp Fimble Root. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis, stanch bleeding, disinhibit urine.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, difficult delivery, retention ofplacenta, flooding, strangury syndrome, vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 1262, 15516, 20347, 20350, 20353, 20354.T1175 Cannabis sativa (Moraceae); MA HUA; Hemp Fimble Flower*. Usedpart: male-flower. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, quicken blood,engender hairs. TCM Indications: Numbness in limbs, itchy body,shedding of eyebrow and hair, amenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 3079,3080, 3081, 3082, 7521, 12853, 15125, 17450, 19680, 19681, 21058,21059, 21662.T1176 Cannabis sativa (Moraceae); MA YE; Hemp Fimble Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To interrupt malaria, expel roundworm, settleasthma. TCM Indications: Malaria, asthma, ascariasis. Isolatedcompounds: 342, 402, 1262, 3078, 3080, 3083, 21060.T1177 Cannabis sativa var. indica (Moraceae); YIN DU DA MA; IndianHemp*. Isolated compounds: 3079, 3080.T1178 Canthium berberidifolium (Rubiaceae); SI XIAO BO SHUANG YEYU GU MU; Barberry-like-dileaf Canthium. Isolated compounds:1516, 3099, 3100, 3101, 3102.T1179 Capparis masaikai (Capparidaceae); MA BING LANG; MasaikaiCaper. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,engender liquid and allay thirst, hasten delivery or stop delivery. TCMIndications: Cold damage febrile disease, summerheat-heat and thirst,laryngitis, throat pain, food stagnation distention and fullness, measlespapules swelling toxin. Isolated compounds: 10103, 16286.T1180 Capparis spinosa (Capparidaceae); LAO SHU GUA; Common Caper.Used part: root cortex, leaf and fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,dissipate cold, eliminate damp. TCM Indications: Acute rheumaticarthritis, chronic rheumatic arthritis. Isolated compounds: 3136, 3137,4035, 7768, 19912, 20173, 20174, 20254.T1181 Capra hircus; Ovis aries (Bovidae); YANG PI; Goat Hide. Used part:hide. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity, dispel stasis, disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with emaciation andweakness, painful swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due totympanites. Isolated compounds: 13659.T1182 Capra hircus; Ovis aries (Bovidae); YANG RU; Goat Milk. Used part:milk. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity, moisten dryness,harmonize stomach, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxationwith emaciation and weakness, diabetes mellitus, heartache, stomachreflux, vomiting, mouth sore, lacquer sore, spider bite. Isolatedcompounds: 6544, 15528.T1183 Capra hircus; Ovis aries (Bovidae); YANG YI; Goat Pancreas. Usedpart: pancreas. TCM Effects: To moisten lung and relieve cough,moisten skin, check discharge. TCM Indications: Lung heat enduringcough, Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 11083, 11084, 11085.T1184 Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae); JI CAI; Shepherdspurse. Usedpart: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To cool liver and stanch

392bleeding, calm liver and brighten eyes, clear heat and disinhibit damp.TCM Indications: Blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hemoptysis, hematuria, flooding and spotting, red eyes with gall,eyeground hemorrhage, hypertension, red and white dysentery,nephritis with edema, chyluria. Isolated compounds: 351, 645, 5613,5614, 6454, 6632, 7996, 8963, 9458, 12015, 13149, 18281, 18857,19935, 20467, 22158.T1185 Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae); JI CAI ZI; ShepherdspurseSeed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and brighten eyes.TCM Indications: Eye pain, eye screen, clear-eye blindness. Isolatedcompounds: 6454.T1186 Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae); HONG HAI JIAO; Sweet Pepper.Equivalent plant: Capsicum frutescens. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects:To warm center and dissipate cold, precipitate qi and disperse food.TCM Indications: Stomach cold and qi stagnation, distending pain instomach duct, vomiting, diarrhea, wind-damp pain, frostbite. Isolatedcompounds: 1358, 3104, 3105, 3106, 3107, 3108, 3109, 3110, 3111,3112, 3113, 3141, 3142, 3145, 3146, 3209, 3210, 4188, 4189, 4293,5158, 5472, 5588, 6607, 7788, 7789, 7790, 9599, 9603, 9888, 9889,12520, 13017, 13139, 15477, 15740, 18281, 22976.T1187 Capsicum frutescens (Solanaceae); LA JIAO; Bush Redpepper. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: See Capsicum annuum. TCM Indications:See Capsicum annuum. Isolated compounds: 3141, 3142, 3144, 3145,3209, 4858, 5553, 15702, 15740, 20044, 20056, 20066, 20069.T1188 Caragana chamlagu (Fabaceae); JIN JI ER; Peashrub*. Used part:flower. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and boost kidney, harmonizeblood and dispel wind, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Vacuitytaxation cough, dizzy head and tinnitus, limp aching lumbus and knees,qi vacuity, vaginal discharge, child gan accumulation, pox withoutcoming out, mammary welling abscess, pain wind, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 22504.T1189 Caragana intermedia (Fabaceae); ZHONG JIAN JIN JI ER;Intermediate Peashrub. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toenrich yin and supplement blood, quicken blood. TCM Indications:Menstrual disorder [= menoxenia]. Isolated compounds: 6909, 7504,7505, 7506, 7507, 10109, 21731, 21981.T1190 Caragana jubata (Fabaceae); GUI JIAN JIN JI ER; ShagspinePeashrub. Used part: root, branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Mammarywelling abscess, swelling toxin of sore and boil, hypertension. Isolatedcompounds: 2843, 11652, 11663, 15170, 15184, 18379, 18407.T1191 Caragana sinica (Fabaceae); JIN QUE GEN; Chinese Peashrub Root.Used part: root and root cortex. TCM Effects: To supplement lung andboost spleen, dispel wind and quicken blood. TCM Indications:Vacuity taxation, lung vacuity enduring cough, flooding, vaginaldischarge, scant breast milk, wind-damp bone pain, pain wind,hemiplegia, hypertension, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3434,4680, 10420, 16550.T1192 Caragana stenophylla (Fabaceae); XIA YE JIN JI ER; NerrowleafPeashrub. Isolated compounds: 3149, 12239, 14892, 22504.T1193 Caragana tibetica (Fabaceae); MAO CI JIN JI ER; Tibet Peasshrub.Isolated compounds: 3289, 3291, 11672, 12258, 17278, 18643, 19394,19531, 19532, 20556, 21369.T1194 Carassius auratus (Cyprinidae); JIN YU; Crucian Carp. Used part:meat or body. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit water, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Cough, jaundice, ascites ulcer. Isolatedcompounds: 653, 1921, 2393, 3095, 6190, 6560, 9853, 11784, 11785,11806, 12201, 13126, 15708, 18530, 22772, 22976.T1195 Cardaria draba (Brassicaceae); QUN XIN CAI; Common Cardaria.Isolated compounds: 7323, 14728.T1196 Cardiospermum grandiflorum (Sapindaceae); DA HUA DAO DI LING;Bigflower Heartseed*. Isolated compounds: 3190.T1197 Cardiospermum halicacabum (Sapindaceae); JIA KU GUA;Balloonvine Heartseed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit water, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Jaundice, strangury, clove sore, vesicle sore, scab and lai,snake bite. Isolated compounds: 4453, 4454.T1198 Cardiospermum hirsutum (Sapindaceae); MAO DAO DI LING; HairyHeartseed*. Isolated compounds: 3190.T1199 Carduus acanthoides (Asteraceae); JIE MAO FEI LIAN; WeltedThistle. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: See Carduuscrispus. TCM Indications: See Carduus crispus. Isolated compounds:80.T1200 Carduus crispus (Asteraceae); FEI LIAN; Curly Bristlethistle.Equivalent plant: Carduus acanthoides. Used part: root or whole herb.TCM Effects: To dispel wind, clear heat, disinhibit damp, cool bloodand stanch bleeding, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Common cold with cough, headache and dizziness,infection of urinary system, chyluria, vaginal discharge, jaundice,wind-heat impediment pain, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematuria, profuse menstruation, dysfunctional uterinebleeding, knocks and falls, clove sore and swollen boil, toxin swellingfrom hemorrhoids, scalds. Isolated compounds: 80, 81.T1201 Carex fedia var. miyabei (Cyperaceae). Isolated compounds: 14892.T1202 Carex kobomugi (Cyperaceae); SHA ZUAN TAI CAO; Sieve Sedge.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and boost qi,downbear counterflow and check vomiting. TCM Indications:Spleen-stomach vacuity, vomiting and hiccough. Isolated compounds:12239.T1203 Carex pendula (Cyperaceae); XIA CHUI TAI CAO; Drooping Sedge*.Isolated compounds: 12240, 14890, 14891.T1204 Careya arborea KA LI YU RUI. Isolated compounds: 3193.T1205 Carica papaya (Caricaceae); FAN MU GUA; Papaya Fruit. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To disperse food and promote lactation, dispeldamp and free network vessels, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Stomachache, dysentery, inhibited urine and stool, windimpediment, foot rot. Isolated compounds: 1358, 2294, 3209, 3210,3214, 3215, 3218, 4293, 4294, 8760, 15135, 17263, 17264, 19650,22520.T1206 Carica papaya (Caricaceae); FAN MU GUA YE; Papaya Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, joint bones. TCMIndications: Toxin swelling of sores, fracture. Isolated compounds:18022.T1207 Carissa edulis (Apocynaceae); AI JI JIA HU CI; Egyptian Carissa.Isolated compounds: 15806.T1208 Carlina acaulis (Asteraceae); CHAO XIAN JI; Stemless Carline

393Thistle. Isolated compounds: 3200.T1209 Carnegiea gigantea (Cactaceae); JU REN ZHU. Isolated compounds:16746.T1210 Carpesium abrotanoides (Asteraceae); TIAN MING JING; CommonCarpesium. Used part: root, stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat,transform phlegm, resolve toxin, kill worms, break stasis, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Nipple moth, throat impediment, acutefright wind, chronic fright wind, toothache, swelling toxin of clovesore, hemorrhoids and fistulas, Itchy papules, poisonous snake bite,worm accumulation, blood conglomeration, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, blood strangury, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 2850, 3147, 3220, 3241, 3242,8313, 8313, 8982, 11468, 11796, 20369, 20906, 20988.T1211 Carpesium abrotanoides (Asteraceae); TIAN MING JING GUO;Common Carpesium Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To killworms. TCM Indications: Ascariasis, oxyuria disease, ancylostomiasis,taeniasis, child gan accumulation. Isolated compounds: 3147, 3220.T1212 Carpesium eximum (Asteraceae); DA HUA JIN WA ER; BigflowerCarpesium*. Used part: whole herb or root cortex. TCM Effects: Tocool blood and stanch bleeding, dispel stasis. TCM Indications:Bleeding due to external injury, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:3147.T1213 Carpesium longifolium (Asteraceae); CHANG YE TIAN MING JING;Longleaf Carpesium. Isolated compounds: 191, 5498, 5648, 5689,7147, 10020, 11203, 14828, 16675, 19983.T1214 Carpesium triste var. manshuricum (Asteraceae); DONG BEI ANHUA JIN WA ER; Northeast Dim-flower Carpesium*. Isolatedcompounds: 7074, 7076.T1215 Carthamus tinctorius (Asteraceae); HONG HUA; Safflower. Used part:flower. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and free menstruation,dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea, retention of lochia, angina pectoris, cerebralthrombosis, neurodermatitis, concretion and conglomeration, lumpglomus, knocks and falls, swollen pain due to bleeding. Isolatedcompounds: 618, 1598, 2228, 3223, 3224, 3225, 3226, 3844, 4966,6101, 9385, 9486, 9493, 9515, 9516, 10273, 10684, 11754, 12020,12569, 12891, 12893, 15203, 15358, 15660, 15662, 16108, 16109,17090, 17771, 17915, 18317, 18833, 19087, 19110, 19111, 19122,19983, 20280, 21415, 21604, 21605, 21607, 21613, 21614, 21615,21617, 21618, 21619, 21620, 21919.T1216 Carum ajowan (Apiaceae); YIN DU ZANG HUI XIANG; IndiaCaraway*. Isolated compounds: 5154, 5171, 6093, 10039, 10378,10763, 10764, 13761, 13762, 13767.T1217 Carum carvi (Apiaceae); GE LU ZI; Caraway. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To rectify qi and promote digestion, dissipate cold and relievepain. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen,retching counterflow, indigestion, mounting qi, cold stagnationlumbago. Isolated compounds: 3237, 5809, 5810, 7975, 9896, 11964,12843, 13729, 13730, 13731, 13732, 13733, 13734, 13735, 13736,13737, 13738, 13752, 13754, 13763, 13966, 16927.T1218 Carya illinoensis (Juglandaceae); MEI GUO SHAN HE TAO; Pecan.Isolated compounds: 11903.T1219 Carya ovata (Juglandaceae); CU PI SHAN HE TAO; ShagbarkHickory. Isolated compounds: 11903.T1220 Caryopteris clandonensis (Verbenaceae); ZA JIAO YOU (2) ; HybridBluebeard*. Isolated compounds: 356, 3785, 3786, 3787, 6818.T1221 Caryopteris divaricata (Verbenaceae); YOU (2) ; Divaricate Bluebeard.Isolated compounds: 3246.T1222 Caryopteris glutinosa (Verbenaceae); NIAN YE YOU (2) ; GlutinoseBluebeard. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. Isolated compounds: 8787.T1223 Casearia guianensis (Flacourtiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3269,3270, 3272, 3273.T1224 Casearia membranacea (Flacourtiaceae); MO ZHI JIAO GU CUI;Membranous Casearia*. Isolated compounds: 1367, 3257, 3258, 3259,3260, 3261, 3262, 3263, 3264, 3265, 3266, 3267, 3268, 3271, 3274,5297, 7788, 7789, 7951, 14484, 19981, 19983, 19985, 20237, 20356,20362, 20363, 20554, 22332.T1225 Casearia sylvestris var. lingua (Flacourtiaceae); SHE XING LINSHENG JIAO GU CUI; Lingual Forest-in Casearia*. Isolatedcompounds: 184, 3258.T1226 Casimiroa edulis (Rutaceae); XIANG ROU GUO; Edible Casimiroa.Isolated compounds: 3275, 16559.T1227 Casimiroa tetrameria (Rutaceae); SI JI XIANG ROU GUO; TetrabaseCasimiroa*. Isolated compounds: 9508, 13963, 16868.T1228 Cassia absus (Fabaceae); A SU JUE MING; Absus Senna*. Isolatedcompounds: 3452.T1229 Cassia acutifolia (Fabaceae); JIAN YE FAN XIE YE; Sharpleaf SennaLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Cassia angustifolia. TCMIndications: See Cassia angustifolia. Isolated compounds: 967, 3615,6368, 12020, 17247, 18759, 19749, 19750, 19751, 19752.T1230 Cassia angustifolia (Fabaceae); FAN XIE YE; Narrowleaf Senna Leaf.Equivalent plant: Cassia acutifolia. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Todrain heat and move stagnation, free stool, disinhibit water. TCMIndications: Heat bind and accumulation, constipation with abdominalpain, edema distention fullness. Isolated compounds: 968, 3615, 12020,17247, 18759, 19749, 19750, 19751, 19752.T1231 Cassia dentata (Fabaceae); CHI CHI JUE MING; Toothwing Senna*.Isolated compounds: 18643.T1232 Cassia fistula (Fabaceae); PO LUO MEN ZAO JIA; GoldenshowerSenna Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and free stool,transform stagnation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Heat wind inheart and diaphragm, steaming bone fever and chills, three worms.Isolated compounds: 2289, 2291, 3615, 3620, 7804, 10205, 10218,10493, 10603, 17869.T1233 Cassia garrettiana (Fabaceae); JIA LEI JUE MING; Garretti Senna*.Isolated compounds: 3285, 3286, 3287, 3288, 3289, 3290, 3291,17968.T1234 Cassia italika (Fabaceae); YI DA LI JUE MING ZI; Italian Senna*.Isolated compounds: 6016.T1235 Cassia kleinii (Fabaceae); KE LEI NI JUE MING; Kleini Senna*.Isolated compounds: 12233, 12234, 12235, 12236.T1236 Cassia laevigata [Syn. Cassia floribunda] (Fabaceae); GUANG YEJUE MING; Nitidleaf Senna*. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects:To clear liver and brighten eyes, free stool. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, liver heat and red eyes, eye screen,

394constipation. Isolated compounds: 8054.T1237 Cassia leptophylla (Fabaceae); XIA YE JUE MING; NarrowleafSenna*. Isolated compounds: 20141.T1238 Cassia mimosoides (Fabaceae); SHAN BIAN DOU ZI;Sensitiveplant-like Senna. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, fortify spleen and disinhibit damp, free stool. TCMIndications: Jaundice, summerheat-heat and vomiting diarrhea, childgan accumulation, edema, inhibited urination, habitual constipation,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 967, 3615, 18759.T1239 Cassia nodosa (Fabaceae); SHEN HUANG DOU; Jointwood Senna.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Papules, pox. Isolated compounds: 2064, 15651, 15654.T1240 Cassia obtusifolia (Fabaceae); DUN YE JUE MING; ObtuseleafSenna*. Equivalent plant: Cassia tora. Used part: ripe seed. TCMEffects: To clear liver and brighten eyes, disinhibit water and freestool. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall, delacrimation andphotophobia, clear-eye blindness, night blindness, dizziness andheadache, dim vision, cirrhosis with ascites, inhibited urination,habitual constipation, toxin swelling, skin lichen. Isolated compounds:967, 2009, 3613, 3615, 6776, 8649, 8696, 11744, 17247, 21459.T1241 Cassia occidentalis (Fabaceae); WANG JIANG NAN; Coffee Senna.Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear lung, clear liver, calmasthma, disinhibit urine, free stool, resolve toxin and disperse swelling,lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma,hypertension, headache and red eyes, dribbling urination, constipation,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 967, 3281, 3282, 3283, 3599, 3615, 6776, 9333,9791, 15914, 15915, 19933.T1242 Cassia occidentalis (Fabaceae); WANG JIANG NAN ZI; CoffeeSenna Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear liver, fortifystomach, free stool, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Red eyes withgall, dizzy and distended head, indigestion, stomachache, dysentery,constipation, swollen welling abscess and toxin of clove. Isolatedcompounds: 967, 6776, 17247.T1243 Cassia quinquangula (Fabaceae); WU LENG JUE MING; FiveangularSenna*. Isolated compounds: 18444, 19041.T1244 Cassia siamea (Fabaceae); TIE DAO MU; Siamese Senna. Isolatedcompounds: 3598, 3615, 14521.T1245 Cassia sieberiana (Fabaceae); XI BO JUE MING; Sieber Senna.Isolated compounds: 6819.T1246 Cassia singueana (Fabaceae); DONG FEI JUE MING; East-AfricanSenna*. Isolated compounds: 19933, 19934.T1247 Cassia sophera (Fabaceae); JIANG MANG; Inflatedfruit Senna. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm and allay thirst, regulatecenter. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall, dizzy and distended head,oral ulcer, habitual constipation, child gan accumulation, dysentery,malaria. Isolated compounds: 4879.T1248 Cassia sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1282.T1249 Cassia spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3615.T1250 Cassia tora (Fabaceae); JUE MING ZI; Sickle Senna Seed. Used part:ripe seed. TCM Effects: See Cassia obtusifolia. TCM Indications: SeeCassia obtusifolia. Isolated compounds: 967, 1514, 2008, 3284, 3598,3612, 3613, 3615, 3617, 6776, 6777, 6779, 8644, 8645, 8649, 8696,15791, 15900, 15908, 17247, 17250, 18759, 19041, 19042, 21452,21455.T1251 Cassytha filiformis (Lauraceae); WU YE TENG; Filiform Cassytha.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, coolblood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever,heat strangury, stone strangury, damp-heat jaundice, diarrhea,dysentery, hemoptysis, nosebleed(epistaxis), wind-fire eye, knocksand falls, bleeding due to external injury, ulcerating sores, burns andscalds, scab and lai. Isolated compounds: 585, 3293, 3295, 5417, 6632,12574, 15431.T1252 Cassytha glabella (Lauraceae); WU MAO WU GEN TENG; GlabrousCassytha*. Isolated compounds: 3294.T1253 Cassytha melantha (Lauraceae); HEI HUA WU GEN TENG;Blackflower Cassytha*. Isolated compounds: 3294.T1254 Castanea mollissima (Fagaceae); BAN LI; Chinese Chestnut. Usedpart: kernel. TCM Effects: To boost qi and fortify spleen, supplementkidney and strengthen sinews, quicken blood and disperse swelling,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity diarrhea, stomachreflux vomiting, limp aching in legs and knees, sinew and bone woundwith swelling pain, scrofula, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, bloody stool. Isolated compounds: 3297, 3298, 11482, 19277,20257, 20389, 22435.T1256 Castanea mollissima (Fagaceae); LI SHU PI; Chinese Chestnut Bast.Used part: bast. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and disperse swelling,promote astriction and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Erysipelas,lai, mouth sore, lacquer sore, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:7441, 15372, 22246, 22435.T1255 Castanea sativa (Fagaceae); OU ZHOU LI; Spanish Chestnut. Isolatedcompounds: 9202.T1257 Castilla elastica . Isolated compounds: 9336, 16958, 16959.T1258 Casuarina equisetifolia (Casuarinaceae); MU MA HUANG; HorsetailBeefwood. Used part: tender branchlet-leaf or bark. TCM Effects: Todiffuse lung and suppress cough, move qi and relieve pain, warmcenter and check diarrhea, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, cough, mounting qi, abdominal pain,diarrhea, dysentery, inhibited urination, beriberi. Isolated compounds:3040, 4149, 4150, 4155, 4156, 4177, 4178, 5571, 11642, 14454.T1259 Casuarina stricta (Casuarinaceae); XIAO MU MA HUANG; SmallBeefwood*. Isolated compounds: 16765.T1260 Catalpa bignonioides (Bignoniaceae); MEI GUO ZI; Southern Catalpa.Isolated compounds: 3307.T1261 Catalpa ovata (Bignoniaceae); ZI BAI PI; Ovate Catalpa Bast. Usedpart: bast. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, downbearcounterflow and check vomiting, kill worms and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Damp-heat jaundice, sore and scab, eczema, itchy skin.Isolated compounds: 3307, 4135, 5188, 7768, 9455, 20566.T1262 Catalpa ovata (Bignoniaceae); ZI MU; Ovate Catalpa. Used part:wood. TCM Effects: To promote vomiting, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Pain wind in limbs, cholera. Isolated compounds: 2004,3305, 3306, 12502, 15256, 15257, 15258, 15259, 15260, 15261.T1263 Catalpa ovata (Bignoniaceae); ZI SHI; Ovate Catalpa Fruit. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Inhibited urination, edema, ascites. Isolated compounds:

3953304, 3307.T1264 Catalpa ovata (Bignoniaceae); ZI YE; Ovate Catalpa Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, kill worms andrelieve itch. TCM Indications: Infant ardent fever, scab sore, itchy skin.Isolated compounds: 3307, 4152, 4153, 4171, 4172, 4173, 4174, 4175,4176, 5767, 6363, 7446, 9821, 9828, 10443, 14497, 16277, 16281.T1265 Catalpa speciosa (Bignoniaceae); HUANG JIN SHU; NorthernCatalpa. Isolated compounds: 3307.T1266 Catha edulis (Celastraceae); QIAO CHA; Khat. Used part: leaf. TCMEffects: To clear heat, resolve toxin, raise spirit, allay thirst. Isolatedcompounds: 3326, 3327, 15789, 17862.T1267 Catharanthus lanceus (Apocynaceae); JIAN ZHUANG CHANGCHUN HUA; Lanceolate Periwinkle*. Isolated compounds: 12734.T1268 Catharanthus longifolius (Apocynaceae); CHANG YE CHANGCHUN HUA; Longleaf Periwinkle*. Isolated compounds: 3321,12734, 22498, 22499.T1269 Catharanthus ovalis (Apocynaceae); LUAN YUAN CHANG CHUNHUA; Oval Periwinkle*. Isolated compounds: 3321, 12734, 22491,22498, 22499.T1270 Catharanthus pusillus (Apocynaceae); XI XIAO CHANG CHUNHUA; Slender Periwinkle*. Isolated compounds: 12734, 22498.T1271 Catharanthus roseus [Syn. Vinca rosea; Lochera rosea] (Apocynaceae);CHANG CHUN HUA; Madagascar Periwinkle. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, clear heat and calm liver, anticancer.TCM Indications: Hypertension, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, scalds. Isolated compounds: 618, 783, 823, 1002, 1111, 3320,3321, 3322, 3323, 4080, 4709, 4943, 5716, 5737, 7839, 7840, 8905,11083, 11084, 11085, 11489, 11718, 12732, 12733, 12734, 12944,12945, 12946, 12947, 12950, 14889, 16921, 16966, 17555, 18073,18918, 19762, 20000, 20503, 20564, 20578, 20580, 21055, 22486,22487, 22488, 22489, 22490, 22491, 22493, 22497, 22498, 22499,22500, 22501.T1272 Caulerpa sertularioides (Caulerpaceae); BANG YE JUE ZAO; Howe.Isolated compounds: 19776.T1273 Caulophyllum spp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T1274 Cayaponia tayuya (Cucurbitaceae); TA YOU XIE GUA; Taiuia Root*.Isolated compounds: 4328, 5573.T1275 Cayratia japonica (Vitaceae); WU LIAN MEI; Japanese Cayratia.Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Swollen welling abscess, clove sore, epidemic parotitis, erysipelas,wind-damp pain, jaundice, dysentery, hematuria, white turbidity.Isolated compounds: 3344, 9500.T1276 Ceanothus integerrimus (Rhamnaceae); QUAN YUAN YE MEIZHOU CHA; Deerbrush. Isolated compounds: 11092.T1277 Cedrela odorata (Meliaceae); YAN YANG CHUN; Cigarbox Cedrela.Isolated compounds: 15992.T1278 Cedrela sinensis (Meliaceae); ZHONG GUO YANG CHUN; ChineseCedrela*. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel summerheat andtransform damp, resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications:Summerhea-damp and damage center, nausea and vomiting,inappetence, diarrhea, dysentery, swelling toxin of welling abscess andflat abscess, scabies, bald white scalp sore. Isolated compounds: 9927,10544, 16301, 16397, 16398.T1279 Cedrelopsis gracilis (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 3347, 3348.T1280 Cedrelopsis grevei (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 2599, 3349,14223, 15721, 19540.T1281 Cedrus atlantica (Pinaceae); BEI FEI XUE SONG; Atlas Cedar.Isolated compounds: 5284, 5295, 5313, 6897, 9747.T1282 Cedrus deodara (Pinaceae); XUE SONG; Deodar Cedar. Used part:leaf and wood. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, stanchbleeding and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Dysentery, intestinalwind bleeding, edema, wind-damp impediment pain, leprosy. Isolatedcompounds: 932, 3394, 9541, 11315, 20987.T1283 Cedrus sp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 1074.T1284 Ceiba pentandra (Bombacaceae); JI BEI; Kapok Ceiba. Isolatedcompounds: 10798, 11452, 11454, 22358, 22359.T1285 Celastrus angulatus (Celastraceae); DIAO GAN MA; AngledBittersweet. Used part: root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and regulate menstruation,resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, swelling pain from fracture, amenorrhea, ulceratingsores, tinea capitis, pudendal itch. Isolated compounds: 3536, 3537,5300, 5312, 9043, 12336, 12337, 12338, 12339, 15534, 15535, 15536,15537, 16817, 21025, 21517, 21520, 21524, 21525, 21526.T1286 Celastrus flagellaris (Celastraceae); CI NAN SHE TENG;Hookedspine Bittersweet. Used part: root, fruit or stem. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, numbness in limbs, knocks and falls, amenorrhea,dysentery, welling abscess and flat abscess, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 3367, 3369, 9717.T1287 Celastrus hypoleucus (Celastraceae); MIAN TENG; PaleBittersweet. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To transform stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wound swelling from knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 12018, 18387.T1288 Celastrus orbiculatus [Syn. Celastrus articulatus] (Celastraceae);NAN SHE TENG; Oriental Bittersweet. Used part: stem vine. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, free menstruation andrelieve pain, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Painful joints due to rheumatalgia, numbness in limbs, paralysis,headache, toothache, mounting qi [=hernia], dysmenorrhea, menstrualblock, infant fright wind, sprain from knocks and falls, dysentery, sand,zoster. Isolated compounds: 6819, 6853, 6865.T1289 Celastrus orbiculatus [Syn. Celastrus articulatus] (Celastraceae);NAN SHE TENG GEN; Oriental Bittersweet Root. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and overcome damp, move qi anddissipate blood, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, painful swelling from knocks and falls,amenorrhea, headache, lumbago, mounting qi, dysentery, intestinalwind bleeding, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess,burns and scalds, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 3362,3363, 3364, 3365, 3366, 3368, 6766, 13090, 13095, 13096, 13623,16027, 16045, 16162, 16163, 16164, 16165, 16166, 16167.T1290 Celastrus orbiculatus [Syn. Celastrus articulatus] (Celastraceae);NAN SHE TENG YE; Oriental Bittersweet Leaf. Used part: leaf.

396TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, swelling of sores and boils, zoster,eczema, knocks and falls, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:6819, 12060, 12083, 18352, 18367.T1291 Celastrus orbiculatus [Syn. Celastrus articulatus] (Celastraceae);NAN SHE TENG GUO; Oriental Bittersweet Fruit. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To nourish heart and quiet spirit, harmonize blood andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Palpitation and insomnia, amnesia andheavy dreams, toothache, pain in sinews and bones, numbness inlumbus and leg, painful wound from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 131, 132, 155, 292, 5285, 5292.T1292 Celastrus paniculatus (Celastraceae); DENG YOU TENG ZI;Paniculed Bittersweet Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve pain, free stool, promote vomiting. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, constipation, food accumulation anddistending pain in stomach duct. Isolated compounds: 3361, 5286,13421, 13422, 21024, 21522.T1293 Celastrus scandens (Celastraceae); MEI ZHOU NAN SHE TENG;American Bittersweet. Isolated compounds: 3368.T1294 Celastrus stephanotifolius (Celastraceae). Isolated compounds: 3362,3363, 13090, 16027.T1295 Celastrus strigillosus (Celastraceae); CU MAO NAN SHE TENG;Hirsute Bittersweet*. Isolated compounds: 3368.T1296 Celosia argentea (Amaranthaceae); QIANG XIANG; FeatherCockscomb. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-heat, clearliver fire, brighten eyes and eliminate eye screens. TCM Indications:Red eyes with gall, eye screen, dizziness and dim vision, hypertension,nosebleed(epistaxis), wind-heat itching of skin, sore and lichen.Isolated compounds: 3384, 13179, 13180, 19983.T1297 Celosia cristada (Amaranthaceae); JI GUAN ZI; Common CockscombSeed. Isolated compounds: 12569, 12891, 12893, 15203, 16066,18656, 20280, 22554.T1299 Celosia cristata (Amaranthaceae); JI GUAN HUA; CommonCockscomb Flower. Used part: inflorescence. TCM Effects: To coolblood and stanch bleeding, check discharge, check diarrhea. TCMIndications: Bleeding, vaginal discharge, diarrhea, dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 1013, 2319.T1298 Celtis philippinensis (Ulmaceae); FEI LV BIN PIAO SHU; PhilippineNettletree. Isolated compounds: 7784, 19920.T1300 Celtis sp. (Ulmaceae). Isolated compounds: 19545.T1301 Centaurea aspera ssp. aspera (Asteraceae); CU CAO SHI CHE JU;Rough Star Thistle. Isolated compounds: 14113, 14514, 16351.T1302 Centaurea aspera subsp stenophylla (Asteraceae); XIA YE CU CAOSHI CHE JU ub; Narrow Rough Star Thistle*. Isolated compounds:14113, 14514, 16351.T1303 Centaurea attica ssp. attica (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 206,357, 2002, 3853, 6030, 9760, 13416, 14312.T1304 Centaurea bracteata (Asteraceae); BAO PIAN SHI CHE JU;Bracteole Centaurea*. Isolated compounds: 2585, 3387, 3398.T1305 Centaurea cyanus (Asteraceae); SHI CHE JU; Cornflower. Used part:whole herb, ray flower. TCM Effects: to clear heat and resolve toxin,quicken blood and disperse swelling, brighten eyes (whole herb),disinhibit urine (flower). Isolated compounds: 3392, 3393, 4451,11327, 14998, 14999.T1306 Centaurea nicolai (Asteraceae); NI GU LA SHI CHE JU; NicolaCentaurea*. Isolated compounds: 504, 4712, 19193.T1307 Centaurea pseudoscabiosa ssp. pseudoscabiosa (Asteraceae); DONGAN NA TUO LI YA SHI CHE JU; East-Anatolia Centaurea*. Isolatedcompounds: 2105, 3601, 17406.T1308 Centaurea sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 3635, 19122.T1309 Centaurea thessala ssp. drakiensis (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds:206, 357, 3853, 6030, 9759, 10082, 14312.T1310 Centaurium spicatum (Gentianaceae); SUI ZHUANG BAI JIN HUA;Spicate Centaurium*. Isolated compounds: 18400, 18401, 18402,18403.T1311 Centella asiatica (Apiaceae); JI XUE CAO; Asiatic Pennywort. Usedpart: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitdamp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling, lower blood pressure. TCMIndications: Sand qi abdominal pain, summerheat-heat diarrhea,dysentery, damp-heat jaundice, sand strangury, blood strangury, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, red eyes, swollen throat, windpapules, scab and lichen, swelling toxin of clove welling abscess,knocks and falls, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 1853, 1854, 1855,2586, 3395, 3396, 3397, 11738, 13336, 13337, 13338, 19460.T1312 Centipeda minima (Asteraceae); E BU SHI CAO; Small Centipeda.Used part: herb with flower. TCM Effects: To free nasal orifices,relieve cough. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, cough withprofuse phlegm, nasal congestion, deep-source nasal congestion andrunny nose. Isolated compounds: 1345, 1749, 2602, 6402, 18376,20369, 20708.T1313 Centranthus longiflorus ssp. longiflorus (Valerianaceae); CHANGHUA XIE CAO; Longflower Valerian*. Isolated compounds: 5185,5186.T1314 Centranthus spp. (Valerianaceae). Isolated compounds: 22312.T1315 Cephaelis ipecacuanha (Rubiaceae); TU GEN; Ipecacuanha. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm, effuse sweat, promote vomiting,disinhibit gallbladder. TCM Indications: Dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 3400, 6772, 22098.T1316 Cephalanthus occidentalis (Rubiaceae); FENG XIANG SHU YE;Common Butterbush. Used part: leaf or bud. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, contract damp and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Itching sore of skin, heaven-borne sore, foot rot, knocksand falls, toothache, dysentery, enteritis. Isolated compounds: 1458,9553, 18827.Cephalanthus pilulifera = Adina piluliferaT1317 Cephalotaxus drupacea (Cephalotaxaceae); HE GUO CU FEI;Drupaceous Plumyew*. Isolated compounds: 9609.T1318 Cephalotaxus fortunei (Cephalotaxaceae); SAN JIAN SHAN; FortunePlumyew. Used part: branchlet-leaf. TCM Effects: Anticancer. TCMIndications: Carcinoma of stomach, carcinoma of rectum, carcinomaof lung, carcinoma of esophagus, lymphatic sarcoma, leukaemia.Isolated compounds: 348, 1030, 1270, 1476, 3401, 3403, 3404, 3405,3406, 3407, 3602, 3947, 5066, 5160, 5181, 6608, 6916, 6969, 7014,7041, 7929, 8401, 9191, 9194, 9195, 9239, 9609, 9900, 9901, 9901,9902, 11316, 11317, 11449, 11449, 14527, 14738, 15403, 19514,

39719757, 19785, 20808, 22696, 22696.T1319 Cephalotaxus hainanensis [Syn. Cephalotaxus mannii](Cephalotaxaceae); HAI NAN CU FEI; Hainan Plumyew. Used part:branchlet and bark. TCM Effects: Anticancer. TCM Indications:Carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 3402, 3404, 5066, 5181, 6608, 7014,9191, 9194, 9195, 9239, 9609, 11449, 20811.T1320 Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Cephalotaxaceae); RI BEN CU FEI;Japanese Plumyew. Isolated compounds: 3404, 5181, 8401, 9239,9609, 11449, 22696.T1321 Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. drupacea (Cephalotaxaceae); CHANGGENG CU FEI; Longstalk Plumyew*. Isolated compounds: 7, 5467,5747, 7764, 9744, 20465.T1322 Cephalotaxus oliveri (Cephalotaxaceae); BI ZI CU FEI; OliverPlumyew. Used part: Branchlet-leaf and seed. TCM Effects:Anticancer. TCM Indications: Carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 9239,16086.T1323 Cephalotaxus sinensis [Syn. Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. sinensis](Cephalotaxaceae); ZHONG GUO CU FEI ZHI YE; ChinesePlumyew Branch-leaf. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects:Anticancer. TCM Indications: Carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 3404,5066, 5181, 6608, 7041, 9194, 9239, 9609, 9901, 11449, 22696.T1324 Cephalotaxus sinensis [Syn. Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. sinensis](Cephalotaxaceae); ZHONG GUO CU FEI ZI; Chinese Plumyew Seed.Isolated compounds: 9194, 11449.T1325 Cephalotaxus wilsoniana (Cephalotaxaceae); TAI WAN CU FEI;Wilson Plumyew. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1492, 3404, 7041, 7042,7043, 9194, 11449, 11600, 14614, 20465, 20625, 20626, 20627, 21073,21938, 22696.Cerasus humilis = Prunus humilisCerasus japonica = Prunus japonicaT1326 Ceratonia siliqua (Fabaceae); CHANG JIAO DOU; Carob. Isolatedcompounds: 832, 18265.T1327 Ceratostigma minus (Plumbaginaceae); XIAO JIAO ZHU HUA;Creeping Ceratostigma, Creeping Bluesnow. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To dispel wind-damp, free channels and network vessels,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp numbness, pain in stomachduct, abdomen and rib-side, knocks and falls, fracture, angitis, parotitis.Isolated compounds: 17569.T1328 Ceratostigma plumbaginoides (Plumbaginaceae); JIAO ZHU HUA;Blue Ceratostigma, Blue Bluesnow. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeCeratostigma willmottianum. TCM Indications: See Ceratostigmawillmottianum. Isolated compounds: 17568.T1329 Ceratostigma willmottianum (Plumbaginaceae); ZI JIN LIAN;Willmott Ceratostigma. Equivalent plant: Ceratostigmaplumbaginoides. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To move qi, quickenblood, settle pain. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, fracture.Isolated compounds: 17568.T1330 Cerbera manghas (Apocynaceae); NIU XIN QIE ZI; CommonCerberustree. Used part: kernel. TCM Indications: Anesthesia. Isolatedcompounds: 349, 526, 1389, 1390, 3416, 3417, 4775, 13479, 15494,20671, 21326.T1331 Cerbera odollam (Apocynaceae); AO DAO LA MU HAI MANGGUO; Odollam Cerberustree*. Isolated compounds: 349, 3416, 3429,15494, 15495, 21325, 21326.T1332 Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae); RI BEN LIANXIANG SHU; Japanese Katsura-tree. Used part: ripe fruit. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and settle fright, check tetany. TCMIndications: Infant fright wind, convulsion with cold limbs. Isolatedcompounds: 1074, 3418.T1333 Cercidiphyllum japonicum var. sinense (Cercidiphyllaceae); LIANXIANG SHU; Katsura-tree. Isolated compounds: 3318.T1334 Cereus pectenaboriginum (Cactaceae). Isolated compounds: 16746.T1335 Ceriops decandra (Rhizophoraceae); SHI XIONG RUI JIAO GUOMU; Ten-stamen Ceriops*. Isolated compounds: 3423, 3424, 3425,3426, 3427, 3428.T1336 Ceriops tagal [Syn. Rhizophora tagal] (Rhizophoraceae); JIAO GUOMU; Common Ceriops. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin, stanch bleeding, close sores. TCM Indications: Bleeding due toexternal injury, ulcerating sores. Isolated compounds: 20600, 20601,20602, 20603, 20604, 20605, 20606, 20607.T1337 Cervus nippon; Cervus elaphus (Cervidae); LU RONG; Hairy Antler.Used part: non-ossifying young horn of male deer or stag. TCMEffects: To supplement kidney and invigorate yang, boost essence andblood, strengthen sinews and bones, regulate thoroughfare andcontrolling vessels, draw sore toxin. TCM Indications: Impotence andemission, infertility due to uterus cold, marked emaciation,thrombocytopenia, septicemia, fatigued spirit, aversion of cold,dizziness, tinnitus and deafness, aching pain in lumbus and back, limpwilting sinew and bone, flooding and spotting with vaginal discharge,enduring yin flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 626, 3585, 7383, 7384,7387, 8076, 8753, 10913, 17954, 18656.T1338 Cestrum nocturnum (Solanaceae); YE XIANG SHU; NightbloomingCestrum. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Mammary welling abscess, wellingabscess and sores. Isolated compounds: 1177, 5982, 5983, 6128, 6129,6130, 6447, 7521, 8657, 8658, 8659, 8660, 8693, 8695, 8698, 8748,10722, 10727.T1339 Cestrum parqui (Solanaceae); PA KE YE XIANG SHU; ParquiCestrum. Isolated compounds: 5956, 5957, 5958, 7079, 7123, 10366,10367, 10368, 10369, 10370, 10371, 11583, 15967, 20215, 21124,21753.T1340 Cestrum sendtenerianum (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 6124,6125, 6126, 6127, 6131.T1341 Cetraria islandica (Parmeliaceae); BING DAO YI; Iceland Moss.Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To regulate digestive system, increaseappetite. Isolated compounds: 17979.T1342 Chaenomeles lagenaria [Syn. Chaenomeles speciosa] (Rosaceae); QIUMU GUA; Common Floweringquince. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects:To soothe sinews and quicken network vessels, harmonize stomachand transform damp. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,aching and weightiness of limbs, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels,vomiting and diarrhea with cramp, beriberi. Isolated compounds: 530,2978, 3594, 4439, 9717, 16050, 16785.

398T1343 Chaenomeles sinensis (Rosaceae); MU GUA; ChineseFloweringquince. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To harmonizestomach and soothe sinews, dispel wind-damp, disperse phlegm andallay thirst. TCM Indications: Vomiting and diarrhea with cramp,wind-damp impediment pain, cough and abundant phlegm, diarrhea,dysentery, painful wound from knocks and falls, beriberi with edema.Isolated compounds: 8621, 16050, 22270.T1344 Chaetomium quadrangulatum SI LENG JIAO MAO KE JUN. Isolatedcompounds: 3440, 3441, 3442, 3443, 3444, 3445, 3446, 3447, 3448,3449, 3450.T1345 Chaetomium thielavioideum . Isolated compounds: 3439.T1346 Chaetomorpha basiretorsa LV ZAO JI GEN YING MAO ZAO.Isolated compounds: 4361.Chalcas paniculata = Murraya paniculataT1347 Chamaecyparis formosensis (Cupressaceae); HONG GUI; FormosanFalse Cypress. Isolated compounds: 4234, 5170, 10300, 10301, 10372,10373, 10575, 10657, 13646, 14679.T1348 Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (Cupressaceae); HUANG BIAN BAI;Yellow Cedar. Isolated compounds: 15705.T1349 Chamaecyparis obtusa (Cupressaceae); RI BEN BIAN BAI; HinokiFalse Cypress. Isolated compounds: 4310, 9546, 11353.T1350 Chamaecyparis pisifera (Cupressaceae); RI BEN HUA BAI; SawaraFalse Cypress. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1764, 11353, 14680, 17371,17486, 17487, 17488, 17489, 17490, 17491, 19428, 19429.T1351 Chamaecyparis spp. (Cupressaceae). Isolated compounds: 15664.T1352 Chamaenerion angustifolium [Syn. Epilobium angustifolium](Onagraceae); HONG KUAI ZI; Great Willowherb (Firewood). Usedpart: herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and percolate damp,rectify qi and disperse swelling, quicken blood and regulatemenstruation. TCM Indications: Edema, diarrhea, food accumulationdistention and fullness, menstrual disorder, galactostasis, scrotalenlargement, itch-pain in sore and papules. Isolated compounds: 4088,6757, 8095, 10887, 11642, 16011, 16050, 18358, 18371, 18411,21392.Championella japonica = Strobilanthes japonicusT1353 Changium smyrnioides (Apiaceae); MING DANG SHEN; MedicinalChangium. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To moisten lung andtransform phlegm, nourish yin and harmonize stomach, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, vomiting nausea, reduced foodintake with dry mouth, anemia, dizziness, leukorrhea, clove toxinsores. Isolated compounds: 1048, 11503, 11574, 15515, 20369, 20444.T1354 Chartolepis intermedia (Asteraceae); BO LIN JU; IntermediateChartolepis. Isolated compounds: 9015.T1355 Chasmanthera spp. (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T1356 Cheiranthus cheiri (Brassicaceae); GUI ZHU XIANG; CommonWallflower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To moisten intestines andfree stool, free menstruation. TCM Indications: Constipation,menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds:922, 7291, 8591, 11651, 11661, 22492.T1357 Chelidonium majus (Papaveraceae); BAI QU CAI; Greater Celandine.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To settle pain and relieve cough,disinhibit urine and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Pain in sensorynerve endings, pain from ulcer in digestive tract, stomachache,abdominal pain, enteritis, dysentery, chronic bronchitis, pertussis,cough, jaundice, edema, ascites, scab and lichen with swelling of sores,snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 930, 2303, 3498, 3499,3500, 3501, 3502, 3507, 3508, 4032, 4290, 5708, 7250, 7820, 9568,9600, 9903, 13880, 14133, 15659, 15664, 16302, 16473, 17983,19284, 20133, 20168, 20416, 21061, 22158, 22732.T1358 Chelidonium spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T1359 Chenopodium album (Chenopodiaceae); LI; Lambsquarters Juvenile.Used part: juvenile whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dispeldamp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling, kill worms and relieve itch.TCM Indications: Fever, cough, dysentery, diarrhea, abdominal pain,mounting qi, decayed toothache, eczema, scab and lichen, white patchwind, swelling pain of sores, poisonous insect stings. Isolatedcompounds: 7777, 7778, 7788, 14444, 14445, 15957.T1360 Chenopodium amaranticolor (Chenopodiaceae); XIAN SE LI;Amaranthinecolor Goosefoot*. Isolated compounds: 1013.T1361 Chenopodium ambrosioides (Chenopodiaceae); TU JING JIE;Mexican Tea. Used part: fruiting aerial parts. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, kill worms and relieve itch, quicken bloodand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Ancylostomiasis, ascariasis,oxyuria disease, head louse, eczema of skin, scab and lichen,wind-damp impediment pain, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, mouth andtongue sores, swelling pain in throat, knocks and falls, snake or insectbites. Isolated compounds: 1731, 1842, 4550, 12083, 12091, 13719,13720, 13721, 13722, 17402, 20168.T1362 Chenopodium botrys (Chenopodiaceae); XIANG LI; FeatheredGeranium. Isolated compounds: 1842, 7751.T1363 Chenopodium championii (Chenopodiaceae); ZONG ZHUANG HUALI; Racemose Goosefoot*. Isolated compounds: 19929.T1364 Chenopodium murale (Chenopodiaceae); BI SHENG LI; MuralGoosefoot*. Isolated compounds: 12086.T1365 Chiloscyphus polyanthus (Lophocoleaceae); LIE E TAI; PolybractSplit-calyx Liverwort*. Isolated compounds: 3167, 3168, 3177, 7501,7508.T1366 Chimonanthus fragrans [Syn. Chimonanthus praecox](Calycanthaceae); LA MEI HUA; Wintersweet Bud. Used part: flowerbud. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve summerheat, rectify qiand open depression. TCM Indications: Summerheat-heat vexationand thirst, dizziness, oppression in chest due to glomus, globushystericus, swelling pain in throat, pertussis, child measles, burns andscalds. Isolated compounds: 2273, 2550, 3002, 3527, 7734, 7944,11025, 14632, 18342, 20805, 21549.T1367 Chioccoca alba (Rubiaceae); BAI XUE GUO MU. Isolatedcompounds: 867, 868, 869, 870.T1368 Chionodoxa luciliae (Liliaceae); XUE GUANG HUA;Glory-of-the-snow. Isolated compounds: 1505, 1506, 1509, 7083,7133, 7134, 7135, 7136, 7137, 19517.T1369 Chionographis japonica (Liliaceae); RI BEN BAI SI CAO; JapaneseChionographis*. Isolated compounds: 16809.T1370 Chirita micronusa (Gesneriaceae); CHUN ZHU JU TAI; Chirita.Isolated compounds: 3432.Chloranthus glaber = Sarcandra glabraT1371 Chloranthus japonicus (Chloranthaceae); YIN XIAN CAO; Japanise

399Chloranthus. Used part: whole herb or root and rhizome. TCM Effects:To quicken blood and move stasis, dispel wind and eliminate damp,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, wind-dampimpediment pain, wind-cold common cold, swelling toxin sores,poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 8014, 11702, 19839,19840, 19841, 19842, 19843, 19844, 19845.T1372 Chloranthus serratus (Chloranthaceae); JI JI; Serrate Chloranthus.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipate stasis,dispel wind and relieve pain, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, fracture, amenorrhea, wind-dampimpediment pain, clove boil, scab and lichen, itchy skin, poisonoussnake bite. Isolated compounds: 560, 5697, 8014, 10537, 15334,19843, 19844.T1373 Chloranthus serratus (Chloranthaceae); JI JI JING YE; SerrateChloranthus Stem-leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind quicken blood, resolve toxin and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Common cold, cough, wind-damp pain, knocks and falls, wellingabscess and boil, menstrual disorder [= menoxenia]. Isolatedcompounds: 17084, 17086.T1374 Chloranthus spicatus (Chloranthaceae); JIN SU LAN; Chulan Tree.Used part: whole herb or root and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, quicken blood and relieve pain, kill worms. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, migraine, intractable lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 8014, 19840.T1375 Chlorella spp. Isolated compounds: 17729.T1376 Chlorophora excelsa (Moraceae); GAO HUANG LU SANG; IrokoFustic-tree. Isolated compounds: 3567, 10054.T1377 Chlorophora sp. (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 15715.T1378 Chlorophora tinctoria (Moraceae); HUANG YAN MU. Isolatedcompounds: 13296, 17823.T1379 Chlorophyllum molybdites (Agaricaceae). Isolated compounds: 6902,22249.T1380 Chlorophytum malayense (Liliaceae); DA YE DIAO LAN; BigleafBreaketplant. Isolated compounds: 3563.T1381 Choerospondias axillaris NAN SUAN ZAO; Axillary SouthemWildjujube. Used part: Fresh fruit or seed. TCM Effects: To move qiand quicken blood, nourish heart and quiet spirit, disperseaccumulation, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Qi stagnation andblood stasis, chest pain, palmus and breathe hard, neurasthenia,insomnia, bronchitis, food stagnation and abdominal fullness, diarrhea,mounting qi (hernia), burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 8095.T1382 Chondria armata [Syn. Lophura armata] (Rhodomelaceae); RUANGU ZAO. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To expel worms. TCMIndications: Oxyuria disease, ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 3333,11387, 11388, 11389, 11390, 15742, 16894.T1383 Chondrodendron tomentosum (Menispermaceae); NAN MEI FANG JI.Isolated compounds: 22091.T1384 Chondrus ocelladus (Gigartinaceae); JIAO CHA CAI. Used part: frond.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, harmonize stomach andfree stool. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever and chills,mumps, swelling pain in throat, knocks and falls, pain in stomach duct,intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 18798.T1385 Chorda filum (Chordaria); SHENG ZAO. Used part: frond. TCMEffects: To soften hardness, dispel phlegm, disinhibit urine, lowerblood pressure. TCM Indications: Scrofula, goiter and carcinoma ofneck, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 16860, 21639, 21869.T1386 Chrozophora spp. (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3551.T1387 Chrysanthemum boreale (Asteraceae); BEI YE JU; Boreal WildChrysanthemum. Used part: whole herb and root. TCM Effects: SeeChrysanthemum indicum. TCM Indications: See Chrysanthemumindicum. Isolated compounds: 61, 251, 1476, 2547, 3689, 4135, 5314,21350.T1388 Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (Asteraceae); CHU CHONG JU;Dalmatian Pyrethrum. Equivalent plant: Chrysanthemum coccineum.Used part: capitulum and whole herb. TCM Effects: To kill worms.TCM Indications: Scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 3388, 3593,3692, 18257.T1389 Chrysanthemum coccineum (Asteraceae); HONG HUA CHU CHONGJU; Pyrethrum. Used part: capitulum and whole herb. TCM Effects:See Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. TCM Indications: SeeChrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. Isolated compounds: 18257.T1390 Chrysanthemum coronarium (Asteraceae); TONG HAO; CrowndaisyChrysanthemum. Equivalent plant: Chrysanthemum segetum. Usedpart: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To harmonize spleen and stomach,disperse phlegm rheum, quiet heart and spirit. TCM Indications:Spleen-stomach disharmony, urinary and fecal stoppage, cough withprofuse phlegm, heat vexation and disquiet. Isolated compounds: 4079,15135.T1391 Chrysanthemum frutescens (Asteraceae); MU TONG HAO;Marguerite. Isolated compounds: 3122.T1392 Chrysanthemum indicum (Asteraceae); YE JU; Indian WildChrysanthemum. Equivalent plant: Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium,Chrysanthemum boreale. Used part: whole herb and root. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Commoncold, trachitis, hepatitis, hypertension, dysentery, swollen wellingabscess, clove sore, red eyes and distending pain, scrofula, eczema.Isolated compounds: 1789, 3237, 3592, 3594, 3595, 8753, 15705,21350.T1393 Chrysanthemum indicum (Asteraceae); YE JU HUA; Indian WildChrysanthemum Flower. Used part: flower-head. TCM Effects: Tolower blood pressure, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Hypertension, headache and dizziness, insomnia, common cold,influenza, meningitis, swollen welling abscess and clove sores, redeyes with gall. Isolated compounds: 56, 57, 61, 1492, 3551, 3594,3597, 3674, 6453, 7283, 7284, 7582, 9218, 11021, 13137, 13147,17097, 18345.T1394 Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium (Asteraceae); YAN XIANG JU;Lavandulaleaf Chrysanthemum. Used part: whole herb and root. TCMEffects: See Chrysanthemum indicum. TCM Indications: SeeChrysanthemum indicum. Isolated compounds: 4941, 10405, 21350.T1395 Chrysanthemum morifolium [Syn. Dendranthema morifolium](Asteraceae); JU HUA; Florists Chrysanthemum Flower. Used part:capitulum. TCM Effects: To course wind and clear heat, calm liver andbrighten eyes, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Angina pectoris, hypertension, externally contracted wind-heat, windwarmth, fever and headache, dizziness, common cold, red eyes, red

400eyes with gall, swelling toxin of clove sore. Isolated compounds: 56,617, 1064, 1483, 1492, 2550, 2843, 3545, 3551, 3594, 3596, 3674,5750, 11287, 11288, 11289, 12987, 13137, 21391.T1396 Chrysanthemum parthenium (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds:16713.T1397 Chrysanthemum segetum (Asteraceae); NAN TONG HAO; SouthChrysanthemum. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: SeeChrysanthemum coronarium. TCM Indications: See Chrysanthemumcoronarium. Isolated compounds: 15724.T1398 Chrysanthemum sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 7821, 19308.T1399 Chrysanthemum spp. (compositae). Isolated compounds: 9496, 16675,17719.T1400 Chrysanthemum vulgare (Asteraceae); AI JU; Tansy. Isolatedcompounds: 3048.T1401 Chrysobalanus icaco (Chrysobalanaceae); YI KOU KE MEI;Coco-plum. Isolated compounds: 12748.T1402 Chrysosplenium alternifolium (Saxifragaceae); JIN YAO;Alternate-leaved Golden-saxifrage. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Strangury syndrome, jaundice, bleeding. Isolated compounds: 3623.T1403 Chrysosplenium grayanum (Saxifragaceae); JIN QIAN KU YE CAO;Goldsaxifrage Herb. Used part: herb. TCM Indications: Clove sore.Isolated compounds: 3611, 3625, 3626, 14602.T1404 Chrysosplenium japonicum (Saxifragaceae); RI BEN JIN YAO;Japanese Goldsaxifrage. Isolated compounds: 3300, 3622.T1405 Chrysosplenium maximowiczii (Saxifragaceae); MA SHI JIN YAO;Maximowicz Goldsaxifrage*. Isolated compounds: 3623.T1406 Chrysosplenium nudicaule (Saxifragaceae); ZANG YAO LUO JINGJIN YAO; Naked-caule Goldsaxifrage. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and remove damp, soothe liver and disinhibitgallbladder. TCM Indications: Jaundice, pain in rib-side, concretionand conglomeration, cholecystitis, gallstones. Isolated compounds:16798.T1407 Chrysosplenium oppositifolium (Saxifragaceae); DUI YE JIN YAO;Oppositeleaf Goldsaxifrage*. Isolated compounds: 3623.T1408 Chrysosplenium tosaense (Saxifragaceae); SHANG ZUO ZHOU JINYAO; Tosa Goldsaxifrage*. Isolated compounds: 3300, 3622.T1409 Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus NIAN ZHI JIN ZHI JU. Isolatedcompounds: 416.T1410 Chukrasia tabularis (Meliaceae); MA LIAN; Chittagong Chickrassy.Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To course wind and clear heat.TCM Indications: Common cold with fever. Isolated compounds:20581, 20582, 20583, 20584, 20585, 20586.T1411 Cibotium barometz [Syn. Polypodium barometz] (Dicksoniaceae); JINMAO GOU; Scythian Lamb. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: Tostrengthen lumbus and knees, dispel wind-damp, disinhibit joints.TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity lumbar pain and back rigidity,inability of legs and knees, wind-damp impediment pain, frequenturination, emission, excessive leukorrhea. Isolated compounds: 2887,5763, 16098, 16099, 16100, 18098, 18153, 18161.T1412 Cicer arietinum (Fabaceae); HUI HUI DOU; Gram Chickpea. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Diabetes mellitus. Isolated compounds: 2384, 2386, 4645,7883, 8202, 9606, 11504, 12908, 13636, 14260, 17765, 18281, 20127.T1413 Cicer spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 12908.T1414 Cicerbita alpina (Asteraceae); GAO SHAN YAN SHEN; AlpineSowthistle. Isolated compounds: 16263.T1415 Cichorium intybus (Asteraceae); JU QU; Common Chicory. Used part:aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve exterior, disinhibiturine and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice,nephritis with edema, distending pain in stomach duct, inappetence.Isolated compounds: 663, 664, 1110, 3518, 3635, 5021, 5028, 5187,5585, 11797, 12446, 12447, 13377, 14920, 20712.T1416 Cicuta virosa (Apiaceae); DU QIN GEN; European WaterhemlockRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To draw out toxin, dispel stasis,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Medullitis, pain wind, wind-damp pain(external use with high toxicity). Isolated compounds: 3636, 3637,3988, 4354, 20988.T1417 Cimicifuga acerina (Ranunculaceae); SAN MIAN DAO; SmallBugbane. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, course wind and outthrust papules, quicken blood and relievepain, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Sore pharynx, swollenboil, non-eruption of macula, taxation damage, pain in lumbus andlegs, knocks and falls, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 94, 353, 354,3649, 3651, 9455, 9764, 9906, 14242, 14243, 14244, 19800.T1418 Cimicifuga asiatica (Ranunculaceae); LEI YE SHENG MA; AsicaBaneberry. Isolated compounds: 9455.T1419 Cimicifuga dahurica (Ranunculaceae); XING AN SHENG MA;Dahurian Bugbane. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Cimicifugafoetida. TCM Indications: See Cimicifuga foetida. Isolated compounds:352, 1561, 2887, 3652, 3653, 3654, 3655, 3656, 3658, 3670, 3671,3672, 3673, 5464, 5752, 7768, 9455, 9762, 10316, 11331, 14181,19800, 19983, 22530, 22553.T1420 Cimicifuga foetida (Ranunculaceae); SHENG MA; Bugbane.Equivalent plant: Cimicifuga dahurica, Cimicifuga heracleifolia. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, effuseexterior and outthrust papules, upbear yang and raise fall. TCMIndications: Prevention of ptosis, women’s hormone dysfunctiondiseases, seasonal epidemic fire toxin, mouth sore, sore pharynx,macula, cold-heat headache, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, center qi fall, spleen vacuity diarrhea, chronic dysentery, vaginaldischarge, flooding. Isolated compounds: 141, 512, 2887, 3650, 3657,3658, 5466, 7768, 9455, 19187.T1421 Cimicifuga heracleifolia (Ranunculaceae); DA SAN YE SHENG MA;Cowparsnipleaf Bugbane. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeCimicifuga foetida. TCM Indications: See Cimicifuga foetida. Isolatedcompounds: 7768, 9455.T1422 Cimicifuga japonica (Ranunculaceae); RI BEN SHENG MA; JapaneseBugbane*. Isolated compounds: 513, 3660, 5162, 14244.T1423 Cimicifuga nanchuanensis (Ranunculaceae); NAN CHUAN SHENGMA; Nanchuan Bugbane*. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, course wind and outthrust papules, upbear yangand raise fall. TCM Indications: Non-eruption of macula, swellingpain in throat, taxation damage, center qi fall, diarrhea, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 9455, 15726.T1424 Cimicifuga racemosa (Ranunculaceae); ZONG ZHUANG SHENG

401MA; Racemose Bugbane*. Isolated compounds: 414, 477, 512, 579,3658, 3659, 3666, 3667, 3668, 3669, 5150, 5790, 9455, 9905, 13881.T1425 Cimicifuga simplex (Ranunculaceae); YE SHENG MA; KamchatkaBugbane. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To effuse exterior andoutthrust papules, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, child measles, heat toxin macula, swellingpain in throat, swollen welling abscess and sores, yang brightnessheadache, chronic diarrhea, prolapse of rectum, flooding and spotting,Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 352, 354, 1066, 2729, 2730,2731, 2732, 2888, 3649, 3651, 3652, 3658, 3661, 3662, 3663, 3664,3665, 9455, 12222, 14241, 14243, 14244.T1426 Cimicifuga sp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 237, 238, 280,3649, 3652, 5488, 5489, 10697.T1427 Cinchona cuprea (Rubiaceae); TONG SE JI NA SHU; CupreousCinchona*. Isolated compounds: 2887.T1428 Cinchona ledgeriana (Rubiaceae); JIN JI LE; Ledger Cinchona.Equivalent plant: Cinchona officinalis, Cinchona succirubra. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To interrupt malaria and abate fever, resolveliquor and arouse spleen. TCM Indications: Malaria, externallycontracted ardent fever, drunkenness. Isolated compounds: 1680, 3599,3675, 3682, 3684, 3685, 3686, 3687, 4004, 4373, 5522, 7003, 7004,9738, 9739, 18407, 18421, 18422, 18423, 18424, 18425.T1429 Cinchona officinalis (Rubiaceae); ZHENG JI NA SHU; MedicinalCinchona. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Cinchona ledgeriana.TCM Indications: See Cinchona ledgeriana. Isolated compounds:9738.T1430 Cinchona robusta (Rubiaceae); CU ZHUANG JIN JI NA; RobustCinchona*. Isolated compounds: 18869, 18870, 18871, 18872, 18873,18874, 18875, 18876.T1431 Cinchona sp. (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5522.T1432 Cinchona spp. (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3551.T1433 Cinchona succirubra (Rubiaceae); HONG SE JIN JI NA SHU;Redbark Cinchona. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Cinchonaledgeriana. TCM Indications: See Cinchona ledgeriana. Isolatedcompounds: 18425.T1434 Cinnamomum bejolghota [Syn. Cinnamomum obtusifolium; Laurusbejolghota] (Lauraceae); DUN YE GUI PI; Obtuseleaf Cassia Bark,Wild Cinnamon Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel windand dissipate cold, warm menstruation and quicken blood, relieve pain.TCM Indications: Bleeding due to external injury (external use),wind-cold impediment pain, lumbago, menstrual block, dysmenorrhea,painful swelling from knocks and falls, cold pain in stomach duct,abdominal pain, vacuity cold diarrhea, snake bite. Isolated compounds:17869, 17888.T1435 Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae); ZHANG MU; Camphortree.Used part: wood. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold,warm center and rectify qi, quicken blood and free network vessels.TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, stomach cold distendingpain, cold-damp vomiting and diarrhea, wind-damp impediment pain,beriberi, painful wound from knocks and falls, scab and lichen withitching. Isolated compounds: 1520, 2071, 2846, 2850, 2935, 2940,2941, 3047, 3048, 3049, 3050, 3231, 3241, 3242, 4076, 7481, 7521,7751, 9669, 11566, 12375, 12573, 15205, 15500, 15500, 18655,19121, 19302, 19303.T1436 Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae); ZHANG SHU PI; CamphortreeBark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, warm stomach and harmonize center, kill worms and cure sores.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, pain in stomach duct,vomiting and diarrhea, leg qi swelling and pain, knocks and falls, scaband lichen with sore toxin, poisonous insect stings. Isolatedcompounds: 15902, 16884, 17869, 17876, 17890, 17893.T1437 Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae); ZHANG SHU YE; CamphortreeLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, eliminate damp,kill worms, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, stomachache, burns and scalds, toxin swelling of sores, shanksore, scab and lichen, itchy skin, poisonous insect stings. Isolatedcompounds: 16333, 16334, 21954.T1438 Cinnamomum cassia [Syn. Cinnamomum aromaticum] (Lauraceae);GUI ZHI; Cassiabarktree Twig. Used part: twig. TCM Effects: Todissipate cold and resolve exterior, warm channels and free networkvessels, promote yang and transform qi. TCM Indications: Wind-coldexterior syndrome, cold-damp impediment pain, reversal cold of limbs,amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, concretion and conglomeration, chestimpediment, palpitation, phlegm-rheum, inhibited urination. Isolatedcompounds: 1263, 1264, 3693, 3695, 3696, 4140, 5665, 5763, 9908,13678, 13882, 13882, 17869, 19983.T1439 Cinnamomum cassia [Syn. Cinnamomum aromaticum] (Lauraceae);ROU GUI; Cassiabarktree. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Tosupplement fire and reinforce yang, return fire to its source, dissipatecold and relieve pain, quicken blood and free menstruation. TCMIndications: Impotence, uterus cold, cold pain in lumbus and knees,kidney vacuity asthma, yang vacuity dizziness, red eyes and sorepharynx, cold pain in heart and abdomen, vacuity cold vomiting anddiarrhea, cold mounting, running piglet, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea.Isolated compounds: 3693, 3695, 3726, 4140, 6857, 7430, 13678,17869, 17876, 17878, 17888, 17890, 17893, 21923.T1440 Cinnamomum glanduliferum (Lauraceae); YUN NAN ZHANG; NepalCamphortree. Used part: fruit or wood. TCM Effects: To dispel windand dissipate cold, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, cough, wind-damp impediment pain,distending pain in stomach duct, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 6745,15204.T1441 Cinnamomum japonicum (Lauraceae); GUI PI; Japanese Cinnamon.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To warm spleen and stomach, warmliver and kidney, dispel cold and relieve pain, dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, aching cold in lumbus and knees,cold mounting with abdominal pain, cold-damp impediment pain,dysmenorrhea, blood dysentery, intestinal wind, painful swelling fromknocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3693, 3695, 7521.T1442 Cinnamomum loureirii (Lauraceae); MU GUI; Loureir Cinnamon*.Isolated compounds: 4140.T1443 Cinnamomum parthenoxylum [Syn. Cinnamomum porrectum](Lauraceae); XIANG ZHANG; Yellow Cinnamon. Used part: root,bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold, warmcenter and relieve pain, move qi and quicken blood. TCM Indications:

402Wind-cold common cold, wind-damp impediment pain, stomach coldabdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, knocks and falls, menstrualdisorder. Isolated compounds: 7521, 20988.T1444 Cinnamomum tamala (Lauraceae); SAN TIAO JIN; Tibet CinnamonBark. Used part: bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To warm channels andfree network vessels, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Cold-damp impediment pain, pain in stomach duct and abdomen,dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3693, 7521.T1445 Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Lauraceae); XI LAN ROU GUI; CeylonCinnamon. Isolated compounds: 3693, 8392, 8393, 9490, 15940,20113, 20114.T1446 Cipadessa baccifera (Meliaceae); YA LUO CHUN; BacciformCipadessa. Used part: root, leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind andresolve exterior, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Common cold,itchy skin, malaria. Isolated compounds: 3734, 6100, 7117, 7118.T1447 Cirisum japonica var. takaoense (Asteraceae); TAI WAN JI; TaiwanThistle*. Isolated compounds: 16756.T1448 Cirsium chinense (Asteraceae); KU AO; Chinese Thistle. Used part:herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood andquicken blood. TCM Indications: Vexation and oppression due tosummerheat-heat, flooding and spotting, blood ejection from knocksand falls, hemorrhoids, clove sore. Isolated compounds: 3742, 3744.T1449 Cirsium japonicum (Asteraceae); DA JI (4) ; Japanese Thistle. Used part:aerial parts or root. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding,dispel stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Spontaneousexternal bleeding, blood ejection, hematuria, hematochezia, floodingand spotting, bleeding due to external injury, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 1110, 1112, 1113, 9497, 16756,20369, 20706, 20707.T1450 Cirsium lineare (Asteraceae); TIAO YE JI; Linearleaf Thistle. Usedpart: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipatestasis, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, mastitis, knocks andfalls, urinary tract infection, welling abscess and boil, snake bite.Isolated compounds: 3743.T1451 Cirsium setosum [Syn. Cerratula setosa; Cirsium segetum;Cephalanoplos segetum] (Asteraceae); XIAO JI; Setose Thistle. Usedpart: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanchbleeding, clear heat and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Coughing of blood, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematuria, blood strangury, hematochezia, blood dysentery, floodingand spotting, bleeding due to external injury, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 3551, 19087, 20706.T1452 Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae); XI SHENG TENG; CommonCissampelos. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To relieve pain,stanch bleeding, engender flesh. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls,asthma, heart disease. Isolated compounds: 2191, 3747, 3748, 4461,9250, 9251, 9252, 11329, 14266, 15762, 15792, 16660, 16661, 16662,18410, 21206.T1453 Cissampelos pareira var. hirsute (Menispermaceae); YA HU NU;Hirsute Cissampelos*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To relievepain, stanch bleeding, engender flesh. TCM Indications: Knocks andfalls, wind-damp lumbago, heart disease. Isolated compounds: 16660.T1454 Cissus pallida (Vitaceae); CANG BAI FEN TENG; Pale Treebine*.Isolated compounds: 16550.T1455 Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae); ROU CONG RONG;Desertliving Cistanche. Equivalent plant: Cistanche salsa. Used part:fleshy stem. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and invigorate yang,boost essence and blood, moisten intestines and free stool. TCMIndications: Impotence, infertility, backache, limp aching lumbus andknees, weakness in sinews and bones, intestinal dry and constipation.Isolated compounds: 305, 580, 815, 2156, 2318, 2356, 2446, 2449,2564, 3749, 3750, 3752, 3753, 3754, 3755, 3757, 3758, 3759, 4680,4830, 5159, 5189, 6343, 6353, 6422, 6472, 6720, 6952, 8277, 8768,9359, 9360, 9378, 10141, 12916, 14435, 14525, 14693, 15134, 15669,15671, 16252, 17093, 18221, 19983, 19996, 20280, 20444, 20555,21541, 22093, 22094.T1456 Cistanche salsa (Orobanchaceae); YAN SHENG ROU CONG RONG;Saline Cistanche. Used part: fleshy stem. TCM Effects: See Cistanchedeserticola. TCM Indications: See Cistanche deserticola. Isolatedcompounds: 580, 3753, 3754, 3755, 3757, 3758, 18221.T1457 Cistanche sp. (Orobanchaceae). Isolated compounds: 17080.T1458 Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae); GUAN HUA ROU CONGRONG; Tubeshaped Flower Cistanche. Isolated compounds: 618, 652,4225, 4902, 4903, 5159, 9071, 10061, 10141, 11725, 15134, 20555,22093, 22095, 22096, 22097, 22252.T1459 Cistus parviflorus (Cistaceae); XIAO XING HUA YAN QIANG WEI.Isolated compounds: 9423.T1460 Citrullus colocynthis (Cucurbitaceae); YAO XI GUA; Wild Gourd.Isolated compounds: 4317, 4327, 20168.T1461 Citrullus ecirrhosus (Cucurbitaceae); WU JUAN XU XI GUA;Non-cirrose Citrullus*. Isolated compounds: 4324, 4327.T1462 Citrullus naudinianus (Cucurbitaceae); NA SHI XI GUA; NaudinCitrullus*. Isolated compounds: 4324.T1463 Citrullus sp. (Cucurbitaceae). Isolated compounds: 4322.T1464 Citrullus vulgaris [Syn. Citrullus lanatus] (Cucurbitaceae); XI GUA;Watermelon. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvesummerheat, resolve summerheat and engender liquid, disinhibit urine.TCM Indications: Summerheat-heat vexation and thirst, exuberantheat fluid damage, inhibited urination, throat impediment, mouth sore.Isolated compounds: 1046, 1048, 1063, 3774, 8826, 11752, 17264.T1465 Citrullus vulgaris [Syn. Citrullus lanatus] (Cucurbitaceae); XI GUA ZIREN; Watermelon Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear lungand transform phlegm, harmonize center and moisten intestines. TCMIndications: Hemoptysis, enduring cough, constipation. Isolatedcompounds: 1063.T1466 Citrus aurantifolia (Rutaceae); LAI MENG; Lime. Isolatedcompounds: 11716, 22781.T1467 Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae); ZHI KE; Seville Orange Unripe Fruit.Equivalent plant: Poncirus trifoliata. Used part: unripe fruit. TCMEffects: To break qi and move phlegm, harmonize stomach anddisperse accumulation. TCM Indications: Phlegm stagnation in chestand diaphragm, glomus in chest, distention in rib-side, foodaccumulation, retching counterflow. Isolated compounds: 9458, 14796,15286, 15635, 15882, 19784, 19929, 20434, 22044, 22976.T1468 Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae); ZHI SHI; Seville Orange Young Fruit.

403Equivalent plant: Citrus wilsonii, Poncirus trifoliata. Used part: youngfruit. TCM Effects: To break qi and dissipate glomus, disperse phlegmand transform accumulation. TCM Indications: Shock, indigestion,ptosis of anus or uterus, cardiac failure, distention fullness in chest andabdomen, phlegm aggregation. Isolated compounds: 1497, 9458, 9964,11493, 11716, 12847, 12987, 14796, 15286, 15404, 15656, 15657,19929, 20552, 20670, 21185, 21913.T1469 Citrus aurantium var. amara (Rutaceae); DAI DAI HUA; Bitter Citrus.Used part: dried flower bud. TCM Effects: To regulate qi, soothe liver,harmonize stomach. TCM Indications: Oppression in chest due toglomus, distending pain in stomach duct and abdomen, vomiting,reduced food intake. Isolated compounds: 3763, 3764, 3768, 7734,11824, 14142, 15498, 15500, 20998.T1470 Citrus bergamia (Rutaceae); XIANG NING MENG; Bergamot Orange.Isolated compounds: 2309.T1471 Citrus chachiensis (Rutaceae); GAN; Chachi Citrus. Equivalent plant:Citrus unshiu, Citrus tankan, Citrus cultivars, Citrus decumana. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To engender liquid and allay thirst, arouseliquor, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Heat vexation in chest,drunkenness, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: no.T1472 Citrus chachiensis (Rutaceae); GAN PI; Chachi Citrus Pericarp.Equivalent plant: Citrus tankan. Used part: pericarp. TCM Effects: Toprecipitate qi and regulate center, transform phlegm, arouse liquor.TCM Indications: Dietary imbalance after illness, qi ascent withvexation and fullness, liquor damage with thirst. Isolated compounds:4473, 9458, 14796, 20552.T1473 Citrus cultivars (Rutaceae); ZAI PEI GAN JU; Cultivated Citrus*.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Citrus chachiensis. TCMIndications: See Citrus chachiensis. Isolated compounds: 8307.T1474 Citrus decumana (Rutaceae); ZHU LUAN; Pomelo. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: See Citrus chachiensis. TCM Indications: See Citruschachiensis. Isolated compounds: 15286, 17829.T1475 Citrus depressa (Rutaceae); BIAN PING JU; Depressed Orange.Isolated compounds: 17829.T1476 Citrus erythrosa (Rutaceae); ZHU JU; Red Orange. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: See Citrus tangemna. TCM Indications: See Citrustangemna. Isolated compounds: 3241, 4029, 9669, 15655.T1477 Citrus funadoko (Rutaceae); ZHOU CHANG JU; Funadoko Orange* .Isolated compounds: 17829.T1478 Citrus grandis (Rutaceae); YOU (4) ; Pummelo. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To disperse food, transform phlegm, arouse liquor. TCMIndications: Food stagnation, inappetence, drunkenness. Isolatedcompounds: 1497, 14142, 15279, 15282, 15286, 15882, 17705, 21185,21913, 22195.T1479 Citrus grandis (Rutaceae); YOU HE; Pummelo Seed. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To course liver and rectify qi, diffuse lung and suppresscough. TCM Indications: Mounting qi, lung cold cough. Isolatedcompounds: 4757, 15882.T1480 Citrus grandis cv. x Citrus paradisi (Rutaceae); YOU PU TAO YOUZA JIAO ZHONG. Isolated compounds: 7904.T1481 Citrus grandis f. buntan (Rutaceae); WEN DAN YOU; BuntanPummelo*. Isolated compounds: 17829.T1482 Citrus grandis f. hakunikuju (Rutaceae); BAI YOU; White Pummelo*.Isolated compounds: 17829.T1483 Citrus grandis var. tomentosa (Rutaceae); HUA ZHOU YOU;Tomentase Pummelo. Used part: maturescent exocarp. TCM Effects:To dry damp and transform phlegm, rectify qi, disperse food. TCMIndications: Wind-cold cough and asthma with abundant phlegm,vomiting and hiccough, non-digestion of food accumulation,distending pain in stomach duct and abdomen. Isolated compounds:1497, 11716, 15279, 15286, 19929, 20670, 21913.T1484 Citrus hassaku (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 5063, 5686, 8981,11970, 14092, 15737, 16257, 16260, 19784, 22777, 22781.T1485 Citrus jambhiri (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3788, 5098, 15737,17706, 22781.T1486 Citrus junos (Rutaceae); CHENG ZI; Fragrant Citrus. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To loosen chest and disinhibit qi, harmonize center andpromote digestion, resolve liquor, resolve toxin of fish and crab. TCMIndications: Nausea and vomiting, oppression in chest and abdomendistention, goiter and tuberculosis, drunkenness. Isolated compounds:3761, 3788, 5134, 6498, 7909, 11493, 12847, 15655, 15656, 15737,15882, 16260, 17706, 19784, 22777.T1487 Citrus junos (Rutaceae); CHENG ZI HE; Fragrant Citrus Seed. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Mounting qi, strangury, lumbago. Isolated compounds:12847, 15655, 15882.T1488 Citrus junos (Rutaceae); CHENG ZI PI; Pericarp. Used part: pericarp.TCM Effects: To transform phlegm, disinhibit diaphragm, dispersefood, check vomiting. TCM Indications: Qi stagnation in chest anddiaphragm, cough with profuse phlegm, non-digestion of foodaccumulation, nausea and vomiting, drunkenness. Isolated compounds:3761, 8343, 8344.T1489 Citrus kinokuni (Rutaceae); RU JU; Kinokuni Citrus. Isolatedcompounds: 10593, 16865, 16866.T1490 Citrus limon (Rutaceae); NING MENG; Lemon. Equivalent plant:Citrus limonia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To engender liquid andallay thirst, dispel summerheat, quiet fetus. TCM Indications: Stomachheat fluid damage, summerheat stroke with vexation and thirst,inappetence, glomus distention in stomach duct and abdomen, lungheat dry cough, vomiting in pregnancy. Isolated compounds: 1956,2887, 3760, 3767, 3770, 4135, 6454, 8313, 9044, 9456, 9458, 11492,12839, 12841, 12850, 13126, 15286, 18421, 19912, 22520, 22781.T1491 Citrus limon (Rutaceae); NING MENG GEN; Lemon Root. Equivalentplant: Citrus limonia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel stasisand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, rabid dog bite.Isolated compounds: 4134, 7768, 10640, 10641, 22781.T1492 Citrus limon (Rutaceae); NING MENG PI; Lemon Pericarp.Equivalent plant: Citrus limonia. Used part: pericarp. TCM Effects: Tosoothe stagnation and move qi, fortify stomach and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Blood stasis and abdominal pain, menstrual disorder, nothought of food and drink. Isolated compounds: 2011, 2012, 2455,2887, 6454, 7768, 8313, 9458, 11650, 15286, 15404, 18344, 19912.T1493 Citrus limon (Rutaceae); NING MENG YE; Lemon Leaf. Equivalentplant: Citrus limonia. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To relieve coughand transform phlegm, rectify qi and harmonize stomach, checkdiarrhea. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma, abdominal distention,

404diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 663, 4134, 17168.T1494 Citrus limonia (Rutaceae); LI MENG; Lemonlike Citrus. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: See Citrus limon. TCM Indications: See Citruslimon. Isolated compounds: 663, 3760, 3767, 13126, 22336, 22520.T1495 Citrus limonia (Rutaceae); LI MENG GEN; Lemonlike Citrus Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Citrus limon. TCM Indications: SeeCitrus limon. Isolated compounds: 4133, 8307, 10608, 10642, 19912.T1496 Citrus limonia (Rutaceae); LI MENG PI; Lemonlike Citrus Pericarp.Used part: pericarp. TCM Effects: See Citrus limon. TCM Indications:See Citrus limon. Isolated compounds: 9458, 19983, 19984.T1497 Citrus limonia (Rutaceae); LI MENG YE; Lemonlike Citrus Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Citrus limon. TCM Indications: SeeCitrus limon. Isolated compounds: 7768, 8307, 10608, 13126, 19912,22520.T1498 Citrus medica (Rutaceae); JU YUAN; Medicinal Citron. Equivalentplant: Citrus wilsonii. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To rectify qi anddownbear counterflow, strengthen spleen, transform phlegm. TCMIndications: Oppression in chest, pain in rib-side, distending pain instomach duct, belching and low food intake, vomiting due to liverstomach qi stagnation, phlegm-damp congestion, cough with profusephlegm. Isolated compounds: 3760, 3766, 3770, 4680, 8313, 9458,12843, 12850, 13419, 15882, 17055, 17264, 20444.T1499 Citrus medica (Rutaceae); JU YUAN YE; Medicinal Citron Leaf.Isolated compounds: 3770, 11601.T1500 Citrus medica var. etrog (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3788, 7913,9643, 11970, 15737, 17706, 19540, 19542, 22195, 22781.T1501 Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis (Rutaceae); FO SHOU; FleshfingeredCitron. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain,fortify stomach and resolve phlegm. TCM Indications: Stomachache,distention in rib-side, vomiting, dysphagia-occlusion, phlegm-rheumcough asthma. Isolated compounds: 3770, 4493, 4494, 6454, 9458,12836, 12837, 21707, 21854.T1502 Citrus nobilis (Rutaceae); CHUAN JU; King Orange. Isolatedcompounds: 15635.T1503 Citrus paradisi (Rutaceae); PU TAO YOU; Grapefruit. Isolatedcompounds: 15286, 15705, 20434.T1505 Citrus paradisi x Citrus tangerina (Rutaceae); PU TAO YOU DAHONG JU ZA JIAO ZHONG. Isolated compounds: 3779, 13002.T1504 Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae); JU HE; Tangerine Seed. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain, resolve binds. TCMIndications: Mounting qi, painful swollen testes, mammary wellingabscess, lumbago, bladder qi pain. Isolated compounds: 15655, 15882.T1506 Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae); JU PI; Tangerine Pericarp. Used part:pericarp. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and downbear counterflow,regulate center and increase appetite, dry damp and transform phlegm.TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach qi stagnation and damp obstruction,lung qi block, cough with profuse phlegm, mammary welling abscess,indigestion, vomiting. Isolated compounds: 2225, 2275, 2452, 3195,3231, 3762, 3767, 3768, 4550, 4833, 5088, 6385, 7582, 7729, 9458,9510, 9674, 10594, 10751, 10752, 10796, 11617, 11618, 11619, 11716,12843, 12847, 12849, 13728, 15146, 15286, 15498, 15635, 15636,15925, 15973, 15977, 16871, 16930, 17055, 17376, 19039, 19100,19211, 19927, 19929, 19983, 20552, 20670, 20988, 20990, 20995,20998, 21185, 21349, 21360, 21858, 21913, 22976.T1507 Citrus rugulosa (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 5098, 7909, 11970,16257, 16260, 17706, 19784, 22781.T1508 Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae); TIAN CHENG; Sweet Orange. Used part:ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To move qi, precipitate qi, relieve pain,disperse distention, free milk. TCM Indications: Galactostasis. Isolatedcompounds: 3214, 3760, 9456, 11692, 12839, 12848, 15135, 15266,15283, 15287, 15500, 15636, 15882, 17171, 19927, 19928, 19929,21913, 22854.T1509 Citrus sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 2833, 11025, 13126, 13212,15287, 15393, 16261, 17376, 17705, 20566, 20670.T1510 Citrus spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12840, 12847, 15278,17090.T1511 Citrus sudachii (Rutaceae); SU DA QI GAN JU; Sudach Citrus*.Isolated compounds: 9564, 10958, 12847, 14524, 15882, 20448,20449, 20450, 22768.T1512 Citrus sulcata (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 5098, 7909, 9643,10710, 16257, 16260, 19540, 22195.T1513 Citrus tachibana (Rutaceae); LI HUA JU; Japanese Tachibana. Isolatedcompounds: 5098, 11970, 12220, 16260, 17706, 19784, 21499, 22781.T1514 Citrus tamurana (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3788, 5098, 7203,8980, 9643, 10710, 14092, 15737, 16257, 16260, 17706, 19540,21499, 22777, 22781.T1515 Citrus tangemna (Rutaceae); FU JU; Blessing Citrus*. Equivalentplant: Citrus erythrosa. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To moisten lungand engender liquid, rectify qi and harmonize stomach. TCMIndications: Diabetes mellitus, retching counterflow, qi bind in chestand diaphragm. Isolated compounds: 3241, 4029, 9669, 15655, 15882.T1516 Citrus tankan (Rutaceae); JIAO GAN; Tankan Citrus. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: See Citrus chachiensis. TCM Indications: See Citruschachiensis. Isolated compounds: 9458, 11716, 15635, 19929, 20369,21185, 22781.T1517 Citrus tankan (Rutaceae); JIAO GAN PI; Tankan Citrus Pericarp. Usedpart: pericarp. TCM Effects: See Citrus chachiensis. TCM Indications:See Citrus chachiensis. Isolated compounds: 9458, 15635.T1518 Citrus unshiu (Rutaceae); WU HE MI JU; Satsuma. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: See Citrus chachiensis. TCM Indications: See Citruschachiensis. Isolated compounds: 9456, 9458, 11691, 15279, 15286,15404.T1519 [Citrus unshiu x Citrus sinensis] x Citrus iyo (Rutaceae); SANZHONG JU ZA JIAO ZHONG [xx. Isolated compounds: 22194.T1520 Citrus wilsonii (Rutaceae); XIANG YUAN; Wilson Citron. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: See Citrus medica. TCM Indications: See Citrusmedica. Isolated compounds: 2017, 3770, 13127, 15882, 22920.T1521 Citrus wilsonii (Rutaceae); XIANG YUAN ZHI SHI; Wilson OrangeYoung Fruit. Used part: young fruit. TCM Effects: See Citrusaurantium. TCM Indications: See Citrus aurantium. Isolatedcompounds: 14796.T1522 Citrus yuko (Rutaceae); YU KE GAN JU; Yuko Citrus*. Isolatedcompounds: 15882.T1523 Cladonia chlorophaea (Cladoniaceae); LA BA FEN SHI RUI. Isolatedcompounds: 16571.T1524 Cladonia convoluta (Cladoniaceae); ZONG JUAN SHI RUI. Isolated

405compounds: 7998, 14697, 17970, 22281.T1525 Cladonia fallax (Cladoniaceae); JIN SHUA BA; Fallax CladoniaLichen. Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To relieve pain, calm. TCMIndications: Epilepsy, schizophrenia, neurasthenia, dizziness and dimvision. Isolated compounds: 7996, 7998, 22282.T1526 Cladonia rangiferina (Cladoniaceae); SHI RUI; Reindeer Moss. Usedpart: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, moisten dryness, cool liver,transform phlegm, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: heat vexationand disquiet, dry throat and phlegm node, dim vision and eye screen,heat strangury, jaundice. Isolated compounds: 1990, 7996, 7998.T1527 Cladonia sp. (Cladoniaceae). Isolated compounds: 22282.T1528 Cladonia stellaris [Syn. Cladonia alpestris] (Cladoniaceae); TAI BAIHUA; Stellate Cladonia. Used part: branch-like body. TCM Effects: Tocalm liver and brighten eyes, regulate menstruation and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Wind yang harassing upper body,dizziness and dim vision, migraine, eye diseases, nosebleed(epistaxis),menstrual disorder, leukorrhea. Isolated compounds: 7951, 16967,18090, 22282.T1529 Cladonia verticillata (Cladoniaceae); XIAO LA BA; VerticillateCladonia. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Cough, bleeding due to external injury,scalds. Isolated compounds: 7661, 15798, 20342.Cladosiphon decipiens = Nemacystus decipiensT1530 Cladostachys amaranthoides [Syn. Achyranthes amaranthoides;Cladostachys frutescens; Deeringia amaranthoides] (Rutaceae); JIUCENG FENG. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel windand remove damp, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, dysentery, diarrhea. Isolated compounds:18722, 18723, 18727.T1531 Cladrastis spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004.T1532 Clausena anisata (Rutaceae); BA JIAO HUANG PI; Octet Wampee*.Isolated compounds: 1186, 16261.T1533 Clausena dentata (Rutaceae); YE HUANG PI; Henry Wampee. Usedpart: leaf and root. TCM Effects: To soothe wind and rectify qi, dispeldamp and transform stasis. TCM Indications: Common cold, measlespapules, asthma, stomachache, rheumatism, edema, sprain andcontusion, fracture, dislocation. Isolated compounds: 5134, 15737.T1534 Clausena dunniana (Rutaceae); HEI GUO HUANG PI; Dunn Wampee.Used part: leaf and root. TCM Effects: To soothe wind and rectify qi,dispel damp and transform stasis. TCM Indications: Common cold,measles papules, asthma, stomachache, rheumatism, edema, sprain andcontusion, fracture, dislocation. Isolated compounds: 6637, 6638.Clausena euchrestifolia = Murraya euchrestifoliaT1535 Clausena excavata (Rutaceae); SHAN HUANG PI; Hollowed Wampee.Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To course wind and resolveexterior, move qi and relieve pain, interrupt malaria, kill worms. TCMIndications: Infection of upper respiratory tract, influenza, malaria,abdominal pain, knocks and falls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 3788,3790, 3791, 3792, 3793, 3794, 3795, 3796, 3797, 3798, 3799, 3800,3801, 3802, 3803, 3804, 3805, 3806, 3807, 3808, 5134, 6296, 7897,8832, 9410, 10126, 10478, 14216, 14217, 14254, 15027, 15028,15118, 15737, 22777, 22971.T1536 Clausena heptaphylla (Rutaceae); QI YE HUANG PI; HeptaleafWampee*. Isolated compounds: 9410, 14144, 14216.T1537 Clausena lansium (Rutaceae); HUANG PI GEN; Chinese WampeeRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Qi stagnation stomachache, abdominal pain,mounting pain, wind-damp bone pain, dysmenorrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 16154.T1538 Clausena lansium (Rutaceae); HUANG PI YE; Chinese Wampee Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and resolve exterior,move qi and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Warm disease fever,cough and asthma, qi distention abdominal pain, yellow swelling,malaria, inhibited urination, heat toxin scab and lai. Isolatedcompounds: 3789, 4484, 15366.T1539 Clausena sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 16261.T1540 Claviceps paspali (Clavicipitaceae); QUE BAI MAI JIAO; PaspalumErgot*. Isolated compounds: 11516.T1541 Claviceps purpurea (Clavicipitaceae); MAI JIAO; Ergot. Used part:sclerotium. TCM Effects: To contract uterus and stanch bleeding,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Postpartum bleeding, migraine.Isolated compounds: 351, 749, 763, 3477, 3814, 4125, 6765, 7231,7232, 7233, 7234, 7235, 7236, 7237, 7238, 7240, 7241, 7242, 7243,7244, 7250, 7252, 7253, 7254, 9071, 9530, 9568, 11516, 11712, 13256,14133, 14410, 14411, 14412, 14413, 16808, 19599, 19600, 19601,19602, 19605, 19789, 22158, 22558.T1542 Clavularia viridis CHONG SHENG RUAN SHAN HU; OkinawanSoftcoral Clavularia viridis. Isolated compounds: 17773, 17774,17775.T1543 Cleistanthus collinus (Euphorbiaceae); QIU SHENG BI HUA MU.Isolated compounds: 3816.T1544 Cleistocalyx operculatus (Myrtaceae); SHUI RONG; LiddedCleistocalyx. Used part: bud. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dispel summerheat and engender liquid, disperse stagnation anddisinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Fever and headache due to externalcontraction, summerheat-heat and vexation and thirst, heat toxindiarrhea dysentery, accumulation with abdominal distention. Isolatedcompounds: 7903, 7905.T1545 Clematis chinensis (Ranunculaceae); WEI LING XIAN; ChineseClematis. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, free network vessels and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Common cold, tonsillitis, acute icterohepatitis, laryngitis, rheumaticarthritis, wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs,hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, bone stuck in throat. Isolatedcompounds: 1178, 1179, 3340, 3818, 3822, 3824, 3825, 3826, 3827,5209, 6767, 8727, 8728, 8729, 9260, 9276, 16055, 16056, 16057,16058, 16060, 16061, 16063, 17943, 17944, 17946, 17947, 17948,17949, 17950, 18714, 18715, 18716, 18835, 18836.T1546 Clematis tangutica (Ranunculaceae); GAN QING TIE XIAN LIAN;Tangut Clematis. Used part: whole herb or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Tofortify stomach and disperse accumulation, resolve toxin andtransform damp. TCM Indications: Non-digestion of foodaccumulation, abdominal fullness with glomus and congestion,abdominal pain and diarrhea, welling abscess and sores, damp sore.Isolated compounds: 1572, 8606.T1547 Clematis terniflora [Syn. Clematis maximowicziana] (Ranunculaceae);

406BAI HUA TENG; Threeflower Clematis. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, resolve toxin and disperseswelling, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, swelling toxin of clove sore, throatimpediment, snake bite, dog bite, blood ejection, hemoptysis, floodingand spotting. Isolated compounds: 17965.T1548 Clematis tibetana (Ranunculaceae); XI ZANG TIE XIAN LIAN; TibetClematis*. Isolated compounds: 819, 3343, 3819, 3820, 3821, 9275,9276, 9573, 9695, 17946, 17947, 17949.T1549 Clematoclethra scanden (Actinidiaceae); GANG MAO TENG SHANLIU; Hisped Vineclethra. Isolated compounds: 21860.T1550 Cleome gynandra [Syn. Gynandropsis gynandra] (Capparidaceae);BAI HUA CAI ZI; Common Spiderflower Seed. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold, quicken blood andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold sinew and bone numbness,aching pain in back and shoulder, lumbago, swelling pain due toexternal injury, bone tuberculosis, hemorrhoids and fistulas. Isolatedcompounds: 3828.T1551 Cleome icosandra (Capparidaceae); DUO RUI BAI HUA CAI;Multipistillate Spiderflower*. Isolated compounds: 3829.T1552 Cleome viscosa (Capparidaceae); HUANG HUA CAO; YellowflowerSpiderflower*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dissipatestasis and disperse swelling, dispel wind and relieve pain, engenderflesh and cure sores. TCM Indications: Painful swelling from knocksand falls, taxation damage and lumbago, mounting qi (hernia),headache, dysentery, ulcerating sores, purulence in ear top, red eyesand itch-pain, strangury-turbidity and vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 3829.T1553 Clerodendranthus spicatus (Lamiaceae); MAO XU CAO; SpicateClerodendranthus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand dispel damp, expel stone and disinhibit water. TCM Indications:Acute nephritis, chronic nephritis, cystitis, urethral stone, rheumaticarthritis. Isolated compounds: 11085, 16050, 19211, 19929, 22270.T1554 Clerodendron cyrtophyllum (Verbenaceae); LU BIAN QING;Manyflower Glorybower Leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Febrile diseases due to external contraction, exuberantheat and vexation thirst, swelling pain in throat, mouth sore, jaundice,heat toxin dysentery, acute enteritis, swelling toxin of welling abscessand flat abscess, spontaneous external bleeding, blood strangury,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 3842, 3844, 4589,7951, 16822, 19984, 20369, 20465.T1555 Clerodendron fortunatum (Verbenaceae); GUI DENG LONG;Redcalyx Glotybower. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, suppress cough and dispel wind. TCMIndications: Common cold, throat pain, cough, lung disease,stomachache, abdominal pain, swollen boil, knocks and falls,rheumatism. Isolated compounds: 3841, 3842, 3843, 3844.T1556 Clerodendron fragrans (Verbenaceae); CHOU MO LI; FragrantGlorybower. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp bone pain, beriberi, edema, hemorrhoids,prolapse of rectum, itchy papules, scab sore, chronic medullitis.Isolated compounds: 4434, 7428, 9564, 10351, 16777, 19582, 19587.T1557 Clerodendron indicum (Verbenaceae); CHANG GUAN JIA MO LI;Indian Glorybower. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To eliminateinflammation and disinhibit urine, quicken blood and disperseswelling, dispel wind-damp. TCM Indications: Urinary tract infection,cystitis, sprain from knocks and falls, wind-damp bone pain. Isolatedcompounds: 9564, 21534.T1558 Clerodendron inerme (Verbenaceae); SHUI HU MAN; UnarmedGlorybower. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To dispel stasis,disperse swelling, eliminate damp, kill worms. TCM Indications:Stasis swelling from knocks and falls, eczema, sore and scab. Isolatedcompounds: 3585, 7428, 19211.T1559 Clerodendron infortunatum (Verbenaceae); QIAN YU DA QING;Unfortunate Glorybower. Isolated compounds: 3841.T1560 Clerodendron myricoides (Verbenaceae); YANG MEI CHANG SHAN;Bayberry Glorybower*. Isolated compounds: 15189.T1561 Clerodendron serratum (Verbenaceae); SAN TAI HONG HUA;Serrate Glorybower. Equivalent plant: Clerodendrum serratum var.amplexifolium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Damp-heatdysentery, strangury syndrome, wind-damp-heat impediment, bloodstasis and dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls, swelling pain in throat,swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, urticaria, malaria.Isolated compounds: 13504, 18415, 19765.T1562 Clerodendron trichotomum (Verbenaceae); CHOU WU TONG;Harlequin Glorybower Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, lower blood pressure, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications:Hypertension, malaria, wind-damp impediment, numbness in limbs,hemiplegia, migraine, dysentery, hemorrhoids, welling abscess and flatabscess, scab sore. Isolated compounds: 58, 3837, 21578.T1563 Clerodendron trichotomum (Verbenaceae); CHOU WU TONG GEN;Harlequin Glorybower Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve pain, move qi and disperse food. TCM Indications:Malaria, wind-damp impediment pain, hypertension, foodaccumulation, child gan accumulation, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3842, 3843, 3844.T1564 Clerodendron trichotomum var. fargesii (Verbenaceae); AI TONG ZI;Farges Glorybower*. Isolated compounds: 3839.T1565 Clerodendrum bungei (Verbenaceae); CHOU MU DAN; RoseGlorybower (Clerodendrum). Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Toresolve toxin and disperse swelling, dispel wind-damp, lower bloodpressure. TCM Indications: Welling abscess and flat abscess, clovesore, effusion of back, mammary welling abscess, hemorrhoids,eczema, erysipelas, wind-damp impediment pain, hypertension.Isolated compounds: 2746, 3838.T1566 Clerodendrum inerme (Verbenaceae); KU LANG SHU; UnarmedGlorybower. TCM Effects: To dispel stasis and stanch bleeding, drydamp and kill worms. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, blood stasisswelling and pain, blood ejection due to internal damage, bleeding dueto external injury, sore lichen and scab lai, eczema with pruritus.Isolated compounds: 5670, 7429, 11033, 11034, 14432, 15667, 16825,18599, 19228, 19229.

407T1567 Clerodendrum mandarinorum (Verbenaceae); HAI TONG; TomentoseGlorybower. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andfree network vessels. TCM Indications: Hemiplegia, sequel ofpoliomyelitis. Isolated compounds: 13477.T1568 Clerodendrum nucinatum (Verbenaceae). Isolated compounds: 22213.T1569 Clerodendrum serratum var. amplexifolium (Verbenaceae); SAN TAIHUA; Amplexifolious Glorybower. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: See Clerodendron serratum. TCM Indications: SeeClerodendron serratum. Isolated compounds: 19775.T1570 Clerodendrum thomsonae (Verbenaceae); LONG TU ZHU;Bleedingheart Glorybower. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, chronic tympanitis.Isolated compounds: 409, 816, 2004, 13710, 18628.T1571 Cleyera ochnacea [Syn. Cleyera japonica] (Theaceae); YANG TONG;Japanese Cleyera. Isolated compounds: 10513.T1572 Clinacanthus siamensis (Acanthaceae); TAI GUO NIU XU HUA;Thailand Clinacanthus*; Lin-Nguu-Hao (Thai name). Isolatedcompounds: 6809, 6810, 14729, 14731, 14758.T1573 Clinopodium chinense (Lamiaceae); FENG LUN CAI; ChineseClinopodium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course windand clear heat, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Common cold, summerheat stroke, acute cholecystitis, hepatitis,enteritis, dysentery, parotitis, mastitis, swelling toxin of clove sore,allergic dermatitis, acute conjunctivitis. Isolated compounds: 3845,11691.T1574 Clintonia alpina (Liliaceae); LEI GONG QI; Common Broadlily. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 9334.T1575 Cliona celata (Clionidae) YIN JU CHUAN BEI HAI MIAN;Burrowing sponge. Isolated compounds: 17729.T1576 Clitocybe clavipes (Tricholomataceae) BANG BING BEI SAN;Fat-footed Clitocybe. Isolated compounds: 3811, 3812.T1577 Clitoria ternatea (Fabaceae); HU DIE HUA DOU; Asian Pigeonwings.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To relieve pain. TCM Indications: Painin joints. Isolated compounds: 618, 5029, 5030, 12088, 15175, 18389.T1578 Clivia miniata (Amaryllidaceae); JUN ZI LAN; Scarlet Kafirlily.Isolated compounds: 9547, 13241.T1579 Cneorum pulverulentum (Cneoraceae); BEI FEN NAI AO LE MU.Isolated compounds: 18097.T1580 Cnicus benedictu DI ZHONG HAI JU. Isolated compounds: 15806,15809.T1581 Cnidium japonicum (Apiaceae); BING SHE CHUANG; JapaneseCnidium. Isolated compounds: 1619.T1582 Cnidium monnieri (Apiaceae); SHE CHUANG ZI; Common Cnidium.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm kidney and invigorate yang,dispel wind, dry damp, kill worms. TCM Indications: Impotence,scrotal damp itch, vaginal discharge, pudendal itch, trichomoniasis,eczema, infertility due to uterus cold, wind-damp impediment pain,scab and lichen, damp sore. Isolated compounds: 316, 933, 1619, 2309,2309, 3854, 3857, 3935, 3936, 3937, 6709, 11001, 11297, 11601,11755, 11761, 13725, 16261, 18443, 22203, 22774, 22774, 22775.T1583 Cnidium officinale [Syn. Ligusticum officinale] (Apiaceae); YAOYONG SHE CHUANG; Medicinal Ligusticum. Used part: rhizome.TCM Effects: See Ligusticum chuanxiong. TCM Indications: SeeLigusticum chuanxiong. Isolated compounds: 2797, 12825.T1584 Cocculus carolinus (Menispermaceae); MEI GUO QING TENG;Carolina Snailseed*. Isolated compounds: 3864.T1585 Cocculus indicus (Menispermaceae); YIN DU MU FANG JI; IndianSnailseed*. Isolated compounds: 17347, 17349.T1586 Cocculus laurifolius (Menispermaceae); HENG ZHOU WU YAO;Laurelleaf Snailseed. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: Tonormalize qi and loosen chest, dispel wind and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Hypertension, headache, mounting qi, abdominal pain,rheumatic pain in legs. Isolated compounds: 3862, 3863, 3878, 7337,11337, 12571, 14247, 18655, 21887.T1587 Cocculus leaebe (Menispermaceae); Cocculus leaebe. Isolatedcompounds: 16439.T1588 Cocculus pendulus (Menispermaceae); CHUI MU FANG JI; DroopingSnailseed*. Isolated compounds: 3881, 3882, 3883, 4877, 12351,12352.T1589 Cocculus trilobus [Syn. Cocculus sarmentosus] (Menispermaceae);MU FANG JI; Japanese Snailseed. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, free channels and quicken networkvessels, resolve toxin, disperse swelling and settle pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, pain from arthritis, edema,pulmonary edema, edema due to heart disease, neuralgia, dribblingpain of urination, amenorrhea, knocks and falls, swelling pain in throat,toxin swelling of sores, eczema, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 3864, 3865, 3879, 7024, 11747, 11748, 13374, 13713,15777, 21877, 21887.T1590 Cocculus trilobus [Syn. Cocculus sarmentosus] (Menispermaceae);QING TENG XIANG; Japanese Snailseed Stem. Used part: stem-leaf.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, regulate qi andrelieve pain, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, stomachache,abdominal pain, edema, strangury syndrome. Isolated compounds:3864.T1591 Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae); YE ZI; Coconut. Used part: sarcocarp.TCM Effects: To boost qi and fortify spleen, kill worms, disperse gan.TCM Indications: Gan accumulation, fasciolopsiasis. Isolatedcompounds: 7387.T1592 Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae); YE ZI PI; Coconut Root-bark. Used part:root cortex. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Nosebleed(epistaxis), stomachache, vomiting and diarrhea.Isolated compounds: 3880.T1593 Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae); YE ZI RANG; Coconut Albumen. Usedpart: albumen. TCM Effects: To boost qi and fortify spleen, kill worms,disperse gan. TCM Indications: Fasciolopsiasis, gan accumulation.Isolated compounds: 3138, 3139, 3140, 6632, 12569, 15680, 19983,20168, 20369, 21415, 22555, 22561.T1594 Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae); YE ZI YOU; Coconut Oil. Used part: oil.TCM Effects: To kill worms and relieve itch, close sores. TCMIndications: Scab and lichen, frostbite. Isolated compounds: 7978.T1595 Codium fragile (Codiaceae); SHUI SONG; Fragile Codium Frond.Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To clear summerheat and resolve toxin,disinhibit water and disperse edema, expel worms. TCM Indications:

408Edema, stream toxin, inhibited urination, ascariasis, hasten delivery.Isolated compounds: 578, 2222, 3844, 6407, 8011, 8025, 8312, 14450,19964, 19965, 20998.T1596 Codonopsis canescens (Campanulaceae); HUI MAO DANG SHEN;Greyhair Asiabell. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Codonopsispilosula. TCM Indications: See Codonopsis pilosula. Isolatedcompounds: 13507, 22843.T1597 Codonopsis clematidea (Campanulaceae); XIN JIANG DANG SHEN;Clematis Asiabell. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Codonopsispilosula. TCM Indications: See Codonopsis pilosula. Isolatedcompounds: 3886.T1598 Codonopsis convolvulacea (Campanulaceae); JI DAN SHEN;Convolvulate Asiabell. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplementqi and nourish blood, moisten lung and engender liquid. TCMIndications: Blood vaculty, spontaneous sweating, scant breast milk,lung vacuity cough, neurasthenia, mounting qi. Isolated compounds:7465.T1599 Codonopsis pilosula (Campanulaceae); DANG SHEN; Pilose Asiabell.Equivalent plant: Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta, Codonopsistangshen, Codonopsis tubulosa, Codonopsis subglobosa, Codonopsiscanescens, Codonopsis clematidea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tofortify spleen and supplement lung, boost qi and engender liquid.TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach vacuity, reduced food intake andsloppy stool, lassitude in limbs, cough and asthma due to lung vacuity,shortness of breath and spontaneous sweating, qi-blood depletion.Isolated compounds: 1966, 1967, 2056, 2788, 3139, 3140, 3589, 3887,4390, 4672, 6188, 6534, 6795, 7438, 7469, 7768, 7951, 7971, 8012,8817, 9042, 9359, 9360, 9378, 9486, 9531, 10493, 10669, 12569,13507, 13823, 13931, 14023, 14053, 14215, 14484, 14610, 14629,14655, 15203, 15527, 15528, 15671, 15675, 15678, 15684, 15948,16830, 16831, 16968, 17093, 17376, 18267, 18739, 18837, 20168,20169, 20351, 20352, 20367, 20368, 20369, 20372, 20554, 20569,20672, 20711, 20713, 22843.T1600 Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta [Syn. Codonopsis modesta](Campanulaceae); SU HUA DANG SHEN; Moderate Asiabell. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: See Codonopsis pilosula. TCM Indications:See Codonopsis pilosula. Isolated compounds: 7951, 8817, 13823,16968, 17093, 20369, 20711, 20713.T1601 Codonopsis subglobosa (Campanulaceae); QIU HUA DANG SHEN;Subglobose Asiabell. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Codonopsispilosula. TCM Indications: See Codonopsis pilosula. Isolatedcompounds: 1967, 7951, 8817, 13507, 13823, 17093, 20369, 20711,20713, 22843.T1602 Codonopsis tangshen (Campanulaceae); CHUAN DANG SHEN;Szechwan Tangshen. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Codonopsispilosula. TCM Indications: See Codonopsis pilosula. Isolatedcompounds: 1967, 3887, 7951, 8817, 9525, 9527, 9528, 9529, 9532,9533, 13507, 13823, 16968, 17093, 20369, 20569, 20672, 20673,20674, 20675, 20711, 20713, 22843.T1603 Codonopsis tubulosa (Campanulaceae); GUAN HUA DANG SHEN;Tubularflower Asiabell. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Codonopsispilosula. TCM Indications: See Codonopsis pilosula. Isolatedcompounds: 13507, 22843.T1604 Coeloglossum viride [Syn. Coeloglossum viride var. bracteatum](Orchidaceae); AO SHE LAN; Frog Orchid. Used part: tuber. TCMEffects: See Gymnadenia conopsea. TCM Indications: SeeGymnadenia conopsea. Isolated compounds: 3892, 10627, 16168.T1605 Coelogyne cristata (Orchidaceae); MAO CHUN BEI MU LAN;Cristate Coelogyne. Isolated compounds: 3889, 3890, 3891.T1606 Coelogyne ovalis (Orchidaceae); BEI MU LAN; Common Coelogyne.Isolated compounds: 3889, 7811.T1607 Coelospermum billardieri (Rubiaceae); XIN SU GE LAN XUE GUOMU; Newcaledonian Coelospermum*. Isolated compounds: 3888.T1608 Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae); XIAO GUO KA FEI; Arabian Coffeetree.Equivalent plant: Coffea liberica. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Toarouse spirit, disinhibit urine, fortify stomach. TCM Indications:Fatigued spirit, inappetence. Isolated compounds: 1866, 2887, 2892,3551, 5414, 14166, 14167, 14178.T1609 Coffea excelsa (Rubiaceae); GAO KA FEI; High Coffee*. Isolatedcompounds: 2892.T1610 Coffea liberica (Rubiaceae); DA GUO KA FEI; Liberian Coffee. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: See Coffea arabica. TCM Indications: SeeCoffea arabica. Isolated compounds: 2892.T1611 Coffea robusta (Rubiaceae); CU ZHUANG KA FEI; Robust Coffee*.Isolated compounds: 5414.T1612 Coffea sp. (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 1886, 2886, 11328.T1613 Coix lacryma-jobi (Poaceae); YI MI; Adlay. Isolated compounds: 3907,20369.T1614 Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Poaceae); YI YI REN; Jobstears Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and percolate damp,eliminate impediment and check diarrhea, clear heat and expel pus.TCM Indications: Edema, beriberi, inhibited urination, dampimpediment and hypertonicity, spleen vacuity diarrhea, pulmonarywelling abscess, intestinal welling abscess, flat wart. Isolatedcompounds: 3906, 3907.T1615 Cola acuminata (Sterculiaceae); SU DAN KE LE GUO; AcuminateColanut. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To raise spirit. Isolatedcompounds: 2892, 17867, 21310.T1616 Colchicum autumnale (Liliaceae); QIU SHUI XIAN; Meadow Saffron.Used part: corm. Isolated compounds: 3909, 3910, 3911, 3912.T1617 Coleonema pulchellum (Rutaceae); MEI LI BU KU; Rutaceae Diosma.Isolated compounds: 17777.T1618 Coleostephus myconis (Asteraceae); QIAO GUAN JU; CommonColeostephus. Isolated compounds: 15142.T1619 Coleus barbatus (Lamiaceae); RAN MAO QIAO RUI HUA; ForskahlColeus. Isolated compounds: 2147.T1620 Coleus forskahlii (Lamiaceae); MAO HOU QIAO RUI HUA; ForskahlColeus. Isolated compounds: 3915, 3917, 3918.Coleus wulfenioides = Orthosiphon wulfenioidesT1621 Coleus xanthanthus (Lamiaceae); HUANG QIAO RUI HUA;Yellowflower Coleus. Isolated compounds: 146, 358, 3919, 3920,3921, 7062, 22748, 22749, 22750, 22751, 22752, 22753, 22754.T1622 Collinsonia canadensis ER RUI ZI SU. Isolated compounds: 3927.T1623 Collybia albuminosa (Tricholomataceae); JI ZONG; CollybiaAlbuminosa Sporocarp. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To fortifyspleen and harmonize stomach. TCM Indications: Distention fullness

409in stomach duct and abdomen, indigestion, fatigued spirit,hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 7250.T1624 Colocasia antiquorum (Araceae); YE YU; Taro. Used part: rhizome.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Mammary welling abscess, toxinswelling, leprosy, scab and lichen, knocks and falls, bee sting. Isolatedcompounds: 8076, 8078.T1625 Colochirous anceps KE YI YI SHOU SHEN. Isolated compounds:3928.T1626 Colophospermum mopane . Isolated compounds: 5622, 5623, 14546.T1627 Colubrina asiatica (Rhamnaceae); SHE TENG; Asian Colubrina.Isolated compounds: 3929, 3933.T1628 Colubrina spp. (Rhamnaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T1629 Colysis pothifolia [Syn. Hemionitis pothifolia] (Polypodiaceae);KUAN YU XIAN JUE; Broad-pinna Colysis. Used part: rhizome orwhole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and free network vessels,dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damplumbago, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 16110.T1630 Combretum albopunctatum (Combretaceae); BAI DIAN FENG CHEZI; White-punctated Combretum*. Isolated compounds: 5480, 5966.T1631 Combretum imberbe (Combretaceae); WU MAO FENG CHE ZI;Glabrous Combretum*. Isolated compounds: 9741, 10227, 10228,10995.T1632 Combretum yunnanensis (Combretaceae); YUN NAN FENG CHE ZI;Yunnan Combretum*. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To kill wormsand disperse accumulation. TCM Indications: Abdominal pain due toworm accumulation. Isolated compounds: 492, 6757, 18697.T1633 Commelina communis (Commelinaceae); YA ZHI CAO; CommonDayflower. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications:Common cold, wind-heat common cold, influenza, noninfectious fever,ardent fever incessant, ascites, edema, hordeolum, swelling pain inthroat, scant urine with edema, heat strangury with inhibited pain,swollen welling abscess and toxin of clove. Isolated compounds: 5010,7817, 7951, 12952, 13440, 13504.T1634 Commiphora confusa (Burseraceae); HUN XIAO MO YAO; ConfuseMyrrhtree*. Isolated compounds: 286, 294, 16844, 21699.T1635 Commiphora kua (Burseraceae); KU A MO YAO; Kua Myrrhtree*.Isolated compounds: 295, 10497, 21090.T1636 Commiphora kua var. gowlello (Burseraceae); KEN NI YA MO YAO;Kenya Myrrhtree*. Isolated compounds: 229, 10361.T1637 Commiphora mukul (Burseraceae); MU KU ER MO YAO; MuhulMyrrhtree*. Isolated compounds: 15208, 15209, 16781.T1638 Commiphora myrrha [Syn. Commiphora molmol] (Burseraceae); MOYAO; Myrrh. Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andrelieve pain, disperse swelling and engender flesh. TCM Indications:Stasis pain in chest and abdomen, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea,concretion and conglomeration, knocks and falls, swollen wellingabscess and sores, intestinal welling abscess, red eyes with gall.Isolated compounds: 3693, 3943, 4232, 4354, 4416, 6482, 7100, 7521,13932, 13935, 13936, 14115.T1639 Commiphora wightii (Burseraceae); A MAN SU DAN MO YAO;Sultanate-Oman Myrrhtree*. Isolated compounds: 4925, 9075, 9076,15124.T1640 Coniogramme japonica [Syn. Hemionitis japonica] (Hemionitidaceae);FENG YA JUE; Japanese Coniogramme. Used part: rhizome or wholeherb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, dissipateblood and relieve pain, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Painful joints due to rheumatalgia, abdominal pain due to static blood,menstrual block, knocks and falls, red eyes with gall, mammarywelling abscess, early stage of toxin swelling. Isolated compounds:15932, 18159, 18160.T1641 Conioselinum vaginatum (Apiaceae); XIN JIANG GAO BEN;Vaginate Hemlockparsley. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-cold common cold, headache, wind-cold-dampimpediment, cold-damp abdominal pain, diarrhea, scab and lichen,acne. Isolated compounds: 2803, 3990, 7768, 11552, 12825, 12826,14012, 15203, 15204, 17805, 22336.T1642 Conium maculatum (Apiaceae); DU SHEN; Poisonhemlock. Isolatedcompounds: 2887, 3979, 3988, 14250, 18023.T1643 Connarus ritchiei (Connaraceae). Isolated compounds: 6767.T1644 Conocephalum conicum (Urticaceae); SHE TAI; ConicumConocephalus*. Used part: thallus. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, burns and scalds,poisonous snake bite, fracture. Isolated compounds: 1493, 2351, 2562,2587, 2588, 2589, 2596, 13146, 13608, 17811, 22103, 22962, 22963.T1645 Consolida ajacis [Syn. Delphinium ajacis] (Ranunculaceae); FEI YANCAO; Rocket Consolida. Used part: root and seed. TCM Effects: Topromote vomiting, drain precipitation, kill worms. TCM Indications:Scab sore, head louse, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 781, 782,5004, 5010, 5035, 6734.T1646 Consolida ambigua (Ranunculaceae); LIANG SI FEI YAN CAO;Ambiguous Consolida*. Isolated compounds: 338.T1647 Consolida orientalis (Ranunculaceae); DONG FANG FEI YAN CAO;Oreintal Consolida*. Isolated compounds: 518, 4899, 4998, 5053,10496.T1648 Consolida pubescens (Ranunculaceae); DUAN ROU MAO FEI YANCAO; Shortfluff Consolida*. Isolated compounds: 18174.T1649 Convallaria keiskei [Syn. Convallaria majalis] (Liliaceae); LINGLAN; Lily of Valley. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To warm yang and disinhibit water, dispel wind and quicken blood.TCM Indications: Congestive cardiac failure, rheumatic heart disease,paroxysmal tachycardia, edema. Isolated compounds: 2057, 2400,3501, 4005, 4008, 4009, 4010, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4871, 6853,7320, 8592, 8593, 10887, 11642, 11674, 12190, 16960, 18781, 21084.T1650 Convolvulus arvensis (Convolvulaceae); TIAN XUAN HUA; FieldBindweed. Used part: herb and flower. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,relieve pain, relieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, neurodermatitis, toothache. Isolated compounds: 14122.Convolvulus batatas = Ipomoea batatasT1651 Convolvulus cneorum (Convolvulaceae). Isolated compounds: 3960.T1652 Convolvulus erinaceus (Convolvulaceae); JI XUAN HUA; MucronateGlorybind*. Isolated compounds: 4417.Convolvulus repens = Ipomoea aquatica

410T1653 Convolvulus sabatius ssp. sabatius (Convolvulaceae). Isolatedcompounds: 5566.T1654 Convolvulus scammonia (Convolvulaceae); SI GE MENG XUANHAU; Scammony Glorybind. Isolated compounds: 19542.T1655 Conyza blinii (Asteraceae); KU HAO; Blin Conyza. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, drain fire andstanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Chronic trachitis, tonsillitis,pharyngolaryngitis, stomatitis, nephritis, icterohepatitis, conjunctivitis,otitis media, sores, toothache, nosebleed(epistaxis), hematochezia,flooding and spotting, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 2887, 4015, 4016, 4017, 4018, 4019, 4020, 4021, 4022,4023, 4024, 4025, 4026, 4027, 6918, 18317, 20168, 20444, 21541.T1656 Conyza bonariensis [Syn. Erigeron bonariensis; Erigeron linifolius;Erigeron crispus] (Asteraceae); XIANG SI CAO; Bona Conyza. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,eliminate damp and relieve pain, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Common cold, malaria, rheumatic arthritis, swelling and pus of sores,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2540, 3318,10006, 10670.T1657 Conyza canadensis [Syn. Erigeron canadensis] (Asteraceae); QIZHOU YI ZHI HAO Conyza canadeni Erigeron canadeni; HorseweedFleabane. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Dysentery, enteritis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, knocks andfalls, wind-damp bone pain, swelling pain of sore and boil, bleedingdue to external injury, psoriasis. Isolated compounds: 2281, 3391,4360, 4946, 5904, 12894, 13603, 20566, 21741, 21742.T1658 Conyza stricta (Asteraceae); JIAN TENG BAI JIU CAO; StrictConyza. Isolated compounds: 9423.T1659 Coprinopsis episcopalis Fungus Coprinopsis episcopalis. Isolatedcompounds: 10991, 10992, 10993, 10994.T1660 Coprinus atramentarius (Agaricaceae); GUI GAI; Coprinus Sporocarp.Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To boost intestines and stomach,rectify qi and transform phlegm, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Inappetence, cough with phlegm, child epilepsy,swelling of clove, malign sore. Isolated compounds: 617, 4030, 9067,10913, 10997, 10998, 10999, 11219, 13098, 17083, 22060, 22260.T1661 Coprosma lineariifolia (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 15734.T1662 Coptis chinensis (Ranunculaceae); HUANG LIAN; ChineseGoldthread. Equivalent plant: Coptis deltoidea, Coptis omeiensis,Coptis teetoides, Coptis chinensis var. brevisepala. Used part: rhizome.TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp, drain fire and resolve toxin,lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Febrile infectious diseases,dysentery, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, diphtheria,infection of upper respiratory tract, scarlatina, typhoid fever, acuteconjunctivitis, otitis media, acute surgical infection, septicemia,hepatitis, trichomoniasis, eruptive dermatitis, hypertension, vexationand agitation, clouded spirit with delirious speech, damp-heat glomusin chest, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, insomnia and vexation due toeffulgent fire, stomach heat vomiting, swift digestion with rapidhungering, red eyes with pain due to liver fire, heat toxin sores, clovesore running yellow, gum swelling and pain, mouth sore, tongue sores,genital swelling, bleeding from hemorrhoids, eczema, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 2303, 3174, 3934, 4032, 6081, 6835, 7768, 11851, 12847,13374, 15882, 16555, 21689.T1663 Coptis chinensis var. brevisepala (Ranunculaceae); DUAN E HUANGLIAN; Shortsepal Goldthread. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeCoptis chinensis. TCM Indications: See Coptis chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 2303, 4032, 11851, 16555.T1664 Coptis deltoidea (Ranunculaceae); SAN JIAO YE HUANG LIAN;Deltoid Goldthread. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Coptischinensis. TCM Indications: See Coptis chinensis. Isolated compounds:2303, 4032, 6835, 11851, 13374, 16555.T1665 Coptis groenlandica (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 9011.T1666 Coptis gulinensis GU LIN YE LIAN; Gulin Goldthread*. Isolatedcompounds: 2303, 4032, 11851, 16555.T1667 Coptis japonica (Ranunculaceae); RI BEN HUANG LIAN; JapaneseGoldthread*. Isolated compounds: 2302, 4032, 12523, 17409, 22726,22727, 22728, 22729, 22730, 22731.T1668 Coptis linearisepala XIAN E HUANG LIAN; LinearisepalGoldthread*. Isolated compounds: 2303, 4032, 11851, 16555.T1669 Coptis omeiensis (Ranunculaceae); E MEI YE HUANG LIAN; OmeiMountain Goldthread. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Coptischinensis. TCM Indications: See Coptis chinensis. Isolated compounds:2303, 4032, 11851, 16555.T1670 Coptis teetoides [Syn. Coptis teeta] (Ranunculaceae); YUN NANHUANG LIAN; Yunnan Goldthread. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: See Coptis chinensis. TCM Indications: See Coptis chinensis.Isolated compounds: 2303, 4032, 11851, 13374, 16555.T1671 Coptis trifolia (Ranunculaceae); SAN YE HUANG LIAN; Three-leafGoldthread. Isolated compounds: 6835.T1672 Corallodiscus flabellatus [Syn. Didissandra flabellat] (Gesneriaceae);SHI DAN CAO; Fan-shaped Corallodiscus. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, resolve sore toxin, quicken bloodand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Damp-heat impediment pain, toxinswelling of sores, swelling pain in throat, red and white vaginaldischarge, knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 5949, 6076, 6077, 6078, 6079, 6080, 6085, 21761.T1673 Corchorus capsularis (Tiliaceae); HUANG MA YE; Roundpod JuteLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and stanch bleeding,expel pus and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Abdominal pain,dysentery, flooding, sore and welling abscess. Isolated compounds:4036, 4037, 7320, 9335, 16084.T1674 Corchorus capsularis (Tiliaceae); HUANG MA ZI; Roundpod JuteSeed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To strengthen heart, anesthetize.TCM Indications: Flooding, cough harmful to lung. Isolatedcompounds: 4036, 7320, 9335, 16084.T1675 Corchorus olitorius (Tiliaceae); CHANG SHUO HUANG MA;Jews-mallow. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course wind,relieve cough, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Common cold withcough, dysentery, eczema. Isolated compounds: 7320, 9335, 16084.T1676 Corchorus trilocularis (Tiliaceae); SAN SHI HUANG MA;Three-room Roundpod Jute*. Isolated compounds: 21403, 21890,21891.T1677 Cordia globosa (Boraginaceae); QIU ZHUANG PO BU MU; GlobeCordia*. Isolated compounds: 6221, 14843.

411T1678 Cordia multispicata (Boraginaceae); DUO SUI PO BU MU;Manyspike Cordia*. Isolated compounds: 4039, 4040, 4041, 4042,4043, 4044, 7001, 10960, 12490, 12491, 12493, 12496, 16358, 16498,22272.T1679 Cordia spinescens (Boraginaceae); YOU CI PO BU MU; SpinedCordia*. Isolated compounds: 2955, 13369, 13371.T1680 Cordyceps militaris (Clavicipitaceae); YONG CHONG CAO; ScarletCaterpillar Fungus. Equivalent plant: REN GONG YONG CHONGCAO. Used part: sclerotium and stroma. TCM Effects: To supplementlung and boost kidney. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis, phlegmcontaining blood, night sweating, blood vaculty, lumbago. Isolatedcompounds: 618, 3180, 3413, 3414, 3415, 4048, 6034, 7250, 10426,10427, 18258.T1681 Cordyceps militaris cv (Clavicipitaceae); REN GONG YONGCHONG CAO; Cultivated Scarlet Caterpillar Fungus*. Used part:sclerotium and stroma. TCM Effects: To supplement lung and boostkidney. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis, phlegm containing blood,night sweating, blood vaculty, lumbago. Isolated compounds: 343, 617,618, 4047, 4048, 7250, 9070, 9071, 11082, 22237, 22252.T1682 Cordyceps ophioglossoides (Clavicipitaceae); DA TUAN NANGCHONG CAO; Goldenthread Cordyceps. Used part: stroma. TCMEffects: To quicken blood, stanch bleeding, regulate menstruation.TCM Indications: Flooding, menstrual disorder [= menoxenia].Isolated compounds: 16130.T1683 Cordyceps sinensis (Clavicipitaceae); DONG CHONG XIA CAO;Aweto (Chinese Caterpillar Fungus). Used part: a drug consisting ofdried fungal stroma growing on larva of a caterpillar. TCM Effects: Tosupplement lung and boost kidney, stanch bleeding and transformphlegm. TCM Indications: Impotence and emission, neurasthenia,backache, aching in lumbus and knees, enduring cough and vacuityasthma, taxation damage hemoptysis. Isolated compounds: 617, 618,4046, 4048, 5770, 6720, 6907, 7173, 7250, 9070, 9071, 9486, 10913,10914, 11082, 11624, 12891, 12893, 13504, 19983, 20280, 22237,22252, 22554, 22556.T1684 Cordyline strcta (Liliaceae); JIAN YE TIE SHU YE; StrictleafDracaena Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, hematochezia,hematuria, nosebleed(epistaxis), cough with blood ejection, asthma,child gan accumulation, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 4049, 21383.T1685 Coreopsis lanceolata (Asteraceae); XIAN YE JIN JI JU; LanceCoreopsis. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve heat toxin,disperse swollen welling abscess. TCM Indications: Toxin swelling ofsores. Isolated compounds: 12466, 12678.T1686 Coreopsis sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 16024.T1687 Coriandrum sativum (Apiaceae); HU SUI ZI; Coriander Seed. Usedpart: dried ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To outthrust papules, fortifystomach. TCM Indications: Food accumulation, inappetence,dysentery, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 1596, 3048, 3771, 3772,5811, 5812, 5813, 5814, 5897, 6482, 9879, 10005, 10014, 10040,10326, 10604, 10605, 10944, 10953, 12843, 14423, 14425, 17528,17911, 20988.T1688 Coriaria angustissima (Coriariaceae); XIA MA SANG; NarrowCoriaria*. Isolated compounds: 22145.T1689 Coriaria arborea (Coriariaceae); CAI SHI MU MA SANG; ArboreousCoriaria*. Isolated compounds: 13711.T1690 Coriaria japonica (Coriariaceae); RI BEN MA SANG; JapaneseCoriaria*. Isolated compounds: 4051, 4052, 4053, 4054, 5732, 7518,8311, 19057, 22145.T1691 Coriaria myrtifolia (Coriariaceae); DI ZHONG HAI MA SANG;Mediterranean Coriaria. Isolated compounds: 4051.T1692 Coriaria sinica [Syn. Coriaria nepalensis] (Coriariaceae); MA SANG;Chinese Coriaria. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Rheumatism numbness, wind-fire toothache, phlegm-rheum, lumpglomus, scrofula, knocks and falls, acute conjunctivitis, burns andscalds. Isolated compounds: 1535, 4051, 8095, 9935, 22145.T1693 Coriaria sinica [Syn. Coriaria nepalensis] (Coriariaceae); MA SANGYE; Chinese Coriaria Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain, kill worms.TCM Indications: Welling abscess and flat abscess, toxin swelling,scab and lai, yellow-water sore, scalds. Isolated compounds: 4051,4057, 8095, 22145.T1694 Coriaria sp. (Coriariaceae). Isolated compounds: 22145.T1695 Coriaria thymifolia (Coriariaceae); BAI LI XIANG YE MA SANG;Thymeleaf Coriaria*. Isolated compounds: 4051.T1696 Cornus capitata [Syn. Dendrobenthamia capitata] (Cornaceae); JI SUZI; Evergreen Dogwood. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To disperseaccumulation and kill worms, clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibitwater and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Hepatitis, foodaccumulation, lung heat cough, ascariasis, edema. Isolated compounds:5567, 5568, 6345, 9869, 17171.T1697 Cornus controversa [Syn. Bothrocaryum controversum] (Cornaceae);DENG TAI SHU; Giant Dogwood. Used part: bark or root cortex, leaf.TCM Effects: To clear heat and calm liver, disperse swelling andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Headache, dizziness, swelling pain inthroat, aching pain in joints, painful swelling from knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 2928, 5513, 8103.T1698 Cornus officinalis [Syn. Macrocarpium officinale] (Cornaceae); SHANZHU YU; Asiatic Cornelian Cherry. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: Tosupplement liver and kidney, rough essence and stem desertion. TCMIndications: Dizziness and tinnitus, aching in lumbus and knees,impotence and emission, enuresis and frequent urination, flooding andspotting with vaginal discharge, vacuity and profuse sweating, vacuitydesertion due to great sweating, diabetes mellitus due to internal heat,dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 957, 1723, 1832, 2282, 4060,4062, 4063, 4064, 4065, 4943, 4951, 5520, 5764, 6745, 7518, 7523,8011, 8095, 9486, 11218, 11268, 11735, 12891, 12950, 13419, 13849,14607, 14982, 16050, 18656, 20503, 20715, 21053, 21641, 21642,22270, 22397.T1699 Cornus suecica (Cornaceae); AI LAI MU; Dwarf Cornel. Isolatedcompounds: 8276, 14933.T1700 Cornutia grandifolia var. intermedia (Verbenaceae); ZHONG JIANDA YE KE NU CAO; Intermediate Largeleaf Chastetree*. Isolatedcompounds: 4066, 4067, 4068, 4069, 4070, 4071, 4072, 4073, 4074,4075.

412T1701 Coronilla spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 22195.T1702 Coronilla varia (Fabaceae); DUO BIAN XIAO GUAN HUA; CrownVetch. Isolated compounds: 10915, 19542, 22195.T1703 Corsinia coriandrina (Corsiniaceae); GE ZHI HUA DI QIAN. Isolatedcompounds: 4093, 4094, 4095, 6292.T1704 Cortinarius spp. (Cortinariaceae). Isolated compounds: 1999, 21459,21460.T1705 Corydalis adunca (Papaveraceae); HUI LV YAN HU SUO;Greyish-green Corydalis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear lung and relieve cough, clear liver and disinhibit gallbladder,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, fever and chest pain,liver-gallbladder damp-heat, pain in rib-side, fever, anorexy for greasyfood, jaundice, damp-heat diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 2303, 4032,4103, 4889, 4890, 16555, 17983.T1706 Corydalis ambigua var. amurensis [Syn. Corydalis ambigua](Papaveraceae); DONG BEI YAN HU SUO; Amur Corydalis.Equivalent plant: Corydalis repens. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and dissipate stasis, rectify qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Pain in lumbus and knees, pain in heart and abdomen,dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorder, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, flooding and spotting, concretion and conglomeration,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 930, 1023, 2350, 4032, 4103,4889, 8513, 14252, 16555, 17983.T1707 Corydalis aurea (Papaveraceae); JIN HUANG JIN; Golden Corydalis.Isolated compounds: 3114, 4121.T1708 Corydalis bulbosa [Syn. Corydalis solida] (Papaveraceae); SHANYAN HU SUO; Bird-in-a-bush. Isolated compounds: 2734, 8513,15917, 15918.T1709 Corydalis bungeana (Papaveraceae); KU DI DING; Bunge Corydalis.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat toxin, disperseswollen welling abscess. TCM Indications: Influenza, infection ofupper respiratory tract, tonsillitis, infective hepatitis, enteritis,dysentery, nephritis, parotitis, conjunctivitis, acute appendicitis, clovesore and swollen welling abscess, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 359,2350, 2744, 4116, 9938, 12028, 12029, 14360, 14372, 15817, 17983,18327, 18328, 21061, 22958.T1710 Corydalis campulicarpa (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 16128.T1711 Corydalis caucasica (Papaveraceae); GAO JIA SUO ZI JIN;Caucasian Corydalis*. Isolated compounds: 2734.T1712 Corydalis cava (Papaveraceae); AO XIAN ZI JIN; Bulbous Corydalis.Isolated compounds: 2734, 3057, 11256, 11344, 11348.T1713 Corydalis cheilanthifolia (Papaveraceae); HUA ZI JIN; ChineseCorydalis. Isolated compounds: 3057, 16128.T1714 Corydalis claviculata (Papaveraceae); BANG ZHUANG ZI JIN;Climbing Corydalis. Isolated compounds: 4350, 4351, 4353, 12641.T1715 Corydalis decumbens [Syn. Corydalis amabilis] (Papaveraceae); XIATIAN WU; Decumbent Corydalis. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: Tomove qi and quicken blood, free network vessels and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Pain in deep tissues, neuralgia, swelling pain fromfracture, hypertension, hemiplegia, sequel of poliomyelitis, sciatica,rheumatic arthritis, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 642, 643,2001, 2350, 2734, 4032, 4103, 7768, 13716, 16555, 17983, 21061,21077.T1716 Corydalis gigantea (Papaveraceae); JU ZI JIN; Gigantic Corydalis*.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To settle pain and calm. TCMIndications: Various pains. Isolated compounds: 2350, 5708.T1717 Corydalis gortschakovii (Papaveraceae); GE CAI KE SHI ZI JIN;Gortschakov Corydalis*. Isolated compounds: 6552.T1718 Corydalis govaniana (Papaveraceae); KU MANG HUANG JIN;Govan Corydalis. Isolated compounds: 16128, 18519.T1719 Corydalis incisa (Papaveraceae); ZI HUA YU DENG CAO; IncisedCorydalis. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and kill worms, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Toxin swelling ofsores, scab and lai, intractable lichen, eczema, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 359, 438, 642, 3494, 4032, 4050, 4099, 4102,4105, 4116, 4117, 4122, 6874, 7899, 9938, 11346, 16303, 16547,18655, 19200, 19284, 19566, 21062, 22732.T1720 Corydalis ledebouriana (Papaveraceae); DUI YE YUAN HU; LedeourCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 2303, 4032, 4103, 4889, 5708, 12599,12600, 12602, 12603, 16555, 17983.T1721 Corydalis linearioides (Papaveraceae); TIAO LIE HUANG JIN;Linearsegmented Corydalis. Used part: whole herb or tuber. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and relievepain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, itchy skin,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 643.T1722 Corydalis longicalcarata (Papaveraceae); CHANG JU YAN HU SUO;Longspur Corydalis*. Isolated compounds: 2303, 4032, 4103, 4889,4890, 16555, 17983.T1723 Corydalis lutea (Papaveraceae); SHEN HUANG ZI JIN; Dark-yellowCorydalis. Isolated compounds: 11344, 11851.T1724 Corydalis marschalliana (Papaveraceae); MA CHANG LI ZI JIN;Marschall Corydalis *. Isolated compounds: 2734, 4106.T1725 Corydalis micrantha (Papaveraceae); XIAO HUA ZI JIN; MicranthineCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 3114.T1726 Corydalis montana (Papaveraceae); MENG DA NA ZI JIN; MontanaCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 3114.T1727 Corydalis mucronifera (Papaveraceae); BIAN BING HUANG JIN;Flatstiped Corydalis. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Influenza, warm disease fever, gastritis, ulcer, dysentery, sciatica,swelling pain of sore and boil. Isolated compounds: 642, 2350.T1728 Corydalis ochotensis (Papaveraceae); HUANG ZI JIN; OchotskCorydalis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Swollen pain of sore toxin, dysentery,tuberculosis and hemoptysis. Isolated compounds: 11571, 12797,15917, 15918.T1729 Corydalis ochotensis var. raddeana (Papaveraceae); XIAO HUANGZI JIN; Small Ochotsk Corydalis. Isolated compounds: 15917, 15918,18519.T1730 Corydalis ophiocarpa (Papaveraceae); SHE GUO HUANG JIN;Snakefruit Corydalis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quickenblood and relieve pain, dispel wind and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 643, 4121, 16128,16129.T1731 Corydalis pallida (Papaveraceae); JU HUA HUANG LIAN;Yellowflower Corydalis. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat

413and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Welling abscess and boil, innominate toxin swelling. Isolatedcompounds: 2734, 3114, 3115, 4032, 4104, 4121, 4290, 5708, 7451,15659, 16473, 16547, 19200, 19284, 19566, 20416, 21062, 21077,22732.T1732 Corydalis pallida var. tenuis (Papaveraceae); XI SHEN SHAN ZI JIN;Tenuous Corydalis*. Isolated compounds: 3114, 4889, 19200.T1733 Corydalis racemosa (Papaveraceae); XIAO HUA HUANG JIN;Racemose Corydalis. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Damp-heat diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, red eyes withgall, otitis media, sore toxin, scab and lichen, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 21077.T1734 Corydalis remota [Syn. Corydalis bulbosa var. typica] (Papaveraceae);CHI BAN YAN HU SUO; Toothedpetal Corydalis. Used part: tuber.TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipate stasis, move qi andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Pain in lumbus and knees, pain in heartand abdomen, dysmenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnation abdominalpain, painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 930,2303, 4032, 4103, 4106, 16555, 17983, 20369, 21061, 21077.T1735 Corydalis repens (Papaveraceae); QUAN YE YAN HU SUO; CreepingCorydalis. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: See Corydalis ambigua var.amurensis. TCM Indications: See Corydalis ambigua var. amurensis.Isolated compounds: 642, 4032, 16555, 17983, 21061.T1736 Corydalis repens var. humosides (Papaveraceae); TU YAN HU; RepentCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 642.T1737 Corydalis rosea (Papaveraceae); MEI GUI HONG JIN; RoseCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 643.T1738 Corydalis rotundatour (Papaveraceae); YUAN YE SHAN WU GUI;Roundleaf Corydalis*. Isolated compounds: 3057.T1739 Corydalis scouleri (Papaveraceae); SI KAO LE ZI JIN; ScoulerCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 643.T1740 Corydalis sempervirens (Papaveraceae); CANG BAI ZI JIN; PaleCorydalis. Isolated compounds: 643.T1741 Corydalis sewerzowi (Papaveraceae); XIE SHI ZI JIN; SewerzowCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 4058.T1742 Corydalis sibirica (Papaveraceae); BEI ZI JIN; Siberian Corydalis.Isolated compounds: 4058, 15918.T1743 Corydalis spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498, 16900.T1744 Corydalis stricta (Papaveraceae); ZHI LI ZI JIN. Isolated compounds:9704.T1745 Corydalis suaveolens [Syn. Corydalis sheareri] (Papaveraceae); JIANJU ZI JIN; Sharpspur Corydalis. Used part: whole herb or tuber. TCMEffects: To quicken blood and relieve pain, clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Stomachache, abdominal pain and diarrhea, knocksand falls, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, red eyes with gall.Isolated compounds: 4116, 6552, 17983.T1746 Corydalis taliensis (Papaveraceae); WU WEI CAO; Tali Corydalis.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, clear heat,relieve pain, clear liver and brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, lung heat cough, tuberculosis and coughingof blood, hepatitis, wind-damp pain in sinews and bones, toothache,red eyes, eye screen. Isolated compounds: 2350, 15664.T1747 Corydalis thalictrifolia (Papaveraceae); YAN HUANG LIAN;Rockliving Corydalis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, stanch bleeding and relievepain. TCM Indications: Hepatitis, oral ulcer, acute conjunctivitisnephelium, dysentery, abdominal pain and diarrhea, bleeding fromhemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 642, 21250.T1748 Corydalis tuberosa (Papaveraceae); KUAI JING ZI JIN; TuberousCorydalis*. Isolated compounds: 11344.T1749 Corydalis vaginans (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 15918.T1750 Corydalis yanhusuo [Syn. Corydalis turtschaninovii f. yanhusuo](Papaveraceae); YAN HU SUO; Yanhusuo. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To quicken blood, disinhibit qi, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Chest and rib-side pain, pain in stomach duct and abdomen, neuralgia,gastrointestinal spasm, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, postpartumstasis stagnation abdominal pain, painful swelling from knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 930, 2303, 2350, 3057, 3934, 4032, 4098,4103, 4104, 4106, 4122, 4888, 4889, 4890, 7996, 8513, 11344, 11348,12641, 12918, 14550, 15763, 16555, 17983, 18654, 19566, 20416,21056, 21061, 21062, 21077, 21259, 22934.T1751 Corylus heterophylla (Betulaceae); ZHEN; Siberian Hazelnut. Usedpart: kernel. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and harmonize stomach,moisten lung and relieve cough. TCM Indications: weakness duringconvalescence, spleen vacuity diarrhea, inappetence, cough. Isolatedcompounds: 9469.T1752 Corynanthe johimbe (Rubiaceae); KE NAN SHU; Corinan Tree*.Isolated compounds: 22921.T1753 Cosmos bipinnata (Asteraceae); DA BO SI JU; Mexican Aster. Usedpart: inflorescence, seedor whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, brighten eyes and transform damp. Isolated compounds:1492, 22035.T1754 Costus afer (Zingiberaceae); FEI ZHOU BI QIAO JIANG; AfricanCostus*. Isolated compounds: 668.T1755 Costus sp. (Zingiberaceae). Isolated compounds: 6437, 8968.T1756 Costus speciosus (Zingiberaceae); ZHANG LIU TOU; CanereedSpiralflag. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To move water anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Ascites, white turbidity, swollenwelling abscess, malign sore. Isolated compounds: 6440, 8968, 12488,17973, 17975, 19987, 21383.T1757 Costus spicatus (Zingiberaceae); SUI ZHUANG BI QIAO JIANG;Cana do brejo (in Brazil). Isolated compounds: 12016, 20660.T1758 Cotinus coggygria (Anacardiaceae); HUANG LU; CommonSmoketree. Used part: wood. TCM Effects: To eliminate heat vexation,resolve liquor jaundice. TCM Indications: Icterohepatitis, red eyes,lacquer sore, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 1399, 1400, 8095,14454, 20481, 20482.T1759 Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea (Anacardiaceae); HUANG LU ZHI YE;Common Smoketree Branch-leaf. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCMEffects: To clear damp heat. TCM Indications: Jaundice, lacquer sore,burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 4439, 8095, 17027, 21959.T1760 Cotinus sp. (Anacardiaceae). Isolated compounds: 16836, 20481.T1761 Cotoneaster pannosus (Rosaceae); ZHAN MAO XUN ZI; SilverleafCotoneaster. Isolated compounds: 2384.T1762 Cotoneaster spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 17869.

414T1763 Cotylelobium lanceolatum (Dipterocarpaceae). Isolated compounds:4130, 4131, 4132.T1764 Couepia ulei . Isolated compounds: 1384, 7670.T1765 Coussarea brevicaulis . Isolated compounds: 2149, 4194, 7023, 19586.T1766 Cowania mexicana (Rosaceae); XUAN YA MEI GUI; Cliffrose.Isolated compounds: 16304, 16314.T1767 Craibiodendron yunnanese (Ericaceae); JIN YE ZI; YunnanCraibiodendron. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andquicken blood, free network vessels and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Impediment pain, hemiplegia, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:1850, 8996, 12727.T1768 Crassostrea gigas (Ostreidae); MU LI; Oyster. Isolated compounds:5874, 7217, 21085.T1769 Crataegus cuneata (Rosaceae); YE SHAN ZHA; Nippon Hawthorn.Equivalent plant: Crataegus sanguinea, Crataegus kansuensis,Crataegus maximowiczii, Crataegus scabrifolia . Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and disperse food, quicken blood andtransform stasis. TCM Indications: Food stagnation, meat-type foodaccumulation, distending pain in stomach duct, postpartum bloodstasis abdominal pain, lacquer sore, frostbite. Isolated compounds:3551, 3766, 6854, 10887, 13419, 19087, 22270.T1770 Crataegus hupehensis HU BEI SHAN ZHA; Hupeh Hawthorn.Isolated compounds: 10887, 19087, 22270, 22581.T1771 Crataegus kansuensis GAN SU SHAN ZHA; Kansu Hawthorn. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: See Crataegus cuneata. TCM Indications:See Crataegus cuneata. Isolated compounds: 10887, 19087, 22581.T1772 Crataegus maximowiczii MAO SHAN ZHA; Maximowicz Hawthorn.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Crataegus cuneata. TCMIndications: See Crataegus cuneata. Isolated compounds: 10887,19087, 22581.T1773 Crataegus monogyna (Rosaceae); DAN ZI SHAN ZHA; CommonHawthorn. Isolated compounds: 6853, 17876.T1774 Crataegus oxyacantha (Rosaceae); YING GUO SHAN ZHA;Hawthorn. Isolated compounds: 664, 1102, 3551, 22581.T1775 Crataegus pinnatifida (Rosaceae); SHAN ZHA; Chinese Hawthorn.Equivalent plant: Crataegus pinnatifida var. major. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To fortify stomach and disperse food, move qi anddissipate stasis, lower cholesterol. TCM Indications: Hyperlipemia,myocardiac ischemia, angina pectoris, meat-type food accumulation,distention fullness in stomach duct, abdominal pain and diarrhea,amenorrhea due to blood stasis, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, stabbing pain in heart and abdomen, mounting qi.Isolated compounds: 351, 1102, 1845, 2790, 2887, 3551, 3766, 4217,4218, 4219, 4834, 6318, 6329, 6334, 6335, 6356, 6421, 6854, 7281,7431, 7434, 7462, 7464, 9408, 9486, 10887, 12891, 12893, 14155,14270, 14274, 14482, 14488, 14622, 14631, 16285, 17920, 17936,19087, 20280, 20444, 21942, 21947, 21948, 21952, 21963, 21965,22270, 22581.T1776 Crataegus pinnatifida (Rosaceae); SHAN ZHA HUA; ChineseHawthorn Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To lower bloodpressure. TCM Indications: Hypertension. Isolated compounds: 2394.T1777 Crataegus pinnatifida (Rosaceae); SHAN ZHA YE; Chinese HawthornLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To relieve itch, close sores, lowerblood pressure. TCM Indications: Hypertension, lacquer sore,enduring sores. Isolated compounds: 351, 4219, 12714.T1778 Crataegus pinnatifida var. major (Rosaceae); SHAN LI HONG; RedFruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Crataegus pinnatifida. TCMIndications: See Crataegus pinnatifida. Isolated compounds: 1110,3551, 3766, 6854, 10887, 17393, 17394, 17395, 17396, 17397, 19087,22270, 22581.T1779 Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa WU MAO SHAN ZHA; HairlessChinese Hawthorn. Isolated compounds: 10887, 19087, 22581.T1780 Crataegus sanguinea LIAO NING SHAN ZHA; Redhaw Hawthorn.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Crataegus cuneata. TCMIndications: See Crataegus cuneata. Isolated compounds: 10887,19087, 22581.T1781 Crataegus scabrifolia YUN NAN SHAN ZHA; Yunnan Hawthorn.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Crataegus cuneata. TCMIndications: See Crataegus cuneata. Isolated compounds: 1845, 3766,10887, 19087, 20444, 22581.T1782 Crataegus spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 17083, 17869.T1783 Cratoxylum arborescens (Clusiaceae); QIAO MU ZHUANG HUANGNIU MU; Genonggang. Isolated compounds: 5827, 6183, 8032, 8315,8325.T1784 Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Clusiaceae); HUANG NIU MU;Common Oxwood. Used part: root, bark or stem-leaf. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, transform damp and dispersestagnation, dispel stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Common cold, summerheat stroke with fever, diarrhea, jaundice,knocks and falls, swelling welling abscess and sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 3370, 3870, 3871, 3872, 3873, 5044, 8219, 8221, 8323,9857, 13492, 13493, 17661, 21691.T1785 Cratoxylum prunifolium (Clusiaceae); KU DING CHA; PlumleafCratoxylum. Used part: tender leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve summerheat, transform damp and disperse stagnation. TCMIndications: Common cold, summerheat stroke with fever, jaundice,acute gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery, sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 15715.T1786 Cremanthodium ellisii (Asteraceae); KUAI GEN CHUI TOU JU;Root-tuber Cremanthodium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Torelieve cough and dispel phlegm, loosen chest and disinhibit qi. TCMIndications: Cough of phlegm asthma, taxation damage, senile vacuityweakness headache. Isolated compounds: 14627.T1787 Cremastra appendiculata (Orchidaceae); DU JUAN LAN;Appendiculate Cremastra. Used part: pseudobulb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and dissipate binds.TCM Indications: Malign sores with welling abscess and flat abscess,scrofula, throat pain and throat impediment, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 5910.T1788 Crepis mollis (Asteraceae); ROU SE HUAN YANG SHEN; SoftHawksbeard. Isolated compounds: 10745.T1789 Crepis napifera (Asteraceae); YUAN JING HUAN YANG SHEN;Turnip-shaped Hawksbeard. Used part: root or whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear lung and relieve cough, nourish liver and brighteneyes. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, pertussis, night blindness.Isolated compounds: 5724, 15262, 20714.

415T1790 Crepis tingitana (Asteraceae); NAN XI BAN YA HUAN YANGSHEN; Southern-Spain Hawksbeard*. Isolated compounds: 8706.T1791 Crescentia cujete (Bignoniaceae); PAO DAN GUO; Calabash-tree.Isolated compounds: 12225.T1792 Crinodendron hookerianum (Elaeocarpaceae); HONG BAI HE MU;Lantern-tree. Isolated compounds: 4319, 4321, 4322.T1793 Crinum amabile (Amaryllidaceae); SU MEN DA LA WEN SHU LAN;Lovely Crinum*. Isolated compounds: 9547.T1794 Crinum asiaticum (Amaryllidaceae); YA ZHOU WEN SHU LAN;Grand Crinum. Isolated compounds: 4237, 4238, 4239, 22232.T1795 Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum (Amaryllidaceae); RI BEN WENSHU LAN; Japanese Crinum. Isolated compounds: 4235, 10403,13241, 15750, 17769.T1796 Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum (Amaryllidaceae); WEN SHU LAN;Chinese Crinum. Used part: root and bulb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dispel stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Cough, throat pain, knocks and falls, toothache. Isolated compounds:13241, 20891.T1797 Crinum bulbispermum (Amaryllidaceae); LIN JING ZHONG ZI WENSHU LAN; Bulb-spermo Crinum*. Isolated compounds: 408, 4235,4237, 5255, 5256, 5978, 7414, 9946, 10018, 10404, 11484, 14369.T1798 Crinum kirkii (Amaryllidaceae); KEN NI YA WEN SHU LAN; KenyaCrinum*. Isolated compounds: 506, 4866, 15716.T1799 Crinum latifolium (Amaryllidaceae); XI NAN WEN SHU LAN;Broadleaf Crinum. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand dispel stasis, free network vessels and relieve pain, clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wound swelling from knocks andfalls, fracture, pain in joints, toothache, malign sore and swelling toxin,hemorrhoids, zoster, psoriasis. Isolated compounds: 9547, 13241.T1800 Crinum laurentii (Amaryllidaceae); LAO SHI WEN SHU LAN;Laurent Crinum*. Isolated compounds: 1021.T1801 Crinum macowanii (Amaryllidaceae); GUAN MU WEN SHU LAN;Shrubby Crinum*`bush’ or `march lily’. Isolated compounds: 2751,3516, 4240, 4982, 6882, 9206, 12296, 13241, 13297, 17751, 22230.T1802 Crinum macrantherum (Amaryllidaceae); DA HUA YAO WEN SHULAN; Macroanther Crinum*. Isolated compounds: 2219.T1803 Crinum moorei (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 460, 3516,4236, 4241, 6842, 6883, 7038, 17751, 22229.T1804 Cristaria plicata; Hyriopsis cumingii ZHEN ZHU MU;Mother-of-pearl. Used part: shell. TCM Effects: To calm liver andsubdue yang, quiet spirit and settle fright, clear liver and brighten eyes.TCM Indications: Headache and dizziness, palpitation and insomnia,mania and withdrawal, fright epilepsy, liver heat and red eyes, eyescreen. Isolated compounds: 17730.T1805 Crocus antalyensis (Iridaceae). Isolated compounds: 12041.T1806 Crocus antalyensis cv (Iridaceae); HE LAN ZHONG ZHI FAN HONGHUA; Holland Planted Saffron*. Isolated compounds: 5025, 17023.T1807 Crocus chrysanthus-biflorus (Iridaceae); SHUANG HUA FAN HONGHUA; Biflower Crocus*. Isolated compounds: 12054, 12055, 12056,15182, 18366.T1808 Crocus sativus (Iridaceae); ZANG HONG HUA; Saffron CrocusStigma. Used part: stigma. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andtransform stasis, dissipate depression and open binds. TCMIndications: Anxiety and depression, glomus and oppression in chestand diaphragm, blood ejection, cold damage mania, fright palpitation,amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 618, 618, 2224, 4245,4245, 4246, 4247, 4248, 4250, 4251, 4252, 4253, 4254, 4255, 4256,4257, 4258, 4259, 4260, 4261, 4262, 4263, 4264, 5763, 5783, 8300,9301, 9818, 9824, 10524, 10626, 10807, 10807, 10808, 10809, 11656,11659, 11668, 12015, 12020, 12051, 12062, 13480, 13931, 14652,14802, 15526, 17263, 17264, 17330, 17330, 17967, 17971, 18259,18259, 18834, 19120, 20088, 21958, 21967, 22170, 22237, 22237,22976.T1809 Crocus speciosus (Iridaceae); MEI LI FAN HONG HUA; PrettyCrocus. Isolated compounds: 4249, 12041.T1810 Croomia japonica (Stemonaceae); JIN GANG DA; Japanese Croomia.Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Swelling painin throat, poisonous snake bite, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:4265, 16501.T1811 Crossopetalum gaumeri (Celastraceae); GAO MEI YING BAN;Gaumei Fringe-petal*. Isolated compounds: 3368, 6049, 10692, 17862,19373, 19376, 19637, 19638, 21830.T1812 Crossostephium chinense (Asteraceae); FU RONG JU GEN; ChineseCrossostephium Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, warm center and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Rheumatic arthritis, cold pain in stomach duct. Isolated compounds:20712, 20713.T1813 Crotalaria albida (Fabaceae); HUANG HUA DI DING; DiluteyellowCrotalaria. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To drain lung anddisperse phlegm, clear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma with abundantphlegm, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, jaundice, dribbling pain ofurination, insomnia and vexation, mammary welling abscess, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 4244, 12113.T1814 Crotalaria anagyroides (Fabaceae); MEI ZHOU YE BAI HE;American Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 4266.T1815 Crotalaria assamica (Fabaceae); ZI XIAO RONG ZI; AssamCrotalaria Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, stanch bleeding and disperse swelling, kill worms.TCM Indications: Wind-damp bone pain, knocks and falls, bleedingdue to external injury, child gan accumulation. Isolated compounds:1912, 14923.T1816 Crotalaria breviflora (Fabaceae); DUAN HUA ZHU SHI DOU;Shortflower Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 11091.T1817 Crotalaria brevifolia (Fabaceae); DUAN YE ZHU SHI DOU;Shortleaf Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 22277.T1818 Crotalaria crispata (Fabaceae); ZOU BO ZHUANG ZHU SHI DOU;Crispate Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 7994, 14923.T1819 Crotalaria ferruginea (Fabaceae); XIANG LING CAO; Rust-colouredCrotalaria. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To enrichliver and nourish kidney, relieve cough and calm asthma, resolve toxinand disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Tinnitus, dizziness and dimvision, emission, profuse menstruation, vaginal discharge, enduringcough with bloody phlegm, asthma, nephritis, inhibited urination,

416tonsillitis, parotitis, swelling toxin of clove sore. Isolated compounds:15018, 15596, 22277.T1820 Crotalaria fulva (Fabaceae); AN HUANG ZHU SHI DOU; FlavescentCrotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 7994.T1821 Crotalaria incana (Fabaceae); GUANG YE ZHU SHI DOU;Shackshack Crotalaria. Isolated compounds: 4266, 11091, 22277.T1822 Crotalaria intermedia (Fabaceae); XI YE ZHU SHI DOU; Slender-leafCrotalaria. Isolated compounds: 22277.T1823 Crotalaria juncea (Fabaceae); SHU MA; Sunn Crotalaria. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Opacity of urine, dribbling pain of urination, urethralstone, scab and lichen, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 18842,19712, 21560.T1824 Crotalaria laburnifolia (Fabaceae); JIN LIAN HUA ZHU SHI DOU;Laburnum Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 4266, 19731.T1825 Crotalaria madurensis (Fabaceae); MA DU LA ZHU SHI DOU;Madura Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 7994.T1826 Crotalaria mucronata (Fabaceae); ZHU SHI DOU; Striped Crotalaria.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Chronic diarrhea,damp-heat diarrhea, dysentery, edema, pelvic inflammation, frequenturination in children, dribbling urination, child gan accumulation,mastitis, neurasthenia, insomnia. Isolated compounds: 15018, 22277.T1827 Crotalaria nana (Fabaceae); XIAO ZHU SHI DOU; Small Rattle-box.Isolated compounds: 14923.T1828 Crotalaria paniculata (Fabaceae); YUAN ZHUI ZHU SHI DOU;Paniculate Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 7994.T1829 Crotalaria quinquefolia (Fabaceae); WU YE ZHU SHI DOU; FiveleafCrotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 14923.T1830 Crotalaria retusa (Fabaceae); AO ZHU SHI DOU; Yellow-floweringPea. Isolated compounds: 14923, 20140.T1831 Crotalaria sessiliflora (Fabaceae); YE BAI HE; PurpleflowerCrotalaria. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolvetoxin, disinhibit damp, disperse accumulation. TCM Indications:Dysentery, heat strangury, cough and asthma, wind-damp impedimentpain, clove sore and swollen boil, poisonous snake bite, child ganaccumulation, carcinoma of uterine cervix, carcinoma of esophagus,carcinoma of lung, carcinoma of liver, carcinoma of stomach,squamous carcinoma of skin. Isolated compounds: 14923, 21560.T1832 Crotalaria sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 9318.T1833 Crotalaria spartioides (Fabaceae); YING ZHAO DOU ZHU SHI DOU;Sparteine Crotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 18667.T1834 Crotalaria spectabilis (Fabaceae); MEI LI ZHU SHI DOU; BeautifulCrotalaria. Isolated compounds: 14923, 20140.T1835 Crotalaria stipularia (Fabaceae); TUO YE ZHU SHI DOU; StipularCrotalaria*. Isolated compounds: 14923.T1836 Crotalaria tetragona (Fabaceae); HUA JIN DAN; TetragonalCrotalaria. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To transformstagnation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Abdominal pain, iron orwood intake . Isolated compounds: 21560, 21601.T1837 Crotalaria usaramoensis (Fabaceae); GUANG E ZHU SHI DOU;Glabroussepal Crotalaria. Isolated compounds: 18667, 22277.T1838 Croton balsamifera (Euphorbiaceae); XIANG BA DOU; BalsamCroton*. Isolated compounds: 7837.T1839 Croton cajucara (Euphorbiaceae); KA ZHU BA DOU. Isolatedcompounds: 2932, 4893.T1840 Croton campestris (Euphorbiaceae); PING YUAN BA DOU. Isolatedcompounds: 22361, 22362, 22363.T1841 Croton caudatus var. tomentosus (Euphorbiaceae); MAO YE BA DOU;Tomentose Caudate Croton. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tointerrupt malaria and settle pain, soothe sinews and quicken blood.TCM Indications: Malaria with ardent fever, fright epilepsy,convulsion, wind-damp impediment pain, fracture, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 1113.T1842 Croton cumingii (Euphorbiaceae); KA MING BA DOU; CumingCroton*. Isolated compounds: 13374.T1843 Croton draconoide (Euphorbiaceae); DE LA KE BA DOU; DracCroton*. Isolated compounds: 20717.T1844 Croton eluteria (Euphorbiaceae); KU XIANG SHU; Cascarilla.Isolated compounds: 3248, 3249, 3250, 3251, 3252, 3253.T1845 Croton flavens (Euphorbiaceae); DAN HUANG BA DOU; FlavescentCroton*. Isolated compounds: 22658.T1846 Croton hovarum (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3538, 5877,5878, 6467.T1847 Croton hutchinsonianus (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 10041,10639.T1848 Croton joufra (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9971.T1849 Croton lechleri (Euphorbiaceae); LAI KE BA DOU; Lechler Croton*.Isolated compounds: 12270, 12271, 20717.T1850 Croton linearis (Euphorbiaceae); XIAN YE BA DOU; Linear Croton*.Isolated compounds: 11087, 17909.T1851 Croton macrostachys (Euphorbiaceae); CHANG SUI BA DOU;LongspikeCroton*. Isolated compounds: 6156, 15367, 21495, 21496,21851.T1852 Croton nepetaefolius (Euphorbiaceae); SI JING JIE BA DOU;Nepeta-like Croton*. Isolated compounds: 6745, 7523.T1853 Croton oblongifolius [Syn. Croton laevigatus] (Euphorbiaceae);GUANG YE BA DOU; Nitidleaf Croton. Used part: leaf, root. TCMEffects: To free channels and quicken blood, interrupt malaria. TCMIndications: Swelling pain due to external injury, fracture, malaria.Isolated compounds: 225, 226, 248, 2251, 2618, 4268, 4269, 5942,5944, 5945, 7122, 7156, 10285, 10306, 10307, 12178, 12180, 12413,12414, 12415, 12416, 12417, 12423, 14543, 17118.T1854 Croton salutaris (Euphorbiaceae); YI KANG BA DOU; SalutaryCroton*. Isolated compounds: 7837.T1855 Croton schiedeanus (Euphorbiaceae); GE LUN BI YA BA DOU;Colombia Croton*, Almizclillo. Isolated compounds: 4892, 5793,7835, 9222, 9897, 9919, 9972, 11896, 13929, 14517.T1856 Croton sparsiflorus (Euphorbiaceae); SAN HUA BA DOU;Sparseflower Croton*. Isolated compounds: 8524.T1857 Croton sublyratus (Euphorbiaceae); JIN QIN ZHUANG BA DOU;Lyrate-like Croton*. Isolated compounds: 10523, 17549, 17550,17551, 17552.T1858 Croton tiglium (Euphorbiaceae); BA DOU; Purging Croton. Used part:dried seed. TCM Effects: To drain precipitation and cold accumulation,expel water and disperse swelling, dispel phlegm and disinhibit throat,

417consume sore and kill worms. TCM Indications: Distention fullnessand sudden pain in chest and abdomen, fecal stoppage, diarrhea anddysentery, edema and enlarged abdomen, phlegm-rheum asthmafullness, throat wind, throat impediment, concretion andconglomeration, welling abscess and flat abscess, malign sore andscab lichen. Isolated compounds: 482, 483, 484, 485, 1598, 4271,4272, 4839, 9486, 11448, 12569, 12893, 14201, 15203, 17181, 17182,17183, 17184, 17185, 17186, 17187, 17188, 17189, 17190, 17191,17192, 17193, 17194, 17195, 19983, 20280, 21371, 21381, 21382.T1859 Croton tonkinensis (Euphorbiaceae); DONG JIN BA DOU; Viet NamCroton*; Kho Sam Cho La. Isolated compounds: 170, 171, 172, 173,220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 247, 5305, 5306, 5307, 5309, 5936, 5939,10282, 12183.T1860 Croton urucurana (Euphorbiaceae); WULU BA DOU; Wru Croton*.Isolated compounds: 6967.T1861 Croton zambesicus (Euphorbiaceae); ZAN BI XI BA DOU; ZambesiCroton*. Isolated compounds: 291, 1110, 2933, 4267, 4270, 4273,4274, 4275, 10773, 11595, 17265, 19983, 20369, 21494, 21497,21498.T1862 Cryptocarya chinensis (Lauraceae); HOU KE GUI; ChineseCryptocarya. Isolated compounds: 1667, 2486, 3238, 3239, 3240,4277, 4278, 5069, 5090, 5719, 6573, 7359, 7360, 9947, 9948, 10480,11217, 11256, 11257, 11308, 11309, 11310, 11311, 11312, 11352,14378, 15075, 15359, 17910.T1863 Cryptocarya longifolia (Lauraceae); CHANG YE HOU KE GUI;Longleaf Cryptocarya*. Isolated compounds: 21255.T1864 Cryptocarya strictifolia (Lauraceae); ZHI LI YE HOU KE GUI;Strictleaf Cryptocarya*. Isolated compounds: 20388.T1865 Cryptolepis obtusa (Asclepiadaceae); DUN XING BAI YE TENG;Obtuse Cryptolepis*. Isolated compounds: 15909, 15912, 19987.T1866 Cryptolepis sinensis (Asclepiadaceae); BAI YE TENG; ChineseCryptolepis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, stanch bleeding, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Lung heat hemoptysis, tuberculosis and hemoptysis,stomach hemorrhage, swollen welling abscess, sore toxin, knifewound, knocks and falls, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:5763.T1867 Cryptomeria fortunei (Taxodiaceae); LIU SHAN; Chinese Cedar. Usedpart: root cortex or bark. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, kill worms,relieve itch. TCM Indications: Lichen sore, goose-foot wind, scalds.Isolated compounds: 4281, 4285, 4286, 4287, 4289, 7514, 9543,12176, 12185, 19237.T1868 Cryptomeria japonica (Taxodiaceae); RI BEN LIU SHAN; JapaneseCedar. Isolated compounds: 2410, 3833, 3836, 4291, 7059, 7893,13862, 20457, 20458, 20459, 20460, 20461, 20462, 20463, 20464.T1869 Cryptotaenia japonica (Apiaceae); YA ER QIN; Japanese Cryptotaenia.Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and eliminateinflammation, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Pneumonia, pulmonary welling abscess, strangury, mounting qi,wind-fire toothache, welling abscess and clove sore, zoster, itchy skin.Isolated compounds: 6482, 11535, 12843, 13800, 15926.T1870 Csitus ladaniferus (Cistaceae); SHU ZHI BAN RI HUA; ResinoidCistus*. Isolated compounds: 7481.T1871 Cucubalus baccifer (Caryophyllaceae); BAI NIU XI; Berry-bearingCampion. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and settlepain, joint bones and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Knocks andfalls, fracture, wind-damp bone pain, menstrual disorder, scrofula,welling abscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 11515, 13178,14071.T1873 Cucumis africanus (Cucurbitaceae); FEI ZHOU HUANG GUA;African Cucumber*. Isolated compounds: 4317.T1874 Cucumis angolensis (Cucurbitaceae); AN GE LA HUANG GUA;Angola Cucumber*. Isolated compounds: 4321.T1874 Cucumis hookeri (Cucurbitaceae); HU KE HUANG GUA; HookerCucumber*. Isolated compounds: 4315.T1875 Cucumis leptodermus (Cucurbitaceae); BO PI HUANG GUA;Leptopeel Cucumber*. Isolated compounds: 4315.T1876 Cucumis melo (Cucurbitaceae); GUA DI; Muskmelon Fruit Pedicel.Used part: fruit pedicel. TCM Effects: To promote vomiting, eliminatedamp. TCM Indications: Wind stroke, epilepsy, throat impediment,indigestion of overnight food, distending pain in stomach duct,damp-heat jaundice, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis. Isolated compounds:3585, 4317, 4320, 6733.T1877 Cucumis myriocarpus (Cucurbitaceae); MI GUO HUANG GUA;Densefruit Cucumber*. Isolated compounds: 4315.T1878 Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae); HUANG GUA; Cucumber. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit water, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Febrile diseases thirst, short voidings of reddishurine, burns and scalds, scant urine with edema, sweat macule, pricklyheat. Isolated compounds: 4135, 4312, 4313, 4315, 4317, 4318, 4319,9616, 11642, 11700, 11701, 11773, 11774, 11775, 11776, 14237,14254, 15676, 15677, 15679, 16196, 22058, 22581.T1879 Cucumis sativus var. hanzil (Cucurbitaceae); KU HUANG GUA;Bitter Cucumber*. Isolated compounds: 4318.T1880 Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae); NAN GUA; Cushaw. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Pulmonary welling abscess, asthma, swollen wellingabscess, scalds, poisonous bee stings. Isolated compounds: 617, 2017,3774, 4329, 14061, 21662.T1881 Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae); NAN GUA ZI; Cushaw Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To expel worms, promote lactation,disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Taeniasis,ascariasis, bilharziosis, ancylostomiasis, oxyuria disease, postpartumscant milk, postpartum edema, pertussis, hemorrhoids. Isolatedcompounds: 4329, 4330, 4331, 4332, 4333, 4334.T1882 Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae); XI HU LU; Pumpkin. Isolatedcompounds: 1043, 1044, 4314, 4329, 5938, 22975.T1883 Cucurbita pepo var. akoda (Cucurbitaceae); TAO NAN GUA;Peachliking Pumpkin. Isolated compounds: 4329, 22975.T1884 Cudrania cochinchinensis (Moraceae); GOU JI; Cochinchina Cudrania.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and free network vessels,clear heat and remove damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls,jaundice, parotitis, phthisis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer,strangury-turbidity, tympanites, menstrual block, taxation damage andcoughing of blood, clove sore and swollen welling abscess. Isolated

418compounds: 993, 1010, 1764, 2309, 3868, 3869, 4335, 4338, 4339,4340, 4341, 4342, 4344, 4345, 4346, 4347, 5184, 5826, 5832, 8354,8355, 8357, 8358, 8359, 9857, 11206, 11248, 14638, 15279, 21488,21797, 22667.T1885 Cudrania fruticosa (Moraceae); ZHE TENG; Fruticose Cudrania.Isolated compounds: 4336, 8356.T1886 Cudrania javanensis (Moraceae); ZHAO WA ZHE SHU; JavaCudrania*. Isolated compounds: 18643.T1887 Cudrania sp. (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 4337.T1888 Cudrania tricuspidata (Moraceae); ZHE SHU; Tricuspid Cudrania.Used part: wood. TCM Effects: To enrich and nourish blood vessel,harmonize spleen and stomach. TCM Indications: Vacuity detriment,flooding, malaria. Isolated compounds: 1809, 4343, 20254.T1889 Cuminum cyminum (Apiaceae); ZI RAN QIN; Cumin. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and relieve pain, rectify qi andregulate center. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, indigestion, cold mounting with abdominal pain, menstrualdisorder. Isolated compounds: 4358, 4359, 5798, 7388, 9950, 9951,13750, 13751, 13756, 13757, 13758, 13759, 13764, 13768, 13769,14145, 14423, 14424, 14425, 17054.T1890 Cunninghamia konishii (Taxodiaceae); TAI WAN SHAN MU; KonishChinafir. Isolated compounds: 5954, 7159, 10295, 10303, 12411.T1891 Cunonia macrophylla (Cunoniaceae); DA YE KU NUO NI. Isolatedcompounds: 3490, 4055, 6757, 6758, 8095, 13428, 13429.T1892 Cupania latifolia (Sapindaceae); Guara, Mestizo, or Guacharaco (inColombia). Isolated compounds: 16875.T1893 Cuphea sp. (Lythraceae). Isolated compounds: 3138.T1894 Cupressus abramsiana (Cupressaceae); AI SHI BAI MU; AbramsCypress*. Isolated compounds: 21347, 21348.T1895 Cupressus arizonica (Cupressaceae); LV GAN BAI; Arizona Cypress.Isolated compounds: 4376.T1896 Cupressus funebris (Cupressaceae); BAI SHU YE; Chinese WeepingCypress Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanchbleeding, close sores and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Bloodejection, blood dysentery, hemorrhoids, lai, scalds, knife wound,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 8002, 9543, 17140.T1897 Cupressus macrocarpa (Cupressaceae); DA GUO BAI MU; MonteryCypress. Isolated compounds: 21347, 21348.T1898 Cupressus sargentii (Cupressaceae); SA JIN TE BAI MU; SargentCypress. Isolated compounds: 21347, 21348.T1899 Cupressus sempervirens (Cupressaceae); DI ZHONG HAI BAI MU;Mediterranean Cypress. Isolated compounds: 3354.T1900 Curculigo capitulata [Syn. Leucojum capitulata] (Hypoxidaceae); DAYE XIAN MAO; Largeleaf Curculigo. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To supplement kidney and invigorate yang, dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and regulate menstruation. TCMIndications: Kidney vacuity cough asthma, impotence and emission,white turbidity vaginal discharge, limp aching lumbus and knees,wind-damp impediment pain, infertility due to uterus cold, menstrualdisorder, flooding and spotting, prolapse of uterus, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 6237, 15875.T1901 Curculigo orchioides (Hypoxidaceae); XIAN MAO; CommonCruculigo. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To supplement kidneyand invigorate yang, strengthen sinews and bones, dispel damp anddissipate cold. TCM Indications: Impotence seminal cool, limp wiltingsinew and bone, cold impediment in lumbus and knees, yang vacuitycold diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 345, 413, 464, 4381, 4382, 4384,4385, 4386, 4387, 6200, 13241, 13835, 14481, 16170, 16171, 16172,20566, 21087, 21088, 21203, 21697, 22936.T1902 Curculigo pilosa (Hypoxidaceae); MAO XIAN MAO; PiloseCurculigo*. Isolated compounds: 4383, 4385, 15875, 17368, 17369,17370, 21201.T1903 Curcuma aromatica (Zingiberaceae); YU JIN; AromaticTurmeric.Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Curcuma longa. TCMIndications: See Curcuma longa. Isolated compounds: 2439, 3045,3048, 3237, 3633, 4391, 4398, 4400, 21432, 22123, 22983.T1904 Curcuma kwangsiensis (Zingiberaceae); GUANG XI E SHU; KwangsiTurmeric. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Curcuma zedoaria.TCM Indications: See Curcuma zedoaria. Isolated compounds: 4398.T1905 Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae); JIANG HUANG; Common Turmeric.Equivalent plant: Curcuma aromatica. Used part: tuberoid. TCMEffects: To break blood and move qi, free menstruation and relievepain. TCM Indications: Gallstones, jaundice, leukaemia in early stageand carcinoma of uterine cervix in early stage, chronic ulcer, chronicscab, blood stasis and qi stagnation, pain in chest and abdomen andrib-side, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, wind-heat impediment pain, knocks and falls, swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 2427, 2428, 2439, 2466, 2467,2469, 2470, 2960, 4391, 4398, 4398, 4399, 4488, 4895, 5045, 9498,9855, 11613, 13950, 14642, 17874, 22123, 22124, 22983.T1906 Curcuma sp. (Zingiberaceae). Isolated compounds: 23004.T1907 Curcuma wengujin (Zingiberaceae); WEN YU JIN; WengujinCulcuma*. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andrelieve pain, move qi and relieve depression, clear heart and coolblood, course liver and disinhibit gallbladder. TCM Indications: Painin chest and abdomen and rib-side, dysmenorrhea, menstrual block,concretion and conglomeration with mass, febrile diseases cloudedspirit, mania and withdrawal, fright epilepsy, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, blood strangury, sand strangury,jaundice. Isolated compounds: 4399, 4400.T1908 Curcuma xanthorrhiza (Zingiberaceae); HUANG GEN JIANGHUANG; Xanthorrhiza Turmeric*. Isolated compounds: 966, 4398.T1909 Curcuma zedoaria [Syn. Curcuma aeruginosa] (Zingiberaceae); PINGE SHU; Zedoary Turmeric. Equivalent plant: Curcuma kwangsiensis.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To break blood and dispel stasis,move qi and relieve pain, anticancer. TCM Indications: Amenorrheaand dysmenorrhea, concretion conglomeration accumulation andgathering, food accumulation, distending pain in stomach duct andabdomen, indigestion, carcinoma of ovary, carcinoma of skin, genitalcarcinoma, malignant lymphoma, primary hepatoma, carcinoma ofthyroid, carcinoma of stomach, carcinoma of lung. Isolatedcompounds: 658, 889, 2427, 2428, 2462, 2469, 3045, 4378, 4379,4380, 4388, 4389, 4393, 4394, 4395, 4396, 4397, 4398, 4399, 4400,4415, 4416, 4895, 5457, 5577, 6875, 6876, 7116, 7514, 8014, 8015,8048, 8049, 8347, 8348, 8525, 10147, 11359, 11613, 11789, 15378,15379, 17875, 18264, 22123, 22124, 22977, 22978, 22979, 22980,

41922981, 22982, 22983.T1910 Curvularia lunata Fungus Curvularia lunata. Isolated compounds:5757, 5758, 9800, 9801, 9802, 9803, 10083, 20249.T1911 Cuscuta australis (Convolvulaceae); NAN FANG TU SI ZI; SouthDodder Seed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: See Cuscutachinensis. TCM Indications: See Cuscuta chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 1935, 2887, 2906, 3213, 4135, 12020, 13126, 13127,18317, 19992, 21359.T1912 Cuscuta chinensis (Convolvulaceae); TU SI ZI; Chinese Dodder Seed.Equivalent plant: Cuscuta japonica, Cuscuta australis. Used part: ripeseed. TCM Effects: To supplement liver and kidney, secure essenceand reduce urine, quiet fetus, brighten eyes, check diarrhea. TCMIndications: Impotence and emission, dribbling urination, enuresis andfrequent urination, limp aching lumbus and knees, tinnitus and dimvision, fetal spotting due to kidney vacuity, stirring fetus in pregnancy,diarrhea due to spleen-kidney vacuity, white patch wind. Isolatedcompounds: 1935, 4418, 10887, 12020, 15459, 18317, 18357.T1913 Cuscuta japonica (Convolvulaceae); DA TU SI ZI; Japanese DodderSeed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: See Cuscuta chinensis. TCMIndications: See Cuscuta chinensis. Isolated compounds: 12020,13126, 18317.T1914 Cuscuta lupuliformis PI JIU HUA TU SI ZI; Hop-shaped Dodder.Isolated compounds: 12020, 18317.T1915 Cuscuta reflexa (Convolvulaceae); YUN NAN TU SI ZI; YunnanDodder. Isolated compounds: 6089, 6094, 6203, 10435, 10437, 20569,21893.T1916 Cuscuta sp. (Convolvulaceae). Isolated compounds: 3210.T1917 Cussonia bancoensis (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 1573, 8679,10820, 22270.T1918 Cussonia racemosa (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 4423, 4424,4425, 4426, 4427, 4428, 4429, 4430, 4431, 4432, 4433.T1919 Cyanostegia angustifolia . Isolated compounds: 21711, 21857.T1920 Cyanostegia microphylla . Isolated compounds: 21711.T1921 Cyanotis arachnoidea [Syn. Cyanotis bodinieri] (Commelinaceae);ZHEN ZHU LU SHUI CAO; Spiderweb Blueeargrass, PearlCyanotis*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To free network vessels andrelieve pain, disinhibit damp and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, pain in lumbus and legs, numbness inlimbs, edema, eczema. Isolated compounds: 811, 16291, 16350.T1922 Cyanotis vaga (Commelinaceae); LU SHUI CAO; Common Cyanotis.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, soothe sinewsand quicken network vessels, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, edema, otitis media,eczema. Isolated compounds: 3944.T1923 Cyathula capitata (Amaranthaceae); MA NIU XI; Capitate Cyathula.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, expel stasis blood.TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in lumbus andknees, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, postpartum persistent flow oflochia. Isolated compounds: 1014, 1015, 3131, 4455, 6679, 11361,17741, 17778, 19730.T1924 Cyathula officinalis (Amaranthaceae); CHUAN NIU XI; MediinalCyathula. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dispelstasis, dispel wind and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Amenorrheawith concretion and conglomeration, retention of placenta,impediment pain in joints, hematuria, blood strangury, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 4455, 6679.T1925 Cycas beddomei (Cycadaceae); NAN YIN DU SU TIE SHU GUO;South-India Sago Seed*. Isolated compounds: 5673, 6411, 21072.T1926 Cycas circinalis (Cycadaceae); QUAN YE SU TIE; Crozier Cycas.Isolated compounds: 4456, 14134.T1927 Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae); SU TIE SHU GUO; Sago Seed. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To calm liver and lower blood pressure,suppress cough and dispel phlegm, promote astriction and secureastriction. TCM Indications: Hypertension, chronic hepatitis, coughwith profuse phlegm, dysentery, emission, vaginal discharge, knocksand falls, knife wound. Isolated compounds: 617, 1030, 4456, 9543,14151, 15136, 15380, 15381, 15382, 15383, 15384, 15385, 15386,15664, 22976.T1928 Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae); SU TIE YE; Sago Frond. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain, stanch bleeding anddissipate stasis, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Diarrhea, dysentery, liver stomach qi pain, amenorrhea, blood ejection,hematochezia, toxin swelling, bleeding due to external injury, knocksand falls, backache. Isolated compounds: 4456, 20107.T1929 Cyclamen europaeum (Primulaceae); OU ZHOU XIAN KE LAI;Cyclamen. Isolated compounds: 4457.T1930 Cyclamen persicum (Primulaceae); XIAN KE LAI; Florists Cyclamen.Isolated compounds: 4457.T1931 Cyclea barbata (Menispermaceae); YIN BU HUAN; Barbate Cyclea.Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disperse stasis and relieve pain, disinhibit urine and free strangury.TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, throat pain, toothache,stomachache, abdominal pain, damp-heat dysentery, malaria, dribblingpain of urination, painful wound from knocks and falls, sprain andcontusion. Isolated compounds: 3878, 9597, 11329, 11736, 21206,21270.T1932 Cyclea racemosa (Menispermaceae); LUN HUAN TENG; RacemoseCyclea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain,dispel damp and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Distending pain inchest and stomach duct, abdominal pain and diarrhea, wind-damp pain,throat pain, poisonous snake bite, dog bite, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and flat abscess, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 4460, 20498.T1933 Cyclea sutchuenensis (Menispermaceae); SI CHUAN LUN HUANTENG; Szechwan Cyclea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and relieve pain, disinhibit urine andfree strangury. TCM Indications: Externally contracted wind-heat,cough, swelling pain in throat, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery,toothache, painful wound from knocks and falls, dribbling andinhibited voidings of urination. Isolated compounds: 4461, 11362.T1934 Cyclea tonkinensis (Menispermaceae); NAN LUN HUAN TENG;Tonkin Cyclea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Throat pain and swollen tongue, wind-damp impediment pain, pain instomach duct and abdomen, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 4459, 4461.

420T1935 Cyclobium spp. Isolated compounds: 3004.T1936 Cyclocarya paliurus (Juglandaceae); QING QIAN LIU;Roundwingfruit Cyclocarya. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Skin lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 4480, 4481, 4482, 4483.T1937 Cydonia oblonga (Rosaceae); WEN PO; Common Quince. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To warm center and precipitate qi, disperse food,check diarrhea, resolve liquor. TCM Indications: Non-digestion offood accumulation, glomus distention in stomach duct and abdomen,water diarrhea, vomiting of sour matter. Isolated compounds: 1102,7463, 9418, 11574, 15700.T1938 Cymbaria mongolica (Scrophulariaceae); GUANG YAO DA HUANGHUA; Mongolian Cymabria. Isolated compounds: 6035, 6038, 6039,10321, 10322, 10323.T1939 Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae); XIANG MAO; Lemongrass. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and free networkvessels, warm center and relieve pain, check diarrhea. TCMIndications: Common cold with headache, diarrhea, wind-coldimpediment pain, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 3760, 3767, 12987, 15935.T1940 Cymbopogon densiflorus (Poaceae); MI HUA XIANG MAO;Denseflower Lemongrass*. Isolated compounds: 3767, 6455.T1941 Cymbopogon distans (Poaceae); YUN XIANG CAO; RemoteLemongrass. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior,eliminate damp, relieve cough and calm asthma. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, summerheat damage, vomiting diarrhea withabdominal pain, dribbling pain of urination, wind-damp impedimentpain, cough and asthma, bronchial asthma. Isolated compounds: 3761,7442, 8312, 17456.T1942 Cymbopogon flexuosus (Poaceae); WAN YAN XIANG MAO;Flexuous Lemongrass*. Isolated compounds: 3760, 11966, 17056.T1943 Cymbopogon goeringii (Poaceae); YE XIANG MAO; GoeringLemongrass. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To relieve coughand calm asthma, dispel wind and eliminate damp, free channels andrelieve pain, check diarrhea. TCM Indications: Acute bronchitis,chronic bronchitis, bronchitis, rheumatic arthritis, headache, knocksand falls, diarrhea, qi pain in heart and stomach, abdominal pain, waterdiarrhea. Isolated compounds: 2555, 3241, 3242, 6745, 8313, 9669,11408, 14531.T1944 Cymbopogon nardus (Poaceae); JING XIANG MAO; Citronella-grass.Isolated compounds: 3767.T1945 Cymbopogon polyneuros (Poaceae). Isolated compounds: 16927.T1946 Cymbopogon procerus (Poaceae); CHANG XIANG MAO; LongLemongrass*. Isolated compounds: 6745.T1947 Cymbopogon sennaarensis (Poaceae); XIN NONG XIANG MAO;Senna Lemongrass*. Isolated compounds: 17456.T1948 Cymbopogon winterianus (Poaceae); WEN TE XIANG MAO; WinterLemongrass*. Isolated compounds: 3767.T1949 Cynanchum aphyllum (Asclepiadaceae); WU YE BAI QIAN; LeaflessSwallowwort*. Isolated compounds: 4555, 4556, 4557, 4558, 4559,4560, 4561, 4562, 4563.T1950 Cynanchum ascyrifolium (Asclepiadaceae); CHAO FENG CAO;Acuminate Swallowwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeTylophora ovata. TCM Indications: See Tylophora ovata. Isolatedcompounds: 4566, 4567.T1951 Cynanchum atratum (Asclepiadaceae); BAI WEI; BlackendSwallowwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Tylophora ovata.TCM Indications: See Tylophora ovata. Isolated compounds: 117,1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 4551, 4568, 5750, 8507, 8520,21178.T1952 Cynanchum auriculatum (Asclepiadaceae); ER YE NIU PI XIAO;Auriculate Swallowwort. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: SeeCynanchum bungei. TCM Indications: See Cynanchum bungei.Isolated compounds: 2115, 4552, 4553, 22691, 22692, 22693, 22694.T1953 Cynanchum bungei (Asclepiadaceae); BAI SHOU WU; BungeSwallowwort. Equivalent plant: Cynanchum auriculatum. Used part:tuberoid. TCM Effects: To supplement lung and boost kidney,strengthen sinews and bones, boost essence and blood, fortify spleenand disperse food, resolve toxin and cure sores. TCM Indications:Aching in lumbus and knees, impotence and emission, dizziness andtinnitus, palpitation and insomnia, inappetence, child gan sore,postpartum scant milk, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2747, 2748, 2749, 2750,3329, 3709, 3722, 4796, 12224, 12713, 12880, 16899, 19361, 22615.T1954 Cynanchum chinense (Asclepiadaceae); E RONG TENG; ChineseSwallowwort. Used part: white juice in stem. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disperse accumulation and fortify stomach,disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Child foodaccumulation, child gan accumulation, gastritis, gastritis with edema,duodenal ulcer, wart. Isolated compounds: 4554.T1955 Cynanchum hancockianum (Asclepiadaceae); HUA BEI BAI QIAN;Hancock Swallowwort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood, relieve pain, eliminate inflammation. TCM Indications:Pain in joints, toothache, bald sores. Isolated compounds: 9212, 9213,9214, 9215, 9216, 9217, 13740, 15401, 15402, 22492.T1956 Cynanchum japonicum (Asclepiadaceae); RI BEN NIU PI XIAO;Japanese Swallowwort*. Isolated compounds: 4551.T1957 Cynanchum komarovii (Asclepiadaceae); NIU XIN PIAO ZI;Komarov Mosquitotrap. Isolated compounds: 5055, 6272.T1958 Cynanchum otophyllum (Asclepiadaceae); QING YANG SHEN;Auricledleaf Mosquitotrap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, boost kidney and fortify spleen, resolve snake toxin,resolve dog toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,kidney vacuity lumbago, taxation damage in lumbar muscle,wrenching and contusion from knocks and falls, food accumulation,distending pain in stomach duct and abdomen, child gan accumulation,snake bite, dog bite. Isolated compounds: 4751, 16270, 16271, 18291,18936.T1959 Cynanchum paniculatum (Asclepiadaceae); XU CHANG QING;Paniculate Swallowwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand transform damp, relieve pain and itch. TCM Indications:Rheumatic arthritis, toothache, lumbago, pain after operation,dysmenorrhea, mastitis, infection of skin, eczema, neurodermatitis,urticaria, infective dermatitis, zoster, wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 5055, 11580, 12880, 15388,15389, 16532, 19361, 21437.

421T1960 Cynanchum stauntonii (Asclepiadaceae); LIU YE BAI QIAN;Willowleaf Swallowwort. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects:To downbear qi, disperse phlegm, relieve cough. TCM Indications:Stasis of lung qi, cough with profuse phlegm, fullness in chest andrapid asthma. Isolated compounds: 1271, 1272, 8507, 9213, 20275,20276, 20277.T1961 Cynanchum thesioides (Asclepiadaceae); DI SHAO GUA;Bastardtoadflaxlike Swallowwort. Used part: whole herb and fruit.TCM Effects: To clear vacuity fire, boost qi, engender liquid, promotelactation. TCM Indications: Upflaming vacuity fire, throat pain, qi andyin vacuity, fatigued spirit and amnesia, vacuity vexation and thirst,dizziness and insomnia, postpartum vacuity weakness, scant breastmilk. Isolated compounds: 1112, 7768, 7786, 8807, 19912.T1962 Cynanchum versicolor (Asclepiadaceae); WAN SHENG BAI WEI;Versicolorous Mosquitotrap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeTylophora ovata. TCM Indications: See Tylophora ovata. Isolatedcompounds: 15387.Cynanchum vincetoxicum = Vincetoxicum officinaleT1963 Cynanchum wallichii (Asclepiadaceae); DUAN JIE SHEN; KunmingMosquitotrap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement kidneyand strengthen lumbus, strengthen sinews and bones, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity lumbago, inability of legs and knees,knocks and falls, fracture, rabid dog bite. Isolated compounds: 18291,18936.T1964 Cynanchum wilfordii [Syn. Cynoctonum wilfordii] (Asclepiadaceae);GE SHAN XIAO; Wilford Swallowwort. Used part: tuberoid. TCMEffects: To supplement liver and kidney, strengthen sinews and bones,fortify spleen and stomach, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: liverkidney vacuity, dizzy head and vision, sleepless and amnesia,premature graying in beard and hair, impotence, emission, limp achinglumbus and knees, spleen vacuity and functional weakness, distentionfullness in stomach duct, inappetence, diarrhea, postpartum scant milk,fish mouth sore toxin. Isolated compounds: 22691, 22692, 22693,22694.T1965 Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae); CI CAI JI; Cardoon. Isolatedcompounds: 4564, 4565.T1966 Cynara scolymus (Asteraceae); CAI JI; Globe Artichoke. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To course liver and disinhibit gallbladder, cleardamp heat. TCM Indications: Jaundice, distending pain in chest andrib-side, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery. Isolated compounds: 4564,4565, 9015, 11327.T1967 Cynoglossum amabile (Boraginaceae); GOU SHI HUA; ChineseForgetmenot. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear lung andtransform phlegm, stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis, clear heat anddisinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Cough, blood ejection, hepatitis,dysentery, odynuria, vaginal discharge, scrofula, knife wound, fracture.Isolated compounds: 1011, 6686.T1968 Cynoglossum australe (Boraginaceae); NAN FANG LIU LI CAO;South Houndstongue*. Isolated compounds: 1011, 9316.T1969 Cynoglossum officinale (Boraginaceae); YAO YONG DAO TI HU;Common Houndstongue. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, relieve cough, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Urinary tract infection, dysentery, vaginal discharge, yin vacuity cough,hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, bleedingdue to external injury. Isolated compounds: 917, 6686, 6687, 9316,9317, 9320, 12535, 17546, 22527.T1970 Cynoglossum pictum (Boraginaceae); ZHUO SE LIU LI CAO; PictureHoundstongue*. Isolated compounds: 9316.T1971 Cynoglossum zeylanicum [Syn. Anchusa zeylanica; Cynoglossumfurcatum; Cynoglossum formosanum] (Boraginaceae); LIU LI CAO;Ceylon Houndstongue. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Swelling welling abscess and sore and boil, flooding andspotting, coughing of blood, painful swelling from knocks and falls,bleeding due to external injury, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 11525.T1972 Cynomorium songaricum (Cynomoriaceae); SUO YANG; SongariaCynomorium. Used part: fleshy stem. TCM Effects: To supplementkidney and invigorate yang, boost essence and blood, moistenintestines and free stool. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity impotence,emission and premature ejaculation, limp wilting of lower limb,vacuity constipation. Isolated compounds: 530, 4905, 11481, 22270.T1973 Cyperus alopecuroides (Cyperaceae); KAN MAI NIANG ZHUANGSHA CAO; Foxtail-like Galingale. Isolated compounds: 982, 3242,4573, 4587, 6548, 7064, 7492, 7498, 7499, 7500, 18941.T1974 Cyperus brevibracteatus (Cyperaceae); DUAN BAO YE SHA CAO;Shortbractleaf Galingale*. Isolated compounds: 2605.T1975 Cyperus haspan (Cyperaceae); QI PAN SHA CAO; AsidefieldGalingale. Isolated compounds: 4576.T1976 Cyperus iria (Cyperaceae); SUI MI SHA CAO; Rice Galingale. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,quicken blood and regulate menstruation. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain in sinew and bone, paralysis, menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:11988.T1977 Cyperus papyrus (Cyperaceae); ZHI SHA CAO; Paper Reed. Isolatedcompounds: 17375.T1978 Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae); XIANG FU; Nutgrass Galingale.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve depression,regulate menstruation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: women’sdiseases, menstrual disorder, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, liverdepression and qi pain, distending pain in chest and rib-side,distending pain in stomach duct, indigestion, glomus and oppression inchest and stomach duct, cold mounting with abdominal pain, painfulswollen breast. Isolated compounds: 4028, 4574, 4575, 4577, 4578,4579, 4580, 4581, 6413, 7102, 11364, 11472, 11686, 12242, 15790,16287, 16709, 16710, 16970, 18681, 18958, 18959, 18960, 20456.T1979 Cyperus sp. (Cyperaceae). Isolated compounds: 4576.T1980 Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae); LI YU; Carp. Used part: meat. TCMEffects: To fortify spleen and harmonize stomach, disinhibit water andprecipitate qi, free milk, quiet fetus. TCM Indications: Stomachache,diarrhea, water-damp fullness, inhibited urination, beriberi, jaundice,cough and qi counterflow, stirring fetus in pregnancy, edema inpregnancy, postpartum scant milk. Isolated compounds: 4221, 4222,9568, 15528, 19360.T1981 Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae); LI YU DAN; Carp Gall. Used part: gall.

422TCM Effects: To clear heat and brighten eyes, dissipate screen anddisperse swelling, disinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Red eyes anddistending pain, clear-eye blindness with internal obstruction, throatimpediment. Isolated compounds: 929, 4582.T1982 Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae); LI YU PI; Carp Skin. Used part: skin.TCM Effects: To quiet fetus, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Stirring fetus in pregnancy, fetal spotting, bone stuck in throat. Isolatedcompounds: 1921, 6560, 13126.T1983 Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae); SHAO LAN; EuropeanLadyslipper. Isolated compounds: 4584.T1984 Cypripedium macranthum [Syn. Cypripedium tibeticum](Orchidaceae); DA HUA SHAO LAN; Bigflower Ladyslipper. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and disperse edema,quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Edema in lowerlimb, strangury, leukorrhea, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 4585, 4586.T1985 Cyrtanthus falcatus (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 13568,14578, 20891.T1986 Cyrtomium fortunei (Dryopteridaceae); HUN TOU JI; Fortune’s HollyFern. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, cool blood and extinguish wind, stanch bleeding and dissipatestasis, expel worms. TCM Indications: Common cold, febrile diseases,malaria, hepatitis, maculopapular eruption, sand foulness, liver yangdizziness, headache, blood ejection, flooding, vaginal discharge,mammary welling abscess, scrofula, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 4588.T1987 Cystopteris sp. (Athyriaceae). Isolated compounds: 18000.T1988 Cytisus laburnum (Fabaceae); LIAN HUA JIN QUE ER; Goldregen.Isolated compounds: 14279.T1989 Cytisus monspessulanus (Fabaceae); FA GUO JIN QUE ER; FrenchBroom. Isolated compounds: 4956.T1990 Cytisus osmariensis (Fabaceae); AO MA JIN QUE HUA; OsmarienBroom*. Isolated compounds: 4594.T1991 Cytisus scoparius [Syn. Spartium scoparium] (Fabaceae); JIN QUEER; Scotch Broom. Used part: flower or branchlet. TCM Effects: Tostrengthen heart and disinhibit urine, upbear yang and effuse exterior.TCM Indications: Edema due to heart disease, arrhythmia,non-eruption of macula, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3215,6559, 11642, 13089, 14638, 15477, 15972, 16209, 20133.T1992 Cytospora eucalypticola . Isolated compounds: 6361, 6369.DT1993 Dacrydium sp. (Podocarpaceae). Isolated compounds: 8401.T1994 Daemonorops draco (Arecaceae); QI LIN JIE; Draco Yellowvine*.Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: See Dracaena cochinchinensis.TCM Indications: See Dracaena cochinchinensis. Isolated compounds:2224, 15743, 15744, 18163, 19236.T1995 Dahlia coccinea (Asteraceae); HONG DA LI HUA; Cocoxochitl.Isolated compounds: 10959.T1996 Dahlia pinnata [Syn. Dahlia variabilis] (Asteraceae); DA LI HUA;Aztec Dahlia. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Parotitis, decayed teeth, innominate toxin swelling, painful woundfrom knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1493, 2843, 21391.T1997 Dahlia sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 15279, 22336.T1998 Dalbergia cearensis (Fabaceae); XI A LA HUANG TAN; CearenRosewood*. Isolated compounds: 4609, 7883.T1999 Dalbergia cochinchinensis (Fabaceae); JIAO ZHI HUANG TAN;Siam Rosewood. Isolated compounds: 2224, 4609, 4610, 6275, 6276,10125, 10394, 10514, 12559.T2000 Dalbergia congestiflora (Fabaceae); JU HUA HUANG TAN;Congested-flower Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 15353.T2001 Dalbergia cultrata (Fabaceae); XIAO DAO XING HUANG TAN;Cultrate Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 4609.T2002 Dalbergia ecastophyllum (Fabaceae); YI KA TUO YE HUANG TAN;Ecasto-leaf Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 7883.T2003 Dalbergia ferruginea (Fabaceae); TIE XIU SE HUANG TAN;Ferruginous Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 4191, 4192.T2004 Dalbergia melanoxylon (Fabaceae); FEI ZHOU HUANG TAN;African Rosewood. Isolated compounds: 4609, 13658.T2005 Dalbergia miscolobium (Fabaceae); MI SI KE HUANG TAN; MiscolRosewood*. Isolated compounds: 18001.T2006 Dalbergia nitidula (Fabaceae); GUANG LIANG HUANG TAN;Shining Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 8283, 17092, 21528.T2007 Dalbergia obtusa (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 15913.T2008 Dalbergia odorifera (Fabaceae); JIANG ZHEN XIANG; OdorateRosewood. Equivalent plant: Dalbergia sissoo. Used part: heartwood.TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipate stasis, stanch bleedingand settle pain, downbear qi, break foul. TCM Indications: Chest andrib-side pain, knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2574, 3346, 4607,4608, 4609, 5834, 10375, 10545, 11365, 11404, 11547, 12260, 12908,13658, 13679, 13680, 13681, 13901, 14098, 14100, 14103, 14280,14502, 14532, 14619, 14811, 15733, 15913, 16000, 16001, 19393,20340, 22436, 22783.T2009 Dalbergia oliveri (Fabaceae); AO LI FO HUANG TAN; OliverRosewood*. Isolated compounds: 16082, 16083.T2010 Dalbergia retusa (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 15913.T2011 Dalbergia riparia (Fabaceae); HE AN HUANG TAN; RiparianRosewood*. Isolated compounds: 4609, 20900.T2012 Dalbergia sericea (Fabaceae); JUAN MAO HUANG TAN;Sericeous-leaf Rosewood. Isolated compounds: 11504.T2013 Dalbergia sissoo (Fabaceae); YIN DU HUANG TAN; SissoRosewood. Used part: heartwood. TCM Effects: See Dalbergiaodorifera. TCM Indications: See Dalbergia odorifera. Isolatedcompounds: 2385, 4609, 17420, 20902.T2014 Dalbergia sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 18020, 20901.T2015 Dalbergia spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004, 12908.T2016 Dalbergia spruceana (Fabaceae); QIAO HUANG TAN; SpruceRosewood*. Isolated compounds: 2224.T2017 Dalbergia stevensonii (Fabaceae); SI TE WEN HUANG TAN;Stevenson Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 4604, 4609, 7883, 11504,12908, 13638.T2018 Dalbergia variabilis (Fabaceae); YI BIAN HUANG TAN; VariableRosewood*. Isolated compounds: 13638, 15021, 22347. 22437.T2019 Dalbergia volubilis (Fabaceae); CHAN RAO HUANG TAN; Voluble

423Rosewood*. Isolated compounds: 2384.T2020 Damnacanthus indicus (Rubiaceae); HU CI; Indian Damnacanthus.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and disinhibitdamp, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Painwind, wind-damp impediment pain, cough of phlegm-rheum,pulmonary welling abscess, edema, lump glomus, jaundice,amenorrhea, child gan accumulation, urticaria, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 900, 2299, 4622, 4623, 5522, 9771, 11990,15734, 15765.T2021 Damnacanthus major (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11990, 15734.T2022 Daniellia oliveri (Fabaceae); AO SHI DAN NI SU MU. Isolatedcompounds: 7161.T2023 Daphne genkwa (Thymelaeaceae); YUAN HUA; Lilac Daphne. Usedpart: bud. TCM Effects: To drain water and expel rheum, relievecough and dispel phlegm, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Edema, ascites, hydrothorax, cough with profuse phlegm,chronic bronchitis, malaria, scalp infection, infection of skin, tineacapitis, neurodermatitis, induce abortion, toothache. Isolatedcompounds: 1476, 8286, 8289, 10137, 13137, 15514, 15990, 21392,22929, 22930, 22931, 22932, 22933.T2024 Daphne genkwa (Thymelaeaceae); YUAN HUA GEN; Lilac DaphneRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To expel water, resolve toxin,dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Edema, scrofula, mammary wellingabscess, hemorrhoids, scab sore. Isolated compounds: 4652, 4653,4654, 4655, 4656, 11366, 22929, 22930.T2025 Daphne gnidium (Thymelaeaceae); JING YA MA YE RUI XIANG;Garou Bush. Isolated compounds: 4657.T2026 Daphne mezereum (Thymelaeaceae); OU YA RUI XIANG; Mezereon.Isolated compounds: 4649, 14826.T2027 Daphne odora (Thymelaeaceae); RUI XIANG GEN; Winter DaphneRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, quicken bloodand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Acute throat wind, pain in stomachduct, knocks and falls, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds:4642, 4651, 12521, 15990, 15999.T2028 Daphne odora (Thymelaeaceae); RUI XIANG HUA; Winter DaphneFlower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relievepain, resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Swellingpain in throat, headache, toothache, wind-damp pain, mammarywelling abscess, swollen hard breast. Isolated compounds: 4645, 4646,4650, 22195.T2029 Daphne oleoides (Thymelaeaceae); YOU RUI XIANG; Oily Daphne*.Isolated compounds: 1127, 4641, 4644, 5995, 8287, 8288, 8899, 8900,8901, 16069, 16070, 16737, 19651.T2030 Daphne retusa (Thymelaeaceae); AO YE RUI XIANG; RetuseleafDaphne. Used part: stem bark and root cortex. TCM Effects: SeeDaphne tangutica. TCM Indications: See Daphne tangutica. Isolatedcompounds: 4643.T2031 Daphne tangutica (Thymelaeaceae); SHAN GAN RUI XIANG;Tangut Daphne. Equivalent plant: Daphne retusa. Used part: stembark and root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and free networkvessels, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs, headache,stomachache, lumbago, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 4643,12521.T2032 Daphniphyllum calycinum (Daphniphyllaceae); NIU ER FENG ZI;Calyx-shaped Daphniphyllum Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: Tocheck dysentery. TCM Indications: Chronic dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 4640, 7996, 10166, 22959, 22960.T2033 Daphniphyllum macropodum (Daphniphyllaceae); JIAO RANG MU;Macropodous Daphniphyllum. Used part: leaf and seed. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin ofsore and boil. Isolated compounds: 1892, 4659, 4716.T2034 Daphnopsis racemosa ZONG ZHUANG JIA RUI XIANG. Isolatedcompounds: 17958.T2035 Darlingia darlingiana . Isolated compounds: 4660.T2036 Datura innoxia (Solanaceae); MAO MAN TUO LUO GEN; HairyDatura Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Datura metel. TCMIndications: See Datura metel. Isolated compounds: 6525, 9856,10870, 10872, 13819, 18072, 22050.T2037 Datura innoxia (Solanaceae); MAO MAN TUO LUO HUA; HairyDatura Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: See Datura metel.TCM Indications: See Datura metel. Isolated compounds: 2001, 10872,21372, 22158.T2038 Datura innoxia (Solanaceae); MAO MAN TUO LUO YE; HairyDatura Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Datura metel. TCMIndications: See Datura metel. Isolated compounds: 1526, 2887, 4417,10870, 10872, 12908, 13819, 22158.T2039 Datura innoxia (Solanaceae); MAO MAN TUO LUO ZI; Hairy DaturaSeed. Used part: seed or fruit. TCM Effects: See Datura metel. TCMIndications: See Datura metel. Isolated compounds: 2001, 10872,12891, 13819, 16066.T2040 Datura metaloides XIANG MAN TUO LUO; Fragrant Datura*.Isolated compounds: 13819.T2041 Datura metel (Solanaceae); MAN TUO LUO GEN; Hindu DaturaRoot. Equivalent plant: Datura stramonium, Datura innoxia. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To suppress cough, relieve pain, draw out pus.TCM Indications: Cough and asthma, wind-damp impediment pain,boil and lichen, malign sore, rabid dog bite. Isolated compounds:10870, 10872, 18072, 22050.T2042 Datura metel (Solanaceae); MAN TUO LUO YE; Hindu Datura Leaf.Equivalent plant: Datura innoxia. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Tosuppress cough and calm asthma, relieve pain and draw out pus. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma, impediment pain, beriberi, prolapse ofrectum. Isolated compounds: 2001, 4664, 4665, 4666, 4667, 4668,4669, 4670, 4671, 4673, 4674, 10870, 10872.T2043 Datura metel (Solanaceae); MAN TUO LUO ZI; Hindu Datura Seed.Equivalent plant: Datura innoxia,Datura stramonium. Used part: seedor fruit. TCM Effects: To calm asthma, dispel wind, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma, fright epilepsy, wind-cold-dampimpediment, dysentery, prolapse of rectum, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3773, 4491, 10872, 12891, 15771, 15772, 15901, 16066,22050.T2044 Datura metel (Solanaceae); YANG JIN HUA; Hindu Datura Flower.Equivalent plant: Datura innoxia. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: Tosuppress cough and calm asthma, relieve pain and settle tetany. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma without phlegm, cold pain in heart and

424abdomen, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, epilepsy,chronic fright wind, anesthesia. Isolated compounds: 1287, 2001,10870, 10872, 21372.T2045 Datura spp. (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 10870.T2046 Datura stramonium (Solanaceae); OU MAN TUO LUO GEN;Jimsonweed Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Datura metel.TCM Indications: See Datura metel. Isolated compounds: 664, 2001,4417, 10872, 22049.T2047 Datura stramonium (Solanaceae); WAN TAO HUA ZI; JimsonweedSeed*. Used part: seed or fruit. TCM Effects: See Datura metel. TCMIndications: See Datura metel. Isolated compounds: 15772, 15773.T2048 Daucus carota (Apiaceae); HE SHI FENG; Wild Carrot. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To kill worms, disperse swelling, disperseqi, transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Worm accumulation, ganaccumulation, distention fullness in stomach duct and abdomen,edema, jaundice, poison from smoke, damp itchy in sore and papules,alopecia areata. Isolated compounds: 207, 208, 218, 1840, 3216, 4676,4679, 7707, 7756, 7767, 18275.T2049 Daucus carota (Apiaceae); NAN HE SHI; Wild Carrot Fruit. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To kill worms, disperse accumulation, relieve itch.TCM Indications: Ascariasis, oxyuria disease, taeniasis,ancylostomiasis, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, child ganaccumulation, pudendal itch. Isolated compounds: 1840, 2306, 2412,3045, 3208, 3209, 3210, 3211, 3216, 4140, 4390, 4675, 4679, 4835,6745, 7073, 7707, 9088, 12843, 12849, 13212, 14531, 15204, 17028,17127, 17376, 19687, 20988, 20992, 21371, 22195.T2050 Daucus carota var. sativa (Apiaceae); HU LUO BO; Carrot. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and harmonize center, relievecough and transform phlegm, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Indigestion, chronic dysentery, cough. Isolatedcompounds: 3208, 3212, 3215, 3241, 3242, 3760, 3768, 8313, 14586,17264, 18275.T2051 Daucus carota var. sativa (Apiaceae); HU LUO BO ZI; Carrot Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and dry damp,disinhibit water and kill worms. TCM Indications: Chronic dysentery,phlegm asthma. Isolated compounds: 3216, 4679, 8313.T2052 Davallia divaricata [Syn. Davallia formosana; Davallia orientalis](Davalliaceae); DA YE GU SUI BU; Taiwan Davallia. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and transform stasis,supplement kidney and strengthen bones, dispel wind and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, kidney vacuity lumbago,wind-damp bone pain. Isolated compounds: 9635, 9639, 15406,15748.T2053 Davallia mariesii (Davalliaceae); HAI ZHOU GU SUI BU; Squirrel’sFoot Fern. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To move blood andquicken network vessels, dispel wind and relieve pain, supplementkidney and strengthen bones. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls, kindey vacuity toothache, lumbago,chronic diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 2889, 9637, 9638, 9639, 9640,9642, 11457, 13567, 15254, 17869, 17888, 22334, 22342, 22343.T2054 Davallia solida (Davalliaceae); KUO YE GU SUI BU; BroadleafDavallia. Isolated compounds: 8741, 22841.T2055 Davallia sp. (Davalliaceae). Isolated compounds: 22465.T2056 Debregeasia longifolia (Urticaceae); CHANG YE SHUI MA;Longleaf Debregeasia. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve cough, clear heat and disinhibit damp. TCMIndications: Wind damage and common cold, cough, heat inpediment,cystitis, innominate toxin swelling, toothache. Isolated compounds:8095.T2057 Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae); DI KE DONG; Swamp Loosestrife.Isolated compounds: 4832, 22433.T2058 Deeringia amaranthoides [Syn. Cladostachys frutescens](Amaranthaceae); JIANG GUO XIAN; Frutescent Cladostachys. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, dysentery, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 18229.T2059 Dehaasia triandra (Lauraceae); SAN RUI LIAN GUI; ThreestamenDehaasia*. Isolated compounds: 15881.T2060 Delonix regia (Fabaceae); FENG HUANG MU; Flamboyanttree. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To calm liver and subdue yang. TCMIndications: Hypertension due to liver heat, dizziness, vexation.Isolated compounds: 2057, 18281.T2061 Delphinium barbeyi (Ranunculaceae); BA BI CUI QUE HUA; BarbeyLarkspur*. Isolated compounds: 1366.T2062 Delphinium bonvalotii (Ranunculaceae); CHUAN QIAN CUI QUEHUA; Bonvalot Larkspur. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeDelphinium omeiense. TCM Indications: See Delphinium omeiense.Isolated compounds: 4998.T2063 Delphinium brownii (Ranunculaceae); BAO SHI FEI YAN CAO;Brown Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 2657.T2064 Delphinium carduchorum (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 3191,5002.T2065 Delphinium carolinianum (Ranunculaceae); KA LUO LAI NA CUIQUE; Carolina Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 782.T2066 Delphinium cashmerianum (Ranunculaceae); KE SHEN MI ER CUIQUE; Kashmir Larkspur. Isolated compounds: 2042, 12510, 13169.T2067 Delphinium confusum (Ranunculaceae); YI SI CUI QUE; ConfusableLarkspur*. Isolated compounds: 3963.T2068 Delphinium consolida (Ranunculaceae); QIANG GU FEI YAN CAO;Consolidated Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 5004, 5035, 13189.T2069 Delphinium corumbosum (Ranunculaceae); GUANG FEI YAN CAO;Light Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 5003.T2070 Delphinium crispulum (Ranunculaceae); TU ER QI CUI QUE HUA;Turkish Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 4242, 5009.T2071 Delphinium denudatum (Ranunculaceae); LU CUI QUE; DenudedLarkspur*. Isolated compounds: 3963, 5136, 11728.T2072 Delphinium dictyocarpum (Ranunculaceae); WANG GUO CUI QUEHUA; Reticulatefruit Larkspur. Isolated compounds: 5036.T2073 Delphinium dissectum (Ranunculaceae); SHEN LIE CUI QUE HUA;Deeplobed Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 10501.T2074 Delphinium elatum (Ranunculaceae); GAO FEI YAN CAO; AlpineLarkspur. Isolated compounds: 5036, 6734, 14569.T2075 Delphinium excelsum (Ranunculaceae); GAO DA CUI QUE HUA;High Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 10501, 10543, 14286.T2076 Delphinium giraldii (Ranunculaceae); QIN LING CUI QUE HUA;Girald Larkspur. Isolated compounds: 4991, 5618, 8454, 8455, 20001,

42520727, 21445.T2077 Delphinium grandiflorum (Ranunculaceae); CUI QUE HUA; BouquetLarkspur. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, relieve pain, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Wind-heat toothache, wind-damp impediment pain, sore wellingabscess and lichen lai. Isolated compounds: 14569.T2078 Delphinium iliense (Ranunculaceae); YI LI CUI QUE HUA; IliLarkspur. Isolated compounds: 5036.T2079 Delphinium kamaonense var. glabrescens (Ranunculaceae); ZHANMAO CUI QUE HUA; Hair Larkspur. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and dry damp, check dysentery. TCMIndications: Damp-heat dysentery, enteritis and diarrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 8491, 20727.T2080 Delphinium occidentale (Ranunculaceae); XI FANG CUI QUE;Occidental Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 5036.T2081 Delphinium omeiense (Ranunculaceae); E MEI CUI QUE HUA; EmeiLarkspur. Equivalent plant: Delphinium bonvalotii, Delphiniumpotaninii, Delphinium potaninii var. jiufengshanense. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, free networkvessels and relieve pain, disperse swelling and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Wind-damp pain in sinew and bone, stomachache, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, welling abscess and sores,hemorrhoids, lichen lai. Isolated compounds: 1366, 5005, 5006, 5033,5034, 5035, 5038, 11372, 12372, 13189, 14569, 17745.T2082 Delphinium oreophilum (Ranunculaceae); XI SHAN CUI QUE;Montane Larkspur. Isolated compounds: 338.T2083 Delphinium pentagynum (Ranunculaceae); WU ZHU FEI YAN CAO;Fivestyle Larkspur*. Isolated compounds: 3201, 4897, 5056, 5083,8044.T2084 Delphinium potaninii (Ranunculaceae); HEI SHUI CUI QUE; PotaninLarkspur. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Delphinium omeiense.TCM Indications: See Delphinium omeiense. Isolated compounds:17743, 17744.T2085 Delphinium potaninii var. jiufengshanense (Ranunculaceae); HEISHUI CUI QUE HUA BIAN ZHONG; Potanin Larkspur Variety*.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Delphinium omeiense. TCMIndications: See Delphinium omeiense. Isolated compounds: 1366,6732, 8511, 11887, 11888.T2086 Delphinium staphisagria (Ranunculaceae); SI TA WEI CUI QUEHUA; Stavisacre. Isolated compounds: 5032, 20262.T2087 Delphinium tatsienense (Ranunculaceae); KANG DING CUI QUEHUA; Kangting Larkspur. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To warmcenter and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Cold pain in abdomen,taxation damage and sinew bone pain. Isolated compounds: 782, 5038,9472, 20726, 20727, 20728, 20729.T2088 Delphinium tricorne (Ranunculaceae); SAN JU AI CUI QUE; SpringLarkspur. Isolated compounds: 21593.T2089 Delphinium trifoliolatum (Ranunculaceae); SAN XIAO YE CUI QUEHUA; Threefoliolate Larkspur. Isolated compounds: 21635, 21636,21637.T2090 Delphinium virescens (Ranunculaceae); DAN LV CUI QUE; VirescentLarkspur. Isolated compounds: 782.T2091 Delphinium yunnanense (Ranunculaceae); XIAO CAO WU; YunnanLarkspur. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,relieve pain, settle fright. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, stomachache, epilepsy, infant fright wind, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 5004, 7521.T2092 Delphinus delphis (Delphinidae); HAI TUN YU; Dolphin. Used part:meat or fat. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, engender flesh, settle pain.TCM Indications: Tinea capitis, sore and boil, hemorrhoids andfistulas, burns and scalds, miasmic malaria, tympanites. Isolatedcompounds: 11754.T2093 Dendranthema grandiflorum (Asteraceae); DA HUA JU;Large-flowered Dendranthema*. Isolated compounds: 5594, 13128,13129, 13130, 13131, 13132.T2094 Dendrobium aduncum (Orchidaceae); GOU ZHUANG SHI HU; Hooked Dendrobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Dendrobiumnobile. TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile. Isolated compounds:654.T2095 Dendrobium amoenum (Orchidaceae); KE AI SHI HU; DelightfulDendrobium. Isolated compounds: 1070, 11216.T2096 Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum (Orchidaceae); DIE QIAOSHI HU; Denne Denrdobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: SeeDendrobium nobile. TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile.Isolated compounds: 19540.T2097 Dendrobium capillipes (Orchidaceae); DUAN BANG SHI HU;Hairstalk Denrdobium. Isolated compounds: 19540.T2098 Dendrobium chrysanthum (Orchidaceae); SHU HUA SHI HU;Goldenflower Dendrobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: SeeDendrobium nobile. TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile.Isolated compounds: 3627, 10835.T2099 Dendrobium chrysotoxum (Orchidaceae); GU CHUI SHI HU;Yellowbow Dendrobium. Isolated compounds: 3627, 3628.T2100 Dendrobium densiflorum (Orchidaceae); MI HUA SHI HU;Denseflower Dendrobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: SeeDendrobium nobile. TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile.Isolated compounds: 4585, 5128, 5132, 5133, 5970, 6163, 8380, 9604,14996, 19540, 19542, 22041.T2101 Dendrobium fimbriatum (Orchidaceae); LIU SU JIN SHI HU;Fimbriate Dendrobium*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat, moisten lung, relieve cough. TCM Indications: Cough,asthma, tuberculosis, pleuritis, fluid damage and thirst. Isolatedcompounds: 7799.T2102 Dendrobium fimbriatum var. oculatum (Orchidaceae); LIU SU SHI HU;Eyeshaped Dendrobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: SeeDendrobium nobile. TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile.Isolated compounds: 3627, 19983.T2103 Dendrobium findleyanum (Orchidaceae); FEN LAI SHI HU; FindleyDendrobium*. Isolated compounds: 5108.T2104 Dendrobium gratiosissimum (Orchidaceae); BEI QIAO SHI HU;Muchlovable Denrdobium. Isolated compounds: 3627.T2105 Dendrobium loddigesii (Orchidaceae); MEI HUA SHI HU; LoddigesDendrobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Dendrobium nobile.TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile. Isolated compounds: 14997,19802, 19803.T2106 Dendrobium moniliforme (Orchidaceae); XI JING SHI HU;

426Moliniform Dendrobium*. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: SeeDendrobium nobile. TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile.Isolated compounds: 85, 3627, 5109, 5110, 5111, 5112, 5113, 5116,5117, 5118, 5119, 5125, 10035, 10036, 22338.T2107 Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae); SHI HU (4) ; Noble Dendrobium.Equivalent plant: Dendrobium loddigesii, Dendrobium densiflorum,Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium chrysanthum, Dendrobiumfimbriatum var. oculatum, Dendrobium aduncum, Dendrobiummoniliforme, Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum. Used part:stem. TCM Effects: To boost stomach and engender liquid, enrich yinand clear heat. TCM Indications: Yin damage liquid depletion, drymouth with vexation and thirst, reduced food intake with dry retching,vacuity heat during convalescence, dim vision. Isolated compounds:5106, 5107, 5108, 5120, 5121, 5122, 5123, 5124, 5125, 5126, 5127,9982, 9983, 9984, 11585, 11586, 11587, 14288, 15639, 15640, 15705.T2108 Dendrobium officinale (Orchidaceae); TIE PI SHI HU; Iron-sheetDenrdobium. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Dendrobium nobile.TCM Indications: See Dendrobium nobile. Isolated compounds: 3627.T2109 Dendrobium primulinum (Orchidaceae); BAO CHUN SHI HU;Primrose Denrdobium. Isolated compounds: 3627.T2110 Dendrobium thyrsiflorum (Orchidaceae); JU HUA SHI HU;Thyrseflower Dendrobium. Isolated compounds: 19540.T2111 Dendrobium williamsonii (Orchidaceae); HEI MAO SHI HU;Blackhair Denrdobium. Isolated compounds: 3627.T2112 Dendrosicyos socotrana (Cucurbitaceae); Cucumber Tree. Isolatedcompounds: 5114, 11356.T2113 Dennstaedtia scabra [Syn. Dicksonia scabra] (Dennstaedtiaceae);WAN JUE; Scabrous Boulder Fern. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To dispel wind, clear heat and resolve exterior. TCMIndications: Common cold with headache, wind-damp impedimentpain. Isolated compounds: 16102, 18098, 18157.T2114 Deprea subtriflora . Isolated compounds: 1427, 1428, 1429, 1430,1431, 1432, 1433, 1457.T2115 Dermatocarpon minitum (Dermatocarpaceae); HEI SHI ER. Used part:lichen body. TCM Effects: To disperse food, disinhibit water, lowerblood pressure. TCM Indications: Indigestion, abdominal distention,dysentery, gan accumulation, hypertension. Isolated compounds:22607.T2116 Dermocybe sp. Isolated compounds: 2019, 2020.T2117 Derris amazonica (Fabaceae); YA MA XUN YU TENG; AmazonianJewelvine*. Isolated compounds: 19394.T2118 Derris elliptica (Fabaceae); MAO YU TENG; Tubaroot Jewelvine.Isolated compounds: 4872, 6028, 18939, 21483.T2119 Derris eriocarpa (Fabaceae); MAO GUO YU TENG; HairypodFishvane. Used part: lianoid stem. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urineand free strangury, transform phlegm and relieve cough. TCMIndications: Nephritis, cystitis, urethritis, beriberi with edema, cough.Isolated compounds: 6061, 7273, 7274.T2120 Derris malaccensis (Fabaceae); MA LIU JIA YU TENG; MalaccaJewelvine*. Isolated compounds: 13415, 20485.T2121 Derris mollis (Fabaceae); MO LI YU TENG; Molly Jewelvine*.Isolated compounds: 12163.T2122 Derris robusta (Fabaceae); CU ZHUANG YU TENG; RobustJewelvine. Isolated compounds: 5235.T2123 Derris scandens (Fabaceae); PAN YUAN YU TENG; ClimbingJewelvine. Isolated compounds: 3475, 3602, 5222, 5223, 5224, 5225,5226, 5227, 5228, 5229, 5230, 5231, 5232, 5233, 5234, 6496, 7317,7825, 7826, 8278, 8278, 11324, 11683, 13088, 13105, 13106, 13107,13281, 16249, 18685, 19299, 19449, 19450, 19451, 19452, 19453,22189, 22637.T2124 Derris trifoliata (Fabaceae); YU TENG; Trifoliate Jewelvine. Usedpart: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis and relievepain, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, lichen. Isolated compounds: 4872, 6762, 10067,18939, 18939, 20965, 21483, 21483, 21484.T2125 Descurainia sophia (Brassicaceae); BO NIANG HAO; FlixweedTansymustard Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: See Lepidiumapetalum. TCM Indications: See Lepidium apetalum. Isolatedcompounds: 948, 949, 2294, 5245, 5246, 5247, 7291, 9335, 9452,11642, 11648, 11657, 11659, 12059, 16887, 18364, 19909, 19913,19914, 19915, 20397.T2126 Desfontainia spinosa DUO CI DI SHI MU; Desfontainia spinosa.Isolated compounds: 15539, 20171.T2127 Desmanthus illinoensis (Fabaceae); YI LI NUO HE HUAN CAO;Prairie Mimosa. Isolated compounds: 5252.T2128 Desmodium canum (Fabaceae); DAN HUI BAI SHAN MA HUANG;Light-hoar Tickclover*. Isolated compounds: 5264, 5265, 14754.T2129 Desmodium cephalotes (Fabaceae); JIA MU DOU; CapitulumTickclover*. Isolated compounds: 9646.T2130 Desmodium gangeticum (Fabaceae); HONG MU JI CAO;Hookedhairypod Tickclover. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Todispel stasis and regulate menstruation, resolve toxin, relieve pain.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, prolapse of uterus, prolapse ofrectum, amenorrhea, psoriasis, toothache, headache. Isolatedcompounds: 6370, 6418, 6420, 9646, 10590, 10877, 13920, 14008,14750, 14796, 17083.T2131 Desmodium pulchellum [Syn. Phyllodium pulchellum] (Fabaceae); PAIQIAN CAO; Beautiful Phyllodium. Used part: aerial parts. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispel wind and move water,quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common coldwith fever, swelling pain in throat, gan of teeth and gum, wind-dampimpediment pain, edema, ascites, liver spleen enlargement, knocks andfalls, poisonous insect stings, malaria, bilharziosis. Isolatedcompounds: 6370, 6418, 6420, 13920, 14038.T2132 Desmodium pulchellum [Syn. Phyllodium pulchellum] (Fabaceae); PAIQIAN CAO GEN; Beautiful Phyllodium Root. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To transform stasis and disperse concretion, clear heat anddisinhibit water. TCM Indications: Concretion and conglomeration,pain in rib-side, jaundice, ascites, damp-heat impediment, amenorrhea,menstrual disorder, welling abscess and flat abscess with clove sore,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1110.T2133 Desmodium racemosum [Syn. Podocarpium podocarpum var.oxyphyllum] (Fabaceae); SHAN MA HUANG; AcutifoliatePodocarpium. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, flooding, vaginal discharge,

427pharyngolaryngitis, mammary welling abscess, knocks and falls,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 12018.T2134 Desmodium styracifolium (Fabaceae); GUANG JIN QIAN CAO;Snowbellleaf Tickclover. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and eliminate damp, disinhibit urine and free strangury.TCM Indications: Heat strangury, sand strangury, stone strangury, painof hot urine, scant urine with edema, jaundice with reddish urine,urethral stone. Isolated compounds: 1598, 5266, 5267, 5698, 18706,20280, 22042.T2135 Desmodium tiliaefolium (Fabaceae); DUAN YE SHAN MA HUANG;Lindenleaf Tickclover*. Isolated compounds: 9646.T2136 Desmos cochinchinensis [Syn. Desmos chinensis] (Annonaceae); JIAYING ZHAO; Chinese Desmos. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and disinhibit damp, transform stasis and relieve pain,fortify spleen and harmonize stomach, interrupt malaria and killworms. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, edema,diarrhea, indigestion, distending pain in stomach duct, malaria, windpapules, knocks and falls, scab and lichen, foot rot. Isolatedcompounds: 5270, 5985.T2137 Desmos dumosus (Annonaceae); MAO YE JIA YING ZHAO GEN;Piloseleaf Desmos Root. Isolated compounds: 5268, 5269.T2138 Dialium guineense (Anacardiaceae); Velvet Tamarind. Isolatedcompounds: 22839.T2139 Dianella ensifolia (Liliaceae); SHAN MAO ER; Swordleaf Dianella.Used part: rhizome or whole herb. TCM Effects: To draw out toxinand disperse swelling, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Scrofula, sore and lichen, welling abscess and flat abscess,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 14639.T2140 Dianella nigra (Liliaceae); HEI JIE GENG LAN; Black Dianella*.Isolated compounds: 382, 5019, 5026, 5031.T2141 Dianella tasmanica (Liliaceae); TA SI MA NI YA JIE GENG LAN;Flax Lily. Isolated compounds: 382, 5019, 5026, 5031.T2142 Dianthus caryophyllus (Caryophyllaceae); SHE XIANG SHI ZHU;Carnation. Isolated compounds: 5366, 5372, 5529, 5530.T2143 Dianthus chinensis (Caryophyllaceae); SHI ZHU; Chinese Pink. Usedpart: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Dianthus superbus. TCMIndications: See Dianthus superbus. Isolated compounds: 2068, 2297,5371, 7521.T2144 Dianthus sp. (Caryophyllaceae). Isolated compounds: 3454.T2145 Dianthus superbus (Caryophyllaceae); QU MAI; Lilac Pink.Equivalent plant: Dianthus chinensis, Dianthus versicolor. Used part:aerial parts. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and free strangury, breakblood and free menstruation, anticancer. TCM Indications: Strangury,heat strangury, blood strangury, stone strangury, urinary tract infection,urinary stoppage, dripping with inhibited pain, amenorrhea, carcinomaof esophagus, carcinoma of rectum. Isolated compounds: 2280, 2297,5358, 5359, 5367, 5368, 5369, 5370, 13903, 14718.T2146 Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus (Caryophyllaceae); CHANG EQU MAI; Longcalyx Pink*. Isolated compounds: 5358, 5364, 12954.T2147 Dianthus versicolor (Caryophyllaceae); BIAN SE SHI ZHU;Versicolorous Pink. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeDianthus superbus. TCM Indications: See Dianthus superbus. Isolatedcompounds: 5358, 5359, 5360, 5361, 5362, 5363, 5364, 5365.T2148 Dicentra cucullaria (Papaveraceae); DOU ZHUANG HE BAO MUDAN; Dutchman’s Breeches. Isolated compounds: 642, 4351, 4353,15918.T2149 Dicentra eximia (Papaveraceae); SUI MAO HE BAO MU DAN; WildBleedingheart. Isolated compounds: 4352, 4353, 8513.T2150 Dicentra formosa (Papaveraceae); MEI LI HE BAO MU DAN;Bleedingheart. Isolated compounds: 4353.T2151 Dicentra oregana (Papaveraceae); E LE GANG HE BAO MU DAN;Oregon Bleedingheart. Isolated compounds: 4353.T2152 Dicentra peregrina (Papaveraceae); YI YANG HE BAO MU DAN;Peregrin Bleedingheart*. Isolated compounds: 12603, 19284.T2153 Dicentra pusilla (Papaveraceae); XI XIAO HE BAO MU DAN; LittleBleedingheart*. Isolated compounds: 5417.T2154 Dicentra spectabilis (Papaveraceae); HE BAO MU DAN GEN; ShowyBleedingheart Root. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,quicken blood, settle pain. TCM Indications: Incised wound, soretoxin, stomachache. Isolated compounds: 3494, 3498, 3507, 3508,4032, 4290, 18655, 19284, 19566.T2155 Dicentra spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2156 Dichelostemma multiflorum . Isolated compounds: 2613, 2614, 20214.T2157 Dichotomanthes tristaniaecarpa (Rosaceae); NIU JIN TIAO; CommonOxmuscle. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, suppress cough, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Common cold with cough, swelling pain in throat,nosebleed(epistaxis). Isolated compounds: 7276, 7277.T2158 Dichroa febrifuga (Saxifragaceae); CHANG SHAN; AntifebrileDichroa. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm and interruptmalaria. TCM Indications: Malaria, scrofula. Isolated compounds:5435, 5436, 7747, 10171, 18420.T2159 Dicksonia gigantean (Dicksoniaceae). Isolated compounds: 16098.T2160 Dicliptera riparia (Acanthaceae); HE AN GOU GAN CAI; RiparianDicliptera*. Isolated compounds: 5437, 5438, 5439.T2161 Dicranopteris pedata [Syn. Polypodium pedatum; Dicranopterisdichotoma] (Gleicheniaceae); MANG QI GU; Dichotoma Forked Fern.Used part: yang leaf with petiole. TCM Effects: To transform stasisand stanch bleeding, clear heat and disinhibit urine, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Flooding, wound swelling fromknocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, damp-heat strangurypain, leukorrhea, infant diarrhea, hemorrhoids and fistulas, red eyeswith gall, burns and scalds, poisonous insect stings. Isolatedcompounds: 5763, 10106, 12082, 18411, 19088, 19805, 19983, 19987,20369, 20372.T2162 Dicranostigma franchetianum [Syn. Dicranostigma leptopodum](Papaveraceae); TU CHUANG HUA; Slenderstalk Dicranostigma.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disperse swelling and relieve pain, kill worms. TCM Indications: Painin throat, toothache, scrofula, bald sores, scab and lichen, wellingabscess and boil, common wart. Isolated compounds: 3502, 13716,15664.T2163 Dicranostigma spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2164 Dictamnus albus (Rutaceae); BAI SE BAI XIAN; Burning Bush.Isolated compounds: 11376, 15882, 17849, 20002.T2165 Dictamnus angustifolius (Rutaceae); XIA YE BAI XIAN; Narrowleaf

428Dittary*. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: See Dictamnusdasycarpus. TCM Indications: See Dictamnus dasycarpus. Isolatedcompounds: 5443, 5444, 5456, 11424, 11642.T2166 Dictamnus caucasicus (Rutaceae); GAO JIA SUO BAI XIAN;Caucasian Pittany*. Isolated compounds: 7703, 18881.T2167 Dictamnus dasycarpus (Rutaceae); BAI XIAN PI; Densefruit PittanyRoot-bark. Equivalent plant: Dictamnus angustifolius. Used part: rootcortex. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp, dispel wind andrelieve itch, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Dermatitis, psoriasis,icterohepatitis, damp-heat sore and papules, profuse pus, yellow-watersore, damp ulceration on skin, itchy skin, damp-heat jaundice,damp-heat impediment. Isolated compounds: 3040, 4663, 5445, 5446,5447, 5448, 5449, 5450, 5451, 5452, 5453, 5454, 5455, 7669, 7703,7945, 11518, 12226, 15882, 15883, 17805, 17849, 20002, 21662.T2168 Dictamnus spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12847.T2169 Dictyota dichotoma (Dictyotaceae); WANG DI ZAO. Isolatedcompounds: 11579.T2170 Dictyota linearis (Dictyotaceae); XIAN ZHUANG WANG DI ZAO.Isolated compounds: 374, 505, 15391.T2171 Dictyota pfaffii (Dictyotaceae); BA XI ZONG ZAO; Brazilian BrownAlga Dictyota pfaffii. Isolated compounds: 163, 5303, 21724.T2172 Didymocarpus pedicellata (Gesneriaceae). Isolated compounds: 9305,16697.T2173 Digenea simplex (Rhodomelaceae); HAI REN CAO; Simple DigeneaFrond. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To expel roundworm. TCMIndications: Ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 936, 2318, 3849.T2174 Digitalis ferruginea (Scrophulariaceae); XIU MAO DI HUANG;Rusty Foxglove. Isolated compounds: 5522, 9564.T2175 Digitalis lanata (Scrophulariaceae); MAO HUA MAO DI HUANG;Grecian Foxglove. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Digitalispurpurea. TCM Indications: See Digitalis purpurea. Isolatedcompounds: 377, 5523, 5526, 5533, 7557, 8461, 9564, 10351, 12952,16004.T2176 Digitalis orientalis (Scrophulariaceae); DONG FANG YANG DIHUANG; Oriental Foxglove*. Isolated compounds: 6016.T2177 Digitalis purpurea (Scrophulariaceae); MAO DI HUANG; CommonFoxglove. Equivalent plant: Digitalis lanata. Used part: leaf. TCMEffects: To strengthen heart and disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Cardiac failure, edema due to heart disease. Isolated compounds: 2887,5524, 5526, 7557, 8461, 12436, 12952, 16004, 18216, 18217, 18219,18220, 18221, 20406.T2178 Digitalis schischkinii (Scrophulariaceae); SI SHI MAO DI HUANG;Schischkin Foxglove*. Isolated compounds: 6016.T2179 Digitalis spp. (Scrophulariaceae). Isolated compounds: 18216, 18217.T2180 Digitalis thapsii (Scrophulariaceae); SA SHI MAO DI HUANG; ThapsFoxglove*. Isolated compounds: 3300, 3622.T2181 Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae); WU YA GUO; Hondapara. Used part:root or bark. TCM Effects: To promote astriction, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Dysentery, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 2333, 5652,8095, 10339.T2182 Dillenia pentagyna (Dilleniaceae); XIAO HUA WU YA GUO;Pentagynous Dillenia. Isolated compounds: 18728.T2183 Dilophus ligulatus (Dictyotaceae); DI ZHONG HAI ZONG HAI ZAO;Mediterranean Brown Alga Dilophus ligulatus. Isolated compounds:16495.T2184 Dimocarpus fumatus (Sapindaceae); YAN SE LONG YAN; SmokeLongan*. Isolated compounds: 1592, 18718.Dimocarpus longan = Euphoria longanT2185 Dioclea grandiflora (Fabaceae); DA HUA DI AO DOU. Isolatedcompounds: 7831.T2186 Dionaea muscipula (Droseraceae); BU YING CAO; Venus’s Flytrap.Isolated compounds: 17568, 17569.T2187 Dionaea rotundifolia (Droseraceae); YUAN YE BU YING CAO;Round-leaf Flytrap*. Isolated compounds: 17569.T2188 Dioscorea alata (Dioscoreaceae); MAO SHU; Winged Yam. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and check diarrhea, nourishlung and enrich kidney, resolve toxin and close sores. TCMIndications: Spleen vacuity diarrhea, kidney vacuity and emission,vaginal discharge, frequent urination, vacuity taxation cough, diabetesmellitus, ulcerating sores, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 835,836, 3594, 4451, 15528, 17876.T2189 Dioscorea althaeoides (Dioscoreaceae); SHU KUI YE SHU YU;Hollyhock-like Yam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To coursewind and dispel damp, fortify spleen and disperse food, quicken bloodand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: common cold with headache,wind-damp impediment pain, food accumulation distention andfullness, indigestion, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 5216,6437, 6440, 7024, 8968, 20028.T2190 Dioscorea batatas [Syn. Dioscorea opposita] (Dioscoreaceae); SHANYAO; Common Yam. Equivalent plant: Dioscorea japonica. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and nourish stomach,engender liquid and boost lung, supplement kidney and rough essence.TCM Indications: Reduced food intake due to spleen vacuity,incessant chronic diarrhea, cough and asthma due to lung vacuity,kidney vacuity and emission, vaginal discharge, frequent urination,vacuity heat and diabetes mellitus. Isolated compounds: 36, 618, 917,2163, 2164, 2165, 2166, 2167, 3040, 3585, 5040, 5694, 6437, 6440,6442, 6559, 9486, 14232, 14233, 14238, 14239, 17256, 19983, 20369,21835.T2191 Dioscorea bulbifera (Dioscoreaceae); HUANG YAO ZI; AirpotatoYam. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: To dissipate binds and dispersegoiter, clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Goiter and tuberculosis, throat impediment,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, poisonous snake bite,carcinoma, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hemoptysis,pertussis, lung heat cough. Isolated compounds: 6434, 6435, 6436,10774, 17876.T2192 Dioscorea cayenensis (Dioscoreaceae). Isolated compounds: 6437,6447, 14699.T2193 Dioscorea cirrhosa [Syn. Dioscorea pogonoides] (Dioscoreaceae);SHU LIANG; Shoulang Yam. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and stanch bleeding, rectify qi and relieve pain, clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Coughing of blood,hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria,hematochezia, flooding and spotting [= metrorrhagia and metrostaxis],menstrual disorder [= menoxenia], dysmenorrhea, menstrual block,

429postpartum abdominal pain, distending pain in stomach duct andabdomen, sand distention and abdominal pain, heat toxin blooddysentery, water diarrhea, pain in joints, painful swelling from knocksand falls, sore and boil, zoster, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 17869, 17876, 17888, 17893.T2194 Dioscorea collettii (Dioscoreaceae); CHA RUI SHU YU; Collett Yam.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and disinhibit damp,free network vessels and relieve pain, clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, hypertonicity andnumbness, qi stagnation stomachache, damp-heat jaundice, whiteturbidity, strangury with pain, leukorrhea, knocks and falls, damp sorewith swelling toxin, wind papules, eczema, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 3922, 3923, 3924, 3925, 5197, 5216, 6440, 6445,7013, 7024, 11554, 19392, 20028, 22878, 22881.T2195 Dioscorea deltoidea (Dioscoreaceae); SAN JIAO YE SHU YU;Deltoid Yam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To supplementstomach and spleen, boost lung and kidney. TCM Indications: Spleenvacuity diarrhea, lung vacuity enduring cough, kidney vacuity andemission, diabetes mellitus. Isolated compounds: 5040, 5041, 12488.T2196 Dioscorea dumetorum (Dioscoreaceae); JING JI SHU YU; ThornyYam*. Isolated compounds: 2163.T2197 Dioscorea futschauensis (Dioscoreaceae); FU ZHOU SHU YU;Foochow Yam. Equivalent plant: Dioscorea spongiosa. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, disinhibit damp andturbidity, disperse swelling toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, strangury with pain, white turbidity, leukorrhea,damp sore. Isolated compounds: 5216, 6437, 6440, 6443, 7024, 8968,13990, 13991, 20028.T2198 Dioscorea gracillima (Dioscoreaceae); XIAN XI SHU YU; ThinnestYam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Dioscorea hypoglauca.TCM Indications: See Dioscorea hypoglauca. Isolated compounds:5216, 6437, 6440, 8968, 17973, 17975, 22878.T2199 Dioscorea hirsuta (Dioscoreaceae); CU MAO SHU YU; Hirsute Yam*.Isolated compounds: 6439.T2200 Dioscorea hispida (Dioscoreaceae); BAI SHU LANG; Hispid Yam.Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of welling abscessand flat abscess, syphilis, chancre, painful swelling from knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 6439, 6440.T2201 Dioscorea hypoglauca [Syn. Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca](Dioscoreaceae); BI XIE; Hypoglaucous Collett Yam. Equivalent plant:Dioscorea gracillima, Dioscorea tokoro. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To disinhibit damp and turbidity, dispel wind-damp. TCMIndications: Unctuous strangury, white turbidity, vaginal discharge,sores, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds: 5197, 5216,6437, 6440, 6441, 6445, 7024, 17977, 17980, 22878, 22879, 22881.T2202 Dioscorea japonica (Dioscoreaceae); RI BEN SHU YU; Japanese Yam.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Dioscorea batatas. TCMIndications: See Dioscorea batatas. Isolated compounds: 6437.T2203 Dioscorea nipponica (Dioscoreaceae); CHUAN LONG SHU YU;Nippon Yam. Equivalent plant: Dioscorea nipponica ssp. rosthornii.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,quicken blood and relieve pain, relieve cough and dispel phlegm.TCM Indications: Pain in joints, rheumatic endocarditis, sciatica,chronic bronchitis, chronic trachitis, wind-cold-damp impediment,indigestion, taxation detriment and sprain, malaria, swollen wellingabscess. Isolated compounds: 1889, 5216, 6437, 6440, 6443, 6448,7024, 17479, 20028, 20207.T2204 Dioscorea nipponica ssp. rosthornii (Dioscoreaceae); CHAI HUANGJIANG; Rosthorn Yam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeDioscorea nipponica. TCM Indications: See Dioscorea nipponica.Isolated compounds: 5216, 6440.T2205 Dioscorea panthaica (Dioscoreaceae); HUANG SHAN YAO; YellowYam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Qi stagnationstomachache, vomiting diarrhea with abdominal pain, taxationdetriment due to knocks and falls, toxin swelling of sores, poisonoussnake bite. Isolated compounds: 2492, 2493, 5216, 6437, 6438, 6440,17654, 18056.T2206 Dioscorea parviflora (Dioscoreaceae); XIAO HUA DUN YE SHU YU;Smallflower Yam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Swelling toxin of welling abscess and boil, soft tissue sprain, bee sting,insect bites. Isolated compounds: 4794, 5040, 5041, 5216, 6440, 8968,14287, 14653, 16682, 17975, 22878.T2207 Dioscorea rotundata [Syn. Dioscorea cayenensis] (Dioscoreaceae);YUAN SHU YU; Guinea Yam. Isolated compounds: 2166, 8623, 9549,11246, 14698.T2208 Dioscorea septemloba (Dioscoreaceae); MIAN BI XIE; SevenlobedYam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To disinhibit damp andeliminate turbidity, dispel wind and free impediment. TCM Indications:Strangury with white turbidity, excessive leukorrhea, damp-heat soretoxin, impediment pain in lumbus and knees. Isolated compounds:5216, 6440.T2209 Dioscorea sp. (Dioscoreaceae). Isolated compounds: 3209.T2210 Dioscorea spongiosa (Dioscoreaceae); HAI JIN BI XIE. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: See Dioscorea futschauensis. TCM Indications:See Dioscorea futschauensis. Isolated compounds: 4680, 6437, 6456,6457, 6458, 6636, 8968, 10896, 11556, 14698, 15985, 17781, 17782,17975, 19778, 20228, 20229, 20230, 20231, 20232, 20233, 20556,23019.T2211 Dioscorea tenuipes (Dioscoreaceae); XI BING SHU YU; ThinstipedYam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, soothesinews and quicken network vessels. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, numbness inlimbs, knocks and falls, taxation damage hypodynamia. Isolatedcompounds: 21426.T2212 Dioscorea tokoro (Dioscoreaceae); SHAN BI XIE; Mountain Yam.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Dioscorea hypoglauca. TCMIndications: See Dioscorea hypoglauca. Isolated compounds: 6437,10961, 12251, 17973, 17975, 20207, 21426, 21427, 21428, 22878,22924, 22925.T2213 Dioscorea zingiberensis (Dioscoreaceae); DUN YE SHU YU; PeltateYam. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear lung and relievecough, disinhibit damp and free strangury, free network vessels andrelieve pain, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:

430Lung heat cough, damp-heat strangury pain, wind-damp lumbago,swollen welling abscess and malign sore, sprain from knocks and falls,bee sting, insect bites. Isolated compounds: 3924, 5216, 6440, 6442,6443, 7024, 8968, 17904, 17975, 17997, 20028, 23005.T2214 Diospyros angustifolia (Ebenaceae). Isolated compounds: 6461, 6462,6463.T2215 Diospyros cinnabarina (Ebenaceae); ZHU HONG SHI; CinnabarPersimmon*. Isolated compounds: 8095.T2216 Diospyros ebenum (Ebenaceae); WU MU XIE; Ceylon PersimmonSawdust. Used part: sawdust. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Cholera with vomiting. Isolated compounds: 1111, 2169,2331, 15251.T2217 Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae); SHI DI; Persimmon Persistent Calyx.Used part: calyx. TCM Effects: To downbear counterflow andprecipitate qi. TCM Indications: Hiccough. Isolated compounds: 1935,3208, 3210, 8095, 11642, 13212, 14790, 16050.T2218 Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae); SHI GEN; Persimmon Root. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood andstanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Flooding, blood dysentery,hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 14026, 15392.T2219 Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae); SHI QI; Immature Persimmon Fruit Juice.Used part: unripe fruit juice. TCM Effects: To calm liver. TCMIndications: Hypertension. Isolated compounds: 351.T2220 Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae); SHI YE; Persimmon Leaf. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To relieve cough and settle asthma, engender liquid andallay thirst, quicken blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Cough and asthma, lung qi distention, internal bleeding. Isolatedcompounds: 8012, 15184, 16050, 22270.T2221 Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae); SHI ZI; Persimmon. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To clear heat, engender liquid, moisten lung, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Cough, heat vexation and thirst, bloodejection, mouth sore, heat dysentery, hematochezia. Isolatedcompounds: 3774.T2222 Diospyros lotus (Ebenaceae); JUN QIAN ZI; Dateplum Persimmon.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat, allay thirst. TCMIndications: Heat vexation, diabetes mellitus. Isolated compounds:2331, 2478, 11379, 13098, 13463, 14541.T2223 Diospyros mafiensis (Ebenaceae); BA BU YA XIN JI NEI YA SHI;Papua-New-Guinea Persimmon*. Isolated compounds: 2447.T2224 Diospyros maritima (Ebenaceae); HAI SHI; Maritime Persimmon*.Isolated compounds: 2402, 2403, 3541, 6451, 7189, 7404, 7448, 7449,11790, 14348, 19542.T2225 Diospyros mollis (Ebenaceae); RUAN SHI; Soft Persimmon*. Isolatedcompounds: 6460.T2226 Diospyros rhombifolia (Ebenaceae); LAO YA SHI; DiamondleafPersimmon. Isolated compounds: 1935, 3846, 11642, 12065, 12071,12077, 12078, 12081, 13479, 15525, 18330, 18378, 18414, 19087.T2227 Diospyros sp. (Ebenaceae). Isolated compounds: 6459, 17568, 20711.T2228 Diospyros sylvatica (Ebenaceae). Isolated compounds: 6450, 14144,14844.T2229 Diospyros zombensis (Ebenaceae). Isolated compounds: 18229.Diphasiastrum alpinum = Lycopodium alpinumT2230 Diphylleia cymosa (Berberidaceae); SHAN XI WO ER QI; AmericanUmbrellaleaf. Isolated compounds: 17341.T2231 Diphylleia grayi (Berberidaceae); SHAN HE YE; JapaneseUmbrellaleaf. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Diphylleiasinensis. TCM Indications: See Diphylleia sinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 4962, 6490, 12020, 17337, 17338, 17347, 17592.T2232 Diphylleia sinensis (Berberidaceae); WO ER QI; Chinese Umbrellaleaf.Equivalent plant: Diphylleia grayi. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects:To dispel wind-damp, clear heat and cool blood, quicken blood andrelieve pain, drain precipitation. TCM Indications: Rheumatic arthritis,pain in lumbus and legs, steaming bone taxation fever, knocks andfalls, menstrual disorder, painful bind in lesser-abdomen, swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 1533, 4962, 5074, 5093, 6490,11592, 12020, 17337, 17341, 17592, 17594.T2233 Diploclisia glaucescens (Menispermaceae); CANG BAI CHENGGOU FENG; Glaucesent Diploclisia. Used part: lianoid stem. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, clear heat and resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp bone pain, swelling pain in throat,cholecystitis, dysentery, urinary tract infection, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 6016, 6679, 7788, 8652, 13411, 16672, 18162,18713.T2234 Dipsacus asperoides (Dipsacaceae); CHUAN XU DUAN; HimalayanTeasel. Equivalent plant: Dipsacus japonicus. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To supplement liver and kidney, strengthen sinews and bones,joint bones, check flooding and spotting. TCM Indications: Limpaching lumbus and knees, wind-damp impediment pain, flooding andspotting, profuse menstruation, fetal bleeding, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 323, 818, 1577, 1890, 1891, 4232, 4234, 4680,5380, 7475, 8642, 8643, 8723, 9260, 9264, 12950, 13298, 14180,14600, 17089, 18717, 19983, 20446, 20503, 21550, 21951, 22831,22832, 22833, 22834.T2235 Dipsacus japonicus (Dipsacaceae); XU DUAN; Japanese Teasel. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: See Dipsacus asperoides. TCM Indications:See Dipsacus asperoides. Isolated compounds: 11817.T2236 Dipterus hispidus . Isolated compounds: 15931.T2237 Dipteryx odorata (Fabaceae); XIANG DOU. Isolated compounds:1388, 1415, 3602, 5835.T2238 Discaria americana (Rhamnaceae). Isolated compounds: 6505, 6506.T2239 Distemonanthus benthamianus (Fabaceae); NI RI LI YA LIANG RUISU MU; Nigerian Satinwood. Isolated compounds: 3611, 16440.T2240 Diuranthera inarticulata (Liliaceae); NAN CHUAN LU SI CAO; S.Sichuan Egretgrass. Isolated compounds: 6526, 6527.T2241 Dizygotheca kerchoveana . Isolated compounds: 4161, 4162, 8638,8639.T2242 Dodonaea spp. (Sapindaceae). Isolated compounds: 19312.T2243 Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindaceae); CHE SANG ZI YE; ClammyHopseedbush Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andpercolate damp, disperse swelling and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Dribbling urination, dribbling urinary block, shoulder swelling, cloveboil, swelling pain in perineum, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds:2887, 3551, 3829, 3831, 9249, 11648, 20369.T2244 Doellingeria scaber [Syn. Aster scaber] (Asteraceae); DONG FENGCAI; Scabrous Doellingeria. Used part: rhizome and whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, brighten eyes, disinhibit throat.

431TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, dizziness, red eyes withgall, red swollen in throat, acute nephritis, lung disease with bloodejection, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess and clove sores,snake bite. Isolated compounds: 5354, 5355, 6918, 7950, 20237.T2245 Dolichandrone stipulata (Bignoniaceae); XI NAN MAO WEI SHU;Stipulate Dolichandrone. Isolated compounds: 16734.T2246 Dolichos lablab (Fabaceae); BIAN DOU; Hyacinth Dolichos Seed.Used part: white ripe seed. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen, transformdamp. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity with damp, reduced foodintake and sloppy stool, excessive leukorrhea, summerheat-dampvomiting and diarrhea, vexation and thirst, oppression in chest.Isolated compounds: 3208, 17425, 20369, 22975.Dolichus angularis = Vigna angularisT2247 Dorstenia barteri var. subtriangularis (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds:2153, 2154, 2155, 6337.T2248 Dorstenia elliptica (Liliaceae); TUO YUAN DUO TAN CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 6304, 6389, 10812.T2249 Dorstenia kameruniana (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 17823.T2250 Dorstenia mannii (Liliaceae); MAN NI DUO TAN CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 6561, 6562, 6563, 6564, 6565, 6566, 6567, 6568, 6569,6570, 6571, 6572.T2251 Doryphora sassafras . Isolated compounds: 6574.T2252 Dracaena cinnabari (Liliaceae); ZHU HONG LONG XUE SHU;Cinnabar Dracaena. Isolated compounds: 21852.T2253 Dracaena cochinchinensis (Liliaceae); JIAN YE LONG XUE SHU;Swordleaf Dracaena. Equivalent plant: Daemonorops draco. Used part:balsam. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis and settle pain, stanchbleeding, close sores and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Knocksand falls, internal damage stasis pain, dysmenorrhea, postpartum bloodstasis abdominal pain, incessant bleeding, scrofula, ulcer of lower limb,hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 2449, 3867, 5754, 7525, 8630,9368, 9482, 10019, 10408, 11600, 13011, 13928, 14022, 14235,18163.T2254 Dracaena draco (Liliaceae); LONG XUE SHU; Dragontree. Isolatedcompounds: 955, 5979, 5991, 6032, 6437, 6440, 6576, 6577, 6578,6579, 10175, 11504, 13012, 14698, 19983, 19997.T2255 Dracaena surculosa (Liliaceae); DUO ZHI LONG XUE SHU. Isolatedcompounds: 7976, 7977, 8690, 8694.T2256 Dracocephalum kotschyi (Lamiaceae); YI LANG QING LAN; IranDragonhead*. Isolated compounds: 3761, 3762, 4088, 12842, 12845,12846, 13729, 16050, 19983, 22270.T2257 Dracocephalum moldavicum (Lamiaceae); XIANG QING LAN;Dragonhead. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course wind andclear heat, disinhibit throat and relieve cough, cool liver and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, headache,swelling pain in throat, cough and asthma, dysentery, jaundice, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, wind papule itching. Isolatedcompounds: 3760, 15498, 21360.T2258 Dracocephalum rupestre (Lamiaceae); YANG QING LAN; RupestrineDragonhead. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course wind andclear heat, cool liver and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Commoncold with headache, swelling pain in throat, cough, dysentery, jaundice.Isolated compounds: 3674.T2259 Dracula chimaera (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 4445, 4446,16904.T2260 Dracula cordobae (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 4445, 4446,16904.T2261 Drechslera siccans (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 6598.T2262 Dregea sinensis (Asclepiadaceae); KU SHENG; Chinese Dregea. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,relieve cough and transform phlegm, quicken blood and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, cough of phlegmasthma, fracture due to knocks and falls, swollen sore of wellingabscess and boil, galactostasis. Isolated compounds: 6599, 6600, 6601,6602, 6603.T2263 Dregea volubilis (Asclepiadaceae); NAN SHAN TENG; TwistingDregea. Used part: whole herb or tuber. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,eliminate damp, relieve pain, clear heat, harmonize stomach. TCMIndications: Common cold, painful joints due to rheumatalgia,lumbago, vomiting in pregnancy, cancer of esophagus, carcinoma ofstomach, malaria. Isolated compounds: 22611, 22612, 22613.T2264 Drimia robusta (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 10693, 22250.T2265 Drosera intermedia (Droseraceae); ZHONG JIAN MAO GAO CAI;Intermediate Sundew*. Isolated compounds: 17569.T2266 Drosera peltata (Droseraceae); DUN ZHUANG MAO GAO CAI;Peltate Sundew*. Isolated compounds: 6605.T2267 Drosera peltata var. lunata (Droseraceae); MAO GAO CAI; LunatePeltate Sundew. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel windand relieve pain, quicken blood, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, taxation damage inlumbar muscle, stomachache, common cold, swelling pain in throat,red and white dysentery, malaria, child gan accumulation, eye screen,scrofula, eczema, scab sore. Isolated compounds: 6605, 9724, 9725,10060, 17568.T2268 Drosera rotundifolia (Droseraceae); YUAN YE MAO GAO CAI;Roundleaf Sundew. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelphlegm, suppress cough, calm asthma, check dysentery. TCMIndications: Cough, asthma, pertussis, dysentery. Isolated compounds:17568, 18930.T2269 Drosera sp. (Droseraceae). Isolated compounds: 9568, 14541.T2270 Drosera whittakeri (Droseraceae); HUI TE KE MAO GAO CAI;Whittaker Sundew*. Isolated compounds: 6605, 10060.T2271 Dryanobulanops spp. Isolated compounds: 15931.T2272 Drymaria diandra [Syn. Drymaria cordata ssp. diandra](Caryophyllaceae); ER RUI HE LIAN DOU. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, quicken blood andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Jaundice, edema, malaria, fright wind,leg qi due to wind-damp, toxin of sore welling abscess and boils, childgan accumulation, eye screen, outcrop. Isolated compounds: 5353,6609, 9815, 9818, 11773, 14519, 21461.T2273 Drynaria fortunei (Drynariaceae); GU SUI BU; Fortune’s DrynariaRhizome. Equivalent plant: Pseudodrynaria coronans. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and strengthen bones,soothe sinews and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuitylumbago, tinnitus and deafness, tooth mobilizing, wrenching andcontusion from knocks and falls, sinew and bone wound, alopecia

432areata, white patch wind. Isolated compounds: 3040, 9639, 15286,19983, 20369.T2274 Dryobalanops aromatica (Dipterocarpaceae); BING PIAN; Borneol.Used part: resin. TCM Effects: To open orifices and free spirit,dissipate heat and relieve pain, eliminate screen and brighten eyes.TCM Indications: Angina pectoris, phlegm reversal, wind stroke,coma, convulsion, swelling pain in throat, mouth sore, swollen andpainful eyes, sores, ulcer. Isolated compounds: 984, 1853, 2550, 2553,3048, 3241, 3242, 6502, 6610, 6741, 7338, 7338, 9669, 11259, 11260,16050.T2275 Dryobalanops aromatica (Dipterocarpaceae); LONG NAO GAOXIANG; Borneol Oil-Resin. Used part: resin. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and open orifices. TCM Indications: Deafness. Isolatedcompounds: 266, 12158, 12159, 14641, 15930, 15931, 16402.T2276 Dryobalanops oblongifolia (Dipterocarpaceae); JU YUAN YE LONGNAO XIANG; Oblong-leaf Borneol Oil-Resin*. Isolated compounds:6503, 6504.T2277 Dryopteris austriaca (Dryopteridaceae); AO DI LI LIN MAO JUE;Broad Buckler-fern. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To expelworms. TCM Indications: Taeniasis. Isolated compounds: 851, 1895,1897, 15749, 22029, 22032, 22033.T2278 Dryopteris caucasica (Dryopteridaceae); GAO JIA SUO LIN MAOJUE; Caucasian Buckler-fern*. Isolated compounds: 7809.T2279 Dryopteris championii (Dryopteridaceae); MAO GUAN ZHONG;Champion Wood Fern. Used part: dried rhizome. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, calm asthma, stanch bleeding and closesores, expel worms. TCM Indications: Common cold, red eyes withgall, asthma, hematochezia, ulcerating sore toxin, scalds,ancylostomiasis. Isolated compounds: 849, 850, 851, 853, 854, 1895,22032, 22033.T2280 Dryopteris chrysocoma (Dryopteridaceae); HUANG MAO LIN MAOJUE; Goldencoma Shield Fern. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dispel stasis and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Heat toxin macula, incised wound, postpartum blood qidistending pain, flooding and spotting with vaginal discharge,spontaneous external bleeding, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 7809.T2281 Dryopteris crassirhizoma (Dryopteridaceae); GUAN ZHONG; MaleFern Rhizome. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding, kill worms. TCMIndications: Wind-heat common cold, warm heat macular eruption,blood ejection, hemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, flooding and spotting, blood dysentery, vaginaldischarge, ancylostomiasis, ascariasis, oxyuria disease. Isolatedcompounds: 632, 1895, 1896, 1897, 4214, 4215, 4216, 5244, 6611,7758, 7796, 7797, 7809, 7810, 9635, 9641, 10167, 15286, 16648,20499.T2282 Dryopteris filix-mas (Dryopteridaceae); MIAN MA; Male-fern. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, coolblood and stanch bleeding, expel worms, disinhibit water and disperseedema. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, encephalitis B,epidemic parotitis, measles papules, flooding and spotting, intestinalparasitic disease, edema, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds:1897, 5402, 7798, 7809, 9385.T2283 Dryopteris marginalis (Dryopteridaceae); BIAN BAO LIN MAO JUE;Evergreen Wood Fern. Isolated compounds: 13559.T2284 Dryopteris marginata (Dryopteridaceae); BIAN YUAN LIN MAOJUE; Marginated Buckler-fern*. Isolated compounds: 13559.T2285 Dryopteris pacifica (Dryopteridaceae); TAI PING YANG LIN MAOJUE; Pacific Wood Fern. Isolated compounds: 13559.T2286 Dryopteris sacrosancta (Dryopteridaceae); RI BEN LIN MAO JUE;Brown-margin Wood Fern. Isolated compounds: 13559.T2287 Dryopteris sublaeta (Dryopteridaceae); QIAN LIE LIN MAO JUE;Fortunate Wood Fern. Isolated compounds: 6137, 21721.T2288 Drypetes armoracia (Euphorbiaceae); LA GEN HE GUO MU;Armoracia Drypetes*. Isolated compounds: 6613, 6614.T2289 Drypetes molunduana (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 266,2178, 6615, 6616, 7948.T2290 Duchesnea indica (Rosaceae); SHE MEI; Indian Mockstrawberry.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,cool blood and stanch bleeding, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Febrile diseases, fright epilepsy, common cold,dysentery, jaundice, red eyes, mouth sore, sore pharynx, epidemicparotitis, swollen boil, poisonous snake bite, blood ejection, floodingand spotting, menstrual disorder, burns and scalds, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 6619, 6620, 17696,18916.T2291 Ducrosia anethifolia . Isolated compounds: 4809, 16488.T2292 Duguetia spp. (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T2293 Dumortiera hirsuta (Marchantiaceae); MAO DI QIAN. Used part:thallus. TCM Effects: To clear heat, draw out toxin, engender flesh.TCM Indications: Heat toxin sore and welling abscess, enduring sores,wound, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 4490, 6634, 7085,10540.T2294 Dunnia sinensis (Rubiaceae); XIU QIU QIAN CAO; Chinese Dunnia.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drain fire. Isolatedcompounds: 6639, 6640.T2295 Duranta repens (Verbenaceae); JIA LIAN QIAO; Creeping Skyflower.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relieve pain,interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Malaria, painful wound fromknocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 5916, 5917, 6244, 6903, 6904,10750, 18626, 18917, 19540.T2296 Duranta repens (Verbenaceae); JIA LIAN QIAO YE; CreepingSkyflower Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Stasis swelling from knocks and falls,swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 3834, 8616, 8617, 9230,9922, 13126, 16755, 19582, 21685.T2297 Dysosma aurantiocaulis (Berberidaceae); DUO HUA BA JIAO LIAN;Manyflower Dysosma*. Isolated compounds: 17337, 17341.T2298 Dysosma difformis (Berberidaceae); XIAO BA JIAO LIAN; DwarfMany-flowered May-apple. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects:To transform phlegm and dissipate binds, dispel stasis and relieve pain,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat,swollen welling abscess, clove sore, pneumonia, parotitis, poisonoussnake bite, scrofula, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 5074, 5093,17592.T2299 Dysosma furfuracea (Berberidaceae); BI LIN BA JIAO LIAN;

433Furfuraceous Many-flowered May-apple*. Isolated compounds: 5074,5093, 17592.T2300 Dysosma guangxiensis (Berberidaceae); GUANG XI BA JIAO LIAN;Guangxi Many-flowered May-apple*. Isolated compounds: 5074,5093, 17592.T2301 Dysosma majorensis [Syn. Podophyllum majorense; Dysosmalichuanensis] (Berberidaceae); BAI BA JIAO LIAN; White Dysosma*.Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To enrich yin andsupplement kidney, clear lung and moisten dryness, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Taxation damage and sinew bonepain, impotence, stomachache, innominate toxin swelling, knifewound. Isolated compounds: 5074, 5093, 17337, 17341, 17592,17594.T2302 Dysosma pleiantha [Syn. Podophyllum pleianthum] (Berberidaceae);LIU JIAO LIAN; Sixangular Dysosma. Equivalent plant: Dysosmaveitchii, Dysosma versipellis. Used part: rhizome and root. TCMEffects: To transform phlegm and dissipate binds, dispel stasis andrelieve pain, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Cough,swelling pain in throat, scrofula, goiter and tuberculosis, swollenwelling abscess, clove sore, poisonous snake bite, knocks and falls,pain in joints. Isolated compounds: 1372, 1935, 4962, 5070, 5074,5093, 11592, 17337, 17341, 17592, 17594.T2303 Dysosma subrosea (Berberidaceae); CHONG MING BA JIAO LIAN;Chongming Many-flowered May-apple*. Isolated compounds: 5074,5093, 17592.T2304 Dysosma veitchii (Berberidaceae); CHUAN BA JIAO LIAN; VeitchDysosma. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: See Dysosmapleiantha. TCM Indications: See Dysosma pleiantha. Isolatedcompounds: 5074, 5093, 17592, 18317.T2305 Dysosma versipellis [Syn. Podophyllum versipelle] (Berberidaceae);GUI JIU; Common Dysosma. Used part: rhizome and root. TCMEffects: See Dysosma pleiantha. TCM Indications: See Dysosmapleiantha. Isolated compounds: 4962, 5074, 5093, 17592, 17597,17598, 17599.T2306 Dysoxylum acutangulum (Meliaceae); RUI JIAO JIAN MU;Acuteangulus Pencilwood*. Isolated compounds: 9877.T2307 Dysoxylum alliaceum (Meliaceae); CONG JIAN MU; AlliaceousPencilwood*. Isolated compounds: 9877.T2308 Dysoxylum binectariferum (Meliaceae); HONG GUO JIAN MU;Redfruit Pencilwood. Isolated compounds: 6656.T2309 Dysoxylum hainanense (Meliaceae); HAI NAN JIAN MU; HainanPencilwood. Isolated compounds: 235, 276, 6098, 6153, 6154, 6155,7084, 7208, 7670, 21406.T2310 Dysoxylum hongkongense (Meliaceae); XIANG GANG JIAN MU;Hongkong Pencilwood. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To interruptmalaria. TCM Indications: Malaria. Isolated compounds: 7065, 9956,9957, 21684.T2311 Dysoxylum macranthum (Meliaceae); DA HUA JIAN MU; BigflowerPencilwood*. Isolated compounds: 6645, 6646, 6647, 6648, 6649,6650, 6651, 6652, 6653, 6654, 6655.T2312 Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae); MA LA BA JIAN MU; MalabaPencilwood*. Isolated compounds: 162, 7094.ET2313 Ecballium elaterium (Cucurbitaceae); PEN GUA; Squirting Cucumber.Isolated compounds: 4317, 4320, 4323, 4327.T2314 Echinacea purpurea (Asteraceae); ZI HUA SONG GUO JU; PurpleConedaisy. Isolated compounds: 6697.T2315 Echinops giganteus (Asteraceae); JU DA LAN CI TOU; GrandGlobethistle*. Isolated compounds: 9995, 14165.T2316 Echinops grijsii (Asteraceae); HUA DONG LAN CI TOU; East ChinaGlobethistle. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rhaponticumuniflorum. TCM Indications: See Rhaponticum uniflorum. Isolatedcompounds: 2306, 4680, 5404, 7730, 9042, 9486, 9669, 11533, 12843,12891, 13687, 13776, 14630, 18190, 19302, 19303, 19983.T2317 Echinops ritro (Asteraceae); XIN JIANG LAN CI TOU; SinkiangGlobethistle. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rhaponticumuniflorum. TCM Indications: See Rhaponticum uniflorum. Isolatedcompounds: 1110, 1111, 4126, 4680, 6691, 6692, 19983.T2318 Echinosophora koreensis. Isolated compounds: 6690.T2319 Echium plantagineum (Boraginaceae); CHE QIAN YE LAN JI; PurpleViper’s-bugloss. Isolated compounds: 6684.T2320 Echium vulgare (Boraginaceae); LAN JI; Blue Thistle. Isolatedcompounds: 9316, 12925.T2321 Ecklonia kurome (Alariaceae); HEI KUN BU; Tangle Thallus. Usedpart: dried thallus. TCM Effects: See Laminaria japonica. TCMIndications: See Laminaria japonica. Isolated compounds: 2366, 2367,5484, 6700, 17172, 17173, 21836.T2322 Ecklonia stolonifera (Alariaceae); ZONG ZAO; Brown Alga Eckloniastolonifera. Isolated compounds: 5484, 6700, 6701, 17173.Eclipta alba = Eclipta prostrataT2323 Eclipta prostrata [Syn. Eclipta alba] (Asteraceae); MO HAN LIAN;Yerbadetajo. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To supplement liverand kidney, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Toothmobilizing, premature graying in beard and hair, dizziness and tinnitus,limp aching lumbus and knees, yin vacuity blood heat, hemoptysis,blood ejection, duodenal bleeding, nosebleed(epistaxis), hematuria,blood dysentery, flooding and spotting, bleeding due to external injury,eczema of skin, bleeding of skin, snake bite. Isolated compounds:2775, 2776, 2784, 3558, 5101, 5102, 6702, 6703, 6704, 6705, 6706,6707, 9369, 11374, 15527, 21018, 21019, 21020.T2324 Egletes viscosa NIAN XING AI LEI JU. Isolated compounds: 20978.T2325 Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae); SHUI HU LU; CommonWaterhyacinth. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: Toresolve toxin and eliminate damp, dispel wind-heat. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, edema, heat strangury, urethral stone, windpapules, damp sore, swollen boil. Isolated compounds: 5020, 9621,17127.T2326 Elaeagnus angustifolia (Elaeagnaceae); SHA ZAO; Russianolive.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To nourish liver and boost kidney,fortify spleen and regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Livervacuity dim vision, kidney vacuity lumbago, spleen vacuity diarrhea,indigestion, vaginal discharge, menstrual disorder. Isolated compounds:2843, 2977, 3308, 6853, 9234, 9235, 9236, 15363, 16050.T2327 Elaeagnus angustifolia (Elaeagnaceae); SHA ZAO SHU PI;

434Russianolive Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat andrelieve cough, disinhibit damp and relieve pain, resolve toxin, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Chronic trachitis, stomachache, enteritis,acute nephritis, chronic nephritis, icterohepatitis, vaginal discharge,burns and scalds, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:5625, 6736, 14747, 14751, 21071.T2328 Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae); YOU ZONG; Oilpalm. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Swelling pain due to stasis accumulation. Isolated compounds: 3208,12569, 16561.T2329 Elaeocarpus mastersii (Elaeocarpaceae); MA SI TE SI DU YING;Masters Elaeocarpus. Isolated compounds: 6346, 14342.T2330 Elaeocarpus parvifolius (Elaeocarpaceae); XIAO YE DU YING;Small-leaf Elaeocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 14340, 14341, 14342,14346.T2331 Elephantopus carolinianus (Asteraceae); KA LUO LAI NA DI DANCAO; Carolina Elephantfoot*. Isolated compounds: 5168.T2332 Elephantopus elatus (Asteraceae); GAO DI DAN CAO; HighElephantfoot*. Isolated compounds: 6750, 6751.T2333 Elephantopus mollis (Asteraceae); ROU MAO DI DAN CAO;Hawaiian Elephantfoot. Isolated compounds: 14896, 14897, 17042.T2334 Elephantopus scaber (Asteraceae); KU DI DAN; ScabrousElephantfoot. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, coolblood, resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Common cold,pertussis, tonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis, conjunctivitis, jaundice,nephritis with edema, menstrual disorder, vaginal discharge, sore andboil, eczema, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 5168, 6918,13098, 13100, 20369.T2335 Elephantus nudatus (Asteraceae); LUO DI DAN CAO; NodeElephantfoot*. Isolated compounds: 15857.T2336 Elephas maximus (Elephantidae); XIANG DAN; Elephant Gall. Usedpart: gall. TCM Effects: To clear liver and brighten eyes, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Eye screen, ganaccumulation, bad breath, swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 350.T2337 Elephas maximus (Elephantidae); XIANG GU; Elephant Bone. Usedpart: bone. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and engender flesh. TCMIndications: Stomach heat vomiting, diarrhea with pus blood, ulcer oflower limb. Isolated compounds: 10660.T2338 Elephas maximus (Elephantidae); XIANG ROU; Elephant Meat. Usedpart: meat. TCM Indications: Bald sores. Isolated compounds: 4221.T2339 Eleutherine americana (Iridaceae); XIAO HONG SUAN; AmericanEleutherine. Isolated compounds: 6752, 6753.Eleutherococcus giraldii = Acanthopanax giraldiiEleutherococcus senticosus = Acanthopanax senticosusT2340 Elsholtzia bodinieri (Lamiaceae); FENG WEI CHA. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To dissipate exopathogen, rectify qi andharmonize stomach. TCM Indications: Common cold, red swollen inthroat, red eyes with gall, stomatitis, toothache, hepatitis, indigestion.Isolated compounds: 2526.T2341 Elsholtzia ciliata (Lamiaceae); BAN BIAN SU; Common Elsholtzia.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweat and resolvesummerheat, transform damp and disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Summer common cold, summerheat stroke, diarrhea, inhibitedurination, edema, eczema, welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 6178,6763, 8312, 10025, 11276, 11754, 14794, 15238, 15239, 15240,21391.T2342 Elsholtzia nipponica (Lamiaceae); RI BEN XIANG RU; JapaneseElsholtzia*. Isolated compounds: 17089.T2343 Elsholtzia splendens (Lamiaceae); XIANG RU; Haichow Elsholtzia.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To effuse sweat and eliminatesummerheat, move water and dissipate damp, warm stomach andregulate center. TCM Indications: Fever, aversion of cold, headache,absence of sweating, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, edemaand inhibited urination, beriberi. Isolated compounds: 6764, 21391.T2344 Embelia barbeyana (Myrsinaceae); BA BEI SUAN TENG ZI. Isolatedcompounds: 6767.T2345 Embelia kilimandscharica (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 6767.T2346 Embelia oblongifolia (Myrsinaceae); MA GUI HUA; ManynerveEmbelia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To expel worms, checkdiarrhea. TCM Indications: Taeniasis, diarrhea. Isolated compounds:6767.T2347 Embelia parviflora (Myrsinaceae); XIAO HUA SUAN TENG ZI;Smallflower Embelia. Used part: root or vine. TCM Effects: Tosupplement blood, quicken blood, strengthen lumbus and knees. TCMIndications: Blood vaculty, menstrual disorder, amenorrhea,postpartum vacuity weakness, aching in lumbus and legs, fracture dueto knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 13687, 20168.T2348 Embelia ribes (Myrsinaceae); XIAN SUAN QIANG; WhiteflowerEmbelia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and regulatemenstruation, clear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, dysentery, diarrhea,child head sore, itchy skin, knocks and falls, bleeding due to externalinjury, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 6767, 22478.T2349 Embelia robusta (Myrsinaceae); CU ZHUANG SUAN TENG ZI;Robost Embelia*. Isolated compounds: 6767.T2350 Embelia schimperi (Myrsinaceae); KEN NI YA XIAN SUAN QIANG;Kenya Embelia*. Isolated compounds: 6768, 19466.T2351 Embelia tsjersium-cottam (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 6767.T2352 Emericella purpurea (Trichocomaceae); ZI LUO KE BAO. Isolatedcompounds: 6773, 6774, 6775.T2353 Emericella unguis (Trichocomaceae). Isolated compounds: 9084.T2354 Emericella variecolor (Trichocomaceae); BIAN SE HE KE BAO.Isolated compounds: 7660, 11410.T2355 Emerita analoga. Isolated compounds: 19431.T2356 Emilia coccinea (Asteraceae); FEI YI DIAN HONG; RedTasselflower*. Isolated compounds: 11807.T2357 Emilia sonchifolia (Asteraceae); YI DIAN HONG; SowthistleTasselflower. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Infection of upper respiratory tract, oral ulcer, pneumonia,mastitis, enteritis, bacillary dysentery, urinary tract infection, swollenwelling abscess, sore and boil, eczema, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 11807, 19731, 19901.T2358 Enantia polycarpa DUO GUO YI NAN MU. Isolated compounds:4100, 4101.T2359 Endarachne binghamiae (Scytosiphonaceae); E CHANG CAI;

435Goose-bowel Vegatable*. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve phlegm, soften hardness and dissipate binds. TCMIndications: Thyroid enlargement, lymphrnoditis, tuberculosis.Isolated compounds: 14229.T2360 Engelhardia roxburghiana (Juglandaceae); HUANG QI II; Roxburgh Engelhardtia Root. Isolated compounds: 6801, 6836, 10186,10460, 10747, 13873, 13978, 13979, 15137, 16050, 18588, 19983.T2361 Enhydra fluctuans (Asteraceae); ZHAO JU; Common Enhydra.Isolated compounds: 6802.T2362 Enkianthus nudipes (Ericaceae). Isolated compounds: 15864.T2363 Entada phaseoloides [Syn. Lens phaseoloides] (Fabaceae); KE TENGZI; Climbing Entada Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To move qiand relieve pain, disinhibit damp and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Hematochezia, blood dysentery, jaundice, prolapse ofrectum, hemorrhoids, throat impediment. Isolated compounds: 6811,17050.T2364 Entandrophragma cylindricum. Isolated compounds: 19315.T2365 Enteromorpha clathrata (Ulvaceae); TIAO HU TAI. Used part: frond.TCM Effects: To soften hardness and dissipate binds, transformphlegm and disperse accumulation, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Goiter and carcinoma of neck, scrofula, swollenwelling abscess, sore and boil, food accumulation, worm accumulation,distention and oppression in stomach duct and abdomen,nosebleed(epistaxis). Isolated compounds: 9384.T2366 Ephedra distachya (Ephedraceae); SHUANG SUI MA HUANG;Jointfir Ephedra. Isolated compounds: 6815, 6816, 14395, 15745,15789, 18024.T2367 Ephedra equisetina (Ephedraceae); MU ZEI MA HUANG; MongolianEphedra. Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: See Ephedrasinica. TCM Indications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolated compounds:3633, 3695, 3766, 4135, 5763, 6815, 6816, 9818, 13419, 14395,14629, 14701, 15745, 15789, 16285, 18024.T2368 Ephedra gerardiana (Ephedraceae); SHAN LING MA HUANG;Gerard Ephedra. Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: SeeEphedra sinica. TCM Indications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolatedcompounds: 6815, 6816, 14395, 14701, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2369 Ephedra intermedia (Ephedraceae); ZHONG MA HUANG;Intermediate Ephedra. Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: SeeEphedra sinica. TCM Indications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolatedcompounds: 6815, 6815, 6816, 14395, 14701, 15660, 15665, 15745,15789, 18024.T2370 Ephedra intermedia var. tibetica (Ephedraceae); XI ZANG ZHONGMA HUANG; Tibet Intermediate Ephedra. Isolated compounds: 6815,14395, 14701, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2371 Ephedra lepidosperma (Ephedraceae); BAN ZI MA HUANG;Scalyseed Ephedra. Isolated compounds: 6815, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2372 Ephedra likiangensis (Ephedraceae); LI JIANG MA HUANG; LikiangEphedra. Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: See Ephedrasinica. TCM Indications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolated compounds:6815, 14395, 14701, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2373 Ephedra minuta (Ephedraceae); AI MA HUANG; Small Ephedra.Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: See Ephedra sinica. TCMIndications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolated compounds: 6816.T2374 Ephedra minuta var. dioeca (Ephedraceae); YI ZHU AI MA HUANG;Dioecious Small Ephedra. Isolated compounds: 6815, 14395, 14701,15745, 15789, 18024.T2375 Ephedra monosperma (Ephedraceae); DAN ZI MA HUANG; OneseedEphedra. Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: See Ephedrasinica. TCM Indications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolated compounds:6815, 14395, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2376 Ephedra procera (Ephedraceae); SHU ZHUANG MA HUANG; TallEphedra. Isolated compounds: 6815, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2377 Ephedra przewalskii (Ephedraceae); MO GUO MA HUANG;Przewalsk Ephedra. Isolated compounds: 6815, 14395, 15745, 15789,18024.T2378 Ephedra regeliana (Ephedraceae); XI ZI MA HUANG; Regel Ephedra.Isolated compounds: 6815, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2379 Ephedra saxatilis (Ephedraceae); ZANG MA HUANG; Cliff Ephedra.Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCM Effects: See Ephedra sinica. TCMIndications: See Ephedra sinica. Isolated compounds: 6815, 14395,14701, 15745, 15789, 18024.T2380 Ephedra sinica (Ephedraceae); MA HUANG; Chinese Ephedra.Equivalent plant: Ephedra equisetina, Ephedra intermedia, Ephedraminuta, Ephedra monosperma, Ephedra likiangensis, Ephedrasaxatilis, Ephedra gerardiana. Used part: herbaceous twigs. TCMEffects: To effuse sweat and resolve exterior, diffuse lung and calmasthma, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications:Wind-cold exterior repletion syndrome, headache without sweating,headache and generalized pain, cough, fever, fever and aversion towind, absence of sweating, congesting lung, non-diffusion of lung qi,cough and asthma, bronchial asthma, wind water edema, nasalcongestion, allergic rhinitis, inhibited urination, wind-dampimpediment pain, muscle numbness, wind papule itching, yin flatabscess and phlegm node. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1498, 3633,6396, 6815, 6816, 8744, 9421, 12020, 12082, 12717, 13543, 13947,14395, 14701, 15146, 15745, 15789, 17083, 18024, 20993, 20994,20995, 21541, 21950, 21973.T2381 Ephedra sinica (Ephedraceae); MA HUANG GEN; Chinese EphedraRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To check sweating. TCMIndications: Spontaneous sweating and night sweating. Isolatedcompounds: 6822, 13400, 13401, 13402.T2382 Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae). Isolated compounds: 6813, 6814, 15789.T2383 Ephedra tweediana (Ephedraceae). Isolated compounds: 6815, 15745,15789, 18024.T2384 Epicauta gorhami (Meloidae); GE SHANG TING CHANG; BeanBlister Beetle. Used part: body. TCM Effects: To expel stasis andbreak accumulation. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, concretion andconglomeration, accumulation-gathering, fistula. Isolated compounds:3094.T2385 Epicoccum sp. Isolated compounds: 258, 8012, 10376, 10377, 10495,21808.T2386 Epigynum auritum (Apocynaceae); SI MAO TENG; LongearedEpigynum. Used part: root cortex and bark. TCM Effects: Tostrengthen sinews and lumbus. Isolated compounds: 6925.T2387 Epilobium hirsutum (Onagraceae); SHUI JIE GU DAN; HairyWillowweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and

436resolve toxin, disinhibit damp and check diarrhea, disperse food andrectify qi, quicken blood and joint bones. TCM Indications:Damp-heat dysentery, food accumulation, distending pain in stomachduct, toothache, menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, vaginal discharge,fracture due to knocks and falls, swelling of sores, scalds, scab sore.Isolated compounds: 8095, 13937.T2388 Epilobium sp. (Onagraceae). Isolated compounds: 16836.T2389 Epimedium acuminatum (Berberidaceae); CU MAO YIN YANG HUO;Acuminatum Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 593, 1273, 1275, 2139, 5257, 6492,6493, 6961, 10963, 21589.T2390 Epimedium brevicornum (Berberidaceae); YIN YANG HUO;Shorthorned Epimedium. Equivalent plant: Epimedium sagittatum,Epimedium wushanense, Epimedium koreanum, Epimedium pubescens,Epimedium acuminatum, Epimedium davidii, Epimediumsutchuenense. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To supplementkidney and invigorate yang, strengthen sinews and bones, dispelwind-damp. TCM Indications: Angina pectoris, chronic bronchitis,neurasthenia, climacteric hypertension, poliomyelitis, impotence andemission, limp wilting sinew and bone, wind-damp impediment pain,hypertonicity and numbness. Isolated compounds: 1275, 2138, 2139,2377, 2601, 5257, 6492, 6959, 6960, 6961, 6962, 6963, 6964, 9363,9486, 10887, 10964, 12018, 12893, 13374, 15410, 20280, 22740,22908, 22909, 22910, 22911, 22912.T2391 Epimedium brevicornum (Berberidaceae); YIN YANG HUO GEN;Shorthorned Epimedium Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tosupplement kidney and invigorate yang, dispel wind and eliminatedamp. TCM Indications: Vacuity strangury, white turbidity, dizziness(for men), vaginal discharge, menstrual disorder, asthma (for women).Isolated compounds: 5257.T2392 Epimedium davidii (Berberidaceae); CHUAN DIAN YIN YANG HUO;David Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1273, 1275, 2138, 2139, 2140,2140, 2141, 2141, 2142, 2143, 2144, 6961.T2393 Epimedium ecalcaratum (Berberidaceae); WU JU YIN YANG HUO;Spurless Barrenwort*. Isolated compounds: 1275.T2394 Epimedium elongatum (Berberidaceae); CHUAN XI YIN YANG HUO;Elongate Barrenwort. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1275.T2395 Epimedium fargesii (Berberidaceae); CHUAN E YIN YANG HUO;Farges Epimedium. Isolated compounds: 1275, 5257, 6492, 6960,6961.T2396 Epimedium grandiflorum (Berberidaceae); DA HUA YIN YANG HUO;Large-flowered Epimedium. Isolated compounds: 1275, 10944, 10955.T2397 Epimedium grandiflorum var. thumbergianum (Berberidaceae); DAHUA YIN YANG HUO BIAN ZHONG; Large-flowered EpimediumVariety. Isolated compounds: 2276.T2398 Epimedium koreanum (Berberidaceae); CHAO XIAN YIN YANGHUO; Korean Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1273, 1275, 2138, 2139, 3480,3551, 6776, 6959, 6960, 6961, 8401, 10602, 10887, 10942, 10964,11439, 12272, 12273, 12274, 12908, 18741, 18742, 21589, 22239.T2399 Epimedium leptorrhizum (Berberidaceae); QIAN LING YIN YANGHUO; Thin-rhizome Epimedium. Isolated compounds: 6961.T2400 Epimedium myrianthum (Berberidaceae); TIAN PING SHAN YINYANG HUO; Tianpingshan Epimedium*. Isolated compounds: 6961.T2401 Epimedium pubescens (Berberidaceae); ROU MAO YIN YANG HUO;Pubescence Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1275, 2138, 2139, 2141, 6960,6961, 10964, 18961.T2402 Epimedium sagittatum (Berberidaceae); JIAN YE YIN YANG HUO;Sagittate Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1275, 2138, 2139, 3435, 6960,6961, 10940, 10941, 10945, 10946, 10947, 10950, 10951, 10952,10954, 10955, 10956, 10964, 12891, 16088, 17085, 18317, 19125,19126, 19127.T2403 Epimedium spp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds: 6960.T2404 Epimedium sutchuenense (Berberidaceae); SI CHUAN YIN YANGHUO; Szechuan Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1275.T2405 Epimedium wanshanense (Berberidaceae); WAN SHAN YIN YANGHUO; Wanshan Epimedium. Isolated compounds: 1273, 1274, 6492,6493, 10963.T2406 Epimedium wushanense (Berberidaceae); WU SHAN YIN YANGHUO; Wushan Epimedium. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeEpimedium brevicornum. TCM Indications: See Epimediumbrevicornum. Isolated compounds: 1273, 1275, 2138, 6960, 6961,10964, 17835, 18961, 22740.Epimeredi indica = Anisomeles indicaT2407 Equisetum arvense (Equisetaceae); WEN JING; Bottle-brush. Usedpart: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, disinhibit urine,brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Spontaneous external bleeding, bloodejection, hemoptysis, hematochezia, flooding and spotting, bleedingdue to external injury, red eyes and eye screen. Isolated compounds:7222, 8120, 8966, 11238, 11642, 12043, 14081, 15527, 15933, 16098,17974, 21538, 21539.T2408 Equisetum hiemale (Equisetaceae); MU ZEI; Common Scouring Rush.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind-heat, eliminatescreen. TCM Indications: Wind-heat red eye, tearing in wind, eyescreen. Isolated compounds: 2316, 2887, 6408, 7768, 8962, 8966,9422, 9815, 9817, 9818, 11238, 11642, 12020, 12042, 12043, 12087,13884, 13885, 14471, 14802, 16574, 18317, 20444, 22336.T2409 Equisetum palustre (Equisetaceae); GU JIE CAO; Marsh Horsetail.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To soothe wind and brighteneyes, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Red eyes andeye screen, tearing in wind, wind-damp pain, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 552, 553, 12043, 12083, 15527, 16573, 18391.T2410 Equisetum pratense (Equisetaceae); CAO WEN JING; MeadawHorsetail. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood,

437disinhibit urine, expel worms. TCM Indications: Atherosclerosis, painof hot urine and inhibited urination, intestinal parasitic disease.Isolated compounds: 12043, 18391.T2411 Equisetum sp. (Equisetaceae). Isolated compounds: 18815.T2412 Equisetum sylvaticum (Equisetaceae); LIN WEN JING; ForestHorsetail. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool blood andstanch bleeding, clear heat and disinhibit urine, dispel wind and relievepain. TCM Indications: Hemoptysis, hematuria, strangury, pain wind,wind-damp pain, epilepsy. Isolated compounds: 11642, 12043, 18392.T2413 Eremocitrus sp. Isolated compounds: 17705.T2414 Eremurus himalaicus (Liliaceae); XI MA DU WEI CAO; HimalayanDesertcandle. Isolated compounds: 9646.T2415 Erica arborea (Ericaceae); OU SHI NAN; Tree Heath. Isolatedcompounds: 16169.T2416 Erica australis (Ericaceae); NAN FANG OU SHI NAN; SpanishHeath. Isolated compounds: 5763, 19912.T2417 Erica cinerea (Ericaceae); HUI SE OU SHI NAN; Bell Heather.Isolated compounds: 11428.T2418 Erica umbellata (Ericaceae); SAN XING OU SHI NAN; UmbelsHeath. Isolated compounds: 16169.T2419 Erica vagans (Ericaceae); YING GUO OU SHI NAN; Cornish Heath.Isolated compounds: 663.T2420 Ericerus pela (Coccidae); CHONG BAI LA; Cera Chinensis Wax.Used part: insect wax. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, engenderflesh, settle pain. TCM Indications: Incised wound and bleeding,hematuria, hematochezia, enduring sores. Isolated compounds: 3434,3436, 3437, 3438, 9372, 9373, 13708, 15937.T2421 Erigeron annuus (Asteraceae); YI NIAN PENG; Annual Fleabane.Used part: root and whole herb. TCM Effects: To disperse food andcheck diarrhea, clear heat and resolve toxin, interrupt malaria. TCMIndications: Indigestion, gastroenteritis, malaria, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 1493, 1494, 1762, 2802, 5888, 5889, 5892, 7096,7256, 7504, 7504, 7505, 7505, 7506, 8335, 8692, 9871, 10109, 10246,13925, 13974, 14048, 16155, 16156, 18271, 21107.T2422 Erigeron breviscapus (Asteraceae); DENG ZHAN XI XIN; ShortscapeFleabane. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold andresolve exterior, dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken networkvessels and relieve pain, disperse accumulation. TCM Indications:Common cold with headache and nasal congestion, wind-dampimpediment pain, paralysis, acute gastritis, child gan accumulation,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1493, 2606, 2919, 3318, 10802,14292, 18254, 19587, 21735.T2423 Erigeron multiradiatus (Asteraceae); DUO SHE FEI PENG;Multiradiate . Isolated compounds: 1495, 2900.T2424 Erigeron philadelphicus (Asteraceae); FEI CHENG FEI PENG;Philadelphia Fleabane. Isolated compounds: 7097, 7255, 7256, 7257,7258, 7504, 17142.T2425 Erigeron sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 6193.T2426 Erigeron sumatrensis (Asteraceae); SU MEN BAI JIU CAO. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To transform phlegm, free network vessels,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Cough and abundant phlegm,wind-damp impediment pain, uterine bleeding. Isolated compounds:1762, 7096, 7256, 7504, 8335, 10246, 13925, 13974, 16155, 16156.T2427 Erinaceus europaeus; Hemiechinus dauuricus; Hemiechinus auritus(Erinaceidae); WEI NAO; Hedgehog Brain. Used part: brain. TCMIndications: Wolf-fistula. Isolated compounds: 653, 9069, 15708.T2428 Erinaceus europaeus; Hemiechinus dauuricus; Hemiechinus auritus(Erinaceidae); WEI XIN GAN; Hedgehog Heart and Liver. Used part:heart and liver. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and cure sores. TCMIndications: Ant-fistula, bee-fistula, scrofula, malign sore. Isolatedcompounds: 653, 15708.T2429 Erinus alpinus. Isolated compounds: 7266.T2430 Eriobotrya deflexa (Rosaceae); TAI WAN PI PA; Taiwan Loquat.Isolated compounds: 1734, 6070, 7657, 10580, 16410, 18695, 18696,21824, 21831.T2431 Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae); PI PA; Loquat. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To moisten lung and precipitate qi, allay thirst. TCMIndications: Lung heat cough asthma, vomiting of sour matter,vexation and thirst. Isolated compounds: 1102, 3048, 7729, 7734,15498, 15500, 17264.T2432 Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae); PI PA HE; Loquat Seed. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and transform phlegm, sootheliver and move qi. TCM Indications: Cough with profuse phlegm,mounting qi, edema, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 1102, 7657, 9717,10518, 10519, 14390.T2433 Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae); PI PA YE; Loquat Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To clear lung and relieve cough, downbearcounterflow and check vomiting. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough,qi counterflow with rapid asthma, stomach heat vomiting, heatvexation and thirst. Isolated compounds: 1102, 2849, 2857, 3771, 6178,6632, 7287, 7288, 7729, 7730, 7734, 7772, 7785, 9522, 9524, 12039,12040, 12853, 14579, 15501, 15502, 15503, 15504, 17376, 17377,18918, 19983, 22270, 22270, 22616, 22617.T2434 Eriocaulon buergerianum (Eriocaulaceae); GU JING CAO; Pipewart.Used part: flower head with peduncle. TCM Effects: To dispel windand dissipate heat, brighten eyes and eliminate eye screens. TCMIndications: Distended red eyes and screen, delacrimation andphotophobia, night blindness, headache, deep-source nasal congestion,throat impediment, toothache, wind papule itching. Isolatedcompounds: 9565, 14362.T2435 Eriocheir sinensis (Grapsidae); XIE KE; Mitten Crab Chelae. Usedpart: shell. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Bloodamassment yellowing, blood stasis, flooding and spotting, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, galloping gan of teeth and gum,poisonous insect stings. Isolated compounds: 402.T2436 Eriosema kraussianum (Fabaceae); NAN FEI JI TOU SHU;South-African Eriosema*. Isolated compounds: 12291, 12292, 12293,12294, 12295.T2437 Eriosorus flexuosus. Isolated compounds: 18154.T2438 Erodium stephanianum (Geraniaceae); MANG NIU ER MIAO;Common Heron’s Bill. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeGeranium wilfordii. TCM Indications: See Geranium wilfordii.Isolated compounds: 8312, 18317.T2439 Eruca sativa (Brassicaceae); ZHI MA CAI; Roquette. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To precipitate qi and move water, dispel phlegm and

438settle asthma. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma with abundantphlegm, edema, ascites. Isolated compounds: 8595, 18394, 18397,18404.T2440 Ervatamia coronaria (Apocynaceae); GUAN ZHUANG GOU YAHUA; Coronary Ervatamia*. Isolated compounds: 4080.T2441 Ervatamia dichotoma (Apocynaceae); ER QI GOU YA HUA;Dichotomous Ervatamia*. Isolated compounds: 4080.T2442 Ervatamia divaricata (Apocynaceae); DAN BAN GOU YA HUA;Divaricate Ervatamia. Used part: root, leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand lower blood pressure, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Hypertension, swelling pain in throat, sore toxin ofwelling abscess and flat abscess, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:4080, 7292, 7293.T2443 Ervatamia hainanensis (Apocynaceae); HAI NAN GOU YA HUA;Heyne Ervatamia*. Isolated compounds: 22602.T2444 Ervatamia heyneana (Apocynaceae); HAI SHI GOU YA HUA;Medicinal Ervatamia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andlower blood pressure, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Hypertension, swelling pain in throat, abdominal pain.Isolated compounds: 13864.T2445 Ervatamia officinalis (Apocynaceae); YAO YONG GOU YA HUA;Officinal Ervatamia*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat,lower blood pressure, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, hypertension, abdominal pain.Isolated compounds: 6885, 6893.T2446 Ervatamia orientalis (Apocynaceae); DONG FANG GOU YA HUA;Oriental Ervatamia*. Isolated compounds: 20575.T2447 Erycibe elliptilimba (Convolvulaceae); AO MAI DING GONG TENG;Elliptical Erycibe. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve pain. Isolated compounds: 7299.T2448 Erycibe expansa (Convolvulaceae); GUANG BU DING GONG TENG;Expanse Erycibe*. Isolated compounds: 993, 3004, 5235, 5834, 6290,7300, 7301, 7302, 8278, 10007, 10009, 13281, 13638, 14638, 16209,18103, 21918, 22667.T2449 Erycibe obtusifolia (Convolvulaceae); DING GONG TENG;Obtuseleaf Erycibe. Equivalent plant: Erycibe schmidtii. Used part:rattan. TCM Effects: To expel wind and eliminate damp, disperseswelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, hemiplegia, painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 7298, 19542, 19545.T2450 Erycibe schmidtii (Convolvulaceae); GUANG YE DING GONGTENG; Glabrousleaf Erycibe. Used part: rattan. TCM Effects: SeeErycibe obtusifolia. TCM Indications: See Erycibe obtusifolia.Isolated compounds: 3551, 9486, 19542, 19545.T2451 Eryngium campestre TIAN YE CI QIN. Isolated compounds: 8724,8725.T2452 Erysimum cheiranthoides (Brassicaceae); GUI ZHU TANG JIE;Treacle Erysimum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To strengthenheart and disinhibit urine, harmonize stomach and disperse food. TCMIndications: Cardiac failure, palpitation, edema, spleen-stomachdisharmony, non-digestion of food accumulation. Isolated compounds:956, 3495, 3496, 3497, 4036, 7296, 7297, 7303, 7320, 7321, 9335,9336, 20397.T2453 Erysimum crepidifolium (Brassicaceae); HUAN YANG SHEN YETANG JIE; Crepinleaf Erysimum*. Isolated compounds: 7303, 9335.T2454 Erysimum diffusum (Brassicaceae); TANG JIE; Diffuse Erysimum.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To constrain lung and relieve cough.TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation cough. Isolated compounds: 7320,9335.T2455 Erysimum ochroleucum (Brassicaceae); HUANG BAI TANG JIE;Yellowish Erysimum*. Isolated compounds: 9335.T2456 Erysimum perofskianum (Brassicaceae); A FU HAN TANG JIE;Afghanistan Erysimum*. Isolated compounds: 7323, 8596.T2457 Erythrina abyssinica (Fabaceae); A BI XI NI YA CI TONG; AbyssiniaCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 3852, 4243, 5146,5833, 7304, 7325, 7329, 9598, 10398, 12751, 17827, 19883, 19885,19886, 19887, 19888.T2458 Erythrina americana (Fabaceae); MEI ZHOU CI TONG; AmericanCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7340, 7341.T2459 Erythrina arborescens (Fabaceae); QIAO MU CI TONG; HimalayanCoralbean. Equivalent plant: Erythrina variegate. Used part: driedbark or root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,soothe sinews and quicken network vessels, kill worms and relieveitch. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, hypertonicity inlimb joints, knocks and falls, scab and lichen, eczema. Isolatedcompounds: 7322, 7325, 7328.T2460 Erythrina berteroana (Fabaceae); BO SHI CI TONG; BerteroCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 17833, 19886.T2461 Erythrina burttii (Fabaceae); KEN NI YA CI TONG; KenyaCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 55, 2770, 2771, 2772, 2773, 2774,14568.T2462 Erythrina caribea (Fabaceae); JIA LE BI CI TONG; CaribbeanCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7324, 7331.T2463 Erythrina crysragalli (Fabaceae); JI GUAN CI TONG; FolkersCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7308.T2464 Erythrina eriotriocha (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 17837.T2465 Erythrina folkersii (Fabaceae); FU KE CI TONG; Folk Coralbean*.Isolated compounds: 7325, 7328.T2466 Erythrina glauca (Fabaceae); HUI CI TONG; Grey Coralbean*.Isolated compounds: 7326, 14206, 19251.Erythrina indica = Erythrina variegataT2467 Erythrina latissima (Fabaceae); JI KUAN CI TONG; Extreme-wideCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 51, 3004, 4243, 4604, 7305, 7306,7307, 8278, 15342, 17048.T2468 Erythrina lithosperma (Fabaceae); YING HE CI TONG; HardhilumCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7325.T2469 Erythrina lysistemon (Fabaceae); AI JI ZAI PEI CI TONG; EgyptCultivate Coralbean*. Isolated compounds: 11415, 11711, 13265.T2470 Erythrina melanacantha (Fabaceae); HEI CI CI TONG; BlackstickCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7324, 7331.T2471 Erythrina poeppigiana (Fabaceae); SHAN DI CI TONG; MountainImmortelle. Isolated compounds: 2771, 2772, 4243, 7309, 7310, 7311,7312, 7313, 7314, 7315, 7316.T2472 Erythrina sacleuxii (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 5586, 19108.T2473 Erythrina salviiflora (Fabaceae); SHU WEI CAO HUA CI TONG;Salviaflower Coralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7325, 7328.

439T2474 Erythrina senegalensis (Fabaceae); SAI NEI JIA ER CI TONG;Senegal Coralbean*. Isolated compounds: 5544, 7318, 7319, 17837,22637.T2475 Erythrina sigmoidea (Fabaceae); AI SI XING CI TONG; S-shapeCoralbean*. Isolated compounds: 19883, 19885, 19887, 19888.T2476 Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 17047.T2477 Erythrina suberosa (Fabaceae); SHUAN ZHUANG CI TONG;Suberose Coralbean*. Isolated compounds: 7327.T2478 Erythrina variegata [Syn. Erythrina indica] (Fabaceae); CI TONG;Coral-tree. Used part: dried bark or root cortex. TCM Effects: SeeErythrina arborescens. TCM Indications: See Erythrina arborescens.Isolated compounds: 993, 5849, 5850, 5971, 6313, 7317, 7325, 7328,7332, 7350, 7351, 7352, 7353, 11015, 11016, 16249, 17832, 21716,22667.T2479 Erythrina variegata var. orientalis (Fabaceae); HAI TONG PI;Oriental Variegated Coralbean Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Todispel wind-damp, move qi, disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment, pain in lumbus and knees, scabsore, lichen, eczema. Isolated compounds: 7330.T2480 Erythrina vogelii (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1956, 2014, 3217,5544, 6496, 17823, 17837, 22603, 22604, 22605, 22637.T2481 Erythrina zeyheri (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 7354, 7355, 7356,7357, 7358.T2482 Erythrophleum africanum (Fabaceae); FEI ZHOU GE MU; AfricanErythrophleum. Isolated compounds: 7342.T2483 Erythrophleum chlorostachyum (Fabaceae); LU SUI GE MU;Greenspike Erythrophleum*. Isolated compounds: 265, 15746.T2484 Erythrophleum couminga (Fabaceae); KAO MING GE MU; CoumingaErythrophleum*. Isolated compounds: 4191, 4192, 7342, 7343.T2485 Erythrophleum guineense (Fabaceae); JI NEI YA GE MU; Red-waterTree. Isolated compounds: 3277, 3278, 7342, 7343, 7344.T2486 Erythrophleum ivorense (Fabaceae); XIANG YA HAI AN GE MU;Ivory Coast Erythrophleum. Isolated compounds: 3277, 3278, 7342,7343.T2487 Erythrophleum suaveolens (Fabaceae); YE XIANG GE MU; FragrantErythrophleum. Isolated compounds: 3277, 7342, 7343.T2488 Erythroxylon alaternifolium (Erythroxylaceae). Isolated compounds:5385.T2489 Erythroxylon rotundifolium (Erythroxylaceae); YUAN XING YE GUKE; Roundleaf Coca Shrub*. Isolated compounds: 21903.T2490 Erythroxylum cambodianum (Erythroxylaceae); JIAN PU ZHAI GUKE; Cambodia Coca Shrub*. Isolated compounds: 3308, 3771, 6853,7345, 7346, 13644, 19087.T2491 Erythroxylum coca (Erythroxylaceae); GU KE; Coca Shrub. Isolatedcompounds: 3695, 3860, 4417, 6683, 8311.T2492 Erythroxylum novogranatense (Erythroxylaceae); BI LU GU KE; PeruCoca Shrub. Isolated compounds: 3860, 22321.T2493 Erythroxylum zeylanicum (Erythroxylaceae); XI LAN GU KE; CeylonCoca Shrub*. Isolated compounds: 142, 3718, 7347, 7348, 7349,21896.T2494 Escallonia sp. (Saxifragaceae). Isolated compounds: 1892, 3600, 8081.T2495 Eschscholzia californica (Papaveraceae); HUA LING CAO; CaliforniaPoppy. Used part: flower, fruit. TCM Effects: To settle pain, clear heat.Isolated compounds: 1358, 5708, 11665, 18386.T2496 Eschscholzia lobbii (Papaveraceae); LUO BO HUA LING CAO; LobbPoppy*. Isolated compounds: 4106.T2497 Eschscholzia spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2498 Esenbeckia yaaxhokob. Isolated compounds: 7829, 8314, 20137.T2499 Eskemukerjea megacarpum (Polygonaceae); Bhote Khair. Isolatedcompounds: 21155, 21850.T2500 Eucalyptus apodophylla (Myrtaceae); WU BING YE AN; Non-stipeEucalyptus*. Isolated compounds: 1531, 11745.T2501 Eucalyptus berghei (Myrtaceae); BO SHI AN; Berghe Eucalyptus*.Isolated compounds: 18867.T2502 Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtaceae); CHI AN; LongbeakEucalyptus. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To disperse accumulationand gan. TCM Indications: Child gan accumulation. Isolatedcompounds: 19087.T2503 Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. obtusa (Myrtaceae); DUN XING CHIAN YE; Obtuse Eucalyptus Leaf*. Isolated compounds: 21789.T2504 Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. pendula (Myrtaceae); CHUI ZHI CHIAN YE; Pendulous Eucalyptus Leaf. Isolated compounds: 3023.T2505 Eucalyptus citriodora (Myrtaceae); NING MENG AN YE; LemonEucalyptus Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind andeliminate damp, fortify stomach and relieve pain, resolve toxin andrelieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, wind-dampbone pain, qi stagnation stomachache, food accumulation, sanddistention and vomiting diarrhea, dysentery, asthma, malaria, sore andboil, wind papules, eczema, intractable lichen, burns and scalds.Isolated compounds: 1766, 1767, 3296, 3767, 3768, 6757, 7480, 8202,8784, 11638, 18421, 18682.T2506 Eucalyptus cladocalyx (Myrtaceae); ZHI ZHUANG E AN. Isolatedcompounds: 3784, 7911, 15813.T2507 Eucalyptus cypellocarpa (Myrtaceae). Isolated compounds: 4570,4571, 4572.T2508 Eucalyptus dives (Myrtaceae); FU AN; Dives Eucalyptus*. Isolatedcompounds: 17456.T2509 Eucalyptus globoidea (Myrtaceae). Isolated compounds: 8554.T2510 Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae); AN YE; Eucalyptus Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To soothe wind and resolve exterior, clear heat andresolve toxin, rectify qi and transform phlegm, kill worms and relieveitch. TCM Indications: Common cold, ardent fever with headache,lung heat cough asthma, pertussis, diarrhea, dysentery,ancylostomiasis, filariasis, wind-damp pain, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and sore, eczema, scab and lichen, burns and scalds, bleedingdue to external injury. Isolated compounds: 440, 441, 4354, 7480,7481, 7527, 7528, 7529, 7530, 7531, 7532, 9021, 9044, 9620, 13315,14337, 14338, 14339, 14343, 17402.T2511 Eucalyptus grandis (Myrtaceae); JU AN; Toolur. Isolated compounds:5763, 8307.T2512 Eucalyptus hemiphloia (Myrtaceae); BAN PI AN; HemihullEucalyptus*. Isolated compounds: 7512.T2513 Eucalyptus kino (Myrtaceae). Isolated compounds: 17174.T2514 Eucalyptus maculata (Myrtaceae); BAN WEN AN; Spotted Gum.Isolated compounds: 4135.T2515 Eucalyptus phellandra (Myrtaceae); SHUI HUI XIANG AN;

440Phellandral Eucalyptus*. Isolated compounds: 17055.T2516 Eucalyptus populnea (Myrtaceae); YANG YE AN; Bimble Box.Isolated compounds: 18410.T2517 Eucalyptus robusta (Myrtaceae); DA YE AN YE; Swamp MahoganyLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To soothe wind and resolveexterior, relieve cough and dispel phlegm, clear heat and resolve toxin,kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Common cold, ardentfever with headache, lung heat cough asthma, abdominal pain anddiarrhea, malaria, wind-damp impediment pain, filariasis, leptospirosis,swelling pain in throat, red eyes, eye screen, welling abscess of ear,erysipelas, swollen welling abscess, mammary welling abscess,measles papules, wind papules, eczema, scab and lichen, scalds.Isolated compounds: 7481, 8095, 18862, 18863, 18867, 18868.T2518 Eucalyptus rostrata (Myrtaceae); CHANG HUI AN; Long-rostrateEucalyptus*. Isolated compounds: 18323, 18361.T2519 Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae). Isolated compounds: 1951, 7482, 17283.T2520 Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae). Isolated compounds: 17054, 17454.T2521 Eucalyptus tereticornis (Myrtaceae); XI YE AN YE; Forest Gray GumLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To diffuse lung and effuse exterior,rectify qi and quicken blood, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Common cold, cough, qi distention abdominal pain,diarrhea and dysentery, leptospirosis, knocks and falls, sores,erysipelas, mammary welling abscess, scab sore, lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 4354.T2522 Eucalyptus viminalis (Myrtaceae); DUO ZHI AN; Ribbon Gum.Isolated compounds: 3301, 3303, 20910.T2523 Eucalyptus wandoo (Myrtaceae); WO SHI AN; Wandoo Eucalyptus*.Isolated compounds: 18643.T2524 Eucharis amazonica (Amaryllidaceae); YA MA XUN BAI HE;Amazon lily. Isolated compounds: 1532, 14049, 14687.T2525 Eucheuma muricatum (Solieriaceae); QI LIN CAI; MuriculateEucheuma Frond. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisperse phlegm. TCM Indications: Phlegm-heat cough, scrofula,goiter and tuberculosis, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 1268.T2526 Euchresta formosana (Fabaceae); TAI WAN SHAN DOU GEN;Taiwan Euchresta. Isolated compounds: 7486, 7889, 7890, 7891, 7892.T2527 Euchresta japonica (Fabaceae); SAN XIAU YE SHAN DOU GEN;Trifoliate Euchresta. Isolated compounds: 6496, 20096, 22637.T2528 Euchresta spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16249.T2529 Euchresta strigillosa (Fabaceae); FU MAO SHAN DOU GEN; HirsuteEuchresta*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relievepain, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Stomachache,enteritis and diarrhea, abdominal distention, abdominal pain, swellingpain in throat. Isolated compounds: 16249, 20096.T2530 Eucommia ulmoides (Eucommiaceae); DU ZHONG; Eucommia. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To lower blood pressure, supplement liverand kidney, strengthen sinews and bones, quiet fetus. TCM Indications:Hypertension, kidney vacuity lumbago, weakness in sinews and bones,stirring fetus in pregnancy. Isolated compounds: 85, 816, 2004, 2887,3551, 3776, 3981, 4521, 4904, 5173, 5802, 5803, 6632, 7000, 7487,7488, 7489, 7490, 8273, 8276, 8277, 9022, 9028, 9284, 10493, 10653,10654, 10655, 11523, 12020, 12238, 12916, 13640, 13641, 14224,15660, 16088, 16089, 16090, 16091, 17409, 17412, 17415, 18628,19983, 20569, 20573, 20715, 21541, 22192, 22193, 22270.T2531 Eucommia ulmoides (Eucommiaceae); DU ZHONG YE; EucommiaLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To supplement liver and kidney,strengthen sinews and bones, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications:Lumbar and back pain, limp aching inability of legs and knees,hypertension. Isolated compounds: 2004, 3551, 8277, 9953, 18317,18628.Eugenia caryophyllata = Syzygium aromaticumT2532 Eugenia edulis (Myrtaceae); KE SHI FAN YING TAO; EdibleEugenia*. Isolated compounds: 8960, 8961, 15186.T2533 Eugenia jambolana [Syn. Syzygium cumin; Myrtus cumini](Myrtaceae); WU MO. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin,kill worms, relieve itch. TCM Indications: Dysentery, swelling ofsores, eczema titillation. Isolated compounds: 13626, 13628, 15172.T2534 Eugenia sandwicensis (Myrtaceae); SAN WEI ZHI FAN YINGTAO; Sandwich Eugenia*. Isolated compounds: 4151, 4179, 4180,8095.T2535 Euglena gracilis (Euglenaceae); XI XIAO LUO ZAO. Isolatedcompounds: 21046.T2536 Euonymus alatus (Celastraceae); GUI JIAN YU; Winged Euonymus.Used part: winged branchlet. TCM Effects: To regulate qi and relievepain, break blood and free menstruation, resolve toxin and disperseswelling, kill worms. TCM Indications: Concretion andconglomeration, pain in heart and abdomen, amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnation abdominal pain, retentionof lochia, mounting qi, joint running impediment pain, swelling ofsores, painful wound from knocks and falls, burns and scalds,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 6632, 6918, 7671, 16284,22677.T2537 Euonymus atropurpureus (Celastraceae); ZI GUO WEI MAO; EasternWahoo. Isolated compounds: 6632.T2538 Euonymus bungeanus (Celastraceae); SI MIAN MU; WinterberryEuonymus. Used part: root, bark, fruit, or branchlet-leaf. TCM Effects:To expel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and free networkvessels, resolve toxin and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Rheumaticarthritis, lumbago, wound swelling from knocks and falls,thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease), pulmonary wellingabscess, spontaneous external bleeding, swelling toxin of clove sore.Isolated compounds: 27, 6632.T2539 Euonymus europaeus (Celastraceae); OU ZHOU WEI MAO; EuropeanEuonymus. Isolated compounds: 160, 1738, 2438, 5508.T2540 Euonymus fortunei (Celastraceae); FU FANG TENG; FortureEuonymus. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To boost kidney andstrengthen lumbus, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels, stanchbleeding and disperse stasis. TCM Indications: Aching in lumbus andknees, kidney vacuity, hemiplegia, wind-damp impediment pain, infantfright wind, hemoptysis, flooding, blood ejection, menstrual disorder,prolapse of uterus, fracture due to knocks and falls, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 6632, 7536, 7537, 7538.T2541 Euonymus grandiflorus (Celastraceae); YE DU ZHONG; LargeflowerEuonymus. Used part: root or bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and free menstruation, transform stasisand dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Lumbago, amenorrhea due to

441blood stasis, dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 9568.T2542 Euonymus japonicus (Celastraceae); TIAO JING CAO; EvergreenEuonymus. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andregulate menstruation, dispel wind-damp. TCM Indications: Menstrualdisorder, dysmenorrhea, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolatedcompounds: 6918, 7950, 11754, 12061, 18367.T2543 Euonymus mupinensis (Celastraceae); BAO XING WEI MAO;Paohsing Euonymus. Isolated compounds: 30, 15078, 20355, 22683.T2544 Euonymus nanoides (Celastraceae). Isolated compounds: 2254, 5344,6327, 6328, 14164, 14168, 21031, 21640.T2545 Euonymus phellomana (Celastraceae); SHUAN CHI WEI MAO;Corkywing Euonymus. Used part: bark of branch. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and regulate menstruation, dissipate stasis and relievepain. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder , postpartum abdominalpain due to stasis obstruction, knocks and falls, wind-dampimpediment pain. Isolated compounds: 7536, 7537, 7538.T2546 Euonymus sacrosancta (Asteraceae); MAO YE WEI MAO; SacredSpindle-tree. Used part: branch with wing or root. TCM Effects: Tofree menstruation, disperse swelling, relieve pain, kill worms. TCMIndications: Concretion and conglomeration, chest impediment,amenorrhea, menstrual disorder, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, knocks and falls, swelling pain in joints, abdominalpain due to worm accumulation. Isolated compounds: 10887.T2547 Euonymus sieboldianus (Celastraceae); XI BO SHI WEI MAO; SeiboEuonymus*. Isolated compounds: 7535.T2548 Euonymus verrucosides (Celastraceae); YOU DIAN WEI MAO;Verrucatespot Euonymus. Isolated compounds: 7536, 7537, 7538.T2549 Eupatorium adenophorum (Asteraceae); ZI JING ZE LAN HUA;Purplestem Eupatorium Flower. Isolated compounds: 7589.T2550 Eupatorium altissimum (Asteraceae); GAO ZE LAN; Tall Eupatorium.Isolated compounds: 7591, 18847.T2551 Eupatorium aschenbornianum (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 318,319, 6797, 7382.T2552 Eupatorium ayapana (Asteraceae); A YA PAN ZE LAN; AyapanaEupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 2048, 9452.T2553 Eupatorium azureum (Asteraceae); TIAN LAN ZE LAN; AzureEupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 7950.T2554 Eupatorium cannabinum (Asteraceae); DA MA YE ZE LAN;Hemp-agrimony. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearsummerheat, repel foulness, transform damp. TCM Indications:Summerheat damage, fever and headache, damp evil brew,inappetence due to glomus in stomach duct, bitter taste and slimytongue fur. Isolated compounds: 7557, 7593, 9570, 15515, 15681,18847, 20488.T2555 Eupatorium chinense (Asteraceae); HUA ZE LAN; ChineseEupatorium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, course liver and quicken blood. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, chest and rib-side pain, stomach duct painand abdominal distention, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscessand sore toxin, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2559, 2699, 7539,7540, 7541, 7542, 7543, 7544, 7545, 7546, 7547, 7548, 7549, 7581,9707, 10114, 10767, 14900, 15681, 16971, 16972.T2556 Eupatorium compositifolium (Asteraceae); FU YE ZE LAN;Compositeleaf Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 13235.T2557 Eupatorium cuneifolium (Asteraceae); XIE YE ZE LAN; CuneateleafEupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 7553, 7554, 7555, 7556, 7584,7585.T2558 Eupatorium formosanum (Asteraceae); TAI WAN ZE LAN; TaiwanAgrimony. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Eupatoriumfortunei. TCM Indications: See Eupatorium fortunei. Isolatedcompounds: 7558, 7559, 7586.T2559 Eupatorium fortunei (Asteraceae); PEI LAN; Fortune Eupatorium.Equivalent plant: Eupatorium formosanum. Used part: aerial parts.TCM Effects: To resolve summerheat and transform damp, repelfoulness and harmonize center. TCM Indications: Nausea andvomiting, bad breath, drooling, distended head and oppression in chest,sweet-greasy in mouth, summerheat-damp exterior syndrome. Isolatedcompounds: 149, 153, 186, 219, 289, 4134, 4550, 4975, 5751, 7146,7578, 7587, 7593, 9761, 10581, 11296, 11626, 13803, 13839, 13969,13970, 13973, 14005, 14179, 15512, 15935, 20708, 21361, 21838.T2560 Eupatorium glandulosum (Asteraceae); XIAN ZE LAN; GlandulousEupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 6796.Eupatorium glehni = Eupatorium sachalinenseT2561 Eupatorium gracile (Asteraceae); XI ZE LAN; Gracile Eupatorium*.Isolated compounds: 19791.T2562 Eupatorium hyssopifolium (Asteraceae); SHEN XIANG CAO YE ZELAN; Hyssop-leaved Boneset. Isolated compounds: 7566.T2563 Eupatorium japonicum (Asteraceae); CHENG GAN CAO; JapaneseEupatorium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelsummerheat and effuse exterior, transform damp and harmonize center,rectify qi and quicken blood, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Feverand headache, oppression in chest and abdomen distention, indigestion,gastroenteritis, common cold, cough, pharyngolaryngitis, tonsillitis,menstrual disorder, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess, snakebite. Isolated compounds: 2559, 7621, 15681, 20707, 20708.T2564 Eupatorium lancifolium (Asteraceae); ZHEN YE ZE LAN; LanceleafEupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 7553.T2565 Eupatorium lindleyanum (Asteraceae); CHENG GAN SHENG MA;Lindley Eupatorium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearlung and relieve cough, transform phlegm and calm asthma, lowerblood pressure. TCM Indications: Bronchitis, cough and asthma withabundant phlegm, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 4738, 7539,7542, 7544, 7567, 7568, 7569, 7570, 7571, 7572, 7573, 7574, 7575,7576, 7578, 9291, 10114, 10766, 10887, 18317, 21367, 21380.T2566 Eupatorium mikanioides (Asteraceae); WEI GAN JU ZE LAN;Mikanioid Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 4739.T2567 Eupatorium odoratum (Asteraceae); FEI JI CAO; Fragrant Eupatorium.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, kill worms.TCM Indications: Terrene leech bite. Isolated compounds: 1284, 4140,11691, 15993.T2568 Eupatorium quadrangularae (Asteraceae); SI LENG ZE LAN;Four-arris Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 18293.T2569 Eupatorium rebaudianum (Asteraceae); TIAN YE JU; RebaudEupatorium*. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To engender liquid andallay thirst, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Diabetes mellitus,hypertension. Isolated compounds: 18561, 20341.

442T2570 Eupatorium riparium (Asteraceae); HE AN ZE LAN; RiparianEupatorium, Riverside Eupatorium. Isolated compounds: 7592, 7950.T2571 Eupatorium rotundifolium (Asteraceae); YUAN YE ZE LAN;Roundleaf Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 6913, 7550, 7551, 7552,7579, 7580, 7594, 7595.T2572 Eupatorium rugosum (Asteraceae); ZHOU YE ZE LAN; Mist flower.Isolated compounds: 10775, 21507.T2573 Eupatorium sachalinense [Syn. Eupatorium glehni] (Asteraceae); KUYE DAO ZE LAN; Sachalin Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 181,7560, 7561, 7562, 7563, 7564, 7565, 7581, 7586, 7593, 9570, 9571,9572.T2574 Eupatorium semiserratum (Asteraceae); BAN JU CHI ZHUANG ZELAN; Semiserration Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 4739, 7581,7582, 7583, 7590, 7591.T2575 Eupatorium serotinum (Asteraceae); WAN HUA ZE LAN; Late-flowerBoneset. Isolated compounds: 20488.T2576 Eupatorium stoechadosmum (Asteraceae); DUO XU GONG;Lavender-gustatory Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 20488.T2577 Eupatorium subhastatum (Asteraceae); JIN JI ZE LAN; Halberd-likeEupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 7278, 7556.T2578 Eupatorium tinifolium (Asteraceae); SI MIAN MAO JIA MI YE ZELAN; Tinileaf Eupatorium*. Isolated compounds: 12172.T2579 Eupatorium urticaefolium (Asteraceae); QIAN MA YE ZE LAN;White Snakeroot. Isolated compounds: 4976, 10775, 21507.T2580 Euphorbia antiquorum (Euphorbiaceae); HUO YANG LE; AncientsEuphorbia. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and freestool, draw out toxin and remove putrid, kill worms and relieve itch.TCM Indications: Edema, ascites, diarrhea, dysentery, foodaccumulation, lump glomus, clove sore, welling abscess and flatabscess, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 537, 1113, 1463, 1464,4468, 4472, 4473, 6918, 7611, 7618, 7950, 7996, 11451, 12619,20712.T2581 Euphorbia chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae); MAO GUO DI JIN;Groundfig Spurge. Isolated compounds: 16362.T2582 Euphorbia characias (Euphorbiaceae); DI ZHONG HAI DA JI;Mediterranean Euphorbia; Mediterranean Spurge. Isolated compounds:7596, 7597, 7598, 7599, 7600, 7601, 7602, 7603, 7604, 7605, 7606,7607.T2583 Euphorbia decipiens (Euphorbiaceae); MI HUO DA JI. Isolatedcompounds: 15215, 15216, 15217.T2584 Euphorbia ebracteolata (Euphorbiaceae); YUE XIAN DA JI;Ebracteolate Euphorbia. Equivalent plant: Euphorbia fischeriana.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To break accumulation, kill worms,draw out toxin, eliminate putridity, eliminate damp, relieve itch. TCMIndications: Concretion and conglomeration, scrofula, tuberculosis,welling abscess and flat abscess, flowing phlegm, scab sore,intractable lichen, chronic cough and asthma, scrotal damp itch.Isolated compounds: 2442, 5988, 5989, 6667, 6668, 6669, 6670, 6671.T2585 Euphorbia esula (Euphorbiaceae); JI CHANG LANG DU; LeafyEuphorbia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water, disperseswelling, kill worms, attack gastrointestinal accumulation. TCMIndications: Edema, ascites, scrofula, itchy skin. Isolated compounds:11057, 11058, 12065, 14352, 22042, 22044.T2586 Euphorbia esula var. cyparissoides (Euphorbiaceae); XI YE DA JI;Narrowleaf Euphorbia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toresolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling ofsores. Isolated compounds: 1113, 7611, 8786, 14352.T2587 Euphorbia fischeriana (Euphorbiaceae); LANG DU DA JI; FischerEuphorbia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Euphorbia ebracteolata.TCM Indications: See Euphorbia ebracteolata. Isolated compounds:245, 12480, 17958.T2588 Euphorbia fortissima (Euphorbiaceae); NONG DA JI; DenseEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 6521.T2589 Euphorbia helioscopia (Euphorbiaceae); ZE QI; Sun Euphorbia. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and disperse edema,relieve cough and transform phlegm, resolve toxin and kill worms.TCM Indications: Edema and qi fullness, phlegm-rheum cough asthma,malaria, bacillary dysentery, scrofula, tuberculous fistula, medullitis.Isolated compounds: 5616, 5764, 7608, 7609, 7610, 7619, 7620, 9307,9308, 9309, 9310, 9311, 9312, 9313, 9315, 10624, 13612, 15935,18203, 18338.T2590 Euphorbia hirta (Euphorbiaceae); DA FEI YANG CAO; GardenEuphorbia. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, percolate damp and relieve itch, free milk.TCM Indications: Acute enteritis, bacillary dysentery, strangury,hematuria, pulmonary welling abscess, mammary welling abscess,clove sore, toxin swelling, eczema, foot lichen, itchy skin. Isolatedcompounds: 1113, 6757, 7951.T2591 Euphorbia humifusa (Euphorbiaceae); DI JIN CAO; HumifuseEuphorbia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Dysentery, enteritis, hemoptysis, hematuria, hematochezia, floodingand spotting, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 8095, 11083, 11084, 11085, 12049, 18317, 19542, 22195.T2592 Euphorbia hyberna (Euphorbiaceae); HAI BO NA DA JI; HybernaEuphorbia. Isolated compounds: 5287, 21513, 21530.T2593 Euphorbia ingens (Euphorbiaceae); JU DA JI; Enormous Euphorbia.Isolated compounds: 11063.T2594 Euphorbia jolkini (Euphorbiaceae); NAN DA JI; Jolkin Euphorbia.Isolated compounds: 11892, 11893, 14454.T2595 Euphorbia kamerunica (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11063.T2596 Euphorbia kansui (Euphorbiaceae); GAN SUI; Kansui Euphorbia.Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To drain water and expel rheum,break accumulation and free stool. TCM Indications: Edema, ascites,flowing rheum in chest, concretion conglomeration accumulation andgathering, epilepsy, cough and asthma, urinary and fecal stoppage.Isolated compounds: 2238, 2239, 2442, 4820, 4821, 4822, 4823, 4824,4825, 4826, 4827, 4828, 4829, 4838, 6323, 6324, 6325, 6326, 6939,7611, 7612, 7618, 12129, 12130, 12131, 12137, 12138, 12139, 12140,12141, 12142, 12143, 12144, 12145, 12146, 12147, 12148, 14301,16365, 16448, 16449, 21409.T2597 Euphorbia lathyris (Euphorbiaceae); QIAN JIN ZI; Caper EuphorbiaSeed. Used part: ripe seed without seed coat. TCM Effects: To expelwater and disperse swelling, break blood and disperse concretion.TCM Indications: Edema, phlegm-rheum, accumulation anddistention-fullness, urinary and fecal stoppage, amenorrhea due to

443blood stasis, intractable impediment, wart. Isolated compounds: 663,664, 2331, 4645, 7615, 7617, 9489, 11059, 11060, 11422, 12543,12544, 12545.T2598 Euphorbia lathyris (Euphorbiaceae); XU SUI ZI JING ZHONG BAIZHI; Caper Euphorbia Latex. Used part: white juice in stem. TCMEffects: To eliminate macula and resolve toxin, close sores. TCMIndications: White patch wind, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 6558.T2599 Euphorbia lunulata (Euphorbiaceae); MAO YAN CAO;Crescent-shaped Euphorbia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tosuppress cough and dispel phlegm, dissipate binds, expel water, drawout toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Phlegm-rheum cough asthma,edema, scrofula, scab and lichen, innominate toxin swelling. Isolatedcompounds: 663, 8095, 10887, 10888, 12020, 12082, 18317, 18339,18411.T2600 Euphorbia maculata (Euphorbiaceae); BAN DI JIN; AmericanEuphorbia. Isolated compounds: 18360.T2623 Euphorbia makinoi (Euphorbiaceae); HONG RU CAO; Red-milkGrass*. Isolated compounds: 17754.T2601 Euphorbia milii (Euphorbiaceae); TIE HAI TANG; CrownofhornsEuphorbia. Used part: Stem-leaf and root. TCM Effects: To expel pus,resolve toxin, expel water, quicken blood. TCM Indications: Swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, burns and scalds, knocks and falls,bubo, hepatitis, ascites ulcer. Isolated compounds: 14859, 14860,14861.T2602 Euphorbia nematocypha (Euphorbiaceae); DA LANG DU; LargeEuphorbia Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To transform stasis andstanch bleeding, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Bleeding due to external injury, painful swelling from knocks and falls,scrofula, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 11893, 15330.T2603 Euphorbia nivulia (Euphorbiaceae); YIN DU DUO ZHI DA JI; IndianJuicy Euphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 5325, 5326.T2604 Euphorbia obtusifoli (Euphorbiaceae); DUN YE DA JI XIANGJIANG; Obtuseleaf Euphorbia Latex*. Isolated compounds: 9396.T2605 Euphorbia obtusifolia var. obtusifolia (Euphorbiaceae); DUN YE DAJI; Obtuseleaf Euphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 154, 5202, 5476,6892, 9395, 9396, 9397, 9398, 9399, 9400, 9401.T2606 Euphorbia palustris (Euphorbiaceae); ZHAO SHENG DA JI; MarshyEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 15170.T2607 Euphorbia paralias (Euphorbiaceae); HAI YANG DA JI; SeaEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 11843, 11844, 11845, 11846, 11847,16652, 16653, 19652, 19653, 19654, 19655, 19656, 19657.T2608 Euphorbia pekinensis (Euphorbiaceae); DA JI (3) ; Peking Euphorbia.Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To drain water and expel rheum,dissipate binds and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Edema,seeper in chest and abdomen, phlegm-rheum, inhibited urine and stool,swollen welling abscess, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 6220, 11428,15954.T2609 Euphorbia peplus (Euphorbiaceae); BO AI DA JI; Petty Euphorbia .Isolated compounds: 21032.T2610 Euphorbia poisonii (Euphorbiaceae); PO SEN DA JI; PoisonEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 3074, 18639, 21402.T2611 Euphorbia portlandica (Euphorbiaceae); BO TE LAN DA JI; PortlanEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 4694, 6604, 7883, 13098, 15482,17731, 17732, 21026, 22734.T2612 Euphorbia prolifera (Euphorbiaceae); TU GUA LANG DU;Proliferous Euphorbia*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To disinhibiturine, free stool, move qi, dissipate stasis, kill worms, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Edema, constipation, food accumulation,stomachache, knocks and falls, fracture, scab and lichen, sore toxin.Isolated compounds: 373.T2613 Euphorbia pubescens (Euphorbiaceae); DUAN ROU MAO DA JI;Shortfluff Euphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 874, 7613, 7614, 11890,11891, 18170, 18171, 18172, 18173, 19542.T2614 Euphorbia pulcherrima (Euphorbiaceae); YI PIN HONG; CommonPoinsettia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To regulatemenstruation and stanch bleeding, quicken blood and settle pain. TCMIndications: Profuse menstruation, painful swelling from knocks andfalls, fracture, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:12488.T2615 Euphorbia quinquecostata (Euphorbiaceae); WU ZHU MAI DA JI.Isolated compounds: 1385.T2616 Euphorbia resinifera (Euphorbiaceae); SHU ZHI DA JI; ResinoidEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 18639, 18640.T2617 Euphorbia royleana (Euphorbiaceae); BA WANG BIAN; RoyleEuphorbia Latex. Used part: stem-leaf or white juice in stem. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and resolve toxin, kill worms and relieve itch.TCM Indications: Sore toxin, skin lichen, edema. Isolated compounds:4491, 6224, 7611, 7618, 8786, 8788.T2618 Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 8311.T2619 Euphorbia spp. (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13438, 17181.T2620 Euphorbia stepposa (Euphorbiaceae); CAO YUAN DA JI; GrasslandEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 15170.T2621 Euphorbia stygiana (Euphorbiaceae); YOU AN DI JIN; StygianEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 7954, 7955.T2622 Euphorbia supina (Euphorbiaceae); BAN YE DI JIN; SpottedleafEuphorbia. Isolated compounds: 16362.T2624 Euphorbia tirucalli (Euphorbiaceae); LU YU SHU; MalabartreeEuphorbia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To promote lactation,kill worms, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Postpartum scant milk,lichen sore, swelling pain in joints. Isolated compounds: 7616, 15964.T2625 Euphorbia turczaninowii (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9474,9475, 16818, 16819, 16820, 21027.T2626 Euphorbia wallichii (Euphorbiaceae); DA GUO DA JI; LargefruitEuphorbia*. Isolated compounds: 1962, 3330, 5759, 5760, 9311, 9313,9314, 9805, 11061, 11062, 11892.T2627 Euphoria longan [Syn. Dimocarpus longan] (Sapindaceae); LONGYAN YE; Longan Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To effuseexterior and clear heat, resolve toxin, dry damp. TCM Indications:Common cold, malaria, swelling of clove, hemorrhoids, eczema.Isolated compounds: 6918, 17220, 17869, 18411, 18624, 20369,21540.T2628 Euphrasia officinalis (Euphorbiaceae); XIAO MI CAO; MeadowEyebright. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Febrile diseases thirst,headache, lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat, heat strangury,inhibited urination, mouth sore, swollen welling abscess. Isolated

444compounds: 2004.T2629 Euphrasia regelii (Euphorbiaceae); DUAN XIAN XIAO MI CAO;Regel Eyebright. Isolated compounds: 7533.T2630 Euptelea polyandra (Eupteleaceae= Trochodendraceae); DUO XIONGRUI LING CHUN MU; Polyandrous Euptelea*. Isolated compounds:7622, 7623, 7624, 7625, 7626, 7627, 7628, 7629, 7630, 7631, 7632,7633, 7634, 7635.T2631 Eurya japonica (Theaceae); LING MU; Japanese Eurya. Used part:leaf or fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, ascites, fever and dry mouth, swelling of sores,painful swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 3594, 18615.T2632 Euryale ferox (Nymphaeaceae); QIAN SHI GEN; Gordon EuryaleRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate binds and relievepain, check discharge. TCM Indications: Mounting qi, leukorrhea,innominate toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 14240.T2633 Eurycoma harmandiana (Staphyleaceae). Isolated compounds: 773,3097, 3098, 3299, 6215, 8510, 9885, 9890, 10934, 10935, 10936,13867, 13871, 16695.T2634 Eurycoma longifolia (Staphyleaceae); CHANG YE KUAN MU.Isolated compounds: 421, 3096, 3097, 3098, 3158, 3159, 4938, 4986,5941, 6215, 6888, 7652, 9563, 9884, 9885, 9887, 10290, 10390,10391, 10477, 10503, 12334, 12964, 12965, 13669, 13866, 13867,13868, 13869, 13871, 15598, 15599, 16892, 17304, 17309.T2635 Eurycoma sp. (Staphyleaceae). Isolated compounds: 378, 381, 389,420, 421, 2571, 4740, 4986, 5334, 5609, 5610, 5611, 5681, 5893,5941, 5960, 6214, 6252, 6253, 7011, 7638, 7639, 7640, 7641, 7642,7643, 7644, 7645, 7646, 7647, 7648, 7649, 7650, 7651, 7653, 7654,7655, 7943, 9884, 9886, 9887, 9890, 9999, 10021, 10115, 10116,10192, 10290, 10390, 10391, 10392, 10393, 10477, 10503, 10788,12521, 12575, 12576, 12964, 13866, 13868, 13869, 13871, 14006,14007, 16693, 16694, 16695, 16696, 16892, 17480, 20031, 20033,20035, 20039, 20568, 20572, 20574, 21230, 21759.T2636 Euscaphis japonica (Staphyleaceae); YE YA CHUN; CommonEuscaphis. Used part: fruit or seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, move qi and relieve pain, dissipate binds and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Stomachache, cold mounting withabdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, prolapse of rectum, menstrualdisorder, prolapse of uterus, painful swollen testes. Isolatedcompounds: 1935, 6056, 7659, 14314.T2637 Evernia prunastri LI BIAN ZHI YI. Isolated compounds: 18779.T2638 Evodia austrosinensis (Rutaceae); HUA NAN WU ZHU YU; SouthChina Evodia. Isolated compounds: 2022, 2023, 4034, 5691, 7665,10117, 10943.T2639 Evodia baberi (Rutaceae); YI HUA WU ZHU YU. Isolatedcompounds: 7665, 19081.T2640 Evodia belahe (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 17033.T2641 Evodia lepta [Syn. Ilex lepta] (Rutaceae); SAN CHA KU; Thin Evodia.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispelwind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat,malaria, icterohepatitis, wind-damp bone pain, eczema, dermatitis,sores. Isolated compounds: 7456, 11606, 12670, 12673, 14551, 18830.T2642 Evodia madagascariensis (Rutaceae); MA DAO CHOU TAN;Madagascar Evodia*. Isolated compounds: 20978.T2643 Evodia meliifolia (Rutaceae); LIAN YE WU ZHU YU; DyebarkEvodia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipatecold, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Pain in stomach ductand abdomen, vomiting, headache. Isolated compounds: 15882.T2644 Evodia rutaecarpa (Rutaceae); WU ZHU YU; Medicinal Evodia.Equivalent plant: Evodia rutaecarpa var. officinalis. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To dispel cold, dry damp, soothe liver, precipitate qi,relieve pain, check vomiting. TCM Indications: Dysentery, cold painin stomach duct and abdomen, reverting yin headache, mounting qi,dysmenorrhea, beriberi with edema, hyperchlorhydria, cold-dampdiarrhea. Isolated compounds: 114, 179, 180, 1600, 4912, 6308, 6370,6691, 7663, 7664, 7665, 7666, 7667, 7668, 7669, 7902, 8512, 8956,8957, 8958, 8991, 10117, 10118, 10325, 11816, 12843, 14135, 14143,14331, 14624, 14654, 14657, 14658, 14659, 14660, 14741, 14745,14771, 14799, 14800, 14801, 15882, 15925, 19081, 19081, 19082,20552, 21076, 21624, 21625.T2645 Evodia rutaecarpa var. bodinieri (Rutaceae); BO SHI WU ZHU YU;Guizhou Evodia. Isolated compounds: 7665, 19081.T2646 Evodia rutaecarpa var. officinalis (Rutaceae); SHI HU (3) ; OfficinalEvodia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Evodia rutaecarpa. TCMIndications: See Evodia rutaecarpa. Isolated compounds: 7665, 19081,19801.T2647 Evodia sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12254.T2648 Evodia spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12847.T2649 Evolvulus alsinoides (Convolvulaceae); TU DING GUI; CommonEvolvulus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Jaundice, dysentery,strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge, clove sore, scab sore. Isolatedcompounds: 2318, 13686.T2650 Excoecaria agallocha (Euphorbiaceae); HAI QI; Bling-your-eye-tree.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To drain precipitation, attacktoxin. TCM Indications: Replete body and constipation, skinintractable ulcer, swelling toxin of limbs. Isolated compounds: 134,684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 5491,7685, 7686, 7687, 7688, 7689, 7690, 7691, 7692, 9852, 10080, 10299,10562, 11241, 12173, 12404, 16326, 20986.T2651 Excoecaria cochinchinensis var. viridis (Euphorbiaceae); LU BEI GUIHUA. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To kill worms and relieve itch.TCM Indications: Psoriasis, chronic eczema. Isolated compounds:1935, 7693, 7694, 8095, 8566, 9818, 12082, 19805, 21634.FT2652 Fabiana imbricata (Solanaceae); PI QI QIE; Peru False Heath.Isolated compounds: 1596.T2653 Fagara sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 19777, 22774.T2654 Fagara spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2655 Fagara vitiensis (Rutaceae); FEI JI AI JIAO; Fiji Fagara*. Isolatedcompounds: 18057.T2656 Fagara xanthoxyloides (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 113, 2761,2762, 2763, 4422, 5578, 7701, 7702, 7704, 10474, 11269, 11284,13098, 14182, 19777.

445T2657 Fagopyrum cymosum [Syn. Polygonum cymosum] (Polygonaceae);TIAN QIAO MAI GEN; Golden Buckwheat Root. Used part: root andrhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken bloodand disperse welling abscess, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, sores, scrofula, hepatitis,pulmonary welling abscess, aching sinews and bones, head wind,stomachache, bacillary dysentery, Vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 9818, 14371, 17869, 17896, 18411, 19087, 19794, 20444.T2658 Fagopyrum esculentum (Polygonaceae); QIAO MAI; CommonBuckwheat. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen anddisperse accumulation, precipitate qi and loosen intestines, resolvetoxin and close sores. TCM Indications: Gastrointestinal accumulation,diarrhea, dysentery, intestine gripping sand, white turbidity, vaginaldischarge, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, zoster, erysipelas,effusion of back from welling abscess and flat abscess, scrofula, burnsand scalds. Isolated compounds: 2347, 9834, 19087, 19186, 19188.T2659 Fagopyrum esculentum (Polygonaceae); QIAO MAI JIE; CommonBuckwheat Stem. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To precipitate qiand disperse accumulation, clear heat and resolve toxin, stanchbleeding, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications:Dysphagia-occlusion, indigestion, dysentery, vaginal discharge,swollen welling abscess, scalds, hemoptysis, purpura, hypertension.Isolated compounds: 9616, 16196, 19087.T2660 Fagopyrum spp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 5763.T2661 Fagopyrum tataricum (Polygonaceae); KU QIAO MAI; TartarianBuckwheat. Isolated compounds: 19087.T2662 Fagus sylvatica (Fagaceae); OU ZHOU SHUI QING GANG;European Beech. Isolated compounds: 4439, 20556.T2663 family Amaryllidaceae spp. (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds:9186, 9612, 9646, 17573.T2664 family Apiaceae spp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13137, 18317.T2665 family Apocynaceae spp. (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 12020,20577, 22596, 22602.T2666 family Asteraceae spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 13137,17719, 19194, 20016, 20387, 21034, 21207, 21208, 21328, 21329,21486, 21487, 22401.T2667 family Berberidaceae spp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds:16555.T2668 family Brassicaceae spp. (Brassicaceae). Isolated compounds: 6812,12020, 17117.T2669 family Cactaceae spp. (Cactaceae). Isolated compounds: 9646, 19513.T2670 family Cistaceae spp. (Cistaceae). Isolated compounds: 13137.T2671 family Dilleniaceae spp. (Dilleniaceae). Isolated compounds: 12020.T2672 family Euphorbiaceae spp. (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds:13137, 20235.T2673 family Fabaceae spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 7883, 9646,12020, 13137, 18652.T2674 family Fumariaceae spp. (Fumariaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2675 family Hydrophyllaceae spp. (Hydrophyllaceae). Isolated compounds:22142.T2676 family Liliaceae spp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 9339.T2677 family Meliaceae spp. (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 21553.T2678 family Menispermaceae spp. (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds:21389.T2679 family Papaveraceae spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2680 family Passifloraceae spp. (Passifloraceae). Isolated compounds:13137.T2681 family Poaceae spp. (Poaceae). Isolated compounds: 9646.T2682 family Polygonaceae spp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 10887.T2683 family Pyrolaceae spp. (Pyrolaceae). Isolated compounds: 17476.T2684 family Ranunculaceae spp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds:1179, 12020.T2685 family Resedaceae spp. (Resedaceae). Isolated compounds: 13137.T2686 family Rutaceae spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498, 20135.T2687 family Sapindaceae spp. (Sapindaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2688 family Scrophulariaceae spp. (Scrophulariaceae). Isolated compounds:13137.T2689 family Simarubaceae spp. (Simarubaceae). Isolated compounds: 19221,20108.T2690 family Thymelaeaceae spp. (Thymelaeaceae). Isolated compounds:17374, 20550.T2691 Farfugium japonicum (Asteraceae); LIAN PENG CAO; JapaneseFarfugium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding, dissipate binds anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold, swelling pain inthroat, cough and hemoptysis, hematochezia, hematuria, menstrualdisorder, mastitis, scrofula, swelling toxin of welling abscess and boil,clove sore and eczema, knocks and falls, snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 7717, 7718, 8017, 10133, 10406, 19731.T2692 Fatsia spp. (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T2693 Feijoa sellowiana (Myrtaceae); FEI YUE GUO; Pineapple Guava.Isolated compounds: 3303, 8813, 20910, 21983.T2694 Ferula alliacea (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17077.T2695 Ferula assafoetida (Apiaceae); A WEI; Asafetida Giantfennel Resin.Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: To transform concretion and disperseaccumulation, kill worms, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications:Concretion and conglomeration, lump glomus, worm accumulation,meat-type food accumulation, cold pain in heart and abdomen, malaria,dysentery. Isolated compounds: 1909, 1910, 1911, 2096, 3969, 3970,7731, 7732, 7733, 7768, 8087, 9085, 12127, 14763, 15517, 17620,19224, 22228.T2696 Ferula badrakema (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2096.T2697 Ferula borealis (Apiaceae); SHA QIAN HU; Bunge Giantfennel. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve exterior, dispelphlegm and suppress cough. TCM Indications: Common cold, fever,headache, pneumonia, trachitis, chest oppression with cough asthma,tonsillitis, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 6479.T2698 Ferula ferulaeoides (Apiaceae); DUO SAN A WEI; ManyumbellGiantfennel. Used part: root. Isolated compounds: 5626, 5627, 5628,5629, 5630, 5631, 5632, 5633, 5666, 5667, 5668, 5669.T2699 Ferula ferulago (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 7765, 7766.T2700 Ferula foetida (Apiaceae); CHOU A WEI; Foetid Giantfennel*.Isolated compounds: 7707, 7768, 7845, 7846, 7847, 7848, 7849, 7850,19080.T2701 Ferula fukanensis (Apiaceae); FU KANG A WEI GEN; FukangGiantfennel Root. Isolated compounds: 5633, 5669, 7982, 7983, 7984,

4467985.T2702 Ferula kopetdaghensis (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17079.T2703 Ferula kuhistanica (Apiaceae); YI LANG A WEI; Iran Giantfennel*.Isolated compounds: 6179, 6180, 7098, 7152, 7791, 7792, 7792, 9829,11811, 11811, 12310, 12311, 12312, 12313, 12314, 12315, 12316,12317, 12318, 12319, 12320, 12321, 12322, 12323, 12324, 12325,12326, 12470, 12470, 12471, 12509, 21744, 22331.T2704 Ferula persica var. latisecta (Apiaceae); BO SI A WEI BIAN ZHONG;Persia Giantfennel Variety*. Isolated compounds: 2800, 2801.T2705 Ferula polyantha (Apiaceae); DUO HUA A WEI; ManyflowerGiantfennel*. Isolated compounds: 17620.T2706 Ferula pseudooreoselinum (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 19225.T2707 Ferula sinaica (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5890, 12469.T2708 Ferula sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22552.T2709 Ferula spp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22195.T2710 Ferula xeromorpha (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22785.T2711 Ferulago brachyloba (Apiaceae); LEI A WEI. Isolated compounds:10658.T2712 Ferulago capillaries (Apiaceae); JU MAO LEI A WEI. Isolatedcompounds: 2308, 5080, 10658, 13571, 19709, 19710, 19711.T2713 Ferulago nodosa (Apiaceae); JIE JIE LEI A WEI; Node Ferulago*.Isolated compounds: 15939.T2714 Fibraurea chloroleuca (Menispermaceae); LV BAI TIAN XIANTENG; Chloro-white Fibraurea*. Isolated compounds: 2304.T2715 Fibraurea recisa (Menispermaceae); TIAN XIAN TENG; CommonFibraurea. Used part: root, stem or leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Acute tonsillitis,pharyngolaryngitis, infection of upper respiratory tract, conjunctivitis,jaundice, gastroenteritis, dysentery, child indigestion, food poisoning,salpingitis, acute endometritis, chronic endometritis, acute pelvicinflammation, vaginitis, sore and boil, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 11851, 16555.T2716 Ficus beecheyana [Syn. Ficus erecta var. beecheyana] (Moraceae);TIAN XIAN GUO; Erect Fig. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clearheat and engender liquid, fortify spleen and promote digestion, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Enteritis, dysentery,constipation, hemorrhoids, throat pain, welling abscessand sores, scaband lichen. Isolated compounds: 2424, 2425, 2463, 2464, 2465, 5907,10037, 10180.T2717 Ficus carica (Moraceae); WU HUA GUO; Fig. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To clear heat and engender liquid, fortify spleen and promotedigestion, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Swelling pain in throat, dry cough with hoarseness, scant breast milk,intestinal heat and constipation, inappetence, indigestion, diarrhea,dysentery, swollen welling abscess, lichen. Isolated compounds: 671,672, 673, 674, 2309, 4525, 7996, 11031, 13098, 14104, 14537, 18086,18276, 18421.T2718 Ficus carica (Moraceae); WU HUA GUO YE; Fig Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, resolve sore toxin, disperseswelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Damp-heat diarrhea,vaginal discharge, hemorrhoids, pain from swollen welling abscess,scrofula. Isolated compounds: 1113, 9021, 13098.Ficus erecta var. beecheyana = Ficus beecheyanaT2719 Ficus fistulosa [Syn. Ficus harlandii] (Moraceae); SHUI TONG MU;Harland Fig. Used part: root cortex, leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Damp-heat inhibited urination, diarrhea, painful swelling from knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 446, 529.Ficus harlandii = Ficus fistulosaT2720 Ficus hispida (Moraceae); DUI YE RONG; Oppositeleaf Fig. Usedpart: root, bark or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and clearheat, disperse accumulation and transform phlegm, fortify spleen andeliminate damp, move qi and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, conjunctivitis, bronchitis, indigestion,dysentery, spleen vacuity and vaginal discharge, breast milk stoppage,painful swelling from knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain.Isolated compounds: 9562, 12716, 21543, 21921.T2721 Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae); RONG SHU; Smallfruit Fig. Used part:aerial root. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind-heat, dispel wind-damp,quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Influenza, pertussis,non-eruption of measles, tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, wind-damp bonepain, sand qi abdominal pain, enduring dysentery, stomachache,leukorrhea, eczema, pudendal itch, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 174, 178, 183, 188, 189, 190, 197, 202, 203, 204, 211,228, 249, 252, 267, 283, 332, 530, 2338, 6477, 15757, 15759, 16337,16402, 21982, 22270, 22272.T2722 Ficus nitida (Moraceae); LIANG YE RONG; Bright Fig*. Isolatedcompounds: 7950.T2723 Ficus pumila (Moraceae); BI LI; Climbing Fig. Used part: leafy stem.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and disinhibit damp, quicken blood andfree network vessels, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, sciatica, diarrhea, urinarystrangury, edema, malaria, amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasisabdominal pain, swelling pain in throat, testitis, lacquer sore, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 1112, 20713.T2724 Ficus racemosa (Moraceae); JU GUO RONG; Racemose Fig*.Isolated compounds: 18513.T2725 Ficus ruficaulis var. antaoensis (Moraceae); LAN YU LUO YERONG. Isolated compounds: 5528, 8664, 8665, 8677, 8678, 11642,19087.T2726 Ficus septica (Moraceae); FU YE RONG; Septic Fig*. Isolatedcompounds: 22151.T2727 Ficus simplicissima (Moraceae); CU YE RONG; Hispid Fig. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and supplement lung, move qiand disinhibit damp, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels. TCMIndications: Spleen vacuity edema, reduced food intake with fatigue,tuberculosis with cough, vaginal discharge, night sweating, postpartumscant milk, wind-damp impediment pain, edema, cirrhosis with ascites,hepatitis, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 4140, 18086.T2728 Ficus spp. (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 13098.Filifolium sibiricum = Tanacetum sibiricumT2729 Filipendula ulmaria (Rosaceae); XUAN GUO WEN ZI CAO;Queen-of-the-Meadows. Used part: root and flower. TCM Effects: Tocalm liver and lower blood pressure, eliminate putridity and closesores. TCM Indications: Hypertension, sores with pus blood. Isolated

447compounds: 19057.T2730 Fimbristylis dichotoma (Cyperaceae); PIAO FU CAO; DichotomousFimbristylis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Inhibited urination,damp-heat edema, strangury, infant fetal toxin. Isolated compounds:5579, 21063.T2731 Firmiana simplex (Sterculiaceae); WU TONG BAI PI; Phoenix TreeBast. Used part: bast. TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol, clear heatand calm liver, dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Hyperlipemia, hypertension,wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder,hemorrhoids, erysipelas. Isolated compounds: 13097, 15935.T2732 Firmiana simplex (Sterculiaceae); WU TONG YE; Phoenix Tree Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol, clear heat andcalm liver, dispel wind and eliminate damp, clear heat and resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Hyperlipemia, hypertension, wind-damp pain,numbness and paralysis, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess,hemorrhoids, shank sore, bleeding due to external injury, hypertension.Isolated compounds: 1112, 1113.T2733 Firmiana simplex (Sterculiaceae); WU TONG ZI; Phoenix Tree Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol, clear heat andcalm liver, normalize qi, harmonize stomach and disperse food. TCMIndications: Hyperlipemia, food damage, stomachache, mounting qi,infant mouth sore. Isolated compounds: 2318, 2892, 20328.T2734 Fissistigma glaucescens [Syn. Melodorum glaucescens] (Annonaceae);BAI YE GUA FU MU; Glaucescent Fissistigma. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, free menstruation and quickenblood, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, menstrual disorder, knocks and falls, fracture, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 12917, 15711.T2735 Fissistigma oldhamii [Syn. Melodorum oldhamii] (Annonaceae); GUAFU MU; Oldham Fissistigma. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, lumbago, stomachache,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 15711.T2736 Fissistigma polyanthum (Annonaceae); HEI FENG TENG;Manyflower Fissistimga. Used part: root and rattan. TCM Effects: Todispel wind-damp, strengthen sinews and bones, quicken blood andrelieve pain, regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Sequel ofpoliomyelitis, rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, menstrual disorder. Isolatedcompounds: 7803.T2737 Flemingia philippinensis [Syn. Moghania philippinensis] (Fabaceae);MAN XING QIAN JIN BA; Philippine Flemingia. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, strengthen sinewsand bones, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, taxation damage in lumbar muscle,wilting-weakness in limbs, knocks and falls, swelling pain in throat.Isolated compounds: 7827, 12358.T2738 Flemingia strobilifera (Fabaceae); QIU SUI QIAN JIN BA; ConespikeFlemingia. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand eliminate damp, dispel wind and free network vessels, relievecough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, lassitude in lumbus and knees, phlegm-heat cough,asthma, pertussis, jaundice. Isolated compounds: 15286, 22044.T2739 Flindersia collina (Rutaceae); SHAN QIU JU PAN MU; HillFlindersia*. Isolated compounds: 3926.T2740 Flourensia cernua (Asteraceae); FU CHUI FE LAO JU; Tarbush.Isolated compounds: 4918, 6797, 7838, 9371, 9480, 9564, 14639,15666, 15936, 16824, 21038, 21542.T2741 Flourensia riparia (Asteraceae); HE AN FU LAO JU; RiparianTarbush*. Isolated compounds: 10050, 19754.T2742 Flustra foliacea (Flustridae); BEI HAI XIAN TAI CHONG; North SeaBryozoan. Isolated compounds: 2484, 2621, 2622, 4868, 4869, 7842,7843, 7844.T2743 Flyriella parryi. Isolated compounds: 16093.T2744 Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae); HUI XIANG; Fennel Fruit. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To warm kidney and disperse cold, rectify qi andharmonize stomach. TCM Indications: incarcerated hernia of intestine,effusion of vaginal coat, elephantiasis of scrotum, cold mounting, coldpain in lesser-abdomen, kidney vacuity lumbago, stomachache,vomiting, beriberi. Isolated compounds: 1183, 1186, 1282, 1284, 1289,3695, 6482, 7385, 7751, 11574, 12843, 19784, 20369, 20566, 20988,20998, 22195.T2745 Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae); HUI XIANG GEN; Fennel Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To warm kidney and harmonize center,move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Cold mounting, stomachcold with retching counterflow, abdominal pain, pain in joints due torheumatalgia. Isolated compounds: 6193, 7426.T2746 Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae); HUI XIANG JING YE; Fennel Stemand Leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To expel wind,normalize qi, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Sand qi, mounting qi,swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 1284, 4134, 4879, 7768,8307, 9043, 11574, 11897, 15325, 18421, 19912, 20566.T2747 Fomes cajanderi (Polyporaceae); FEN ROU CENG KONG JUN.Isolated compounds: 7876, 7877, 7878.T2748 Fomes fomentarius [Syn. Pyropolyporus fomentarius; Boletusfomentarius; Polyporus fomentarius] (Polyporaceae); MU TI CENGKONG JUN. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To disperseaccumulation, transform stasis, anticancer. TCM Indications: Foodaccumulation, carcinoma of esophagus, carcinoma of stomach, ovariancarcinoma. Isolated compounds: 7249.T2749 Fomes officinalis (Polyporaceae); A LI HONG; Fomes OfficinalisSporocarp. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To relieve cough andcalm asthma, dispel wind and eliminate damp, disperse swelling andrelieve pain, disinhibit urine, resolve snake toxin. TCM Indications:Cough, asthma, chronic rheumatic arthritis, swelling pain in throat,stomachache, urethral stone, periodontitis, edema, poisonous snakebite. Isolated compounds: 4909, 4910, 6672, 6673, 6674, 6675, 6676,7247, 7250, 7856, 7857, 7858, 7859, 12488, 16013, 20237, 20480,20483.Fomes pinicola = Fomitopsis pinicolaT2750 Fomitopsis pinicola [Syn. Fomes pinicola; Polyporus pinicola](Polyporaceae); HONG YUAN CENG KONG JUN; Red BeltPolypore. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, pain

448in joints. Isolated compounds: 7860, 7861, 7862, 7866, 7867, 7868,7869, 7870, 7871, 7872, 7873, 7874, 7875, 17273, 17388, 17389.T2751 Fomitopsis spraguei (Polyporaceae); CENG KONG JUN; Polypore.Isolated compounds: 7863, 7864, 7865.T2752 Fordia cauliflora (Fabaceae); GAN HUA DOU; Common Fordia.Used part: root, leaf. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and free networkvessels, disperse swelling and relieve pain, transform phlegm andrelieve cough. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, knocksand falls, swelling pain of welling abscess and sore, cough. Isolatedcompounds: 3334, 3335, 6397, 12163.T2753 Formica fusca (Formicidae); HEI MA YI; Silky Ant. Used part: body.TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and boost essence, free channelsand quicken network vessels, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity dizziness and tinnitus, insomnia andfrequent dreaming, impotence and emission, wind-damp impedimentpain, wind stroke with hemiplegia, numbness in limbs, erythematouslupus, chorionitis, dermatomyositis, swollen welling abscess and clovesores, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1053, 2393, 4865,6545, 22224, 22226.T2754 Forsythia koreana (Oleaceae); CHAO XIAN LIAN QIAO; KoreanForsythia*. Isolated compounds: 7924.T2755 Forsythia sp. (Oleaceae). Isolated compounds: 580, 3214, 15135,15477.T2756 Forsythia suspensa (Oleaceae); LIAN QIAO; Weeping Forsythia.Used part: dried fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dissipate binds and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Influenza inearly stage, common cold in early stage, wind-heat common cold,encephalitis, hepatitis, tuberculosis, warm disease, heat strangury withinhibited pain, welling abscess, welling abscess and flat abscess, toxinswelling, scrofula, goiter and tuberculosis, throat impediment. Isolatedcompounds: 386, 387, 1511, 3045, 3048, 3194, 3761, 4550, 6029,7922, 7923, 7924, 7925, 7926, 7927, 11247, 12440, 12843, 12849,13595, 15146, 15926, 15927, 16050, 16106, 16107, 17056, 17143,17145, 17376, 17377, 17409, 18613, 18614, 18615, 18616, 18617,18618, 18619, 19121, 19540, 20497, 20990, 20992, 20995, 22270,22720.T2757 Forsythia viridissima (Oleaceae); JIN ZHONG HUA; GreenstemForsythia. Used part: proper exciple, root or leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate binds. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, red eyes with gall, welling abscess and sores,erysipelas, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 580, 1621, 1623, 1935,11642, 13595.T2758 Fortunella crassifolia (Rutaceae); JIN DAN; Meiwa Kumquat. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: See Fortunella margarita. TCM Indications:See Fortunella margarita. Isolated compounds: 7930.T2759 Fortunella japonica (Rutaceae); JIN GAN; Japanese Kumquat. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: See Fortunella margarita. TCM Indications:See Fortunella margarita. Isolated compounds: 11716, 15635, 20670.T2760 Fortunella margarita (Rutaceae); JIN JU; Oval Kumquat. Equivalentplant: Fortunella crassifolia, Fortunella japonica. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To rectify qi and resolve depression, disperse food andtransform phlegm, arouse liquor. TCM Indications: Oppression anddepression in chest, liquor damage with thirst, food stagnation intorpid stomach. Isolated compounds: 7930, 11716, 20670.T2761 Fortunella margarita (Rutaceae); JIN JU YE; Oval Kumquat Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To soothe depressed liver qi, openstomach qi, dissipate lung qi. TCM Indications: Dysphagia-occlusion,scrofula. Isolated compounds: 15635.T2762 Fouquieria splendens HUA LAI CI SHU; Fouquieria splendens.Isolated compounds: 15930.T2763 Fragaria ananassa (Rosaceae); CAO MEI; Common Strawberry.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To allay thirst, fortify stomach anddisperse food. TCM Indications: Thirst, inappetence, indigestion.Isolated compounds: 13261, 15681, 21392.T2764 Fragaria vesca (Rosaceae); YE CAO MEI; European Strawberry.Isolated compounds: 17876.Frangula alnus = Rhamnus frangulaT2765 Fraxinus americana (Oleaceae); NEI GUO BAI CEN; White Ash.Isolated compounds: 5084, 7934, 7941, 10552, 10553.T2766 Fraxinus bungeana (Oleaceae); XIAO YE CEN; Bunga Ash Bark.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. TCMIndications: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Isolated compounds: 663,664, 7942, 7944.T2767 Fraxinus chinensis (Oleaceae); BAI LA SHU; Chinese Ash Bark. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. TCMIndications: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Isolated compounds: 663,7942, 16080.Fraxinus chinensis var. acuminata = Fraxinus szaboanaFraxinus chinensis var. rhynchophylla = Fraxinus rhynchophyllaT2768 Fraxinus excelsior (Oleaceae); OU ZHOU BAI LA SHU; EuropeanAsh. Isolated compounds: 7944.T2769 Fraxinus floribunda (Oleaceae); XI MA BAI LA SHU; ManyflowerAsh. Isolated compounds: 7942.T2770 Fraxinus insularis (Oleaceae); KU LI MU YE; Retuse Ash Leaf.Isolated compounds: 11089, 11090.T2771 Fraxinus japonica (Oleaceae); RI BEN BAI LA SHU; Japanese Ash*.Isolated compounds: 16080, 17409.T2772 Fraxinus mandshurica (Oleaceae); SHUI QU LIU; Manchurian Ash.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp, clear liverand brighten eyes. TCM Indications: damp-heat diarrhea dysentery,vaginal discharge, liver heat and red eyes, eye screen, oxhide lichen.Isolated compounds: 663, 664.T2773 Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae); HUA BAI LA SHU; Flowering Ash.Isolated compounds: 663, 664, 7942, 7944, 11513, 13504.T2774 Fraxinus paxiana (Oleaceae); QIN LING BAI LA SHU; Pax Ash.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. TCMIndications: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Isolated compounds: 663,664, 7944.T2775 Fraxinus potamophila (Oleaceae); TU ER QI SI TAN BAI LA SHU;Turkestan Ash. Isolated compounds: 7944.T2776 Fraxinus quadrangulata (Oleaceae); SI LENG LA SHU; Blue Ash.Isolated compounds: 3981.T2777 Fraxinus rhynchophylla [Syn. Fraxinus chinensis var. rhynchophylla](Oleaceae); CEN PI; Largeleaf Chinese Ash Bark. Equivalent plant:Fraxinus szaboana, Fraxinus chinensis, Fraxinus stylosa, Fraxinusbungeana, Fraxinus paxiana. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear

449heat and dry damp, promote astriction, brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Heat dysentery, diarrhea, chronic bronchitis, rheumatic arthritis, redand white vaginal discharge, red eyes with gall, eye screen. Isolatedcompounds: 663, 664.T2778 Fraxinus sp. (Oleaceae). Isolated compounds: 11428.T2779 Fraxinus stylosa (Oleaceae); LIU YE CEN; Willowleaf Ash Bark.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. TCMIndications: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Isolated compounds: 663,664, 7944, 20569.T2780 Fraxinus szaboana [Syn. Fraxinus chinensis var. acuminata](Oleaceae); JIAN YE CEN; Acuteleaf Ash Bark. Used part: bark.TCM Effects: See Fraxinus rhynchophylla. TCM Indications: SeeFraxinus rhynchophylla. Isolated compounds: 663, 664, 6204, 7944,19542.T2781 Fritillaria anhuiensis (Liliaceae); AN HUI BEI MU; Anhui Fritillary.Isolated compounds: 618, 6658, 12181, 21359, 22636.T2782 Fritillaria camtschatcensis (Liliaceae); HEI BAI HE; KamchatkaFritillary. Isolated compounds: 9220, 18571, 20056, 20066.T2783 Fritillaria cirrhosa (Liliaceae); CHUAN BEI MU; TendrilleafFritillary. Equivalent plant: Fritillaria unibracteata, Fritillariadelavayi, Fritillaria przewalskii. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and moisten lung, relieve cough and transform phlegm.TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, dry cough, chronic bronchitis,infection of upper respiratory tract, tuberculosis, gastric ulcer,duodenal ulcer, yin vacuity taxation cough, cough with phlegm andblood. Isolated compounds: 11002, 12275, 12276, 12277, 12278,12279, 20056.T2784 Fritillaria delavayi (Liliaceae); LENG SHA BEI MU; DelavayFritillary. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Fritillaria cirrhosa. TCMIndications: See Fritillaria cirrhosa. Isolated compounds: 3630, 4996,4997, 11002.T2785 Fritillaria ebeiensis (Liliaceae); E BEI BEI MU; Ebei Fritillary.Isolated compounds: 6658, 6660, 6661, 7959, 7961, 7962, 7963, 7964,7967, 9680.T2786 Fritillaria ebeiensis var. purpurea (Liliaceae); ZI HUA E BEI BEI MU;Purpleflower Fritillary. Isolated compounds: 6657, 6659, 6660, 6661,7958, 7965, 7966, 7968, 7969, 12168, 22998, 23001.T2787 Fritillaria hupehensis (Liliaceae); HU BEI BEI MU; Hupeh Fritillary.Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and transform phlegm,resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Externallycontracted wind-heat cough, phlegm-heat cough, cough with profusephlegm, scrofula, swollen welling abscess, mammary welling abscess,pulmonary welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 7960, 9679, 9680,9681, 9682, 9683, 9684, 9685, 12168, 12169.T2788 Fritillaria imperialis (Liliaceae); XI BEI MU; Crown Imperial.Isolated compounds: 4990, 4996, 5645, 6657, 6661, 7794, 7928,11002, 11004, 11005, 11244, 16773, 16988, 19828, 21466.T2789 Fritillaria ningguoensis (Liliaceae); NING GUO BEI MU; NingguoFritillary. Isolated compounds: 15613, 15614.T2790 Fritillaria pallidiflora (Liliaceae); YI BEI MU; Siberian Fritillary.Equivalent plant: Fritillaria walujewii. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects:To clear lung, transform phlegm, dissipate binds. TCM Indications:Lung heat cough, sticky phlegm and oppression in chest, consumptioncough and hemoptysis, scrofula, swollen welling abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 6144, 11002, 11003, 16776, 22904, 22905, 22906, 22907.T2791 Fritillaria persica (Liliaceae); TAO BEI MU; Peach Fritillary*.Isolated compounds: 9681, 16989, 17020.T2792 Fritillaria przewalskii (Liliaceae); GAN SU BEI MU; PrzewalskFritillary. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Fritillaria cirrhosa. TCMIndications: See Fritillaria cirrhosa. Isolated compounds: 618, 3630,4997, 11002, 21359.T2793 Fritillaria puqiensis (Liliaceae); PU QI BEI MU; Puqi Fritillary*.Isolated compounds: 18208.T2794 Fritillaria siechuanica (Liliaceae); HUA XI BEI MU; Huaxi Fritillary.Isolated compounds: 16776.T2795 Fritillaria taipaiensis var. ningxiaensis (Liliaceae); NING XIA BEIMU; Ningxia Fritillary. Isolated compounds: 3630, 11002, 16776,20624.Fritillaria thunbergii = Fritillaria verticillata var. thunbergiiT2796 Fritillaria unibracteata (Liliaceae); AN ZI BEI MU; UnibractFritillary. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Fritillaria cirrhosa.TCM Indications: See Fritillaria cirrhosa. Isolated compounds: 11002,19983, 20074, 20280, 20446.T2797 Fritillaria ussuriensis (Liliaceae); PING BEI MU; Ussuri Fritillary.Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and moisten lung, relievecough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Dry cough due to lungdryness, dry cough, yin vacuity taxation cough, cough with phlegmand blood. Isolated compounds: 618, 16773, 16774, 16776, 17379,17380, 17381, 17382, 17383, 17384, 17385, 21359.T2798 Fritillaria verticillata var. thunbergii [Syn. Fritillaria thunbergii](Liliaceae); ZHE BEI MU; Thunberg Fritillary. Used part: bulb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve phlegm, dissipate binds and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Chronic bronchitis, infection of upperrespiratory tract, tuberculosis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, externallycontracted wind-heat, phlegm fire cough, pulmonary welling abscess,mammary welling abscess, scrofula, sore toxin, depression inheart-chest. Isolated compounds: 618, 1475, 1963, 2110, 3945, 3946,6658, 6661, 7155, 7157, 7957, 9220, 9221, 11244, 11770, 12168,12169, 12181, 13984, 15767, 16773, 16774, 16775, 17337, 20056,20057, 20058, 21359, 22431, 22432, 22993, 22994, 22995, 22996,22997.T2799 Fritillaria wabuensia (Liliaceae); WA BU BEI MU; Wabu Fritillary*.Isolated compounds: 11771.T2800 Fritillaria walujewii (Liliaceae); XIN JIANG BEI MU; SinkiangFritillary. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Fritillaria pallidiflora.TCM Indications: See Fritillaria pallidiflora. Isolated compounds:11002, 22326.T2801 Frullania brasiliensis (Frullaniaceae); BA XI ER YE TAI; BrazilianEar-leaf Muscus*. Isolated compounds: 6894, 6895, 21899.Frullania moniliata = Frullania tamarisci ssp. moniliataT2802 Frullania muscicola (Frullaniaceae); KUI BAN ER YE TAI;Armet-petal Ear-leaf Muscus*. Isolated compounds: 20371.T2803 Frullania tamarisci ssp. moniliata [Syn. Frullania moniliata](Frullaniaceae); CHUAN ZHU ER YE TAI; Rosary Ear-leaf Muscus*.Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To brighten eyes, clear heart,supplement kidney. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall, blurred

450vision, vexation due to febrile disease. Isolated compounds: 20656.T2804 Fuchsia sp. (Onagraceae). Isolated compounds: 7518, 8311, 16836,20910.T2805 Fugu ocellatus (Tetraodontidae); HE TUN; Globefish. Used part: meat.TCM Effects: To supplement liver and kidney, dispel damp and relievepain. TCM Indications: Impotence, enuresis, dizziness, limp achinglumbus and knees, wind-damp impediment pain, itchy skin. Isolatedcompounds: 21210, 21211.T2806 Fuligo candida (Physaceae); LIANG BAI MEI RONG JUN; WhiteFuliga*. Isolated compounds: 4466.T2807 Fumaria officinalis (Papaveraceae); YAO YONG QIU GUO ZI JIN;Medicinal Fumaria. Isolated compounds: 2734, 4290, 7996, 7997,12952, 19284.T2808 Fumaria parviflora (Papaveraceae); XIAO HUA QIU GUO ZI JIN;Fine-leaved Fumitory. Isolated compounds: 4290, 5708, 16663.T2809 Fumaria schleicheri (Papaveraceae); YAN JIN; Schleicher Fumitory.Isolated compounds: 16446, 16663.T2810 Fumaria vaillantii (Papaveraceae); WEI LAN QIU GUO ZI JIN;Few-flowered Fumitory. Isolated compounds: 5708, 12602, 16663.T2811 Funtumia elastica (Apocynaceae); SI JIAO SHU; Silk-rubber Tree.Isolated compounds: 8010.T2812 Fusarium acutatum. Isolated compounds: 14451.T2813 Fusarium equiseta. Isolated compounds: 7221.T2814 Fusarium nivale. Isolated compounds: 15633.T2815 Fusarium roseum. Isolated compounds: 22618.T2816 Fusarium sp. Isolated compounds: 14719, 19296.T2817 Fusarium tricinctum. Isolated compounds: 22070.T2818 Fuscoporia obliqua (Polyporaceae); HUA HE KONG JUN; ObliqueFuscoporia*. Isolated compounds: 8033.GT2819 Gackstroemia decipiens (Lepidolaenaceae); Liverwort. Isolatedcompounds: 164, 6109, 6110, 7141, 7165, 7175, 10582, 10678, 10679,21829.T2820 Gaillardia pulchella (Asteraceae); TIAN REN JU; Rosering Gaillardia.Isolated compounds: 8047, 14205.T2821 Galanthus elwelii (Amaryllidaceae); DA XUE HUA LIAN; GiantSnowdrop. Isolated compounds: 15750.T2822 Galanthus nivalis (Amaryllidaceae); XUE HUA LIAN; Snowdrop.Isolated compounds: 8083, 15288.T2823 Galanthus plicatus ssp. byzantinus (Amaryllidaceae); TU ER QI XUEHUA LIAN; Turkish Snowdrop*. Isolated compounds: 8084, 17560,19633.T2824 Galega officinalis (Fabaceae); SHAN YANG DOU; Common Goatsrue.Isolated compounds: 8091, 10271, 11965.T2825 Galeobdolon chinense [Syn. Lamium chinense] (Lamiaceae); XIAOYE ZHI MA; China Weasel-snout. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects:To stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 580, 1496.T2826 Galeola faberi (Orchidaceae); SHAN HU LAN; Faber Galeola. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,regulate menstruation and stanch bleeding, promote astriction andstem desertion. TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, dysentery withpus and blood, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, poisonoussnake bite, menstrual disorder, flooding and spotting, prolapse ofuterus, prolapse of rectum. Isolated compounds: 2453, 8237, 9833,14056.T2827 Galipea bracteata (Rutaceae); BAO PIAN TU LA SHU; BracteoleGalipea*. Isolated compounds: 16898, 17940.T2828 Galipea longiflora (Rutaceae); CHANG HUA TU LA SHU;Longflower Galipea*. Isolated compounds: 16898, 17135, 17940.T2829 Galipea officinalis (Rutaceae); AN GU SI TU LA SHU;Angostura-bark Tree. Isolated compounds: 4421.T2830 Galium aparine (Rubiaceae); BA XIAN CAO; Catchweed Bedstraw.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, dissipate stasis,disperse swelling, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Strangury-turbidity,hematuria, knocks and falls, intestinal welling abscess, swollen boil,otitis media. Isolated compounds: 1892, 6454, 9458, 11812.T2831 Galium glaucum (Rubiaceae); FEN LU ZHU YANG YANG; GlaucousBedstraw*. Isolated compounds: 14933.T2832 Galium mollugo (Rubiaceae); SU ZHU YANG YANG; HedgeBedstraw. Isolated compounds: 9458, 14901.T2833 Galium rivale (Rubiaceae); XI LIU ZHU YANG YANG; RiverBedstraw*. Isolated compounds: 18850, 18851, 18852.T2834 Galium sp. (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 899, 901, 13041, 18222.T2835 Galium verum (Rubiaceae); PENG ZI CAI; Yellow Bedstraw. Usedpart: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, move bloodand relieve itch. TCM Indications: Hepatitis, painful swelling throatmoth, clove sore and swollen boil, paddy field dermatitis, urticaria,knocks and falls, blood qi pain. Isolated compounds: 1892, 3551,14805, 16578, 17169, 17470, 19000.T2836 Gallus gallus domesticus (Phasianidae); JI NAO; Chicken Brain. Usedpart: brain. TCM Effects: To extinguish wind and check tetany. TCMIndications: Difficult delivery, child fright epilepsy, infant night crying.Isolated compounds: 2373, 3511.T2837 Gallus gallus domesticus (Phasianidae); JI ROU; Chicken. Used part:meat. TCM Effects: To warm center, boost qi, supplement essence andreplenish marrow. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with markedemaciation, weakness during convalescence, reduced food intake,stomach reflux, diarrhea and dysentery, diabetes mellitus, edema,frequent urination, flooding and spotting, vaginal discharge,postpartum scant milk. Isolated compounds: 14490.T2838 Gallus gallus domesticus (Phasianidae); JI NEI JIN; Chicken’s GizzardEndothelium. Used part: dried lining membrane of gizzard. TCMEffects: To fortify spleen and disperse food, rough essence and arrestemission, disperse concretion and transform stone. TCM Indications:Indigestion, food stagnation, vomiting nausea, diarrhea and dysentery,child gan accumulation, emission, enuresis, frequent urination,calculus of urinary system, gallstones, amenorrhea with concretion andconglomeration, throat impediment with nipple moth, gan of teeth andgum, mouth sore. Isolated compounds: 1048, 1350.T2839 Gallus gallus domesticus (Phasianidae); JI ZI BAI; Hen’sEgg-albumen. Used part: egg white. TCM Effects: To moisten lungand disinhibit throat, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Deep-lying heat sore pharynx, aphonia, red eyes, vexation and fullness,cough and counterflow, dysentery, jaundice, swelling toxin of sore and

451welling abscess, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 1042, 13126.T2840 Gallus gallus domesticus (Phasianidae); JI ZI HUANG; Hen’s EggYolk. Used part: egg yolk. TCM Effects: To enrich yin and moistendryness, nourish blood and extinguish wind. TCM Indications:Insomnia and vexation, febrile diseases tetanic reversal, vacuitytaxation blood ejection, retching counterflow, dysentery, scalds, heatsore, hepatitis, child indigestion. Isolated compounds: 1042, 13126,15528.T2841 Gallus gallus domesticus (Phasianidae); JI ZI KE; Hen’s Egg Shell.Used part: egg shell. TCM Effects: To promote astriction, inhibit acid,strengthen bones, stanch bleeding, brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Stomach duck pain, stomach reflux, acid vomiting, rachitis in children,various hemorrhage, eye screen, gan sore pox toxin. Isolatedcompounds: 17730.T2842 Galtonia candicans (Liliaceae); XIA FENG XIN ZI; Summer-hyacinth.Isolated compounds: 1578, 3724, 6107, 7081, 8691, 8699.T2843 Gambeya boukokoensis (Sapotaceae). Isolated compounds: 8129, 8130,8131.T2844 Ganoderma applanatum (Polyporaceae); SHU SHE; Tongue-on-tree.Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To eliminate inflammation,anticancer. TCM Indications: Pharyngolaryngitis, carcinoma ofesophagus, nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 6168,8163, 8164, 10759, 14231, 14397, 14456, 14458, 14459, 21100,21859.T2845 Ganoderma capense (Polyporaceae); BAO GAI LING ZHI; CapeGanoderma. Isolated compounds: 8192, 8193, 8194.T2846 Ganoderma japonicum [Syn. Ganoderma sinense] (Polyporaceae); ZIZHI; Japanese Ganoderma. Used part: dried sporocarp. TCM Effects:See Ganoderma lucidum. TCM Indications: See Ganoderma lucidum.Isolated compounds: 7250, 7996, 8753.T2847 Ganoderma lipsiense (Polyporaceae). Isolated compounds: 8162,8172.T2848 Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae); LING ZHI; Lucid Ganoderma.Equivalent plant: Ganoderma japonicum. Used part: dried sporocarp.TCM Effects: To boost qi-blood, quiet heart and spirit, fortify spleenand stomach, lower cholesterol. TCM Indications: Hyperlipemia,coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, septicemia, carcinoma,hepatitis, vacuity taxation, palpitation, insomnia, dizziness, fatiguehypodynamia, enduring cough and asthma, chronic bronchitis, silicosis.Isolated compounds: 618, 618, 4743, 5608, 5619, 5620, 5946, 7246,7250, 7251, 8148, 8149, 8150, 8151, 8152, 8153, 8154, 8155, 8156,8157, 8158, 8159, 8160, 8161, 8165, 8166, 8167, 8168, 8169, 8170,8171, 8173, 8174, 8175, 8176, 8177, 8178, 8179, 8180, 8181, 8182,8183, 8184, 8185, 8186, 8187, 8188, 8189, 8190, 8191, 8195, 8196,8197, 8198, 8199, 8200, 10320, 12482, 12483, 12484, 12485, 12486,13019, 13020, 13021, 13023, 13024, 13025, 13026, 13027, 13028,13029, 13030, 13031, 13032, 13033, 13034, 13035, 13036, 13037,13038, 13039, 13040, 13048, 13049, 13050, 13052, 14231, 14237,14457, 14460, 14559, 14560, 14561, 14562, 14563, 14564, 14565,16335, 16336, 18841, 22068, 22069.Ganoderma sinense = Ganoderma japonicumT2849 Garcinia afzelii (Clusiaceae); A FU ZE LI SHAN ZHU ZI; AfzeliGarcinia*. Isolated compounds: 679, 680.T2850 Garcinia bancana (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 8218, 21132.T2851 Garcinia cambogia (Clusiaceae); TENG HUANG SHAN ZHU ZI;Camboge Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 8218.T2852 Garcinia cowa (Clusiaceae); YUN NAN SHAN ZHU ZI; YunnanGarcinia. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, expel worms. TCM Indications: Eczema, stomatitis,periodontitis, ulcerating welling abscess and sore, burns and scalds,leech in nose. Isolated compounds: 4195, 4196, 4197, 4198, 4199,4200, 4201, 4202, 5974, 7974, 13495, 15728, 21768, 21780.T2853 Garcinia dulcis (Clusiaceae); TIAN SHAN ZHU ZI; Dulcin Garcinia*.Isolated compounds: 1476, 2334, 2685, 2685, 3029, 3475, 3850, 4196,4200, 4202, 4202, 4220, 5227, 5276, 5926, 5926, 6622, 6623, 6624,6625, 6626, 6627, 6628, 6629, 6630, 6631, 6633, 6853, 7991, 8218,8218, 8219, 8219, 8221, 8235, 8246, 10662, 10803, 10887, 11514,11527, 11564, 12018, 12060, 13088, 13492, 13492, 13493, 14969,14969, 14988, 14988, 15951, 17588, 18674, 18755, 20150, 21481,21768, 22581, 22609, 22759, 22760.T2854 Garcinia eugenifolia (Clusiaceae); ZHEN YE TENG HUANG;Realleaf Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 6011.T2855 Garcinia gaudichaudii (Clusiaceae); GAO DI CHA SHAN ZHU ZI;Gaudicha Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 8239.T2856 Garcinia griffithii (Clusiaceae); GE LI FEI SI TENG HUANG;Griffith Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 9091.T2857 Garcinia hanburyi (Clusiaceae); TENG HUANG SHU; HanburyGarcinia*. Used part: resin. TCM Effects: To attack toxin, disperseswelling, eliminate putridity and close sores, stanch bleeding, killworms. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and flatabscess, ulcer, damp sore, carcinoma, intractable lichen, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, scalds.Isolated compounds: 5175, 8128, 8238, 9207, 11433, 11542, 14967,14968, 14970, 15394.T2858 Garcinia hombroniana (Clusiaceae); SHAN FENG GUO;Mountainous Garcinia. Isolated compounds: 10128, 10572, 14303,14781.T2859 Garcinia indica (Clusiaceae); YIN DU TENG HUANG; IndianGarcinia*. Isolated compounds: 8218.T2860 Garcinia kola (Clusiaceae); KE LE TENG HUANG; Kola Garcinia*.Isolated compounds: 9393, 12255, 12256.T2861 Garcinia linii (Clusiaceae); TAI WAN LV DAO TENG HUANG;Lanyu Garcinia. Isolated compounds: 2005, 2694, 5841, 5843, 6010,6165, 6181, 6183, 8203, 8204, 8205, 8556, 10462, 12886, 12887,12888, 13808, 14572, 18754.T2862 Garcinia macrophylla (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9089, 9090.T2863 Garcinia mangostana (Clusiaceae); DAO NIAN ZI; Mangosteen.Isolated compounds: 1277, 1928, 2685, 4196, 5064, 5276, 5276, 5925,5926, 5926, 6158, 6629, 6853, 8206, 8207, 8208, 8209, 8219, 8219,8220, 8221, 8221, 8222, 8222, 8235, 10199, 10250, 11526, 11526,11527, 13296, 13484, 13485, 13486, 13487, 13488, 13489, 13490,13491, 13492, 13492, 13492, 13493, 13493, 13494, 13494, 13495,13496, 14577, 15715, 17866, 17867, 17869, 17888, 21133, 21358,21481, 21503, 21723.T2864 Garcinia mannii (Clusiaceae); MAN TENG HUANG; Mann Garcinia*.Isolated compounds: 13502, 22759.

452T2865 Garcinia merguensis (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13782.T2866 Garcinia morella (Clusiaceae); TENG HUANG; Gamboge Tree Resin.Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: To disperse swelling and resolvetoxin, stanch bleeding and kill worms. TCM Indications: Swellingtoxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, intractable lichen, malignsore, bleeding due to external injury, gan of teeth and gum, burns andscalds. Isolated compounds: 5196, 5651, 7401, 8128, 11540, 11541,11659, 14967, 14968, 14969, 15394.T2867 Garcinia multiflora (Clusiaceae); SHAN ZHU ZI; ManyflowerGarcinia. Used part: bark or fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat andengender liquid. TCM Indications: Stomach heat fluid damage,vomiting, thirst, lung heat qi counterflow, incessant cough. Isolatedcompounds: 2382, 2383, 5505, 5506, 5819, 6165, 7991, 8210, 8211,8243, 8244, 8245, 8246, 9543, 13296, 14969, 15279, 15715, 20158,21082, 21125, 21715, 22609, 22760.T2868 Garcinia nigrolineata (Clusiaceae); HEI XIAN TIAO TENG HUANG;Nigroline Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 1135, 2595, 5184, 5276,5925, 5926, 7951, 12560, 15572, 15573, 15574, 15575, 15576, 15577,15578, 15579, 15580, 15581, 15582, 15583, 15584, 15585, 15586,15587, 15588, 15589, 15590, 15591, 15592, 18755, 21482, 21747,21748.T2869 Garcinia ovalifolia (Clusiaceae); LUAN YE TENG HUANG;Ovateleaf Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 9857, 22759.T2870 Garcinia polyantha (Clusiaceae); DUO HUA TENG HUANG;Manyflower Garcinia*. Isolated compounds: 2135, 2136.T2871 Garcinia pseudoguttifera (Clusiaceae); FEI JI TENG HUANG; FijiGarcinia*. Isolated compounds: 15224, 15225, 18027, 22550.T2872 Garcinia scortechinii (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 19546, 19547,19548, 19549, 19550, 19551, 19552, 19553, 19554, 19555, 19556,19557, 19558, 19559, 19560, 19561.T2873 Garcinia smeathmannii (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 20018,20019.T2874 Garcinia sp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13809.T2875 Garcinia speciosa (Clusiaceae); MEI LI TENG HUANG; BeautifulGarcinia*. Isolated compounds: 274, 467, 536, 537, 5276, 5947, 6853,7125, 7126, 7127, 8223, 8224, 8225, 8226, 10571, 10572, 14298,14299, 14302, 14315, 14407, 14518.T2876 Garcinia spp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6181.T2877 Garcinia subelliptica (Clusiaceae); FU MU. Isolated compounds: 8213,8214, 8215, 8216, 8217.T2878 Garcinia vilersiana (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 8558, 9994,14467, 20435, 20436, 20526, 21960.T2879 Garcinia virgata (Clusiaceae); DUO ZHI ZHI TENG HUANG.Isolated compounds: 5965, 6415, 6416, 9003, 21417, 22524, 22525.T2880 Garcinia xanthochymus (Clusiaceae); DA YE TENG HUANG;Yellowjuice Garcinia. Isolated compounds: 8212, 9994, 11782, 13808,21099, 21168, 21783, 22759.Gardenia florida = Gardenia jasminoidesT2881 Gardenia gummifera (Rubiaceae); JIAO ZHI ZI; Gummy Gardenia*.Isolated compounds: 13264.T2882 Gardenia jasminoides [Syn. Gardenia florida] (Rubiaceae); ZHI ZI;Cape Jasmine Fruit. Used part: ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To drain fireand relieve dysphoria, clear heat and disinhibit urine, eliminate heat inblood, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Acute icterohepatitis, febrilediseases, vexation, melancholia, restlessness, stagnation of damp-heatin liver and gall, fever, jaundice, short voidings of reddish urine, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, dysentery with hematocheziaand hematuria. Isolated compounds: 397, 1792, 1892, 2925, 3551,4160, 4245, 4249, 4716, 4717, 5411, 5412, 5414, 7070, 8227, 8228,8230, 8231, 8234, 8273, 8274, 8276, 8277, 10596, 14282, 14296,14605, 14691, 14722, 15660, 17331, 19455, 19795, 19983, 22270.T2883 Gardenia jasminoides [Syn. Gardenia florida] (Rubiaceae); ZHI ZI YE;Cape Jasmine Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To disperse swellingand resolve toxin, dispel wind and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, toxin of clove sore, hemorrhoids, chancre. Isolatedcompounds: 6829, 8276.T2884 Gardenia jasminoides var. grandiflora (Rubiaceae); SHUI ZHI;Bigflower Cape Jasmine. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Heat toxin, jaundice, nosebleed(epistaxis), nephritis with edema,sprain and contusion. Isolated compounds: 4249, 4717, 6632, 8231,8274, 8276, 13504.T2885 Gardenia jasminoides var. grandiflora (Rubiaceae); SHUI ZHI YE;Bigflower Cape Jasmine Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Todisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 6632, 8276.T2886 Gardenia sp. (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 107.T2887 Gardenia thailandica (Rubiaceae); TAI GUO ZHI ZI; ThailandGardenia*. Isolated compounds: 6072, 6149, 8229, 9952, 10163,10597, 18294, 21233.T2888 Garrya ovata var. lindheimeri (Garryaceae). Isolated compounds:16279.T2889 Garrya veatchii (Garryaceae). Isolated compounds: 22360.T2890 Gastrodia elata (Orchidaceae); TIAN MA; Tall Gastrodia. Used part:stem and tuber. TCM Effects: To extinguish wind and check tetany,calm liver and subdue yang, dispel wind and free network vessels.TCM Indications: Convulsion, child convulsion, spasm in limbs, facialmuscle spasm, trigeminal neuralgia, numbness in limbs, acute frightwind, chronic fright wind, tetanus, dizziness, headache, hemiplegia,hypertension, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds: 2458,2459, 3766, 4680, 5866, 7412, 8236, 8237, 9486, 9815, 9833, 9839,9849, 9850, 17968, 19983, 20444, 20446, 22034, 22336, 22346.T2891 Gaultheria fragrantissima (Ericaceae); FANG XIANG BAI ZHU;Fragrant Gaultheria. Isolated compounds: 8242, 13250, 13977.T2892 Gaultheria griffithiana (Ericaceae); WEI YE BAI ZHU; LongAcuminate Leaves Gaultheria. Isolated compounds: 8242, 13250,13977.T2893 Gaultheria leucocarpa var. cumingiana (Ericaceae); BAI ZHU SHU;CommonGaultheria. Isolated compounds: 8242, 13250, 13977.T2894 Gaultheria tetramera (Ericaceae); SI LIE BAI ZHU; Four SepalsGaultheria. Isolated compounds: 8242, 13250, 13977.T2895 Gaultheria yunnanensis (Ericaceae); DIAN BAI ZHU SHU; YunnanGaultheria. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain, quickenblood and free network vessels, relieve cough and transform phlegm.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, stomach cold pain,

453knocks and falls, cough with profuse phlegm. Isolated compounds:8240, 8241, 8242, 11479, 13250, 13976, 13977, 19187.T2896 Gelasinospora santi-florii ; Fungus Gelasinospora santi-florii. Isolatedcompounds: 3164, 10527.T2897 Gelsemium elegans (Loganiaceae); GOU WEN; Graceful Jessamine.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and attack toxin,disperse swelling and relieve pain, anticancer (itself with high toxicity).TCM Indications: Nose carcinoma, eczema, neuralgia, wind-dampimpediment pain, scab and lai, scrofula, clove sore, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 161, 824, 825, 5253, 5254, 5661, 6738, 7039,8252, 8253, 8254, 8255, 8257, 8258, 8260, 8261, 9658, 9659, 9660,9661, 10000, 10001, 10002, 10003, 10004, 10010, 10136, 10168,10169, 10671, 12288, 12289, 12290, 13938, 13948, 13961, 16338,18543, 20579.T2898 Gelsemium rankinii (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9660.T2899 Gelsemium sempervirens (Loganiaceae); CHANG LV GOU WEN;Carolina Jasmine. Isolated compounds: 8256, 8257, 9016, 9017, 9018,9019, 10698, 19697.T2900 Genipa americana (Rubiaceae); JING NI PING; Genipa. Isolatedcompounds: 8231, 8266, 8267, 8268, 8269, 8272, 8273, 8274, 8275,8276, 8277.T2901 Genista tinctoria (Fabaceae); RAN LIAO MU; Common Woadwaxen.Isolated compounds: 8278, 8282.T2902 Gentiana algida (Gentianaceae); BAI HUA LONG DAN; AlpineGentian. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To drain fireand resolve toxin, suppress cough, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, lung heat cough, sore pharynx, red eyes,dribbling pain of urination, scrotal eczema. Isolated compounds: 1343,5676, 5772, 6321, 7855, 8297, 8603.T2903 Gentiana bavarica (Gentianaceae); BA FA LI YA LONG DAN;Bavarian Gentian. Isolated compounds: 20510.T2904 Gentiana brachyphylla (Gentianaceae); DUAN YE LONG DAN;Shortleaf Gentian*. Isolated compounds: 20510.T2905 Gentiana burseri (Gentianaceae); BU SHI LONG DAN; BurserGentian*. Isolated compounds: 8304.T2906 Gentiana campestris (Gentianaceae); TIAN YE LONG DAN; MeadowGentian. Isolated compounds: 2220, 15718, 15800, 20511.T2907 Gentiana caucasa (Gentianaceae); GAO JIA SUO LONG DAN;Caucasian Gentian*. Isolated compounds: 8293.T2908 Gentiana cephalantha (Gentianaceae); TOU HUA LONG DAN;Headflower Gentian. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeGentiana scabra. TCM Indications: See Gentiana scabra. Isolatedcompounds: 8304, 20509.T2909 Gentiana crassicaulis (Gentianaceae); CU JING QIN JIAO; ThickstemGentian. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: See Gentianamacrophylla. TCM Indications: See Gentiana macrophylla. Isolatedcompounds: 8297, 8304, 12949, 20503, 20509.T2910 Gentiana dahurica (Gentianaceae); DA WU LI QIN JIAO; DahuriaGentian. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: See Gentianamacrophylla. TCM Indications: See Gentiana macrophylla. Isolatedcompounds: 8297, 8304.T2911 Gentiana germanica (Gentianaceae); DE GUO LONG DAN; GermanGentian. Isolated compounds: 20511.T2912 Gentiana japonica (Gentianaceae); RI BEN LONG DAN; JapaneseGentian*. Isolated compounds: 20510.T2913 Gentiana kaufmanniana (Gentianaceae); ZHONG YA QIN JIAO;Central Asia Gentian. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: SeeGentiana macrophylla. TCM Indications: See Gentiana macrophylla.Isolated compounds: 8293.T2914 Gentiana kochiana (Gentianaceae); KU HE LONG DAN; KochGentian*. Isolated compounds: 8290, 14732, 20510.T2915 Gentiana kuroo (Gentianaceae); KU RUO LONG DAN; KurooGentian*. Isolated compounds: 19540.T2916 Gentiana lactea (Gentianaceae); RU BAI LONG DAN; MilkyGentian*. Isolated compounds: 2220, 20502.T2917 Gentiana leptoclada (Gentianaceae); MAN ZHI LONG DAN; SpreadGentian. Isolated compounds: 8304.T2918 Gentiana lutea (Gentianaceae); HUANG LONG DAN; YellowGentian. Isolated compounds: 1017, 1110, 1113, 2335, 6011, 7339,8304, 8306, 10124, 11436, 12889, 12890, 13098, 13916, 19631,19632, 22261, 22267, 22289.T2919 Gentiana macrophylla (Gentianaceae); QIN JIAO; Largeleaf Gentian.Equivalent plant: Gentiana crassicaulis, Gentiana straminea,Gentiana dahurica, Gentiana tianschanica, Gentiana tibetica,Gentiana kaufmanniana, Gentiana siphonantha. Used part: dried root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, clear damp heat, relieve pain dueto impediment. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, aching pain in joints, lateafternoon tidal fever, child gan accumulation with fever. Isolatedcompounds: 7335, 7336, 8296, 8297, 8304, 8636, 12344, 13322,13323, 13324, 13840, 14606, 18292, 18861.T2920 Gentiana makinoi (Gentianaceae); MU YE LONG DAN; PastureGentian*. Isolated compounds: 8302.T2921 Gentiana manshurica (Gentianaceae); DONG BEI LONG DAN;Linearleaf Gentian. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeGentiana scabra. TCM Indications: See Gentiana scabra. Isolatedcompounds: 1017, 1020, 8304, 20509.T2922 Gentiana nivalis (Gentianaceae); XUE LONG DAN; Snaw Gentian.Isolated compounds: 8290, 20510.T2923 Gentiana olgae (Gentianaceae); AO LIE GE LONG DAN; OlgaGentian*. Isolated compounds: 8292, 8293.T2924 Gentiana olivieri (Gentianaceae); AO SHI LONG DAN; OlivierGentian*. Isolated compounds: 8292, 8293, 8295.T2925 Gentiana pedicellata (Gentianaceae); HUA GENG LONG DAN;Pedicellate Gentian. Isolated compounds: 16761, 16762.T2926 Gentiana ramosa (Gentianaceae); DUO ZHI LONG DAN; RamoseGentian*. Isolated compounds: 20511.T2927 Gentiana rhodantha (Gentianaceae); HONG HUA LONG DAN;Redflower Gentian. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma due to lung heat, consumption coughwith phlegm and blood, jaundice, dysentery, bloody stool, inhibitedurination, postpartum fever, infant fright wind, gan accumulation,toxin swelling of sores, burns and scalds, snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 8304, 20509.T2928 Gentiana rigescens (Gentianaceae); DIAN LONG DAN; Rigescent

454Gentian. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Gentianascabra. TCM Indications: See Gentiana scabra. Isolated compounds:1017, 1020, 8294, 8296, 8297, 8304, 19983, 20509.T2929 Gentiana robusta (Gentianaceae); CU ZHUANG LONG DAN; RobustGentian*. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20509.T2930 Gentiana scabra (Gentianaceae); LONG DAN; Rough Gentian.Equivalent plant: Gentiana manshurica, Gentiana triflora, Gentianarigescens, Gentiana cephalantha. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: To clear heat and dry damp, drain liver and settle fright, lowerblood pressure. TCM Indications: Acute icterohepatitis, urinary tractinfection, acute conjunctivitis, dribbling pain of urination, damp-heatjaundice, genital swelling and itch, damp-heat vaginal discharge,distended head and headache due to liver-gallbladder repletion fire,red eyes with gall, deafness, swelling in ear, pain in rib-side, bittertaste, fright wind and convulsion. Isolated compounds: 1017, 1020,8297, 8298, 8303, 8304, 8305, 8603, 8635, 8636, 12949, 16087,18848, 19448, 20503, 20509, 21630.T2931 Gentiana scabra var. buesgeri (Gentianaceae); CU CAO LONG DAN;Scabrous Gentian*. Isolated compounds: 8304.T2932 Gentiana siphonantha (Gentianaceae); GUAN HUA QIN JIAO;Tubeflower Gentian. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: SeeGentiana macrophylla. TCM Indications: See Gentiana macrophylla.Isolated compounds: 8297.T2933 Gentiana sp. (Gentianaceae). Isolated compounds: 8307.T2934 Gentiana straminea (Gentianaceae); MA HUA JIAO; Straw-colouredGentian. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: See Gentianamacrophylla. TCM Indications: See Gentiana macrophylla. Isolatedcompounds: 8297, 8304.T2935 Gentiana thunbergii (Gentianaceae); ZAN SHI LONG DAN;Thunberg Gentian*. Isolated compounds: 14982, 20708.T2936 Gentiana tianschanica (Gentianaceae); TIAN SHAN QIN JIAO;Tianshan Mountain Gentian. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: SeeGentiana macrophylla. TCM Indications: See Gentiana macrophylla.Isolated compounds: 8293, 8297, 8303.T2937 Gentiana tibetica (Gentianaceae); XI ZANG QIN JIAO; Tibet Gentian.Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: See Gentiana macrophylla. TCMIndications: See Gentiana macrophylla. Isolated compounds: 7435,8291, 8297, 10174, 11435, 11517, 13321.T2938 Gentiana triflora (Gentianaceae); SAN HUA LONG DAN;Threeflower Gentian. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeGentiana scabra. TCM Indications: See Gentiana scabra. Isolatedcompounds: 1020, 8304.T2939 Gentiana turkestanorum (Gentianaceae); TU ER QI SI TAN LONGDAN; Turkestan Gentian*. Isolated compounds: 8292, 8293, 8295.T2940 Gentianella nitida (Gentianaceae); GUANG LIANG JIA LONG DAN;Shining Gentianella*. Isolated compounds: 1019, 4845.T2941 Gentianopsis paludosa (Gentianaceae); SHI SHENG BIAN LEI;Swampy Gentianopsis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Commoncold with fever, hepatitis, cholecystitis, nephropyelitis, red eyes withgall, infant diarrhea, swelling toxin of sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 13137, 22270.Geradia japonica = Phtheirospermum japonicumT2942 Geraea canescens. Isolated compounds: 21711, 21857.T2943 Geranium nepalense (Geraniaceae); NI BO ER LAO GUAN CAO;Nepal Cranesbill. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Geraniumwilfordii. TCM Indications: See Geranium wilfordii. Isolatedcompounds: 12018.T2944 Geranium pratense (Geraniaceae); CAO YUAN LAO GUAN CAO;Meadow Cranesbill. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeGeranium wilfordii. TCM Indications: See Geranium wilfordii.Isolated compounds: 1047, 3490, 5519, 6853, 8095, 8109.T2945 Geranium pratense ssp. funitimum (Geraniaceae); QU YU CAO DILAO GUAN CAO. Isolated compounds: 3550, 15178.T2946 Geranium robertianum (Geraniaceae); XIAN XI LAO GUAN CAO;Robert Cranesbill. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, sprain and contusion,swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, measles papules, prolapse ofuterus. Isolated compounds: 16836.T2947 Geranium sibiricum (Geraniaceae); SHU ZHANG LAO GUAN CAO;Siberian Cranesbill. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: SeeGeranium wilfordii. TCM Indications: See Geranium wilfordii.Isolated compounds: 6757, 8095.T2948 Geranium sp. (Geraniaceae). Isolated compounds: 8311.T2949 Geranium wilfordii (Geraniaceae); LAO GUAN CAO; WilfordCranesbill. Equivalent plant: Erodium stephanianum, Geraniumsibiricum, Geranium nepalense, Geranium pratense. Used part: aerialparts. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, free channels and networkvessels, check dysentery and diarrhea. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, hypertonicity and numbness, aching sinews andbones, diarrhea and dysentery. Isolated compounds: 10887.T2950 Gerbera anandria [Syn. Leibnitzia anandria] (Asteraceae); DA DINGCAO; Gerbera. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Lung heat cough, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, heat strangury, pain injoints due to rheumatalgia, swelling toxin of welling abscess and boil,ulcer of lower limb, snake or insect bites, bleeding due to externalinjury. Isolated compounds: 5918, 5994, 8333, 8334, 14255, 14256.T2951 Gerbera jamesonii (Asteraceae); FU LANG HUA; Flameray Gerbera.Isolated compounds: 1102, 22465.T2952 Gerbera piloselloides (Asteraceae); MAO DA DING CAO; PiloseGerbera. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Tylophora ovata. TCMIndications: See Tylophora ovata. Isolated compounds: 4530, 5142,5396, 5397, 10254, 10646, 17366, 17367.T2953 Gerronema spp. Isolated compounds: 8360, 8361, 8362, 8363, 8364,8365.T2954 Getonia floribunda (Combretaceae); Nguang-Chum; Duang-Sum(local names). Isolated compounds: 3940, 3941.T2955 Geum japonicum (Rosaceae); SHUI YANG MEI; Japanese Avens.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity and boostkidney, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Exteriorvacuity and common cold, dizziness and dim vision, lassitude in limbs,emission, impotence, cough with blood ejection, vacuity cold andabdominal pain, menstrual disorder, swelling of sores, fracture.Isolated compounds: 6178, 8250, 8263, 15539, 20910.

455T2956 Geum japonicum (Rosaceae); SHUI YANG MEI GEN; Japanese AvensRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity and boostkidney, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: wind-coldcommon cold, diarrhea and dysentery, kidney vacuity dizziness.Isolated compounds: 8250.T2957 Geum sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 15477.T2958 Geum urbanum (Rosaceae); XIANG CAO SHUI YANG MEI; HerbBennet. Isolated compounds: 18265.T2959 Gibberella fujikuroi TENG CANG CHI MEI. Isolated compounds:272, 5872, 5873, 10084, 21725.T2960 Gibberella zeae DAO CHI MEI JUN. Isolated compounds: 22974.T2961 Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae); BAI GUO; Ginkgo Nut. Used part: nut.TCM Effects: To constrain lung and settle asthma, check turbidvaginal discharge, reduce urine. TCM Indications: AD syndrome,primary degenerative dementia of Alzheimer disease, multi-infarctdementia, improving cognitive function in elderly dementia patients,stable intermittent claudication, cerebrovascular insufficiency diseases,cough with profuse phlegm, vaginal discharge, enuresis and frequenturination. Isolated compounds: 1030, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1845, 2379,2380, 3140, 3188, 3209, 3308, 3316, 3435, 6853, 6867, 7882, 8102,8401, 8403, 8404, 8405, 8407, 9202, 9718, 11648, 12020, 12891,13823, 13858, 15659, 15664, 15935, 17931, 18317, 18421, 18834,19087, 19805, 19983, 20369.T2962 Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae); BAI GUO GEN; Ginkgo Root. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To boost qi and supplement vacuity. TCMIndications: Emission, enuresis, frequent urination at night, vaginaldischarge, stone strangury. Isolated compounds: 8404, 8405, 8406,8408.T2963 Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae); BAI GUO SHU PI; Ginkgo Bark. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To boost qi and supplement vacuity. TCMIndications: Copper coin lichen, psoriasis. Isolated compounds: 2378.T2964 Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae); BAI GUO YE; Ginkgo Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and nourish heart, constrain lungand astringe intestines. TCM Indications: Coronary heart disease,angina pectoris, hypercholesterolemia, Parkinson’s disease, peripheralarterial diseases, chest impediment and heart pain, cough of phlegmasthma, diarrhea and dysentery, vaginal discharge, emission, retinalinsufficiency syndrome. Isolated compounds: 1128, 1476, 1935, 2376,2379, 6854, 7820, 8098, 8401, 8402, 8403, 8404, 8405, 8406, 9389,11439, 11440, 11642, 11648, 11654, 11658, 11669, 12020, 12032,12033, 12053, 12082, 15525, 15659, 15668, 18317, 18335, 18336,18365, 18411, 19514, 19757, 20561, 20565.T2965 Gladiolus sp. (Iridaceae). Isolated compounds: 16781.T2966 Glaucium corniculatum (Papaveraceae); XIAO JIAO HAI YING SU;Black-spot Hornpoppy. Isolated compounds: 4106.T2967 Glaucium davum (Papaveraceae); HUANG HUA HAI YING SU;Yellowflower Hornpoppy*. Isolated compounds: 8513.T2968 Glaucium fimbrilligerum (Papaveraceae); HAI YING SU; CiliateHornpoppy*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To settle pain andsuppress cough. Isolated compounds: 4106.T2969 Glaucium flavum (Papaveraceae); HUANG HAI YING SU; YellowHornpoppy*. Isolated compounds: 2734, 4923, 7996.T2970 Glaucium oxylobum (Papaveraceae); JIAN LIE HAI YING SU;Acutelobed Hornpoppy. Isolated compounds: 16339.T2971 Glaucium pulchrum (Papaveraceae); MEI LI HAI YING SU; BeautifulHornpoppy*. Isolated compounds: 2734.T2972 Glaucium spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T2973 Glechoma longituba (Lamiaceae); JIN XIAN CAO; Longtube GroundIvy. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To disinhibit damp and freestrangury, clear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperseswelling, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Heat strangury,stone strangury, damp-heat jaundice, swelling pain of welling abscessand sore, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 11602, 13774, 13775,17400, 18190, 20995.T2974 Glechoma lungituba (Lamiaceae); LIAN QIAN CAO. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit damp and free strangury, clearheat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Heat strangury, stone strangury, damp-heat jaundice,swelling and pain of sore and welling abscess, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 22270.T2975 Gleditsia delavayi (Fabaceae); YUN NAN ZAO JIA; DelacayHoneylocust. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To break phlegm andopen orifices, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Windstroke, epilepsy, phlegm reversal with stupor, cough asthma qithphlegm-drool and atrophicexuberant, malign sore. Isolated compounds:8528.T2976 Gleditsia fera (Fabaceae); HUA NAN ZAO JIA; South ChinaHoneyloeust. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To break phlegm andopen orifices, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Windstroke (apoplexy), epilepsy, phlegm reversal with stupor, coughasthma qith phlegm-drool and atrophicexuberant, malign sore. Isolatedcompounds: 6689.Gleditsia horrida = Gleditsia sinensisT2977 Gleditsia monosperma (Fabaceae); DAN ZHONG ZAO JIA;Monoseed Honeylocust*. Isolated compounds: 18857.T2978 Gleditsia sinensis [Syn. Gleditsia horrida] (Fabaceae); ZAO JIA;Chinese Honeylocust. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To relieve coughand dispel phlegm, open orifices, kill worms and dissipate binds. TCMIndications: Cough of phlegm asthma, wind stroke clenched jaw,phlegm-drool and congesting lung, clouded spirit with loss of speech,epilepsy, throat impediment, urinary and fecal stoppage, swollenwelling abscess, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 6689, 8526,8527, 8528, 8529, 8530, 8531, 8532, 8533, 8534, 8535, 8536, 8537,8538, 8539, 8540, 8541, 8542, 8543, 8544, 11773, 16050, 20369,21511.T2979 Gleditsia sinensis [Syn. Gleditsia horrida] (Fabaceae); ZAO JIA CI;Chinese Honeylocust Thorn. Used part: thorn. TCM Effects: Todisperse swelling and outthrust pus, track wind, kill worms. TCMIndications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess,scrofula, leprosy, sore and papules with intractable lichen, postpartumscant milk, retention of afterbirth. Isolated compounds: 7956, 19983,20355, 20365.T2980 Gleditsia sinensis [Syn. Gleditsia horrida] (Fabaceae); ZAO JIA GENPI; Chinese Honeylocust Root-bark. Used part: root cortex. TCMEffects: To resolve toxin and dissipate binds, dispel wind and killworms. TCM Indications: Scrofula, innominate toxin swelling,

456wind-damp bone pain, scab and lichen, malign sore. Isolatedcompounds: 21511.T2981 Gleditsia sinensis [Syn. Gleditsia horrida] (Fabaceae); ZAO JIA YE;Chinese Honeylocust Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and resolve toxin, engender hairs. TCM Indications: Wind sore.Isolated compounds: 21511.T2982 Gleditsia triacanthos (Fabaceae); SAN CI ZAO JIA; Honeylocust.Isolated compounds: 21511, 22122.T2983 Glehnia littoralis (Apiaceae); BEI SHA SHEN; Coastal Glehnia. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To nourish yin and clear lung, boost stomachand engender liquid. TCM Indications: Dry cough due to lung dryness,vacuity taxation hemoptysis, stomach yin insufficiency, fluid damageand thirst. Isolated compounds: 618, 1513, 2107, 2276, 2308, 2311,2777, 2887, 3551, 3775, 4033, 4227, 5192, 5208, 6387, 6388, 7334,7443, 7707, 7768, 8545, 8546, 8547, 10231, 10362, 10362, 10471,10953, 11001, 11275, 11462, 11620, 11621, 11642, 11963, 13572,13739, 13760, 13765, 13766, 16258, 16258, 16450, 17085, 17297,18086, 18317, 19087, 19542, 19618, 19619, 20003, 20369, 21339,22252, 22332, 22775, 22776.T2984 Glinus lotoides [Syn. Mollugo lotoides] (Aizoaceae); XING SU CAO;Stellate hair Carpetweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and transform damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Damp-heat diarrhea, common cold with cough,wind papules, sore and boil, red eyes with gall. Isolated compounds:13004, 13005, 13006, 13007, 13008, 13009.T2985 Globularia davisiana (Globulariaceae). Isolated compounds: 4698.T2986 Globularia sp. (Globulariaceae). Isolated compounds: 3695.T2987 Glochidion acuminatum (Euphorbiaceae); JIAN JIAN SUAN PAN ZI;Acuminate Glochidion*. Isolated compounds: 590, 8559, 8560, 8561,8562, 8564, 11442.T2988 Glochidion eriocarpum (Euphorbiaceae); MAO GUO SUAN PANZI; Hairypod Glochidion*. Used part: branch-leaf . TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dispel damp and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Lacquer sore, paddy field dermatitis (water ulcer), itchyskin, urticaria, eczema, burns, mastitis, acute gastroenteritis, dysentery.Isolated compounds: 8563, 8569, 8570, 13092, 13093, 13098.T2989 Glochidion sphaerogynum (Euphorbiaceae); YUAN GUO SUANPAN ZI; Roundfruit Glochidion*. Used part: branch-leaf . TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Commoncold with fever, summerheat-heat and thirst, stomatitis, eczema,ulcerating sores. Isolated compounds: 8563, 8570.T2990 Glochidion zeylanicum (Euphorbiaceae); CHUI ZHU SUAN PAN ZI;Srilanka Glochidion. Isolated compounds: 2522, 8563, 8565, 8566,8567, 8568, 8569, 8570, 8571, 8572, 8573, 8574, 13092, 13644,13645.T2991 Gloeophyllum odoratum. Isolated compounds: 8575, 14054, 14589.T2992 Gloeophyllum sp. Isolated compounds: 8576, 8577, 8578, 8579, 8580,10732.T2993 Gloeostereum incarnatum (Meruliaceae); YU ER; IncarnateGloeostereum. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, cool blood and check diarrhea. TCM Indications: Redand white dysentery. Isolated compounds: 8581.T2994 Gloiopeltis furcata (Endocladiaceae); LU JIAO CAI; FurcateGloiopeltis Frond. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disperse food, transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Taxation fever,steaming bone, diarrhea, dysentery, wind-damp impediment pain,cough, goiter and tuberculosis, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 702,1269, 14453, 14817.T2995 Gloriosa superba (Liliaceae); JIA LAN; Lovely Gloriosa. Used part:rhizome. TCM Indications: Hemiplegia, general arthralgia, convulsiondue to high fever, whole body swelling. Isolated compounds: 3911.T2996 Glossocalyx brevipes (Monimiaceae). Isolated compounds: 8321,14461, 14462.T2997 Glossocarya calcicola. Isolated compounds: 2948, 2950, 2952.T2998 Glycine max (Fabaceae); DA DOU; Soybean. Used part: yellow seed.TCM Effects: To loosen center and induce stagnation, fortify spleenand disinhibit water, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Food accumulation diarrhea, abdominal distention andtorpid intake, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, spleenvacuity edema, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:361, 398, 2384, 4604, 4606, 5343, 5580, 5621, 8278, 8282, 8818,8819, 18700, 18701, 20117, 20122, 20129.T2999 Glycine max (Fabaceae); DOU YOU; Soybean Oil. Used part: seed oil.TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and kill worms, moisten intestines andfree stool. TCM Indications: Ileus, constipation, scab and lichen.Isolated compounds: 361, 398, 4468, 4473, 20237.T3000 Glycine max (Fabaceae); HEI DA DOU; Black Soyabean. Used part:black seed. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and disinhibit water,dispel wind and resolve toxin, fortify spleen and boost kidney. TCMIndications: Edema distention fullness, wind toxin and beriberi,jaundice edema, kidney vacuity lumbago, enuresis, wind impedimentand hypertonicity of sinews, postpartum wind tetany, clenched jaw,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, drug poisoning, foodpoisoning. Isolated compounds: 552, 1594, 2845, 3040, 4473, 4604,7853, 8278, 8282, 8805, 8818, 10600, 19983, 20041, 20115, 20116,20118, 20119, 20120, 20121, 20122, 20123, 20124, 20125, 20126,20127, 20129, 20130, 20131, 20146, 20237, 20369, 20566, 22556,22844.T3001 Glycine max (Fabaceae); HEI DA DOU PI; Black SoyabeanSpermoderm. Used part: spermoderm. TCM Effects: To nourish yinand calm liver, dispel wind and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Yinvacuity and heat vexation, night sweating, dizziness, headache, windimpediment, damp toxin, welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 3594,5027, 12735.T3002 Glycine max (Fabaceae); HEI DA DOU YE; Black Soyabean Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and free strangury,cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Blood strangury, snakebite. Isolated compounds: 552, 553, 7853.T3003 Glycine max (Fabaceae); JIANG; Soybean Paste. Used part: seed ofbeans. TCM Effects: To eliminate heat, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Bee sting, insect bites. Isolated compounds: 2845, 12252,15528, 18230, 22158.T3004 Glycine sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1866.T3005 Glycosmis chlorosperma (Rutaceae); LV ZI SHAN XIAO JU. Isolatedcompounds: 8310, 10138, 10139, 10140, 14715, 14716, 19169, 19170.T3006 Glycosmis citrifolia (Rutaceae); SHAN XIAO JU; Citrusleaf

457Glycosmis. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andresolve exterior, transform phlegm and relieve cough, rectify qi anddisperse accumulation, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Common cold with cough, food stagnation with torpidintake, food accumulation abdominal pain, mounting qi (hernia),painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3153,3154, 3155, 8820, 8821, 8848.T3007 Glycosmis montana (Rutaceae); MENG DA NA SHAN XIAO JU;Montana Glycosmis*. Isolated compounds: 8804, 8822, 10473.T3008 Glycosmis pentaphylla (Rutaceae); JIU BING YE; Malay Glycosmis.Isolated compounds: 3153, 3154, 3155, 8851, 8852, 8853, 19669.T3009 Glycosmis pseudoracemosa (Rutaceae); JIA ZONG ZHUANG HUAXU SHAN XIAO JU; Pseudo-racemose Glycosmis*. Isolatedcompounds: 19171.T3010 Glycosmis stenocarpa (Rutaceae); XIA GUO SHAN XIAO JU GEN;Narrowfruit Glycosmis Root*. Isolated compounds: 2479, 15117,15118.T3011 Glycyrrhiza aspera (Fabaceae); CU MAO GAN CAO; HirsuteLicorice. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Glycyrrhizauralensis. TCM Indications: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Isolatedcompounds: 4924, 6307, 8500, 8796, 8797, 8798, 8799, 8800, 8801,8802, 8803, 8839, 8841, 8846, 11443, 11444, 11505, 12771, 12775,12795, 12913, 19695, 21451.T3012 Glycyrrhiza echinata (Fabaceae); JI GAN CAO; Echinate Licorice*.Isolated compounds: 6685, 12774, 17836.T3013 Glycyrrhiza glabra (Fabaceae); GUANG GUO GAN CAO; Licorice.Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis.TCM Indications: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Isolated compounds: 49,259, 1886, 5144, 5725, 5726, 5729, 5730, 5731, 6024, 6025, 6307,7484, 7883, 7885, 8289, 8487, 8487, 8490, 8493, 8496, 8497, 8498,8499, 8500, 8501, 8841, 8846, 9557, 9558, 9985, 10149, 10152,10153, 10247, 10499, 11441, 11504, 11505, 11642, 11697, 12152,12153, 12154, 12155, 12156, 12751, 12752, 12753, 12754, 12755,12757, 12767, 12772, 12793, 12903, 12907, 12908, 12913, 12914,14025, 17403, 18001, 19463, 22244, 22667.T3014 Glycyrrhiza glabra var. typica (Fabaceae); OU YA GAN CAO; TypicalLicorice*. Isolated compounds: 9558, 10149, 13941, 17049.T3015 Glycyrrhiza inflata (Fabaceae); ZHANG GUO GAN CAO; InflatedLicorice. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Glycyrrhizauralensis. TCM Indications: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Isolatedcompounds: 1519, 1597, 1935, 5144, 5405, 5895, 6024, 6025, 7885,8501, 8835, 8836, 8841, 8846, 11037, 11038, 11504, 11505, 11697,12766, 12767, 12768, 12769, 12770, 12774, 12776, 12783, 12789,12790, 12908, 12909, 12910, 12913, 17836, 19463, 19983, 22244.T3016 Glycyrrhiza kansuensis (Fabaceae); HUANG GAN CAO; YellowLicorice. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Glycyrrhizauralensis. TCM Indications: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Isolatedcompounds: 2455, 7637, 7885, 8499, 8501, 8840, 8841, 8846, 8847,11505, 11772, 12149, 12766, 12913, 13639, 17169, 19983, 20087,22243, 22244, 22519.T3017 Glycyrrhiza lepidota (Fabaceae); MEI ZHOU GAN CAO; ScaleLicorice*. Isolated compounds: 8487, 8548, 8549, 8550, 8551, 17831.T3018 Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora (Fabaceae); CI GUO GAN CAO; PricklyfruitLicorice. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To promote lactation. TCMIndications: Postpartum scant milk. Isolated compounds: 6254, 7883,8850, 12756, 12759, 12760, 12761, 12762, 13286, 16545, 16546.T3019 Glycyrrhiza sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3574, 5835, 6401,7333, 8144, 8145, 8552, 8837, 10335, 11446, 11697, 12331, 12751,12756, 12758, 12759, 12763, 12773, 12796, 13281, 15525, 16173,17046, 17403, 17825, 17826, 19695, 22519, 22743.T3020 Glycyrrhiza spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 11772, 12779,12908.T3021 Glycyrrhiza squamulosa (Fabaceae); YUAN GUO GAN CAO;Roundfruit Licorice. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeGlycyrrhiza uralensis. TCM Indications: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis.Isolated compounds: 20250.T3022 Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Fabaceae); GAN CAO; Ural Licorice.Equivalent plant: Glycyrrhiza inflata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhizakansuensis, Glycyrrhiza aspera, Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis, Glycyrrhizasquamulosa. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: Tosupplement center and boost qi, relax tension and relieve pain, moistenlung and relieve cough, drain fire and resolve toxin, regulate functionamong herbs. TCM Indications: Hypocorticosteroidism [ = Addison’sdisease], gastric ulcer, bronchitis, tuberculosis, peptic ulcer, hepatitisA, spleen-stomach vacuity, fatigue hypodynamia, palpitation andshortness of breath, cough with profuse phlegm, pain in stomach ductand abdomen, acute spasm in limbs, swelling toxin of welling abscessand sore. Isolated compounds: 403, 2455, 4108, 5405, 6024, 6025,6307, 6402, 7422, 7883, 7885, 8134, 8135, 8136, 8137, 8138, 8139,8140, 8142, 8143, 8500, 8553, 8764, 8795, 8833, 8838, 8839, 8841,8842, 8843, 8844, 8845, 8846, 8854, 8855, 8862, 9557, 9558, 10149,11444, 11490, 11504, 11505, 11576, 11642, 11697, 11746, 12150,12151, 12764, 12765, 12771, 12777, 12778, 12780, 12782, 12783,12784, 12785, 12786, 12787, 12788, 12789, 12790, 12791, 12792,12793, 12794, 12795, 12908, 12911, 12912, 12913, 13107, 13941,14185, 14466, 14474, 14501, 14507, 14508, 14774, 15265, 15414,15430, 15471, 17049, 19087, 19463, 19884, 19983, 21069, 21075,21594, 21694, 22238, 22239, 22240, 22241, 22242, 22243, 22244,22245.T3023 Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis (Fabaceae); YUN NAN GAN CAO; YunnanLicorice. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Glycyrrhizauralensis. TCM Indications: See Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Isolatedcompounds: 5895, 8841, 8856, 8857, 8858, 8859, 8860, 8861, 11504,13286, 13959, 13960, 19983, 22940, 22941, 22942, 22943, 22944,22945.T3024 Gmelina arborea (Verbenaceae); YUN NAN SHI ZI; MalayBushbeech. Isolated compounds: 8863, 16734.T3025 Gmelina philippensis (Verbenaceae); FEI LV BIN SHI ZI; PhilippineBushbeech*. Isolated compounds: 2234, 3306, 5381, 5382, 5388, 5389,5390, 6952, 8234, 8277, 8864, 13892, 13893, 18694, 19104, 21544.T3026 Gnaphalium affine [Syn. Gnaphalium multiceps] (Asteraceae); SHUQU CAO; Cudweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To suppresscough and transform phlegm, dispel wind and dissipate cold. TCMIndications: Cough with profuse phlegm, asthma, wind-cold commoncold, pain in sinews and bones, vaginal discharge, welling abscess andopen sore. Isolated compounds: 13145.

458T3027 Gnaphalium gaudichaudianum (Asteraceae); A GEN TING SHU QUCAO; Argentine Cudweed*. Isolated compounds: 17373.Gnaphalium multiceps = Gnaphalium affineT3028 Gnetum gnemon (Gnetaceae); XIAN ZHOU MAI MA TENG; SpinachJointfir. Isolated compounds: 8866, 8867, 8868, 8869, 8870, 8871,8872, 8873, 8874, 8876, 8880, 9779, 20505.T3029 Gnetum gnemonoides (Gnetaceae); MA LAI XI YA MAI MA TENG;Spinach-like Jointfir. Isolated compounds: 8875, 8877, 8880, 9779.T3030 Gnetum hainanense (Gnetaceae); HAI NAN MAI MA TENG; HainanJointfir. Isolated compounds: 8882, 8883, 8884, 8885, 8886, 8887,8888, 8889, 8890, 8891.Gnetum indicum = Gnetum parvifoliumT3031 Gnetum latifolium (Gnetaceae); KUAN YE MAI MA TENG;Broadleaf Jointfir. Isolated compounds: 12546.T3032 Gnetum montanum f. megalocarpum (Gnetaceae); DA ZI MAI MATENG; Bigseed Jointfir. Isolated compounds: 8893, 8894, 8895, 8896.T3033 Gnetum parvifolium [Syn. Gnetum indicum] (Gnetaceae); XIAO YEMAI MA TENG; Smallleaf Jointfir. Used part: stem, leaf or root.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, stanch bleeding anddissipate stasis, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, lumbago, crane’s knee wind, knocksand falls, ulcerative bleeding, chronic trachitis. Isolated compounds:5067, 5997, 8892, 9779, 11672, 16688, 16689, 16690, 16691, 18643.T3034 Gnetum pendulum (Gnetaceae); CHUI ZI MAI MA TENG;Pendentseed Jointfir. Isolated compounds: 8897, 8898.T3035 Gnetum ula (Gnetaceae); YIN DU MAI MA TENG; India Jointfir.Isolated compounds: 8878, 8892.T3036 Gnidia involucrata (Thymelaeaceae); ZONG BAO GE NI DI MU.Isolated compounds: 16839, 21766, 22935.T3037 Gnidia lamprantha (Thymelaeaceae); LIANG HUA GE NI DI MU.Isolated compounds: 15999.T3038 Gnidia latifolia (Thymelaeaceae); KUAN YE GE NI DI MU. Isolatedcompounds: 15990.T3039 Gnidia polycephala (Thymelaeaceae); DUO TOU GE NI DI MU.Isolated compounds: 8757, 14470.T3040 Gomphrena globosa (Amaranthaceae); QIAN RI HONG;Globeamaranth. Used part: inflorescence or herb. TCM Effects: Tosuppress cough and calm asthma, clear liver and brighten eyes, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Cough, asthma, pertussis, infant night crying,red eyes with gall, liver heat and dizziness, headache, dysentery, soreand boil. Isolated compounds: 1013, 8927, 8928, 8929, 8930, 8931,11207, 20434.T3041 Goniothalamus amuyon (Annonaceae); TAI WAN GE NA XIANG;Taiwan Goniothalamus. Isolated compounds: 1696, 3555, 3695, 5179,5179, 5180, 5532, 6201, 8932, 8933, 8934, 8935, 8936, 8938, 8947,8947, 8948, 8949, 8950, 12917, 13258, 13943, 17409, 19983, 20369.T3042 Goniothalamus arvensis (Annonaceae); TIAN YE GE NA XIANG;Field Goniothalamus*. Isolated compounds: 241, 311, 1008.T3043 Goniothalamus cardiopetalus (Annonaceae); XIN XING BAN GE NAXIANG; Cardia-petal Goniothalamus*. Isolated compounds: 3189.T3044 Goniothalamus cheliensis (Annonaceae); GE NA XIANG; CheliensisGoniothalamus. Isolated compounds: 3504, 3505, 3506, 8939, 8940,8941, 8942, 8943, 8944.T3045 Goniothalamus gardneri (Annonaceae); CHANG YE GE NA XIANG;Longleaf Goniothalamus. Isolated compounds: 5479, 5821, 5824,7818, 8232, 8233, 10787, 15285, 21770, 22067.T3046 Goniothalamus giganteus (Annonaceae); DA GE NA XIANG; BigGoniothalamus*. Isolated compounds: 1008, 8381, 18240, 18249.T3047 Goniothalamus griffithii (Annonaceae); DA HUA GE NA XIANG;Bigflower Goniothalamus. Isolated compounds: 404, 405, 1049, 6183,8937, 8947, 9001, 9002, 9004, 9005, 9006, 17403.T3048 Goniothalamus howii (Annonaceae); HAI NAN GE NA XIANG;Hainan Goniothalamus. Isolated compounds: 9654, 9655.T3049 Goniothalamus leiocarpus (Annonaceae); JIN PING GE NA XIANG;Leiocarpus Goniothalamus. Isolated compounds: 1313, 4089, 8381,8947, 15099.T3050 Goniothalamus sp. (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 3503, 8945,9778, 13547, 13548, 13549.T3051 Goniothalamus thwaitesii (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 1339,13628.T3052 Gonystylus keithii (Thymelaeaceae); KAI TE LENG ZHU MU; KaithRamin*. Isolated compounds: 16408, 16409.T3053 Gorgoniae suberogorgia (Gorgonidae); LIU SHAN HU; GorgonianGorgoniae suberogorgia. Isolated compounds: 20440.T3054 Gossypium barbadense] (Malvaceae); HAI DAO MIAN; BarbadosCotton. Used part: tomentum of seed. TCM Effects: See Gossypiumherbaceum. TCM Indications: See Gossypium herbaceum. Isolatedcompounds: 8967.T3055 Gossypium herbaceum (Malvaceae); MIAN HUA; Levant Cotton.Equivalent plant: Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense. Usedpart: tomentum of seed. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, hematochezia, flooding, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 2318, 8967, 9568, 11238, 11642,12027, 19187.T3056 Gossypium herbaceum (Malvaceae); MIAN HUA GEN; Levant CottonRoot. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and calmasthma, free menstruation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Cough,asthma, bronchitis, menstrual disorder, flooding and spotting. Isolatedcompounds: 117, 6232, 8967, 9344, 13944, 13946.T3057 Gossypium herbaceum (Malvaceae); MIAN ZI YOU; Levant CottonOil. Used part: seed oil. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and kill worms.TCM Indications: Malign sore, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds:8967, 13944.T3058 Gossypium hirsutum [Syn. Gossypium mexicanum] (Malvaceae); LUDI MIAN; Upland Cotton. Used part: tomentum of seed. TCM Effects:See Gossypium herbaceum. TCM Indications: See Gossypiumherbaceum. Isolated compounds: 36, 1866, 8967, 9344, 12432, 17089,18409, 20392.T3059 Gossypium indicum (Malvaceae); YIN DU MIAN; Bluntleaf Cotton.Isolated compounds: 8965, 11238.Gossypium mexicanum = Gossypium hirsutumT3060 Gossypium sturtianum var. nandewarence (Malvaceae); NAN DE WAMIAN; Nandewa Cotton*. Isolated compounds: 17056.T3061 Gratiola officinalis (Scrophulariaceae); YAO SHUI BA JIAO; Gratiole.Isolated compounds: 4320, 4323.T3062 Gratiola sp. (Scrophulariaceae). Isolated compounds: 4319.

459T3063 Grevillea robusta (Proteaceae); YIN HUA; Robust Silk Oak. Used part:leaf and flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit qi, quickenblood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 8997, 8998, 8999, 9000, 18877, 18877, 18878, 18879,18880.T3064 Grevillea spp. (Proteaceae). Isolated compounds: 8997.Grewia microcos = Microcos paniculataT3065 Grindelia sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 21507.T3066 Gryllulus chinensis (Gryllidae); XI SHUAI; Chinese Cricket. Usedpart: dried body. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Urinary stoppage, edema, ascites. Isolated compounds: 12200.T3067 Guajacum officinale (Zygophyllaceae); YU CHUANG MU;Lignum-vitae. Isolated compounds: 9038, 15741.T3068 Guarea rhopalocarpa (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 10310, 12487,19234, 19235, 19542, 20369.T3069 Guatteria amplifolia (Annonaceae); DA YE GUA TAI MU. Isolatedcompounds: 15780, 22818.T3070 Guatteria boliviana (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 1460, 8004,9072, 12497, 16604, 17146, 18187, 18188, 19753, 21390.T3071 Guatteria dumetorum (Annonaceae); JING JI GUA TAI MU. Isolatedcompounds: 4279, 15779.T3072 Guioa crenulata (Sapindaceae); New Caledonian Guioa*. Isolatedcompounds: 4228, 4229, 4230, 4231.T3073 Gunnera perpensa (Haloragaceae); XUAN CHUI GEN NAI LA CAO.Isolated compounds: 10484, 10508, 14592.T3074 Gutierrezia microcephala (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 21711.T3075 Gutierrezia spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 21857.T3076 Gymnadenia albida (Orchidaceae); BAI SHOU SHEN; EuropeanGymnadenia. Isolated compounds: 16168.T3077 Gymnadenia conopsea (Orchidaceae); SHOU ZHANG SHEN; ConicGymnadenia. Equivalent plant: Coeloglossum viride. Used part: tuber.TCM Effects: To relieve cough and calm asthma, fortify spleen andboost kidney, rectify qi and harmonize blood, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma due to lung vacuity, vacuity taxationwith emaciation, neurasthenia, kidney vacuity, limp aching lumbus andknees, impotence, seminal efflux, frequent urination, chronic hepatitis,chronic diarrhea, blood loss, vaginal discharge, scant breast milk,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2165, 2456, 2508, 5905, 9099,9100, 9101, 9102, 9111, 9112, 9113, 9846, 9848, 13909, 13910, 14154,14805, 17470.T3078 Gymnadenia sp. (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 22336.T3079 Gymnaster koraiensis (Asteraceae); CHAO XIAN LUO WAN.Isolated compounds: 6918, 7951, 9104, 9105, 9106, 9107, 9108, 9109,9382, 20237.T3080 Gymnema sylvestre (Asclepiadaceae); CHI GENG TENG; AustralianCowplant. Used part: root or twig. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andrelieve pain, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, swelling pain in throat, scrofula,mammary welling abscess, sore and boil, eczema, innominate toxinswelling, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2271, 2272, 8647,8648, 9110, 12981, 16062, 17748, 17749, 20037, 22827.T3081 Gymnopetalum integrifolium (Cucurbitaceae); FENG GUA; EntireleafGymnopetalum. Isolated compounds: 339, 2686, 5386, 12214.T3082 Gynocardia odorata (Flacourtiaceae); MA DAN GUO; FragrantGynocardia. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, eliminatedamp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Leprosy, elephantiasis, skindiseases. Isolated compounds: 1465, 9114.T3083 Gynostemma compressum (Cucurbitaceae); BIAN GUO JIAO GULAN; Flatfruit Gynostemma. Isolated compounds: 9094, 9095, 9096,9097.T3084 Gynostemma longipes (Cucurbitaceae); CHANG GENG JIAO GULAN; longstalk Gynostemma. Isolated compounds: 9098.T3085 Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Cucurbitaceae); JIAO GU LAN; FiveleafGynostemma. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat,supplement vacuity, resolve toxin, lower blood sugar levels, protecthepatic function. TCM Indications: Vacuity and hypodynamia,septicemia, hyperlipemia, viral hepatitis, chronic gastroenteritis,chronic trachitis. Isolated compounds: 520, 521, 522, 4487, 6331,7427, 8423, 8425, 8427, 9115, 9116, 9117, 9118, 9119, 9120, 9124,9125, 9126, 9127, 9128, 9129, 9130, 9131, 9132, 9133, 9134, 9135,9136, 9137, 9138, 9139, 9140, 9141, 9142, 9143, 9144, 9145, 9146,9147, 9148, 9149, 9150, 9151, 9152, 9153, 9154, 9155, 9156, 9157,9158, 9159, 9160, 9161, 9162, 9163, 9164, 9165, 9166, 9167, 9168,9169, 9170, 9171, 9172, 9173, 9174, 9175, 9176, 9177, 9178, 9179,9180, 9181, 9182, 9958, 13439, 13443, 13444, 13444, 13446, 14415,14416, 16092, 16093, 16428, 16433, 16594, 19087, 21091, 21092,21101, 21102, 21103, 21104, 21700, 21701, 21702, 21743.T3086 Gynostemma yixingense (Cucurbitaceae); HUI GUO JIAO GU LAN;Rostratefruit Gynostemma. Isolated compounds: 8423, 9151, 9153,11648, 22913, 22914.T3087 Gynura elliptica (Asteraceae); TUO YUAN SAN QI CAO; EllipticGynura*. Isolated compounds: 9121, 9122.Gynura japonica = Gynura segetumT3088 Gynura segetum [Syn. Gynura japonica] (Asteraceae); SAN QI CAO;Gynura. Used part: leaf or whole herb. TCM Effects: To stanchbleeding, dissipate stasis, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hemoptysis, hematochezia, flooding and spotting, bleeding due toexternal injury, dysmenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnation abdominalpain, knocks and falls, wind-damp pain, welling abscess and flatabscess with clove sore, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:383, 424, 2224, 3434, 6204, 9123, 9486, 9735, 9736, 19713, 19983,19993, 20348, 20361, 20369, 21416, 22336.T3089 Gypsophila acutifolia (Caryophyllaceae); HUANG JIE GU DAN;Gypsophila. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis anddisperse swelling, engender flesh and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, fracture, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 599.T3090 Gypsophila oldhamiana (Caryophyllaceae); XIA CAO; OldhamGypsophila. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Gypsophila pacifica.TCM Indications: See Gypsophila pacifica. Isolated compounds: 3927,16026, 21039.T3091 Gypsophila pacifica (Caryophyllaceae); SHAN YIN CHAI HU;Pacific Gypsophila. Equivalent plant: Silene jenisseensis, Arenariajuncea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear vacuity heat, coolblood. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity tuberculosis, steaming bone tidal

460fever, night sweating, child gan fever, enduring malaria. Isolatedcompounds: 9183, 9184.Gyrophora esculenta = Umbilicaria esculentaHT3092 Halenia corniculata (Gentianaceae); HUA MAO; CorniculateSpurgentian. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Hepatitis, angiitis, gastroenteritis, infective fever due to external injury,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 10754, 10755,10802, 22606.T3093 Haliclona variclona (Haliclonidae); Sponge Haliclona variclona.Isolated compounds: 17729.Haloxylon articulatum ssp. scoparium = Hammada scopariaT3094 Haloxylon salicornicum (Chenopodiaceae); YAN JIAO CAO SUOSUO. Isolated compounds: 9200, 9201.Haloxylon scoparium = Hammada scopariaT3095 Hamamelis virginiana (Hamamelidaceae); MEI ZHOU JIN LV MEI;Virginia Witch Hazel. Isolated compounds: 6923, 9202.T3096 Hammada scoparia [Syn. Arthrophytum scoparium; Haloxylonarticulatum ssp. scoparium; Haloxylon scoparium] (Chenopodiaceae);Rimth (in Tunisia). Isolated compounds: 11649, 11664, 11671.T3097 Handelia trichophylla (Asteraceae); TIAN SHAN SHI; HairyleafHandelia. Isolated compounds: 3076.T3098 Hannoa undulata (Simaroubaceae); BO YE KU MU; Undulate-leafQuassiawood*. Isolated compounds: 22231.T3099 Haplopappus foliosus. Isolated compounds: 143, 9924.T3100 Haplophyllum acutifolium (Rutaceae); JIAN YE YUN XIANG CAO;Haplophyllum*. Isolated compounds: 7830, 9223, 9225, 12374.T3101 Haplophyllum glabrinum (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 9224,16910.T3102 Haplophyllum hispanicum (Rutaceae); XI BAN YA YUN XIANGCAO; Spanish Haplophyllum*. TCM Effects: Anticarcinoma. Isolatedcompounds: 6491.T3103 Haplophyllum patavinum (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 1552, 6490,11978, 13403, 16703, 22077.T3104 Haplophyllum perforatum (Rutaceae); DA YE YUN XIANG CAO;Perforated Haplophyllum. Isolated compounds: 6618, 7854, 9223,9224, 16910.T3105 Haplophyllum sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 7512, 12254.Haplophyllum tuberculatum = Ruta tuberculataT3106 Harpagophytum procumbens (Pedaliaceae); NAN FEI GOU MA;Devil’s Clow. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To relieve pain,eliminate inflammation, resolve heat. TCM Indications: Bronchialasthma, ileitis, ulcerative colitis, rheumatis, abnormal increase oflipoxygenase. Isolated compounds: 8, 306, 580, 2887, 3695, 3711,4163, 7776, 9238, 11195, 16536, 21475.T3107 Harpullia austro-caledonica (Sapindaceae); NAN SU GE LAN JIASHAN LUO; Southern-caledonian Tulipwood*. Isolated compounds:1553, 1554, 1555, 1556, 1559, 8055, 18702, 22835.T3108 Harrisonia abyssinica (Simaroubaceae); A BI XI NI YA NIU JIN GUO;Abyssinia Harrisonia*. Isolated compounds: 5301, 14125.T3109 Harrisonia perforata (Simaroubaceae); NIU JIN GUO; PerforatedHarrisonia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and interruptmalaria. TCM Indications: Malaria. Isolated compounds: 14125,16912, 16913, 16914, 16915, 16916.T3110 Harungana madagascariensis (Clusiaceae); MA DAO HA NI MU;Madagascar Hani-wood*. Used part: bark and leaf. TCM Indications:Hypertension (bark), hepatic disease and anemia (leaf). Isolatedcompounds: 9240, 9241, 9242, 9243.T3111 Hedera colchica (Araliaceae); QIU SHUI XIAN CHANG CHUNTENG; Colchicum Ivy*. Isolated compounds: 3913, 3914, 9257,9258.T3112 Hedera helix (Araliaceae); YANG CHANG CHUN TENG; English Ivy.Isolated compounds: 3340, 6756, 6772, 9275, 9276, 19316.T3113 Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis (Araliaceae); CHANG CHUN TENG;Chinese Ivy. Equivalent plant: Hedera rhombea. Used part: stem-leaf.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and disinhibit damp, harmonize bloodand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,paralysis, deviated eyes and mouth, spontaneous external bleeding,menstrual disorder, knocks and falls, swelling pain in throat, clove boiland swollen welling abscess, hepatitis, snake or insect bites. Isolatedcompounds: 2973, 9276, 11083, 11084, 11085.T3114 Hedera pastuchowii (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 16698, 16699,16700, 16701, 16702.T3115 Hedera rhombea (Araliaceae); LING XING CHANG CHUN TENG;Japanese Ivy. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: See Hederanepalensis var. sinensis. TCM Indications: See Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis. Isolated compounds: 19316.T3116 Hedera sp. (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 19545.T3117 Hedera spp. (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T3118 Hedychium coronarium (Zingiberaceae); TU QIANG HUO;Coronarious Gingerlily. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and dissipate cold, effuse sweat and resolve exterior. TCMIndications: Headache, generalized pain, wind-damp pain in sinew andbone, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 4081, 4082, 4083, 4084,4085, 4086, 7481, 9277, 9278, 9279, 9280, 9281, 9282, 10157, 10791,12410, 15499.T3119 Hedychium forrestii (Zingiberaceae); YUAN BAN JIANG HUA;Forrest Gingerlily. Isolated compounds: 4081, 7914, 9277, 11343,12418.T3120 Hedychium spicatum (Zingiberaceae); TU LIANG JIANG; SpikedGingerlily. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To warm stomach,dissipate cold, dry damp. TCM Indications: Qi pain, stomachache,abdominal pain, stomach cold pain, indigestion, malaria. Isolatedcompounds: 7474, 9277.T3121 Hedychium yunnanense (Zingiberaceae); DIAN JIANG HUA; YunnanGingerlily. Isolated compounds: 9277, 22946, 22947, 22948, 22949.T3122 Hedyotis acutangula (Rubiaceae); JIN CAO; Acuteangle Hedyotis.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Hepatitis, swelling pain in throat,red eyes with gall, urinary tract infection. Isolated compounds: 1616,11234, 20711.T3123 Hedyotis auricularia (Rubiaceae); ER CAO; Auricled Hedyotis. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, coolblood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold with

461fever, lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat, enteritis, dysentery,bleeding from hemorrhoids, flooding and spotting, poisonous snakebite, mastitis, swelling toxin of welling abscess and boil, eczema,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2013.T3124 Hedyotis capitellata (Rubiaceae); XIAO TOU LIANG HOU CHA;Capitellate Hedyotis . Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todissipate cold and interrupt malaria, nourish blood and free networkvessels. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, malaria,menstrual disorder, postpartum galactostasis, dry cough, lacquer sore,fracture with damage. Isolated compounds: 3132, 3133, 3134, 3135,3629, 4479, 11330, 11363.T3125 Hedyotis chrysotricha [Syn. Oldenlandia chrysotricha] (Rubiaceae);JIN MAO ER CAO; Goldhair Hedyotis. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat, eliminate damp, soothe sinews and quickenblood. TCM Indications: Jaundice, edema, chyluria, dysentery,diarrhea, knocks and falls, innominate toxin swelling, mastitis.Isolated compounds: 325, 3629, 9283.T3126 Hedyotis corymbosa [Syn. Oldenlandia corymbosa] (Rubiaceae);SHUI XIAN CAO; Corymbose Hedyotis. Used part: whole herb withroot. TCM Effects: See Oldenlandia diffusa. TCM Indications: SeeOldenlandia diffusa. Isolated compounds: 8277, 20369.Hedyotis diffusa = Oldenlandia diffusaT3127 Hedyotis nudicaulis (Rubiaceae); LUO JING ER CAO; Nude-stemEargrass*. Isolated compounds: 15858, 15859, 15860.T3128 Hedysarum multijugum (Fabaceae); HONG HUA YAN HUANG QI;Redflower Sweetvetch. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To boost qi andsecure exterior, disinhibit urine, draw toxin and expel pus, close soresand engender flesh. TCM Indications: Shortness of breath andpalpitation, fatigue hypodynamia, spontaneous sweating and nightsweating, enduring diarrhea, prolapse of rectum, prolapse of uterus,vacuity and edema, chronic nephritis, welling abscess and flat abscess.Isolated compounds: 5837.T3129 Hedysarum polybotrys (Fabaceae); DUO XU YAN HUANG QI;Manyraceme Sweetvetch. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To constrainsweat and secure exterior, supplement qi and disinhibit water, drawtoxin and close sores. TCM Indications: Qi vacuity and hypodynamia,reduced food intake and sloppy stool, prolapse of rectum due toenduring diarrhea, hematochezia, flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagiaand metrostaxis], spontaneous sweating due to exterior vacuity, qivacuity edema, blood vacuity with yellow complexion, enduringwelling abscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 1048, 9285.T3130 Heimia myrtifolia (Asteraceae); HUANG WEI; Myrtleleaf Heimia.Isolated compounds: 22433.T3131 Helenium amarum (Asteraceae); KU WEI DUI XIN JU; BitternessSneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 1012, 1768, 9289, 20963.T3132 Helenium arizonicum (Asteraceae); YA LI SANG NA DUI XIN JU;Arizona Sneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 11734.T3133 Helenium aromaticum (Asteraceae); FANG XIANG DUI XIN JU;Fragrant Sneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 1768, 9288.T3134 Helenium autumnale (Asteraceae); DUI XIN JU; Sneezeweed. Isolatedcompounds: 2026, 7836, 9288, 9290, 9564, 14822, 17558, 20963.T3135 Helenium autumnale var. montanum (Asteraceae); SHAN DI DUI XINJU; Mountain Sneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 2026, 9288.T3136 Helenium bigelovii (Asteraceae); BI SHI DUI XIN JU; BigelovSneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 11734.T3137 Helenium elegans (Asteraceae); YA MEI DUI XIN JU; ElegantSneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 20963.T3138 Helenium mexicanum (Asteraceae); MO XI GE DUI XIN JU; MexicoSneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 14821.T3139 Helenium microcephalum (Asteraceae); XIAO TOU DUI XIN JU;Littlehead Sneezeweed. Isolated compounds: 9288, 11450, 14835,14836, 14837.T3140 Helenium puberulum (Asteraceae); WEI MAO DUI XIN JU;Puberulent Sneezeweed*. Isolated compounds: 20963.T3141 Helenium tenuifolium (Asteraceae); XI YE DUI XIN JU; Fine-leavedSneezeweed. Isolated compounds: 9288, 20963.T3142 Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae); XIANG RI KUI HUA; SunflowerFlower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, calm liver,disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Dizziness, tinnitus, dribblingurination. Isolated compounds: 9295, 9296, 12952.T3143 Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae); XIANG RI KUI JING SUI;Sunflower Stem Pith. Used part: stem pith. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disinhibit urine, relieve cough. TCM Indications: Blood strangury,urethral stone, chyluria, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: 2918,15363, 19545.T3144 Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae); XIANG RI KUI YE; Sunflower Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To lower blood pressure, interruptmalaria, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Hypertension, malaria, clovesore. Isolated compounds: 1336, 2918, 7557, 7786, 8503, 9291, 9293,9298, 9299, 13133, 13135, 13264, 15363, 19545.T3145 Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae); XIANG RI KUI ZI; Sunflower Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To outthrust papules, check dysentery,outthrust welling abscess and pus. TCM Indications: Blood dysentery,welling abscess with pus swelling. Isolated compounds: 2226, 7996,9291, 9294, 12892, 15634, 18421, 19039, 19545.T3146 Helianthus annuus cv (Asteraceae); ZAI PEI XIANG RI KUI YE;Cultivated Sunflower Leaf*. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To lowerblood pressure, interrupt malaria, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Malaria, clove sore, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 1335, 1337,1338, 9324, 9325.T3147 Helianthus canescens (Asteraceae); HUI BAI XIANG RI KUI;Canescent Sunflower*. Isolated compounds: 15634.T3148 Helianthus ciliaris (Asteraceae); YUAN MAO XIANG RI KUI;Ciliate Sunflower*. Isolated compounds: 2946.T3149 Helianthus maximiliani (Asteraceae); MA SHI XIANG RI KUI;Maximilian’s Sunflower. Isolated compounds: 15634.T3150 Helianthus mollis (Asteraceae); ROU MAO XIANG RI KUI;Pubescent Sunflower*. Isolated compounds: 7581.T3151 Helianthus niveus (Asteraceae); XUE BAI XIANG RI KUI;Snowwhite Sunflower*. Isolated compounds: 15634.T3152 Helianthus pumilus (Asteraceae); AI XIANG RI KUI; DwarfSunflower*. Isolated compounds: 4739, 13264.T3153 Helianthus sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 4739.T3154 Helianthus strumosus (Asteraceae); LIN DI XIANG RI KUI;Woodland Sunflower. Isolated compounds: 107.T3155 Helianthus tuberosus (Asteraceae); JU YU; Jerusalem Artichoke. Used

462part: tuber or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood,disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Febrile diseases, intestinal heatbleeding, knocks and falls, swelling pain from fracture. Isolatedcompounds: 8307, 9291, 14510, 20147.T3156 Helichrysum arenarium (Asteraceae); SHA SHENG LA JU; YellowEverlasting. Used part: inflorescence. TCM Indications: Cholecystitis,gallstones. Isolated compounds: 15279.T3157 Helichrysum caespititium (Asteraceae); NAN FEI CONG SHENG LAJU; South-Africa Tufted Everlasting*. Isolated compounds: 14789.T3158 Helichrysum italicum (Asteraceae); YI DA LI LA JU; ItalianEverlasting*. Isolated compounds: 8865, 10182, 10472, 17403, 21392.T3159 Helichrysum sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 3454, 10775,17403.T3160 Helichrysum spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 17399.T3161 Helichrysum sutherlandii (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 9305.T3162 Helicia nilagirica (Proteaceae ); SHEN LU SHAN LONG YAN;Nilgiris Helicia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To astringe intestinesand check diarrhea, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Enteritis anddiarrhea, food poisoning, poisoning of mushrooms. Isolatedcompounds: 9302, 9303.T3163 Helicteres angustifolia (Sterculiaceae); SHAN ZHI MA; NarrowleafScrewtree. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve exterior, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, headache, thirst, epidemic parotitis, measlespapules, dysentery, enteritis, swollen welling abscess, scrofula, soretoxin, eczema, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 13515, 14479,14480.T3164 Helicteres isora (Sterculiaceae); HUO SUO MA; Tortedfruit Screwtree.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, ileus, enteritis and diarrhea.Isolated compounds: 11706, 11707, 11708, 11709, 11710, 13126.T3165 Helioniopsis orientalis. Isolated compounds: 16809.T3166 Heliopsis sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 13594.T3167 Heliotropium amplexicaule (Boraginaceae); BAO JING TIAN JIE CAI;Clasping Heliotrope. Isolated compounds: 11019.T3168 Heliotropium arguzioides (Boraginaceae); A GU JI TIAN JIE CAI;Arguzioid Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9320.T3169 Heliotropium curassavicum (Boraginaceae); YAN TIAN JIE CAI;Curassow Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9320, 12535.T3170 Heliotropium eichwaldii (Boraginaceae); AI SHI TIAN JIE CAI;Eichwald Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9320.T3171 Heliotropium europaeum (Boraginaceae); OU ZHOU TIAN JIE CAI;Heliotrope. Isolated compounds: 7636, 9320, 12535.T3172 Heliotropium floridum var. latifolium (Boraginaceae). Isolatedcompounds: 7834.T3173 Heliotropium hirsutum (Boraginaceae); YING MAO TIAN JIE CAI;Hairy Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 12535.T3174 Heliotropium indicum (Boraginaceae); DA WEI YAO; IndianHeliotrope. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Pneumonia,pyothorax, sore pharynx, oral ulcer, vesical calculus, swollen wellingabscess. Isolated compounds: 437, 6686, 9320, 11019, 11020, 18546,20488.T3175 Heliotropium lasiocarpum (Boraginaceae); MAO GUO TIAN JIE CAI;Hairyfruit Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 12535.T3176 Heliotropium olgae (Boraginaceae); AO ER JIA TIAN JIE CAI; OlgaHeliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9320.T3177 Heliotropium ovalifolium (Boraginaceae); LUAN YE TIAN JIE CAI;Ovateleaf Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9321, 9322.T3178 Heliotropium ramosissimum (Boraginaceae); DUO ZHI TIAN JIE CAI;Ramose Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9320.T3179 Heliotropium rotundifolium (Boraginaceae); YUAN YE TIAN JIE CAI;Roundleaf Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 7636.T3180 Heliotropium sp. (Boraginaceae). Isolated compounds: 9318, 17470.T3181 Heliotropium steudneri (Boraginaceae); SI SHI TIAN JIE CAI;Steudner Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 13235.T3182 Heliotropium supinum (Boraginaceae); YANG XIN TIAN JIE CAI;Supine Heliotrope*. Isolated compounds: 9316, 20488.T3183 Helleborus niger (Ranunculaceae); TI GEN CAO; Black Hellebore.Isolated compounds: 9329, 9330.T3184 Helleborus odorus (Ranunculaceae); XIANG TIE KUAI ZI; OdorousHellebore*. Isolated compounds: 9330.T3185 Helleborus orientalis var. hirsutus (Ranunculaceae); YING MAO TIGEN CAO; Hairy Hellebore*. Isolated compounds: 1178.T3186 Helleborus purpurascens (Ranunculaceae); ZI TI GEN CAO; PurpleHellebore*. Isolated compounds: 9330.T3187 Helleborus thibetanus (Ranunculaceae); TIE KUAI ZI; TibetanHellebore. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, quicken blood and dissipate stasis, disperse swelling and relievepain. TCM Indications: Cystitis, urethritis, swelling toxin of sore andboil, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 9329, 9330.T3188 Helleborus torquatus [Syn. Helleborus serbicus] (Ranunculaceae);NIU QU TI GEN CAO; Tortuous Hellebore*. Isolated compounds:9326, 9327, 9328, 10063, 10064.T3189 Helleborus viridis (Ranunculaceae); LV TI GEN CAO; GreenHellebore*. Isolated compounds: 18318, 18326, 18331, 18730, 18731.T3190 Helminthostachys zeylanica (Helminthostachyaceae); RU DI WUGONG; Ceylan Helminthostachys. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects:To clear lung and transform phlegm, dissipate stasis and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Cough, asthma, sore pharynx, painful swelling fromknocks and falls, welling abscess, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 10397, 22174, 22175, 22176, 22177, 22178, 22179,22180, 22181, 22182, 22183, 22184, 22185, 22186, 22187, 22188.T3191 Hemerocailis sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 967.T3192 Hemerocallis citrina (Liliaceae); HUANG HUA CAI; Citron Daylily.Used part: bud. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,loosen chest and resolve depression, cool blood and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Short voidings of reddish urine, jaundice,oppression in chest and vexation in heart, reduced sleep, hematocheziafrom hemorrhoids, sore and welling abscess. Isolated compounds:3615.T3193 Hemerocallis fulva (Liliaceae); XUAN CAO GEN; Orange Daylily.Equivalent plant: Hemerocallis minor, Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, coolblood and stanch bleeding, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Edema, jaundice, strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge,

463spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, flooding and spotting,scrofula, mammary welling abscess, galactostasis. Isolated compounds:3615, 7421, 10151, 14046, 16469, 17392, 18759.T3194 Hemerocallis fulva var. kwanso (Liliaceae); CHONG BAN XUANCAO; Doublepetalous Daylily*. Isolated compounds: 1048, 9341,9342.T3195 Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus (Liliaceae); BEI HUANG HUA CAI;Yellow Daylily. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Hemerocallis fulva.TCM Indications: See Hemerocallis fulva. Isolated compounds: 3615.T3196 Hemerocallis longituba (Liliaceae); CHANG GUAN XUAN CAO;Longtube Daylily*. Isolated compounds: 1866.T3197 Hemerocallis minor (Liliaceae); XIAO XUAN CAO GEN; SmallYellow Daylily. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Hemerocallis fulva.TCM Indications: See Hemerocallis fulva. Isolated compounds: 3911,9339, 9340.T3198 Hemerocallis thunbergii (Liliaceae); SHE XIANG XUAN; Thunberg’sDaylily. Isolated compounds: 9339, 18759.T3199 Hemibarbus labeo (Cyprinidae); CHONG CHUN YU; Skin-carp. Usedpart: meat. TCM Effects: To supplement qi and disinhibit water, dispelwind-damp, strengthen sinews and bones. TCM Indications: Edema,inhibited urination, aching in lumbus and knees, slowness to work.Isolated compounds: 2845.T3200 Hemidesmus indicus (Asclepiadaceae); YIN DU BA QIA; Anantmul.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit urine and disperse edema, enrich and supplement [5509] . TCMIndications: febrile diseases, strangury, syphilis, snake bite or scorpionsting [5509] . Isolated compounds: 5130, 9346.T3201 Hemiphragma heterophyllum (Scrophulariaceae); BIAN DA XIU QIU;Diversifolious Hemiphragma. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, clear heat and resolve toxin, quickenblood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, menstrual block and abdominal pain, scrofula, swelling of soresand damp toxin, sore pharynx, gingiva painful swelling, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 9348, 17510.Hemistepta carthamoides = Hemistepta lyrataT3202 Hemistepta lyrata [Syn. Hemistepta carthamoides; Saussureacarthamoides] (Asteraceae); NI HU CAI; Lyrate Hemistepta. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dissipate binds and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Hemorrhoidsand fistulas, swollen welling abscess and clove sores, mammarywelling abscess, lymphnoditis, wind papule itching, bleeding due toexternal injury, fracture. Isolated compounds: 9351, 9352, 9353.T3203 Hemsleya amabilis (Cucurbitaceae); LUO GUO DI; Lovely Hemsleya.Equivalent plant: Hemsleya macrosperma. Used part: tuberoid. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relievepain. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, toothache, painful redeyes, bacillary dysentery, enteritis, stomachache, hepatitis, urinarytract infection, swelling of clove. Isolated compounds: 5575, 5576.T3204 Hemsleya carnosiflora (Cucurbitaceae); ROU HUA XUE DAN;Fleshy-flower Hemsleya. Isolated compounds: 3202, 3203, 3204.T3205 Hemsleya dolichocarpa (Cucurbitaceae); CHANG GUO XUE DAN;Longfruit Hemsleya. Isolated compounds: 5576.T3206 Hemsleya gigantha (Cucurbitaceae); JU HUA XUE DAN; GiantHemsleya. Isolated compounds: 9354, 9355.T3207 Hemsleya graciliflora [Syn. Alsomitra graciliflora] (Cucurbitaceae);XI HUA XUE DAN; Smallflower Hemsleya. Isolated compounds:4316.T3208 Hemsleya macrosperma (Cucurbitaceae); DA ZI XUE DAN;Largeseed Hemsleya. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Hemsleyaamabilis. TCM Indications: See Hemsleya amabilis. Isolatedcompounds: 5575, 5576.T3209 Hemsleya pengxianensis (Cucurbitaceae); PENG XIAN XUE DAN;Pengxian Hemsleya. Isolated compounds: 3524, 5575, 5576.T3210 Hemsleya penxianensis var. gulinensis (Cucurbitaceae); GU LIN XUEDAN; Gulin Hemsleya. Isolated compounds: 9357, 9358.T3211 Heracleum canescens (Apiaceae); HUI BAI DU HUO; CanescentCowparsnip*. Isolated compounds: 2284, 9419.T3212 Heracleum granatense (Apiaceae); HONG DU HUO; RedCowparsnip*. Isolated compounds: 2833.T3213 Heracleum hemsleyanum (Apiaceae); NIU WEI DU HUO; HemsleyCowparsnip. Equivalent plant: Heracleum yungningense, Heracleummoellendorffii. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, overcome damp and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Common cold, headache, toothache, wind-cold-damp impediment,pain in lumbus and knees, crane’s knee wind, disseminated swelling ofwelling abscess and sores. Isolated compounds: 无 .T3214 Heracleum lanatum (Apiaceae); RUAN MAO DU HUO; Soft-hairCowparsnip. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelica pubescens f.biserrata. TCM Indications: See Angelica pubescens f. biserrata.Isolated compounds: 18086.T3215 Heracleum lanatum var. asiaticum (Apiaceae); YA ZHOU DU HUO;Asian Cowparsnip*. Isolated compounds: 22775.T3216 Heracleum mantegazzianum (Apiaceae); DA YE NIU FANG FENG;Giant Hogweed. Isolated compounds: 1194, 17077.Heracleum microcarpum = Heracleum moellendorffiiT3217 Heracleum moellendorffii [Syn. Heracleum microcarpum; Heracleummorifolium] (Apiaceae); DUAN MAO DU HUO; ShorthairCowparsnip. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Heracleumhemsleyanum. TCM Indications: See Heracleum hemsleyanum.Isolated compounds: 17375.T3218 Heracleum moellendorffii var. paucivitatum (Apiaceae); ZOU MA QIN;Paucivitat Cowparsnip. Isolated compounds: 14894.Heracleum morifolium = Heracleum moellendorffiiT3219 Heracleum nepalense (Apiaceae); NI BO ER DU HUO; NepalCowparsnip. Isolated compounds: 933.T3220 Heracleum pyrenaicum (Apiaceae); OU ZHOU DU HUO; EuropeanCowparsnip*. Isolated compounds: 2833.T3221 Heracleum rapula (Apiaceae); BAI YUN HUA; White Cowparsnip*.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,relieve cough and calm asthma, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-cold common cold, wind-cold-damp impediment,lumbago, stomachache, abdominal pain, toothache, vacuity cold coughasthma, leukorrhea, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, mounting qi,stasis swelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1510, 5535,13571.T3222 Heracleum scabridum (Apiaceae); DIAN BAI ZHI; Scabrous

464Cowparsnip. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and effusesweat, dissipate cold and dry damp. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, headache, cough and asthma, deep-source nasalcongestion, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, wind-cold-dampimpediment, cold-damp vaginal discharge, dysmenorrhea, toxinswelling of sores, wind papule itching. Isolated compounds: 17375.T3223 Heracleum sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2309, 22195.T3224 Heracleum sphondylium (Apiaceae); NIU FANG FENG; Hogweed.Isolated compounds: 17375, 22774.T3225 Heracleum spp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17375.T3226 Heracleum thomsoni (Apiaceae); TANG MU XUN DU HUO;Thomson Cowparsnip*. Isolated compounds: 1536.T3227 Heracleum wallichii (Apiaceae); WA SHI DU HUO; WallichCowparsnip*. Isolated compounds: 4461, 11329.T3228 Heracleum yungningense (Apiaceae); YONG NING DU HUO;Yungning Cowparsnip. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Heracleumhemsleyanum. TCM Indications: See Heracleum hemsleyanum.Isolated compounds: 1191, 11249, 11589, 11601, 17375, 20156, 20280,22953, 22954, 22955, 22956.T3229 Hericium erinaceus [Syn. Hydnum erinaceus] (Hydnaceae); HOUTOU JUN; Bearded Tooth Carpophore. Used part: sporocarp. TCMEffects: To fortify spleen and nourish stomach, quiet spirit, anticancer.TCM Indications: Vacuity and hypodynamia, indigestion, insomnia,gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, carcinoma in digestivetract. Isolated compounds: 7259, 7260, 7261, 7262, 7263, 7264, 7265,9429, 9430, 9431, 9432, 9433, 9434, 9435, 9436, 9437, 9438, 9439,10055, 22850.T3230 Hernandia nymphaeifolia (Hernandiaceae); SHUI LIAN YE TONG;Sleeping Lotusleaftung. Isolated compounds: 6268, 15879, 16282,16283, 16343.Hernandia ovigera = Hernandia sonoraT3231 Hernandia sonora [Syn. Hernandia ovigera] (Hernandiaceae); LIANYE TONG; Lotusleaftung. Used part: leaf or seed. TCM Effects: Todrain precipitation and free stool, anticancer. TCM Indications:Constipation, malignant tumor (therioma), nervous system diseases,cardiovascular diseases. Isolated compounds: 1426, 4056, 5543, 6832,7180, 8814, 9440, 9443, 9451, 9453, 9454, 13945, 14251, 14483,17342.T3232 Heterocentron roseum. Isolated compounds: 15642.T3233 Heteropappus altaicus (Asteraceae); A ER TAI ZI WAN; AltaiHeteropappus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddownbear fire, expel pus and relieve cough. TCM Indications: Febrilediseases, liver gallbladder effulgent fire, pulmonary welling abscess,hacking of pus blood, cystitis, zoster, sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 5088.T3234 Heteropogon contortus (Poaceae); DI JIN; Contorted Tanglehead.Used part: rhizome or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andallay thirst, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications:Diabetes mellitus due to internal heat, wind-damp impediment pain,cough, vomiting and diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 11085.T3235 Heteroscyphus billardierii (lophocoleaceae). Isolated compounds:7194, 9923, 18915.T3236 Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae); XIANG JIAO SHU; ParaRubbertree. Isolated compounds: 18304.T3237 Hexalobus crispiflorus (Annonaceae); FEI ZHOU FAN LI ZHI;African Custard Apple*. Isolated compounds: 15797.Hibiscus abelmoschus = Abelmoschus moschatusT3238 Hibiscus cannabinus (Malvaceae); DA MA JIN; Kenaf Hibiscus.Isolated compounds: 3054, 6352, 9013, 9014.T3239 Hibiscus elatus (Malvaceae); GAO HONG JIN; Tall Hibiscus. Isolatedcompounds: 8863.T3240 Hibiscus esculentus (Malvaceae); KA FEI HUANG KUI; EdibleAbelmoschus. Used part: root, leaf, flower or seed. TCM Effects: Todisinhibit throat, free strangury, promote lactation, regulatemenstruation. TCM Indications: Sore swollen throat, dribbling andinhibited voidings of urination, postpartum scant milk, menstrualdisorder. Isolated compounds: 4442.T3241 Hibiscus mutabilis (Malvaceae); MU FU RONG HUA; CottonroseHibiscus Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding, disperse swelling andexpel pus. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, blood ejection, red eyeswith gall, flooding and spotting, vaginal discharge, diarrhea,abdominal pain, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, poisonousinsect stings, burns and scalds, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:4447, 4451, 18368.Hibiscus populneus = Thespesia populneaT3242 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Malvaceae); FU SANG HUA; ChineseHibiscus Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear lung, coolblood, transform damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, hemoptysis, nosebleed(epistaxis), flooding and spotting,vaginal discharge, dysentery, red and white turbidity, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 4449, 18342, 18345.T3243 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Malvaceae); FU SANG YE; Chinese HibiscusLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Vaginal discharge, strangurysyndrome, swelling toxin of clove sore, parotitis, mastitis,lymphrnoditis. Isolated compounds: 20713.T3244 Hibiscus syriacus (Malvaceae); MU JIN HUA; Shrubalthea Flower.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Intestinal windbleeding, red and white dysentery, bleeding from hemorrhoids, lungheat cough, hemoptysis, vaginal discharge, swollen welling abscess,sore and boil, scalds. Isolated compounds: 3829, 3831, 3832, 10038,10786, 16901, 19331, 19542.T3245 Hibiscus syriacus (Malvaceae); MU JIN PI; Shrubalthea Bark. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, kill wormsand relieve itch. TCM Indications: Damp-heat diarrhea dysentery,intestinal wind bleeding, prolapse of rectum, hemorrhoids, red andwhite vaginal discharge, trichomoniasis, scab and lichen, scrotaleczema. Isolated compounds: 2056, 6536, 15935, 19983, 20439.T3246 Hibiscus syriacus (Malvaceae); MU JIN ZI; Shrubalthea Fruit. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear lung and transform phlegm, relieveheadache, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Cough of phlegm asthma,bronchitis, headache, yellow-water sore, eczema. Isolated compounds:13455, 20328, 21412, 21413, 21415, 22559, 22560.T3247 Hibiscus taiwanensis (Malvaceae); TAI WAN FU RONG; Taiwan

465Hibiscus. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To clear lung andrelieve cough, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lungheat cough, toxin swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 2224, 2527,2887, 3829, 3831, 4135, 7768, 7788, 7789, 7895, 8863, 9481, 9535,9536, 9537, 9538, 9539, 9818, 12801, 13515, 13518, 14205, 14254,14442, 14443, 14447, 14804, 15169, 16402, 19540, 19542, 19910,19983, 19987, 20369, 20554, 20556, 20566, 22208, 22332, 22336.T3248 Hibiscus tiliaceus (Malvaceae); HUANG JIN; Linden Hibiscus. Usedpart: leaf, bark or flower. TCM Effects: To clear lung and relievecough, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Lungheat cough, swelling pain of sore and boil, cassava poisoning. Isolatedcompounds: 12501.T3249 Hibiscus vitifolius (Malvaceae); PU TAO YE MU JIN; GrapeleafHibiscus*. Isolated compounds: 8965.T3250 Hierochloe odorata (Poaceae); MAO XIANG HUA; Vanillagrass.Used part: inflorescence. TCM Effects: To warm stomach, checkvomiting. TCM Indications: Cold pain in heart and abdomen. Isolatedcompounds: 4142.T3251 Himatanthus sucuuba (Apocynaceae); SU KU BA DOU HUA;Bellaco-Caspi. Isolated compounds: 1114, 13100, 13101, 13102,20202.T3252 Hippomane mancinella (Euphorbiaceae); MA FENG MU; Manchineel.Isolated compounds: 13476, 22778.T3253 Hippophae neurocarpa (Elaeagnaceae); LEI GUO SHA JI; VeinfruitSeabuckthorn. Isolated compounds: 19087.T3254 Hippophae rhamnoides (Elaeagnaceae); CU LIU GUO; SeabuckthornFruit. Equivalent plant: Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis,Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. yunnanensis. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To relieve cough and transform phlegm, fortify stomach anddisperse food, quicken blood and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Cough with profuse phlegm, pulmonary welling abscess, indigestion,food accumulation abdominal pain, stomachache, enteritis,amenorrhea, stasis swelling from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 1113, 1598, 1845, 1935, 3040, 3138, 3139, 3140, 3211,3296, 3308, 3551, 3766, 5499, 5500, 6047, 7852, 7853, 8095, 9234,9236, 9345, 9486, 10160, 10591, 10784, 11648, 12020, 12569, 12891,12893, 13419, 15170, 15203, 16285, 16561, 18317, 18656, 19087,19983, 20280, 20369, 20444, 20715, 21415, 22554, 22556, 22559,22560, 22561, 22562, 22563, 22976.T3255 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. gyantsensis (Elaeagnaceae); JIANG ZISHA JI; Jiangzi Seabuckthorn*. Isolated compounds: 19087.T3256 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis (Elaeagnaceae); ZHONG GUOSHA JI; Chinese Seabuckthorn*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeHippophae rhamnoides. TCM Indications: See Hippophae rhamnoides.Isolated compounds: 11648, 18317, 19087.T3257 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. turkestanica (Elaeagnaceae); ZHONGYA SHA JI; Central Asia Seabuckthorn*. Isolated compounds: 18317,19087.T3258 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. yunnanensis (Elaeagnaceae); YUNNAN SHA JI; Yunnan Seabuckthorn*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects:See Hippophae rhamnoides. TCM Indications: See Hippophaerhamnoides. Isolated compounds: 19087.T3259 Hippophae thibetana (Elaeagnaceae); XI ZANG SHA JI; TibetSeabuckthorn. Isolated compounds: 19087.T3260 Histiopteris incisa (Dennstaedtiaceae); LI JUE; Incised Histiopteris.Isolated compounds: 18125, 18152.T3261 Hodgkinsonia frutescens (Cucurbitaceae). Isolated compounds: 18295,18296.T3262 Holarrhena africana (Apocynaceae); FEI ZHOU ZHI XIE MU;African Holarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 3968, 9578, 9585.T3263 Holarrhena antidysenterica (Apocynaceae); ZHI XIE MU PI;Droughtdysentery Holarrhena Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Tomove qi and check diarrhea, kill worms. TCM Indications: Dysentery,gastrointestinal flatulence. Isolated compounds: 3959, 3961, 3966,3967, 3968, 3989, 3991, 5562, 5563, 6873, 6931, 9576, 9577, 9578,9579, 9580, 9581, 9582, 9583, 9584, 9585, 9586, 9587, 9591, 9932,9937, 10547, 11340, 12345, 12346, 12347, 12348, 12349, 12350,14350, 16659, 18585, 18586, 18587, 21196.T3264 Holarrhena congolensis (Apocynaceae); GANG GUO HE ZHI XIEMU; Congo Holarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 3968, 8010, 9584.T3265 Holarrhena febrifuga (Apocynaceae); TUI RE ZHI XIE MU;Febrifuge Holarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 3968, 8010, 9587, 11340.T3266 Holarrhena floribunda (Apocynaceae); FAN HUA ZHI XIE MU;Purplequeen Holarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 3968.T3267 Holarrhena mitis (Apocynaceae); WEN ROU ZHI XIE MU; SuaveHolarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 3968, 9584, 9587, 21511.T3268 Holarrhena pubescens (Apocynaceae); DUAN ROU MAO ZHI XIEMU; Shortfluff Holarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 273, 3968, 6469,10557, 12347.T3269 Holarrhena waltsbergii (Apocynaceae); WO SHI ZHI XIE MU;Waltsberg Holarrhena*. Isolated compounds: 3968.T3270 Holboellia fargesii (Lardizabalaceae); WU YE GUA TENG; FargesHolboellia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitdamp, quicken blood and free vessels, move qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: short voidings of reddish urine, strangury-turbidity, edema,wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, breast milk stoppage,mounting qi (hernia), prolapse of uterus, testitis. Isolated compounds:7723, 7724, 7725, 7726, 7727.T3271 Holoptelea integrifolia (Ulmaceae); YIN MIAN YU; Vellayim.Isolated compounds: 12569.T3272 Holostylis reniformis (Aristolochiaceae). Isolated compounds: 1709,1730, 6830, 6831, 6932, 6933, 9592, 14393, 19615, 19616.T3273 Homalanthus acuminatus (Euphorbiaceae); JIAN JIAN AO YANG;Acuminate Aussiepoplar*. Isolated compounds: 17958.T3274 Homalanthus nutans (Euphorbiaceae); XIA CHUI AO YANG; NutantAussiepoplar*. Isolated compounds: 17958.T3275 Homalium cochinchinensis (Samydaceae); TIAN LIAO MU;Cochinchina Homalium. Isolated compounds: 2224, 3874, 3875, 3876,3877, 21508, 21509, 21510.T3276 Homo sapiens (Hominidae); REN NIAO; Human Urine. Used part:human urine. TCM Effects: To enrich yin and downbear fire, stanchbleeding and disperse stasis. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity fever,taxation damage hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, postpartum blood stasis, blood dizziness, knocks and falls,pain of blood stasis. Isolated compounds: 1160, 4223, 5153, 5164,9548, 9937, 11220, 22246, 22251, 22259.

466T3277 Homo sapiens (Hominidae); REN ZHONG BAI; Human UrineSediment. Used part: sediment of human urine. TCM Effects: To clearheat, downbear fire, disperse stasis. TCM Indications: Taxation fever,lung wilting, spontaneous external bleeding, blood ejection, throatimpediment, gan of teeth and gum, mouth sore, tongue sores. Isolatedcompounds: 22246, 22251.T3278 Homo sapiens (Hominidae); XUE YU; Human Hair. Used part: humanhair. TCM Effects: To dispel stasis and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, nosebleed(epistaxis), gum hemorrhage,blood dysentery, blood strangury, flooding and spotting. Isolatedcompounds: 13659.T3279 Homo sapiens (Hominidae); ZI HE CHE; Human Placenta. Used part:human placenta. TCM Effects: To supplement qi, nourish blood, boostessence. TCM Indications: Vacuity detriment, marked emaciation,steaming bone taxation fever, cough and asthma, hemoptysis, nightsweating, emission, impotence, qi-blood depletion, infertility, scantbreast milk. Isolated compounds: 1170, 4097, 4887, 5163, 7383, 7384,7386, 7387, 17804, 17901.T3280 Hopea parviflora (Dipterocarpaceae); XIAO HUA PO LEI; Kongu.Isolated compounds: 1076, 2124, 16678.T3281 Hopea utilis (Dipterocarpaceae); YOU YONG PO LEI; UtilizableHopea*. Isolated compounds: 9636, 18649.T3282 Hordeum vulgare (Poaceae); MAI YA; Barley Germinating Fruit. Usedpart: germinated fruit. TCM Effects: To disperse food and transformaccumulation, terminate lactation. TCM Indications: Foodaccumulation, abdominal distention and diarrhea, nausea and vomiting,inappetence, galactostasis, distending pain in breast. Isolatedcompounds: 3070, 8971, 9467, 9644, 9645, 9646, 13439, 18230,20147, 22058, 22158.T3283 Hosta sieboldiana (Liliaceae); DA YU BIAO HUA; ShortclusteredPlantainlily. Used part: root or flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, rectify qi. TCM Indications: Sore toxin, headache.Isolated compounds: 8457.T3284 Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae); YU XING CAO; HeartleafHouttuynia. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, expel pus and disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Pulmonary welling abscess with hacking of pus and blood, lung heatphlegm cough, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infection,odynuria, chronic uterine cervical infection, leptospirosis, otitis media,cystitis, dysentery, mastitis, heat toxin sores, heat strangury. Isolatedcompounds: 336, 1695, 3045, 3138, 3242, 3409, 3551, 4833, 4837,5462, 9486, 10887, 11642, 12082, 12570, 12849, 12891, 13474,13475, 14623, 15146, 15725, 15816, 17376, 17463, 18317, 18411,19087, 19397, 19405, 19406, 19983, 20280, 22615.T3285 Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae); ZHI JU GEN; Japanese Raisin TreeRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and quickennetwork vessels, stanch bleeding, resolve liquor. TCM Indications:Vacuity taxation blood ejection, wind-damp pain in sinew and bone.Isolated compounds: 7938, 9653.T3286 Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae); ZHI JU ZI; Japanese Raisin Tree Seed.Used part: fruit or seed. TCM Effects: To resolve liquor toxin,eliminate vexation and allay thirst, check vomiting, disinhibit urineand free stool. TCM Indications: Drunkenness, vexation and thirst,vomiting, inhibited urine and stool. Isolated compounds: 1074, 1764,9652, 16847.T3287 Huechys sanguinea (Cicadidae); HONG NIANG ZI; Red Lady-bug.Used part: dried body. TCM Effects: To break stasis, dissipate binds,attack toxin. TCM Indications: Scrofula, amenorrhea due to bloodstasis, lumbago, infertility, lichen sore, rabid dog bite. Isolatedcompounds: 3094.T3288 Humulus japonicus [Syn. Humulus scandens] (Moraceae); LV CAO;Japanese Hop. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit urine and free strangury. TCM Indications:Tuberculosis, cystitis, mastitis, tonsillitis, lung heat cough, pulmonarywelling abscess, vacuity heat with vexation and thirst, heat strangury,edema, inhibited urination, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, heat toxinsores, itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 3674, 4029, 13109, 22581.T3289 Humulus lupulus (Moraceae); PI JIU HUA; European HopFemale-flower. Used part: female-flower. TCM Effects: To fortifystomach and disperse food, disinhibit urine and quiet spirit, eliminateinflammation. TCM Indications: Indigestion, abdominal distention,edema, cystitis, tuberculosis, cough, insomnia, leprosy. Isolatedcompounds: 628, 2936, 3241, 3242, 4076, 4819, 5261, 5262, 5263,5742, 5743, 5911, 6497, 9657, 9665, 9669, 9670, 9671, 9672, 9675,9676, 9677, 9678, 9815, 10830, 11248, 11459, 11460, 11754, 11783,12714, 13109, 13110, 13111, 13112, 13113, 13114, 13115, 14176,17808, 17839, 17843, 19681, 19987, 21599, 22761, 22762, 22763,22764, 22765, 22766, 22767.Humulus scandens = Humulus japonicusT3290 Hunnemannia spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T3291 Hunteria elliotii (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 12268.T3292 Hunteria zeylanica (Apocynaceae); ZI LAN SHU; Ceylon Hunteria.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quickenblood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Painful swelling fromknocks and falls, poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 12268.T3293 Huperzia miyoshiana (Huperziaceae); DONG BEI SHI SHAN;Northeast Clubmos*. Isolated compounds: 3813, 6956, 7805, 13191,13223, 13225, 13229.T3294 Huperzia selago [Syn. Lycopodium selago] (Huperziaceae); XIAO JIEJIN CAO; Selago-like Climbing Fern. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, disperse swelling andrelieve pain, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury,urticaria. Isolated compounds: 567, 7768, 9686, 10170, 13191, 13223,15889, 15890, 18062, 19675.T3295 Huperzia serrata [Syn. Lycopodium serratum] (Huperziaceae); QIANCENG TA; Serrate Clubmoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:To abate fever, eliminate damp, disperse stasis, stanch bleeding, clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung abscess, pneumonia,cor pulmonale, taxation damage and blood ejection, bleeding fromhemorrhoids, vaginal discharge, knocks and falls, toxin swelling,hematuria, cold-damp ascites, enduring sores, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 459, 4748, 6116, 6117, 6118, 6119, 6120, 6121, 6122,7017, 7142, 7143, 7144, 7168, 9686, 9687, 9688, 9689, 9690, 10644,10699, 10700, 10701, 10703, 10704, 10705, 10706, 10707, 10708,12400, 13046, 13177, 13187, 13190, 13191, 13225, 13226, 13227,

46713228, 13229, 13230, 13231, 13232, 13233, 13234, 14493, 15407,16313, 16321, 16322, 16354, 16355, 16421, 19766, 19768, 19769,19770, 19771, 19772, 19773, 19774, 21424, 21425.T3296 Hura crepitans (Euphorbiaceae); SHA HE SHU; Sandbox-tree.Isolated compounds: 9691.T3297 Hyacinthus orientalis (Liliaceae); FENG XIN ZI; Common Hyacinth.Isolated compounds: 9696.T3298 Hyacinthus sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 3693.T3299 Hydnellum caeruleum (Thelephoraceae); LAN SE YA CHI JUN;Inedible Mushroom. Isolated compounds: 21301, 21302, 21303,21304, 21305, 21306.T3300 Hydnocarpus anthelminticus (Flacourtiaceae); DA FENG ZI;Chaulmoogratree Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel windand dry damp, attack toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications:Numbing wind, scab and lichen, red bayberry sore. Isolatedcompounds: 883, 884, 885, 3485, 8955, 9697.T3301 Hydnocarpus wightiana (Flacourtiaceae); WEI SHI DA FENG ZI;Wightiana Chaulmoogratree Seed*. Isolated compounds: 15409.Hydnum erinaceus = Hericium erinaceusT3302 Hydnum repandum (Hydnaceae); MEI WEI CHI JUN; Sweet Tooth.Isolated compounds: 19357, 19358.T3303 Hydrangea chinensis (Saxifragaceae); ZHONG GUO XIU QIU;Chinese Hydrangea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To interruptmalaria, quicken blood and relieve pain, clear heat and disinhibit urine.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, fracture, malaria, headache,measles papules, dribbling pain of urination. Isolated compounds:4648, 9452, 9698, 9700, 9701, 9815, 9944, 11234, 14254, 18420,19983, 19987, 20554, 22195.T3304 Hydrangea macrophylla (Saxifragaceae); BA XIAN HUA; LargeleafHydrangea. Used part: root, leaf and flower. TCM Effects: To interruptmalaria. TCM Indications: Malaria, fright palpitation due to heart heat,vexation and agitation. Isolated compounds: 4647, 4648, 9699, 9700,13084, 13085.T3305 Hydrangea macrophylla var. thunbergii (Saxifragaceae); SE BO GEXIU QIU; Thunberg Hydrangea*. Isolated compounds: 9700, 17225.T3306 Hydrangea paniculata (Saxifragaceae); FEN TUAN HUA; PaniculateHydrangea. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To disperse damp, breakblood. TCM Indications: Scrotal wind. Isolated compounds: 8078,22195.T3307 Hydrangea sp. (Saxifragaceae). Isolated compounds: 12950.T3308 Hydrangea umbellata (Saxifragaceae); SAN XING XIU QIU;Umbellate Hydrangea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To interruptmalaria, disperse food, clear heat and resolve toxin, dispel phlegm anddissipate binds. TCM Indications: Malaria, food accumulationabdominal distention, swelling pain in throat, skin lichen lai, swellingtoxin of sore and boil, goiter and tuberculosis. Isolated compounds:5435.T3309 Hydrastis canadensis (Ranunculaceae); BAI MAO GEN (4) ;Golden-seal. Isolated compounds: 2302, 2303, 3055, 3057, 3058, 6366,9702, 9703, 11348, 14567, 19985.T3310 Hydroclathrus tenuis (Scytosiphonaceae); BO YE WANG YI ZAO.Isolated compounds: 2436.T3311 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (Apiaceae); TIAN HU SUI; LawnPennywort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Jaundice, dysentery, edema, strangury, eye screen, throat swelling,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, zoster, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 4140, 9710, 9711, 9712, 9713, 9714, 9715, 9716,18332, 22173.T3312 Hygrophorus latitabundus (Hygrophoraceae). Isolated compounds:433, 434, 435, 436, 5339, 5340, 5341, 10840.T3313 Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus (Hygrophoraceae); Slimysheathed WaxyCap 橄 榄 白 蜡 伞 . Isolated compounds: 430, 431, 5338, 10837, 10838,21536.T3314 Hygrophorus persoonii (Hygrophoraceae). Isolated compounds: 426,427, 428, 429, 5336, 5337, 5920, 10836, 10841, 10842, 21535.T3315 Hygrophorus pustulatus (Hygrophoraceae). Isolated compounds: 432,10839.T3316 Hylomecon japonica (Papaveraceae); HE QING HUA; JapaneseHylomecon. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and free network vessels, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 930, 3498, 3502, 3507, 3508, 4290, 19284,20416.T3317 Hylomecon spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T3318 Hylotelephium mingjinianum (Crassulaceae); ZI HUA JING TIAN;Purpleflower Stonecrop. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and stanch bleeding, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, sprain, taxation damage in lumbar muscle,scalds, poisonous snake bite, zoster, indigestion. Isolated compounds:5763, 12083, 14872, 14873.Hymenocallis americana = Hymenocallis littoralisT3319 Hymenocallis arenicola (Amaryllidaceae); SHA SHENG SHUI GUIJIAO; Arenaceous Hymenocallis*. Isolated compounds: 3197.T3320 Hymenocallis littoralis [Syn. Hymenocallis americana; Pancratiumlittoralis] (Amaryllidaceae); SHUI GUI JIAO YE; Tropical AmericanHymenocallis Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To soothe sinewsand quicken blood, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Painful swelling from knocks and falls, pain in joints dueto rheumatalgia, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 13241, 19618,20891.T3321 Hymenocallis rotata (Amaryllidaceae); FU ZHUANG SHUI GUIJIAO; Rotate Hymenocallis*. Isolated compounds: 15750.T3322 Hymenoclea salsola (Asteraceae); MEI GUO HAI MO JU; Burro Bush.Isolated compounds: 1029, 4087, 10843.T3323 Hymenodictyon excelsum (Rubiaceae); TU LIAN QIAO; TallHymenodictyon. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, suppress cough and interrupt malaria. TCM Indications:Malaria, malign malaria, common cold, ardent fever, cough withprofuse phlegm. Isolated compounds: 664, 1359, 2299, 4622, 13041,14124, 14974, 15734, 18998, 18999.T3324 Hymenophyllum barbatum (Hymenophyllaceae); MO JUE; BarbateFilmy Fern. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:8689, 10844, 10845, 10846, 10847, 10848, 10849, 10850, 10851,10852, 10853, 10854, 10855, 10856, 10857, 10858, 10859, 10860,

46810861, 10862, 10863, 10864, 10865, 10866, 14505.T3325 Hymenoxys grandiflora (Compositae ); MO ZHI JU. TCM Effects:Anticarcinoma. Isolated compounds: 16733.T3326 Hymenoxys odorata (Compositae); XIANG MO ZHI JU. TCM Effects:Anticarcinoma. Isolated compounds: 15991, 16733.T3327 Hyoscyamus niger (Solanaceae); LANG DANG GEN; Black HenbaneRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To interrupt malaria, kill worms,attack toxin. TCM Indications: Malaria, lichen and Scab sore. Isolatedcompounds: 1526, 21195, 22050.T3328 Hyoscyamus niger (Solanaceae); LANG DANG YE; Black HenbaneLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To settle pain and resolve tetany.TCM Indications: Pain in stomach duct and abdomen, toothache,cough and asthma. Isolated compounds: 2001, 10870, 10872.T3329 Hyoscyamus niger (Solanaceae); LANG DANG ZI; Black HenbaneSeed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To resolve spasm and relievepain, quiet heart and settle epilepsy. TCM Indications: Pain in stomachduct and abdomen, wind-damp impediment pain, decayed toothachedue to wind, painful wound from knocks and falls, incessant asthmaand cough, prolapse of rectum due to diarrhea, mania and withdrawal,fright epilepsy, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 1287, 1526, 2001, 2218, 3087, 3088, 3829, 3830, 4417,4680, 7788, 8814, 9013, 9486, 10870, 10871, 10872, 10874, 15203,15944, 15945, 15946, 15951, 16066, 19087, 19983, 20280, 21037,21195, 22332, 22376.T3330 Hyoscyamus orientalis (Solanaceae); DONG FANG TIAN XIAN ZI;Oriental Henbane*. Isolated compounds: 1526.T3331 Hyoscyamus spp. (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 10870.T3332 Hypecoum erectum (Papaveraceae); ZHI LI JIAO HUI XIANG; ErectHypecoum. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, suppress cough and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, cough, swelling pain in throat, liver fire andred eyes, hepatitis, cholecystitis, dysentery, pain in joints. Isolatedcompounds: 10878, 10879, 10882, 14209.T3333 Hypecoum japonicum (Papaveraceae); DI TANG CAO; JapaneseHypecoum*. Isolated compounds: 4032.T3334 Hypecoum leptocarpum (Papaveraceae); XI GUO JIAO HUI XIANG;Thinfruit Hypecoum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, cool blood. TCM Indications: Common coldwith fever, headache, throat pain, red eyes with gall, pain in joints,pneumonia, hepatitis, cholecystitis, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, hematochezia. Isolated compounds: 3498, 4032,10878, 10880, 12672, 12674, 12675, 12676, 12677, 16446, 17873,19284.T3335 Hypecoum procumbens (Papaveraceae); PING ZHAN JIAO HUIXIANG; Procumbent Hypecoum*. Isolated compounds: 17873.T3336 Hypecoum sp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 7788.T3337 Hypericum ancherii (Clusiaceae); AN SHI JIN SI TAO; AncherSt.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 13481.T3338 Hypericum androsaemum (Clusiaceae); TU SAN JIN SI TAO; Tutsan.Isolated compounds: 15715.T3339 Hypericum annulatum (Clusiaceae); HUAN ZHUANG JIN SI TAO;Circularity St.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 321, 1340.T3340 Hypericum ascyron (Clusiaceae); HUANG HAI TANG; GiantSt.John’swort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool bloodand stanch bleeding, quicken blood and regulate menstruation, clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Blood ejection due to bloodheat, hemoptysis, hematuria, hematochezia, flooding and spotting,knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, galactostasis, wind-heat common cold, malaria,hepatitis, dysentery, diarrhea, poisonous snake bite, scalds, eczema,yellow-water sore. Isolated compounds: 3549, 5846, 10883, 10887,11642, 12020, 18317, 19087.T3341 Hypericum aucheri (Clusiaceae); AO SHI JIN SI TAO; AucherSt.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 15715.T3342 Hypericum bellum (Clusiaceae); MEI LI JIN SI TAO; BeautifulSt.John’swort. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear damp heat,expel roundworms, relieve itch. TCM Indications: Hepatitis, dysentery,mouth sore, abdominal pain due to ascariasis, itchy of skin. Isolatedcompounds: 6339.T3343 Hypericum calycinum (Clusiaceae); DA E JIN SI TAO;Rose-of-Sharon. Isolated compounds: 10881.T3344 Hypericum chinense (Clusiaceae); JIN SI TAO GUO SHI; ChineseSt.John’swort Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To moisten lungand relieve cough. TCM Indications: Lung disease, pertussis, vacuityheat cough. Isolated compounds: 9566.T3345 Hypericum curvisepalum (Clusiaceae); WAN E JIN SI TAO;Curvedsepal St.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 10883, 10887,19087.T3346 Hypericum degenii (Clusiaceae); DI GEN JIN SI TAO; DegenSt.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 8306.T3347 Hypericum drummondii (Clusiaceae); DE LA MENG DE JIN SI TAO;Drummond St.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 848, 6606.T3348 Hypericum elodeoides (Clusiaceae); TING JING BIAN DI JIN; ElodiaSt.John’swort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Hypericumwightianum. TCM Indications: See Hypericum wightianum. Isolatedcompounds: 10883, 10887, 19087.T3349 Hypericum erectum (Clusiaceae); XIAO LIAN QIAO; ErectSt.John’swort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To regulatemenstruation and stanch bleeding, dissipate stasis and relieve pain,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Blood ejection,hemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, floodingand spotting, bleeding due to external injury, menstrual disorder,postpartum galactostasis, knocks and falls, pain in joints due torheumatalgia, swelling toxin of sore and boil, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 5101, 7223, 7224, 7225, 10886, 16268, 16269.T3350 Hypericum faberi (Clusiaceae); YANG ZI XIAO LIAN QIAO;Faber’s St.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 10883, 10886, 10887,19087.T3351 Hypericum foliosum (Clusiaceae); DUO YE JIN SI TAO; LeafySt.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 21727.T3352 Hypericum forrestii (Clusiaceae); CHUAN DIAN JIN SI TAO;Forrest’s St.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 10887.T3353 Hypericum geminiflorum (Clusiaceae); SHUANG HUA JIN SI TAO;Biflower St.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 8262.T3354 Hypericum henryi (Clusiaceae); HENG LI DI ER CAO; HenrySt.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 2371, 6184, 21152.

469T3355 Hypericum hirsutum (Clusiaceae); YING MAO JIN SI TAO; HairySt.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 15170.T3356 Hypericum japonicum (Clusiaceae); DI ER CAO; JapaneseSt.John’swort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, diarrhea,dysentery, intestinal welling abscess, pulmonary welling abscess,swelling toxin of welling abscess and boil, nipple moth, mouth sore,red eyes with gall, poisonous snake bite, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 380, 852, 2371, 4140, 6184, 8329, 10883, 10887, 11642,11818, 11819, 11820, 19382, 19383, 19384, 19385, 21152, 22492.T3357 Hypericum lancasteri (Clusiaceae); ZHAN E JIN SI TAO; Lancaster’sSt.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 10883, 10887, 18317.T3358 Hypericum laricifolium (Clusiaceae); LUO YE SONG YE JIN SI TAO;Larch-leaf St.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 2887, 9365, 15670,18317.T3359 Hypericum papuanum (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6780, 6781,6782, 8029, 10220, 10221, 10222, 10884, 10885, 10889, 10929,10930, 10931, 10932, 10933, 16629, 16630, 16631, 16632, 16633.T3360 Hypericum patulum (Clusiaceae); JIN SI MEI; SpreadingSt.John’swort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andrectify damp, resolve toxin, course liver and free network vessels,dispel stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Damp-heat strangury,hepatitis, common cold, tonsillitis, mounting qi with unilateral saggingof one testicle, pain in sinews and bones, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 10883, 10887, 16730, 18317, 19087.T3361 Hypericum perforatum (Clusiaceae); GUAN YE LIAN QIAO;Common St.John’swort. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To promote astriction and stanch bleeding, regulate menstruation andfree milk, clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCMIndications: Hemoptysis, blood ejection, intestinal wind bleeding,flooding and spotting, bleeding due to external injury, menstrualdisorder, galactostasis, jaundice, throat pain, red eyes with gall, urinarytract infection, mouth sore, nose sores, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and boil, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 2347, 6853,8026, 10219, 10883, 10886, 10887, 10887, 13875, 14322, 18250,18317, 18411, 19087, 20011, 20012, 20013, 20015.T3362 Hypericum polyanthemum (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 10239,10240, 11294.T3363 Hypericum sampsonii (Clusiaceae); YUAN BAO CAO; SampsonSt.John’swort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool bloodand stanch bleeding, clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood andregulate menstruation, dispel wind and free network vessels. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, hemoptysis, spontaneous externalbleeding, blood strangury, bleeding from wounds, enteritis, dysentery,mammary welling abscess, swollen welling abscess and toxin of clovesore, scalds, snake bite, menstrual disorder, menstrual pain, leukorrhea,knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain, pain in lumbus and leg,tinea capitis, mouth sore, eye screen. Isolated compounds: 2915, 5901,5908, 5909, 6014, 10883, 10886, 10887, 10890, 18317, 20014.T3364 Hypericum spp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2347, 3551, 16587.T3365 Hypericum subsessile (Clusiaceae); JI WU BING JIN SI TAO;Subsessile St.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 10883, 10887, 18317.T3366 Hypericum triquetrifolium (Clusiaceae); SAN LENG YE JIN SI TAO;Triangular-leaf St.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 18028.T3367 Hypericum uliginosum (Clusiaceae); SHI SHENG JIN SI TAO;Wetland St.John’swort*. Isolated compounds: 22190, 22191.T3368 Hypericum wightianum (Clusiaceae); BIAN DI JIN; Wight’sSt.John’swort. Equivalent plant: Hypericum elodeoides. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, arrestdiarrhea. TCM Indications: White mouth sore in children, infantpneumonia, stomatitis, mammary welling abscess, yellow-water sore,poisonous snake bites, diarrhea, enduring dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 5182, 10883, 10886, 10887, 18317, 19087.T3369 Hypericum wightianum subsp. axillare (Clusiaceae); CHA YU BIANDI JIN; Chayu St.John’swort. Isolated compounds: 10887.T3370 Hyphantria cunea ; Female fall webworm moth. Isolated compounds:15938.T3371 Hypocrella bambusae (Hypecreaceae); ZHU HONG JUN; BambusaHypocrella*. Used part: stroma. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, resolve toxin and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Rheumatic arthritis, leukoplakia of vulva. Isolated compounds: 16974.T3372 Hypodematium sinense (Hypodemaliaceae); SHAN DONG ZHONGZU JUE; Shandong Hypodematium. Used part: whole herb or leaf.TCM Effects: To harmonize stomach and check vomiting, calm liverand quiet spirit. TCM Indications: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness,insomnia. Isolated compounds: 10891.T3373 Hypoestes purpurea [Syn. Justicia purpurea; Hypoestes sinica](Acanthaceae); QIANG DAO YAO; Purple Hypoestes. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear lung and relieve cough, cool bloodand stanch bleeding, dissipate stasis and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Lung heat cough, hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, flooding and spotting, jaundice, diarrhea, stasisswelling from knocks and falls, bleeding knife wound, fracture.Isolated compounds: 2331, 3817, 4983, 9323, 9534, 10164, 10909,10910, 10911, 10912, 11972, 11973, 11974, 11975, 11978, 11981,13098, 14264, 14265, 15320, 19777, 20645, 22779.T3374 Hypoestes rosea (Acanthaceae); DAN HONG QIANG DAO YAO;Rose Hypoestes*. Isolated compounds: 10894.T3375 Hypoestes serpens (Acanthaceae); PU FU QIANG DAO YAO;Creeping Hypoestes*. Isolated compounds: 242, 5923, 6549, 8034,10257, 10258, 10260, 19761.Hypoestes sinica = Hypoestes purpureaT3376 Hypolepis punctata [Syn. Polypodium punctatum] (Dennstaedtiaceae);JI JUE; Punctate Flakelet Fern. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, promote contraction and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Burns and scalds, bleeding due to externalinjury. Isolated compounds: 10876, 10901, 10902, 10903, 16098,18098, 18140, 18141, 18143, 18144, 18161.T3377 Hypomyces sp. (Hypomycetaceae ). Isolated compounds: 10904,10905.T3378 Hypoxylon fuscum (Xylariaceae); AN ZONG TAN TUAN JUN.Isolated compounds: 4611, 4612, 4613, 21083.T3379 Hyptis fasciculata (Lamiaceae); CU SHENG SHAN XIANG;Fascicled Bushmint*. Isolated compounds: 13926, 13927, 14041.T3380 Hyptis pectinata (Lamiaceae); ZHI SHAN XIANG; Pectinat

470Bushmint*. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve heat, relievecough, expel roundworms [5509] . Isolated compounds: 16747, 16748,16749, 16750, 16751, 16752, 16753, 16754.T3381 Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae); SHE BAI ZI; Wild Spikenard. Usedpart: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior and disinhibit damp,move qi and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Common cold,wind-damp impediment pain, abdominal distention, diarrhea,dysentery, knocks and falls, eczema, dermatitis. Isolated compounds:20431, 20432.T3382 Hyptis tomentosa (Lamiaceae); RONG MAO SHAN XIANG;Tomentose Bushmint*. Isolated compounds: 19777.T3383 Hyptis verticillata (Lamiaceae); LUN SHENG SHAN XIANG;Verticillate Bushmint*. Isolated compounds: 2847, 5074, 20249.Hyssopus lophanthoides = Isodon lophanthoidesT3384 Hyssopus officinalis (Lamiaceae); SHEN XIANG CAO; MedicinalHyssop. Isolated compounds: 20570, 20571.IT3385 Iberis amara (Brassicaceae); QU QU HUA; Rocket Candytuft.Isolated compounds: 4323, 8598.T3386 Iberis umbellata (Brassicaceae); SAN XING QU QU HUA; GlobeCandytuft. Isolated compounds: 4317, 4319, 4320.T3387 Idesia polycarpa (Flacourtiaceae); SHAN TONG ZI; Manyfruit Idesia.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood, dissipatestasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Fracture, burns andscalds, bleeding due to external injury, blood ejection. Isolatedcompounds: 5068.T3388 Ilex chinensis [Syn. Ilex purpurea] (Aquifoliaceae); SI JI QING;Purpleflower Holly. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, close sores and engender flesh, quicken blood andstanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Angina pectoris, coronary heartdisease, thrombophlebitis, thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’sdisease), lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat, dysentery, diarrhea,infection of biliary tract , urinary tract infection, burns and scalds, heattoxin swollen welling abscess, ulcer of lower limb, eczema, frostbite,cracking, wound, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:2887, 5763, 10982, 16767, 17968, 18942, 20569.T3389 Ilex cornuta (Aquifoliaceae); GOU GU SHU PI; Chinese Holly Bark.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To supplement yin, boost liver andkidney, strengthen lumbus and legs. TCM Indications: Liver kidneyvacuity, weakness in lumbus and knees. Isolated compounds: 618,2858, 2892, 13098.T3390 Ilex cornuta (Aquifoliaceae); GOU GU YE; Chinese Holly Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear vacuity heat, boost liver and kidney,dispel wind-damp. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity taxation fever, coughand hemoptysis, dizzy head and vision, limp aching lumbus and knees,wind-damp impediment pain, white patch wind. Isolated compounds:618, 10985, 10986, 17697, 22270.T3391 Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae); GUAN CONG DONG QING; ShrubbyHolly*. Isolated compounds: 19342, 19343, 19344, 19345.T3392 Ilex kudingcha (Aquifoliaceae); KU DING CHA DONG QING;Kudincha Holly. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Ilex latifolia. TCMIndications: See Ilex latifolia. Isolated compounds: 10968, 10969,10970, 10971, 10972, 10973, 10974, 10975, 10976, 10977, 10978,10979, 10980, 12297, 12298, 12299, 12300, 12301, 12302, 12303,12304, 12305, 12306.T3393 Ilex latifolia (Aquifoliaceae); DA YE DONG QING; Broadleaf Holly.Equivalent plant: Ilex kudingcha. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Todissipate wind-heat, clear head and eyes, eliminate vexation and allaythirst. TCM Indications: Headache, toothache, red eyes, otitis media,febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 1113, 12547, 12548, 12549, 12550, 12551, 12552, 12553,12554, 12555, 12556, 12557, 12558, 13098, 22288.Ilex lepta = Evodia leptaT3394 Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae); BA LA GUI CHA; Paraguay Tea.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,eliminate inflammation, suppress cough and dispel phlegm, promotecontraction, disinhibit urine, free stool, induce sweat [5509] . TCMIndications: Rheumatis, scurvy, heart disease, stomach disease,diabetes [5509] . Isolated compounds: 2892, 13599, 13600, 13601, 13602.T3395 Ilex pedunculosa (Aquifoliaceae); CHANG GENG DONG QING;Longpedicel Holly. Used part: leaf, branch-leaf. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, dissipate stasis and stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, bleeding due toexternal injury, knocks and falls, cracking of skin, scar. Isolatedcompounds: 16766.T3396 Ilex pubescens (Aquifoliaceae); MAO DONG QING; Pubescent Holly.Equivalent plant: Ilex pubescens var. glaber. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood and freenetwork vessels. TCM Indications: Angina pectoris, acute myocardialinfarction, cerebral thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, thromboangiitisobliterans (Buerger’s disease), central retinitis, central angiospasticretinitis, wind-heat common cold, lung heat cough asthma, sorepharynx, nipple moth, gum swelling and pain, chest impediment andheart pain, wind stroke with hemiplegia, erysipelas, burns and scalds,welling abscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 6175, 10981,22615.T3397 Ilex pubescens var. glaber (Aquifoliaceae); TU MAO DONG QING;Glabrous Holly*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Ilex pubescens.TCM Indications: See Ilex pubescens. Isolated compounds: 5750,19542.Ilex purpurea = Ilex chinensisT3398 Ilex rotunda (Aquifoliaceae); JIU BI YING; Ovateleaf Holly. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibitdamp and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever,swelling pain in throat, stomachache, summerheat-damp diarrhea,jaundice, dysentery, knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain,eczema, sore and boil. Isolated compounds: 1113, 4246, 16766, 18942,19089, 19911.T3399 Illicium anisatum (Illiciaceae); RI BEN MANG CAO; JapaneseAnisetree. Isolated compounds: 1283, 1285, 1286, 18018.T3400 Illicium difengpi (Illiciaceae); DI FENG PI; Difengpi Anisetree.Equivalent plant: Illicium majus. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, move qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, taxation damage inlumbar muscle, centipede bite. Isolated compounds: 462, 5504, 13482,

47113483.T3401 Illicium henryi (Illiciaceae); HONG HUI XIANG; Henry Anisetree.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relieve pain,dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls,wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in lumbus and legs. Isolatedcompounds: 1283, 5204, 18018.T3402 Illicium jiadifengpi (Illiciaceae); JIA DI FENG PI; JiadifengpiAnisetree. Isolated compounds: 5, 4952, 4953, 6817, 6887, 7010, 9975,11868, 13409, 15432, 16308, 16309, 16395.T3403 Illicium majus (Illiciaceae); DA BA JIAO; Big Anisetree*. Used part:bark. TCM Effects: See Illicium difengpi. TCM Indications: SeeIllicium difengpi. Isolated compounds: 15432, 18051.T3404 Illicium merrillianum (Illiciaceae). Isolated compounds: 320, 1283,1285, 1286, 2809, 2812, 4523, 4811, 4896, 4917, 5193, 5203, 5474,5805, 9954, 9955, 9969, 9987, 9989, 10667, 13789, 16219, 16679,18051, 20716.T3405 Illicium minwanense (Illiciaceae); MIN WAN BA JIAO; MinwanAnisetree. Isolated compounds: 4, 5204, 7068, 9989, 9990, 9991,10668, 14704, 14875, 14876, 14877, 14877, 16413, 18018, 18051,19805.T3406 Illicium religiosum (Illiciaceae); DONG DU HUI; ReligiousAnisetree*. Isolated compounds: 19121, 19805.T3407 Illicium simonsii (Illiciaceae); YUN NAN BA JIAO; Yunnan Anisetree.Used part: ripe fruit or leaf. TCM Effects: To engender flesh and killworms. TCM Indications: Enduring sores, scab sore. Isolatedcompounds: 16311.T3408 Illicium tsangii (Illiciaceae); DU AI BA JIAO; Poisonous-shrub Anise*.Isolated compounds: 9733, 9734, 10242, 10243, 10689, 10690, 11304.T3409 Illicium verum (Illiciaceae); BA JIAO HUI XIANG; Star Anise. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm yang and dissipate cold, rectify qiand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Cold mounting with abdominalpain, kidney vacuity lumbago, vomiting with stomach cold, cold painin stomach duct and abdomen, septicemia. Isolated compounds: 1184,1185, 1186, 1282, 1284, 1289, 6310, 7385, 7853, 13883, 14062, 14063,14064, 14065, 14066, 14067, 18261, 18407, 22384, 22385.T3410 Impatiens balsamina (Balsaminaceae); FENG XIAN; Garden Balsam.Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, quicken bloodand relieve pain, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, pain from arthritis, painful swelling from knocksand falls, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, swollen welling abscess,erysipelas, goose-foot wind, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:1500, 11027, 21811.T3411 Impatiens balsamina (Balsaminaceae); FENG XIAN HUA; GardenBalsum Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andquicken blood, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Rheumatism numbness, lumbar and rib-side pain, amenorrhea anddysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, knocks and falls, wellingabscess and flat abscess, clove sore, goose-foot wind, ashen nail.Isolated compounds: 5011, 12580, 13456, 16777.T3412 Impatiens balsamina (Balsaminaceae); JI XING ZI; Garden BalsamSeed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To break blood and softenhard, disperse accumulation. TCM Indications: Concretion andconglomeration, lump glomus, amenorrhea, dysphagia-occlusion.Isolated compounds: 1500, 5200, 9651, 12580, 16667, 20566.T3413 Impatiens nolitangere (Balsaminaceae); SHUI JIN FENG; LightyellowSnapweed. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To quickenblood and regulate menstruation, dispel wind and eliminate damp.TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder [ = menoxenia], dysmenorrhea,menstrual block, knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain, leg qiswelling and pain, damp-swelling in scrotum, lichen sore, lai sore.Isolated compounds: 13127.T3414 Impatiens siculifer (Balsaminaceae); HUANG JIN FENG;Incurvedspur Snapweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and disperse swelling,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp bone pain,rheumatism numbness, knocks and falls, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 4140, 20168.T3415 Imperata cylindrica (Poaceae); YIN DU BAI MAO; Cogon Satintail.Isolated compounds: 11234.T3416 Imperata cylindrica var. major (Poaceae); BAI MAO GEN (1) ; LalangGrass Rhizome. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To cool blood andstanch bleeding, clear heat and engender liquid, disinhibit urine andfree strangury. TCM Indications: Acute nephritis with edema, acuteglomerulonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, acute hepatitis, bloodejection due to blood heat, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria,febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, jaundice, edema, heatstrangury with inhibited pain, measles papules. Isolated compounds:1178, 1823, 3907, 4545, 4546, 11000, 19901.T3417 Imperata cylindrica var. major (Poaceae); MAO CAO YE; LalangGrass Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, windpapules. Isolated compounds: 1615, 1616, 4546, 7759, 16294.T3418 Incarvillea arguta (Bignoniaceae); MA TONG HUA; SharptoothIncarvillea. Used part: whole herb with rhizome. TCM Effects: Tofortify spleen and disinhibit damp, move qi and quicken blood. TCMIndications: Diarrhea, dysentery, stomachache, pain in rib-side,wind-damp pain, menstrual disorder, swollen welling abscess, fracture.Isolated compounds: 1676, 1677, 1678, 4995, 5189.T3419 Incarvillea dissectifoliola (Bignoniaceae); SHEN LIE YE JIAO HAO;Deep-lobed-leaf Incarvillea*. Isolated compounds: 6518.T3420 Incarvillea sinensis (Bignoniaceae); JIAO HAO; Chinese Incarvillea.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, resolvetoxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls, mouth sore, gingiva ulcerating, ear sore, eczema,scab and lichen, trichomonas vaginalis. Isolated compounds: 11006,11007, 11008, 11009, 11010, 11011.T3421 Indigofera arrecta (Fabaceae); ZHI LI DIAN LAN. Isolatedcompounds: 12018.T3422 Indigofera heteranthazha (Fabaceae); YI HUA MU LAN;Different-flowered Indigo. Isolated compounds: 13252, 13261, 16886.T3423 Indigofera tinctoria (Fabaceae); MU LAN (2) ; True Indigo. Used part:stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool bloodand stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Encephalitis B, parotitis, acutepharyngolaryngitis, red eyes, lymphrnoditis, mouth sore, swollenwelling abscess, sore and boil, erysipelas, scab and lichen, snake orinsect bites, blood ejection. Isolated compounds: 4872, 4898, 11014,

47211023, 11024.T3424 Inga umbellifera (Fabaceae); SAN XING HUA XU YIN JIA; Inga*.Isolated compounds: 3310, 3311, 3312, 3313, 3314.T3425 Inonotus hispidus (Polyporaceae); CU YING MAO XIAN KONG JUN.Isolated compounds: 9567.T3426 Inula britannica (Asteraceae); DA HUA XUAN FU HUA CAO;British Inula Herb. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Inulajaponica. TCM Indications: See Inula japonica. Isolated compounds:2615, 10353, 16035, 18372, 18399.T3427 Inula britannica (Asteraceae); XUAN FU HUA; British Inula.Equivalent plant: Inula linariaefolia, Inula britannica var. chinensis.Used part: capitulum. TCM Effects: To downbear qi, disperse phlegm,move water, check vomiting. TCM Indications: Wind-cold cough,glomus fullness in chest and diaphragm, cough and asthma, abundantphlegm, vomiting and eructation, hard glomus below heart. Isolatedcompounds: 2052, 2887, 3551, 4135, 5763, 6918, 7557, 7768, 9818,11111, 11642, 12020, 16728, 17765, 18316, 18317, 19187, 19542,20566, 20704.T3428 Inula britannica var. chinensis (Asteraceae); ZHONG GUO XUANFU HUA; Chinese Inula. Used part: capitulum. TCM Effects: SeeInula britannica. TCM Indications: See Inula britannica. Isolatedcompounds: 2052, 4680, 8047, 11111, 12020, 15203, 17765, 18317,20281, 20704.T3429 Inula eupatorioides (Asteraceae); ZE LAN YANG ER JU;Eupatoriumlike Inula. Isolated compounds: 7075.T3430 Inula grandis (Asteraceae); DA YE TU MU XIANG; Largeleaf Inula.Isolated compounds: 834, 8982, 11203.T3431 Inula helenium (Asteraceae); TU MU XIANG; Elecampane Inula.Equivalent plant: Inula racemosa. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tofortify spleen and harmonize stomach, regulate qi and resolvedepression, relieve pain and quiet fetus. TCM Indications: Distendingpain in chest and rib-side, distending pain in stomach duct, vomitingand diarrhea, contusion in chest and rib-side, forking qi with pain,stirring fetus in pregnancy. Isolated compounds: 149, 834, 5648,11203.T3432 Inula helianthus-aquatica (Asteraceae); SHUI CHAO YANG;Aquatic-sunflower Inula. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and downbear fire, eliminate inflammation and move water,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold with headache, chestoppression with cough asthma, ascites, acute conjunctivitis, wind-firetoothache, mammary welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 7239.T3433 Inula japonica (Asteraceae); JIN FEI CAO; Japanese Inula. Equivalentplant: Inula britannica. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: Todownbear qi, disperse phlegm, move water. TCM Indications:Wind-cold cough, phlegm congestion and qi counterflow, glomusfullness in chest and diaphragm, cough and asthma with abundantphlegm, painful swelling from clove sore. Isolated compounds: 236,1888, 2615, 5648, 5741, 6114, 9754, 9756, 9770, 10111, 11108, 11109,11110, 11111, 11120, 11203, 11795, 13137, 20704, 21443, 21444,22746, 22747.T3434 Inula linariaefolia (Asteraceae); XIAN YE XUAN FU HUA;Linearleaf Inula. Used part: capitulum. TCM Effects: See Inulabritannica. TCM Indications: See Inula britannica. Isolatedcompounds: 2615, 11111.T3435 Inula magnifica (Asteraceae); MEI LI XUAN FU HUA; BeautifulInula*. Isolated compounds: 834.T3436 Inula nervosa (Asteraceae); XIAN MAI XUAN FU HUA; VeinedInula. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, freechannels and network vessels, disperse accumulation and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain, cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, food accumulation abdominal distention,dysphagia-occlusion, beriberi. Isolated compounds: 5921, 6375.T3437 Inula racemosa (Asteraceae); ZONG ZHUANG TU MU XIANG;Racemose Inula. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Inula helenium.TCM Indications: See Inula helenium. Isolated compounds: 834,11203, 11203.T3438 Inula royleana (Asteraceae); XI MA XUAN FU HUA; HimalayanInula. Isolated compounds: 1366, 11203, 13189, 18971.T3439 Inula sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 11794.T3440 Inula verbascifolia (Asteraceae); MAO RUI HUA YE TU MU XIANG;Mulleinleaf Inula*. Isolated compounds: 474, 475, 14667.T3441 Inula viscosa (Asteraceae); NIAN XING TU MU XIANG; WoodyFleabane. Isolated compounds: 20791.T3442 Iotrochota baculifera XIAO BANG XIOU QIOU HAI MIAN; SpongeIotrochota baculifera. Isolated compounds: 11124, 20224.T3443 Iphigenia indica (Liliaceae); CAO BEI MU; Indian Iphigenia. Usedpart: bulb. TCM Effects: To dissipate binds and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Carcinoma of mammary glands, nasopharyngealcarcinoma, carcinoma of salivary gland, scrofula, swelling of skin,pain wind. Isolated compounds: 3911, 4059, 7901, 13073.T3444 Ipomoea aquatica [Syn. Convolvulus repens; Ipomoea reptans](Convolvulaceae); WENG CAI; Aquatic Morning Glory. Used part:stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To cool blood and clear heat, disinhibit dampand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Nosebleed(epistaxis),hematochezia, hematuria, constipation, strangury-turbidity,hemorrhoids, swollen welling abscess, fracture, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 13127, 14487.T3445 Ipomoea argyrophylla (Convolvulaceae); YIN YE SHU; SilverleafMorningglory*. Isolated compounds: 3477, 7240, 13255.T3446 Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae); XI XIN YE QIAN NIU;Wildginger-leaf Morning Glory*. Isolated compounds: 4435, 4437.T3447 Ipomoea batatas [Syn. Convolvulus batatas] (Convolvulaceae); GANSHU; Sweet Potato. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To supplementcenter and harmonize blood, boost qi and engender liquid, loosenintestines and stomach, free stool. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuityedema, constipation, toxin swelling of sores. Isolated compounds:3209, 11130, 11131, 16333.T3448 Ipomoea cairica [Syn. Ipomoea palmata] (Convolvulaceae); WUZHAO LONG; Cairo Morningglory. Used part: Root or stem-leaf.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit water and freestrangury. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, inhibited urination,strangury, edema, swollen welling abscess and toxin of clove. Isolatedcompounds: 1621, 7232, 15086, 15806, 21490.T3449 Ipomoea hederacea (Convolvulaceae); LIE YE QIAN NIU; LobedleafMorningglory*. Isolated compounds: 16808.T3450 Ipomoea obscura (Convolvulaceae); XIAO XIN YE SHU;

473Smallheartleaved Morningglory. Isolated compounds: 11125, 11126,11127.Ipomoea palmata = Ipomoea cairicaT3451 Ipomoea regnellii (Convolvulaceae); RUI SHI QIAN NIU; RegnellMorningglory*. Isolated compounds: 18349, 18406.Ipomoea reptans = Ipomoea aquaticaT3452 Ipomoea tricolor (Convolvulaceae); SAN SE QIAN NIU; TrichroismMorningglory*. Isolated compounds: 3477, 13255.T3453 Ipomoea violacea (Convolvulaceae); QING ZI QIAN NIU; VioletMorningglory*. Isolated compounds: 3477, 13255.T3454 Iris bungei (Iridaceae); BENG GE YUAN WEI; Bunge Iris*. Isolatedcompounds: 11155, 11156, 11157, 11160, 11161, 11162, 11163,11166, 11167, 11168, 11169, 11170, 21411.T3455 Iris carthaliniae (Iridaceae); AI JI ZHONG ZHI YUAN WEI; EgyptPlanted Iris. Isolated compounds: 6241, 11180, 14740, 20903.T3456 Iris cristata (Iridaceae); SHI GUAN YUAN WEI; Crest Iris . Isolatedcompounds: 7067, 7120, 7148.T3457 Iris dichotoma (Iridaceae); BAI HUA SHE GAN; Vesper Iris. Usedpart: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,quicken blood and disperse swelling, relieve pain, relieve cough. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, gum swelling and pain, epidemicparotitis, mammary welling abscess, stomachache, hepatitis, liverspleen enlargement, lung heat cough, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 5426, 11141, 11154, 11164, 20900, 20901.T3458 Iris florentina (Iridaceae); XI OU YUAN WEI; Orris. Isolatedcompounds: 11141, 11141, 11153, 11183, 11184, 15203.T3459 Iris germanica (Iridaceae); DE GUO YUAN WEI; German Iris.Isolated compounds: 8349, 8350, 11133, 11141, 11152, 11154, 11158,11159, 11165, 11171, 11172, 20901.T3460 Iris halophila (Iridaceae); XI YAN YUAN WEI; Salt-loving Iris. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: See Iris lactea var. chinensis. TCMIndications: See Iris lactea var. chinensis. Isolated compounds: 9198,9199.T3461 Iris japonica (Iridaceae); HU DIE HUA; Fringed Iris. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swellingand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Hepatitis, liver enlargement, painin hepatic zone, stomachache, swelling pain in throat, hematochezia.Isolated compounds: 2215, 6769, 11466.T3462 Iris komonoensis (Iridaceae); RI BEN YUAN WEI; Japanese Iris*.Isolated compounds: 11141.T3463 Iris kumaonensis (Iridaceae); XI MA LA YA YUAN WEI; HimalayanIris*. Isolated compounds: 11173, 11174, 11175, 11176, 11177, 11178.T3464 Iris lactea var. chinensis [Syn. Iris pallasii var. chinensis] (Iridaceae);MA LIN ZI; Chinese Iris. Equivalent plant: Iris halophila. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dispel damp, resolve toxin andkill worms, stanch bleeding and settle pain. TCM Indications:Jaundice, strangury-turbidity, inhibited urination [=dysuria], intestinalwelling abscess, worm accumulation, malaria, wind-damp pain, throatimpediment, toothache, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis],swelling of sores, scrofula, mounting qi [=hernia], hemorrhoids, scalds,snake bite. Isolated compounds: 11179, 16543, 16544.Iris pallasii var. chinensis = Iris lactea var. chinensisT3465 Iris pallasii var. chinensis (Iridaceae); MA LIN; Chinese Iris. Isolatedcompounds: 11179.T3466 Iris potaninii (Iridaceae); JUAN QIAO YUAN WEI; Potanin Iris.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, expelworms. TCM Indications: Intestinal welling abscess, ascariasis,oxyuria. Isolated compounds: 5426, 6248, 6295, 6338, 11152, 11153,13964, 21189, 21936.T3467 Iris pseudacorus (Iridaceae); HUANG CHANG PU; Yellowflag Iris.Isolated compounds: 11179.T3468 Iris sanguinea (Iridaceae); DOU CHI CAO; Bloodred Iris. Used part:rhizome and root. TCM Effects: To disperse accumulation and movewater. TCM Indications: Stomachache, abdominal pain. Isolatedcompounds: 20505.T3469 Iris sp. (Iridaceae). Isolated compounds: 117.T3470 Iris spuria (Iridaceae); JIA YUAN WEI; False Iris*. Isolatedcompounds: 11134, 11135, 11136, 11137, 11138, 11139, 11140.T3471 Iris tectorum (Iridaceae); YUAN WEI; Roof Iris. Used part: leaf orwhole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispel windand disinhibit damp, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, hepatitis, liver enlargement,cystitis, wind-damp pain, painful swelling from knocks and falls, soreand boil, itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 6769, 11150, 11151, 11154,11181, 11182, 14144, 20900, 20901, 20904.T3472 Iris tingitana (Iridaceae); DAN JI ER YUAN WEI; Tingit Iris. Isolatedcompounds: 833.T3473 Iris unguicularis (Iridaceae); A ER JI LI YA YUAN WEI; Algerian Iris.Isolated compounds: 11141.T3474 Iryanthera polyneura. Isolated compounds: 9598.T3475 Isatis indigotica (Brassicaceae); BAN LAN GEN; Indigowoad Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, coolblood and disinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Epidemic encephalitis,measles papulis, parotitis, influenza, warm toxin macular eruption,ardent fever with headache, massive head scourge, throat pain,maculopapular eruption, epidemic parotitis, erysipelas, hepatitis,swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 618,1048, 2224, 2806, 5637, 6235, 10643, 11014, 11022, 11023, 11024,11028, 11030, 11186, 11187, 11190, 12227, 19187, 19909, 19935,19983, 19984, 20566, 21840, 22059.T3476 Isatis indigotica (Brassicaceae); DA QING YE; Indigo-coloured WoadLeaf. Equivalent plant: LU BIAN QING. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood and disperse macula. TCMIndications: Acute parotitis, encephalitis, hepatitis, lung abscess, acutegastroenteritis, infection of upper respiratory tract, warm evil inconstruction, ardent fever with clouded spirit, macular eruption andpapules, jaundice, heat dysentery, epidemic parotitis, throatimpediment, erysipelas, swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds:618, 8589, 8590, 9486, 11014, 11023, 11024, 11188, 15400, 18287,19983, 19984, 20446, 21334, 22059, 22060.T3477 Isatis tinctoria (Brassicaceae); OU ZHOU SONG LAN; Dyers Woad.Isolated compounds: 18287, 22059.T3478 Isodon albopilosus (Lamiaceae); BAI ROU MAO XIANG CHA CAI;Whitepilose Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 865.T3479 Isodon amethystoides (Lamiaceae); XIANG CHA CAI; Common

474Rabdosia. Used part: aerial parts or root. TCM Effects: Aerial parts:To clear heat and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and dissipate stasis,resolve toxin and disperse swelling; Root: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dispel stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Aerial parts:Damp-heat jaundice, strangury, edema, swelling pain in throat,impediment pain in joints, menstrual block, mammary welling abscess,hemorrhoids, effusion of back, knocks and falls, poisonous snake bite;Root: Poisonous snake bites, swelling toxin of sore and boil, achingsinews and bones, knocks and falls, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 528, 1037, 1038, 22635.T3480 Isodon angustifolia (Lamiaceae); XIA YE XIANG CHA CAI;Narrowleaf Rabdosia*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To fortifystomach and harmonize center, quicken blood and free network vessels.TCM Indications: Indigestion, Kersan disease with hypertonicity andpain, carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 1245, 6520.T3481 Isodon angustifolius var. glabrescens (Lamiaceae); MAO GENG XIAYE XIANG CHA CAI; Hairstalk Narrowleaf Rabdosia*. Isolatedcompounds: 458, 8462, 8463, 8464, 8465, 8466, 8467, 8468, 8469,8470, 8471, 8472, 8473, 8474, 8475, 8476, 8477, 8478, 8479, 8480,8481, 8482, 8483, 8484, 8485, 8486, 18461.T3482 Isodon bulleyana (Lamiaceae); CANG SHAN XIANG CHA CAI;Cangshan Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 2743.T3483 Isodon calcicola (Lamiaceae); JIN WU MAO HUI YAN XIANG CHACAi; Calcicole Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 2947, 2949, 2951,2953, 2954.T3484 Isodon dawoensis (Lamiaceae); DAO FU XIANG CHA CAI; DawoRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 4701.T3485 Isodon effusa (Lamiaceae); KAI ZHAN XIANG CHA CAI; SpreadingRabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 6710, 6711, 6712, 6713, 6714, 6715.T3486 Isodon enanderianus (Lamiaceae); ZI MAO XIANG CHA CAI;Purplehair Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 6783, 6784, 6785, 6786,6787, 6788, 6789, 6790, 6791, 6792, 6793, 6794, 6826, 10797, 13649,13650, 18456, 18457, 18459, 21123, 21564.T3487 Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora (Lamiaceae); SHU HUA MAO EXIANG CHA CAI; Laxflower Hairysepal Rabdosia. Isolatedcompounds: 12583, 12584, 12585, 12586, 12587, 12588, 12589,12590, 13523, 13537.T3488 Isodon flavidus (Lamiaceae); DAN HUANG XIANG CHA CAI;Yellowish Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 7812, 7813, 9545, 10122,19876.T3489 Isodon flexicaulis (Lamiaceae); ROU JING XIANG CHA CAI;Flexedstem Rabdosia . Isolated compounds: 7828.T3490 Isodon forrestii (Lamiaceae); ZI E XIANG CHA CAI; ForrestRabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 7915, 7916, 7917, 7918, 7919, 7920,7921, 11383, 18461, 18462.T3491 Isodon gesneroides (Lamiaceae); JU TAI XIANG CHA CAI;Gesnerialike Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 8366, 8367, 8368, 8369,8370.T3492 Isodon glutinosa (Lamiaceae); JIAO NIAN XIANG CHA CAI; SlimyRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 8791, 8792, 8793, 11384, 11385,17489.T3493 Isodon henryi (Lamiaceae); E XI XIANG CHA CAI; Henry Rabdosia.Isolated compounds: 6929, 9362.T3494 Isodon inflexa [Syn. Rabdosia inflexa] (Lamiaceae); NEI ZHE XIANGCHA CAI; Inflexed Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 11039, 11040,11041, 11042, 11043, 11044, 11045, 11046, 11047, 11048, 11049,11050, 11051, 11052, 11053, 11054, 11055, 11056, 18464, 18465,18484, 18485.T3495 Isodon irrorata (Lamiaceae); LU ZHU XIANG CHA CAI; DewRabdosia. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold, innominate toxinswelling, massive head scourge. Isolated compounds: 11185.T3496 Isodon japonica [Syn. Rabdosia japonica] (Lamiaceae); MAO YEXIANG CHA CAI; Japanese Rabdosia. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Hepatitis, gastritis, mastitis, amenorrhea, knocksand falls, pain in joints, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:6804, 6805, 6975, 6976, 11381, 11382, 11392, 11394, 11402, 12123,12537, 13319, 13544, 13545, 15652, 15653, 15988, 16183, 17717,18496, 18497, 18498, 18499, 18500, 18978, 19815, 20040, 20620,20621, 21572.T3497 Isodon japonica var. glaucocalyx (Lamiaceae); LAN E XIANG CHACAI; Bluesepal Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 393, 8514, 8515,8516, 8517, 8518, 8519.T3498 Isodon kameba (Lamiaceae); KA MEI XIANG CHA CAI; KameiRabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 12121, 12122, 12123, 12124, 12125,12708, 12709, 12710, 12711, 12712.T3499 Isodon kunmingensis (Lamiaceae); KUN MING XIANG CHA CAI;Kunming Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 18470, 18471, 18472,18473, 18474.T3500 Isodon lasiocarpa (Lamiaceae); CU GUO XIANG CHA CAI;Roughfruit Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 3219, 12534, 12536,12538, 12539, 12540, 18475.T3501 Isodon lasiocarpus (Lamiaceae); MIAN MAO GUO XIANG CHACAI; Woollyfruit Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 12537, 16183.T3502 Isodon latifolia var. reniformis (Lamiaceae); SHEN XING XIANGCHA CAI; Reniform Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 18621, 18622.T3503 Isodon leucophyllus (Lamiaceae); BAI YE XIANG CHA CAI;Whiteleaf Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 2116, 2117, 2118, 3165,6834, 10749, 10751, 11642, 12719, 12720, 12721, 12722, 12723,12724, 21184.T3504 Isodon liangshanica (Lamiaceae); LIANG SHAN XIANG CHA CAI;Liangshan Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 12739, 12740, 12741,12742, 12743, 12744, 12745.T3505 Isodon lihsienensis (Lamiaceae); LI XIAN XIANG CHA CAI; LihsienRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 12831.T3506 Isodon lophanthoides (Lamiaceae); XIAN WEN XIANG CHA CAI;Linearstripe Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 12990.T3507 Isodon lophanthoides [Syn. Rabdosia lophanthoides; Hyssopuslophanthoides; Plectranthus striatus; Isodon striatus] (Lamiaceae); XIHUA XIAN WEN XIANG CHA CAI; Linearstripe Rabdosia. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Rabdosia serra. TCM Indications:See Rabdosia serra. Isolated compounds: 12993, 12994, 12995, 12996,12997, 12998.T3508 Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardiana (Lamiaceae); XIA JI XIANWEN XIANG CHA CAI; Gerard Linearstripe Rabdosia*. Isolated

475compounds: 8331, 8332, 10256, 12991, 12992.T3509 Isodon loxothyrsa (Lamiaceae); WAN ZHUI XIANG CHA CAI;Bowedconical Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 13013, 18478, 18479.T3510 Isodon lungshengensis (Lamiaceae); LONG SHENG XIANG CHACAI; Longshen Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 11053, 13076, 13077,13078, 13079, 13080, 13081, 13082, 13083, 13118.T3511 Isodon macrocalyx (Lamiaceae); DA E XIANG CHA CAI; LargesepalRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 13304, 13305, 13306, 13307, 13308,13309, 13310.T3513 Isodon macrocalyx (Lamiaceae); DA E BIAN XING XIANG CHACAI orm; Largesepal Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 11056, 13311,13312, 13313, 13314.T3512 Isodon macrocalyx var. jiuhua (Lamiaceae); JIU HUA DA E XIANGCHA CAI; Jiuhua Largesepal Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 11889.T3514 Isodon megathyrsus (Lamiaceae); DA ZHUI XIANG CHA CAI;Bigthyrse Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 13649, 13650.T3515 Isodon melissoides (Lamiaceae); BAO YE XIANG CHA CAI;Bractleaf Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 4701, 13688, 13689, 13690,13691, 13692, 13693, 13694, 13695, 13696, 13697, 13698, 13699,13700, 13701, 13702, 13703, 13704, 13705, 13706, 13707, 22798.T3516 Isodon oresbia (Lamiaceae); SHAN DI XIANG CHA CAI; MontaneRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 620, 6178, 6714, 6804, 6806, 6807,13529, 15338, 15652, 16176, 16177, 16178, 20040, 21561, 21563,22270, 22581.T3517 Isodon parvifolia (Lamiaceae); XIAO YE XIANG CHA CAI;Smallleaf Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 243, 11599, 16683, 16684,16685, 16686, 16687.T3518 Isodon pharicus (Lamiaceae); CHUAN ZANG XIANG CHA CAI;Szechwan-Tibet Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 5696, 11395, 11396,11397, 11398, 11399, 18075, 18076, 18077, 18078, 18079, 18080.T3519 Isodon phyllostachys (Lamiaceae); YE SUI XIANG CHA CAI;Leafspike Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 17226, 17227, 17228.T3520 Isodon rosthornii (Lamiaceae); YING HUA XIANG CHA CAI;Rosthorn Rabdosia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To coursewind and overcome damp, transform phlegm and relieve cough,dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind damage andcommon cold, wind-damp impediment pain, cough and abundantphlegm, stasis swelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:18931, 18932, 18933, 18934, 18935.T3521 Isodon rubescens var. lushanensis (Lamiaceae); LU SHAN XIANGCHA CAI; Lushan Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 6808, 6975,11055, 11392, 11394, 12536, 13116, 13117, 13118, 13119, 13120,13121, 13122, 13123, 13124, 16183, 17717, 18499, 18501, 18502.T3522 Isodon rubescens var. lushiensis (Lamiaceae); LU SHI DONG LINGCAO; Lushien Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 1245, 6826, 9080,9081, 9082, 13066, 13067, 13068, 13069, 13070, 13071, 16758,18317, 19579.T3523 Isodon rugosus [Syn. Rabdosia rugosa] (Lamiaceae); ZHOU YEXIANG CHA CAI; Rugose Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 5554,5650, 5704, 6710, 6711, 6714, 12537, 16183, 19049, 19061.T3524 Isodon sculponeata [Syn. Rabdosia sculponeata] (Lamiaceae);HUANG HUA XIANG CHA CAI; Yellowflower Rabdosia. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, rectify qi.TCM Indications: Dysentery abdominal pain, foot lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 19574, 19575, 19576, 19577, 19578.T3525 Isodon setschwanensis (Lamiaceae); SI CHUAN XIANG CHA CAI;Sichuna Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 18490, 18491, 18492, 18493.T3527 Isodon shikokiana var. occidentalis (Lamiaceae); XI SI GUO XIANGCHA CAI; West-Shiko Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 7201, 14409,14727, 19806, 19807.T3526 Isodon shikokiana var.intermedius (Lamiaceae); JIAN XING SI GUOXIANG CHA CAI; Intermediate Shiko Rabdosia*. Isolatedcompounds: 11386, 19808, 19809, 19810, 19811, 19812.Isodon striatus = Isodon lophanthoidesT3528 Isodon ternifolia (Lamiaceae); NIU WEI CAO XIANG CHA CAI;Ternateleaf Rabdosia. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat, disinhibit damp, resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Common cold, influenza, cough with profuse phlegm,swelling pain in throat, toothache, jaundice, heat strangury, edema,dysentery, enteritis, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 11393, 11400, 11401, 18501, 18502, 18503, 18504,18505, 18506, 18507, 20979.T3529 Isodon ternifolius (Lamiaceae); CHONG YA YAO; TernateleafRabdosia. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disinhibit damp, resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Common cold, influenza, cough with profuse phlegm, swelling pain inthroat, toothache, jaundice, heat strangury, edema, dysentery, enteritis,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 11400, 11401,18508, 22270.T3530 Isodon trichocarpa (Lamiaceae); MAO GUO XIANG CHA CAI;Hairyfruit Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 5605, 6770, 6771, 6803,6804, 6806, 6808, 16183, 21561, 21563, 21564, 21565, 21566, 21567,21568, 21569, 21570, 21571, 21572, 21573, 21574.T3531 Isodon trichocarpus (Lamiaceae); HEI HUA YAN MING CAO;Blackflawer Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 11382, 15652.T3532 Isodon umbrosa (Lamiaceae); YIN DI KUAN YE XIANG CHA CAI;Shady Broadleaf Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 3950, 3952, 3954,3955, 3957, 18509, 22200, 22201, 22202.T3533 Isodon umbrosa var. latifolia (Lamiaceae); YIN DI XIANG CHA CAI;Shady Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 12121, 12122, 12123, 12124,12125, 12712, 13629, 18463, 18476.T3534 Isodon weisiensis (Lamiaceae); WEI XI XIANG CHA CAI; WeisiRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 22657.T3535 Isodon wikstroemioides (Lamiaceae); YAO HUA XIANG CHA CAI;Stringbushlike Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 22669, 22670, 22671,22672.T3536 Isodon xerophilus (Lamiaceae); HAN SHENG XIANG CHA CAI;Dry-living Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 6785, 12958, 18504, 18931,22786, 22787, 22788, 22789, 22790, 22791, 22792, 22793, 22794,22795.T3537 Isolona cauliflora (Annonaceae); JING SHENG HUA AI SUO LUONA. Isolated compounds: 3336, 3337, 3338, 3339.T3538 Isolona maitlandii (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 15797.T3539 Isoplexis sceptrum (Plantaginaceae). Isolated compounds: 19462.T3540 Isopyrum thalictroides (Ranunculaceae); TANG SONG CAOZHUANG BIAN GUO CAO; Meadowruelike Isopyrum. Isolated

476compounds: 11640, 11641, 11737.T3541 Isotoma longiflora [Syn. Laurentia longiflora] (Campanulaceae);TONG BAN CAO; Longflower Laurentia. Isolated compounds:12937.T3542 Iva asperifolia (Asteraceae); CAO YE YI WA JU. Isolated compounds:1888.T3543 Iva frutescens (Asteraceae); YI WA JU; Sumpweed. Isolatedcompounds: 3388, 9564.T3544 Iva microcephala (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 18029.T3545 Iva nevadensis (Asteraceae); NEI HUA YI WA JU. Isolatedcompounds: 16674.T3546 Iva sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 4087.T3547 Ixeris chinensis (Asteraceae); SHAN KU MAI; China Ixeris. Used part:whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disperse swelling and expel pus, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Intestinal welling abscess, pulmonary welling abscess,lung heat cough, enteritis, dysentery, cholecystitis, pelvic inflamation,swelling toxin of sore and boil, scrotal eczema, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, flooding, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3533, 3534, 3535, 11798, 11802, 11803, 12446.T3548 Ixeris sonchifolia (Asteraceae); BAO JING KU MAI CAI;Sowthistle-leaf Ixeris. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To relievepain and disperse swelling, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Headache, toothache, stomachache, postoperative pain,painful wound from knocks and falls, appendicitis, enteritis,pulmonary abscess, sore swollen throat, swelling welling abscess andsore and boil. Isolated compounds: 618, 11799, 11800, 11801, 20703.T3549 Ixora chinensis (Rubiaceae); LONG CHUAN HUA; Chinese Ixora.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood,dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Hypertension,menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, knocks and falls, swelling of soresand boils. Isolated compounds: 8277.JT3550 Jackiella javanica (Hepaticae); ZHAO WA JIA KE TAI; Japaneseliverwort. Isolated compounds: 4303, 7218, 7502, 22429, 22430.T3551 Jamesonia scammanae. Isolated compounds: 18154.T3552 Jamesoniella autumnalis (Jungermanniaceae); QIU YUAN YE TAI.Isolated compounds: 6999.T3553 Jamesoniella colorata (Jungermanniaceae); YUAN YE TAI;Jamesoniella colorata. Isolated compounds: 6474, 9478, 10302,10568, 10569, 10570, 11813, 11814, 11815, 16369, 22626.T3554 Jasminum grandiflorum (Oleaceae); SU XIN HUA; LargeflowerJasmine*. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: To soothe liver andresolve depression, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Painin stomach duct and rib-side due to liver qi depression, abdominal painand diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 11824, 11825.T3555 Jasminum nudiflorum (Oleaceae); YING CHUN HUA; Winter Jasmine.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin, disinhibitdamp. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, dribbling pain ofurination, pruritus of vulva, swelling toxin malign sore, knocks andfalls, bleeding knife wound. Isolated compounds: 11575, 11826, 11827,11828, 11829, 11830, 11831, 11832, 15863.T3556 Jasminum officinale (Oleaceae); SU FANG HUA; Common WhiteJasmine. Isolated compounds: 11824.T3557 Jasminum sambac (Oleaceae); MO LI HUA; Arabian Jasmine. Usedpart: flower. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain, repelfoulness and open depression. TCM Indications: Dysentery, dizzinessand headache, red eyes, sore toxin. Isolated compounds: 7391, 11824,12851, 14540.T3558 Jasminum sp. (Oleaceae). Isolated compounds: 11025.T3559 Jateorhiza palmata (Menispermaceae); FEI ZHOU FANG JI; CalumbaRoot. Isolated compounds: 3484, 16551, 16555.T3560 Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae); MA FENG SHU; Leprous Tree.Used part: bark and leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis and disperseswelling, stanch bleeding, relieve pain, kill worms and relieve itch.TCM Indications: Stasis swelling from knocks and falls, fracture andpain, contusion in joints, bleeding from wounds, leprosy (leprosy),scab and lichen, eczema, tinea capitis, ulcer of lower limb, foot lichen,trichomonas vaginalis. Isolated compounds: 254, 385, 3510, 6043,11836, 11837, 11838, 11839, 11840, 11841, 11842, 11848, 11850,16552, 16553, 16554.T3561 Jatropha gossypifolia (Euphorbiaceae); MIAN YE MA FENG SHU;Cotton-leaf Leprous Tree*. Isolated compounds: 11849.T3562 Joannesia princeps (Euphorbiaceae); BA XI QIAO AN MU; BrazilianJoan-wood*. Isolated compounds: 2440, 11212, 11213, 11214, 11215,11612, 17860.T3563 Juglans cinerea (Juglandaceae); HUI HU TAO; Butternut. Isolatedcompounds: 3983.T3564 Juglans mandshurica (Juglandaceae); HU TAO QIU; ManchurianWalnet. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp,drain liver and brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery,yellow thick vaginal discharge, red eyes with gall, sty, tearing withwind, bone tuberculosis. Isolated compounds: 5373, 5374, 5375,10187, 10747, 18588.T3565 Juglans mandshurica var. sieboldiana (Juglandaceae); DONG BEI HUTAO; Northeast Walnut*. Isolated compounds: 6005, 6006, 6007,6145, 10460, 10461, 10746, 10747, 11898, 11899, 11900, 11901,11902, 15253, 18588.T3566 Juglans nigra (Juglandaceae); HEI HU TAO; Black Walnut. Isolatedcompounds: 11903, 15184, 19910.T3567 Juglans regia (Juglandaceae); HU TAO QING PI; English WalnutExocarp. Used part: exocarp. TCM Effects: To relieve pain, relievecough, check diarrhea, resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications:Pain in stomach duct and abdomen, dysmenorrhea, enduring cough,chronic diarrhea and dysentery, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, intractable lichen, bald sores, white patch wind. Isolatedcompounds: 9719, 9720.T3568 Juglans regia (Juglandaceae); HU TAO REN; English Walnut Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and boostessence, warm lung and settle asthma, moisten intestines and free stool.TCM Indications: Enduring cough and asthma, bronchitis, lumbagoand limp leg, frequent urination, enuresis, impotence, emission,intestinal dry and constipation, stone strangury, sores and scrofula.Isolated compounds: 617, 618, 2331, 3301, 3303, 3774, 5521, 7518,8504, 8505, 8506, 9502, 9719, 9720, 10536, 11903, 12850, 14612,

47715255, 16765, 17754, 19056, 19277, 20256, 20310, 20389, 20910.T3569 Juglans regia (Juglandaceae); HU TAO SHU PI; English Walnut Bark.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To astringe intestines and checkdiarrhea, resolve toxin, relieve itch. TCM Indications: Diarrhea,dysentery, leprosy, scrotal wind, itchy skin. Isolated compounds:18588.T3570 Juglans regia (Juglandaceae); HU TAO YE; English Walnut Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To promote contraction and checkdischarge, kill worms, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Vaginaldischarge, scab sore, elephantiasis. Isolated compounds: 6731, 8095,9721, 11897, 15926.T3571 Juglans sp. (Juglandaceae). Isolated compounds: 19174.T3572 Juglans spp. (Juglandaceae). Isolated compounds: 10887, 16765.T3573 Juliania adstringens (Julianiaceae ). Isolated compounds: 6470, 6471,6478, 10089, 10090, 10363, 10364, 10585, 10586, 13591, 15931,16050, 16402, 19983.T3574 Junceella fragilis (Gorgonidae); CUI DENG XIN LIU SHAN HU;Gorgonian Junceella fragilis. Isolated compounds: 5296, 11944, 11947,11948, 17755.T3575 Junceella gemmacea (Gorgonidae); LEI DENG XIN LIU SHAN HU;Gorgonian Junceella gemmacea. Isolated compounds: 5296.T3576 Junceella juncea (Gorgonidae); DENG XIN LIU SHAN HU;Gorgonian Junceella juncea. Isolated compounds: 8264, 8265, 10548,11945, 11946, 11949, 11950, 11951, 11952, 11953, 11954, 11955,11956, 11957, 17755.T3577 Juncus acutus (Juncaceae); JIAN DENG XIN CAO; Acute Rush*.Isolated compounds: 5861, 6046, 6223, 7403, 17274.T3578 Juncus effusus (Juncaceae); DENG XIN CAO; Common Rush. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and free strangury,clear heart and downbear fire. TCM Indications: Strangury, edema,inhibited urination, damp-heat jaundice, insomnia and vexation, infantnight crying, throat impediment, mouth sore, wound. Isolatedcompounds: 9500, 9893, 9894, 10101, 10102, 11958, 11959, 11960,13772, 13924, 14922, 15814, 21612.T3579 Jungermannia exsertifolia ssp. cordifolia (Jungermanniaceae); XINXING SHEN YE YE TAI. Isolated compounds: 3167, 3168, 3177.T3580 Jungermannia sp. (Jungermanniaceae); XIN XI LAN YE TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 10274, 10287, 11962, 12167.T3581 Jungermannia truncata (Jungermanniaceae); JIE XING YE TAI.Isolated compounds: 172, 201, 5703, 5934, 5935, 7103, 7158, 10278,10279, 10280, 10283, 10284, 10286, 10287, 10288, 12174, 12182,18938.T3582 Juniperus chinensis var. kaizuka (Cupressaceae); LONG BAI; DragonJuniper. Isolated compounds: 6476, 7047, 9745, 16418.T3583 Juniperus communis (Cupressaceae); OU ZHOU CI BAI; CommonJuniper. Isolated compounds: 9, 2850, 3354, 4281, 4916, 6819, 11961,11966, 15705, 19983, 20465.T3584 Juniperus communis var. depressa (Cupressaceae); OU ZHOU CI BAIBIAN ZHONG; Common Juniper Variaty*. Isolated compounds: 4035,13642, 13643, 16079, 21765.T3585 Juniperus conferta (Cupressaceae); AN CI BAI; Shore Juniper.Isolated compounds: 15412.T3586 Juniperus erectopatens (Cupressaceae); ZHI LI CI BAI; Erect Juniper*.Isolated compounds: 17780.T3587 Juniperus excelsa (Cupressaceae); GAO DA CI BAI; High Juniper*.Isolated compounds: 11967.T3588 Juniperus formosana (Cupressaceae); CI BAI; Taiwan Juniper. Usedpart: root and root cortex or branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dry damp and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Measles papules with ardent fever, eczema, lichen sore. Isolatedcompounds: 12402, 12412.T3589 Juniperus horizontalis (Cupressaceae); PING PU YUAN BAI;Creeping Juniper. Isolated compounds: 4376.T3590 Juniperus macropoda (Cupressaceae); CHANG BING YUAN BAI;Longpetiole Juniper*. Isolated compounds: 11141.T3591 Juniperus occidentalis (Cupressaceae); XI FANG CI BAI; WesternJuniper. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376, 10688, 11968, 11969.T3592 Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae); CI GUI; Prickly Juniper. Isolatedcompounds: 15705, 22920.T3593 Juniperus phoenicea (Cupressaceae); FEI NI JI CI BAI; PoienicianJuniper. Isolated compounds: 10271, 11760, 11965, 13897, 14317,14495, 14496, 14504, 14644, 14647.T3594 Juniperus rigida (Cupressaceae); DU SONG SHI; Stiffleaf JuniperFruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, settle pain,eliminate damp, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Rheumatic arthritis,pain wind, nephritis, edema, urinary tract infection. Isolatedcompounds: 555, 556, 557, 562, 563, 1030, 1186, 2412, 2550, 2935,2936, 3194, 3241, 3242, 3768, 4281, 4550, 4916, 5747, 6198, 7410,7729, 7764, 9543, 9669, 10688, 13825, 13826, 15412, 17588, 20465,22770.T3595 Juniperus sabina (Cupressaceae); CHA ZI YUAN BAI; Savin Juniper.Isolated compounds: 1372, 16797, 17337, 17341, 17342, 17347,17592, 19101, 19427.T3596 Juniperus sabina var. tamariscifolia (Cupressaceae); CHENG LIU YEYUAN BAI; Tamarisk-leaf Juniper*. Isolated compounds: 1372.T3597 Juniperus scopulorum (Cupressaceae); LUO JI SHAN YUAN BAI;Western Red Cedar. Isolated compounds: 11421, 19121.T3598 Juniperus silicicola (Cupressaceae); NAN MEI ZHOU GUI; SouthernRed-cedar. Isolated compounds: 1372.T3599 Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae). Isolated compounds: 5543, 18864.T3600 Juniperus taiwaniana (Cupressaceae); SHAN CI BAI; Taiwan Juniper.Used part: root or fruit. TCM Indications: Enduring low fever, skinlichen. Isolated compounds: 15703, 21346, 21347, 21348, 22052.T3601 Juniperus thurifera (Cupressaceae); RU XIANG BAI; Mastic Juniper*.Isolated compounds: 3352, 3353, 17337.T3602 Juniperus thurifera var. africana (Cupressaceae); XIANG CI BAI FEIZHOU BIAN ZHONG; Mastic Africa Juniper*. Isolated compounds:11760, 13897, 14317, 14495, 14496, 14504, 14644, 14647.T3603 Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae); BEI MEI YUAN BAI; RedCedar. Isolated compounds: 3350, 3354, 17592.T3604 Jurinea alata (Asteraceae); YI CHI LING JU; Winged Jurinea*.Isolated compounds: 837.Jurinea souliei = Vladimiria soulieiT3605 Justicia betonica (Acanthaceae); YAO SHUI SU JUE CHUANG.Isolated compounds: 11983, 11984, 11985, 11986.T3606 Justicia ghiesbreghtiana (Acanthaceae). Isolated compounds: 11976.

478T3607 Justicia heterocarpa (Acanthaceae). Isolated compounds: 12799.T3608 Justicia hyssopifolia (Acanthaceae). Isolated compounds: 11982,19427.Justicia paniculata = Andrographis paniculataJusticia procumbens = Rostellularia procumbensT3609 Justicia procumbens var. leucantha (Acanthaceae); BAI HUA JUECHUANG; Whiteflower Rostellularia. Isolated compounds: 11979.Justicia purpurea = Hypoestes purpureaT3610 Justicia simplex (Acanthaceae); DAN JUE CHUANG; SimpleRostellularia. Isolated compounds: 11979, 19903.KT3611 Kadsura ananosma (Schisandraceae); BO LUO XIANG TENG.Isolated compounds: 1136, 1136, 1137, 1138, 1139, 1248.T3612 Kadsura angustifolia (Schisandraceae); XIA XIE NAN WU WEI ZI;Narrowleaf Kadsura*. Isolated compounds: 1246, 1247, 1248.Kadsura chenensis = Kadsura coccineaT3613 Kadsura coccinea [Syn. Kadsura chenensis; Kadsura hainanensis](Schisandraceae); LENG FAN TUAN[yn; Blacktiger Kadsura. Usedpart: root and trailing stem. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain,free network vessels and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Gastriculcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, acute gastroenteritis,wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, fracture, dysmenorrhea,postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, mounting qi (hernia). Isolatedcompounds: 144, 145, 2245, 3861, 9928, 9929, 11229, 11469, 11992,11996, 11997, 12003, 12011, 12014, 14356, 15422, 15423, 19493,19494, 19495, 19496.Kadsura hainanensis = Kadsura coccineaT3614 Kadsura heteroclita [Syn. Uvaria heteroclita] (Schisandraceae); YIXING NAN WU WEI ZI; Curious Kadsura. Used part: root or lianoidstem. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, move qi andrelieve pain, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, stomachache, abdominalpain, dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, knocks and falls,chronic pain in lumbus and legs. Isolated compounds: 144, 145, 9460,9461, 9462, 9463, 9464, 9465, 9466, 9928, 9929, 11993, 11994,13522, 15419, 19629.T3615 Kadsura interior (Schisandraceae); NEI NAN WU WEI ZI; FengqingKadsura. Used part: lianoid stem. TCM Effects: To engender bloodand harmonize blood, regulate menstruation and promote pregnancy.TCM Indications: Qi blood vacuity depletion, paralysis in limbs,wind-damp impediment pain, vacuity detriment sterility, emission,white turbidity, menstrual disorder, red and white vaginal discharge.Isolated compounds: 1210, 8906, 8908, 8912, 9463, 9465, 11099,11100, 11101, 11102, 11103, 11103, 11104, 11104, 11105, 11106,12012, 15422, 19497.T3616 Kadsura japonica (Schisandraceae); RI BEN NAN WU WEI ZI;Japanese Kadsura. Isolated compounds: 333, 12003, 12012.T3617 Kadsura lancilimba (Schisandraceae); PI ZHEN YE NAN WU WEI ZI;Lanceolate Kadsura*. Isolated compounds: 12477, 12478, 12479.Kadsura longipedunculata = Kadsura peltigeraT3618 Kadsura matsudai (Schisandraceae). Isolated compounds: 12004,19500, 19501, 19502, 20646.T3619 Kadsura peltigera [Syn. Kadsura longipedunculata] (Schisandraceae);CHANG GENG NAN WU WEI ZI; Longpeduncle Kadsura. Used part:root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To move qi, quicken blood, relievepain. TCM Indications: Qi stagnation abdominal distention, abdominalpain, stomachache, pain in sinews and bones, dysmenorrhea, knocksand falls, innominate toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 1206, 1207,1208, 1466, 2381, 3476, 11991, 11992, 11993, 11995, 11998, 11999,12000, 12001, 12002, 12003, 12013, 12966, 12967, 12968, 15419,15420, 15421, 16290, 16352, 19479, 19480, 19483, 19484, 19485,19486, 19492, 19497, 19499.T3620 Kaempferia galanga (Zingiberaceae); SHAN NAI; GalangaResurrectionlily. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To warm centerand move qi, disperse food, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Distentionfullness in chest and diaphragm, cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, non-digestion of food accumulation. Isolated compounds:2550, 3194, 7430, 7460, 7474, 9088, 12015, 12020, 14060, 14096,15938, 17056, 17136, 21953, 21972.T3621 Kaempferia marginata (Zingiberaceae); KU SHAN NAI; Bitter .Isolated compounds: 13560.T3622 Kaempferia pandurata (Zingiberaceae); TI QIN ZHUANG SHAN NAI;Fiddle-leaf Resurrectionlily*. Isolated compounds: 16603.T3623 Kalmia latifolia (Ericaceae); KUAN YE SHAN YUE GUI; MountainLaurel. Isolated compounds: 17170.T3624 Kalopanax pictum (Araliaceae); ZHUO SE CI QIU; PictureKalopanax*. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain, kill worms andrelieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,numbness in limbs, wind-fire toothache, knocks and falls, fracture,swelling of welling abscess, welling abscess and flat abscess withswelling sore, mouth sore, swelling hemorrhoids, sore and lichen.Isolated compounds: 9276, 17350, 17351.T3625 Kalopanax septemlobus (Araliaceae); CI QIU SHU PI; SeptemlobateKalopanax Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain, kill worms andrelieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,numbness in limbs, wind-fire toothache, knocks and falls, fracture,swelling of welling abscess, welling abscess and flat abscess withswelling sore, mouth sore, swelling hemorrhoids, sore and lichen.Isolated compounds: 3823, 9276, 12118, 12119.T3626 Kandelia candel (Rhizophoraceae); QIU QIE SHU; Kandelia. Isolatedcompounds: 678, 12128.T3627 Kayea assamica (Clusiaceae); Kayea assamica. Isolated compounds:21313, 21314, 21315, 21316.T3628 Kerria japonica (Rosaceae); DI TANG HUA; Japanese Kerria Flower.Used part: flower or branchlet-leaf. TCM Effects: To relieve coughand transform phlegm, disinhibit damp and disperse swelling, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Cough, wind-damp impediment pain,postpartum vacuity taxation, edema, inhibited urination, indigestion,swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, eczema, urticaria.Isolated compounds: 834, 8967, 9290, 13134, 16756.T3629 Kigelia pinnata (Bignoniaceae); DIAO DENG SHU; Sausagetree.Isolated compounds: 5174, 9988, 10105, 10107, 10825, 12225, 12501.T3630 Kleinhovia hospita (Myristicaceae); MIAN TOU YE; Smallleaf

479Knema. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To kill worms, treat lichen, drydamp and resolve itch. TCM Indications: Scab sore, lichen, erythraitch-pain, head louse. Isolated compounds: 15525, 19087.T3631 Knema globularia (Myristicaceae); XIAO YE HONG GUANG SHU;Small-leaf Knema. Isolated compounds: 5699, 13648, 20481.T3632 Knoxia valerianoides (Rubiaceae); HONG YA DA JI; Red Knoxia.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To drain water and expel rheum, resolvetoxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Edema distention fullness,phlegm-rheum rapid asthma, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore. Isolated compounds: 10530, 12237, 18329, 21730.T3633 Kobresia nepalensis (Cyperaceae ); NI BO ER SONG CAO; NepalKobresia*. Isolated compounds: 15478, 15479, 15480, 15481.T3634 Koelpinia linearis (Asteraceae); XIE WEI JU; Linear Koelpinia.Isolated compounds: 663, 8351, 12243, 12244, 12245, 15774, 20713.T3635 Koelreuteria paniculata (Sapindaceae); LUAN HUA; PaniculateGoldraintree Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear liverand brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Eye pain, eye swelling, red eyesand tearing. Isolated compounds: 3340, 12246, 14454.T3636 Koelreuteria paniculata (Sapindaceae); LUAN SHU; PaniculateGoldraintree Root-bark. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To clearliver and brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Eye pain and tearing, redeyes with gall. Isolated compounds: 5511, 5512, 6727, 6728, 7458,7470, 16607, 16608, 18412, 21042.T3637 Koelreuteria spp. (Sapindaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T3638 Kokoona ochracea ZHE HUANG KAO GU NA; Brown-yellowKokoona*. Isolated compounds: 15919, 15920, 15921, 15922, 15923.T3639 Kopsia flavida (Apocynaceae); HUANG HONG SE RUI MU;Yellow-red Kopsia*. Isolated compounds: 14319, 14584, 14585,14596.T3640 Kopsia fruticosa (Apocynaceae); HONG HUA RUI MU; RedflowerKopsia. Isolated compounds: 6473, 6878, 6941, 10293, 10517, 12261,12262, 12263, 12264, 12265, 12266, 12267, 12268, 12269, 12988,17555, 22372, 22373, 22374.T3641 Kopsia griffithii (Apocynaceae); MA LAI XI YA RUI MU; MalaysiaKopsia*. Isolated compounds: 827, 6879, 14373.T3642 Kopsia longiflora (Apocynaceae); CHANG HUA RUI MU;Longflower Kopsia*. Isolated compounds: 12268.T3643 Kopsia officinalis (Apocynaceae); YUN NAN RUI MU; MedicinalKopsia. Used part: fruit and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andquicken network vessels, eliminate inflammation and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, wind-damp impedimentpain, numbness in limbs. Isolated compounds: 17556.T3644 Kopsia pauciflora (Apocynaceae); SHAO HUA RUI MU; FewflowerKopsia*. Isolated compounds: 16731, 16732.T3645 Kummerowia striata (Fabaceae); JI YAN CAO; Striate Kummerowia.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,fortify spleen and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, summerheat-dampvomiting and diarrhea, jaundice, welling abscess boil and clove sores,dysentery, gan disease, blood strangury, coughing of blood,spontaneous external bleeding, knocks and falls, red and white vaginaldischarge. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1492, 12020, 13137, 13145,18409.T3646 Kyllinga brevifolia (Cyperaceae); SHUI WU GONG; ShortleafKyllinga. Used part: whole herb with rhizome. TCM Effects: Tocourse wind and resolve exterior, clear heat and disinhibit damp,quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold withheadache and fever, acute bronchitis, pertussis, malaria, jaundice,dysentery, chyluria, toxin swelling of sores, itchy skin, poisonoussnake bite, knocks and falls, rheumatic arthritis. Isolated compounds:22581.LT3647 Lablab niger (Fabaceae); BIAN DOU; Niger Bean*. Isolatedcompounds: 17047.T3648 Laburnum anagyroides (Fabaceae); DU DOU; Goldenchain Laburnum.Isolated compounds: 1134, 4594, 15555.T3649 Laccifer lacca (Lacciferidae); ZI CAO RONG; Lac. Used part: gum oflac insect. TCM Effects: To clear heat, cool blood, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Measles papules, non-eruption of measles, postpartumblood dizziness, vaginal discharge, swelling toxin of sore and scab.Isolated compounds: 887.T3650 Lactarius helvus (Russulaceae). Isolated compounds: 18273.T3651 Lactarius necator (Russulaceae). Isolated compounds: 17433, 17446.T3652 Lactarius pergamenus (Russulaceae); SI YANG PI ZHI RU GU;Parchment-like Milky*. Isolated compounds: 18273.T3653 Lactarius piperatus [Syn. Agaricus piperatus] (Russulaceae); LA RUGU; Peppery Milky. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and dissipate cold, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels.TCM Indications: Pain in lumbus and legs, numbness in limbs,hypertonicity of sinews and bones, convulsion of limbs. Isolatedcompounds: 17433, 17446, 22364.T3654 Lactarius rolemus (Russulaceae); DUO ZHI RU GU; Juicy Milky*.Isolated compounds: 7245.T3655 Lactarius subvellereus (Russulaceae); YA RONG GAI RU GU;Subtomentose Milky*. Isolated compounds: 3422.T3656 Lactarius torminosus (Russulaceae); MAO TOU RU GU; Pink-fringedMilky. Isolated compounds: 17433, 17446.T3657 Lactarius vellereus (Russulaceae); RONG BAI RU GU; FleecyMilk-cap. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To track wind anddissipate cold, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels. TCMIndications: Numbness in limbs, hemiplegia. Isolated compounds:10308, 10309, 10822, 11475, 11768, 12433, 12435, 18273, 22364,22365, 22366, 22367.T3658 Lactuca canadensis (Asteraceae); JIA NA DA WO JU; Canada Lettuce.Isolated compounds: 12447.T3659 Lactuca indica (Asteraceae); SHAN WO JU; Indian Lettuce. Used part:whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,quicken blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Swelling pain inthroat, intestinal welling abscess, swelling pain of sore and boil,postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, wart, flooding and spotting,bleeding from hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 1113, 1476, 3551,8351, 11642, 12441, 12442, 12443, 12444, 13137, 13147, 18317,19087, 20369.T3660 Lactuca laciniata (Asteraceae); SUI BIAN WO JU; Laciniate Lettuce*.Isolated compounds: 12446.

480T3661 Lactuca sariola (Asteraceae); SA LI LA WO JU; Sariola Lettuce*.Isolated compounds: 12446.T3662 Lactuca sativa (Asteraceae); WO JU; Garden Lettuce. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine, free milk, clear heat and resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Inhibited urination, hematuria, galactostasis,snake or insect bites, toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 5564, 12446,13147, 18374.T3663 Lactuca serriola (Asteraceae); YE WO JU; Prickly Lettuce. Isolatedcompounds: 5187, 12447.T3664 Lactuca virosa (Asteraceae); DU WO JU; Blue Lettuce. Isolatedcompounds: 12446, 12447.T3665 Laetia corymbulosa (Flacourtiaceae). Isolated compounds: 4111, 4112,4113.T3666 Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus (Polyporaceae); ZHU HONG LIUHUANG SE XUN KONG JUN; Vermeil-sulphureous Laetiporus*.Isolated compounds: 13592, 13593.T3667 Lagenaria breviflora (Cucurbitaceae); DUAN HUA HU LU;Shortflower Bottle Gourd*. Isolated compounds: 8065.T3668 Lagenaria siceraria var. depressa (Cucurbitaceae); HU GUA; BottleGourd . Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water, disperseswelling, free strangury, dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Edema,ascites, jaundice, diabetes mellitus, strangury, swollen welling abscess.Isolated compounds: 4317.T3669 Lagerstroemia fauriei (Lythraceae); FU RUI ZI WEI; FaurieCrapemyrtle*. Isolated compounds: 22433.Lagerstroemia flos-reginae = Lagerstroemia speciosaT3670 Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae); ZI WEI GEN; CommonCrapemyrtle Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, quicken blood and stanch bleeding, relieve pain.TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess,toothache, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 21955.T3671 Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae); ZI WEI HUA; CommonCrapemyrtle Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, quicken blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Postpartum flooding, concretion and conglomeration,flooding, vaginal discharge, scab and lichen, lai. Isolated compounds:4832, 5012, 8095, 14454, 14547, 17025.T3672 Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae); ZI WEI YE; Common CrapemyrtleLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit damp and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Dysentery,eczema, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 4832,4848, 4856, 5736, 12450.T3673 Lagerstroemia speciosa [Syn. Munchausia speciosa; Lagerstroemiaflos-reginae] (Lythraceae); DA HUA ZI WEI; Queen Crapemyrtle.Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To close sores, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 18206.T3674 Laggera alata (Asteraceae); LIU LENG JU; Winged Laggera. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, eliminate damp,transform stagnation, dissipate stasis, disperse swelling, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Common cold with cough, generalized pain,diarrhea, painful joints due to rheumatalgia, menstrual block, knocksand falls, welling abscess and clove sore, scrofula, damp toxin withpruritus. Isolated compounds: 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 4126, 7493,9939, 9940, 9941, 10072, 10223, 10224, 10225, 10987, 11349, 16361,21021, 21627.Lagopsis supina = Marrubium supinumT3675 Lagopsis supina (Lamiaceae); XIA ZHI CAO; Lagopsis. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To nourish body and quicken blood, clearheat and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder,postpartum abdominal pain due to stasis obstruction, dizzy head due toblood vacuity, hemiplegia, knocks and falls, edema, inhibited urination,red eyes with gall, welling abscess and sores, frostbite (kibe),toothache, itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 1484, 1487.T3676 Lagotis stolonifera (Scrophulariaceae); PU FU JING TU ER CAO;Creeping Lagotis*. Isolated compounds: 18219.T3677 Laguncularia racemosa (Combretaceae); JIA HONG SHU; WhiteMangrove. Isolated compounds: 13296.T3678 Laminaria japonica (Laminariaceae); KUN BU; Kelp Thallus.Equivalent plant: Ecklonia kurome, Undaria pinnatifida. Used part:dried thallus. TCM Effects: To soften hardness and dissipate binds,dispel phlegm, disinhibit water. TCM Indications: Goiter andtuberculosis, scrofula, bleeding, painful swollen testes, phlegm-rheumand edema, prevention of cataracts. Isolated compounds: 9392, 9495,12457, 13504, 13608, 14555, 15962, 15980.T3679 Lamiophlomis rotata [Syn. Phlomis rotata] (Lamiaceae); DU YI WEI;Common Lamiophlomis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and transform stasis, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, pain in sinews and bones,swelling pain in joints, dysmenorrhea, flooding and spotting. Isolatedcompounds: 1497, 1504, 4959, 12459, 12460, 12461, 12462, 12463.T3680 Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae); BAO GAI CAO; HenbitDeadnettle. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand free network vessels, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, pain in sinews and bones, numbness inlimbs, hemiplegia, facial paralysis, jaundice, deep-source nasalcongestion, scrofula, toxin swelling, yellow-water sore. Isolatedcompounds: 11128, 12456, 12458, 12464.T3681 Lamium barbatum (Lamiaceae); YE ZHI MA; Barbate Deadnettle.Used part: flower or whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool blood andstanch bleeding, quicken blood and relieve pain, disinhibit damp anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Lung heat hemoptysis, bloodstrangury, vaginal discharge, menstrual disorder, vacuity fever inchildren, knocks and falls, toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 12464,22158.Lamium chinense = Galeobdolon chinenseT3682 Lamium galeobdolon (Lamiaceae); YOU CHOU YE ZHI MA;Stoat-osmyl Deadnettle*. Isolated compounds: 9858.T3683 Lamium sp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9238.T3684 Lamptreomyces japonicus (Tricholomataceae); RI BEN CE ER.Isolated compounds: 12465.Lannea coromandelica = Lannea grandisT3685 Lannea grandis [Syn. Lannea coromandelica] (Anacardiaceae); HOUPI SHU; Coromandel Lannea. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To jointbones, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Fracture, tetrodon poisoning,cassava poisoning, pineapple poisoning. Isolated compounds: 3852,

4815825, 12488, 12714, 18378, 21909.T3686 Lansium domesticum (Meliaceae); ZAI ZHONG LANG SE MU;Cultivated Langsat*. Isolated compounds: 16305.T3687 Lantana camara (Verbenaceae); WU SE MEI; Common Lantana. Usedpart: leaf or branchlet. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and disperseswelling, dispel wind and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Swollenwelling abscess, damp toxin, scab and lai, sore toxin. Isolatedcompounds: 3024, 3025, 3026, 3027, 3028, 3241, 3242, 4550, 6169,6537, 8276, 9486, 9669, 12490, 12491, 12492, 12493, 12494, 12495,12496, 14208, 17696, 19987, 20255, 20280, 21327, 22396.T3688 Lappula echinata (Boraginaceae); DONG BEI HE SHI; EuropeanStickseed. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To expel worms. TCMIndications: Ascariasis, taeniasis, oxyuria disease. Isolated compounds:618, 4184, 14083.T3689 Lappula intermedia (Boraginaceae); ZHONG JIAN HE SHI;Intermediate Stickseed. Isolated compounds: 12535.Larix amabilis = Pseudolarix amabilisT3690 Larix gmelini (Pinaceae); LUO YE SONG; Dahurian Larch. Isolatedcompounds: 17876, 17884.T3691 Larix sp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 3981.T3692 Larix spp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 17399, 22581.T3693 Larrea divaricata (Zygophyllaceae); JI CHA KAI LA RUI A;Spreading Creosote-bush. Isolated compounds: 8289, 12526.T3694 Larrea sp. (Zygophyllaceae). Isolated compounds: 15741.T3695 Larrea tridentata (Zygophyllaceae); SAN CHI LA RUI A;Creosote-bush. Isolated compounds: 1476, 4940, 5652, 5864, 5865,6942, 7742, 7743, 7744, 7745, 7746, 8289, 9423, 10077, 12070,20978, 21105, 21711, 21771, 21857.T3696 Lasianthus acuminatissimus (Rubiaceae); CHANG WEI CU YE MU;Acuminate Lasianthus. Isolated compounds: 4716, 12531, 12532,12533.T3697 Lasianthus fordii (Rubiaceae); Fordi Lasianthus*. Isolated compounds:12528, 12529, 12530.T3698 Lasianthus wallichii (Rubiaceae); XIE JI CU YE MU; WallichLasianthus. Isolated compounds: 1892, 2296, 2477, 4659, 4716, 15697,16516.T3699 Lasiobema japonica (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 18323.T3700 Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae.Isolated compounds: 3179, 4861, 9979, 9980, 10315, 11825, 21311.T3701 Lasiosphaera fenzlii (Lycoperdaceae); MA BO; Bark-less Puff-ball.Equivalent plant: Lycoperdon pyriforme. Used part: sporocarp. TCMEffects: To clear lung and disinhibit throat, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Cough, aphonia, nosebleed(epistaxis), bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 4879, 7250, 22246, 22251.T3702 Lastrea thelpteris (Thelypteridaceae). Isolated compounds: 18162.T3703 Lathyrus cicera (Fabaceae); BIAN JIA SHAN LI DOU; DwarfChickling Pea. Isolated compounds: 9596.T3704 Lathyrus latifolius (Fabaceae); SU GEN XIANG WAN DOU;Everlasting Pea. Isolated compounds: 1057, 5351.T3705 Lathyrus montanus (Fabaceae); SHAN DI XIANG WAN DOU; BitterVetch. Isolated compounds: 16209.T3706 Lathyrus nissolia (Fabaceae); HE CAO XIANG WAN DOU; GrassVetchling. Isolated compounds: 15629.T3707 Lathyrus odoratus (Fabaceae); XIANG WAN DOU; Sweet Pea.Isolated compounds: 12542.T3708 Lathyrus palustris var. pilosus (Fabaceae); ROU MAO SHAN LI DOU;Pilosity Peavine*. Isolated compounds: 16579, 16580, 16581.T3709 Lathyrus pratensis (Fabaceae); MU DI XIANG WAN DOU; MeadowPeavine. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm andrelieve cough. TCM Indications: Bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonarywelling abscess, tuberculosis, scab and lichen, sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 13145.T3710 Lathyrus sativus (Fabaceae); CAO XIANG WAN DOU; Indian Pea.Isolated compounds: 1058, 2845, 9596.T3711 Lathyrus sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 10165, 13638.T3712 Lathyrus spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16209.T3713 Lathyrus sylvestris (Fabaceae); LIN SHENG SHAN LI DOU; WildPea. Isolated compounds: 5351.T3714 Launaea sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 3635.T3715 Laurencia caespitosa (Delesseriaceae); CU SHENG AO DING ZAO;Cluster Concave-top Alga*. Isolated compounds: 15910.T3716 Laurencia elata (Delesseriaceae); GAO AO DING ZAO; HighConcave-top Alga*. Isolated compounds: 6735.T3717 Laurencia glandulifera (Delesseriaceae); XIAO XIAN AO DING ZAO;Small-grand Concave-top Alga*. Isolated compounds: 8502.T3718 Laurencia majuscula (Delesseriaceae); LUE DA AO DING ZAO;Smaller Concave-top Alga*. Isolated compounds: 2623, 2624, 5399,5400, 6735, 11570, 15910, 20343.T3719 Laurencia mariannensis (Delesseriaceae). Isolated compounds: 2620,12616.T3720 Laurencia nidifica (Delesseriaceae); CHAO AO DING CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 11485, 12572.T3721 Laurencia nipponica (Delesseriaceae); HUANG SE AO DING CAO;Yellow Concave-top Alga*. Isolated compounds: 12565.T3722 Laurencia obtusa (Delesseriaceae); DUN XING AO DING ZAO;Blunt Concave-top Alga*. Isolated compounds: 15893, 15894, 15895,15898, 15910, 16300.T3723 Laurencia palisada (Delesseriaceae); SHAN ZHUANG AO DINGZAO. Isolated compounds: 16542.T3724 Laurencia sp. (Delesseriaceae). Isolated compounds: 2450, 2451, 4595,12615, 12617, 15899.Laurentia longiflora = Isotoma longifloraT3725 Laurus nobilis (Lauraceae); YUE GUI YE; Grecian Laurel Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To fortify stomach and rectify qi. TCMIndications: Distending pain in stomach duct and abdomen, knocksand falls, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 4891, 9451, 9732,12566, 15431, 22400, 22963.T3726 Laurus nobilis (Lauraceae); YUE GUI ZI; Grecian Laurel Fruit. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, resolve toxin, killworms. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, tetrodonpoisoning, scab and lichen, postauricular sore. Isolated compounds:391, 585, 4128, 7521, 8312, 8337, 12564, 12566.T3727 Lavandula luisieri (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6350, 14392,21193.T3728 Lavandula officinalis (Lamiaceae); YAO YONG XUN YI CAO;Medicinal Lavender*. Isolated compounds: 17408.

482T3729 Lavandula sp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3693.T3730 Lavandula spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17054.T3731 Lawsonia alba (Lythraceae); BAI SAN MO HUA; White Henna*.Isolated compounds: 12580, 12581, 12582.T3732 Lawsonia inermis (Lythraceae); ZHI JIA HUA YE; Henna Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and promote contraction. TCMIndications: Bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:12580, 15255, 21391.T3733 Leandra chaetodon (Melastomataceae). Isolated compounds: 1736,5773.T3734 Ledebouria graminifolia (Hyacinthaceae); HE CAO YE JIA BEIFANG FENG. Isolated compounds: 5838, 5992, 10030, 10409, 10676,21767, 21809, 21917.Ledebouriella seseloides = Saposhnikovia divaricataT3735 Ledum palustre (Ericaceae); LA BA CHA; Crystal Tea. Isolatedcompounds: 16577.Leibnitzia anandria = Gerbera anandriaT3736 Lemmaphyllum microphyllum (Polypodiaceae); LUO YAN CAO;Littleleaf Lemmaphyyllum Herb. Used part: whole herb with root.TCM Effects: To clear lung and relieve cough, cool blood and stanchbleeding, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, pulmonary welling abscess, hemoptysis, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria, hematochezia, flooding andspotting, swelling pain in throat, parotitis, dysentery, scrofula, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, damp itchy skin, wind-firetoothache, wind-damp bone pain. Isolated compounds: 6678, 6679,12620, 16110, 16111, 16112, 16113, 16114, 16115, 17660, 18162.T3737 Lemmaphyllum microphyllum var. obovatum (Polypodiaceae); DAOLUAN YE FU SHI JUE; Obovateleaf Lemmaphyllum*. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear lung and relieve cough, cool bloodand stanch bleeding, free network vessels and relieve pain, clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Pulmonary welling abscess,coughing of blood, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematuria, blood strangury, wind-damp pain, toothache, dysentery,wind papules, damp itchy skin, swollen boil and malign sore, syphilis.Isolated compounds: 2079, 12618, 13413, 13414, 16110, 16116,19829, 20709, 21174, 21404, 21405.T3738 Lemna minor (Lemnaceae); FU PING; Common Duckwood. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweat and resolve exterior,outthrust papules and relieve itch, disinhibit water and disperse edema,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-heat exteriorsyndrome, non-eruption of measles, dormant papules with pruritus,edema, dribbling urinary block, sore and lichen, erysipelas, scalds.Isolated compounds: 1521, 9492, 9494, 10161, 10253, 10354, 11699,17262.T3739 Lemna perpusilla (Lemnaceae); XI MAI FU PING; Minute Duckweed.Isolated compounds: 931.T3740 Lemnalia bournei BO LUN LIN HUA RUAN SHAN HU; SoftcoralLemnalia bournei. Isolated compounds: 12622.T3741 Lens culinaris (Fabaceae); BING DOU; Common Lentil. Isolatedcompounds: 9798, 10165, 20127, 22741.Lens phaseoloides = Entada phaseoloidesT3742 Lentinus edodes (Tricholomataceae); XIANG XUN; Champignon.Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and promotedigestion, dispel wind and outthrust papules, rectify qi and transformphlegm, resolve toxin, anticancer. TCM Indications: Weakness of rigthqi, fatigued spirit and hypodynamia, torpid intake, indigestion, bloodvacuity, rickets, hypertension, hyperlipemia, chronic hepatitis, nightsweating, urinary incontinence, edema, non-eruption of measles,urticaria, carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 109, 617, 624, 7250, 8003,9766, 11532, 12624, 13608, 15979, 19105, 21504, 21505, 21506.T3743 Lentinus lepideus (Tricholomataceae); BAO PI GU; Pardleather-likeMushroom. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To supplement qi andblood, boost heart and liver. TCM Indications: Qi-blood depletion,heart-spleen vacuity, fatigue hypodynamia, palpitation and insomnia.Isolated compounds: 10318, 11487, 12623, 14333, 14766.T3744 Leonotis nepetaefolia (Lamiaceae); JING JIE YE SHI ER CAO;Nepetaleaf Leontis. Isolated compounds: 15483.T3745 Leontice leontopetalum (Berberidaceae); HUA BAN SHI ZU CAO;Leontice*. Isolated compounds: 12641, 17007.T3746 Leontice robustum (Berberidaceae); HONG MAO QI; Robust Leontice.Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To quicken blood anddissipate stasis, dispel wind and eliminate damp, move qi and relievepain. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, postpartumblood stasis abdominal pain, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen,knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds:3340, 3341, 3342, 3343, 13089, 20717.T3747 Leontice smirnowii (Berberidaceae); SI MI SHI MU DAN CAO;Smirnow Leontice*. Isolated compounds: 20717.T3748 Leontice spp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T3749 Leontopodium alpinum (Asteraceae); GAO SHAN HUO RONGCAO; Alpine Edelweiss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tocourse wind and clear heat, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCMIndications: Fever due to external contraction, lung heat cough,bronchitis. Isolated compounds: 118, 119, 230, 2856, 6211, 6212,10526, 11339, 12178, 14394, 14767, 14893, 15886, 19894, 21898,21971.Leonurus artemisia = Leonurus heterophyllusT3750 Leonurus cardiaca (Lamiaceae); WEI YI MU CAO; StomachMotherwort. Isolated compounds: 816, 10135, 12625.T3751 Leonurus glaucescens (Lamiaceae); HUI BAI YI MU CAO;Glaucescent Motherwort. Isolated compounds: 12579, 12637, 12638.T3752 Leonurus heterophyllus [Syn. Leonurus artemisia] (Lamiaceae); YIMU CAO; Wormwood-like Motherwort. Equivalent plant: Leonurussibiricus. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andregulate menstruation, disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea,postpartum bleeding, persistent flow of lochia, edema, scant urine withedema, acute nephritis with edema. Isolated compounds: 6943, 6944,6945, 6946, 6947, 8092, 8289, 9068, 9069, 9468, 9559, 9560, 12626,12627, 12628, 12629, 12630, 12631, 12632, 12633, 12634, 12635,12636, 12646, 12648, 12649, 13647, 17807, 17810, 19087, 20254,21392.T3753 Leonurus persicus (Lamiaceae); BO SI YI MU CAO; PersiaMotherwort*. Isolated compounds: 308, 409, 2133, 4747, 5176, 5189,6946, 6947, 6948, 6949, 6950, 7090, 7526, 8094, 9814, 12647, 12648,

48312649, 12650, 12651, 12652, 12653, 12654, 12655, 12656, 12657,12658, 12659, 12660, 12661, 12662, 12664, 12725, 17779.T3754 Leonurus sibiricus (Lamiaceae); XI YE YI MU CAO; SiberianMotherwort. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Leonurusheterophyllus. TCM Indications: See Leonurus heterophyllus. Isolatedcompounds: 6617, 7020, 7021, 8289, 11488, 12639, 12640, 12645,12646, 12663, 12665, 12666, 13014, 13015, 15483, 19858, 19859,19860, 19861, 19862, 20254.T3755 Lepidium apetalum [Syn. Lepidium micranthum] (Brassicaceae); TINGLI ZI; Pepperweed Seed. Equivalent plant: Descurainia sophia,Lepidium virginicum. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To drain lung andcalm asthma, move water and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Phlegm-drool and congesting lung, cough and asthma with abundantphlegm, distention fullness in chest and rib-side, edema in chest andabdomen, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: 2294, 19909.T3756 Lepidium campestre (Brassicaceae); HUANG YE DU XING CAI;Field Pepperwort. Isolated compounds: 1599.T3757 Lepidium draba (Brassicaceae); MAO DU XING CAI; HoaryPepperwort. Isolated compounds: 7323, 14728, 20478.Lepidium micranthum = Lepidium apetalumT3758 Lepidium sativum (Brassicaceae); JIA DU XING CAI; Garden Cress.Used part: whole herb and seed. TCM Effects: To relieve cough anddispel phlegm, warm center, disinhibit urine, hasten delivery. TCMIndications: Cough, asthma, abundant phlegm, hiccough, diarrhea,dysentery, abdominal distention, edema, inhibited urination, scab andlichen. Isolated compounds: 3911, 8599, 19912.T3759 Lepidium virginicum (Brassicaceae); BEI MEI TING LI ZI; VirginiaPepperweed Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: See Lepidiumapetalum. TCM Indications: See Lepidium apetalum. Isolatedcompounds: 1599.T3760 Lepidolaena taylorii (Lepidolaenaceae); New Zealand liverwort.Isolated compounds: 19603, 19604, 19611, 19617.T3761 Lepidozia fauriana (Lepidoziaceae); DONG YA ZHI YE TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 1072, 1073, 1260, 1266, 5559, 5560, 7510.T3762 Lepidozia incurvata (Lepidoziaceae); WAN QU ZHI YE TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 2180, 2181, 2182, 2183, 2184, 2185, 2186, 3167, 3168,3177, 11604.T3763 Lepidozia vitrea (Lepidoziaceae); YING ZHI YE TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 177, 6739, 7509, 7510, 7511, 11254, 22439.T3764 Lepisorus thunbergianus (Polypodiaceae); WA WEI; Thunberg’sLepisorus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit urine and free strangury, stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Infant ardent fever, fright wind, swelling pain inthroat, swollen welling abscess and sores, poisonous snake bite,dribbling and inhibited voidings of urination, hematuria, cough andhemoptysis. Isolated compounds: 6679.T3765 Lepisorus ussuriensis (Polypodiaceae); WU SU LI WA WEI; UssuriLepisorus . Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit urine, relieve cough, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Inhibited urination, dribbling pain of urination, edema,bloody urine, damp-heat dysentery, asthma, sore swollen throat, toxinswelling of sores, wind-damp pain, menstrual disorder, knocks andfalls, bleeding knife wound. Isolated compounds: 21695.T3766 Lepista nuda (Tricholomataceae); ZI DING XIANG MO;Murasakishimeji (in Japanese). Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: Todispel damp and fortify spleen. TCM Indications: Leg qi. Isolatedcompounds: 6900, 7251.T3767 Leptospermum polygalifolium ssp. polygalifolium (Myrtaceae); YUANZHI YE AO ZHOU CHA; Australian Tea-tree. Isolated compounds:6036, 6037, 10424, 10425, 21198, 21199, 21200.T3768 Leptosphaeria maculans BAN DIAN XIAO QIU QIANG JUN.Isolated compounds: 17177, 17178, 17179, 17180, 17604, 17605,17606, 17607, 17608.T3769 Lespedeza bicolor (Fabaceae); HU ZHI ZI; Shrub Lespedeza. Usedpart: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and moisten lung,disinhibit urine and free strangury, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Lung heat cough, common cold with fever, pertussis, strangurysyndrome, spontaneous external bleeding, blood ejection, hematuria,hematochezia. Isolated compounds: 9616, 10096, 11642, 16196,21634.T3770 Lespedeza cuneata (Fabaceae); YE GUAN MEN; Cuneate Lespedeza.Used part: herb with root. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney andrough essence, fortify spleen and disinhibit damp, relieve cough anddispel phlegm, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Kidneyvacuity, emission, enuresis, frequent urination, white turbidity, vaginaldischarge, diarrhea, dysentery, edema, child gan accumulation, coughand asthma, knocks and falls, red eyes with gall, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore, poisonous insect stings. Isolated compounds:17391, 20385, 20444, 22581.T3771 Lespedeza cyrtobotrya (Fabaceae); DUAN GENG HU ZHI ZI;Shortstalk Bushclover. Isolated compounds: 12018.T3772 Lespedeza homoloba (Fabaceae); TONG XING LIE PIAN HU ZHI ZI;Homoloba Lespedeza*. Isolated compounds: 6086, 6105, 9189, 9190,12682, 12683, 12684, 12685, 12686, 12687, 12688, 12689, 12690,12691, 12692, 12693, 12694, 12695, 12696, 12697, 12698, 12699,12700, 12701, 12702, 12703, 12704, 12705, 12706.T3773 Lespedeza spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 22581.T3774 Lespedeza tomentosa (Fabaceae); XIAO XUE REN SHEN; WoollyLespedeza. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen andsupplement vacuity, clear heat and disinhibit damp, quicken blood andregulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation, dizzinessdue to anemia, edema, ascites, dysentery, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea.Isolated compounds: 21634.T3775 Lethariella cladonioides (Parmeliaceae); JIN SI SHUA; Gold-wireBrush*. Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To quiet spirit, calm liver,quicken blood, close sores. TCM Indications: Insomnia, epilepsy,dizziness, knocks and falls, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 873,9188, 14297, 14637, 15798.T3776 Lethariella zahlbruckneri (Parmeliaceae); JIN YAO DAI;Goldon-belt*. Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and regulate menstruation, stanchbleeding and settle pain. TCM Indications: Taxation damage pain inlumbus and legs, menstrual disorder, leukorrhea, incised wound andbleeding, dizziness. Isolated compounds: 14637.T3777 Lettowianthus stellatus (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 10154,11988, 12707, 12917, 13988, 14318, 15958.

484T3778 Leucaena glauca [Syn. Leucaena leucocephala] (Fabaceae); YIN HEHUAN; Hedge Acacia. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: Toresolve depression and quiet heart, resolve toxin and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Insomnia and vexation, palpitation and fearfulthrobbing, knocks and falls, fracture, pulmonary welling abscess,swollen welling abscess, scab sore. Isolated compounds: 14868,14869.Leucaena leucocephala = Leucaena glaucaT3779 Leucas aspera (Lamiaceae); FENG CHAO CAO; Rough Leucas. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, relieve cough,brighten eyes, free menstruation. TCM Indications: Common cold,headache, asthma, pertussis, swelling pain in throat, toothache,indigestion, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia], menstrual block, nightblindness, phlegmon. Isolated compounds: 1466, 3517, 10434, 13291,15202.T3780 Leucocarpus perfoliatus. Isolated compounds: 17513.T3781 Leucojum aestivum (Amaryllidaceae); XIA XUE PIAN LIAN;Summer Snowflake. Isolated compounds: 8083, 13237.T3782 Leucojum vernum (Amaryllidaceae); XUE PIAN LIAN; SpringSnowflake. Isolated compounds: 461, 8083, 9186, 9612, 13241.T3783 Leucopaxillus tricolor (Tricholomataceae); SAN SE BAI ZHUANGGU; Tricolor Leucopaxillus*. Isolated compounds: 21591, 21592.T3784 Leucothoe grayana (Ericaceae); MU LI LU; One Sided RacemesLeucothoe. Isolated compounds: 8993, 8994, 8995.T3785 Levisticum officinale (Apiaceae); OU DANG GUI; Garden Lovage.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and regulatemenstruation, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea, dizziness, headache, numbness in limbs, edema.Isolated compounds: 2791, 7768, 11642, 12825, 12826.T3786 Levisticum sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 12420.T3787 Liatris champmanii (Asteraceae); CHA SHI SHE BIAN JU;Champman Gay-feather*. Isolated compounds: 12746.T3788 Liatris elegans (Asteraceae); HUA LI SHE BIAN JU; PinkscaleGay-feather. Isolated compounds: 6737.T3789 Liatris provincialis (Asteraceae); TU ER FENG; ProvincialisGayfeather*. Isolated compounds: 17998.T3790 Liatris pycnostachya (Asteraceae); MI SUI HUA SHE BIAN JU;Kansas Gay-feather. Isolated compounds: 20160.T3791 Liatris scabra (Asteraceae); CU CAO SHE BIAN JU; ScabrousGay-feather*. Isolated compounds: 6737.T3792 Liatris sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 21507.T3793 Liatris spicata (Asteraceae); SHE BIAN JU; Gay-feather. Isolatedcompounds: 20160.T3794 Liatris squarrosa (Asteraceae); CU SHE BIAN JU; Scaly Blazing Star.Isolated compounds: 20160.T3795 Liatris tenuifolia (Asteraceae); XI YE SHE BIAN JU; Fine-leavedGay-feather*. Isolated compounds: 20160.T3796 Libanotis buchtormensis (Apiaceae); YAN FENG; Buchtorm Libanotis.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To effuse exterior and dissipate cold,dispel wind and eliminate damp, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, headache, toothache,wind-damp impediment pain, sinew and bone numbness, woundswelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 11834, 11835.T3797 Libanotis condensata (Apiaceae); MI HUA YAN FENG; DenseflowerLibanotis. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and freenetwork vessels, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Pain in joints due torheumatalgia, chest pain. Isolated compounds: 18165.T3798 Libanotis pyrenaicum (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17036.T3799 Libocedrus sp. (Cupressaceae). Isolated compounds: 1372.T3800 Ligularia calthaefolia (Asteraceae); LV TI CAO YE TUO WU;Marshmarigold-like Goldenray*. Isolated compounds: 2119.T3801 Ligularia clivorum (Asteraceae); SHAN GANG TUO WU; LeopardPlant. Isolated compounds: 3847.T3802 Ligularia dentata (Asteraceae); CHI YE TUO WU; ToothleafGoldenray. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Ligulariafischeri. TCM Indications: See Ligularia fischeri. Isolated compounds:3847, 12812.T3803 Ligularia dictyoneura [Syn. Senecio dictyoneurus] (Asteraceae);WANG MAI TOU WU; Netvein Goldenray. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To diffuse lung and rectify qi, eliminate phlegm and suppresscough. TCM Indications: Common cold, cough. Isolated compounds:12803, 12804, 12805.T3804 Ligularia elegans (Asteraceae); YA ZHI TUO WU; ElegantGoldenray*. Isolated compounds: 3847, 12812.T3805 Ligularia fischeri (Asteraceae); HU LU QI; Kidneyleaf Goldenray.Equivalent plant: Ligularia dentata, Ligularia intermedia, Ligulariasibirica. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm,relieve cough, rectify qi and quicken blood, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Cough, abundant phlegm and asthma, pertussis, pain inlumbus and legs, taxation damage, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3847, 8020, 10094, 12812, 12813, 12814, 12815, 12816.T3806 Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis (Asteraceae); HU LU QI BIANZHONG; Kidneyleaf Goldenray Variety*. Isolated compounds: 8020.T3807 Ligularia intermedia (Asteraceae); XIA BAO TUO WU; NarrowbractGoldenray. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Ligulariafischeri. TCM Indications: See Ligularia fischeri. Isolated compounds:10775.T3808 Ligularia japonica [Syn. Arnica japonica; Senecio japonica](Asteraceae); DA TOU TUO WU; Japanese Goldenray. Used part: rootand whole herb. TCM Effects: To soothe sinews and quicken blood,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Knocks andfalls, innominate toxin swelling, poisonous snake bite, welling abscessand boil, eczema. Isolated compounds: 17546, 19706.T3809 Ligularia lapathifolia (Asteraceae); NIU BANG YE DU WU;Dockleaf Goldenray. Used part: root, leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipatestasis and quicken blood, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Knocks andfalls, stasis swelling pain, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolatedcompounds: 1219, 1220, 1221, 1223, 1224, 1226, 1230.T3810 Ligularia nelumbifolia (Asteraceae); LIAN YE TUO WU;Waterlilyleaf Goldenray. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To relievecough and transform phlegm, dispel wind. TCM Indications:Wind-cold cough, phthisis. Isolated compounds: 6381, 8327, 8328,15326, 15327, 15328, 15329.T3811 Ligularia platyglossa (Asteraceae); KUAN SHE TUO WU;Broad-tongue Goldenray*. Isolated compounds: 16330.T3812 Ligularia sagitta (Asteraceae); JIAN YE TOU WU GEN; Arrowleaf

485Goldenray Root. Isolated compounds: 1228, 1229, 5959, 5977, 6238,13098, 14170, 14171, 19983, 22270.T3813 Ligularia sibirica (Asteraceae); XI BO LI YA TOU WU; SiberianGoldenray. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Ligulariafischeri. TCM Indications: See Ligularia fischeri. Isolated compounds:12813.T3814 Ligularia sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 21507.T3815 Ligularia stenocephala (Asteraceae); ZHAI TOU TUO WU;Narrowhead Goldenray. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat,resolve toxin, dissipate binds, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Mammary welling abscess, edema, scrofula, tetrodon poisoning.Isolated compounds: 6255, 7578, 10775, 12806, 12807, 12808, 12809,12810, 12811.T3816 Ligularia tongolensis (Asteraceae); DONG E LUO DU WU; TongolGoldenray. Isolated compounds: 7228, 14169, 21818, 21819.T3817 Ligularia virgaurea ssp. oligocephala (Asteraceae). Isolatedcompounds: 5883, 6063, 10401, 10563, 21429, 21430, 21431.T3818 Ligulariopsis shichuana (Asteraceae); JIA TUO WU; FalseGoldenray*. Isolated compounds: 123, 1225, 16419, 19707.Ligusticum acutilobum = Angelica acutilobaT3819 Ligusticum brachylobum (Apiaceae); DUAN PIAN GAO BEN;Shortlobe Ligusticum. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelicadecursiva. TCM Indications: See Angelica decursiva. Isolatedcompounds: 2803, 7768, 12825.T3820 Ligusticum chuanxiong [Syn. Ligusticum wallichii] (Apiaceae);CHUAN XIONG; Chuanxiong (Wallich Ligusticum). Equivalent plant:Cnidium officinale. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To move qi andquicken blood, dispel wind and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Cerebral ischemia, postpartum pain, acute icterohepatitis, menstrualdisorder, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, concretion andconglomeration, chest and rib-side stabbing pain, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, headache, wind-damp impediment pain.Isolated compounds: 2791, 2794, 2796, 2797, 2803, 2887, 3589, 3615,3631, 3632, 3633, 3858, 5589, 5590, 5599, 5763, 5782, 6192, 7071,7444, 7452, 7453, 7467, 7469, 7471, 7768, 7852, 9486, 10489, 12825,12826, 12891, 14001, 14484, 14554, 14655, 14669, 15370, 16404,18656, 19648, 19732, 19733, 19734, 19735, 19736, 19737, 19738,19739, 19740, 19741, 19742, 19743, 19744, 19745, 19983, 20137,21939, 22325, 22336, 22627.T3821 Ligusticum elatum (Apiaceae); GAO DANG GUI; High Ligusticum*.Isolated compounds: 2284, 11834.T3822 Ligusticum jeholense (Apiaceae); LIAO GAO BEN; Jehol Ligusticum.Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: See Ligusticum sinense.TCM Indications: See Ligusticum sinense. Isolated compounds: 2803,7768, 12825, 12826, 15204, 15427, 15515.T3823 Ligusticum scoticum (Apiaceae); SU GE LAN DANG GUI; ScotsLovage. Isolated compounds: 6193.T3824 Ligusticum sinense (Apiaceae); GAO BEN; Chinese Ligusticum.Equivalent plant: Ligusticum jeholense. Used part: rhizome and root.TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and resolve exterior, dispel wind andeliminate damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Headache due toexternally contracted wind-cold, vertex headache, pain in tooth andcheek, migraine, wind-cold-damp impediment, pain in limbs. Isolatedcompounds: 2803, 3855, 3990, 5590, 7768, 11552, 12578, 12825,12827, 14012, 15204, 15370, 19737, 19738.T3825 Ligusticum sinense cv. chaxiong (Apiaceae); CHA XIONG; ChaxiongLigusticum. Isolated compounds: 2791, 7768, 15370, 19737, 19738.T3826 Ligusticum sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2309.Ligusticum wallichii = Ligusticum chuanxiongT3827 Ligustrum japonicum (Oleaceae); RI BEN NV ZHEN; Japanese Privet.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear liver fire, resolve heat toxin.TCM Indications: Dizziness and dim vision, acute conjunctivitis, oralgan, tooth decay, innominate toxin swelling, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 15439, 16080, 16081.T3828 Ligustrum lucidum (Oleaceae); NV ZHEN ZI; Glossy Privet Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To supplement liver and kidney,brighten eyes and blacken hair. TCM Indications: Septicemia, chronicbronchitis, acute dysentery, dizziness and tinnitus, premature grayingin beard and hair, dim vision. Isolated compounds: 266, 530, 10324,11565, 12828, 12830, 13053, 13054, 13055, 13056, 13504, 15439,15865, 15866, 15873, 16050, 16071, 16080, 16081, 18792, 22270.T3829 Ligustrum robustum (Oleaceae); CU ZHUANG NV ZHEN; JapanesePrivet. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind-heat, clearhead and eyes, allay vexation and thirst. TCM Indications: Headache,toothache, sore pharynx, lip sore, tinnitus, red eyes, hemoptysis,summerheat-heat and vexation and thirst. Isolated compounds: 580,1492, 1497, 12817, 12818, 12819, 12820, 12821, 12822, 12823,12824, 16252, 16253.T3830 Ligustrum sinense (Oleaceae); NV ZHEN XIAO LA SHU; ChinesePrivet. Used part: bark and branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, lung heat cough, sore swollenthroat, mough and tongue sores, damp-heat jaundice, dysentery,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, eczema, dermatitis, knocksand falls, scalds. Isolated compounds: 19926.T3831 Ligustrum vulgare (Oleaceae); OU ZHOU NV ZHEN; European Privet.Isolated compounds: 3686.Lilium brownii var. colchesteri = Lilium brownii var. viridulumT3832 Lilium brownii var. viridulum [Syn. Lilium brownii var. colchesteri](Liliaceae); BAI HE; Greenish Lily. Equivalent plant: Lilium tigrinum,Lilium pumilum, Lilium longiflorum. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: Tonourish yin and moisten lung, clear heart and quiet spirit. TCMIndications: Yin vacuity enduring cough, phlegm containing blood,fright palpitation and vacuity vexation, insomnia and frequentdreaming, trance. Isolated compounds: 2658, 3911, 6776, 8610, 15408,18571, 18573, 20067, 20369.T3833 Lilium candidum (Liliaceae); QING LIANG BAI HE; Madonna Lily.Isolated compounds: 3695, 8705, 10458, 10723, 10724, 14093, 16587,20222.T3834 Lilium hansonii (Liliaceae); HUANG BAI HE; Hanson Lily. Isolatedcompounds: 4293, 11842, 22976.Lilium lancifolium = Lilium tigrinumT3835 Lilium longiflorum (Liliaceae); SHE XIANG BAI HE; LongflowerLily. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Lilium brownii var. viridulum.TCM Indications: See Lilium brownii var. viridulum. Isolatedcompounds: 1358, 18572, 18573, 18574.

486T3836 Lilium pumilum [Syn. Lilium tenuifolium] (Liliaceae); XI YE BAI HE;Low Lily. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Lilium brownii var.viridulum. TCM Indications: See Lilium brownii var. viridulum.Isolated compounds: 3142, 3146.T3837 Lilium sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 4448.T3838 Lilium speciosum x L. nobilissimum (Liliaceae); ZA JIAO BAI HEx;Hybrid Lily*. Isolated compounds: 5040.Lilium tenuifolium = Lilium pumilumT3839 Lilium tigrinum [Syn. Lilium lancifolium] (Liliaceae); JUAN DAN;Tiger Lily. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Lilium brownii var.viridulum. TCM Indications: See Lilium brownii var. viridulum.Isolated compounds: 1358, 3142, 12833, 18571, 18575.T3840 Limnophila rugosa (Scrophulariaceae); SHUI HUI XIANG; WinkedMarshweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To fortify spleenand disinhibit damp, rectify qi and transform phlegm. TCMIndications: Edema, stomachache, distention fullness in chest andabdomen, cough and asthma, child milk accumulation, sore and boil.Isolated compounds: 1186, 1284, 7385, 13883.T3841 Limonium bonduellii (Plumbaginaceae); A ER JI LI YA BU XUE CAO;Algerian Statice. Isolated compounds: 3432.T3842 Limonium gmelinii (Plumbaginaceae); BU XUE CAO; GmelinSealavender Herb. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To stanch bleedingand dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Static blood, flooding andspotting, carcinoma of uterine cervix. Isolated compounds: 4450,5011.T3843 Linaria dalmatica (Scrophulariaceae); DA ER MA WEI YA LIUCHUAN YU; Balkan Toadflax. Isolated compounds: 12015.T3844 Linaria japonica (Scrophulariaceae); HAI BIN LIU CHUAN YU;Japanese Toadflax. Isolated compounds: 12856, 12857, 12858, 12859.T3845 Linaria vulgaris (Scrophulariaceae); LIU CHUAN YU; YellowToadflax. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Headache, dizziness, jaundice, hemorrhoids, constipation, skindiseases, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 480, 2276, 2278, 2279,6359, 8759, 10821, 12916, 16756, 16770, 20569, 21079.T3846 Lindelofia stylosa (Boraginaceae); MING XIAN HUA ZHU CHANGZHU LIU LI CAO; Longstyle Lindelofia. Isolated compounds: 2805,6365, 7457, 7478, 12420, 14556, 18925.Lindera aggregata = Lindera strychnifoliaT3847 Lindera angustifolia (Lauraceae); XIA YE SHAN HU JIAO;Narrowleaf Spicebush. Used part: root or branch-leaf. TCM Effects:To dispel wind, eliminate damp, move qi and dissipate cold, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-cold commoncold, headache, wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs,dysentery, enteritis, knocks and falls, toxin swelling of sores, urticaria,scrofula. Isolated compounds: 7397.T3848 Lindera benzoin (Lauraceae); GUI PI DIAO ZHANG; Spicebush.Isolated compounds: 15902, 15903, 16832.T3849 Lindera chunii (Lauraceae); DING HU DIAO ZHANG; Chun’sSpicebush. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, move qi and loosen center, dissipate stasis and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Wind-damp bone pain, distending pain in stomachduct and abdomen, painful wound from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 9444, 9449, 9451, 12573, 12860, 12861, 12862, 12863,12864, 12865, 12868, 12871, 12872, 14483, 15929, 16342, 16344,18053, 20407, 20408.Lindera erythrocarpa = Lindera umbellataT3850 Lindera glauca (Lauraceae); SHAN HU JIAO; Greyblue Spicebush.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipate cold,move qi and relieve pain, calm asthma. TCM Indications: Cold pain instomach duct and abdomen, glomus fullness, asthma. Isolatedcompounds: 2557, 3241, 3242.T3851 Lindera glauca (Lauraceae); SHAN HU JIAO YE; GreyblueSpicebush Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin andcure sores, dispel wind and relieve pain, relieve itch, stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Toxin swelling of sores, wind-damp impedimentpain, knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, itchy skin,snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 15727.T3852 Lindera megaphylla (Lauraceae); HEI KE NAN; Largeleaf Spicebush.Used part: root, bark or branch. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, warm center and move qi, disperse swelling andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,impediment pain numbness, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen,mounting qi, swelling pain in throat, lichen sore. Isolated compounds:12877, 14161, 14483, 14640, 15738, 15802, 15803.T3853 Lindera obtusiloba (Lauraceae); SAN ZUAN FENG; JapaneseSpicebush. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To warm center and moveqi, quicken blood and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Pain in heartand abdomen, knocks and falls, blood stasis swelling and pain, soretoxin. Isolated compounds: 2836, 2837, 3040, 4843, 4844, 11566,11567, 11568, 15902, 15903, 15904, 20369, 21045.T3854 Lindera strychnifolia [Syn. Lindera aggregata] (Lauraceae); WU YAO;Combined Spicebush. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To normalizeqi and relieve pain, warm kidney and disperse cold. TCM Indications:Distending pain in chest and abdomen, qi counterflow with rapidasthma, bladder vacuity cold, enuresis and frequent urination,mounting qi, dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 3241, 3464, 4942,9669, 9670, 11494, 11495, 12573, 12866, 12867, 12868, 12869, 12870,12871, 12872, 12874, 12875, 15428, 20409, 20412, 20413.T3855 Lindera triloba (Lauraceae); SAN YE DIAO ZHANG; ThreeleafSpicebush*. Isolated compounds: 19837.T3856 Lindera umbellata [Syn. Lindera erythrocarpa] (Lauraceae); DIAOZHANG GEN PI; Largeleaf Spicebush Root-bark. Used part: rootcortex. TCM Effects: To warm stomach and center, move qi andrelieve pain, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications:Running piglet, beriberi, edema, scab and lichen, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 3702, 4936, 5969, 12564, 12573,15500.T3857 Lindera umbellata [Syn. Lindera erythrocarpa] (Lauraceae); DIAOZHANG ZHI YE; Largeleaf Spicebush Branch-leaf. Used part:branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and kill worms, close soresand stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Scab and lichen with itchingsores, bleeding due to external injury, cracking of hands and feet.Isolated compounds: 16697.T3858 Linum album (Linaceae); BAI YA MA; White Flax. Isolatedcompounds: 5093, 16793, 16794.

487T3859 Linum usitatissimum (Linaceae); YA MA; Common Flax. Used part:root, leaf. TCM Effects: To calm liver, quicken blood. TCMIndications: Liver wind headache, knocks and falls, swollen wellingabscess and clove sores. Isolated compounds: 8316, 9616, 11773,12854, 12891, 12893, 12895, 12896, 13003, 15429, 16196, 22464.T3860 Linum usitatissimum (Linaceae); YA MA ZI; Common Flax Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To nourish blood and dispel wind,moisten dryness and free stool. TCM Indications: Leprosy, dry crackedskin, itchy skin, hair loss, sores eczema, intestinal dry and constipation.Isolated compounds: 4511, 4512, 4513, 4514, 6729, 12854.T3861 Liparis auriculata (Orchidaceae); ER XING YANG ER LAN;Auriculate Twayblade*. Isolated compounds: 2015.T3862 Liparis loeselii (Orchidaceae); LUO XI YANG ER SUAN; Fen Orchid.Isolated compounds: 2015.T3863 Liparis nervosa (Orchidaceae); JIAN XUE QING; Nervate Twayblade.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanchbleeding, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Stomach heatblood ejection, lung heat hemoptysis, intestinal wind bleeding,flooding and spotting, bleeding during operation, bleeding due toexternal injury, toxin swelling of sores, poisonous insect stings, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 15506, 15511.Lippia citriodora = Verbena triphyllaT3864 Lippia dulcis (Verbenaceae); TIAN SHE CAO; Sweet-tongue Lippia*.Isolated compounds: 580, 3745, 4830, 6148, 6930, 6951, 6953, 7591,9450, 10751, 11195, 12456, 12902, 19211.T3865 Lippia nodiflora (Verbenaceae); PENG LAI CAO; Knotteflower PhylaHerb. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and clearheat, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Throatmoth, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, heatdysentery, strangury, gan of teeth and gum, zoster. Isolated compounds:7556, 7557, 15648, 15649, 15650.T3866 Liquidambar formosana [Syn. Liquidambar taiwaniana](Hamamelidaceae); FENG XIANG SHU; Beautiful Sweetgum Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain, resolvetoxin, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Pain in stomach duct,abdominal pain due to summerheat damage, dysentery, diarrhea,swollen welling abscess and sores, eczema, blood ejection, hemoptysis,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 6482, 12843,15179, 20988.T3867 Liquidambar formosana [Syn. Liquidambar taiwaniana](Hamamelidaceae); LU LU TONG; Beautiful Sweetgum. Used part:inflorescence. TCM Effects: To expel wind and eliminate damp,soothe liver and quicken network vessels, disinhibit water. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs,hypertonicity of limbs, pain in stomach duct and abdomen,amenorrhea, galactostasis, edema distention fullness, eczema. Isolatedcompounds: 231, 2338, 2558, 3303, 12904, 12906, 20417, 20418.T3868 Liquidambar orientalis (Hamamelidaceae); SU HE XIANG; OrientalSweetgum Resin. Used part: balsam from trunk. TCM Effects: Toopen orifices, break foul, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind strokewith phlegm reversal, sudden clouding collapse, cold pain in chest andabdomen, fright epilepsy, warm disease. Isolated compounds: 3695,6980, 16402, 20417, 22336.Liquidambar taiwaniana = Liquidambar formosanaT3869 Liquor JIU Liquor. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and free vessels,dissipate cold, free medicinal strength. TCM Indications: Wind-coldimpediment pain, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, chestimpediment, cold pain in heart and abdomen. Isolated compounds:1103, 1104, 7418, 7423, 8808, 13456, 16010.T3870 Liriodendron spp. (Magnoliaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T3871 Liriodendron tulipifera (Magnoliaceae); BEI MEI E ZHANG QIU;Yellow Poplar. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve cough. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, wind-cold cough. Isolated compounds:2838, 4923, 7030, 7031, 11083, 12897, 12917, 16339, 16973, 19540,22103.T3872 Liriope muscari (Liliaceae); DUAN TING SHAN MAI DONG;Short-stipe Liriope*. Isolated compounds: 4188, 4299, 12919, 16050,22270.T3873 Liriope platyphylla (Liliaceae); KUO YE SHAN MAI DONG;Broadleaf Liriope*. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Liriopespicata. TCM Indications: See Liriope spicata. Isolated compounds:16147, 19070.T3874 Liriope spicata (Liliaceae); SHAN MAI DONG. Equivalent plant:Liriope platyphylla. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To nourish yinand engender liquid. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity lung dryness,cough of profuse phlegm, stomach yin insufficiency, dry mouth andthroat, intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 19070.T3875 Liriope spicata var. prolifera (Liliaceae); HU BEI SHAN MAI DONG;Hubei Liriope. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Ophiopogonjaponicus. TCM Indications: See Ophiopogon japonicus. Isolatedcompounds: 618, 19071, 19072.T3876 Litchi chinensis (Sapindaceae); LI ZHI; Lychee. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To engender liquid and boost blood, rectify qi and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Vexation and thirst, hiccough, stomachache,scrofula, swelling of clove, toothache, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 7852, 7853.T3877 Litchi chinensis (Sapindaceae); LI ZHI HE; Lychee Seed. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To rectify qi, dispel cold, relieve pain, resolvebinds. TCM Indications: Mounting qi pain, painful swollen testes,premenstrual abdominal pain, postpartum abdominal pain. Isolatedcompounds: 14358.T3878 Lithocarpus polystachyus (Fagaceae); DUO SUI SHI KE YE;Manyspike Tanoak Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, transform phlegm, dispel wind, lower bloodpressure. TCM Indications: Hypertension, damp-heat diarrheadysentery, lung heat cough, sores with welling abscess and flat abscess,dry-itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 1113, 6918, 10645, 12921, 12922,14351, 21878.T3879 Lithocarpus sp. (Fagaceae). Isolated compounds: 20711.T3880 Lithospermum arvense (Boraginaceae); MAI JIA GONG; CornGromwell. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm center and move qi,disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Stomach colddistending pain, hyperchlorhydria, painful swelling from knocks andfalls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 7996.T3881 Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Boraginaceae); ZI CAO; Redroot

488Gromwell. Equivalent plant: Arnebia guttata, Arnebia euchroma. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To cool blood and quicken blood, resolvetoxin and outthrust papules. TCM Indications: Macula, measlespapules, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria,purpura, jaundice, welling abscess and flat abscess, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 244, 309, 514, 908, 910, 1233, 1234, 1259, 1744, 2887,5214, 5258, 6302, 6303, 6539, 6722, 6726, 10266, 10535, 11107,11300, 11765, 12927, 12928, 14120, 14202, 15145, 15850, 15851,15852, 15853, 15854, 15953, 17933, 18780, 19819, 19820, 19821,19822, 19823, 19824, 19825, 20968, 21039.T3882 Lithospermum officinale (Boraginaceae); BAI GUO ZI CAO;Common Gromwell. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Arthritis. Isolatedcompounds: 1745, 12925, 19819.T3883 Lithospermum ruderale (Boraginaceae); LU BIAN ZI CAO; WildGromwell*. Isolated compounds: 12925.T3884 Lithraea caustica SHENG MU. Isolated compounds: 16622.T3885 Litsea cubeba (Lauraceae); CHENG QIE ZI; Mountain Spicy Tree.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm center and relieve pain, moveqi and quicken blood, calm asthma, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, asthma, cold pain in stomachduct and abdomen, food accumulation and qi distention, stomachreflux vomiting, summerheat stroke with vomiting and diarrhea,diarrhea, cold mounting with abdominal pain, cold-damp water drumdistention, inhibited urination, opacity of urine, toxin swelling of sores,toothache, cold-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3767, 4843, 11344, 12573, 13373.T3886 Litsea euosma (Lauraceae); QING XIANG MU JIANG ZI; FourflowerLitse. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and move qi,fortify spleen and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Abdominal distention and pain, summerheat-damp vomiting anddiarrhea, pain in joints, edema, innominate toxin swelling. Isolatedcompounds: 10525.T3887 Litsea glutinosa (Lauraceae); CHAN GAO MU JIANG ZI; GlueyLitse. Used part: bark and leaf. TCM Effects: To draw out toxin andengender flesh, stanch bleeding, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, knocks andfalls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2538.T3888 Litsea glutinosa var. glabrara (Lauraceae); WU MAO CHAN GAOSHU; Glabrous Litse*. Isolated compounds: 11256.T3889 Litsea gracilipes (Lauraceae); XI BING MU JIANG ZI; SlenderstalkLitse*. Isolated compounds: 7512.T3890 Litsea grandis (Lauraceae); DA MU JIANG ZI; Grand Litse*. Isolatedcompounds: 8979.T3891 Litsea laurifolia (Lauraceae); YUE GUI SHU YE MU JIANG ZI;Laurelleaf Litse*. Isolated compounds: 2538.T3892 Litsea leefeana (Lauraceae); LI FEI MU JIANG ZI; Leefe Litse*.Isolated compounds: 2538.T3893 Litsea pungens (Lauraceae); ZHEN CAI; Pungent Litse. Used part:wood. TCM Indications: Cough of phlegm-rheum,accumulation-gathering and distention-fullness, beriberi, sore and scabin children. Isolated compounds: 4843, 5968, 6543, 12564, 12574,16562, 21044.T3894 Litsea salicifolia (Lauraceae). Isolated compounds: 15738.T3895 Litsea sebifera (Lauraceae); LA ZHI MU JIANG ZI; Waxy Litse*.Isolated compounds: 585.T3896 Litsea turfosa (Lauraceae); NI ZHAO MU JIANG ZI; Sloughy Litse*.Isolated compounds: 2538, 4906.T3897 Litsea verticillata (Lauraceae); DIE DA LAO; Whorlleaf Litse. Usedpart: stem-leaf or root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and free networkvessels, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs, stomachache,dysmenorrhea, painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 1473, 5046, 6909, 6910, 6911, 7504, 11784, 12929,12930, 12931, 12932, 12933, 15966, 22428.T3898 Lobelia chinensis [Syn. Lobelia radicans] (Campanulaceae); BANBIAN LIAN; Chinese Lobelia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:To disinhibit urine and disperse edema, clear heat and resolve toxin,lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Edema, edema and enlargedabdomen, edema in face and foot, swollen welling abscess and clovesores, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 9818, 11506, 12937,12938, 12939, 12940, 18524, 18525, 20444.T3899 Lobelia hassleri (Campanulaceae); HA SHI SHAN GENG CAI;Hassler Lobelia*. Isolated compounds: 12937, 12939.T3900 Lobelia inflata (Campanulaceae); BEI MEI ZHOU SHAN GENG CAI;Indian Tobacco. Isolated compounds: 11507, 12937, 12939.T3901 Lobelia nicotianaefolia (Campanulaceae); YAN CAO HUA SHANGENG CAI; Nicotianflower Lobelia*. Isolated compounds: 12939.Lobelia radicans = Lobelia chinensisT3902 Lobophytum sp. Isolated compounds: 888, 890, 1759, 1760, 1761,7248, 8674, 9488, 10158, 15673.T3903 Lolium multiflorum (Poaceae); DUO HUA HEI MAI CAO; ItalianRyegrass. Isolated compounds: 1342, 22158.T3904 Lonchocarpus atropurpureus (Fabaceae); Lancepod. Isolatedcompounds: 5972, 21719.T3905 Lonchocarpus latifolius (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6222, 6229,6309, 13933, 14368.T3906 Lonchocarpus sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 4872.T3907 Lonchocarpus xuul (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 5103, 14105,20170, 22810.T3908 Lonicera bournei (Caprifoliaceae); XI NAN REN DONG;South-western Honeysuckle. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: SeeLonicera japonica. TCM Indications: See Lonicera japonica. Isolatedcompounds: 2572, 2573, 7425.T3909 Lonicera confusa (Caprifoliaceae); HUA NAN REN DONG; WildHoneysuckle. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: See Lonicerajaponica. TCM Indications: See Lonicera japonica. Isolatedcompounds: 3551.T3910 Lonicera fulvotomentosa (Caprifoliaceae); HUANG HE MAO RENDONG; Yellowhair Honeysuckle. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects:See Lonicera japonica. TCM Indications: See Lonicera japonica.Isolated compounds: 2887, 3551, 7995, 9276, 13137, 19317.T3911 Lonicera hypoglauca (Caprifoliaceae); XIAN YE REN DONG;Glaucousback Honeysuckle. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: SeeLonicera japonica. TCM Indications: See Lonicera japonica. Isolatedcompounds: 3551.

489T3912 Lonicera japonica (Caprifoliaceae); JIN YIN HUA; JapaneseHoneysuckle. Equivalent plant: Lonicera confusa, Lonicerahypoglauca, Lonicera fulvotomentosa, Lonicera macranthoides,Lonicera bournei, Lonicera similis. Used part: flower bud. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Infection ofupper respiratory tract, tonsillitis, acute laryngitis, skin suppurations,welling abscess, viral conjunctivitis, influenza, pneumonia, mastitis,acute appendicitis, warm disease fever, heat toxin blood dysentery,swollen welling abscess and clove sores, throat impediment. Isolatedcompounds: 878, 879, 1511, 2275, 2280, 2284, 2353, 2887, 3231,3551, 3602, 3768, 7469, 7521, 7734, 8312, 8701, 9260, 9520, 10735,11083, 11084, 11085, 11121, 11327, 11328, 12849, 12853, 12949,12950, 12985, 12986, 12987, 12989, 13137, 13298, 13299, 13302,13303, 14162, 14554, 14557, 14664, 15520, 17094, 17376, 19983,19987, 20369, 20995.T3913 Lonicera japonica (Caprifoliaceae); REN DONG TENG; JapaneseHoneysuckle Vine. Used part: stem-branch. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, free network vessels. TCM Indications: Warmdisease fever, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, heat toxinblood dysentery, wind-damp-heat impediment. Isolated compounds:1577, 3342, 3551, 9262, 9263, 9268, 9269, 9270, 9271, 9272, 9276,12987, 13140, 16049, 16053, 16054, 19624, 19636, 22606.T3914 Lonicera macranthoides (Caprifoliaceae); HUI ZHAN MAO RENDONG; Largeflower-like Honeysuckle. Used part: flower bud. TCMEffects: See Lonicera japonica. TCM Indications: See Lonicerajaponica. Isolated compounds: 13298, 13299, 13300, 13301.T3915 Lonicera morrowii (Caprifoliaceae); MO LUO SHI REN DONG;Morrow Honeysuckle. Isolated compounds: 12229, 14982.T3916 Lonicera nigra (Caprifoliaceae); HEI REN DONG; BlackHoneysuckle. Isolated compounds: 2973, 16050.T3917 Lonicera quinquelocularis (Caprifoliaceae); WU SHI REN DONG;Five-room Honeysuckle*. Isolated compounds: 1517, 12950, 20503.T3918 Lonicera similis (Caprifoliaceae); XI ZHAN MAO REN DONG;Shortbraet Honeysuckle. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: SeeLonicera japonica. TCM Indications: See Lonicera japonica. Isolatedcompounds: 2887, 3551, 11328.T3919 Lonicera sp. (Caprifoliaceae). Isolated compounds: 3981.T3920 Lophatherum gracile (Poaceae); DAN ZHU YE; CommonLophatherum. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat andeliminate vexation, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Febrile diseaseswith vexation and thirst, inhibited voidings of reddish urine, dribblingpain of urination, mouth sore, tongue sores. Isolated compounds: 1823,4546.T3921 Lophatherum gracile (Poaceae); DAN ZHU YE GEN; CommonLophatherum Root. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Fever, thirst,vexation, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: 1823, 4546.T3922 Lophopetalum wallichii (Celastraceae); WO LI HE GUAN BAN;Wallich Crestpetal-tree. Isolated compounds: 15919.T3923 Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae); AN LU LONG SHE LAN; Peyote.Isolated compounds: 6559, 13001, 13795, 14583, 22158.T3924 Lophytum sp. Isolated compounds: 21820.Loranthus chinenis = Loranthus parasiticusT3925 Loranthus parasiticus [Syn. Loranthus chinenis; Taxillus chinensis](Loranthaceae); SANG JI SHENG; Parasite Scurrula. Used part: stemand branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, strengthensinews and bones, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Angina pectoris, arrhythmia, hypertension, wind-damp impedimentpain, aching in lumbus and knees, stomachache, scant breast milk,knocks and falls, toxin swelling of sores, frostbite. Isolated compounds:1113, 2039, 13098, 16050, 18317, 18411.T3926 Loropetalum chinense (Hamamelidaceae); JI MU; ChineseLoropetalum. Used part: leaf or stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat andrelieve cough, promote contraction and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Angina pectoris, senile bronchitis, indigestion, duodenalbleeding, uterine bleeding, lung heat cough, hemoptysis, spontaneousexternal bleeding, hematochezia, dysentery, diarrhea, flooding andspotting, infection of skin. Isolated compounds: 3551, 8095, 8971.T3927 Lotus australis (Fabaceae); AO ZHOU BAI MAI GEN; Austral Bird’sFoot Trefoil. Isolated compounds: 13003.T3928 Lotus corniculatus (Fabaceae); DI YANG QUE; Birdsfoot Trefoil.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,relieve cough and calm asthma, disinhibit damp and disperse glomus.TCM Indications: Wind-heat cough, swelling pain in throat, glomusfullness, clove sore, innominate toxin swelling, eczema, dysentery,hematochezia from hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 3059, 8779,8782, 8964, 18309, 21127.T3929 Lotus helleri (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 9596.T3930 Lotus pedunculatus (Fabaceae); HUA XU GENG BAI MAI GEN;Greater Bird’s-foot-trefoil. Isolated compounds: 19394.T3931 Lotus polyphyllos (Fabaceae); DUO YE BAI MAI GEN; LeafyTrefoil*. Isolated compounds: 11653, 12031, 18334.T3932 Ludwigia octovalvis (Onagraceae); MAO CAO LONG; WaterSeedbox*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, child gan fever, swelling pain in throat,mough and tongue sores, hypertension, edema, damp-heat diarrheadysentery, strangury with pain, white turbidity, vaginal discharge,mammary welling abscess, swelling toxin of clove sore, hemorrhoids,burns and scalds, poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 4164,4165, 4166, 16050, 16845, 22270.T3933 Luffa acutangula (Cucurbitaceae); YUE SI GUA; SingkwaTowelgourd. Used part: dried vascular bundles of ripe fruit. TCMEffects: See Luffa cylindrica. TCM Indications: See Luffa cylindrica.Isolated compounds: 9717.T3934 Luffa cylindrica (Cucurbitaceae); SI GUA; Suakwa Vegetablesponge.Equivalent plant: Luffa acutangula. Used part: dried vascular bundlesof ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve phlegm, coolblood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Febrile diseases withvexation and thirst, cough of phlegm asthma, intestinal wind bleeding,bleeding from hemorrhoids, blood strangury, flooding and spotting,sores with welling abscess and flat abscess, galactostasis, innominatetoxin swelling, edema. Isolated compounds: 2687, 3774, 4317, 13061,13062, 13063, 13064, 13288, 20168, 20237.T3935 Luffa cylindrica (Cucurbitaceae); SI GUA ZI; SuakwaVegetablesponge Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat,

490disinhibit water, free stool, expel worms. TCM Indications: Edema,stone strangury, lung heat cough, intestinal wind bleeding,hemorrhoids and fistulas, constipation, ascariasis. Isolated compounds:3318, 6733, 13659, 20237.T3936 Luffa operculata (Cucurbitaceae); NANG GAI SI GUA; Buchinha(Brazil Herb). Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To disperseswelling and transform stasis, antiallergic. TCM Indications:Anaphylactic diseases (hay fever, pollinosis, allergic rhinitis, allergicconjunctivitis). Isolated compounds: 1825, 1827, 15376, 15377, 16126,16127.T3937 Lumbriconeis heteropoda (Eunicidae); YI ZU SUO SHA CAN;Heterofoot Lumbrinereis*. Used part: whole body. TCM Indications:Leg qi. Isolated compounds: 15490.T3938 Lunaria sp. (Brassicaceae). Isolated compounds: 833.T3939 Lupinus albus (Fabaceae); BAI YU SHAN DOU; White Lupin.Isolated compounds: 13088, 13089, 13150, 15070, 22667.T3940 Lupinus angustifolius (Fabaceae); AI SAI E BI YA YU SHAN DOU;Narrowleaf Lupin*. Isolated compounds: 21146, 21147.T3941 Lupinus formosus (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16789.T3942 Lupinus hartwegii (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1478, 1479.T3943 Lupinus luteus (Fabaceae); HUANG YU SHAN DOU; Yellow Lupin.Isolated compounds: 8278, 8282, 8283, 11514, 13104, 13107, 20133.T3944 Lupinus sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6558, 8971, 22667.T3945 Lupinus varius (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6955, 14084.T3946 Luvunga scandens (Rutaceae); SAN YE TENG JU; India Luvunga.Isolated compounds: 22781.T3947 Luvunga spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12847.T3948 Lychnis coronaria (Caryophyllaceae); MAO JIAN QIU LUO; HairyCampion. Isolated compounds: 4903, 6682, 10063, 17662, 20271,21415, 21590.T3949 Lychnis dioica (Caryophyllaceae); HONG JIAN QIU LUO; RedCampion. Isolated compounds: 17181.T3950 Lychnis fulgens (Caryophyllaceae); DA HUA JIAN QIU LUO;Brilliant Campion. Used part: root and whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit urine, fortify spleen, quiet spirit. TCMIndications: Inhibited urination, child gan accumulation, nightsweating, headache, insomnia. Isolated compounds: 6678, 17662.T3951 Lychnis viscaria (Caryophyllaceae); YANG JIAN QIU LUO; GermanCatchfly . Isolated compounds: 6852.T3952 Lychnophora ericoides (Asteraceae); Falsa Arnica (in Brazil). Isolatedcompounds: 2455, 5531.T3953 Lycianthes biflora (Solanaceae); HONG SI XIAN; Twoflower Redsilkyarn. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse phlegm and relieve cough. TCM Indications:Cough, asthma, dysentery, heat strangury, rabid dog bite, red swellingof clove sore, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:2368, 3723.T3954 Lycium barbarum (Solanaceae); NING XIA GOU QI GEN PI; BarbaryWolfberry Root-bark*. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: SeeLycium chinense. TCM Indications: See Lycium chinense. Isolatedcompounds: 19542.T3955 Lycium barbarum (Solanaceae); NING XIA GOU QI ZI; BarbaryWolfberry Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Lycium chinense.TCM Indications: See Lycium chinense. Isolated compounds: 2001,4293, 10872, 13823, 17093, 17238, 19542, 22976.T3956 Lycium chinense (Solanaceae); GOU QI GEN PI; Chinese WolfberryRoot-bark. Equivalent plant: Lycium barbarum. Used part: root cortex.TCM Effects: To eliminate heat in blood, lower vacuity heat. TCMIndications: Diabetes mellitus, malaria, tidal fever with night sweat,child gan accumulation with fever, cough and hemoptysis or dyspnea,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding. Isolated compounds:1345, 3695, 5534, 9366, 12327, 12891, 12893, 16856, 19542, 19983,21594.T3957 Lycium chinense (Solanaceae); GOU QI YE; Chinese Wolfberry Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity and boostessence, clear heat and allay thirst, dispel wind and brighten eyes.TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with fever, vexation and thirst, sorered eyes and clouded vision, eye screen, night blindness, flooding,vaginal discharge, heat toxin sores. Isolated compounds: 4592, 4593,10913, 11082, 18266, 19987, 22256, 22702, 22703.T3958 Lycium chinense (Solanaceae); GOU QI ZI; Chinese Wolfberry Fruit.Equivalent plant: Lycium barbarum. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: Tonourish liver, brighten eyes, enrich kidney, moisten lung, lower bloodpressure. TCM Indications: Lassitude in lumbus and knees, emission,dizziness and dim vision, lung disease with cough, diabetes mellitus.Isolated compounds: 1048, 1113, 1845, 2001, 2318, 3040, 3209, 3585,3695, 3773, 4293, 4468, 4491, 8817, 10233, 10872, 11123, 12488,12891, 13098, 14230, 14236, 14350, 14352, 14387, 14433, 14558,14625, 15528, 15729, 15771, 15772, 15901, 17238, 18834, 19120,19542, 19983, 20369, 20732, 21945, 22060, 22554, 22976.T3959 Lycium chinense var. potaninii (Solanaceae); BEI FANG GOU QIGEN PI; Northern Wolfberry Root-bark*. Isolated compounds: 19542.T3960 Lycogala epidendrum (Lycogalaceae); FEN LIU JUN; Wolfs-milkSlime. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To eliminate inflammationand relieve pain. Isolated compounds: 1624, 1625, 2473, 2474, 2475,2476, 13195, 13196, 13197, 13198, 13199, 20278.Lycoperdon capitatum = Pisolithus tinctoriusT3961 Lycoperdon pyriforme (Lycoperdaceae); LI XING MA BO; Pear-likePuff-ball. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: See Lasiosphaera fenzlii.TCM Indications: See Lasiosphaera fenzlii. Isolated compounds:14207.T3962 Lycopersicon esculentum (Solanaceae); FAN QIE; Tomato. Used part:fresh fruit. TCM Effects: To engender liquid and allay thirst, fortifystomach and disperse food. TCM Indications: Thirst, inappetence.Isolated compounds: 1162, 2309, 3208, 3210, 3215, 7375, 7376, 7979,9363, 11418, 11754, 13212, 13213, 13214, 13215, 13216, 13217,13218, 13219, 13222, 13243, 14163, 15135, 17090, 18003, 19087,19760, 20060, 20146, 21434, 21435, 21662, 22058.T3963 Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme (Solanaceae); YING TAOFAN QIE; Cherry Tomato*. Isolated compounds: 7377, 7378, 13242.T3964 Lycopodium alpinum [Syn. Diphasiastrum alpinum] (Lycopodiaceae);GAO SHAN BIAN ZHI SHI SONG; Alpine Clubmoss*. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Impediment pain in joints, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 13187.T3965 Lycopodium annotinum (Lycopodiaceae); DAN SUI SHI SONG;

491Interrupted Clubmoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken blood. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs,menstrual disorder, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1300, 1323,1332, 1333, 13192, 13200, 13244.T3966 Lycopodium annotinum var. acrifolium (Lycopodiaceae); LIANGNIAN SHI SONG; Sharpleaf Clubmoss*. Isolated compounds: 567.T3967 Lycopodium carolinianum (Lycopodiaceae); KA LUO LAI NA SHISONG; Carolina Clubmoss*. Isolated compounds: 3431.T3968 Lycopodium carolinianum var. affine (Lycopodiaceae); SI KA LUOLAI NA SHI SONG; Carolina-like Clubmoss*. Isolated compounds:3207.T3969 Lycopodium casuarinoides (Lycopodiaceae); TENG SHI SONG. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,soothe sinews and quicken blood, brighten eyes, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, taxation damage in lumbarmuscle, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder, night sweating,conjunctivitis, night blindness, burns and scalds, toxin swelling ofsores. Isolated compounds: 16117.T3970 Lycopodium cernuum (Lycopodiaceae); PU DI WU GONG; CernuousClubmoss. Used part: whole plant. TCM Effects: See Lycopodiumjaponicum. TCM Indications: See Lycopodium japonicum. Isolatedcompounds: 1488, 3040, 3430, 3431, 7017, 7018, 13170, 13171,13172, 13173, 13174, 13175, 13176, 13177, 13184, 15527, 16117,16327, 16377, 19768, 19774, 20369.Lycopodium clavatum = Lycopodium japonicumT3971 Lycopodium complanatum (Lycopodiaceae); GUO JIANG LONG;Complanate Clubmoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken blood. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, deadlimb, knocks and falls,menstrual disorder. Isolated compounds: 3948, 13183, 13223, 14571,15889, 16377, 16421, 19768, 21425.T3972 Lycopodium inundatum (Lycopodiaceae). Isolated compounds: 16117.T3973 Lycopodium japonicum [Syn. Lycopodium clavatum] (Lycopodiaceae);SHEN JIN CAO; Common Japanese Clubmoss. Equivalent plant:Lycopodium cernuum. Used part: whole plant. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken blood, relievecough, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment,aching pain in joints, arthritis, dysmenorrhea, skin numbness,weakness in limbs, jaundice, cough, knocks and falls, sores, zoster,scalds. Isolated compounds: 3809, 3810, 3813, 6122, 7741, 7768,13182, 13185, 13186, 13191, 13223, 16117, 16313, 16375, 16376,16377, 16420.T3974 Lycopodium lucidulum (Lycopodiaceae); GUANG LIANG SHI SONG;Shining Clubmoss*. Isolated compounds: 2617, 5398, 5663, 5664,5687, 5688, 13042, 13043, 13046, 13051, 16371, 16372, 16738,17151, 20203, 21064, 21065, 21066, 21067.T3975 Lycopodium megastachyum (Lycopodiaceae). Isolated compounds:17150, 19770.T3976 Lycopodium obscurum (Lycopodiaceae); YU BAI SHI SONG; TreeClubmoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, soothe sinews and free network vessels. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, pain in lumbus and legs,numbness of limbs, sprain from knocks and falls, sequel ofpoliomyelitis. Isolated compounds: 379, 568, 2487, 13194, 15786,16117, 16375, 16376, 21848.Lycopodium phlegmaria = Phlegmariurus phlegmariaLycopodium selago = Huperzia selagoLycopodium serratum = Huperzia serrataT3977 Lycopodium serratum var. thunbergii (Lycopodiaceae); JU CHI SHISONG; Sawtooth Clubmoss*. Isolated compounds: 19764.T3978 Lycopodium sitchense (Lycopodiaceae). Isolated compounds: 16117.T3979 Lycopus europaeus (Lamiaceae); OU DI SUN; European Bugleweed.Isolated compounds: 12925.T3980 Lycopus lucidus (Lamiaceae); ZE LAN; Shiny Bugleweed. Used part:aerial parts. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and transform stasis,move water and disperse swelling, resolve toxin and eliminate wellingabscess. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, concretion andconglomeration, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, edema inbody and face, knocks and falls, incised wound. Isolated compounds:6178, 13224.T3981 Lycopus lucidus (Lamiaceae); ZE LAN GEN; Shiny Bugleweed Root.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To transform stasis and stanchbleeding, boost qi and disinhibit water. TCM Indications: Bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, postpartum abdominal pain,vaginal discharge, jaundice, edema, qi vacuity and hypodynamia.Isolated compounds: 13224.T3982 Lycopus virginicus (Lamiaceae); FU JI NI YA DI SUN; Bugleweed.Isolated compounds: 12925.T3983 Lycoris aurea (Amaryllidaceae); DA YI ZHI JIAN; Golden Lycoris.Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: To moisten lung and relieve cough,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, hemoptysis, yin vacuity consumption fever, inhibited urination,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, clove sore tubercle, burnsand scalds. Isolated compounds: 8083, 9612, 13236, 13237, 13241,18050, 20891.T3984 Lycoris chinensis (Amaryllidaceae); ZHONG GUO SHI SUAN;Chinese Lycoris. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: See Lycoris radiata.TCM Indications: See Lycoris radiata. Isolated compounds: 17573.T3985 Lycoris guangxiensis (Amaryllidaceae); GUANG XI SHI SUAN;Guangxi Lycoris. Isolated compounds: 15288, 15750.T3986 Lycoris radiata [Syn. Amaryllis radiata] (Amaryllidaceae); SHI SUAN;Shorttube Lycoris. Equivalent plant: Lycoris chinensis. Used part: bulb.TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm and promote vomiting, resolve toxinand dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Poliomyelitis, muscle weakness,rheumatic arthritis, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, throat wind,nipple moth, swelling pain in throat, phlegm-drool and congestinglung, food poisoning, seeper in chest and abdomen, malign sore andswelling toxin, hemorrhoids and fistulas, knocks and falls, intractablelichen, burns and scalds, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 4241, 5081,5991, 6920, 8083, 9187, 9547, 9612, 13236, 13237, 13238, 13239,13240, 13241, 14288, 15788, 17573, 17850, 18050, 20891, 22232.T3987 Lycoris sanguinea (Amaryllidaceae); TIE SE JIAN; Orange Lycoris.Isolated compounds: 13236, 13238, 13239.T3988 Lycoris squamigera (Amaryllidaceae); LU CONG; Autumn Lycoris.Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, dispel phlegm,

492disinhibit urine, promote vomiting. TCM Indications: Swelling pain inthroat, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, scrofula, cough ofphlegm asthma, edema, inhibited urination, food poisoning. Isolatedcompounds: 8083, 17573.T3989 Lygodium flexuosum [Syn. Lygodium pinnatifidum; Ophioglossumflexuosum] (Lygodiaceae); QU ZHOU HAI JIN SHA; FlexuoseClimbing Fern. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To soothe sinewsand free network vessels, clear heat and disinhibit damp, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain, numbness of limbs,knocks and falls, urinary tract infection, calculus of urinary system,edema, dysentery, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, infantmouth sore, fire eye, lichen, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 13245, 14144, 19087.T3990 Lygodium japonicum (Lygodiaceae); HAI JIN SHA; JapaneseClimbing Fern. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit water and free strangury, quicken blood andfree network vessels. TCM Indications: Heat strangury, stonestrangury, blood strangury, inhibited urination [=dysuria], edema,white turbidity, vaginal discharge, hepatitis, diarrhea, dysentery,common cold with fever, cough and asthma, swelling pain in throat,mouth sore, red eyes with gall, mumps, mammary welling abscess,erysipelas, zoster, burns and scalds, itchy skin, wound swelling fromknocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 4135.Lygodium pinnatifidum = Lygodium flexuosumT3991 Lyonia ovalifolia (Ericaceae); LI MU; Tibet Lyonia. Used part:branchlet-leaf and fruit. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relievepain, dispel wind and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Knocks andfalls, fracture, lichen sore. Isolated compounds: 1928, 2332, 7278,9915, 11085, 13246, 13247, 13248, 19987.T3992 Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica (Ericaceae); XIAO GUO NAN ZHU;Littlefruit Lyonia. Used part: branch-leaf, root or fruit. TCM Effects:To supplement spleen and boost kidney, quicken blood and strengthensinews. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity diarrhea, lassitude in lumbarand knees, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 13246, 13247,13248.T3993 Lyophyllum connatum (Tricholomataceae); Oshiroishimeji (inJapanese). Isolated compounds: 15943.T3994 Lysichitum americanum (Araceae); MEI ZHOU GUAN YIN LIAN;Skunk Cabbage. Isolated compounds: 10629, 13259.T3995 Lysidice rhodostegia (Fabaceae); YI HUA; Redbracted Lysidice. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relieve pain, disperseswelling and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls,fracture, wind-damp impediment pain, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 13260, 13261, 13262, 14949, 14950, 17283,18651.T3996 Lysimachia candida (Primulaceae); DAN TIAO CAO; WhitePearlweed. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, quicken blood and relieve pain, disinhibit damp anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, mammary welling abscess,poisonous snake bites, fracture due to knocks and falls, wind-dampimpediment pain, beriberi with edema, paddy-field dermatitis. Isolatedcompounds: 3073.T3997 Lysimachia capillipes (Primulaceae); XI GENG XIANG CAO;Hairydtalk Loosestrife. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, move qi and relieve pain, regulatemenstruation, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold withcough, wind-damp impediment pain, distending pain in stomach ductand abdomen, menstrual disorder, clove sore, snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 3123, 3124, 3125, 3126, 3127, 3128, 3129, 12020.T3998 Lysimachia christinae (Primulaceae); DA JIN QIAN CAO; ChristinaLoosestrife. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and freestrangury, clear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Gallstones, calculus of urinary system,heat strangury, nephritis with edema, damp-heat jaundice, swollenwelling abscess, sore and boil, poisonous snake bite, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 11642, 12018, 12020, 12066, 12067, 12089,12090, 18317, 21093, 21634.T3999 Lysimachia clethroides (Primulaceae); ZHEN ZHU CAI; ClethraLoosestrife. Used part: root or herb. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand regulate menstruation, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Menstrual disorder, vaginal discharge, child ganaccumulation, edema, dysentery, throat pain, mammary wellingabscess, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3030, 3032, 3033,3034, 17858.T4000 Lysimachia congestiflora (Primulaceae); JU HUA GUO LU HUANG;Denseflower Loosestrife. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and dissipate cold, relieve cough and transform phlegm,resolve toxin and disinhibit damp, disperse accumulation and expelstone. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, cough with profusephlegm, swelling pain in throat, jaundice, gallstones, urethral stone,child gan accumulation, welling abscess and flat abscess with clovesore, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 13263.T4001 Lysimachia davurica (Primulaceae); HUANG LIAN HUA; DahurianLoosestrife. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To calmand lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Hypertension, headache,insomnia. Isolated compounds: 4699, 4700, 9484.T4002 Lysimachia foenum-graecum (Primulaceae); LING XIANG CAO;Strongfragrant Loosestrife. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toresolve exterior, relieve pain, move qi, expel roundworm. TCMIndications: Common cold with headache, swelling pain in throat,toothache, distention fullness in chest and abdomen, ascariasis.Isolated compounds: 9500.T4003 Lysimachia microcarpa (Primulaceae); XIAO GUO XIANG CAO;Smallfruit Loosestrife*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todiffuse lung and resolve exterior, relieve cough and calm asthma.TCM Indications: Common cold, cough, asthma. Isolated compounds:9500.T4004 Lysimachia paridiformis (Primulaceae); CHONG LOU PAI CAO;Parisshape Loosestrife. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain, relievecough, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain, pain instomach duct and abdomen, cough, knocks and falls, clove sore andswollen boil, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 16664.T4005 Lysionotus pauciflorus (Gesneriaceae); SHI DIAO LAN; Fewflower

493Lysionotus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, relieve cough and transform phlegm, dispel stasis andregulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis, bonetuberculosis, scrofula, chronic bronchitis, wind-damp impediment pain,cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls, boil. Isolated compounds: 13264.T4006 Lythrum anceps (Lythraceae); RI BEN QIAN QU CAI; TwoedgedLoosestrife. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Lythrumsalicaria. TCM Indications: See Lythrum salicaria. Isolatedcompounds: 13267.T4007 Lythrum salicaria (Lythraceae); QIAN QU CAI; Spiked Loosestrife.Equivalent plant: Lythrum anceps. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, promote contraction andstanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea, hematochezia,flooding, ulcerating sores, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 3551,4439, 6757, 8095, 12952, 13268, 13269, 13270, 13271, 13272, 13273,13274, 13275, 13276, 13277, 13278, 13279, 13280, 13460, 16196.T4008 Lytta caraganae (Meloidae); QING NIANG ZI; Mung Bean BlisterBeetle. Used part: dried body. TCM Effects: To attack toxin and expelstasis. TCM Indications: Scrofula, rabid dog bite. Isolated compounds:3094.MT4009 Maackia amurensis (Fabaceae); CHAO XIAN HUAI; Amur Maackia.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Bleeding, sore toxin ofwelling abscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 6290, 12258,13281, 13901.T4010 Maackia sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 18020.T4011 Macadamia ternifolia (Proteaceae); AO ZHOU JIAN GUO;Queensland Nut. Isolated compounds: 5283, 16561, 17963.T4012 Macaranga conifera (Euphorbiaceae); ZHEN YE XUE TONG;Conifer Macaranga. Isolated compounds: 1405, 5919, 6497, 10400,11248, 11490, 21440.T4013 Macaranga tanarius (Euphorbiaceae); XUE TONG; CommonMacaranga. Isolated compounds: 7617, 7950, 15876, 20667, 20668.T4014 Macaranga triloba (Euphorbiaceae); SAN LIE XUE TONG; TrilobateMacaranga*. Isolated compounds: 1411, 1416, 1437, 5638, 16498.T4015 Machaerium spp. Isolated compounds: 3004.T4016 Machilus japonica (Lauraceae); RI BEN NAN; Japanese Machilus*.Isolated compounds: 8085, 13295.T4017 Machilus odoratissima (Lauraceae); JI XIANG RUN NAN;Extreme-fragrant Machilus*. Isolated compounds: 15994, 15995,15996, 15997.T4018 Machilus thunbergii (Lauraceae); HONG NAN PI; Red Nanmu Bark.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To warm center and normalize qi,soothe channels and quicken blood, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Sprain and contusion, incessant vomiting anddiarrhea, cramp and swelling of feet. Isolated compounds: 3308, 8089,9020, 11447, 12749, 13290, 13293, 15713, 15864, 15926, 18655,19542, 19777.T4019 Machilus zuihoensis (Lauraceae); TAI WAN RUI FANG RUN NAN;Zuiho Machilus. Isolated compounds: 13294, 14047, 19628, 23029.T4020 Macleaya cordata (Papaveraceae); BO LUO HUI; Pink Plumepoppy.Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,dissipate stasis, resolve toxin, relieve pain, kill worms. TCMIndications: Ulcer of uterine cervix, carcinoma of uterine cervix,carcinoma of thyroid, swollen welling abscess and clove sores, ulcerof lower limb, hemorrhoids, eczema, snake or insect bites, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia,decayed toothache, intractable lichen, trichomoniasis, brandy nose.Isolated compounds: 930, 2523, 3498, 7399, 7416, 16473, 19284.T4021 Macleaya spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T4022 Maclura pomifera (Moraceae); SANG CHENG; Osage Orange.Isolated compounds: 4337, 9857, 15715, 16249, 17695.T4023 Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae); ZHUO SE SANG CHENG; TinctorialOsage Orange*. Isolated compounds: 16210, 20327.T4024 Macrococculus pomiferus (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds:5082, 5085, 14106.T4025 Macropiper excelsum (Piperaceae); GAO DA HU JIAO; Pepper-tree.Isolated compounds: 6745.T4026 Macrothelypteris oligophlebia (Thelypteridaceae); JIN JI WEI BACAO GEN; Needle-hear Fern*. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: Todisinhibit water and disperse edema, clear heat and resolve toxin,stanch bleeding and kill worms. TCM Indications: Edema, sore andboil, burns and scalds, bleeding due to external injury, ascariasis.Isolated compounds: 5371, 10263, 13452.T4027 Maesa chisia (Myrsinaceae); HUI YE DU JING SHAN; GreyleafMaesa. Isolated compounds: 20169.T4028 Maesa indica (Myrsinaceae); LIANG MIAN QING; Indian Maesa.Used part: whole herb or leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Hepatitis,diarrhea, measles papules, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 13350.T4029 Maesa japonica (Myrsinaceae); DU JING SHAN; Japanese Maesa.Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, resolveepidemic toxin, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Febrile infectiousdiseases, generalized pain, vexation and agitation, thirst, edema,painful swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 13350.T4030 Maesa lanceolata (Myrsinaceae); PI ZHEN DU JING SHAN;Lanceolate Maesa*. Isolated compounds: 253, 255, 6048, 6269, 12472,13351, 13352, 13353, 13354, 13355, 13356, 13357, 13358, 13359,13360, 13829, 13830.T4031 Maesa perlarius (Myrsinaceae); JI YU DAN; Treasure Maesa. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To joint bones and disperse swelling,eliminate putridity and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Fracture dueto knocks and falls, knife wound, swelling of clove. Isolatedcompounds: 13349, 13358.T4032 Maesa tenera (Myrsinaceae); RUAN RUO DU JING SHAN; SlenderMaesa. Isolated compounds: 13362, 13363.T4033 Magnolia acuminata (Magnoliaceae); JIAN JIAN MU LAN;Cucumber-tree. Isolated compounds: 592, 16830, 22383.T4034 Magnolia biloba (Magnoliaceae); AO YE HOU PO; TwolobedOfficinal Mangolia. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Magnoliaofficinalis. TCM Indications: See Magnolia officinalis. Isolated

494compounds: 7513, 7514, 9631, 11519, 21074.T4035 Magnolia biondii [Syn. Magnolia fargesii] (Magnoliaceae); WANGCHUN YU LAN; Biond Magnolia. Used part: flower bud. TCMEffects: See Magnolia liliflora. TCM Indications: See Magnolialiliflora. Isolated compounds: 1843, 2303, 2387, 2388, 2389, 2390,2391, 2392, 2858, 5135, 7512, 7719, 7721, 11851, 12920, 13387,16555, 17414.T4036 Magnolia coco (Magnoliaceae); YE HE HUA; Chinese MagnoliaFlower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To move qi and dissipatestasis, relieve cough, check discharge. TCM Indications: Liverdepression and qi pain, knocks and falls, concretion andconglomeration, Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 1344, 12917,13372, 19183, 20319.T4037 Magnolia compressa (Magnoliaceae); Magnolia compressa. Isolatedcompounds: 16439.T4038 Magnolia denudata [Syn. Magnolia heptapata] (Magnoliaceae); YULAN; Yulan Magnolia. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: SeeMagnolia liliflora. TCM Indications: See Magnolia liliflora. Isolatedcompounds: 591, 946, 2759, 7719, 7722, 8086, 8093, 9209, 12750,13374, 15426, 19183, 22383.Magnolia fargesii = Magnolia biondiiT4039 Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae); HE HUA YU LAN; SouthernMagnolia. Used part: flower and bark. TCM Effects: To dispel windand dissipate cold, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Externally contracted wind-cold, headache and nasal congestion,distending pain in stomach duct, vomiting and diarrhea, hypertension,tuberculosis. Isolated compounds: 12917, 13374, 13375, 13376, 13377,13388, 13654, 13655, 15781, 16977, 19183, 20569.Magnolia heptapata = Magnolia denudataT4040 Magnolia kobus (Magnoliaceae); RI BEN XIN YI; Kobus Magnolia.Isolated compounds: 7385, 19183.T4041 Magnolia liliflora (Magnoliaceae); XIN YI; Lily Magnolia Buds.Equivalent plant: Magnolia liliflora, Magnolia sprengeri, Magnoliabiondii, Magnolia denudata. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: Todissipate wind-cold, relieve stuffed nose. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, headache, nasal congestion and runny nose, nasitis,nasosinusitis. Isolated compounds: 3760, 7521, 12497, 13387, 16900,22383.T4042 Magnolia liliflora (Magnoliaceae); ZI YU LAN PI; Lily MagnoliaBark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and eliminate damp,calm asthma. TCM Indications: Liquor jaundice, damp itchy ingenitals, lai, double tongue, welling abscess and flat abscess, edema.Isolated compounds: 19183.T4043 Magnolia mutabilis (Magnoliaceae); BIAN XING MU LAN; MutableMagnolia*. Isolated compounds: 19777.T4044 Magnolia obovata (Magnoliaceae); RI BEN HOU PO; WhiteleafJapanese Magnolia. Isolated compounds: 322, 532, 7517, 7894, 9631,12497, 12917, 12917, 13373, 13388.T4045 Magnolia officinalis (Magnoliaceae); HOU PO; Officinal Magnolia.Equivalent plant: Magnolia biloba. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Todry damp and disperse phlegm, precipitate qi and eliminate fullness,lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Amebic dysentery, vomitingand diarrhea, food accumulation and qi stagnation, abdominaldistention and constipation, phlegm-rheum cough asthma. Isolatedcompounds: 85, 336, 928, 1348, 1763, 1857, 2412, 2561, 2795, 3194,3242, 3688, 4029, 4550, 6746, 7513, 7514, 9044, 9631, 9669, 10449,11519, 12843, 12849, 12850, 13364, 13365, 13366, 13367, 13373,13374, 13378, 13379, 13380, 13381, 13382, 13383, 13384, 13385,13386, 13388, 13393, 13395, 13396, 14491, 14827, 15888, 17376,17458, 17459, 18532, 19183, 19306, 19910, 20556, 20992, 20995,21074.T4046 Magnolia praecocissima (Magnoliaceae); ZHOU YE MU LAN;Wrinkleleaf Magnolia*. Isolated compounds: 394, 7077, 7512, 7720,12241, 13394, 16154, 16675, 19777, 23006.T4047 Magnolia pyramidata (Magnoliaceae); JIN ZI TA MU LAN;Pyramidal Magnolia*. Isolated compounds: 18241, 18242, 18243,18244, 18245, 18246, 18247, 18248.T4048 Magnolia rostrata (Magnoliaceae); DA YE HOU PO; BigleafMagnolia. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To warm center andtransform damp, move qi and disperse accumulation. TCM Indications:Distention fullness and sudden pain in chest and abdomen, foodaccumulation and qi stagnation, vomiting, diarrhea, cough withprofuse phlegm. Isolated compounds: 5379, 13373, 13388, 13389.T4049 Magnolia salicifolia (Magnoliaceae); LIU YE MU LAN; WillowleafMagnolia*. Isolated compounds: 1186, 1282, 7751, 13390, 13392,19121.T4050 Magnolia sieboldii (Magnoliaceae); TIAN NV MU LAN; OyamaMagnolia. Used part: bud. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine anddisperse edema, moisten lung and relieve cough. TCM Indications:Lung vacuity cough, phlegm containing blood, liquor jaundiceaccumulation, double tongue, swollen welling abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 19922, 20569.T4051 Magnolia spp. (Magnoliaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T4052 Magnolia sprengeri (Magnoliaceae); WU DANG MU LAN; SprengerMagnolia. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: See Magnolia liliflora.TCM Indications: See Magnolia liliflora. Isolated compounds: 2858,13373, 13393.T4053 Mahonia acanthifolia (Berberidaceae); CI YE SHI DA GONG LAO;Acanthus-leaved Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4054 Mahonia aquifolium (Berberidaceae); JIAN YE SHI DA GONG LAO;Oregon-grape. Isolated compounds: 11344, 16439.T4055 Mahonia bealei (Berberidaceae); SHI DA GONG LAO MU;Leatherleaf Mahonia. Equivalent plant: Mahonia fortunei, Mahoniajaponica. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat, dry damp,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, jaundice, diarrhea,dysentery, red eyes with gall, sores, eczema, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 2303, 11851, 16555.T4056 Mahonia bealei (Berberidaceae); SHI DA GONG LAO YE;Leatherleaf Mahonia Leaf. Equivalent plant: Mahonia fortunei,Mahonia japonica. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear vacuity heat,dry damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis andhemoptysis, steaming bone tidal fever, dizziness and tinnitus, limpaching lumbus and knees, damp-heat jaundice, vaginal discharge,dysentery, wind-heat common cold, red eyes with gall, swollenwelling abscess and sores. Isolated compounds: no.T4057 Mahonia bealei (Berberidaceae); SHI DA GONG LAO ZI; Leatherleaf

495Mahonia Fruit. Equivalent plant: Mahonia japonica. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To clear vacuity heat, supplement kidney, dry damp.TCM Indications: Steaming bone tidal fever, limp aching lumbus andknees, dizziness and tinnitus, damp-heat diarrhea, vaginal discharge,strangury-turbidity. Isolated compounds: no.T4058 Mahonia bodinieri (Berberidaceae); XIAO GUO SHI DA GONG LAO;Bodinier Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 2303, 11851, 16555.T4059 Mahonia borealis (Berberidaceae); PA LI BEI FANG SHI DA GONGLAO; Parry Northern Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4060 Mahonia confusa (Berberidaceae); HU BEI SHI DA GONG LAO;Confused Mahonia. Equivalent plant: Mahonia gracilipes. Used part:root and stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp, drain fireand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery, diarrhea,jaundice, red eyes with gall, swollen welling abscess and sores,wind-damp-heat impediment, taxation fever steaming bone,hemoptysis, dizzy head. Isolated compounds: 2303, 11851, 16555.T4061 Mahonia eurybracteata (Berberidaceae); KUAN BAO SHI DA GONGLAO; Broad-bracteate Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 2303, 11851,16555.T4062 Mahonia fortunei (Berberidaceae); XI YE GONG LAO MU; ChineseMahonia. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Mahonia bealei. TCMIndications: See Mahonia bealei. Isolated compounds: 2300, 2303,11851, 13374, 16439, 16555.T4063 Mahonia fortunei (Berberidaceae); XI YE GONG LAO YE; ChineseMahonia Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Mahonia bealei.TCM Indications: See Mahonia bealei. Isolated compounds: 13374,16555.T4064 Mahonia gracilipes (Berberidaceae); XI BING SHI DA GONG LAO;Subtriplinerved Mahonia. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: SeeMahonia confusa. TCM Indications: See Mahonia confusa. Isolatedcompounds: 2303, 11851, 16555.T4065 Mahonia griffithii (Berberidaceae); GE LI FEI SI SHI DA GONGLAO; Griffith Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4066 Mahonia japonica (Berberidaceae); HUA NAN GONG LAO MU;Japanese Mahonia. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: See Mahonia bealei.TCM Indications: See Mahonia bealei. Isolated compounds: 2300,2303, 3934, 4032, 11736, 11851, 13374, 16555.T4067 Mahonia japonica (Berberidaceae); HUA NAN GONG LAO YE;Japanese Mahonia Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Mahoniabealei. TCM Indications: See Mahonia bealei. Isolated compounds:3934, 4032, 11736, 13374, 16555.T4068 Mahonia japonica (Berberidaceae); HUA NAN GONG LAO ZI;Japanese Mahonia Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Mahoniabealei. TCM Indications: See Mahonia bealei. Isolated compounds:11736.T4069 Mahonia leschenaultii (Berberidaceae); LAI SHI NA TE SHI DAGONG LAO; Leschenault Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4070 Mahonia manipurensis (Berberidaceae); MAN NI PU ER SHI DAGONG LAO; Manipur Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4071 Mahonia repens (Berberidaceae); PU FU SHI DA GONG LAO;Creeping Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 15881, 15885, 16439, 21270.T4072 Mahonia shenii (Berberidaceae); CHENG KOU SHI DA GONG LAO;Chengkou Mahonia. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To clearheat, dry damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery,diarrhea, jaundice (icterus, ICT), red eyes with gall, burns and scalds.Isolated compounds: 2303, 11851, 16555.T4073 Mahonia sikkimensis (Berberidaceae); XI JIN SHI DA GONG LAO;Sikkim Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4074 Mahonia simonsii (Berberidaceae); XI MENG SI SHI DA GONGLAO; Simons Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 16439.T4075 Mahonia spp. (Berberidaceae). Isolated compounds: 16439, 16555.T4076 Mahonia veitchiorum (Berberidaceae); CHUAN DIAN SHI DAGONG LAO; Veitch Mahonia. Isolated compounds: 2303, 11851,16555.T4077 Malbranchea aurantiaca (Myxotrichaceae). Isolated compounds:10564, 16805.T4078 Malina elemi. Isolated compounds: 16040, 16041.T4079 Mallotus anomalus (Euphorbiaceae); XIU MAO YE TONG; AnomalusMallotu. Isolated compounds: 11227.T4080 Mallotus apelta (Euphorbiaceae); BAI BEI YE; WhitebackleafMallotus. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin,dispel damp, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Phlegmon,suppurative tympanitis, goose-mouth sore, eczema, knocks and falls,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 5592, 5593, 5598,10049, 10051, 10810, 10811.Mallotus chrysocarpus = Mallotus repandus var. chrysocarpusT4081 Mallotus furetianus (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13424,13425.T4082 Mallotus japonicus (Euphorbiaceae); YE WU TONG; JapaneseMallotus. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, promote contraction and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, hepatitis, hematuria, vaginal discharge,sores, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2312, 2810,2811, 6923, 8311, 11295, 11521, 11522, 13426, 13427, 13430, 13431,13432, 13438, 18203, 19087.T4083 Mallotus philippinensis (Euphorbiaceae); CU KANG CHAI;Philippine Mallotus*. Used part: pericarpial glandular hairs. TCMEffects: To kill worms and relieve diarrhea. TCM Indications:Taeniasis, ascariasis, oxyuria disease. Isolated compounds: 13433,13434.T4084 Mallotus philippinensis (Euphorbiaceae); LV SONG QIU MAO;Kamalatree. Used part: pericarpial glandular hairs. TCM Effects: Tokill worms and relieve diarrhea. TCM Indications: Taeniasis, ascariasis,oxyuria disease. Isolated compounds: 2312, 6111, 10682, 11685,13435, 13436, 13437, 17174, 18940.Mallotus repandus = Mallotus repandus var. chrysocarpusT4085 Mallotus repandus var. chrysocarpus [Syn. Mallotus chrysocarpus;Mallotus repandus] (Euphorbiaceae); SHI YAN FENG; StoneMallotus*. Used part: root,stem,leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and free network vessels, resolve toxinand disperse swelling, expel worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment, pain in lumbus and legs, deviated eyes andmouth, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess and sores, taeniasis,eczema, intractable lichen, snake or dog bite. Isolated compounds:18624, 18625.T4086 Malus asiatica (Rosaceae); LIN QIN; Chinese Pearleaf Crabapple.

496Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To precipitate qi and loosen chest,engender liquid and allay thirst, harmonize center and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Diabetes mellitus, phlegm-rheum and food retention,glomus and congestion in chest and diaphragm, cholera, vomitingdiarrhea with abdominal pain, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 7852.T4087 Malus domestica (Rosaceae); PING GUO HAI TANG; DomesticApple*. Isolated compounds: 7996.T4088 Malus pumila (Rosaceae); PING GUO; Apple. Used part: fruit. TCMEffects: To boost stomach, engender liquid, eliminate vexation, arouseliquor. TCM Indications: Scant fluid and thirst, spleen vacuity diarrhea,food retention and abdominal distention, resolve liquor toxin. Isolatedcompounds: 11031, 15814, 17169, 17174, 18281.T4089 Malus sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 3214, 7729, 13126, 15477,17170.T4090 Malus spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 17869.T4091 Malva sylvestris (Malvaceae); OU JIN KUI; High Mallow. Used part:flower, leaf and stem. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and free stool,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Urinary and fecalstoppage, vaginal discharge, scrofula, swelling pain in throat. Isolatedcompounds: 13460.T4092 Mammea africana (Clusiaceae); FEI ZHOU HUANG GUO MU;African Mammey Apple. Isolated compounds: 6181, 13464, 13467,13473, 13809.T4093 Mammea americana (Clusiaceae); MEI ZHOU MAN MI PING GUO;Mammee Apple. Isolated compounds: 6181, 6183, 13467, 13468,13469, 20490.T4094 Mammea harmandii (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13464, 13467,13468, 13469, 13470, 13472.T4095 Mammea longifolia (Clusiaceae); CHANG YE MAN MI PING GUO;Longleaf Mammey*. Isolated compounds: 20489, 20490.T4096 Mammea sp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 15715.T4097 Mammillaria microcarpa (Cactaceae); XIAO GUO YIN MAO QIU;Fishhook Cactus. Isolated compounds: 14796.T4098 Mandevilla pentlandiana (Apocynaceae); PENG TE MAN DE MU;Pentland Mandevilla*. Isolated compounds: 15497.T4099 Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae); MANG GUO; Mango. Equivalentplant: Mangifera persiciformis. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: Toboost stomach, engender liquid, check vomiting, relieve cough. TCMIndications: Thirst, vomiting, reduced food intake, cough. Isolatedcompounds: 1024, 1025, 1824, 3214, 5510, 5799, 6757, 6966, 7802,7852, 7853, 7951, 8095, 9387, 11525, 13481, 13483, 16317, 16381,16425, 19041, 22520.T4100 Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae); MANG GUO HE; Mango Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To fortify stomach and disperse food,move qi and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Mounting qi, foodstagnation, cough, testitis. Isolated compounds: 6431, 6432, 9717,14929, 14930.T4101 Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae); MANG GUO SHU PI; MangoBark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear summerheat heat, stanchbleeding, resolve sore toxin. TCM Indications: Summerheat damage,generalized fever and aversion to cold. Isolated compounds: 1025,4469, 4618, 7338, 9613, 10358, 10359, 11525, 13100, 13482, 13483,14576, 14594, 14595, 16064.T4102 Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae); MANG GUO YE; Mango Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To allay thirst, transform stagnation,relieve itch. TCM Indications: Gan accumulation, diabetes mellitus,eczema titillation, wart. Isolated compounds: 9717, 13481.T4103 Mangifera persiciformis (Anacardiaceae); BIAN TAO; PeachformMango. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: See Mangifera indica. TCMIndications: See Mangifera indica. Isolated compounds: 7951, 13481,18317, 20711.T4104 Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae); MU SHU DI SHANG BU FEN;Cassave Aerial Parts. Used part: leaf or root. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Toxin swelling of sores,scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 1107, 1113, 7025, 7366, 7367,13097, 20369, 20711, 20712.T4105 Manilkara indica (Sapotaceae); IN DU TIE XIAN ZI; Indian Balata*.Isolated compounds: 11198.T4106 Manis pentadactyla (Manidae); CHUAN SHAN JIA; Pangolin. Usedpart: scale. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipate stasis, freemenstruation and milk, disperse welling abscess. TCM Indications:Amenorrhea due to blood stasis, concretion and conglomeration,wind-damp impediment pain, galactostasis, swollen welling abscess,scrofula. Isolated compounds: 4535.T4107 Mansonia gagei (Sterculiaceae); MAN SUO NI YA XIN CAI;Mansonia Heartwood. Isolated compounds: 13519, 13520, 13521.T4108 Marchantia paleacea var. diptera (Marchantiaceae); ER YI TUO BAODI QIAN; Twowing Palea Liverwort*. Isolated compounds: 16540.T4109 Marchantia polymorpha (Marchantiaceae); DI SUO LUO. Used part:lichen. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxinand close sores. TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, swelling painof welling abscess and sore, poisonous snake bite, burns and scalds,fracture, knife wound. Isolated compounds: 9426, 9816, 10034, 11528,11681, 13550, 13551, 13552, 13553, 13554, 13555, 13556, 13557,13558, 16300, 16984, 17811, 18839, 21352, 21354, 21356, 22171.T4110 Marchantia sp. (Marchantiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13084.T4111 Marrubium peregrinum (Lamiaceae); YANG OU XIA ZHI CAO;Peregrine Hoarhound. Isolated compounds: 21202.T4112 Marrubium supinum [Syn. Lagopsis supina] (Lamiaceae); BAI HUAXIA ZHI CAO; Whiteflower Lagopsis. Isolated compounds: 17812.T4113 Marrubium velutinum (Lamiaceae); DUAN RONG MAO OU XIAZHI CAO; Velutinous Hoarhound*. Isolated compounds: 3607, 22370,22371.T4114 Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae); OU XIA ZHI CAO; CommonHoarhound. Isolated compounds: 580, 1663, 2134, 2325, 2912, 7925,13573, 13574, 17812, 17813.T4115 Marsdenia condurango (Asclepiadaceae); NAN MEI NIU NAI CAI;Condurango. Isolated compounds: 3964, 3965.T4116 Marsdenia globifera (Asclepiadaceae); QIU HUA NIU NAI CAI;Globose Condorvine. Isolated compounds: 1106, 1110, 1111, 1121.T4117 Marsdenia koi (Asclepiadaceae); DA YE NIU NAI CAI; KoCondorvine. Isolated compounds: 13575, 13576.T4118 Marsdenia oreophila (Asclepiadaceae); HUI ZHU NIU NAI CAI;Beakstyle Condorvine. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To stanchbleeding and dissipate stasis, free network vessels and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Bleeding due to external injury, fracture, lumbar and

497back pain. Isolated compounds: 13577.T4119 Marsdenia roylei (Asclepiadaceae); ROU LEI NIU NAI CAI; RoyleiCondorvine*. Isolated compounds: 5129, 5131, 5242, 7468, 13578,16032, 16033.T4120 Marsdenia tenacissima (Asclepiadaceae); TONG GUANG TENG;Tenacious Condorvine. Used part: stem, root or leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, relieve cough and calm asthma, disinhibitdamp and free milk, anticancer. TCM Indications: swelling pain inthroat, lung heat cough asthma, damp-heat jaundice, inhibitedurination [=dysuria], breast milk stoppage, sore and boil, carcinoma.Isolated compounds: 20930, 20931.T4121 Marsilea quadrifolia (Marsileaceae); PING; Water-clover. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and disperse edema,clear heat and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding, eliminate vexation andquiet spirit. TCM Indications: Edema, heat strangury, inhibitedurination [=dysuria], jaundice, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematuria, flooding spotting and vaginal discharge, profusemenstruation, sleepless and vexation, diabetes mellitus, common cold,summer unacclimation in child, swollen welling abscess and sore toxin,scrofula, mastitis, swelling pain in throat, acute conjunctivitis,poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 9638.T4122 Matayba arborescens. Isolated compounds: 3829.T4123 Matricaria aurea (Asteraceae); JIN SE MU JU; Aureate Mayweed*.Isolated compounds: 5903, 16837, 16838, 16840.T4124 Matricaria chamomilla [Syn. Matricaria recutita] (Asteraceae); MUJU (3) ; Mayweed. Used part: flower or whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, relieve cough and calm asthma, dispelwind-damp. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, swelling painin throat, lung heat cough asthma, heat impediment swelling and pain,swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 1502, 2044, 2071, 2414, 2416,2807, 3300, 3464, 3622, 7729, 9038, 9496, 13604, 13605, 16728,21176, 22035.Matricaria recutita = Matricaria chamomillaT4125 Matricaria suffruticosa (Asteraceae); BAN GUAN MU MU JU;Semi-frutex Mayweed*. Isolated compounds: 5236.T4126 Matteuccia orientalis (Onocleaceae); DONG FANG JIA GUO JUE;Oriental Ostrich Fern. Used part: rhizome or stem-leaf. TCM Effects:To dispel wind, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:13609, 13611, 13993.T4127 Matteuccia struthiopteris (Onocleaceae); XIAO YE GUAN ZHONG;Matteuccia Frond. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, kill worms, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Febrilediseases macular eruption, parotitis, damp-heat sore toxin, abdominalpain due to ascariasis, oxyuria disease, red dysentery and bloody stool,hematuria, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, flooding andspotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis]. Isolated compounds: 1599,2909, 3551, 6678, 6679, 8077, 8668, 17700, 18162, 19983.T4128 Maytenus buchananii (Celastraceae); BU CHANG NAN MEI DENGMU; Buchanan Mayten. Isolated compounds: 13619, 13620, 13621,13622.T4129 Maytenus canariensis (Celastraceae); JIA NA LI MEI DENG MU;Canari Mayten*. Isolated compounds: 16359, 16429, 17862, 21397.T4130 Maytenus chuchuhuasca (Celastraceae); QIU SHI MEI DENG MU;Chuchuhuasc Mayten*. TCM Effects: Anticarcinoma. TCMIndications: Skin cancer. Isolated compounds: 5655, 5656, 5744, 5745,10267, 11786, 11787, 11788, 16411, 22811, 22812, 22813.T4131 Maytenus confertiflorus (Celastraceae); MI HUA MEI DENG MU;Crown-flowered Mayten. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelstasis and relieve pain, resolve toxin and disperse swelling, anticancer.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, lumbago, carcinoma. Isolatedcompounds: 12952, 13620, 13621.T4132 Maytenus guangsiensis (Celastraceae); GUANG XI MEI DENG MU;Guangxi Mayten*. Isolated compounds: 13621.T4133 Maytenus heterophylla (Celastraceae); YI YE MEI DENG MU;Heteroleaf Mayten*. Isolated compounds: 9470, 10565.T4134 Maytenus hookeri (Celastraceae); YUN NAN MEI DENG MU;Yunnan Mayten. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To transform stasis anddisperse concretion, anticancer. TCM Indications: carcinoma. Isolatedcompounds: 13620, 13621.T4135 Maytenus ilicifolia (Celastraceae); DONG QING YE MEI DENG MU;Ilicis-leaf Mayten*. Isolated compounds: 16429.T4136 Maytenus krukovii (Celastraceae); KE SHI MEI DENG MU; KrukovMayten*. Isolated compounds: 3327, 15789.T4137 Maytenus mossambicensis (Celastraceae); MO SANG BI KE MEIDENG MU; Mozambique Mayten*. Isolated compounds: 3356.T4138 Maytenus ovatus (Celastraceae); LUAN YE MEI DENG MU;Ovateleaf Mayten*. Isolated compounds: 13619, 13621.T4139 Maytenus serrata (Celastraceae); CHI YE MEI DENG MU;Serrate-leaved Mayten. Isolated compounds: 13618, 13619, 13621.T4140 Maytenus sp. (Celastraceae). Isolated compounds: 21397.T4141 Meconopsis betonicifolia (Papaveraceae); HUO XIANG YE LVRONG HAO; Betonyleaf Meconopsis. Isolated compounds: 7002,16624, 16626, 16627.T4142 Meconopsis cambrica (Papaveraceae); WEI ER SHI LV RONG HAO;Welsh Poppy. Isolated compounds: 7980, 8524, 13630, 13631.T4143 Meconopsis horridula (Papaveraceae); DUO CI LV RONG HAO;Spiny Meconopsis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quickenblood and transform stasis, clear heat and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, fracture, pain in chest and back,wind-heat headache, swelling pain in joints. Isolated compounds: 1096,16627, 16628.T4144 Meconopsis nepaulensis (Papaveraceae); NI BO ER LV RONG HAO;Nepal Meconopsis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough,damp-heat jaundice, damp-heat edema, gastroenteritis, headache,dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea. Isolated compounds: 14590, 16627, 16628.T4145 Meconopsis punicea (Papaveraceae); HONG HUA LV RONG HAO;Redflower Meconopsis. Used part: whole herb with flower. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, relieve pain.TCM Indications: Ardent fever, tuberculosis, pneumonia, hepatitis,dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea, damp-heat edema, headache, hypertension.Isolated compounds: 866, 13630, 13994.T4146 Meconopsis spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 16627, 16628.T4147 Medicago falcata (Fabaceae); YE MU XU; Sickle Alfalfa. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and supplement vacuity,

498disinhibit urine and abate jaundice, soothe sinews and quickennetwork vessels. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity and abdominaldistention, indigestion, edema, jaundice, wind-damp impediment pain.Isolated compounds: 2017, 7821.T4148 Medicago sativa (Fabaceae); MU XU; Alfalfa. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood, disinhibit damp and abatejaundice. TCM Indications: Febrile diseases with vexation and fullness,jaundice, enteritis, dysentery, edema, urethral stone, hematocheziafrom hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 1673, 3059, 3209, 3774, 4190,4604, 5010, 5440, 7775, 7883, 8050, 8762, 8763, 12843, 12849,13018, 13456, 13635, 14469, 14619, 15146, 16118, 17024, 19395,20168, 20254, 20444, 21589, 21662.T4149 Medicago sativa (Fabaceae); MU XU GEN; Alfalfa Root. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, free stranguryand expel stone. TCM Indications: Febrile diseases with vexation andfullness, jaundice, urethral stone. Isolated compounds: 1040.T4150 Medicago sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 13638.T4151 Medicago spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 12908.T4152 Medinilla magnifica (Melastomataceae); HONG WEI SUAN JIAOGAN; Magnific Medinilla*. Isolated compounds: 15641, 15642.T4153 Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtaceae); HU SHENG YE BAI QIANCENG; Alternateleaf Melaleuca*. Isolated compounds: 20992.T4154 Melaleuca leucadendra (Myrtaceae); BAI QIAN CENG; Cajeput-tree.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and resolve exterior,disinhibit damp and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Common cold withfever, wind-damp bone pain, abdominal pain and diarrhea, windpapules, eczema. Isolated compounds: 7481.T4155 Melia azadirachta (Meliaceae); Chinaberry-tree. Isolated compounds:13661, 15601, 15602, 15604.T4156 Melia azedarach (Meliaceae); KU LIAN PI; Chinaberry-tree Bark.Equivalent plant: Melia toosendan. Used part: dried stem or rootcortex. TCM Effects: To expel worms and treat lichen. TCMIndications: Ascariasis, oxyuria disease, abdominal pain due to wormaccumulation, scab and lichen with itching. Isolated compounds: 2050,2054, 2055, 3710, 5194, 7945, 8249, 12328, 12329, 12330, 12952,13660, 13661, 13664, 13665, 13666, 13667, 13668, 13669, 13670,13671, 14544, 15603, 15606, 15610, 15611, 19177, 20966, 20967,21448, 21977.T4157 Melia azedarach (Meliaceae); KU LIAN SHI; Chinaberry-tree Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain, kill worms.TCM Indications: Pain in stomach duct and rib-side, mounting pain,abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, tinea capitis, frostbite(kibe). Isolated compounds: 4752, 4753, 4754, 4790, 15605, 21554.T4158 Melia azedarach (Meliaceae); KU LIAN YE; Chinaberry-tree Leaf*.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp, kill wormsand relieve itch, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Eczematitillation, sore lichen and scab lai, snake or insect bites, trichomonalvaginitis, mounting qi (hernia), painful swelling from knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 21449, 21450.T4159 Melia azedarach (Meliaceae); LIAN HUA; Chinaberry-tree Flower.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dispel damp, killworms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Prickly heat. Isolatedcompounds: 13675.T4160 Melia azedarach var. japonica (Meliaceae); RI BEN KU LIAN;Japanese Chinaberry-tree. Isolated compounds: 3308, 4791, 13669,19705.T4161 Melia indica (Meliaceae); YIN JIAN; Indica Melia*. Isolatedcompounds: 15601, 15602.T4162 Melia toosendan (Meliaceae); CHUAN LIAN PI; SzechwanChinaberry Bark. Used part: dried stem or root cortex. TCM Effects:See Melia azedarach. TCM Indications: See Melia azedarach. Isolatedcompounds: 4755, 4756, 11743, 13664, 13665, 13672, 14813, 15612,20206, 21447, 21448, 21554, 21555, 21556.T4163 Melia toosendan (Meliaceae); CHUAN LIAN ZI; SzechwanChinaberry Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To soothe liver, moveqi, relieve pain, expel worms. TCM Indications: Chest and rib-sidepain, distending pain in stomach duct, mounting qi, abdominal paindue to worm accumulation. Isolated compounds: 527, 14764, 15606,15607, 15608, 15609, 21448.T4164 Melicope coodeana (Rutaceae); RU NI WENG DAO MI ZHU YU;Reunion-Island Melicope*. Isolated compounds: 6218, 16863, 21911.T4165 Melicope ptelefolia (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 13676, 13677.T4166 Melicope semecarpifolia (Rutaceae); SI ROU TUO GUO YE MI ZHUYU. Isolated compounds: 2047, 3974, 3975, 6289, 6404, 6405, 6642,6708, 8824, 9226, 11605, 12254, 13673, 13674, 13685, 14072, 14254,19690, 20002.T4167 Melicope sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12254.T4168 Melicope spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 20978.T4169 Melicope triphylla (Rutaceae); SAN YE MI ZHU YU; ThreeleafMelicope. Isolated compounds: 16867.T4170 Melilotus albus (Fabaceae); BAI XIANG CAO MU XI; WhiteSweetclover. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, harmonize stomach and transform damp. TCMIndications: Summerheat-heat and oppression in chest, headache, badbreath, malaria, dysentery, strangury, skin sores. Isolated compounds:5440.T4171 Melilotus messanensis (Fabaceae); XI XI LI CAO MU XI; MessaniaSweetclover*. Isolated compounds: 13682, 13683, 13684.T4172 Melilotus suaveolens (Fabaceae); PI HAN CAO; DaghestanSweetclover. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearsummerheat and transform damp, fortify stomach and harmonizecenter. TCM Indications: Summerheat-damp and oppression in chest,distended head and headache, dysentery, malaria, strangury syndrome,vaginal discharge, mouth sore, bad breath, sores, damp sore, scab andlichen, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 663, 664, 3383, 4134, 4139,4141, 4142, 5440, 5665, 13678, 22195.T4173 Melilotus suaveolens (Fabaceae); PI HAN CAO GEN; DaghestanSweetclover Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Scrofula. Isolated compounds: 4134.T4174 Melissa officinalis (Lamiaceae); XIANG FENG HUA; Bee Balm.Isolated compounds: 3767, 12420.T4175 Melittis melissophyllum (Lamiaceae); OU ZHOU MI FENG HUA;Balmleaf Metittis. Isolated compounds: 4626.T4176 Melodinus balansae (Apocynaceae); BEI SHI SHAN CHENG;Balansa Melodinus*. Isolated compounds: 784.T4177 Melodinus celastroides (Apocynaceae); NAN SHE TENG ZHUANG

499SHAN CHENG; Celastrus Melodinus*. Isolated compounds: 22499.T4178 Melodinus hemsleyanus (Apocynaceae); CHUAN SHAN CHENG;Hemsley Melodinus. Used part: root or fruit. TCM Effects: To fortifyspleen, supplement blood, clear heat (root), free menstruation andpromote lactation, stanch bleeding, resolve toxin (fruit). TCMIndications: Spleen-stomach vacuity, anemia and scant milk, mouthsore, tongue sores (root), menstrual disorder, galactostasis, bleedingfrom hemorrhoids, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, snakebite (fruit). Isolated compounds: 5099, 10093, 10824.T4179 Melodinus tenuicaudatus (Apocynaceae); BO YE SHAN CHENG;Thin-leaf Melodinus. Isolated compounds: 20933.T4180 Melodorum fruticosum (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 463, 2257,2261, 2262, 13712.Melodorum glaucescens = Fissistigma glaucescensMelodorum oldhamii = Fissistigma oldhamiiMeniscium simplex = Pronephrium simplexT4181 Menispermum canadense (Menispermaceae); MEI GUO BIAN FU GE;Canada Moonseed. Isolated compounds: 4685.T4182 Menispermum dauricum (Menispermaceae); BIAN FU GE; AsiaticMoonseed. Used part: rattan. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Lumbago,scrofula, swelling pain in throat, diarrhea and dysentery, swelling painfrom hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 603, 604, 2343, 2344, 2345,4846, 6512, 6886, 19955.T4183 Menispermum dauricum (Menispermaceae); BIAN FU GE GEN;Asiatic Moonseed Root. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain, disinhibitdamp. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, lung heat cough,epidemic parotitis, diarrhea, jaundice, wind-damp impediment pain,swelling pain from hemorrhoids, snake or insect bites. Isolatedcompounds: 602, 603, 604, 3494, 4100, 4101, 4685, 4686, 4687, 4688,4689, 4690, 4691, 4692, 4693, 4847, 5077, 5581, 6260, 6268, 6574,9825, 10428, 13716, 13717, 14251, 15802, 15803, 17968, 19187,19955, 20324, 21206, 21255, 22159.Mentha arvensis = Mentha haplocalyxMentha arvensis var. haplocalyx = Mentha haplocalyxMentha cablin = Pogostemon cablinMentha canadaensis = Mentha haplocalyxT4184 Mentha haplocalyx [Syn. Mentha canadaensis; Mentha arvensis var.haplocalyx; Mentha arvensis] (Lamiaceae); BO HE; Wild Mint. Usedpart: dried aerial parts. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind-heat, clearhead and eyes, disinhibit pharynx and larynx, outthrust papules,resolve depression. TCM Indications: Chronic urticaria, infection ofupper respiratory tract, sarcoma, wind-heat exterior syndrome,headache and red eyes, swelling pain in throat, non-eruption ofmeasles, dormant papules with pruritus, liver depression and rib-sidepain, abdominal distention. Isolated compounds: 139, 2444, 2445,2887, 3045, 9515, 11533, 12420, 12843, 13774, 13775, 13776, 13779,17376.T4185 Mentha longifolia (Lamiaceae); OU BO HE; Horse Mint. Isolatedcompounds: 7278, 9458, 12978, 12979, 12984.T4186 Mentha piperita (Lamiaceae); LA BO HE; Pepper Mint. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and dissipate heat, resolve toxinand dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold,headache, red eyes, sore pharynx, epidemic parotitis. Isolatedcompounds: 12420, 13779, 22768.T4187 Mentha pulegium (Lamiaceae); CHUN E BO HE; Pennyroyal Mint.Isolated compounds: 18190.T4188 Mentha rotundifolia (Lamiaceae); YU XIANG CAO; Apple Mint.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, resolve toxin,harmonize stomach, moisten skin. TCM Indications: Common cold,eye diseases, stomachache, sore and boil, cracking. Isolatedcompounds: 3237, 6455, 15413, 15415, 15926, 17457, 18190, 18954,19309.T4189 Mentha sp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 12843, 13776.T4190 Mentha spicata (Lamiaceae); LIU LAN XIANG; Spearmint. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, harmonize center,rectify qi. TCM Indications: Common cold, cough, headache, sorepharynx, red eyes, nosebleed(epistaxis), stomachache, abdominaldistention, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, dysmenorrhea,numbness in limbs, painful swelling from knocks and falls, sore andboil, cracking. Isolated compounds: 3237.T4191 Mentha spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17454, 18954.T4192 Mentha sylvestris (Lamiaceae); SEN LIN BO HE; Forest Mint.Isolated compounds: 17457.T4193 Menyanthes sp. (Gentianaceae). Isolated compounds: 5191.T4194 Menyanthes trifoliata (Gentianaceae); SHUI CAI; Bogbean. Used part:leaf or whole herb. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and disperse food,nourish heart and quiet spirit, clear heat and disinhibit urine. TCMIndications: Gastritis, indigestion, palpitation and insomnia, damp-heatjaundice, cholecystitis, edema, inhibited urination, inhibited voidingsof reddish urine. Isolated compounds: 2850, 4415, 4416, 5615, 7851,8291, 8296, 8297, 9088, 12950, 12952, 13773, 19623, 20168.T4195 Menyanthes trifoliata (Gentianaceae); SHUI CAI GEN; Bogbean Root.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To moisten lung and suppresscough, suppress cough, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications:Cough, edema, wind-damp pain, hypertension. Isolated compounds:5615, 7851, 8299, 13773.T4196 Mercurialis annua (Euphorbiaceae); YI NIAN SHENG SHAN DIAN;Annual Mercury. Isolated compounds: 22975.T4197 Merremia dissecta (Convolvulaceae); SHEN LIE YU HUANG CAO;Deeplobed Merremia*. Isolated compounds: 13784, 13785, 13786,13787, 13788.T4198 Merremia quinquefolia (Convolvulaceae); WU YE YU HUANG CAO;Five-leaf Merremia*. Isolated compounds: 14487.T4199 Mesembryanthemum anatomicum (Aizoaceae); MING SONG YE JU;Anatomicum Fig*. Isolated compounds: 13796, 13797, 13798.T4200 Mesembryanthemum edule (Aizoaceae); SHI YONG RI ZHONG HUA;Hottentot Fig. Isolated compounds: 2320, 11252.T4201 Mesembryanthemum expansum (Aizoaceae); KUO ZHANG SONGYE JU; Expansum Fig*. Isolated compounds: 13796, 13797, 13798.T4202 Mesembryanthemum tortuosum (Aizoaceae); NIU QU SONG YE JU;Tortuous Fig*. Isolated compounds: 13796, 13797, 13798.Mesogloea decipiens = Nemacystus decipiensT4203 Mesua ferrea (Clusiaceae); TIE LI MU; Common Mesua. Used part:bark, flower and seed. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and dispel

500phlegm, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Coughwith profuse phlegm, swelling of sore welling abscess and boil,bleeding from hemorrhoids, scalds, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 5642, 5643, 6011, 6018, 6019, 6020, 6021, 6181, 10241,10507, 13467, 13469, 13470, 13804, 13805, 13806, 13807, 13808,13809, 13810, 13811.T4204 Mesua racemosa (Clusiaceae); ZONG ZHUANG TIE LI MU;Racemose Mesua*. Isolated compounds: 13471, 18514.T4205 Mesua thwaitesii (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6181, 13464.T4206 Metaplexis japonica (Asclepiadaceae); LUO MO; Japanese Metaplexis.Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To supplement essenceand boost qi, free milk, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Vacuitydetriment and taxation damage, impotence, emission, vaginaldischarge, scant breast milk, erysipelas, scrofula, clove sore, snake orinsect bites. Isolated compounds: 2268, 4796, 5384, 8046, 11643,12880, 13813, 16917, 19361, 22285.T4207 Metaplexis japonica (Asclepiadaceae); LUO MO ZI; JapaneseMetaplexis Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To supplement kidneyand boost essence, engender flesh and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Vacuity taxation, impotence, emission, incised wound andbleeding. Isolated compounds: 5527, 16034, 18528, 19375.T4208 Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Taxodiaceae); SHUI SHAN; DawnRedwood. Used part: leaf and fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, eliminate inflammation and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, lichen sore.Isolated compounds: 7751.T4209 Michelia alba (Magnoliaceae); BAI LAN HUA; Bailan Flower. Usedpart: flower. TCM Effects: To transform damp, move qi, relieve cough.TCM Indications: Oppression in chest and abdomen distention,summerheat stroke, cough, prostatitis, Vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 12917, 14827, 14829, 19183.T4210 Michelia champaca (Magnoliaceae); HUANG MIAN GUI; ChampacMichelia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,disinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,swelling pain in throat. Isolated compounds: 12917, 14829, 16675,16713.T4211 Michelia compressa var. formosana (Magnoliaceae); WU XIN SHI;Formosan Michelia*. Isolated compounds: 14828, 14829, 14830,19308.T4212 Michelia doltsopa (Magnoliaceae); NAN YA HAN XIAO; South AsiaMichelia. Isolated compounds: 4939.T4213 Michelia lanuginosa (Magnoliaceae); CHANG MAO HAN XIAO;Longhairy Michelia*. Isolated compounds: 16675.T4214 Michelia spaerantha (Magnoliaceae); MAO GUO HAN XIAO;Hairyfruit Michelia. Isolated compounds: 20149.T4215 Michelia yunnanensis (Magnoliaceae); YUN NAN HAN XIAO;Yunnan Michelia. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Pharyngolaryngitis, nasitis,conjunctivitis, brain leak. Isolated compounds: 5967, 9797, 16675,18673.T4216 Miconia sp. (Malastomataceae). Isolated compounds: 17857.T4217 Microcos paniculata [Syn. Grewia microcos] (Tiliaceae); PO BU YE;Paniculate Microcos. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, fortify stomach and disperse stagnation. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, jaundice, inappetence,indigestion, distending pain in stomach duct and abdomen, diarrhea,sores, centipede bite. Isolated compounds: 14284.T4218 Microglossa pyrifolia (Asteraceae); XIAO SHE JU GEN; PearleafMicroglossa Root. Isolated compounds: 149, 212, 270, 416, 417, 418,419, 10057, 10813, 14117, 14118, 14119.T4219 Microlepia marginata (Dennstaedtiaceae); BIAN YUAN LIN GAIJUE; Marginate Microlepia. Used part: tender leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dispel wind and quicken network vessels.TCM Indications: Swollen sore of welling abscess and boil,wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:468, 469, 7999, 8000, 8001, 13561, 13562, 14838, 18698.T4220 Microlepia strigosa [Syn. Trichomanes strigosa] (Dennstaedtiaceae);CU MAO LIN GAI JUE; Strigose Microlepia. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Enteritis, influenza. Isolated compounds: 18098, 18142, 18150.T4221 Micromelum falcatum (Rutaceae); XIAO GAN; Falcate Micromelum.Used part: root or leaf. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and move qi,dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Chest impediment,painful swelling from knocks and falls, fracture, sprain, wind-dampimpediment pain, throat pain, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 5709, 5710, 5711, 17824, 22937.T4222 Micromelum hirsutum (Rutaceae); YIN MAO XIAO YUN MU; HairyMicromelum*. Isolated compounds: 7897, 7907, 12489, 14216, 14217,14840, 14842.T4223 Micromelum integerrimum (Rutaceae); XIAO YUN MU; EntireMicromelum. Used part: root, bark and leaf. TCM Effects: To coursewind and resolve exterior, warm center and move qi, dissipate stasisand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Influenza, common cold withcough, stomachache, wind-damp impediment pain, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 14839, 19542.T4224 Micromelum minutum (Rutaceae); JI XIAO XIAO YUN XIANG MU;Minima Micromelum*. Isolated compounds: 5552, 7149, 9998, 10244.T4225 Microsorium punctatum (Polypodiaceae); XING JUE; PunctatedMicrosorium*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Strangury, inhibitedurination, knocks and falls, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 14152,14281.T4226 Microtoena prainiana (Lamiaceae); NAN CHUAN GUAN CHUNHUA; Prain Microtoena. Isolated compounds: 874, 1476, 1485, 4225,7424, 9458, 11350, 12331, 13137, 13151, 14261, 14847, 14848,14849, 16498, 19542.T4227 Microula sikkimensis (Boraginaceae); WEI KONG CAO; SikkimMicroula. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood. Isolated compounds: 9913, 9914.T4228 Mikania cordata (Asteraceae); JIA ZE LAN; Heartshape Mikania.Isolated compounds: 14850.T4229 Mikania mendocina (Asteraceae); TAI PING YANG JIA ZE LAN;Pasific Mikania*. Isolated compounds: 18293.T4230 Mikania scandens (Asteraceae); WEI GAN JU; Climbing Hempweed.Isolated compounds: 5678, 14850.T4231 Milingtonia hortensis (Bignoniaceae); TONG LUO HAN. Used part:

501bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relieve itch, transformphlegm and relieve cough, expel roundworm. TCM Indications: Windpapule itching, cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, ascariasis.Isolated compounds: 18614, 18615, 18616, 18617.T4232 Miliusa balansae (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 2471, 3623,14852, 14853, 16498.T4233 Millettia auriculata (Fabaceae); ER XING JI XUE TENG; AuriculateMillettia*. Isolated compounds: 2014.T4234 Millettia dielsiana (Fabaceae); KUN MING JI XUE TENG; DielsMillettia. Used part: rattan. TCM Effects: To supplement blood andstanch bleeding, quicken blood and free network vessels. TCMIndications: Blood vacuity and general weakness, taxation damage andsinew bone pain, menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, postpartumabdominal pain, persistent flow of lochia, wind-damp impediment pain,bleeding, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 676, 3004, 10967,11543, 11696, 14713, 15993, 16804.T4235 Millettia erythrocalyx (Fabaceae); HONG E JI XUE TENG; RedcalyxMillettia*. Isolated compounds: 3334, 5221, 6242, 13934, 14361,14363, 14376, 14855, 14856, 14857, 14858, 16274, 17707, 17713.T4236 Millettia griffoniana (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 9007, 9008,9009.T4237 Millettia laurentii (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 12567, 12568.T4238 Millettia nitida (Fabaceae); LIANG YE YAN DOU TENG; ShiningleafMillettia. Used part: rattan. TCM Effects: To supplement blood andquicken blood, soothe channels and quicken network vessels. TCMIndications: Blood vacuity, postpartum vacuity weakness, dizziness,menstrual disorder, wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs.Isolated compounds: 6918.T4239 Millettia nitida var. hirsutissima (Fabaceae); FENG CHENG JI XUETENG; HirsuteMillettia. Used part: root and lianoid stem. TCMEffects: To supplement blood and quicken blood, soothe sinews andquicken network vessels. TCM Indications: Blood vacuity and generalweakness, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia], wind-damp impedimentpain, poliomyelitis, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 7884, 9554,9555, 9556.T4240 Millettia pachycarpa (Fabaceae); KU TAN ZI; Thickfruit Millettia.Used part: seed or fruit. TCM Effects: To attack toxin and relieve pain,disperse accumulation and kill worms. TCM Indications: Scab andlichen, sore lai, sand qi abdominal pain, child gan accumulation.Isolated compounds: 6496, 10680, 13088, 16489, 16490, 16491,16492, 16493, 18939.T4241 Millettia pervilleana (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 17004, 17005.T4242 Millettia racemosa (Fabaceae); ZONG ZHUANG JI XUE TENG;Racemose Millettia*. Isolated compounds: 15436.T4243 Millettia reticulata (Fabaceae); JI XUE TENG GEN; LeatherleafMillettia Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quiet spirit, calm.TCM Indications: Manic agitation schizophrenia. Isolated compounds:18939.T4244 Millettia stuhlmannii (Fabaceae); SI TU JI XUE TENG; StuhlmannMillettia*. Isolated compounds: 18857.T4245 Millettia thonningii (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 5727, 10466,14131, 21081, 21336.T4246 Millettia usaramensis ssp. usaramensis (Fabaceae). Isolatedcompounds: 2148, 4949, 5733, 6971, 8322, 22278, 22279.T4247 Millingtonia hortensis (Bignoniaceae); ZI MEI SHU; GardenMillingtonia. Used part: bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andrelieve itch, resolve toxin and kill worms, suppress cough andtransform phlegm. TCM Indications: Eczema, urticaria, ascariasis,cough of phlegm asthma, leptochroa. Isolated compounds: 266, 9564,19582, 19584.T4248 Mimosa pudica (Fabaceae); HAN XIU CAO; Sensitive Plant. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool blood and resolve toxin, clearheat and disinhibit damp, quiet spirit and calm. TCM Indications:Common cold, infant ardent fever, bronchitis, hepatitis, gastritis,enteritis, conjunctivitis, calculus of urinary system, edema, taxationdamage hemoptysis, nosebleed(epistaxis), hematuria, neurasthenia,neurosis, insomnia, toxin swelling of sores, zoster, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 14868, 14869, 15708, 22122.T4249 Mimosa sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6533.T4250 Mimosa tenuiflora (Fabaceae); XI HUA HAN XIU CAO;Smallflower Mimosa*. Isolated compounds: 20934, 20935, 20936.T4251 Mimulus aurantiacus (Scrophulariaceae); JU SE GOU SUAN JIANG;Orange Monkeyflower*. Isolated compounds: 2007.T4252 Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae); ZI MO LI GEN; CommonFour-o’clock Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Heat strangury, white turbidity, edema, red and white vaginaldischarge, swelling pain in joints, swelling toxin of welling abscessand sore, mammary welling abscess, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 11018, 13860, 14109, 14498, 14879, 14880, 14881,14882, 22623.T4253 Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae); ZI MO LI YE; CommonFour-o’clock Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dispel wind and percolate damp, quicken blood. TCMIndications: Welling abscess, boil, scab sore, lichen, wound. Isolatedcompounds: 21662.T4254 Miscanthus sinensis (Poaceae); MANG JING; Chinese Silvergrass.Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To dissipate blood, disinhibit urine,resolve heat toxin. TCM Indications: Inhibited urination, animal andinsect bites. Isolated compounds: 14884, 18003, 21589.T4255 Mitragyna africanus (Rubiaceae); FEI ZHOU MAO ZHU MU;African Mitragyna*. Isolated compounds: 14108.T4256 Mitragyna inermis (Rubiaceae); WU CI MAO ZHU MU; SpinelessMitragyna*. Isolated compounds: 11035, 11036, 18826.T4257 Mitragyna macrophylla (Rubiaceae); DA YE MAO ZHU MU; AburaMitragyna. Isolated compounds: 14889.T4258 Mitragyna speciosa (Rubiaceae); MEI LI MAO ZHU MU; BeautifulMitragyna*. Isolated compounds: 10528, 14886, 16735, 20138,20139.T4259 Mnium cuspidatum (Mniaceae); SHUI MU CAO; Cuspidate MniumHerb. Used part: plant body. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Nosebleed(epistaxis), blood ejection,hematochezia, flooding and spotting. Isolated compounds: 19331.Moghania philippinensis = Flemingia philippinensisT4260 Moghania philippinensis (Fabaceae); FEI LV BIN QIAN JIN BA;Philippine Flemingia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind

502and eliminate damp, strengthen sinews and bones, quicken blood andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,taxation damage in lumbar muscle, wilting-weakness in limbs, knocksand falls, swelling pain in throat. Isolated compounds: 6305, 21098,21717, 21718, 21796.Mollugo lotoides = Glinus lotoidesT4261 Mollugo pentaphylla (Aizoaceae); SU MI CAO; Fiveleaf Carpetweed.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and transformdamp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Abdominal pain and diarrhea, dysentery, common cold with cough,summerheat stroke, skin heat papules, red eyes with gall, swellingtoxin of sore and boil, poisonous snake bite, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 14902, 14903, 14904, 14905.T4262 Mollugo spergula (Aizoaceae). Isolated compounds: 20142, 20143,20144, 20145.T4263 Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae); KU GUA; Balsampear. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel summerheat, brighten eyes, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Summerheat-heat vexation and thirst,diabetes mellitus, painful red eyes, dysentery, swelling toxin of soreand welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 1046, 3774, 8078, 13212,14907, 14908, 19987, 20346, 22466.T4264 Momordica cochinchinensis (Cucurbitaceae); MU BIE GEN;Cochinhina Momordica Root. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: Toresolve toxin, disperse distention, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Welling abscess and toxin of clove, innominate toxin swelling,lymphrnoditis. Isolated compounds: 2973, 4127.T4265 Momordica cochinchinensis (Cucurbitaceae); MU BIE ZI; CochinhinaMomordica Seed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To dissipatebinds and disperse swelling, attack toxin and cure sores. TCMIndications: Swollen welling abscess, mammary welling abscess,scrofula, hemorrhoids and fistulas, dry lichen, bald sores. Isolatedcompounds: 14909, 16050.T4266 Momordica dioica (Cucurbitaceae); SHAN KU GUA; MountainBalsampear. Isolated compounds: 8765.Momordica grosvenorii = Siraitia grosvenoriiT4267 Monachosorum flagellare (Monachosoraceae); WEI YE XI ZI JUE;Tail-leaf Monachosorum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, pain wind. Isolated compounds: 14911,14912, 14913, 15026, 18098.T4268 Monachosorum henryi (Monachosoraceae); XI ZI JUE; Henry’sMonachosorum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp bonepain, painful wound from knocks and falls, mounting qi. Isolatedcompounds: 14911, 14912, 14913, 15026.T4269 Monarda didyma (Lamiaceae); MEI GUO BO HE; Oswegotea.Isolated compounds: 14914.T4270 Monascus kaoliang GAO LIANG HONG QU; Red Koji; Angkak.Isolated compounds: 14915, 14916.T4271 Mondia whitei MENG DI TENG. Isolated compounds: 3570.T4272 Monimia spp. Isolated compounds: 15751.T4273 Monochaetum multiflorum (Melastomataceae). Isolated compounds:2286, 8104, 8114, 14921, 15643.T4274 Monostroma nitidum (Monostromaceae ); JIAO MO. Used part: frond.TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit water, transform phlegm andrelieve cough. TCM Indications: Laryngitis, cough and abundantphlegm, edema, inhibited urination [=dysuria]. Isolated compounds:9384.T4275 Monotropa hypopitys (Pyrolaceae); HUANG SHUI JING LAN;Yellow Bird’s-nest. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: Tosuppress cough, supplement vacuity. TCM Indications: Spasmodiccough, trachitis, vacuity weakness, inhibited urination. Isolatedcompounds: 14933.T4276 Monotropa uniflora (Pyrolaceae); SHUI JING LAN; Indianpipe. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To supplement lung and relieve cough. TCMIndications: Lung vacuity cough. Isolated compounds: 14933.T4277 Montanoa tomentosa (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 23021.T4278 Montrouziera sphaeroidea (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14947,14948.T4279 Morina chinensis (Dipsacaceae); YUAN E CI XU DUAN; ChineseMorina. Used part: whole herb or seed. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, supplement liver and kidney, disperse swollen wellingabscess. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, aching inlumbus and knees, dizziness, frequent urination, swelling and pain ofsore and welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 14976, 14977.T4280 Morinda citrifolia (Rubiaceae); HAI BA JI; Indianmulberry. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Dysentery, tuberculosis. Isolated compounds: 899, 900, 1360, 1361,1894, 4716, 6376, 9790, 14972, 14974, 14975, 15734.T4281 Morinda coreia (Rubiaceae); TAI GUO BA JI; ThailandIndianmulberry*. Isolated compounds: 470, 507, 21923, 22926, 22927,22928.T4282 Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae); GUANG ZE BA JI; LucidIndianmulberry*. Isolated compounds: 14144, 15734.T4283 Morinda officinalis (Rubiaceae); BA JI TIAN; MedicinalIndianmulberry. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement kidneyand invigorate yang, strengthen sinews and bones, eliminatewind-damp. TCM Indications: Neurasthenia, impotence and emission,cold pain in abdomen, urinary incontinence, vacuity cold of uterus,wind-cold-damp impediment, aching in lumbus and knees. Isolatedcompounds: 1893, 5818, 5961, 9791, 10193, 10467, 14933, 14973,16014, 17247, 19983.T4284 Morinda parvifolia (Rubiaceae); BAI YAN TENG; LittleleafIndianmulberry. Used part: whole plant. TCM Effects: To clear heatand relieve cough, harmonize stomach and transform damp, dissipatestasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Common cold with cough,pertussis, indigestion, eczema, knocks and falls, taxation damage inlumbar muscle. Isolated compounds: 5522, 10468, 13044.T4285 Morinda tinctoria (Rubiaceae); RAN SE JI YAN TENG; DyedMorinda. Isolated compounds: 14974, 15734.T4286 Morinda umbellata (Rubiaceae); YANG JIAO TENG; CommonIndianmulberry. Used part: root or bark. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in joints, kidney vacuitylumbago. Isolated compounds: 899, 900, 901, 9792, 10467, 13041,14002, 14144, 15076, 18224, 18998, 18999, 20369.T4287 Morus alba (Moraceae); SANG BAI PI; White Mulberry Root-bast.

503Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To drain lung and calm asthma,disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough asthma, water-rheum collecting lung, distention fullness andrapid asthma, edema, beriberi, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds:4517, 4518, 6002, 6003, 6004, 6914, 12379, 12380, 12381, 12382,12383, 12384, 12387, 12388, 12389, 12393, 12394, 14951, 14952,14965, 14971, 14995, 15038, 15039, 15040, 15045, 15047, 15048,15049, 15050, 15051, 15812, 16445, 19255, 19256, 19257, 19259,19260, 19261, 19262, 19263, 19264, 19265, 19266, 19267, 19268,19269, 19270, 19271, 19542.T4288 Morus alba (Moraceae); SANG SHI; White Mulberry Fruit. Used part:spicate fruit. TCM Effects: To enrish yin and nourish blood, engenderliquid, moisten intestines. TCM Indications: Dizzy head and vision dueto insufficiency of liver-kidney and blood vacuity essence depletion,aching lumbus and tinnitus, premature graying in beard and hair,insomnia and frequent dreaming, fluid damage and thirst, diabetesmellitus, intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 6052,6053, 6054, 14989, 14990, 14991, 14992, 14993, 14994, 21815,21816.T4289 Morus alba (Moraceae); SANG YE; White Mulberry Leaf. Equivalentplant: Morus mongolica, Morus australis, Morus cathayana. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and dissipate heat, clear lung andmoisten dryness, clear liver and brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, lung heat dry cough, dizziness and headache,red eyes and clouded vision. Isolated compounds: 617, 844, 846, 1935,2276, 3040, 3551, 4232, 4337, 5789, 6002, 6003, 6004, 6679, 7521,7852, 7853, 9021, 9942, 9943, 9944, 9945, 11067, 11085, 11290,11642, 11754, 12385, 12386, 13098, 13296, 14718, 14953, 14954,14955, 14956, 14957, 14958, 14959, 14960, 14971, 14995, 15039,16532, 16884, 18317, 18834, 18918, 19087, 19542, 19545, 19987,20003, 21662, 22554.T4290 Morus alba (Moraceae); SANG ZHI; White Mulberry Branch. Usedpart: young twig. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, disinhibit joints,lower blood pressure, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Hypertension,aching pain in joints, numbness in joints. Isolated compounds: 863,1764, 3010, 4337, 4517, 4518, 5198, 5475, 5679, 7705, 8052, 13296,14290, 14971, 14995, 15038, 17841.T4291 Morus australis (Moraceae); AO DA LI YA SANG; Japanese Mulberry.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Morus alba. TCM Indications: SeeMorus alba. Isolated compounds: 15038.T4292 Morus bombycis (Moraceae); CAN SANG; Silk Mulberry*. Isolatedcompounds: 3453, 12377, 15041.T4293 Morus cathayana (Moraceae); HUA SANG; Chinese Mulberry. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: See Morus alba. TCM Indications: See Morusalba. Isolated compounds: 3324, 3325, 15053, 19252, 19255, 19256,19257, 19258, 19259, 19268, 19270.T4294 Morus insignis (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 14984, 14985, 14986,14987, 14988.T4295 Morus laevigata (Moraceae); PING HUA SANG; Smooth Mulberry*.Isolated compounds: 13085.T4296 Morus lhou (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 847, 15043, 15044,15052, 15058.T4297 Morus macroura (Moraceae); NAI SANG; Long-tail Mulberry*.Isolated compounds: 845, 9053, 9054, 9055, 9056, 9057, 9058, 9059,9060, 9061, 9062, 9063, 9064, 9065, 9066, 12390, 12391, 12392,15044, 15045.T4298 Morus mongolica (Moraceae); MENG SANG; Mongolian Mulberry.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Morus alba. TCM Indications: SeeMorus alba. Isolated compounds: 1956, 12378, 12385, 12386, 14995,15038, 15040, 15042, 15046, 15054, 15055, 15056, 15057, 19253,19254, 19262, 19272.T4299 Morus serrata (Moraceae); JU CHI SANG; Serrate Mulberry*.Isolated compounds: 14971.T4300 Morus sp. (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 2018, 3010, 3011, 4234,4343, 5700, 8053, 8614, 11894, 13851, 14983, 18919, 19265, 20003.T4301 Morus spp. (Moraceae). Isolated compounds: 16445.T4302 Morus tinctoria (Moraceae); RAN SE SANG; Tinctorial Mulberry*.Isolated compounds: 14971.T4303 Moschus moschiferus; Moschus berezovskii; Moschus sifanicus(Cervidae); SHE XIANG; Abelmusk. Used part: dried secretionobtained from musk gland of musk deer. TCM Effects: To openorifices and arouse spirit, quicken blood and dissipate binds, disperseswelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Angina pectoris, cerebralthrombosis, vascular migraine, carcinoma, febrile diseases cloudedspirit, wind stroke with phlegm reversal, qi depression and fulminantreversal, malignity stroke stupor, amenorrhea due to blood stasis,concretion conglomeration accumulation and gathering, sudden pain inheart and abdomen, knocks and falls, wound, impediment painnumbness, malign sore with welling abscess and flat abscess, throatimpediment, mouth sore, gan of teeth and gum, otitis media. Isolatedcompounds: 917, 1163, 1164, 1165, 1166, 1167, 1168, 1169, 1170,3578, 3585, 4524, 4537, 4538, 4831, 7383, 7384, 9780, 9781, 9782,9783, 10532, 10533, 14276, 15127, 15128, 15129, 15130, 15682,15778, 21022, 22247, 22248.T4304 Mosla chinensis [Syn. Orthodon chinensis] (Lamiaceae); SHI XIANGRU; Chinese Orthodon. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toeffuse sweat and resolve summerheat, transform damp and harmonizecenter, move water and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Summerexternally contracted wind-cold, headache without sweating, pain instomach duct and abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, inhibited urination,edema. Isolated compounds: 2550, 3231, 3232, 7521, 9669, 10025,21360.T4305 Mosla dianthera (Lamiaceae); DA YE XIANG RU; Twoanther Mosla.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse exterior and dispelsummerheat, disinhibit damp and harmonize center, stanch bleedingand disperse swelling, dissipate wind and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Wind-cold common cold, yin summerheat and headache,nausea, pain in stomach duct, white dysentery, edema, spontaneousexternal bleeding, bleeding from hemorrhoids, sore and boil, pudendalitch, eczema, bleeding due to external injury, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 2412, 4550, 6193, 6482, 9669, 12843, 20988.T4306 Mosla grosseserrata (Lamiaceae); JI NING; Largeserrate Mosla. Usedpart: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and disperse edema,harmonize stomach and inhibit acid. TCM Indications: Diarrhea anddysentery due to cold qi, hyperchlorhydria. Isolated compounds: 2412,9669.

504Mosla punctata = Mosla scabraT4307 Mosla scabra [Syn. Mosla punctata] (Lamiaceae); SHI JI NING;Scabrous Mosla. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To course windand resolve exterior, clear summerheat and eliminate damp, resolvetoxin and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Common cold with headache,cough, summerheat stroke, eczema, enteritis, dysentery, bleeding fromhemorrhoids, flooding, prickly heat, wind papules, foot lichen, snakeor insect bites. Isolated compounds: 1148, 1835, 2849, 9669, 11552,13391, 15000, 15001, 15926, 21350.T4308 Mucuna birdwoodiana (Fabaceae); BAI HUA YOU MA TENG;Whiteflower Mucuna. Used part: rattan. TCM Effects: To supplementblood and quicken blood, free channels and quicken network vessels.TCM Indications: blood vacuity, septicemia, menstrual disorder,numbness and paralysis, aching in lumbus and legs. Isolatedcompounds: 6558, 7788.T4309 Mucuna cochinchinensis (Fabaceae); MAO DOU; CochinchinaMucuna*. Isolated compounds: 6558.T4310 Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae); CI YANG LI DOU; Cowage Velvet-bean.Isolated compounds: 3169, 3170, 6418, 6420, 10818, 19760.T4311 Mucuna sempervirens (Fabaceae); CHANG CHUN YOU MA TENG;Evergreen Mucuna. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand regulate menstruation, supplement blood and soothe sinews. TCMIndications: Menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea,postpartum anemia, blood vacuity, wind-damp impediment pain,numbness in limbs, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 6558.T4312 Muehlenbeckia spp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 3615.T4313 Mulinum spinosum (Lamiaceae); DUO CI LUO CAO; ArgentinMulinum spinosum. Isolated compounds: 15060, 15061.Munchausia speciosa = Lagerstroemia speciosaT4314 Muntingia calabura YA MAI JIA YING TAO; Jamaica Cherry*.Isolated compounds: 1401, 1406, 1407, 1414, 1419, 11504, 16864,21918.T4315 Muricella sinensis (Gorgonidae ); ZHONG HUA XIAO JIAN LIUSHAN HU; Gorgonian Muricella sinensis. Isolated compounds: 2975.T4316 Murraya crenulata (Rutaceae); TAI WAN JIU LI XIANG; TaiwanCommon Jasminorange. Isolated compounds: 15117.T4317 Murraya euchrestifolia [Syn. Clausena euchrestifolia] (Rutaceae);DOU YE JIU LI XIANG; Euchretaleaf Common Jasminorange. Usedpart: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and resolve exterior,quicken blood and dissipate stasis, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Common cold, cough, headache, knocks and falls,wind-damp bone pain. Isolated compounds: 13397, 13398, 15117,15118.T4318 Murraya exotica (Rutaceae); ZHONG HUA JIU LI XIANG; ChineseCommon Jasminorange. Isolated compounds: 2485, 13398, 14824,14825, 15105, 16260.T4319 Murraya koenigii (Rutaceae); YIN DU JIU LI XIANG; IndianCommon Jasminorange. Isolated compounds: 2480, 8456, 9419,10104, 11520, 11690, 12247, 12248, 12249, 12250, 13398, 13399,15113, 15118, 15119, 16442.T4320 Murraya kwangsiensis (Rutaceae); GUANG XI JIU LI XIANG;Kwangsi Jasminorange. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: Tocourse wind and resolve exterior, quicken blood and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Common cold, measles papules, knocks and falls,keratitis, fracture. Isolated compounds: 12396.T4321 Murraya microphylla (Rutaceae); NEN YE JIU LI XIANG;Juvenileleaf Common Jasminorange. Isolated compounds: 8456.T4322 Murraya omphalocarpa (Rutaceae); QI GUO JIU LI XIANG;Omphalo-fruit Common Jasminorange*. Isolated compounds: 6266,15103, 15104, 15107, 15120, 16094, 16095.T4323 Murraya paniculata [Syn. Chalcas paniculata] (Rutaceae); JIU LIXIANG; Common Jasminorange. Equivalent plant: Murrayapaniculata var. exotica. Used part: leaf and branchlet. TCM Effects:To move qi and quicken blood, dissipate stasis and relieve pain,resolve toxin and disperse swelling, anesthetize and settle pain. TCMIndications: Pain in stomach duct, wind-damp impediment pain,painful swelling from knocks and falls, sore and welling abscess,snake or insect bites, local anesthesia. Isolated compounds: 570, 859,1763, 2137, 2354, 2355, 3194, 3241, 3242, 3768, 4193, 4515, 5057,5089, 5556, 6265, 6266, 7521, 7696, 7697, 8312, 9193, 9403, 9404,9405, 9406, 9509, 9511, 10928, 11001, 11534, 11536, 12843, 13397,13781, 13930, 14142, 14718, 14718, 14825, 14841, 15100, 15101,15102, 15104, 15108, 15109, 15110, 15118, 15121, 15122, 15707,15935, 16259, 16261, 16605, 16606, 16615, 16617, 16930, 16935,17051, 17376, 17377, 18190, 19542, 19545, 19694, 19929, 20002,22615, 22937.T4324 Murraya paniculata [Syn. Chalcas paniculata] (Rutaceae); JIU LIXIANG GEN; Common Jasminorange Root. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, move qi and relieve pain,free network vessels and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, cold pain in lumbus and knees, painwind, knocks and falls, painful swollen testes, eczema, scab and lichen.Isolated compounds: 10162, 16612, 16613, 16614, 16871, 22937.T4325 Murraya paniculata var. exotica (Rutaceae); XIAO YE JIU LI XIANG;Littleleaf Common Jasminorange. Used part: leaf and branchlet. TCMEffects: See Murraya paniculata. TCM Indications: See Murrayapaniculata. Isolated compounds: 11520, 11549, 11550, 13397, 13398,13399, 13780, 13781, 13923, 13958, 13996, 14824, 14874, 15100,15106, 15111, 15112, 16969, 16975.T4326 Murraya paniculata var. omphalocarpa (Rutaceae); QI GUO QIAN LIXIANG; Omphalo-fruit Jasminorange*. Isolated compounds: 14825,16096.T4327 Murraya siamensis (Rutaceae); YUAN DONG JIU LI XIANG;Siamense Common Jasminorange. Isolated compounds: 3937, 5796,8324, 8456, 10126, 13846, 15114, 15115, 15116, 15118.T4328 Murraya spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 17051.T4329 Musa acuminata (Musaceae); XIAO GUO YE JIAO; AcuminateBanana. Isolated compounds: 6823, 6866, 6924, 8099, 17897, 21837.T4330 Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae); FEN BA JIAO; Plantain Banana.Isolated compounds: 19198.T4331 Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum [Syn. Musa sapientum] (Musaceae);XIANG JIAO; Common Banana. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: Toclear heat, moisten lung, lubricate intestines, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, lung heat drycough, constipation, hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 653, 6559,9568, 15708, 19760.

505Musa sapientum = Musa paradisiaca var. sapientumT4332 Musa x paradisiaca cultivar (Musaceae); FEN BA JIAO ZA JIAOZHONG ZHI BIAN ZHONG; Plantain Banana Cultivariaty*.Isolated compounds: 1393, 1434, 1435, 2468.T4333 Muscari paradoxum (Liliaceae); QI YI PU TAO FENG XIN ZI;Paradoxy Grape-hyacinth*. Isolated compounds: 1507, 1508, 7130,7131, 7132, 7138, 7139, 7140, 12481, 13058, 13059, 13060, 19521,19522, 19523.T4334 Mussaenda hirsutissim (Rubiaceae); YU YE JIN HUA; Mussaenda*.Isolated compounds: 3432.T4335 Mussaenda pubescens (Rubiaceae); SHAN GAN CAO; Buddha’sLamp. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, clearsummerheat, disinhibit damp, resolve toxin, quicken blood. TCMIndications: Common cold, summerheat stroke, fever, cough, swellingpain in throat, summerheat-damp diarrhea, dysentery, swelling and pusof sores, knocks and falls, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1736,20369.T4336 Mycena dendrobii (Tricholomataceae); SHI HU XIAO GU; DendrobMycena. Isolated compounds: 7093.T4337 Mycobacterium phlei. Isolated compounds: 17263.T4338 Mylabris phalerata; Mylabris cichorii (Meloidae); BAN MAO; BlisterBeetle. Used part: dried body. TCM Effects: To break blood anddisperse concretion, attack toxin and cure sores. TCM Indications:Concretion and conglomeration, intractable lichen, scrofula, wart,non-opened welling abscess and flat abscess, malign sore. Isolatedcompounds: 1050, 1051, 3094, 6341.T4339 Mylia nuda (Jungermanniaceae); LUO XIAO E TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 1755, 1756, 1757, 6840, 9039, 9040, 15143, 15144,20886, 20887, 20888, 20889, 20890.T4340 Mylia taylorii (Jungermanniaceae); XIAO E TAI. Isolated compounds:1755, 1756, 1757, 6840, 9039, 9040, 15143, 15144, 20886, 20887,20888, 20889, 20890.T4341 Myoporum sp. (Myoporaceae). Isolated compounds: 11143.T4342 Myrica arborea (Myricaceae); QIAO MU ZHUANG YANG MEI;Arboreous Bayberry*. Isolated compounds: 15167, 22837.T4343 Myrica esculent (Myricaceae); MAO YANG MEI; Hairy Bayberry.Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To astringe intestines and checkdiarrhea, stanch bleeding, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Diarrhea,dysentery, flooding and spotting, stomachache. Isolated compounds:6923.T4344 Myrica gale (Myricaceae); XIANG YANG MEI; Bog-myrtle. Isolatedcompounds: 11966, 15187.T4345 Myrica multiflora (Myricaceae); DUO HUA YANG MEI; ManyflowerBayberry*. Isolated compounds: 15147, 15148, 15149, 15150, 15151.T4346 Myrica nagi [Syn. Podocarpus nagi] (Podocarpaceae); ZHU BAI;Nagai Podocarpus. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To stanch bleedingand joint bones. TCM Indications: Bleeding due to external injury,fracture. Isolated compounds: 6853, 15170, 15229, 15230, 15231,15232, 22615.T4347 Myrica nagi [Syn. Podocarpus nagi] (Podocarpaceae); ZHU BAI GEN;Nagai Podocarpus Root. Used part: root or bark. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain. Isolated compounds: 15235, 15236, 15237, 21474.T4348 Myrica rubra (Myricaceae); YANG MEI; Chinese Waxmyrtle. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To engender liquid and allay thirst,harmonize stomach and disperse food. TCM Indications: Vexation andthirst, vomiting and diarrhea, dysentery, abdominal pain. Isolatedcompounds: 1110, 1113, 11085, 13098, 15170, 15184.T4349 Myrica rubra (Myricaceae); YANG MEI SHU PI; Chinese WaxmyrtleBark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and dissipate stasis,eliminate damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Dysentery, knocks andfalls, eye screen, toothache, burns and scalds, malign scab and lai sore.Isolated compounds: 530, 984, 3084, 6059, 6251, 6921, 8095, 10129,15154, 15155, 15156, 15157, 15158, 15159, 15160, 15161, 15162,15163, 15164, 15165, 15166, 15168, 15170, 15184, 17900, 18411,18413, 18818, 19983, 20711, 22270, 22272.T4350 Myriopteron extensum (Asclepiadaceae); CHI GUO TENG; ExtensedWingfruitvine. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To boost lung andrelieve cough. TCM Indications: Phthisis, cough. Isolated compounds:7698, 7699.T4351 Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae); ROU DOU KOU; CommonNutmeg. Used part: kernel. TCM Effects: To warm center and move qi,astringe intestines and check diarrhea. TCM Indications:Spleen-stomach vacuity cold, incessant chronic diarrhea, distendingpain in stomach duct, reduced food intake with vomiting. Isolatedcompounds: 2559, 7521, 7523, 7933, 11408, 11421, 12749, 12750,14531, 15203, 15204, 17376, 17453, 19121, 21980.T4352 Myristica malabarica (Myristicaceae); MENG MAI ROU DOU KOU;Bombay Nutmeg*. Isolated compounds: 2384, 5822, 6243, 10447,18001.T4353 Myristica otoba (Myristicaceae); AO TUO ROU DOU KOU; OtobaNutmeg*. Isolated compounds: 16267.T4354 Myristica simiarum (Myristicaceae); FEI LV BIN ROU DOU KOU;Antao Nutmeg. Isolated compounds: 16267.Myristica surinamensis = Virola surinamensisT4355 Myrothecium roridum. Isolated compounds: 21559.T4356 Myrothecium sp. Isolated compounds: 4520, 15206, 15207, 16897,21558.T4357 Myrothecium verrucaria. Isolated compounds: 22420.T4358 Myroxylon pereirae (Fabaceae); BI LU XIANG JIAO; Peru BalmtreeResin. Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and dispelphlegm, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Scab sore,copper coin lichen. Isolated compounds: 2280, 2282, 3695, 15500,15500.T4359 Myroxylon spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004, 12908.T4360 Myrrhis odorata (Apiaceae); OU ZHOU MO YAO; Sweet Cicely.Isolated compounds: 17028.T4361 Myrsine africana (Myrsinaceae); TIE ZI; African Myrsine. Used part:root or herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relieve pain, clear heatand disinhibit damp, promote contraction and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, toothache, diarrhea,dysentery, flooding, hematochezia, tuberculosis and hemoptysis.Isolated compounds: 6767, 6776, 14140, 14809, 15782, 17858, 18410.T4362 Myrsine capitellata (Myrsinaceae); XIAO TOU TIE ZI; CapitellateMyrsine*. Isolated compounds: 6767.T4363 Myrsine seguinii (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 15210, 15211,

50615212, 15213, 15214, 19670, 19671, 19672, 19673, 19674.T4364 Myrsine semiserrata (Myrsinaceae); CHI YE TIE ZI; Serrate-leafMyrsine. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To expel worms. TCMIndications: Taeniasis. Isolated compounds: 6767.T4365 Myrsine sp. (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 18546.Myrtus cumini = Eugenia jambolanaNT4366 Naematoloma fasciculare (Strophariaceae); CU SHENG HUANGREN SAN; Sulfur Tuft. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects:Anticarcinoma. Isolated compounds: 7737, 7738.T4367 Naematoloma sublateritium (Strophariaceae); ZHUAN HONG RENSAN; Brick Tops. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: Anticarcinoma.Isolated compounds: 20441, 20442, 20443.T4368 Nandina domestica (Berberidaceae); NAN TIAN ZHU GEN; CommonNandina Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat, relievecough, eliminate damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, damp-heat jaundice, diarrhea, wind-damp impediment pain,sore, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 6552, 14332, 15243, 15245.T4369 Nandina domestica (Berberidaceae); NAN TIAN ZHU GENG;Common Nandina Stem. Used part: branchlet. TCM Effects: To cleardamp heat, downbear counterflow qi. TCM Indications: Damp-heatjaundice, diarrhea, heat strangury, red eyes with gall, cough andasthma, ge syndrome. Isolated compounds: 6552, 14332, 15243,15779, 21252.T4370 Nandina domestica (Berberidaceae); NAN TIAN ZHU YE; CommonNandina Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, drain fire, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, pertussis, heat strangury, hematuria, red eyes with gall, soreand welling abscess, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 6835, 15244,15247, 15248.T4371 Nandina domestica (Berberidaceae); NAN TIAN ZHU ZI; CommonNandina Fruit. Used part: ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To constrain lungand relieve cough, calm asthma. TCM Indications: Enduring cough,asthma, pertussis. Isolated compounds: 2978, 6552, 8756, 11344,13716, 14332, 15245, 15779, 17983.T4372 Nannoglottis ravida (Asteraceae); QIAN HUI MAO GUAN JU;Greyish Nannoglottis*. Isolated compounds: 18559, 18560.T4373 Narcissus angustifolius (Amaryllidaceae); WU KE LAN XIA YESHUI XIAN; Ukrainian Narrowleaf Narcissus*. Isolated compounds:15246.T4374 Narcissus bujei (Amaryllidaceae); YI BI LI YA SHUI XIAN; IberianNarcissus*. Isolated compounds: 406, 2733.T4375 Narcissus leonensis (Amaryllidaceae); SAI LA LI ANG SHUI XIAN.Isolated compounds: 15750.T4376 Narcissus nivalis (Amaryllidaceae); XUE SHENG SHUI XIAN.Isolated compounds: 15750.T4377 Narcissus papyraceus (Amaryllidaceae); BAI SHUI XIAN;Paper-white Narcissus. Isolated compounds: 8083, 13236.T4378 Narcissus poeticus (Amaryllidaceae); HONG KOU SHUI XIAN; PoetsNarcissus. Isolated compounds: 9612, 17479.T4379 Narcissus pseudonarcissus (Amaryllidaceae); HUANG SHUI XIAN;Daffodil. Isolated compounds: 13239.T4380 Narcissus pseudonarcissus ssp. pseudonarcissus (Amaryllidaceae); JIASHUI XIAN; False Narcissus*. Isolated compounds: 15750.T4381 Narcissus sp. (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 3693, 7821.T4382 Narcissus spp. (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 17573.T4383 Narcissus tazetta (Amaryllidaceae); DUO HUA SHUI XIAN;Polyanthus Narcissus. Isolated compounds: 17850, 20891.T4384 Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis (Amaryllidaceae); SHUI XIAN GEN;Chinese Narcissus Bulb. Used part: bulb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, insect bites,fish bone stuck in throat. Isolated compounds: 8083, 13236, 13241,16634, 17850, 18050, 20891.T4385 Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis (Amaryllidaceae); SHUI XIAN HUA;Chinese Narcissus Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clearheart and quiet spirit, rectify qi and regulate menstruation, resolvetoxin and repel foulness. TCM Indications: Fatigued spirit anddizziness, menstrual disorder, dysentery, swelling of sores. Isolatedcompounds: 2222, 2273, 3696, 3768, 7521, 11025, 13241, 15265,17111, 17132, 18050.T4386 Nardostachys chinensis (Valerianaceae); GAN SONG; ChineseNardostachys. Equivalent plant: Nardostachys jatamansi. Used part:root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and relieve pain,harmonize stomach and arouse spleen. TCM Indications: Stomachache,distention fullness in chest and abdomen, headache, hysteria, beriberi.Isolated compounds: 1191, 1701, 1704, 1706, 1707, 2943, 2944, 3194,4815, 7514, 9483, 11553, 11754, 11834, 11835, 12132, 12133, 12134,12135, 12136, 15264, 15269, 15270, 15271, 15272, 15273, 15274,15275, 15276, 15277, 16213, 16707, 16711, 21048, 22313.T4387 Nardostachys jatamansi (Valerianaceae); SHI YE GAN SONG;Spoonleaf Nardostachys. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects:See Nardostachys chinensis. TCM Indications: See Nardostachyschinensis. Isolated compounds: 11833, 11834, 11835, 13283, 16707,16711, 19792, 19793.T4388 Nasturtium officinale (Brassicaceae); DOU BAN CAI; Watercress.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear lung, cool blood,resolve toxin, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Lung heat dry cough,scurvy, infection of urinary system, painful swelling from clove sore,itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 8599, 14760, 14761, 17131.T4389 Nauclea diderrichii (Rubiaceae); DI SHI WU TAN; DiderrichiFatheadtree*. Isolated compounds: 3157, 3158, 5272, 5273, 15297,15300, 15301, 15309, 15314.T4390 Nauclea latifolia (Rubiaceae); KUAN YE WU TAN; BroadleafFatheadtree*. Isolated compounds: 3184, 4840, 5540, 5541, 5542,6973, 9788, 10733, 13874, 13876, 15292, 15293, 15294, 15295,15296, 15297, 15305, 15313, 15315, 15316, 20390.T4391 Nauclea officinalis (Rubiaceae); DAN MU; Medicinal Fatheadtree.Used part: Branch and bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Acutetonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis, mastitis, enteritis, bacillary dysentery,urinary tract infection, cholecystitis, ulcer of lower limb, infection dueto foot lichen, swollen boil with pus and ulcer, dermatitis, eczema.Isolated compounds: 15298, 15299, 15302, 15303, 15304, 15306,15307, 22493.

507T4392 Nauclea orientalis (Rubiaceae); DONG FANG WU TAN; OrientalFatheadtree*. Isolated compounds: 515, 3186, 10733, 15290, 15291,15310, 15311, 18199, 19983, 19987, 20390, 21923, 22496.Nauclea pilosa = Uncaria scandensT4393 Nauclea pobequinii (Rubiaceae); BO SHI WU TAN; pobequiniFatheadtree*. Isolated compounds: 15308, 15312.Nauclea rhynchophylla = Uncaria rhynchophyllaNauclea sessilifolia = Neonauclea sessilifoliaNauclea sessilifructus = Uncaria sessilifructusT4394 Navicula delognei f. elliptica (Naviculaceae); TUO YUAN ZHOUXING ZAO; Ellipse Navicula*. Isolated compounds: 17272.T4395 Necturus maculosus (Salamandridae); BAN YUAN; Mudpuppy.Isolated compounds: 19223.T4396 Nelumbo lutea (Nymphaeaceae); JIN HUANG LIAN; American Lotus.Isolated compounds: 15781.T4397 Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae); HE GENG; Hindu Lotus Petiole.Used part: dried petiole and pedicel. TCM Effects: To dispelsummerheat, rectify qi and transform damp. TCM Indications:Summerheat-damp and oppression in chest, diarrhea, dysentery,strangury, Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 14148, 18896.T4398 Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae); HE YE; Hindu Lotus Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve summerheat, upbearyang, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Summerheat-heat vexation and thirst, summerheat-damp diarrhea,spleen vacuity diarrhea, blood heat, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, hematochezia, flooding and spotting. Isolatedcompounds: 1348, 1738, 8600, 10887, 11642, 12915, 12917, 14148,14247, 15325, 15664, 15713, 15781, 15856, 17909, 18896.T4399 Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae); HE YE DI; Hindu LotusLeaf-base. Used part: leaf-base. TCM Effects: To clear summerheatand eliminate damp, dispel stasis and stanch bleeding, quiet fetus.TCM Indications: Summerheat-damp diarrhea, blood dysentery,flooding and spotting, stirring fetus in pregnancy. Isolated compounds:14148, 15856, 18896.T4400 Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae); LIAN ZI; Hindu Lotus Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To supplement spleen and checkdiarrhea, boost kidney and secure essence, nourish heart and quietspirit. TCM Indications: Chronic diarrhea, inappetence, emission,restlessness, fright palpitation, insomnia, flooding and spotting,excessive leukorrhea. Isolated compounds: 1348, 1738, 3318, 5067,12798, 12917, 15713, 15781, 15856, 17909.T4401 Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae); LIAN ZI XIN; Hindu LotusPlumule. Used part: dried plumule and radicle in seed. TCM Effects:To clear heart fire, clear liver fire, stanch bleeding, secure essence.TCM Indications: Heat entering pericardium, clouded spirit withdelirious speech, non-interaction of heart and kidney, insomnia andemission, blood ejection due to blood heat, hypertension. Isolatedcompounds: 8120, 11491, 12798, 13010, 14252, 14253, 14593, 15321,15856, 17909.T4402 Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae); OU; Hindu Lotus Large Rhizome.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and engender liquid,cool blood, stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, precipitate blood. Isolated compounds: 11716,12714.T4403 Nemacystus decipiens [Syn. Mesogloea decipiens; Cladosiphondecipiens] (Spermatochnaceae); HAI YUN. Used part: frond. TCMEffects: To soften hardness and dissipate binds, disperse phlegm anddisinhibit water. TCM Indications: Goiter and carcinoma of neck,thyroid enlargement, laryngitis, bronchitis. Isolated compounds: 16656,22973.T4404 Neoboutonia glabrescens (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 8492,15346, 15398, 15399.T4405 Neolitsea pulchella (Lauraceae); MEI LI XIN MU JIANG ZI;Beautiful Newlitse. Isolated compounds: 15431.T4406 Neolitsea sericea (Lauraceae); ZHOU SHAN XIN MU JIANG ZI;Sericeous Newlitse. Isolated compounds: 2538.T4407 Neolloydia texensis. Isolated compounds: 15930.T4408 Neonauclea sessilifolia [Syn. Nauclea sessilifolia; Adina sessilifolia](Rubiaceae); WU BING XIN WU TAN; Sessile Neonauclea. Isolatedcompounds: 8714, 18732.T4409 Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Scrophulariaceae). Isolatedcompounds: 19569, 19570.T4410 Neorautanenia edulis. Isolated compounds: 10059, 16499.T4411 Neorautanenia pseudopachyrhiza. Isolated compounds: 16499.T4412 Nepenthes sp. (Nepenthaceae). Isolated compounds: 9568.T4413 Nepeta cataria (Lamiaceae); JIA JING JIE; Catnip. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To course wind and clear heat, quicken blood andstanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Externally contracted wind-heat,headache and sore pharynx, non-eruption of measles, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, bleeding due to external injury, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 3241, 3242, 5680, 7521, 11378, 11562, 15484, 15485,15486, 15487, 15488.T4414 Nepeta ciliaris (Lamiaceae); YUAN MAO JING JIE; Ciliate Catnip.Isolated compounds: 17402.T4415 Nepeta hindostana (Lamiaceae); YIN DU JIA JING JIE; IndianCatnip*. Isolated compounds: 7556, 9564.T4416 Nepeta leucophylla (Lamiaceae); BAI YE JING JIE; Whiteleaf Nepeta.Isolated compounds: 3464.Nepeta tenuifolia = Schizonepeta tenuifoliaT4417 Nephthea chabroli ; Softcoral Nephthea chabroli. Isolated compounds:14114, 14226, 14227, 14228, 14234, 14300, 14643.T4418 Nerium indicum (Apocynaceae); JIA ZHU TAO; SweetscentedOleander. Used part: leaf or bark. TCM Effects: To strengthen heartand disinhibit urine, dispel phlegm and settle asthma, settle pain,dispel stasis. TCM Indications: Congestive cardiac failure, cough andasthma, epilepsy, painful swelling from knocks and falls, amenorrheadue to blood stasis. Isolated compounds: 400, 655, 4615, 4758, 8460,15491, 16005, 16006, 16007, 16008, 16009, 20406.T4419 Nerium odorum (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 15492, 15493.T4420 Nerium oleander (Apocynaceae); OU ZHOU JIA ZHU TAO; CommonOleander. Isolated compounds: 655, 15491, 15497, 16031.T4421 Neurospora spp. Isolated compounds: 17264.T4422 Newbouldia laevis (Bignioniaceae); FEI ZHOU ZI WEI; AfricaTrumpetcreeper*. Isolated compounds: 12501, 14429, 14430, 14431,

50815518, 15519.T4423 Nicandra physaloides (Solanaceae); JIA SUAN JIANG; Apple of Peru.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dispel phlegm, calm. TCM Indications: Rabid dog bite, mental disease,epilepsy, wind-damp pain, sore and boil, common cold. Isolatedcompounds: 10835, 15521, 15522, 20369, 22051, 22701.T4424 Nicotiana acuminata (Solanaceae); JIAN XING YAN CAO;Acuminate Tobacco*. Isolated compounds: 1124.T4425 Nicotiana glutinosa (Solanaceae); JIAO YAN CAO; Slimy Tobacco*.Isolated compounds: 8794.T4426 Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (Solanaceae); HUI YE YAN CAO;Leadwordleaf Tobacco. Isolated compounds: 20064, 20065.T4427 Nicotiana rustica (Solanaceae); HUANG HUA YAN CAO; AztecTobacco. Isolated compounds: 15527.T4428 Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae); YAN CAO; Common Tobacco. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain, resolve toxin andkill worms. TCM Indications: Food stagnation, qi bind pain, wellingabscess and flat abscess, clove sore, scab and lichen, snake bite, dogbite. Isolated compounds: 116, 1124, 1125, 1140, 3145, 4473, 4816,4963, 6643, 6644, 11754, 15527, 16884, 18849, 19105, 19545, 20070,20146, 21612, 22058.T4429 Nierembergia hippomanica (Solanaceae); MA ZHUANG SAI YA MA;Hippomane Cupflower*. Isolated compounds: 16122.T4430 Nigella arvensis (Ranunculaceae); YE HEI ZHONG CAO;Devil-in-a-bush. Isolated compounds: 4614.T4431 Nigella damascena (Ranunculaceae); HEI ZHONG CAO; Jackinprison.Isolated compounds: 4614.T4432 Nigella glandulifera (Ranunculaceae); XIAN MAO HEI ZHONGCAO; Glandular Fennelflower. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and free menstruation, disinhibit urine and removestone, supplement kidney and fortify brain. TCM Indications:Menstrual disorder , menstrual block, scant breast milk, edema,urethral stone, dizziness and tinnitus, premature graying in beard andhair, cough and asthma, scab sore, white patch wind. Isolatedcompounds: 8043, 15562, 15567.T4433 Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae); ZAI PEI HEI ZHONG CAO;Cultivated Fennelflower*. Isolated compounds: 15563, 15564, 15565,15566, 15568, 15569.T4434 Niphogeton ternata (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 196, 3556, 3560,3561, 3856, 5658, 7707, 7709, 11001, 11462, 11578, 11601, 11834,16458, 16488, 16597, 19430, 22774.T4435 Nitraria schoberi (Zygophyllaceae); DONG QIANG; Whitethorn*.Isolated compounds: 15317.T4436 Nitraria tangutorum (Zygophyllaceae); BAI CI; Nitraria*. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and assisting movement, promotelactation, quiet spirit. TCM Indications: Reduced food intake due tospleen vacuity, indigestion, scant breast milk, neurasthenia. Isolatedcompounds: 22492.T4437 Nolina recurvata (Agavaceae); XIA WAN NUO LIN; RecurvateNolina*. Isolated compounds: 15455, 15456.T4438 Nostoc flagelliforme (Nostocaceae); FA CAI; Hair Vegetable*. Usedpart: frond. TCM Effects: To supplement blood, disinhibit urine, lowerblood pressure, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications:Blood vacuity of women, hypertension, cough with profuse phlegm.Isolated compounds: 15227.T4439 Nothapodytes pittosporoides MA BI MU; PittosporumlikeNothapodytes. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispel windand disinhibit damp, rectify qi and dissipate cold. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, edema, mounting qi (hernia). Isolatedcompounds: 3053.T4440 Nothofagus sp. (Fagaceae). Isolated compounds: 17420.T4441 Notholaena sp. (Sinopteridaceae). Isolated compounds: 5969.T4442 Notholaena spp. (Sinopteridaceae). Isolated compounds: 17617.Notholirion bulbuliferum = Notholirion hyacinthinumT4443 Notholirion hyacinthinum [Syn. Notholirion bulbuliferum] (Liliaceae);JIA BAI HE; Hyacinth Falselily. Used part: small bulb. TCM Effects:To rectify qi and harmonize stomach, dispel wind and relieve cough.TCM Indications: Distending pain in stomach duct and abdomen,vomiting, wind-cold cough. Isolated compounds: 2907, 4135, 7424,7768, 14254, 14499, 20059.T4444 Nothopanax davidii (Araliaceae); YI YE LIANG WANG CHA; DavidFalsepanax. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate stasis, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, taxation damage and lumbago, knocksand falls, fracture, menstrual disorder. Isolated compounds: 533,22915, 22916, 22917, 22918, 22919.T4445 Notopterygium forbesii [Syn. Notopterygium franchetii] (Apiaceae);KUAN YE QIANG HUO; Forbes Notopterygium. Used part: rhizomeor root. TCM Effects: See Notopterygium incisum. TCM Indications:See Notopterygium incisum. Isolated compounds: 2308, 3045, 3195,3237, 3936, 4550, 5080, 9407, 9512, 11462, 12843, 15146, 15645,15647, 15843, 15973, 17055, 17376, 17377, 19099, 19687, 20990,20992, 20995.Notopterygium franchetii = Notopterygium forbesiiT4446 Notopterygium incisum (Apiaceae); QIANG HUO; IncisedNotopterygium. Equivalent plant: Notopterygium forbesii. Used part:rhizome or root. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and resolve exterior,dispel wind and eliminate damp, disinhibit joints, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Externally contracted wind-cold, headache withoutsweating, wind-cold-damp impediment, edema, toxin swelling of sores.Isolated compounds: 336, 934, 1048, 1278, 1279, 1520, 1598, 2310,2545, 3936, 5080, 6537, 6725, 7466, 7708, 7768, 9044, 9486, 11462,12800, 12843, 12891, 13571, 14335, 14336, 14485, 14486, 14610,14629, 14742, 14744, 15203, 15645, 15647, 15843, 15844, 15845,15926, 15927, 16066, 16257, 16823, 17077, 17376, 17377, 18739,19983, 20280, 20446, 20990, 20992, 20998, 21349, 21595, 21976,22332, 22775.T4447 Notoseris rhombiformis (Asteraceae); LING YE ZI JU; RhombicleafPurpledaisy. Isolated compounds: 15846.T4448 Nuphar japonicum (Nymphaeaceae); RI BEN PING PENG CAO;Japanese Cowlily*. Isolated compounds: 5199, 15868, 15869, 15870,16836.T4449 Nuphar luteum (Nymphaeaceae); OU ZHOU PING PENG CAO;European Cowlily. Isolated compounds: 5199, 21333.T4450 Nuphar pumilum (Nymphaeaceae); PING PENG CAO; Cowlily. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and boost lung, quicken

509blood and regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Reduced foodintake due to spleen vacuity, yin vacuity cough, night sweating, bloodstasis and dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorder, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 15868, 15871, 15872.T4451 Nuphar variegatum (Nymphaeaceae); BAN YE PING PENG CAO;Variegated Cowlily. Isolated compounds: 15869, 15870, 21052.T4452 Nuxia sphaerocephala (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 56, 266,2914, 2916, 2917, 4181, 6464, 9925, 9926, 10024, 10304, 10305,10340, 10561, 16050, 16373, 16374, 19987, 20899.T4453 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Oleaceae); YE HUA; Nightjasmine. Usedpart: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp.Isolated compounds: 4249.T4454 Nymphaea caerulea (Nymphaeaceae); LAN SHUI LIAN; BlueWaterlily. Isolated compounds: 491, 5023, 5024, 15173.T4455 Nymphaea lotus (Nymphaeaceae); CHI YE SHUI LIAN; White Lotus,Egyptian Lotus. Isolated compounds: 15174, 15877, 15878.T4456 Nymphoides peltatum (Gentianaceae); XING CAI; ShieldFloatingheart. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweatand outthrust papules, disinhibit urine and free strangury, clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Non-eruption of measles, edema,inhibited urination, heat strangury, toxin swelling of sores, poisonoussnake bite. Isolated compounds: 18327.T4457 Nyssa sinensis (Nyssaceae); ZI SHU; Chinese Tupelo. Used part: root.TCM Effects: Anticarcinoma. Isolated compounds: 15880.T4458 Nyssa sylvatica (Nyssaceae); DUO HUA LAN GUO SHU;Manyflower Tupelo*. Isolated compounds: 2922.OT4459 Occurs in many fungi. Isolated compounds: 21467.T4460 Occurs in many human foods. Isolated compounds: 22779.T4461 Occurs in many plants. Isolated compounds: 530, 580, 663, 1048, 1110,1113, 1476, 1935, 2309, 2550, 2887, 3004, 3040, 3045, 3241, 3242,3308, 3498, 3551, 3615, 3695, 4135, 4550, 4680, 5763, 6757, 6776,6853, 7250, 7521, 7523, 7768, 7788, 7883, 7951, 7996, 8095, 9234,9486, 9646, 9669, 9818, 10870, 10887, 11031, 11085, 11642, 12018,12020, 12843, 12891, 12893, 12917, 13098, 13126, 13137, 13374,14889, 15203, 15279, 16050, 16439, 16555, 16901, 17376, 17869,17876, 17893, 17905, 18317, 18411, 18643, 18860, 19087, 19540,19542, 19777, 19912, 19983, 19987, 19993, 20030, 20168, 20280,20369, 20444, 20446, 20566, 20995, 21415, 22169, 22172, 22195,22253, 22270, 22336, 22581.T4462 Occurs in wood. Isolated compounds: 10453.T4463 Ochna afzelii (Ochnaceae). Isolated compounds: 681, 682, 683, 2984,2985, 5662, 11512, 13000.T4464 Ochna calodendron (Ochnaceae); KA MAI LONG JIN LIAN MU;Cameroon Ochna*. Isolated compounds: 2986, 2987.T4465 Ochna integerrima (Ochnaceae); JIN LIAN MU; Entire Ochna.Isolated compounds: 5683, 5684, 6311.T4466 Ochna macrocalyx (Ochnaceae); CHANG E JIN LIAN MU PI;Macrocalyx Ochna Bark*. Isolated compounds: 2985, 4045, 4985,5551, 9518, 15916.T4467 Ochromonas malhamensis; Protozoon Ochromonas malhamensis.Isolated compounds: 17729.T4468 Ochrosia confusa (Apocynaceae); YI SI MEI GUI SHU; ConfusableOchrosia. Isolated compounds: 15924.T4469 Ochrosia elliptica (Apocynaceae); GU CHENG MEI GUI SHU;Elliptical Ochrosia. Isolated compounds: 6759.T4470 Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae); LUO LE; Basil. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To course wind and resolve exterior, transformdamp and harmonize center, move qi and quicken blood, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold with headache,fever and cough, summerheat stroke, non-digestion of foodaccumulation, no thought of food and drink, distention fullness andpain in stomach duct and abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, wind-dampimpediment pain, emission, menstrual disorder, toothache, bad breath,damp-sore of skin, dormant papules with pruritus, knocks and falls,snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 1186, 2357, 3194, 7481,7521, 7523, 8011, 11642, 13883, 14245, 19121.T4471 Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae); LUO LE ZI; Basil Fruit. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat, brighten eyes, eliminate screens.TCM Indications: Red eyes and profuse eye discharge, ingrowneyelash, eye screen, galloping gan of teeth and gum. Isolatedcompounds: 8078, 13509, 17514.T4472 Ocimum canum (Lamiaceae); ZHANG NAO LUO LE; Grey Basil.Isolated compounds: 13264.T4473 Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae); DING XIANG LUO LE;Sweetscented Basil. Isolated compounds: 16928.T4474 Ocimum kilimandscharicum (Lamiaceae); FEI ZHOU LUO LE;African Basil*. Isolated compounds: 20998.T4475 Ocimum selloi (Lamiaceae); SAI LE LUO LE; Sello Basil*. Isolatedcompounds: 1290.T4476 Ocimum sp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 7521.T4477 Ocotea bullata (Lauraceae); NAN FEI ZHANG GUI. Isolatedcompounds: 11572, 15928, 19871.T4478 Octopus vulgaris (Octopodidae); ZHANG YU; Common AtlanticOctopus. Used part: meat. TCM Effects: To nourish blood and freemilk, resolve toxin, engender flesh. TCM Indications: Anemia andamenorrhea, postpartum scant milk, enduring sores. Isolatedcompounds: 20155.T4479 Odontites serotina (Scrophulariaceae); CHI YE CAO; LateripeningBartsia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drydamp, cool blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Febrileinfectious diseases, depressed liver-gallbladder heat, pain of bloodstasis. Isolated compounds: 2004, 15989.T4480 Oenanthe crocata (Apiaceae); ZANG HONG HUA SE SHUI QIN;Hemlock Waterdropwort. Isolated compounds: 9363.T4481 Oenanthe javanica (Apiaceae); QIN HUA; Javan WaterdropwortFlower. Used part: flower. TCM Indications: Spill pulse. Isolatedcompounds: 16990.T4482 Oenanthe javanica (Apiaceae); SHUI QIN; Javan Waterdropwort.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit water. TCMIndications: Fulminant fever with vexation and thirst, jaundice, edema,strangury, vaginal discharge, scrofula, epidemic parotitis. Isolatedcompounds: 2448, 2793, 5502, 11648, 20998.T4483 Oenothera tetraptera (Onagraceae); SI CHI YUE JIAN CAO;Fourwing Eveningprimrose*. Isolated compounds: 16012.

510T4484 Olax sp. (Olacaceae). Isolated compounds: 16025.Oldenlandia chrysotricha = Hedyotis chrysotrichaOldenlandia corymbosa = Hedyotis corymbosaT4485 Oldenlandia diffusa [Syn. Hedyotis diffusa] (Rubiaceae); BAI HUASHE SHE CAO; Spreading Hedyitis. Equivalent plant: Hedyotiscorymbosa. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough asthma, swelling pain in throat, intestinal welling abscess,swelling of sores and boils, poisonous snake bite, heat strangury withinhibited pain, edema, dysentery, enteritis, damp-heat jaundice,carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 1894, 4185, 4186, 12046, 13894,13895, 16050, 16587, 18354, 18355, 18362, 18396, 20369, 22270.T4486 Olea africana (Oleaceae); FEI ZHOU GAN LAN; African Olive*.Isolated compounds: 16088.T4487 Olea europaea (Oleaceae); YOU GAN LAN; Common Olive. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To moisten intestines and free stool, resolvetoxin and close sores, lower blood pressure, lower blood-fat. TCMIndications: Intestinal dry and constipation, burns and scalds, coronaryheart disease. Isolated compounds: 3686, 6747, 12488, 13581, 14163,16050, 16080, 16088, 21413.T4488 Oleandra wallichii (Oleandraceae); GAO SHAN TIAO JUE; AlpineOleandra. Isolated compounds: 630, 9642, 15405.T4489 Ongokea gore (Olacaceae); EN GE MU. Isolated compounds: 6271,10554, 10555, 16097.T4490 Onobrychis spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 12908.T4491 Onobrychis viciifolia (Fabaceae); LV DOU; Common Sainfoin.Isolated compounds: 3603, 3608, 3846, 4138, 4182, 4183, 8686,11504, 11669, 13479, 14257, 14258, 15185, 18391, 19168, 22438.T4492 Onoclea sensibilis (Aspidiaceae); BEI MEI QIU ZI JUE; Bead Fern,Sensitive Fern. Isolated compounds: 18162.T4493 Ononis spinosa (Fabaceae); CI MANG BING HUA; Restharrow.Isolated compounds: 7883, 16117, 20901.T4494 Onopordum acanthium (Asteraceae); DA CHI JI; Scotch Cottonthistle.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding. Isolatedcompounds: 7278, 16119.T4495 Onopordum alexandrinum (Asteraceae); AI JI DA CHI JI; EgyptianCottonthistle*. Isolated compounds: 16119.T4496 Onopordum algeriense (Asteraceae); A ER JI ER DA CHI JI; AlgerianCottonthistle*. Isolated compounds: 16119.T4497 Onopordum illyricum (Asteraceae); YI LI LI YA DA CHI JI; IllyrianCottonthistle*. Isolated compounds: 16119.T4498 Onosma hispida (Boraginaceae); CU YING MAO DIAN ZI CAO;Hispid Onosma*. Isolated compounds: 1476, 1492, 2330, 5828, 6159,7577, 16120, 16121.T4499 Onosma hookeri (Boraginaceae); XI HUA DIAN ZI CAO; HookerOnosma. Isolated compounds: 514.T4500 Onosma paniculatum (Boraginaceae); DIAN ZI CAO; PaniculateOnosma. Used part: root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To clear heat,resolve toxin, cool blood, quicken blood. TCM Indications: Measlespapules, pneumonia, febrile diseases macular eruption, ulceratingsores, eczema, scalds. Isolated compounds: 309, 514, 6302, 6303,10266, 19819.T4501 Onychium auratum (Sinopteridaceae); Onychium auratum. Isolatedcompounds: 16098, 16697.T4502 Onychium japonicum [Syn. Tricomanes japonicum] (Sinopteridaceae);XIAO YE JI WEI; Japanese Clave Fern. Used part: whole herb or leaf.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, cough, sorepharynx, diarrhea, dysentery, dribbling pain of urination, damp-heatjaundice, blood ejection, coughing of blood, hematochezia, bleedingfrom hemorrhoids, hematuria, sore toxin, knocks and falls, poisonoussnake bites, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 16122, 16123,18123, 18148.T4503 Onychium lucidum (Sinopteridaceae); LI BING JIN FEN JUE;Lucidum Onychium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, clear heat and resolve toxin, eliminateinflammation. TCM Indications: Common cold, stomachache,wind-damp pain, painful swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding dueto external injury, cassava poisoning, arsenic poisoning. Isolatedcompounds: 13047.T4504 Onychium siliculosum (Sinopteridaceae); JIN FEN JUE; SiliculoseOnychium. Isolated compounds: 16098, 16101, 16102.T4505 Ophiocephalus argus (Ophiocephalidae); WU LI; Serpent-head. Usedpart: meat or whole fish. TCM Effects: To supplement spleen andfortify stomach, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications:Edema, edema in pregnancy, damp impediment, beriberi, postpartumscant milk, habitual abortion, tuberculosis and vacuity, distentionfullness in stomach duct, intestinal wind, bleeding from hemorrhoids,scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 10660, 14490.Ophioglossum flexuosum = Lygodium flexuosumT4506 Ophioglossum vulgatum (Ophioglossaceae); PING ER XIAO CAO;Adder’s Tongue. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand cool blood, resolve toxin and settle pain. TCM Indications: Lungheat cough, pulmonary welling abscess, tuberculosis with bloodejection, infant ardent fever, red eyes with gall, stomachache, swollenwelling abscess and clove sores, painful swelling from knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 14710.T4507 Ophiopogon japonicus (Liliaceae); MAI DONG; Liriope. Equivalentplant: Liriope spicata var. prolifera. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects:To nourish yin and engender liquid, moisten lung and clear heart.TCM Indications: Angina pectoris, dry cough due to lung dryness,vacuity consumption with cough, fluid damage and thirst, insomniaand vexation, diabetes mellitus due to internal heat, intestinal dry andconstipation, diphtheria. Isolated compounds: 618, 875, 876, 2551,2552, 2554, 4189, 5856, 6440, 7788, 9071, 10033, 10213, 10509,11577, 11823, 14635, 14636, 16050, 16131, 16135, 16136, 16137,16138, 16139, 16140, 16141, 16142, 16143, 16144, 16145, 16146,16147, 16148, 16149, 16150, 16707, 19070, 19072, 19073, 20369,21720, 21722, 21800, 22252.T4508 Ophiopogon planiscapus (Liliaceae); BIAN JING YAN JIE CAO;Flatstem Lilyturf*. Isolated compounds: 19070, 19074.T4509 Ophiorrhiza hayatana (Rubiaceae); XIA YE SHE GEN CAO; HayataOphiorrhiza. Isolated compounds: 16132, 16133, 16134.T4510 Ophiorrhiza japonica (Rubiaceae); RI BEN SHE GEN CAO; JapaneseOphiorrhiza. Equivalent plant: Ophiorrhiza mungos. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and dispel phlegm, quicken

511blood and regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Cough, taxationdamage and blood ejection, hematochezia, dysmenorrhea, menstrualdisorder, pain in sinews and bones, sprain and contusion. Isolatedcompounds: 9234, 16151, 16152.T4511 Ophiorrhiza kuroiwai (Rubiaceae); HEI YAN SHE GEN CAO;Black-rock Ophiorrhiza*. Isolated compounds: 16151, 16152.T4512 Ophiorrhiza liukiuensis (Rubiaceae); LIU QIU SHE GEN CAO;Liukiu Ophiorrhiza*. Isolated compounds: 3053, 3551, 4680, 5097,5205, 5210, 7040, 8758, 9234, 10887, 12949, 12950, 13168, 13863,13864, 16151, 16152, 18199, 18918, 19542, 19983, 20390, 20503,20513, 22270.T4513 Ophiorrhiza mungos (Rubiaceae); SHE GEN CAO; CommonOphiorrhiza. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Ophiorrhizajaponica. TCM Indications: See Ophiorrhiza japonica. Isolatedcompounds: 3053, 13863, 13864.T4514 Ophiorrhiza pumila (Rubiaceae); DUAN XIAO SHE GEN CAO;Dwarf Ophiorrhiza. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, cough,swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, poisonous snakebites. Isolated compounds: 18199.T4515 Opilia celtidifolia (Opiliaceae); PU YE SHAN YOU ZI; Celtis-leafOpilia*. Isolated compounds: 18229.T4516 Oplopanax elatus (Araliaceae); DONG BEI CI REN SHEN; NortheastSpineginseng*, Tall Oplopanax. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tosupplement qi and reinforce yang, suppress cough, free networkvessels, abate fever. TCM Indications: Qi vacuity and generalweakness, fatigued spirit and lassitude, impotence, vacuity cough,wind-cold-damp impediment, diabetes mellitus, hypertension. Isolatedcompounds: 2858, 3737, 3738, 3739, 3740, 4680, 6837, 6981, 8611,9273, 18739, 20569.T4517 Oplopanax horridus (Araliaceae); MEI ZHOU CI SHEN; AmericanSpineginseng*. Isolated compounds: 15939.T4518 Oppopanax chironium (Apiaceae); AO PA CAO. Used part: stem androot. TCM Effects: To resolve spasm, dispel phlegm. [5509] TCMIndications: Spasm, abundant phlegm, menstrual disorder.Isolated compounds: 2309, 9419, 11001, 15644, 17028, 22774.[5509]T4519 Opuntia dillenii (Cactaceae); XIAN REN ZHANG; Cholla. Equivalentplant: Opuntia vulgaris. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: Tomove qi and quicken blood, cool blood and stanch bleeding, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Stomachache, lumpglomus, dysentery, throat pain, lung heat cough, tuberculosis andhemoptysis, blood ejection, bleeding from hemorrhoids, sores cloveboil, mammary welling abscess, epidemic parotitis, skin lichen, snakeor insect bites, scalds, frostbite. Isolated compounds: 5763, 7405, 7432,7768, 12052, 12062, 13479, 14711, 16157, 16158, 16159, 16160,18317, 18376, 19087, 22332.T4520 Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae); LI GUO XIAN REN ZHANG;Prickly Pear. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To clear lungand relieve cough, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Lung heat cough, tuberculosis and hemoptysis, dysentery, bleedingfrom hemorrhoids, mammary welling abscess, epidemic parotitis,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, burns and scalds, baldsores, scab and lichen, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:11018, 17479.T4521 Opuntia vulgaris (Cactaceae); LV XIAN REN ZHANG; CommonPrickly Pear. Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: See Opuntiadillenii. TCM Indications: See Opuntia dillenii. Isolated compounds:11252.T4522 Orchis sp. (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 16168.T4523 Oriciopsis glaberrima (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 16179,16180, 16181, 16182, 21763.T4524 Origanum majorana (Lamiaceae); TIAN NIU ZHI; Sweet Marjoram.Isolated compounds: 1618, 7521.T4525 Origanum syriacum (Lamiaceae); XU LI YA NIU ZHI; SyriaOriganum*. Isolated compounds: 3233, 10763, 13748, 21363, 21364.T4526 Origanum vulgare (Lamiaceae); TU XIANG RU; Common Origanum.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, rectify qi,clear summerheat, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Common coldwith fever, summerheat stroke, distention fullness in chest anddiaphragm, vomiting diarrhea with abdominal pain, jaundice, edema,vaginal discharge, child gan accumulation, measles papules, itchy skin,swelling pain of sores, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3231,8313, 15286, 21360.T4527 Orixa japonica (Rutaceae); CHOU SHAN YANG; Japanese Orixa.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve exterior, moveqi and relieve pain, dispel wind and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, cough, throat pain, toothache, stomachache,pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, dysentery, innominate toxinswelling. Isolated compounds: 442, 2309, 3236, 7703, 11001, 11234,11606, 11633, 11821, 12253, 12254, 14153, 14446, 15785, 16199,16200, 16201, 16202, 16203, 16204, 16447, 17844, 17849, 20002.T4528 Orixa sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 12254.T4529 Ormosia dasycarpa (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16207.T4530 Ormosia hosiei (Fabaceae); HONG DOU; Hosie Ormosia. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and quicken blood, clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Mounting qi, qi pain in heart andstomach, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, innominate toxin swelling,clove sore. Isolated compounds: 14749, 16206.T4531 Ormosia jamaicensis (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16207.T4532 Ormosia panamensis (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16207.T4533 Ormosia spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 16585.T4534 Ornithogalum caudatum (Liliaceae); HU YAN WAN NIAN QING;Whiplash Star-of-Bethlehem. Isolated compounds: 3328, 14437,14438, 14439.T4535 Ornithogalum saundersiae (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 3576,3577, 3580, 3581, 3582, 3583, 5899, 5900, 16265, 19408, 19409,19410, 19411, 19412, 19413.T4536 Orobanche coerulescens (Orobanchaceae); LIE DANG; SkyblueBroomrape. Used part: whole plant. TCM Effects: To supplementkidney and invigorate yang, strengthen sinews and bones, moistenintestines. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity impotence, emission,infertility due to uterus cold, rachitis in children, cold pain in lumbusand knees, weakness in sinews and bones, intestinal dry andconstipation. Isolated compounds: 580, 2859, 4225, 11195, 14261,16208.Orontium japonicum = Rohdea japonica

512T4537 Oroxylum indicum (Bignoniaceae); MU HU DIE; IndianTrumpetflower. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear lung anddisinhibit throat, course liver and harmonize stomach. TCMIndications: Lung heat cough, throat impediment, aphonia, liverstomach qi pain. Isolated compounds: 967, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2106,3600, 16215, 18001, 19582, 19587, 21212.T4538 Oroxylum indicum (Bignoniaceae); MU HU DIE SHU PI; IndianTrumpetflower Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, abate jaundice, disinhibit throat and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Infective hepatitis, swelling pain in throat. Isolatedcompounds: 2106, 16216, 19582, 19585.Orthodon chinensis = Mosla chinensisT4539 Orthodon formosanus (Lamiaceae); TAI WAN JI NING; Taiwan Mosla.Isolated compounds: 6193.T4540 Orthodon hadai (Lamiaceae); HA DA SHI JI NING; Hada Mosla*.Isolated compounds: 3231.Orthosiphon aristatus = Orthosiphon stamineusOrthosiphon grandiflorus = Orthosiphon stamineusOrthosiphon spicatus = Orthosiphon stamineusT4541 Orthosiphon stamineus [Syn. Orthosiphon aristatus; Orthosiphongrandiflorus; Orthosiphon spicatus] (Lamiaceae); XIONG RUIZHUANG ZHI GUAN CAO; Big-flowered Javatea. Isolatedcompounds: 4759, 4760, 4761, 5137, 7591, 10556, 10619, 12448,15443, 15444, 15795, 15796, 16221, 16222, 16223, 16224, 16225,16226, 16227, 16228, 16229, 16230, 16231, 16232, 16233, 16234,16235, 16236, 16237, 16238, 16239, 16240, 16241, 16242, 16243,16244, 16872, 19630, 19966, 19967, 19968, 19969, 19970, 20258,20259, 20260, 20261, 21202.T4542 Orthosiphon wulfenioides [Syn. Coleus wulfenioides] (Lamiaceae); JIJIAO SHEN; Common Javatea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and free networkvessels, kill worms and disperse accumulation. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, strangury, edema, knocks and falls,fracture, food accumulation abdominal distention, abdominal pain dueto worm accumulation. Isolated compounds: 16220.T4543 Orthosphenia mexicana. Isolated compounds: 16245.T4544 Oryza sativa (Poaceae); DAO CAO; Rice Straw. Used part: stem-leaf.TCM Effects: To loosen center, precipitate qi, disperse food, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Dysphagia-occlusion, stomach reflux, foodstagnation, abdominal pain, diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, jaundice,throat impediment, hemorrhoids, scalds. Isolated compounds: 1358,3162, 4496, 7121, 7154, 7174, 7181, 7185, 7186, 13126, 13127,15477, 16247, 16248, 17257, 17258, 17259, 17260, 17261, 22520.T4545 Oryza sativa (Poaceae); JING MI; Rice. Used part: seed. TCM Effects:To supplement qi and fortify spleen, eliminate vexation and allay thirst,check dysentery and diarrhea. TCM Indications: Spleen-stomachvacuity, reduced food intake, fatigue hypodynamia, vexation and thirst,diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 1358, 3040, 3199, 3585, 7768, 12802,13126, 15355, 15458, 15477, 19463, 20237, 20369, 22520.T4546 Oryza sativa (Poaceae); MI PI KANG; Rice Spermoderm. Used part:spermoderm. TCM Effects: To increase appetite, precipitate qi. TCMIndications: Dysphagia-occlusion, beriberi. Isolated compounds: 3041,3586, 4470, 4475, 5714, 5715, 7768, 14267, 14353, 15867, 19995,20237, 20376, 22557.T4547 Oryza sativa cv (Poaceae); HEI SE MI PI KANG; Black RiceSpermoderm*. TCM Effects: To increase appetite, precipitate qi. TCMIndications: Dysphagia-occlusion, stomach reflux, leg qi [=beriberi].Isolated compounds: 16246.T4548 Oryza sativa var. glutinosa (Poaceae); NUO DAO; Sticky Rice. Usedpart: kernel without shell. TCM Effects: To supplement center andboost qi, fortify spleen and check diarrhea, reduce urine, constrainsweat, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Diarrhea due tospleen-stamach vacuity cold, cholera with vomiting of sour matter,diabetes mellitus with profuse urination, spontaneous sweating, variola,hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 11032.T4549 Osbeckia chinensis (Melastomataceae); JIN JIN XIANG; ChineseOsbeckia. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To transformphlegm and disinhibit damp, dispel stasis and stanch bleeding, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Cough, asthma, childgan accumulation, diarrhea and dysentery, wind-damp impedimentpain, hemoptysis, spontaneous external bleeding, blood ejection,hematochezia, flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis],dysmenorrhea, menstrual block, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, toothache, prolapse of rectum, wound swelling fromknocks and falls, poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 16250.T4550 Osmanthus fragrans (Oleaceae); GUI HUA; Sweet Osmanthus. Usedpart: flower. TCM Effects: To warm lung and transform rheum,dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Phlegm-rheumcough asthma, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, intestinal windblood dysentery, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, cold mounting withabdominal pain, toothache, bad breath. Isolated compounds: 5646,12853, 15498, 15926.T4551 Osmorhiza aristata var. laxa (Apiaceae); XIANG GEN QIN; LaxleafSweetroot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and effuseexterior, relieve pain, fortify stomach, brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, vertex headache, generalized pain. Isolatedcompounds: 945, 1186, 1282, 6209.T4552 Osmunda japonica (Osmundaceae); ZI QI; Japanese Osmunda Frond.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dispel stasis and stanch bleeding, kill worms. TCM Indications:Influenza, epidemic encephalitis, parotitis, swelling toxin of wellingabscess and sore, measles papules, varicella, dysentery, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, flooding and spotting,vaginal discharge, intestinal parasitic disease. Isolated compounds:6678, 6679, 14506, 16255, 16256, 16658, 17700, 20444.T4553 Osmunda ragalis (Osmundaceae); OU ZI QI; Flowering Fern. Isolatedcompounds: 16256.T4554 Ostodes paniculata (Euphorbiaceae); YUAN ZHUI HUA YE LUNMU; Paniculate Ostodes*. Isolated compounds: 16262.T4555 Ostrea rivularis; Ostrea talienwhanensis; Ostrea gigas (Ostreidae);MU LI ROU; Oyster Meat. Used part: meat. TCM Effects: To nourishblood and quiet spirit, soften hardness and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Heat vexation and insomnia, disquieted heart spirit,scrofula. Isolated compounds: 8785, 14665, 14666.T4556 Osyris tenuifolia (Santalaceae); XIAO HUA SHA ZHEN; East AfricanSandalwood. Isolated compounds: 2409, 12467, 20937, 20938.

513T4557 Otostegia fruticosa (Lamiaceae); GUAN MU AO TUO SI TE CAO;Shrubby Otostegia*. Isolated compounds: 16272.T4558 Otostegia integrifolia (Lamiaceae); QUAN YUAN YE AO TUO SI TECAO; Integrifolious Otostegia*. Isolated compounds: 2045, 16273,17845.T4559 Otostegia limbata (Lamiaceae); YOU YAN AO TUO SI TE CAO;Limbate Otostegia. Isolated compounds: 7835, 12834, 12835.T4560 Ouratea flava (Ochnaceae); HUANG SAI JIN LIAN MU; YellowOuratea*. Isolated compounds: 7822, 7823.T4561 Ouratea hexasperma (Ochnaceae); LIU ZI SAI JIN LIAN MU;Hexaseed Ouratea*. Isolated compounds: 9518.T4562 Oxalis acetosella (Oxalidaceae); SHAN ZUO JIANG CAO;Wood-sorrel. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand transform stasis, clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit urine andfree strangury. TCM Indications: Taxation damage and pain, knocksand falls, leprosy, innominate toxin swelling, scab and lichen, infantmouth sore, burns and scalds, strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge,urinary stoppage. Isolated compounds: 22122.T4563 Oxalis cernua (Oxalidaceae). Isolated compounds: 3432.T4564 Oxalis corniculata [Syn. Oxalis repens] (Oxalidaceae); ZUO JIANGCAO; Creeping Oxalis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, cool blood and dissipate stasis, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Damp-heat diarrhea,dysentery, jaundice, strangury syndrome, vaginal discharge, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria, menstrual disorder,knocks and falls, swelling pain in throat, swollen welling abscess andclove sores, erysipelas, eczema, scab and lichen, hemorrhoids, measlespapules, burns and scalds, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds:16893, 18281, 21413.Oxalis repens = Oxalis corniculataT4565 Oxalis sp. (Oxalidaceae). Isolated compounds: 16285.T4566 Oxystelma esculentum var. alpini (Asclepiadaceae); BIAN ZHONGJIAN HUAI TENG; Edible Oxystelma Variety*. Isolated compounds:990, 991, 992.T4567 Oxytropis campestris (Fabaceae); TIAN YE JI DOU; Yellow Oxytropis.Isolated compounds: 23000.T4568 Oxytropis myriophylla (Fabaceae); DUO YE JI DOU; LeafyCrazyweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse swelling and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Influenza, swelling pain in throat, swelling toxin of welling abscessand sore, knocks and falls, static blood swelling and distention,various hemorrhage. Isolated compounds: 9275, 15193, 15194, 15195,15196, 15197, 15198, 15199, 15200, 15201, 16479.T4569 Oyedaea verbesinoides. Isolated compounds: 1216.PT4570 Pachydictyon coriaceum (Dictyotaceae); HOU WANG ZAO. Isolatedcompounds: 16495.T4571 Pachypodanthium staudii (Annonaceae); SI TUO HOU BING HUA.Isolated compounds: 16511.T4572 Pachyrhizus erosus (Fabaceae); DI GUA ZI; Wayaka Yambean Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To kill worms and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Scab and lichen, itchy skin, swollen welling abscess.Isolated compounds: 4954, 6551, 7289, 7290, 10059, 10589, 10680,10681, 15462, 18939.T4573 Pachyrrhizus erosus (Fabaceae); DOU SHU; Wayaka Yambean. Usedpart: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear lung and engender liquid,disinhibit urine and free milk, resolve liquor toxin. TCM Indications:Lung heat cough, pulmonary welling abscess, summerheat stroke withvexation and thirst, diabetes mellitus, scant breast milk, inhibitedurination [=dysuria]. Isolated compounds: 6551, 6632, 10059, 16499,16500, 18939.T4574 Pachysandra procumbens (Buxaceae); YANG WO BAN DENGGUO; Prostrate Pachysandra*. Isolated compounds: 6322, 21968.T4575 Pachysandra terminalis (Buxaceae); XUE SHAN LIN; JapanesePachysandra. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, soothe sinews and quicken blood, free menstruation andcheck discharge. TCM Indications: Wind-damp-heat impediment,systremma, menstrual disorder, Vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds:4767, 5461, 6989, 6990, 6991, 6992, 6993, 6994, 6995, 6996, 14650,16501, 16502, 16503, 16504, 16505, 16506, 16507, 16508, 16509,16510, 16512, 16513, 20205, 20976.T4576 Paederia chinensis (Rubiaceae); ZHONG HUA JI SHI TENG; ChineseFevervine. Isolated compounds: 17089.T4577 Paederia scandens (Rubiaceae); JI SHI TENG; Fevervine. Used part:whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,disperse food and transform accumulation, resolve toxin and disperseswelling, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain, diarrhea, dysentery, pain in stomach duct andabdomen, qi vacuity edema, heavy head and low food intake, liverspleen enlargement, scrofula, intestinal welling abscess, innominatetoxin swelling, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1618, 1892,4659, 6196, 6197, 7779, 7780, 9740, 16514, 16515, 16516, 16517,19454.T4578 Paederia scandens (Rubiaceae); JI SHI TENG GUO; Fevervine Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and engender flesh.TCM Indications: Poisonous insect stings, frostbite. Isolatedcompounds: 4814, 9740, 16050.T4579 Paederota lutea . Isolated compounds: 16518, 20252.T4580 Paeonia albiflora [Syn. Paeonia lactiflora] (Ranunculaceae); BAISHAO; Common Peony. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To calm liverand relieve pain, nourish blood and regulate menstruation, constrainyin and check sweating. TCM Indications: Headache and dizziness,pain in rib-side, abdominal pain, spasm in limbs, anemia with yellowcomplexion, menstrual disorder, profuse menstruation, spontaneoussweating, night sweating. Isolated compounds: 857, 861, 2224, 2266,3301, 3302, 5249, 7518, 7518, 8095, 8108, 8116, 8117, 9502, 14743,16455, 16519, 16520, 16521, 16522, 16523, 16524, 16525, 16526,16527, 16528, 16532, 16539, 16765, 16836, 16836, 16905, 17089,18255, 18256, 19983, 20389, 20910, 21053, 21641, 21642, 21643.T4581 Paeonia arborea (Ranunculaceae); QIAO MU SHAO YAO; ArboreousPeony. Isolated compounds: 16533, 16534.T4582 Paeonia delavayi (Ranunculaceae); DIAN MU DAN; Delavay Peony.Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: See Paeonia moutan. TCMIndications: See Paeonia moutan. Isolated compounds: 16525.T4583 Paeonia emodi (Ranunculaceae); DUO HUA SHAO YAO; Himalayan

514Peony. Isolated compounds: 8095, 9818, 14454, 16529, 16530, 16531.Paeonia lactiflora = Paeonia albifloraT4584 Paeonia lactiflora wild (Ranunculaceae); CHI SHAO wild; CommonPeony (wild). Equivalent plant: Paeonia obovata, Paeonia veitchii.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood, quickenblood and dispel stasis. TCM Indications: Warm toxin maculareruption, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, intestinalwind bleeding, red eyes with gall, swollen welling abscess and sores,amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, flooding and vaginal discharge withstrangury-turbidity, pain in rib-side due to stagnation,mounting-conglomeration accumulation-gathering, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 857, 2224, 4680, 5483, 7518, 12439, 16455,16524, 16525, 16532, 17378, 19983, 21053.T4585 Paeonia moutan [Syn. Paeonia suffruticosa] (Ranunculaceae); MUDAN PI; Subshrubby Peony Bark. Equivalent plant: Paeonia delavayi.Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood,quicken blood and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Appendicitis,dysentery, hypertension, allergic rhinitis, warm heat disease with fever,macular eruption, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,steaming bone tidal fever due to yin vacuity, amenorrhea due to bloodstasis, dysmenorrhea, concretion and conglomeration, swelling toxinof welling abscess and sore, painful wound from knocks and falls,wind-damp-heat impediment. Isolated compounds: 1524, 2263, 2266,8095, 16455, 16525, 16532, 16533, 16534, 16836, 20451, 20452,20453, 20454, 20455.T4586 Paeonia obovata (Ranunculaceae); CAO SHAO YAO; Obovate Peony.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Paeonia lactiflora wild. TCMIndications: See Paeonia lactiflora wild. Isolated compounds: 16455,16525, 16533.T4587 Paeonia officinalis (Ranunculaceae); YAO YONG MU DAN;Kingsbloom. Isolated compounds: 16525.T4588 Paeonia sp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 3454.T4589 Paeonia spp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 16905.Paeonia suffruticosa = Paeonia moutanT4590 Paeonia veitchii (Ranunculaceae); CHUAN CHI SHAO; Veitch Peony.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Paeonia lactiflora wild. TCMIndications: See Paeonia lactiflora wild. Isolated compounds: 16455,16525, 19986.T4591 Paepalanthus bromelioides (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds:16535.T4592 Paepalanthus denudatus (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 13981,14082.T4593 Paepalanthus hilairei (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 13981,14082.T4594 Paepalanthus latipes (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 13902,18311, 18312, 18313, 18314, 18315.T4595 Paepalanthus polyanthus (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 13981,14082.T4596 Paepalanthus ramosus (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 13981,14082.T4597 Paepalanthus robustus (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 13981,14082.T4598 Paepalanthus vellozioides (Eriocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 18311,18312, 18313, 18314, 18315.T4599 Panax ginseng [Syn. Panax schinseng] (Araliaceae); REN SHEN;Ginseng. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement original qigreatly, restore pulse and stem desertion, supplement spleen and boostlung, engender liquid, quiet spirit, lower blood sugar levels. TCMIndications: Qi vacuity and verging on desertion, cold limbs and faintpulse, reduced food intake due to spleen vacuity, cough and asthmadue to lung vacuity, fluid damage and thirst, diabetes mellitus due tointernal heat, enduring illness qi vacuity, fright palpitation andinsomnia, impotence, uterus cold, cardiac failure. Isolated compounds:617, 618, 626, 928, 1534, 1608, 1674, 2352, 2395, 2412, 2849, 2851,2852, 2943, 3040, 3242, 3354, 3522, 3523, 3565, 3589, 3766, 4680,5178, 5371, 5403, 6360, 6522, 6541, 6720, 6741, 6742, 6743, 7104,7730, 7852, 7971, 8409, 8410, 8411, 8412, 8413, 8414, 8415, 8416,8417, 8418, 8419, 8420, 8421, 8422, 8423, 8424, 8425, 8426, 8427,8428, 8429, 8430, 8431, 8432, 8434, 8435, 8436, 8437, 8438, 8439,8445, 8446, 8447, 8448, 8449, 8450, 8451, 8452, 8453, 8755, 8761,8906, 9041, 9071, 9088, 9378, 9379, 9485, 9486, 9669, 9670, 11332,11333, 11334, 11335, 12020, 12891, 13284, 13419, 13441, 13442,13443, 13444, 13454, 13507, 13508, 13922, 15140, 15368, 15369,15411, 15528, 15660, 15836, 15839, 15973, 16560, 16582, 16583,16588, 16589, 16590, 16591, 16592, 16593, 16594, 16595, 16596,16597, 16599, 16707, 16830, 17981, 17982, 18025, 18230, 18281,18450, 18526, 18739, 18834, 19187, 19306, 19681, 19686, 19687,19688, 19983, 19989, 19990, 19991, 20146, 20147, 20369, 20373,20374, 20375, 20378, 20444, 20446, 20715, 21040, 21610, 21634,22252, 22554, 22556, 22659, 22843.T4600 Panax ginseng [Syn. Panax schinseng] (Araliaceae); REN SHEN HUALEI; Ginseng Buds. Used part: bud. TCM Effects: To supplementoriginal qi greatly, supplement spleen and boost lung, engender liquidand allay thirst, quiet spirit and boost wits. TCM Indications: Qivacuity and verging on desertion, spleen vacuity and fatigued body,inappetence, vomiting, diarrhea, lung vacuity and shortness of breath,cough, hasty asthma, vacuity and profuse sweating, fluid damage andthirst, diabetes mellitus, insomnia and frequent dreaming, frightpalpitation and amnesia, anemia with yellow complexion, kidneyvacuity impotence, frequent urination, qi-blood fluids vacuitydepletion. Isolated compounds: 17982.T4601 Panax ginseng [Syn. Panax schinseng] (Araliaceae); REN SHEN LU;Ginseng Reed. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To upbear yang andraise fall. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity qi fall, enduring diarrhea,prolapse of rectum. Isolated compounds: 18277.T4602 Panax ginseng [Syn. Panax schinseng] (Araliaceae); REN SHEN YE;Ginseng Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvesummerheat, engender liquid and allay thirst. TCM Indications:Summerheat-heat and thirst, febrile diseases fluid damage, stomachyin insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, dry cough due to lung dryness,vacuity-fire toothache. Isolated compounds: 8433, 8440, 8441, 8442,8443, 8444, 16587.T4603 Panax ginseng x P. quinquefolium (Araliaceae); REN SHEN XIYANG SHEN ZA JIAO ZHONG. Isolated compounds: 9375.T4604 Panax japonicus var. bipinnatifidus (Araliaceae); YU YE SAN QI;Bipinnatifid Ginseng. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To stanch

515bleeding and dissipate stasis, disperse swelling and settle pain. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, hemoptysis, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematochezia, hematuria, blood dysentery, flooding andspotting, bleeding due to external injury, menstrual disorder,amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls, taxation damage and lumbago, chest andrib-side pain, pain in stomach duct, sores. Isolated compounds: 8423,8425, 13404, 13405.T4605 Panax japonicus var. major (Araliaceae); QIN LING ZHU ZI SHEN;Largeleaf Japanese Ginseng. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and nourish yin, stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis,disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Febrile diseaseswith vexation and thirst, lung heat cough due to yin vacuity,hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, hematuria, flooding and spotting, bleeding due toexternal injury, wound swelling from knocks and falls, wind-dampimpediment pain, stomachache, menstrual disorder, wind-firetoothache, swelling pain in throat, swelling pain of welling abscessand sore. Isolated compounds: 8427, 13404, 13405, 13407, 13408,16048.Panax notoginseng = Panax pseudo-ginseng var. notoginsengT4606 Panax pseudo-ginseng (Araliaceae); ZANG SAN QI; Tibet Ginseng.Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To transform stasis and stanchbleeding, disperse swelling and settle pain. TCM Indications: Bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, blood dysentery, flooding,postpartum persistent flow of lochia, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 8816.T4607 Panax pseudo-ginseng var. japonicus (Araliaceae); ZHU JIE SAN QI;Japanese Ginseng. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To supplementvacuity, relieve cough and dispel phlegm, stanch bleeding anddissipate stasis, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Weakness during convalescence, inappetence, vacuity taxation cough,hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, hematuria, aberratio mensium, flooding and spotting,bleeding due to external injury, concretion and conglomeration,amenorrhea due to blood stasis, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, knocks and falls, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia,swollen welling abscess, hemorrhoids, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 1608, 8423, 8425, 8426, 8427, 8428, 8430, 8445, 8755,13405, 13443, 15822, 15823, 15824, 15825, 15836, 15839, 15840,18025, 18026, 22483, 22484, 22485, 22893, 22894, 22895, 22896,22897, 22898, 22899, 22900, 22901, 22902.T4608 Panax pseudo-ginseng var. notoginseng [Syn. Panax notoginseng](Araliaceae); SAN QI; Sanchi. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tostanch bleeding and dissipate stasis, disperse swelling and settle pain.TCM Indications: Hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematochezia, flooding and spotting, bleeding due toexternal injury, angina pectoris, stabbing pain in chest and abdomen,painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 115, 1058,2804, 2852, 3242, 4029, 4367, 4463, 4464, 4489, 4500, 4501, 4505,4506, 4507, 4508, 4509, 4510, 4526, 4527, 4528, 4534, 4577, 4680,5105, 5416, 6189, 6301, 6319, 6522, 6523, 6534, 6720, 6741, 6742,6795, 6800, 7469, 7476, 8423, 8424, 8426, 8427, 8428, 8430, 8435,8605, 8646, 8651, 9041, 9042, 9088, 9359, 9360, 9378, 9485, 9486,11285, 14484, 14528, 14709, 15140, 15671, 15684, 15818, 15819,15820, 15821, 15824, 15825, 15826, 15827, 15828, 15829, 15830,15831, 15832, 15836, 15837, 15838, 15839, 15840, 16594, 16595,16597, 16598, 16599, 16830, 18317, 18446, 18447, 18448, 18449,18451, 19233, 19983, 20369, 21040, 21197, 21621, 21628, 22830.T4609 Panax pseudo-ginseng var. notoginseng [Syn. Panax notoginseng](Araliaceae); SAN QI HUA LEI; Sanchi Buds. Used part: flower.TCM Effects: To clear heat and engender liquid, calm liver and lowerblood pressure. TCM Indications: Fluid damage and thirst, aphoniadue to throat pain, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 8423, 8424,8425, 8426, 8427, 9130, 9134, 15821, 15822, 15833, 15834, 15835,15841, 15842, 16598, 19987, 20367, 20372.T4610 Panax quinquefolium (Araliaceae); XI YANG SHEN; AmericanGinseng. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To supplement qi and nourishyin, clear fire and engender liquid. TCM Indications: Qi vacuity, yindepletion and effulgent fire, cough and asthma with phlegm-blood,vacuity heat and vexation fatigue, diabetes mellitus due to internalheat, thirst with dry throat. Isolated compounds: 479, 2412, 2943,3139, 3140, 3242, 4390, 4498, 4672, 6522, 6541, 6795, 7730, 8419,8423, 8424, 8425, 8426, 8427, 8428, 8429, 8430, 8431, 8435, 8445,8452, 9485, 9486, 11421, 12856, 12891, 13441, 13443, 13444, 14214,15684, 15977, 16586, 16597, 16619, 16620, 16621, 16850, 17088,17104, 17105, 17106, 17107, 17108, 17109, 17124, 17128, 17137,17138, 17139, 17752, 18190, 18445, 18450, 20280, 20446, 21870,22825.T4611 Panax quinquefolium (Araliaceae); XI YANG SHEN JING YE;American Ginseng Stem-leaf. Isolated compounds: 4617, 4619, 4620,4621.Panax schinseng = Panax ginsengPancovia delavayi = Sapindus delavayiT4612 Pancratium biflorum (Amaryllidaceae); QUAN NENG HUA;Twoflower Pancratium. Isolated compounds: 2369, 17850.Pancratium littoralis = Hymenocallis littoralisT4613 Pancratium maritimum (Amaryllidaceae). Isolated compounds: 22040.T4614 Panda oleosa . Isolated compounds: 16602.T4615 Pandanus boninensis (Pandanaceae). Isolated compounds: 14268,14273.T4616 Pandanus tectorius (Pandanaceae); LU DOU LE HUA; ThatchScrewpine Flower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disinhibit water. TCM Indications: Common cold with cough,strangury-turbidity, inhibited urination, heat diarrhea, mounting qi,mouth-level nape sore. Isolated compounds: 6482, 12843, 14672,17111.T4617 Panellus serotinus (Tricholomataceae); HOU SHU SHAN GU;Mukitake (in Japanese). Isolated compounds: 6898, 6899, 6900, 9487,15943.T4618 Panicum miliaceum (Poaceae); SHU MI; Broomcorn Millet. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To supplement center and boost qi, eliminatevexation and allay thirst, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Diarrhea anddysentery, vexation and thirst, retching with counterflow, cough,stomachache, goose-mouth sore, sore and welling abscess, scalds.Isolated compounds: 4672, 11503, 14851.

516T4619 Panulirus sp. (Palinuridae). Isolated compounds: 3585.T4620 Papaver album (Papaveraceae); BAI HUA YING SU; White Poppy*.Isolated compounds: 16623.T4621 Papaver alpinum (Papaveraceae); GAO SHAN YING SU; AlpinePoppy. Isolated compounds: 1094, 16625.T4622 Papaver auranticum (Papaveraceae); JU HUANG YING SU; OrangePoppy*. Isolated compounds: 1097.T4623 Papaver bracteatum (Papaveraceae); DA HONG YING SU; BracteatePoppy*. Isolated compounds: 3885, 4121, 7837, 14251, 15449, 16625.T4624 Papaver caucasicum (Papaveraceae); GAO JIA SUO YING SU;Caucasian Poppy*. Isolated compounds: 1738, 16625.T4625 Papaver commutatum [Syn. Papaver rhoeas] (Papaveraceae); LICHUN HUA; Corn Poppy. Used part: whole herb, flower or fruit.TCM Effects: To suppress cough, settle pain, check diarrhea. TCMIndications: Cough, migraine, abdominal pain, dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 3498, 5768, 9830, 11344, 11677, 13632, 14981, 15266,16624, 16625, 16627, 16628, 18816, 18817, 19284, 19908, 21292,21292.T4626 Papaver dubium (Papaveraceae); CHANG GUO YING SU;Long-headed Poppy. Isolated compounds: 7980, 16625.T4627 Papaver dubium var. glabrum (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds:16446.T4628 Papaver fugax (Papaveraceae); YI XIAN YING SU; FugaciousPoppy*. Isolated compounds: 7980, 13631.T4629 Papaver nudicaule (Papaveraceae); YE YING SU; Iceland Poppy.Equivalent plant: Papaver nudicaule ssp. amurense. Used part: fruitshell or whole herb with flower. TCM Effects: To constrain lung andrelieve cough, astringe intestines and check diarrhea, settle pain. TCMIndications: Enduring cough and asthma, diarrhea, hematochezia,prolapse of rectum, emission, vaginal discharge, headache,stomachache, dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 1098, 1099, 3502,5283, 16625.T4630 Papaver nudicaule ssp. amurense (Papaveraceae); HEI SHUI YEYING SU; Amur Poppy. Used part: fruit shell or whole herb withflower. TCM Effects: See Papaver nudicaule. TCM Indications: SeePapaver nudicaule. Isolated compounds: 1094, 1097, 1100, 1101,15079.T4631 Papaver nudicaule var. chinense (Papaveraceae); LIE YE YE YINGSU; Splidleaf Poppy*. Used part: fruit shell or whole herb. TCMEffects: To constrain lung and relieve cough, astringe intestines andcheck diarrhea, settle pain. TCM Indications: Enduring cough andasthma, enduring diarrhea, enduring dysentery, headache, stomachache,pain in heart and abdomen, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 1096, 1100, 15861, 15862, 18570.T4632 Papaver orientale (Papaveraceae); JIN DONG YING SU; OrientalPoppy. Isolated compounds: 7837, 11741, 16625.T4633 Papaver persicum (Papaveraceae); BO SI YING SU; Persia Poppy.Isolated compounds: 1738, 16625.T4634 Papaver pseudorientale (Papaveraceae); JIA JIN DONG YING SU;Pseudoriental Poppy*. Isolated compounds: 11741.Papaver rhoeas = Papaver commutatumT4635 Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae); YA PIAN; Opium. Used part:latex from unripe capsules. TCM Effects: To relieve pain, astringeintestines, suppress cough. TCM Indications: Pain in heart andabdomen, chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, dry cough withoutphlegm. Isolated compounds: 3884, 3885, 4050, 4123, 4129, 4290,4473, 4474, 4503, 4504, 7837, 8523, 8902, 9564, 9709, 11348, 12562,12563, 13633, 14248, 14291, 14981, 15263, 15266, 15267, 15268,15449, 15664, 16538, 16623, 16625, 16626, 16627, 16628, 18052,18654, 18816, 19284, 19566, 19987, 19997, 21292, 22745.T4636 Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae); YING SU; Opium Poppy. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and promote digestion, clearheat and disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Stomach reflux, abdominalpain, diarrhea, prolapse of rectum. Isolated compounds: 2887, 3885,4290, 4473, 7837, 8513, 9349, 9350, 12561, 12563, 14981, 15263,15266, 15268, 15449, 16430, 16623, 17983, 18655, 19284, 20369,21292.T4637 Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae); YING SU KE; Opium PoppyPericarp. Used part: capsule. TCM Effects: To constrain lung, astringeintestines, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Enduring cough, chronicdiarrhea, prolapse of rectum, pain in stomach duct and abdomen.Isolated compounds: 3885, 4290, 5708, 7334, 11085, 13505, 14981,15266, 15268, 15793, 16473, 16623, 19284, 19650, 21292.T4638 Papaver spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498, 7002, 16624,16627, 16628.T4639 Papaver urbanianum (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 14251.T4640 Parabenzoin trilobum JIA SHAN HU JIAO. Isolated compounds:16649.T4641 Parakmeria yunnanensis (Magnoliaceae); YUN NAN NI DAN XINGMU LAN; Yunnan Parakmeria. Isolated compounds: 16651.T4642 Parameria laevigata (Apocynaceae); CHANG JIE ZHU; LaevigateParameria. Used part: stem cortex or root cortex. TCM Effects: Tosupplement kidney and strengthen lumbus, dissipate stasis and relievepain. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuity lumbago, pain in sinews andbones, knocks and falls, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 666, 3725,6862, 16654, 16655, 17868.T4643 Pararistolochia flos-avis . Isolated compounds: 17463.T4644 Parasilurus asotus NIAN YU. Used part: meat or whole fish. TCMEffects: To enrich yin and supplement vacuity, fortify spleen andpromote digestion, promote lactation, disinhibit urine. TCMIndications: Vacuity detriment and emaciation weakness,spleen-stomach vacuity, indigestion, postpartum scant milk, edema,inhibited urination [=dysuria]. Isolated compounds: 16656.T4645 Parepigynum funingense (Apocynaceae); FU NING TENG. Isolatedcompounds: 8005, 8006, 8007, 8008.T4646 Parinari sprucei (Chrysobalanaceae). Isolated compounds: 5931, 6042,6066, 6067, 9504, 10512, 10588, 12179, 16854, 16855, 21135, 21136,21137, 21755, 21758, 21798, 21801, 21802, 21803, 21804, 21805,21806, 21807.T4647 Paris fargesii (Liliaceae); QIU YAO GE CHONG LOU; Farges Paris.Isolated compounds: 6440.T4648 Paris polyphylla (Liliaceae); ZAO XIU; Manyleaf Paris. Equivalentplant: Paris polyphylla var. chinensis, Paris polyphylla var.Yunnanensis, Paris polyphylla var. pseudothibetica, Paris polyphyllavar. stenophylla. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain, cool liver and settle

517fright. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,throat impediment, mammary welling abscess, snake or insect bites,painful wound from knocks and falls, liver heat and convulsion.Isolated compounds: 6437, 6440, 6443, 6446, 6447, 16668, 16669,16671, 16810, 16811, 16812, 16815, 17654, 17655, 17656, 17657,17658, 17659, 17781.T4649 Paris polyphylla var. chinensis (Liliaceae); HUA CHONG LOU; ChinaParis. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Paris polyphylla. TCMIndications: See Paris polyphylla. Isolated compounds: 16815.T4650 Paris polyphylla var. pseudothibetica (Liliaceae); CHANG YAO GECHONG LOU; Tibet Paris. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeParis polyphylla. TCM Indications: See Paris polyphylla. Isolatedcompounds: 6440.T4651 Paris polyphylla var. stenophylla (Liliaceae); XIA YE CHONG LOU;Narrowleaf Paris. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Parispolyphylla. TCM Indications: See Paris polyphylla. Isolatedcompounds: 6440.T4652 Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Liliaceae); YUN NAN CHONGLOU; Yunnan Manyleaf Paris. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeParis polyphylla. TCM Indications: See Paris polyphylla. Isolatedcompounds: 6440, 16813, 16814, 16815, 17783.T4653 Paris sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 6440.T4654 Paris spp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 16809.T4655 Paris tetraphylla (Liliaceae); WANG SUN; Tetraphyllous Paris. Usedpart: rhizome. TCM Indications: Red and white dysentery, impediment,aching pain in limbs. Isolated compounds: 16815.T4656 Parmelia saxatilis (Parmeliaceae); SHI HUA; Parmelia Lichen. Usedpart: lichen. TCM Effects: To supplement liver and boost kidney,brighten eyes, stanch bleeding, resolve toxin and disinhibit damp.TCM Indications: Blurred vision, pain in lumbus and knees, bloodejection, flooding and spotting, jaundice, scab and lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 1990, 9185, 16673.T4657 Parmelia saxatilis var. omphalodes (Parmeliaceae); QI SHI HUA;Omphalos Parmelia*. Isolated compounds: 1990.T4658 Parmelia tinctorum (Parmeliaceae); MEI YI; Tinctorial Parmelia*.Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To boost essence, brighten eyes, coolblood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Dim vision, flooding andspotting, bleeding due to external injury, sore toxin and intractablelichen. Isolated compounds: 11486, 12598, 16169.T4659 Parthenium argentatum x P. tomentosa (Asteraceae); ZA JIAO YINJIAO JU; Hybrid Pathenium*. Isolated compounds: 1668, 1669, 1670,1671.T4660 Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae); YIN JIAO JU; CommonPathenium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Indications: Toxin swellingof sores. Isolated compounds: 239, 3482, 4087, 7170, 7171, 7172,9936, 10916, 10917, 10918, 10919, 16674, 21842.T4661 Parthenium spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 16675.T4662 Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Vitaceae); DI JIN; Japanese Creeper.Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To quicken blood, dispel wind,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Postpartum blood stasis, abdominallump glomus, red and white vaginal discharge, wind-damp pain insinew and bone, migraine. Isolated compounds: 13266, 15986.T4663 Passiflora caerulea (Passifloraceae); XI FAN LIAN; Passionflower.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Commoncold with headache, nasal congestion and runny nose, pain in jointsdue to rheumatalgia, mounting qi, dysmenorrhea, neuralgia, insomnia,diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 3318, 8095.T4664 Passiflora coriaceae (Passifloraceae); GE YANG XI FAN LIAN;Coriaceous Passionflower*. Isolated compounds: 4988.T4665 Passiflora edulis (Passifloraceae); JI DAN GUO; Passionfruit. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear lung and moisten dryness, quietspirit and relieve pain, harmonize blood and check dysentery. TCMIndications: Cough, dry throat, hoarseness, constipation, insomnia,dysmenorrhea, pain in joints, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 9232,9233, 9234, 9235, 15926, 22615.T4666 Passiflora incarnata (Passifloraceae); FEN HONG SE XI FAN LIAN;May-apple. Isolated compounds: 9232, 9234, 9236.T4667 Passiflora quadrangularis (Passifloraceae); DA GUO XI FAN LIAN;Giant Granadilla. Isolated compounds: 6354, 6355, 6380, 6386,15708.T4668 Passiflora sp. (Passifloraceae). Isolated compounds: 9467, 13003.T4669 Pastinaca sativa (Apiaceae); OU FANG FENG; Garden Parsnip.Isolated compounds: 15204, 22774, 22775.T4670 Patrinia heterophylla (Valerianaceae); YI YE BAI JIANG;Diversifolious Patrinia. Equivalent plant: Patrinia scabra. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To constrain sweat and dry damp, dispel stasis anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Warm malaria, flooding, red andwhite vaginal discharge, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 15705.T4671 Patrinia saniculaefolia (Valerianaceae); BIAN DOU CAI YE BAIJIANG; Korea Patrinia*. Isolated compounds: 15276, 16716, 16717,16718.T4672 Patrinia scabiosaefolia (Valerianaceae); HUANG HUA BAI JIANG;Dahurian Patrinia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Patriniavillosa. TCM Indications: See Patrinia villosa. Isolated compounds:1576, 3042, 4680, 6756, 8607, 8719, 8726, 9260, 9262, 9276, 12642,12643, 16050, 16719, 16720, 16721, 16722, 16723, 18709, 18710,19443, 19444, 19445, 19446, 19447, 19542, 19987, 20476, 20477.T4673 Patrinia scabra (Valerianaceae); CAO YE BAI JIANG; ScabrousPatrinia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Patrinia heterophylla.TCM Indications: See Patrinia heterophylla. Isolated compounds:4414, 7409, 16724.T4674 Patrinia sp. (Valerianaceae). Isolated compounds: 3340.T4675 Patrinia spp. (Valerianaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T4676 Patrinia villosa (Valerianaceae); BAI JIANG; Whiteflower Patrinia.Equivalent plant: Patrinia scabiosaefolia. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, expel pus and breakstasis. TCM Indications: Intestinal welling abscess, dysentery, red andwhite vaginal discharge, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, redeyes with gall, swollen welling abscess, scab and lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 11083, 12950, 14982, 19935, 22479, 22480, 22481.Paullinia asiatica = Toddalia asiaticaT4677 Paullinia cupana (Sapindaceae); BA XI XIANG WU HUAN ZI;Guarana. Isolated compounds: 2892, 21310, 21312.Paullinia japonica = Ampelopsis japonicaT4678 Paulownia fortunei (Scrophulariaceae); PAO TONG; Fortune

518Paulownia. Equivalent plant: Paulownia tomentosa. Used part: bark.TCM Effects: To expel wind and eliminate damp, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-damp-heat impediment,strangury, erysipelas, toxin swelling from hemorrhoids, intestinal windbleeding, swelling pain due to external injury, fracture. Isolatedcompounds: 20569.T4679 Paulownia tomentosa (Scrophulariaceae); MAO PAO TONG; RoyalPaulownia. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Paulownia fortunei.TCM Indications: See Paulownia fortunei. Isolated compounds: 580,1833, 3052, 3306, 3981, 11581, 13580, 16734, 19777, 19922, 20569,22270.T4680 Paxillus curtisii (Paxillaceae); KE DI SI WANG ZHE JUN; CurtisiPaxillus*. Isolated compounds: 4401, 4402, 4403, 4404, 4405, 4406,4407, 4408, 4409, 4410, 4411, 4412, 4413.T4681 Pedicularis decora (Scrophulariaceae); MEI GUAN MA XIAN HAO ;Smallcalyx Woodbetony. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To enrich yinand supplement kidney, boost qi and fortify spleen. TCM Indications:Spleen-kidney vacuity, steaming bone tidal fever, pain in joints, nothought of food and drink. Isolated compounds: 16763, 16764.T4682 Pedicularis muscicola (Scrophulariaceae); XIAN SHENG MA XIANHAO; Muscicolous Woodbetony. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tosupplement original qi greatly, engender liquid and quiet spirit,strengthen heart and lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Qi-blooddepletion, vacuity taxation with profuse sweating, vacuity desertionfailure, hypotension. Isolated compounds: 3247, 19782.T4683 Pedicularis spicata (Scrophulariaceae); SUI HUA MA XIAN HAO;Spicate Woodbetony. Isolated compounds: 16763.T4684 Pedicularis striata (Scrophulariaceae); HONG WEN MA XIAN HAO;Redstriate Woodbetony. Isolated compounds: 16763.T4685 Pedicularis striata ssp. arachnoidea (Scrophulariaceae); ZHU SIHONG WEN MA XIAN HAO; Arachnoidea Redstriate Woodbetony*.Isolated compounds: 16763.T4686 Pedilanthus tithymaloides (Euphorbiaceae); YU DAI GEN;Tithymalus-like Pedilanthus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling,engender flesh and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Toxin swellingof sores, painful swelling from knocks and falls, fracture, bleeding dueto external injury. Isolated compounds: 6918, 6919.T4687 Peganum harmala (Zygophyllaceae); LUO TUO PENG; CommonPeganum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To diffuse lung qi,dispel wind-damp, disperse swelling toxin. TCM Indications: Coughand shortness of breath, wind-damp impediment pain, itchy skin,innominate toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 5201, 5219, 9232,9233, 9235, 16766, 16768, 16769, 16770, 16771, 19062, 22350.T4688 Peganum harmala (Zygophyllaceae); LUO TUO PENG ZI; CommonPeganum Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To relieve cough andcalm asthma, dispel wind-damp, resolve depression. TCM Indications:Cough and asthma, inhibited urination, numbness in limbs, achingpain in joints. Isolated compounds: 5219, 9232, 9235, 9236, 12488,16770, 21070, 22350.T4689 Peganum nigellastrum (Zygophyllaceae); LUO TUO HAO; LittlePeganum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel damp andresolve toxin, quicken blood and relieve pain, diffuse lung andsuppress cough. TCM Indications: Arthritis, menstrual disorder,bronchitis, headache. Isolated compounds: 5219, 5565, 5713, 13086,13087, 22350.T4690 Pelargonium graveolens (Geraniaceae); XIANG YE; RocePelargonium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, move qi and relieve pain, kill worms. TCMIndications: Rheumatism, mounting qi, scrotal eczema, scab andlichen. Isolated compounds: 3768, 12853, 14581, 15146, 18920,21979.T4691 Pelargonium hortorum (Geraniaceae); SHI LA HONG; FishPelargonium. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Otitis media. Isolated compounds:3767, 3768, 15901.T4692 Pelargonium reniforme (Geraniaceae); SHEN YE TIAN ZHU KUI;Reniform Pelargonium*. Isolated compounds: 2603, 8111, 8112, 8113,8119, 11342, 16786, 16787, 16788, 17221, 17222, 21905.T4693 Pelargonium sp. (Geraniaceae). Isolated compounds: 20715.T4694 Pelargonium zonale (Geraniaceae); MA TI WEN TIAN ZHU KUI;Zonal Geranium. Isolated compounds: 16781.T4695 Pellia epiphylla (Dilaenaceae); XI TAI. Isolated compounds: 6999,16790.T4696 Penaeus orientalis (Penaeidae); HAI XIAKihinouye; Prawn. Used part:meat or body. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and invigorateyang, open stomach and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Kidneyvacuity impotence, convulsion of hands and feet, wind stroke withhemiplegia, mammary sore, enduring sores. Isolated compounds: 1921,3095, 4569, 6688, 10913, 13126, 14133, 21940.T4697 Penicillium oxalicum . Isolated compounds: 6906.T4698 Penicillium roqueforti LOU DI QING MEI. Isolated compounds:17999.T4699 Penicillium simplicissimum JI JIAN DAN QING MEI. Isolatedcompounds: 2441, 4206, 4207, 16806, 16807.T4700 Penicillium steckii . Isolated compounds: 6340, 6362, 20690, 20691.T4701 Penicillium verruculosum Mold; Penicillium verruculosum. Isolatedcompounds: 22421.T4702 Pentopetia androsaernifolia (Asclepiadaceae); PEN TUO PO TI CAO;Pentopetia androsaernifolia. Isolated compounds: 16959.T4703 Pentopetia spp. (Asclepiadaceae). Isolated compounds: 16958.T4704 Peperomia duclouxii (Piperaceae); MENG ZI CAO HU JIAO; MengziPeperomia*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, transform stasis and dissipate binds, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess and sore toxin, try to usingfor carcinoma of stomach and carcinoma of esophagus. Isolatedcompounds: 2482, 2483, 9818, 10015, 10016, 10388, 14009, 14010,14011, 14107, 18265, 22170.T4705 Peperomia pellucida (Piperaceae); CAO HU JIAO; Shiny Peperomia.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dissipate stasis and relieve pain, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, burns and scalds, knocksand falls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 16791.

519T4706 Peperomia sui (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 2415, 16906, 17871,20491, 20493, 20494, 20495.T4707 Peperomia villipetiola (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 13820,13821, 14116, 14515, 14516, 14587, 14588.T4708 Peperomia vulcanica (Piperaceae); HUO SHAN YAN CAO HU JIAO;Volcanic Peperomia*. Isolated compounds: 16907, 16908.T4709 Periandra dulcis TIAN ZHOU WEI JIA XIONG RUI. Isolatedcompounds: 16918, 16919, 16920.T4710 Pericampylus glaucus (Menispermaceae); XI YUAN TENG; GreybluePericampylus. Used part: vine or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, extinguish wind and check tetany, dispel wind-damp.TCM Indications: Toxin swelling of sores, swelling pain in throat,fright wind and convulsion, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks andfalls, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 6918.T4711 Pericopsis angolensis . Isolated compounds: 6290, 17278.T4712 Peridinium bipes (Peridiniaceae); ER JIAO DUO JIA ZAO. Isolatedcompounds: 5377, 6424, 6425, 16922.T4713 Perilla arguta (Lamiaceae); RUI ZI SU; Argute Perilla*. Isolatedcompounds: 16930.T4714 Perilla frutescens (Lamiaceae); BAI SU YE; Common Perilla Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and diffuse lung, rectifyqi and disperse food, resolve toxin of fish and crab. TCM Indications:Common cold due to wind-cold, cough and asthma, distention andoppression in stomach duct and abdomen, non-digestion of foodaccumulation, vomiting and diarrhea, cold dysentery, poisoning of fishor crab, genital swelling, leg qi with swelling toxin, snake or insectbites. Isolated compounds: 10270, 16931, 16934.T4715 Perilla frutescens (Lamiaceae); BAI SU ZI; Common Perilla Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To downbear qi and disperse phlegm,calm asthma, moisten intestines. TCM Indications: Phlegm congestionand qi counterflow, cough and asthma, intestinal dry and constipation.Isolated compounds: 6716, 8816, 15983, 16929, 16930.T4716 Perilla frutescens f. viridis (Lamiaceae); QING ZI SU ; ViridianCommon Perilla*. Isolated compounds: 16931, 16933.T4717 Perilla frutescens var. acuta [Syn. Perilla frutescens var. purpurascens](Lamiaceae); JIAN ZI SU; Acute Common Perilla. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: See Perilla frutescens var. arguta. TCM Indications:See Perilla frutescens var. arguta. Isolated compounds: 6095, 6096,6193, 6745, 13774, 16930.T4718 Perilla frutescens var. acuta [Syn. Perilla frutescens var. purpurascens](Lamiaceae); JIAN ZI SU YE; Acute Common Perilla Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: See Perilla frutescens var. arguta. TCMIndications: See Perilla frutescens var. arguta. Isolated compounds:2222, 2455, 2887, 3040, 3045, 3242, 4550, 6745, 7521, 11406, 12420,12843, 12849, 13774, 13776, 15204, 15238, 16929, 17376, 17377,18000, 19587, 19983, 20369, 22465.T4719 Perilla frutescens var. arguta (Lamiaceae); ZI SU; Common Perilla.Equivalent plant: Perilla frutescens var. acuta, Perilla frutescens var.crispa. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To downbear qi, transformphlegm, calm asthma, moisten intestines. TCM Indications: Phlegmcongestion and qi counterflow, cough and asthma, intestinal dry andconstipation. Isolated compounds: 12891, 12893, 22554.T4720 Perilla frutescens var. arguta (Lamiaceae); ZI SU GENG; CommonPerilla Stem. Equivalent plant: Perilla frutescens var. crispa. Used part:stem. TCM Effects: To loosen center and rectify qi, quiet fetus,harmonize blood. TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach qi stagnation,glomus fullness, fetus qi disharmony, beriberi with edema, hemoptysis,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding. Isolated compounds:6716, 12893, 16929.T4721 Perilla frutescens var. arguta (Lamiaceae); ZI SU YE; Common PerillaLeaf. Equivalent plant: Perilla frutescens var. acuta. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and resolve exterior, diffuse lung andtransform phlegm, move qi and harmonize center, quiet fetus, resolvetoxin of fish and crab. TCM Indications: Wind-cold exterior syndrome,cough with profuse phlegm, distention fullness in chest and stomachduct, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, malignobstruction in pregnancy, poisoning of fish or crab. Isolatedcompounds: 2306, 3045, 3242, 4356, 5690, 11406, 12844, 12849,13775, 14374, 16930, 16932, 16936, 19983.T4722 Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Lamiaceae); HUI HUI SU; CrispedCommon Perilla. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: See Perilla frutescensvar. arguta. TCM Indications: See Perilla frutescens var. arguta.Isolated compounds: 16930, 19983, 20369.T4723 Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Lamiaceae); HUI HUI SU GENG;Crisped Common Perilla Stem. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: SeePerilla frutescens var. arguta. TCM Indications: See Perilla frutescensvar. arguta. Isolated compounds: 1489, 2896, 2913, 3045, 3242, 3760,6745, 12420, 12843, 12849, 13142, 13450, 13774, 13775, 15204,15238, 16930, 16935, 17376, 19583.Perilla frutescens var. purpurascens = Perilla frutescens var. acutaT4724 Perilla spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 19838.T4725 Periploca calophylla (Asclepiadaceae); QING SHE TENG;Greensnake vine. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, numbness of limbs, lumbago, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 12948, 16959, 17562.T4726 Periploca forrestii (Asclepiadaceae); XI NAN GANG LIU; ForrestSilkvine. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, quicken blood and disperse welling abscess.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, menstrual block,mammary welling abscess, knocks and falls, fracture. Isolatedcompounds: 10599, 16923, 16924, 16948, 16959.T4727 Periploca graeca (Asclepiadaceae); XI LA GANG LIU; GrecianSilkvine. Isolated compounds: 663, 4549, 7768, 16900, 16943, 16959.T4728 Periploca nigrescens (Asclepiadaceae); HEI GANG LIU; BlackSilkvine. Isolated compounds: 281, 282, 4012, 4547, 4972, 4973,20395, 20397, 20399, 20401.T4729 Periploca sepium (Asclepiadaceae); XIANG JIA PI; Chinese SilkvineRoot-bark. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,strengthen sinews and bones. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, limp aching lumbus and knees, palpitation andshortness of breath, edema in lower limb. Isolated compounds: 1110,1111, 1112, 1113, 3951, 3953, 3956, 8828, 8829, 8830, 8831, 14088,14684, 14685, 14686, 15493, 16938, 16939, 16940, 16941, 16942,16943, 16944, 16945, 16946, 16947, 16948, 16949, 16950, 16951,16952, 16953, 16954, 16955, 16956, 16957, 16958, 16959, 16961,

52016962, 16963, 17566, 17801, 17802, 17803, 19092, 19093, 19094,19095, 19853, 19987, 22856.T4730 Peristrophe roxburghiana (Acanthaceae); GUAN YIN CAO;Roxburgh Peristrophe. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, cool blood and extinguish wind, dissipate stasisand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough,tuberculosis and hacking of blood, blood ejection, infant fright wind,red swollen of throat, mough and tongue sores, dribbling pain ofurination, swelling welling abscess and sore and boil, scrofula, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury,poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 16964, 16965.T4731 Persea americana [Syn. Persea gratissima] (Lauraceae); E LI;American Avocado. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To engender liquidand allay thirst. TCM Indications: Diabetes mellitus. Isolatedcompounds: 166, 167, 233, 234, 1596, 5691, 9748.T4732 Persea borbonia (Lauraceae). Isolated compounds: 15903.Persea gratissima = Persea americanaT4733 Persea indica (Lauraceae); YIN DU E LI; Indian Avocado*. Isolatedcompounds: 1264, 1265, 5465, 8201.T4734 Persea spp. (Lauraceae). Isolated compounds: 15903.Persicaria sibirica = Polygonum sibiricumT4735 Pertya glabrescens (Asteraceae); JIN WU MAO SAO JU; LongflowerBloomdaisy. Isolated compounds: 9528.T4736 Petalostemon purpureus ZI SE BAN RUI DOU; Purple Prairie-clover.Isolated compounds: 17008.T4737 Petalostemum purpureum HUANG SE BAN RUI DOU; YellowPrairie-clover. Isolated compounds: 17009.T4738 Petasites albus (Asteraceae); BAI HUA FENG DOU CAI;White-flowerButterbur*. Isolated compounds: 10094.T4739 Petasites formosanus (Asteraceae); TAI WAN FENG DOU CAI;Taiwan Butterbur*. Isolated compounds: 2120, 2121, 2122, 4989,7768, 13098, 17012, 17014, 20148.Petasites hybridu = Petasites officinalisT4740 Petasites japonicus (Asteraceae); FENG DOU CAI; JapaneseButterbur. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dispel stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swellingpain in throat, swollen welling abscess and toxin of clove, poisonoussnake bite, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 198, 264, 395, 864,1188, 1205, 2412, 3194, 3241, 3242, 5617, 7227, 7229, 7986, 7987,7988, 7989, 7990, 8016, 8018, 8019, 8021, 9607, 10094, 11591, 11626,11822, 12813, 15693, 15696, 17010, 17011, 17013, 17015, 17016,17017, 19302, 19731, 21616, 22389.T4741 Petasites kablikianus (Asteraceae); KA BU LI FENG DOU CAI;Kabliki Butterbur*. Isolated compounds: 11591.T4742 Petasites laevigatus (Asteraceae); PING HUA FENG DOU CAI;Smooth Butterbur*. Isolated compounds: 17546.T4743 Petasites officinalis [Syn. Petasites hybridu] (Asteraceae); ZI FENGDOU CAI; Purple Butterbur. Isolated compounds: 11591, 17013,17015.T4744 Petasites sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 2119, 7230.T4745 Petasites tricholobus (Asteraceae); MAO LIE FENG DOU CAI;Hairylobed Butterbur. Isolated compounds: 2168, 17018, 17019,18071.T4746 Petiveria alliacea (Phytolaccaceae); SUAN CHOU MU JI CAO.Isolated compounds: 2293, 5391, 5392, 5393, 5394, 5395, 6501, 8772,8777, 8778.T4747 Petrocosmea kerrii (Gesneriaceae); SHI HU DIE; Kerri Petrocosmea*.Isolated compounds: 3432.T4748 Petroselinum crispum (Apiaceae); ZHOU YE OU QIN; Curly GardenParsley. Isolated compounds: 1502, 1520, 2284, 15204.T4749 Petroselinum sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2309.T4750 Petrosia strongylata ; Sponge Petrosia strongylata. Isolatedcompounds: 12613, 12614.T4751 Petunia hybrida (Solanaceae); BI DONG QIE; Common Petunia.Isolated compounds: 13458, 13459, 13461, 17026.T4752 Petunia nyctaginiflora (Solanaceae); ZI MO LI HUA BI DONG QIE;Nyctaginiflower Petunia*. Isolated compounds: 21962, 21964.T4753 Petunia reitzii (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 17358, 17359.T4754 Peucedanum bourgaei (Apiaceae); BO SHI QIAN HU; BourgaeHogfennel*. Isolated compounds: 17036.Peucedanum decursivum = Angelica decursivaT4755 Peucedanum formosanum (Apiaceae); TAI WAN QIAN HU; TaiwanHogfennel. Isolated compounds: 17763.T4756 Peucedanum govanianum var. bicolo (Apiaceae); LI JIANG QIAN HU;Likiang Hogfennel. Isolated compounds: 1346, 7707, 12800, 14894,17030, 17375, 18165, 18317, 20156, 20280.T4757 Peucedanum grande (Apiaceae); DA QIAN HU; Big Hogfennel*.Isolated compounds: 2833.T4758 Peucedanum guangxiense (Apiaceae); GUANG XI QIAN HU;Guangxi Hogfennel. Isolated compounds: 17763.T4759 Peucedanum hispanicum (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 16263.T4760 Peucedanum japonicum (Apiaceae); BIN HAI QIAN HU; JapanHogfennel. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and relievecough, disinhibit urine and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, damp-heat strangury pain, red swollen sore and welling abscess.Isolated compounds: 17032, 17763.T4761 Peucedanum longshengens (Apiaceae); NAN LING QIAN HU;Nanling Hogfennel. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelicadecursiva. TCM Indications: See Angelica decursiva. Isolatedcompounds: 476.T4762 Peucedanum mashanens (Apiaceae); MA SHAN QIAN HU; MashanHogfennel. Isolated compounds: 9204.T4763 Peucedanum morisonii (Apiaceae); ZHUN GE ER QIAN HU;Dzungaria Hogfennel*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand dissipate cold, rectify qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, cough, stomach cold distending painIsolated compounds: 17028.T4764 Peucedanum officinale (Apiaceae); YAO YONG QIAN HU; Hog’sFennel. Isolated compounds: 17028.T4765 Peucedanum oreoselinum (Apiaceae); SHAN QIAN HU; MountainParsley. Isolated compounds: 12747, 17036.T4766 Peucedanum ostruthium (Apiaceae); OU QIAN HU; Masterwort.Isolated compounds: 11001, 16261, 16263, 16264.T4767 Peucedanum palustre (Apiaceae); ZHAO ZE QIAN HU; MarshParsley. Isolated compounds: 16263, 16457.T4768 Peucedanum praeruptorum (Apiaceae); BAI HUA QIAN HU;

521Whiteflower Hogfennel. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelicadecursiva. TCM Indications: See Angelica decursiva. Isolatedcompounds: 317, 1239, 1536, 2107, 2309, 8095, 11688, 15645, 15647,17029, 17031, 17033, 17756, 17757, 17758, 17759, 17760, 17761,17762, 17763, 17764, 18086, 18282, 18283, 18284, 18285, 18286,22774.T4769 Peucedanum rubricaule (Apiaceae); YUN QIAN HU; Yun Hogfennel.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelica decursiva. TCMIndications: See Angelica decursiva. Isolated compounds: 359, 438,4193, 5039, 11001, 11346, 13571, 13687, 14825, 16261, 19040, 19984,20280, 22775.T4770 Peucedanum ruthenicum (Apiaceae); E GUO QIAN HU; RussianHogfennel*. Isolated compounds: 17028.T4771 Peucedanum sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 1960.T4772 Peucedanum stenocarpum (Apiaceae); XIA GUO QIAN HU;Narrowfruit Hogfennel*. Isolated compounds: 2833, 17028.T4773 Peucedanum terebinthaceum (Apiaceae); SHI FANG FENG;Terebinthaceous Hogfennel. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todissipate wind and clear heat, downbear qi and disperse phlegm. TCMIndications: Common cold, cough, phlegm asthma, head winddizziness. Isolated compounds: 13571.T4774 Peumus boldus (Monimiaceae); BO LU DU SHU; Boldo. Isolatedcompounds: 2538, 11256.T4775 Pfaffia paniculata BA XI REN SHEN. Isolated compounds: 17037,17038.T4776 Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 17039.T4777 Phalaris arundinacea (Poaceae); YI CAO; Reed Canary-grass. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To regulate menstruation and checkdischarge. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder, red and white vaginaldischarge. Isolated compounds: 6370, 8971, 9646.T4778 Phallus impudicus (Phallaceae); BAI GUI BI; Stinking Polecat, WoodWitch. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain. Isolated compounds: 17090.T4779 Pharbitis nil (Convolvulaceae); QIAN NIU ZI; Lobedleaf PharbitisSeed. Equivalent plant: Pharbitis purpurea. Used part: seed. TCMEffects: To drain water and free stool, disperse accumulation and killworms. TCM Indications: Edema distention fullness, inhibited urineand stool, phlegm-rheum and accumulation-gathering, qi counterflowwith cough and asthma, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation,ascariasis, taeniasis. Isolated compounds: 3477, 6765, 8095, 8372,8373, 8377, 11582, 13257, 15597, 16808, 16884, 17043, 17044.T4780 Pharbitis purpurea (Convolvulaceae); YUAN YE QIAN NIU ZI;Roundleaf Pharbitis Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: SeePharbitis nil. TCM Indications: See Pharbitis nil. Isolated compounds:8372, 8373, 8374, 8377.Phaseolus angularis = Vigna angularisT4781 Phaseolus coccineus (Fabaceae); DUO HUA CAI DOU; ScarletRunner Bean. Isolated compounds: 13439.T4782 Phaseolus multiflorus (Fabaceae); HONG HUA CAI DOU; RunnerBean. Isolated compounds: 15708, 17045.T4783 Phaseolus sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1048.T4784 Phaseolus spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 17047.T4785 Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae); BAI FAN DOU; Kidney Bean. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To enrich and nourish, resolve heat, disinhibiturine, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Summerheat-heat vexationand thirst, edema, beriberi. Isolated compounds: 618, 3040, 3594,4451, 5010, 5027, 7384, 8012, 8753, 11551, 12083, 12714, 12718,16781, 17027, 17048, 17049, 17425, 17913, 19238, 19239, 20129,20369.T4786 Phasianus colchicus (Phasianidae); ZHI; Common Pheasant. Used part:meat. TCM Effects: To supplement center and boost qi, engenderliquid and allay thirst. TCM Indications: Spleen vacuity diarrhea,distention fullness in chest and abdomen, diabetes mellitus, frequenturination, phlegm asthma, fistula. Isolated compounds: 13504, 15949.T4787 Phellinus igniarius (Polyporaceae); SANG HUANG; Phellinusigniarius. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding,quicken blood, transform rheum, check diarrhea. TCM Indications:Flooding, blood strangury, prolapse of rectum with bleeding, vaginaldischarge, amenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 700, 2887, 5763, 6075,6201, 7250, 9567, 9815, 11081, 11413, 15954, 17059, 17060, 17061,17062, 17063, 17064, 17968, 20566.T4788 Phellinus linteus (Polyporaceae); LIE TI MU CENG KONG JUN.Isolated compounds: 9561.T4789 Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae); HUANG BAI; Amur Corktree.Equivalent plant: Phellodendron chinense, Phellodendron chinense var.Glabriusculum, Phellodendron amurense var. wilsonii. Used part: bark.TCM Effects: To drain fire, dispel damp and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Damp-heat dysentery, tuberculosis, epidemic meningitis,acute conjunctivitis, trachoma, fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea,suppurative hematochezia, tenesmus, jaundice, yellow thick foulleukorrhagia, swelling pain in knees and feet, urinary tract infection,boil, sore, ulcer, eczema, mouth sore, hemorrhoids, burns, scalds,exuberance of fire with tidal fever, tidal fever with night sweat,emission. Isolated compounds: 1091, 2303, 3040, 3070, 4969, 4971,9428, 11851, 12226, 13374, 13716, 15598, 15761, 15882, 15883,15884, 16555, 17053, 17057, 17058, 17065, 17066, 17078, 19983.T4790 Phellodendron amurense var. wilsonii (Rutaceae); TAI WAN HUANGBO; Taiwan Corktree*. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: SeePhellodendron amurense. TCM Indications: See Phellodendronamurense. Isolated compounds: 874, 1091, 1764, 1935, 5063, 9815,9818, 10195, 11642, 12020, 12847, 13097, 14205, 14254, 14443,14652, 14673, 15448, 16257, 16399, 17052, 17053, 17067, 17068,17069, 17072, 17073, 17076, 18317, 19542, 19627, 19784, 19983,20034, 21266, 21634, 22195, 22332.T4791 Phellodendron chinense (Rutaceae); HUANG PI SHU; ChineseCorktree. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Phellodendron amurense.TCM Indications: See Phellodendron amurense. Isolated compounds:2303, 13374, 15598, 15599, 16555, 17065, 17070, 17071, 17075,17480.T4792 Phellodendron chinense var. glabriusculum (Rutaceae); TU YEHUANG PI SHU; Glabrousleaf Chinese Corktree. Used part: bark.TCM Effects: See Phellodendron amurense. TCM Indications: SeePhellodendron amurense. Isolated compounds: 4122, 13374, 17065,19983, 21077.T4793 Phellodendron japonicum (Rutaceae); RI BEN HUANG BAI; Japan

522Corktree*. Isolated compounds: 315, 481, 663, 874, 1091, 2224, 2887,3723, 3936, 4135, 4189, 6954, 7951, 8983, 9815, 9818, 13097, 14141,14205, 14254, 14652, 17053, 17066, 17074, 18317, 19081, 19540,19542, 19983, 22195, 22332.T4794 Phellodendron sachalinense (Rutaceae); KU YE DAO HUANG BAI;Sachaline Corktree*. Isolated compounds: 17078.T4795 Phellodendron spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 15761.T4796 Pheretima aspergillum; Allolobophora caliginosa trapezoides(Megascolecidae;Lumbricidae); QIU YIN; Earthworm. Used part:body. TCM Effects: To clear heat, calm liver, calm asthma, freenetwork vessels, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Ardent feverand manic agitation, fright wind and convulsion, wind-heat headache,red eyes, wind stroke with hemiplegia, chronic bronchitis, asthma,bronchial asthma, hypertension, throat impediment, pain in joints, gumhemorrhage, urinary stoppage, scrofula, epidemic parotitis, sore.Isolated compounds: 3585, 9067, 9070, 10913, 22756.T4797 Phillyrea latifolia (Oleaceae); KUO YE OU NV ZFEN; Tree Phyllirea.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To promote contraction, disinhibit urine.[5509]TCM Indications: Headache. [5509] Isolated compounds: 17145,18792, 20569.T4798 Philonotis fontana (Bartramiaceae); ZE XIAN. Used part: plant body.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Swelling pain in throat, common cold, cough, swelling welling abscessand sore and boil, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 5692, 17147.T4799 Philydrum lanuginosum (Philydraceae); TIAN CONG; WoollyPhilydrum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andtransform damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Edema, heatimpediment, toxin swelling of sores, scab and lichen, beriberi, foot rot.Isolated compounds: 2843, 11659, 19087, 20562.T4800 Phlegmariurus fordii (Huperziaceae); HUA NAN MA WEI SHAN;Fordi Phlegmariurus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and free network vessels, disperse swelling and relieve pain,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in joints,numbness in limbs, knocks and falls, cough and asthma, heat strangury,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 7879, 17154, 17155, 17156,17157, 17158.T4801 Phlegmariurus phlegmaria [Syn. Lycopodium phlegmaria](Huperziaceae); MA WEI SHAN; Slender Phlegmariurus. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls, fever and sore pharynx, edema, urticaria. Isolatedcompounds: 13188, 13193, 13220, 13221, 17148, 17149, 17150,17151, 17152, 17153, 19770.T4802 Phleum pratense (Poaceae); TI MU CAO; Timothy. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Indications: Indigestion, diarrhea, dysentery, dribbling painof urination. Isolated compounds: 7768.T4803 Phlogacanthus curviflorus (Acanthaceae); HUO YAN HUA;Curvedflower Phlogacanthus. Used part: root or whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, interrupt malaria. TCMIndications: Heat toxin swollen welling abscess, malaria. Isolatedcompounds: 85, 2331, 4680, 13098, 17159, 17160, 17161, 17162,17163, 19983, 20556.T4804 Phlojodicarpus sibiricus (Apiaceae); ZHANG GUO QIN; SiberianPhlojodicarpus. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Angelica sinensis.TCM Indications: See Angelica sinensis. Isolated compounds: 5707,22552.T4805 Phlojodicarpus sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22552.T4806 Phlomis aurea (Lamiaceae); JIN HUANG CAO SU; GoldenyellowJerusalemsage*. Isolated compounds: 2279, 6998, 10085, 17167.T4807 Phlomis brunneogaleata (Lamiaceae); ZONG KUI CAO SU. Isolatedcompounds: 580, 2683, 2920, 2924, 3166, 3551, 3609, 3674, 7925,9750, 11128, 11195, 12916, 18221.T4808 Phlomis grandiflora var. grandiflora (Lamiaceae); DA HUA CAO SU;Largeflower Jerusalemsage. Isolated compounds: 17164.T4809 Phlomis lunariifolia (Lamiaceae); XIN YUE XING YE CAO SU.Isolated compounds: 13074, 13075, 13138.T4810 Phlomis mongolica (Lamiaceae); MENG GU CAO SU; MongolianJerusalemsage. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Rheumatic arthritis, common cold, knocks and falls,vacuity and fever. Isolated compounds: 511, 6997, 19782.T4811 Phlomis pungens (Lamiaceae); CI CAO SU; Pungent Jerusalemsage*.Isolated compounds: 8289.Phlomis rotata = Lamiophlomis rotataT4812 Phlomis spinidens (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17165, 17166.T4813 Phlomis tuberosa (Lamiaceae); KUAI JING CAO SU; TuberousrootJerusalemsage. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: Toresolve toxin and disperse swelling, quicken blood and regulatemenstruation. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder, syphilis, swellingof sores. Isolated compounds: 1494, 2887, 2906, 2918.T4814 Phlomis umbrosa (Lamiaceae); CAO SU; Jerusalemsage. Used part:whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and transformphlegm, disinhibit damp and eliminate impediment, dispel phlegm,resolve toxin, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold,cough and abundant phlegm, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks andfalls, swelling and toxin of sore and welling abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 8597, 10494, 19574.T4815 Phoebe chemensii (Lauraceae); CHE SHI NAN; Chemens Phoebe*.Isolated compounds: 13631.T4816 Phoebe cinnamomifolia (Lauraceae); YU GUO XIAO YE NAN;Cinnamomi-leaf Phoebe*. Isolated compounds: 16414.T4817 Phoebe molicella (Lauraceae). Isolated compounds: 21246.T4818 Phoebe nanmu (Lauraceae); NAN MU; Nanmu. Used part: woodbranchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To harmonize center and downbearcounterflow, check vomiting and diarrhea, disinhibit water anddisperse edema. TCM Indications: Vomiting and diarrhea with cramp,edema. Isolated compounds: 16396.T4819 Phoenix canariensis (Arecaceae); ZHEN KUI; Canary IslandDate-palm. Isolated compounds: 21589.T4820 Phoenix dactylifera (Arecaceae); WU LOU ZI; Phoenix Date. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To boost qi and supplement vacuity, dispersefood and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Cough with phlegm,vacuity detriment. Isolated compounds: 2923, 3585, 7387, 7819,13100.T4821 Pholidota articulata (Orchidaceae); JIE JING SHI XIAN TAO;Articulate Pholidota. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To enrich

523yin and boost qi, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Lung vacuity cough, prolapse of uterus, dizziness,headache, emission, leukorrhea, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, knocks and falls, fracture with wound sinew. Isolated compounds:7811.T4822 Pholidota rubra (Orchidaceae); HONG SHI XIAN TAO; RubiPholidota*. Isolated compounds: 17176.T4823 Pholidota yunnanensis (Orchidaceae); YUN NAN SHI XIAN TAO;Yunnan Pholidota. Used part: Pseudobulb or whole herb. TCM Effects:To moisten lung and relieve cough, dissipate stasis and relieve pain,clear heat and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis andhemoptysis, lung heat cough, chest and rib-side pain, stomachache,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, wind-damp pain. Isolatedcompounds: 4519, 4529, 17175, 17196, 17197, 17198, 17199, 17200,17201.T4824 Phoma lingam JING DIAN MEI. Isolated compounds: 17177, 17178,17179, 17180, 17604, 17605, 17606, 17607, 17608.T4825 Phormium tenax (Agavaceae); XIN XI LAN MA; New Zealand Flax.Isolated compounds: 7736, 11355.T4826 Photinia lactiflora (Rosaceae); MAO HUA SHI NAN; HairyflowerPhotinia*. Isolated compounds: 1935.T4827 Photinia parvifolia (Rosaceae); XIAO YE SHI NAN; Small-leafPhotinia*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: jaundice(icterus, ICT), mammary welling abscess, toothache. Isolatedcompounds: 6250, 8624, 9023, 9024, 10014, 11726.T4828 Photinia serrulata (Rosaceae); SHI NAN; Chinese Photinia. Used part:tender branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, relieve itch,strengthen sinews and bones, boost liver and kidney. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, head wind headache, wind papules[=rubella], weekness in legs and knees, kidney vacuity lumbar pain,impotence with emission. Isolated compounds: 16050, 22270.T4829 Phragmites communis (Poaceae); LU GEN; Common Reed Rhizome.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and engender liquid,eliminate vexation, check vomiting, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, stomach heat vomiting, lungheat cough, pulmonary welling abscess, heat strangury with inhibitedpain. Isolated compounds: 3907, 3925, 18834, 21589, 22554.T4830 Phryma leptostachya (Phrymataceae); LAO PO ZI ZHEN XIAN;Lopseed. Used part: herb or root. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin andkill worms. TCM Indications: Scab sore, yellow-water sore, sore toxin.Isolated compounds: 12680, 17203.T4831 Phtheirospermum japonicum [Syn. Geradia japonica](Scrophulariaceae); SONG HAO; Japanese Phtheirospermum. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Jaundice, edema, wind-heat commoncold, mouth sore, nasitis, swelling toxin of sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 12725, 17513.T4832 Phyllanthus acuminatus (Euphorbiaceae); JIAN YE YE XIA ZHU;Sharpleaf Leafflower*. Isolated compounds: 11978, 17216, 17217,17218, 17219.T4833 Phyllanthus discoides (Euphorbiaceae); PAN ZHUANG YE XIA ZHU;Discoid Leafflower*. Isolated compounds: 19639.T4834 Phyllanthus emblica (Euphorbiaceae); AN MO LE; Emblic Leafflower.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and transform phlegm,engender liquid and allay thirst, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, cough, throat pain, diphtheria, enteritis,diarrhea, eczema, heat vexation and thirst. Isolated compounds: 3176,3490, 3491, 3492, 3493, 4055, 5517, 5518, 5519, 6239, 6730, 6819,6853, 6921, 7402, 8030, 8096, 8098, 8108, 8109, 8311, 9502, 13098,13420, 13423, 15007, 15008, 15009, 15010, 15011, 15012, 15013,15014, 15015, 15016, 15017, 15362, 17171, 17205, 17206, 17207,17208, 17209, 17210, 17211, 17212, 17213, 17898, 17899, 18203,18228, 20969, 21053.T4835 Phyllanthus emblica (Euphorbiaceae); YOU GAN GEN; EmblicLeafflower Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications:Diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, scrofula, eczema of skin, centipede bite.Isolated compounds: 13098.T4836 Phyllanthus emblica (Euphorbiaceae); YOU GAN MU PI; EmblicLeafflower Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Mouth sore, clove sore, hemorrhoids, scrotal eczema, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 3490, 3493, 4055, 5519, 8095,8108, 13098.T4837 Phyllanthus emblica (Euphorbiaceae); YOU GAN YE; EmblicLeafflower Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit damp and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Mouth sore, clove sore, eczema, dermatitis, edema, hypertension,poisonous snake bite, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1065,1764, 3490, 3493, 4055, 5519, 6923, 7278, 7279, 7282, 7285, 8095,8108, 11642, 12020, 12082, 13098, 14200, 14345, 15063, 15184,15279, 15280, 15281, 16836, 18003, 18317, 18411, 19087, 21053,21054, 22078.T4838 Phyllanthus flexuosus (Euphorbiaceae); LUO E YE XIA ZHU;Flexuose Leafflower*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCMIndications: Allergic dermatitis, infantile night crying, snake bite,wind-damp. Isolated compounds: 2331, 13094, 13098.T4839 Phyllanthus myritifolius (Euphorbiaceae); YIN DU SI LI LAN KAYE XIA ZHU; Indian-Sri-Lankan Leafflower*. Isolated compounds:18662.T4840 Phyllanthus niruri (Euphorbiaceae); ZHU ZI CAO; Nirur Leafflower*.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit damp,transform phlegm and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Jaundice,diarrhea, dysentery, heat strangury, stone strangury, edema, phlegmcough, red eyes with gall, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds:15622, 15623, 15624, 15625, 15626, 15627, 17215, 17231, 18624.T4841 Phyllanthus piscatorum (Euphorbiaceae); YU FU YE XIA ZHU;Fisherman Leafflower*. Isolated compounds: 11978, 17478.T4842 Phyllanthus reticulatus (Euphorbiaceae); LONG YAN JING;Reticulate Leafflower*. Used part: root, stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Todispel wind, disinhibit damp and quicken blood. TCM Indications:Pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, hepatitis, nephritis, enteritis,dysentery, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 18265.T4843 Phyllanthus urinaria (Euphorbiaceae); YE XIA ZHU; Common

524Leafflower. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and calm liver, disinhibit water and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Cough, enteritis, dysentery, infective hepatitis, nephritiswith edema, urinary tract infection, child gan accumulation, acuteconjunctivitis nephelium, mouth sore, head sore, innominate toxinswelling. Isolated compounds: 4055, 5052, 5282, 8095, 12020, 14160,17223, 17224, 18317, 19087, 21956, 22257, 22258.T4844 Phyllostachys edulis (Poaceae); MENG ZONG ZHU; Edible Bamboo.Isolated compounds: 17229, 17230.T4845 Physalis alkekengi (Solanaceae); SUAN JIANG; Japanese-lantern.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit pharynx and larynx, disinhibit urine and free stool. TCMIndications: Acute tonsillitis, swelling pain in throat, laryngealinfection in children, lung heat cough, jaundice, dysentery, edema,dribbling urination, fecal stoppage, yellow-water sore, eczema,erysipelas. Isolated compounds: 4293, 17239, 17240, 17241, 17242,21372.T4846 Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii (Solanaceae); GUA JIN DENG;Franchet Groundcherry. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Heat cough,throat pain, jaundice, dysentery, edema, clove sore, erysipelas. Isolatedcompounds: 12488, 17243, 17244, 17245, 17246, 21372.T4847 Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii (Solanaceae); GUA JIN DENG GEN;Franchet Groundcherry Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit water. TCM Indications: Malaria, jaundice,mounting qi. Isolated compounds: 17238.T4848 Physalis angulata (Solanaceae); KU ZHI; Cutleaf Groundcherry. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit urine, resolvetoxin, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold, lung heatcough, swelling pain in throat, gum swelling and pain, damp-heatjaundice, dysentery, edema, heat strangury, heaven-borne sore, clovesore. Isolated compounds: 17240.T4849 Physalis chenopodifolia (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 17232,17233, 17234, 17235, 17236.T4850 Physalis ixocarpa (Solanaceae); NIAN XING GUO SHI SUANJIANG. Isolated compounds: 11804.T4851 Physalis minima (Solanaceae); TIAN PAO ZI; Little Groundcherry.Used part: whole herb or fruit. TCM Effects: To percolate damp andkill worms. TCM Indications: Jaundice, inhibited urination, chroniccough and asthma, gan disease, scrofula, heaven-borne sore, dampsore. Isolated compounds: 7187, 22716, 22717.T4852 Physalis peruviana (Solanaceae); DENG LONG CAO; PeruvianGroundcherry. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andmove qi, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Common cold, epidemic parotitis, throat pain, cough, abdominaldistention, mounting qi, heaven-borne sore. Isolated compounds: 1563,1567, 6731, 7214, 8637, 16858, 16995, 18390, 18391.T4853 Physalis philadelphica (Solanaceae); FEI CHENG SUAN JIANG;Philadelphia Groundcherry*. Isolated compounds: 1391, 1392, 1451,1452, 1453, 1454, 1455, 1456, 3568, 5657, 5671, 5672, 10827, 11804,21834, 22705, 22715.T4854 Physalis pubescens (Solanaceae); KU ZHI; Downy Groundcherry.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Common cold, lung heat cough,swelling pain in throat, gum swelling, damp-heat jaundice, dysentery,edema, heat strangury, heaven-borne sore, clove sore. Isolatedcompounds: 17238.T4855 Physeter catodon (Physeteridae); LONG XIAN XIANG; Ammbergris.Used part: dried secretion in intestines of sperm whales. TCM Effects:To transform phlegm and calm asthma, move qi and dissipate binds,disinhibit water and free strangury. TCM Indications: Qi counterflowwith cough and asthma, oppression in chest and qi bind, concretionconglomeration accumulation and gathering, pain in heart andabdomen, clouded spirit, strangury syndrome. Isolated compounds:21046.T4856 Physeter catodon (Physeteridae); MO XIANG JING; Cachalot.Isolated compounds: 1026.T4857 Physochlaina alaica (Solanaceae); YI PAO NANG CAO; WingedPhysochlaina*. Isolated compounds: 2218.T4858 Physochlaina infundibularis (Solanaceae); LOU DOU PAO NANGCAO; Funneled Physochlaina. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelphlegm, relieve cough and calm asthma. TCM Indications: Cough andasthma with abundant phlegm. Isolated compounds: 2001.T4859 Physochlaina physaloides (Solanaceae); PAO NANG CAO; CommonPhysochlaina. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dispel damp and kill worms (herb), warmcenter and supplement vacuity, quiet spirit and settle asthma (root).TCM Indications: Otitis media, nasosinusitis, swelling pain in throat,swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, headache (herb), vacuitycold diarrhea, taxation damage, cough of phlegm asthma, disquietedheart spirit (root). Isolated compounds: 4417, 15416.T4860 Physostigma venenosum (Fabaceae); DU BIAN DOU; DeadlyCalabarbean. Isolated compounds: 7379, 7380, 7381, 17253, 20369.Phytolacca acinosa = Phytolacca esculentaT4861 Phytolacca americana [Syn. Phytolacca decandra] (Phytolaccaceae);MEI SHANG LU; American Pokeweed. Used part: root. TCM Effects:See Phytolacca esculenta. TCM Indications: See Phytolacca esculenta.Isolated compounds: 266, 1034, 1035, 1036, 2322, 7368, 7370, 7374,8750, 11209, 11210, 11211, 14132, 16050, 16299, 16569, 16570,17266, 17267, 17268, 17269, 17270, 17271, 17770, 18322, 20168,22768, 22822.Phytolacca decandra = Phytolacca americanaT4862 Phytolacca dioica (Phytolaccaceae); A GEN TING SHANG LU;Ombutree Pokeberry. Isolated compounds: 16093.T4863 Phytolacca dodecandra (Phytolaccaceae); SHI ER RUI SHANG LU;Decapistil Pokeweed*. Isolated compounds: 2179, 12621, 16044.T4864 Phytolacca esculenta [Syn. Phytolacca acinosa] (Phytolaccaceae);SHANG LU; Indian Pokeweed. Equivalent plant: Phytolaccaamericana. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To expel water and disperseswelling, disinhibit urine and free stool, resolve toxin and dissipatebinds. TCM Indications: Edema distention fullness, urinary and fecalstoppage, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 471, 545, 546, 547, 548, 7025, 7368, 7369, 7370, 7371,7372, 7373, 7374, 9568, 11421, 11812.T4865 Phytolacca icosandra (Phytolaccaceae); ER SHI RUI SHANG LU;Icosandrous Pokeweed*. Isolated compounds: 19333, 19334, 19335,

52519336, 19337, 19338, 19339, 19340, 19341.T4866 Phytolacca octandra (Phytolaccaceae); AO ZHOU SHANG LU;Octapistil Pokeweed*. Isolated compounds: 22903.T4867 Phytolacca polyandra (Phytolaccaceae); DUO XIONG RUI SHANGLU; Polyandrous Pokeweed. Isolated compounds: 4533.T4868 Phytolacca spp. (Phytolaccaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642, 17267.T4869 Picea abies (Pinaceae); OU ZHOU YUN SHAN; Common Spruce.Isolated compounds: 4140, 11673, 17278.T4870 Picea glehnii (Pinaceae); SA HA LIN YUN SHAN; Saghalin Spruce.Isolated compounds: 10583, 17283, 17409, 18643.T4871 Picea jezoensis (Pinaceae); RI BEN YU LIN SONG; Yeddo Spruce.Isolated compounds: 7145, 7166, 7169, 10702, 14091, 17409.T4872 Picea jezoensis var. jezoensis (Pinaceae); YU LIN YUN SHAN;Yeddo Spruce. Isolated compounds: 7167, 14090.T4873 Picea koraiensis (Pinaceae); HONG PI YUN SHAN; Korean Spruce.Used part: Branch-leaf and bark. TCM Effects: To expel wind andeliminate damp. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain.Isolated compounds: 5763.T4874 Picea morrisonicola (Pinaceae); TAI WAN YUN SHAN; TaiwanSpruce. Isolated compounds: 271, 16307, 17275, 17276, 17277.T4875 Picea obovata (Pinaceae); XI BO LI YA YUN SHAN; Siberian Spruce.Isolated compounds: 11314, 15360.T4876 Picea sitchensis (Pinaceae); XI TE KA YUN SHAN; Sitka Spruce.Isolated compounds: 17456.T4877 Picea sp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 1951, 3194, 13594, 15555.T4878 Picea spp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 17287.Picrasma ailanthoides = Picrasma quassioidesT4879 Picrasma crenata (Simaroubaceae); YUAN CHI KU MU; CrenateQuassiawood*. Isolated compounds: 3096, 3158.T4880 Picrasma excelsa (Simaroubaceae); YA MAI JIA KU MU; JamaicaQuassiawood. Isolated compounds: 15549, 15561.T4881 Picrasma quassioides [Syn. Picrasma ailanthoides] (Simaroubaceae);KU MU; Indian Quassiawood. Used part: wood. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, dry damp and kill worms. TCMIndications: Infection of upper respiratory tract, pneumonia, acutegastroenteritis, dysentery, sore and boil, scab and lichen, eczema,burns and scalds, infection of biliary tract, poisonous insect stings.Isolated compounds: 344, 3096, 3156, 3158, 7908, 12334, 12335,15454, 15542, 15546, 15547, 15552, 15554, 15555, 15561, 17327,18299.T4882 Picrasma quassioides [Syn. Picrasma ailanthoides] (Simaroubaceae);KU SHU PI; Indian Quassiawood Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects:To clear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Bacillary dysentery, infection of biliary tract, suppurativeinfection, scab and lichen, eczema, snake bite. Isolated compounds:3096, 3156, 3158, 3159, 3160, 3161, 5418, 6152, 6257, 6297, 7433,7459, 7898, 10479, 10584, 10770, 12332, 12333, 12334, 12335,12373, 14211, 14218, 14520, 15454, 15542, 15543, 15544, 15545,15546, 15547, 15548, 15550, 15551, 15552, 15553, 15554, 15555,15556, 15557, 15558, 15559, 15560, 15561, 17298, 17299, 17300,17301, 17302, 17303, 17305, 17306, 17307, 17308, 17309, 17310,17311, 17312, 17313, 17314, 17315, 17316, 17317, 17318, 17319,17320, 17321, 17322, 17323, 17324, 17325, 17326, 17327, 18299,19900, 21407, 22516.T4883 Picrasma sp. (Simaroubaceae). Isolated compounds: 15454.T4884 Picria felterrae (Scrophulariaceae); KU XUAN SHEN; CommonBitterfigwort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, swelling pain in throat, mumps, swollen boil,diarrhea and dysentery, hemorrhoids, eczema, poisonous snake bites,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 4883, 9517, 17288, 17289,17290, 17291, 17292, 17293, 17294, 17295, 21985.T4885 Picris kamtschatica (Asteraceae); KAN CHA JIA MAO LIAN CAI;Kamchatka Oxtongue. Isolated compounds: 6143, 10012.T4886 Picrodendron baccatum JIANG GUO KU SHU. Isolated compounds:17332, 17333, 17334, 17335, 17336.T4887 Picrorhiza kurrooa (Scrophulariaceae); HU HUANG LIAN; Picrorhiza.Equivalent plant: Picrorhiza scrophulariaeflora. Used part: rhizome.TCM Effects: To lower vacuity heat, eliminate gan fever, clear heatand dry damp, drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Steaming bone tidal fever due to yin vacuity, night sweating, child ganaccumulation, indigestion, abdominal distention and emaciation,dysentery, fever, gastrointestinal damp-heat diarrhea, hemorrhoids.Isolated compounds: 117, 1162, 1826, 1827, 5763, 7768, 9476, 9477,12376, 13504, 14871, 16821, 16853, 17287, 17344, 17345, 17346,22341, 22415.T4888 Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Scrophulariaceae); XI ZANG HUHUANG LIAN; Figwortflower Picrorhiza. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: See Picrorhiza kurrooa. TCM Indications: See Picrorhizakurrooa. Isolated compounds: 1162, 2004, 3306, 3695, 6081, 7768,7773, 9347, 10442, 13504, 17344, 17345, 17510, 17511, 17287,17483, 17484, 17485, 19572, 19573, 22332.T4889 Pieris formosa (Ericaceae); MEI LI MA ZUI MU; Taiwan Pieris*.Isolated compounds: 17353, 17354, 17355, 17356, 17357.T4890 Pieris japonica (Ericaceae); RI BEN MA ZUI MU; Japanese Pieris.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To kill worms. TCM Indications: Scabsore. Isolated compounds: 1848, 1849, 1850, 8994, 17170.T4891 Pilocarpus jaborandi (Rutaceae); MAO GUO YUN XIANG. Isolatedcompounds: 17360.T4892 Pimelea prostrata (Thymelaeaceae); PING WO DAO HUA; ProstrateRice-flower*. Isolated compounds: 17958.T4893 Pimelea simplex (Thymelaeaceae); DAN ZHI DAO HUA; SimplexRice-flower*. Isolated compounds: 19902.T4894 Pimenta dioica (Myrtaceae); DUO XIANG GUO; Allspice. Isolatedcompounds: 3559, 7521.T4895 Pimpinella anisum (Apiaceae); HUI QIN; Anise. Isolated compounds:1184, 1185, 1186, 1282, 4234, 5172, 7389, 7522, 9025, 9026, 9027,9513, 9740, 9784, 9916, 10454, 10631, 10632, 10633, 10634, 10635,14059, 14420, 14421, 14422, 14423, 14424, 14425, 14426, 14427,14476, 14735.T4896 Pimpinella aurea (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14603.T4897 Pimpinella corymbosa (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14029,17925.T4898 Pimpinella isaurica (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14028, 14030,14079, 17924, 17926.T4899 Pimpinella magna (Apiaceae); DA HUI QIN; Big Anise*. Isolated

526compounds: 11249, 17375.T4900 Pimpinella saxifraga (Apiaceae); HU ER CAO YE HUI QIN;Burnet-saxifrage. Isolated compounds: 11249, 17375.T4901 Pimpinella sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22195.T4902 Pimpinella thelungiana (Apiaceae); YANG HONG SHAN; ThellungPimpinella. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To boost qiand fortify spleen, nourish heart and quiet spirit, relieve cough anddispel phlegm. TCM Indications: Kersan disease, palpitation andshortness of breath, cough. Isolated compounds: 7406, 7407, 14003,16895, 16896, 21308, 21309.T4903 Pinellia pedatisecta (Araceae); ZHANG YE BAN XIA; PedatePinellia. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: See Arisaema consanguineum.TCM Indications: See Arisaema consanguineum. Isolated compounds:618, 4463, 4464, 4510, 4526, 7334, 10520, 10913, 11631, 14752,14780, 14802, 16759, 16760, 17095, 17906, 17907, 19983, 22237,22329.T4904 Pinellia ternata (Araceae); BAN XIA; Ternate Pinellia. Used part:tuber. TCM Effects: To eliminate damp and resolve cold phlegm,downbear counterflow and check vomiting, disperse glomus anddissipate binds. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma with abundantphlegm, vomiting nausea, glomus in chest, dizziness, headache,vexation and agitation in night, goiters with phlegm node, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 832,1047, 1673, 1886, 2458, 3589, 3988, 4680, 5763, 6815, 8672, 8817,9071, 9380, 9569, 9608, 13823, 14225, 14334, 15981, 16835, 16862,17093, 17905, 17968, 19759, 19983, 19987, 21342, 21662, 22169,22324.T4905 Pinus aristata (Pinaceae); CI GUO SONG; Bristlecone Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 3600.T4906 Pinus armandii (Pinaceae); HUA SHAN SONG; Armand Pine. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: See Pinus massoniana. TCM Indications: SeePinus massoniana. Isolated compounds: 16316.T4907 Pinus armandii var. mastersiana (Pinaceae); TAI WAN GUO SONG;Masters Pine. Isolated compounds: 17422.T4908 Pinus bungeana (Pinaceae); BAI PI SONG; Lacebark Pine. Used part:cone. TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm, relieve cough, calm asthma.TCM Indications: Chronic trachitis, asthma, cough and shortness ofbreath, abundant phlegm. Isolated compounds: 12843.T4909 Pinus cembra (Pinaceae); RUI SHI SHI SONG; Arolla Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 17403.T4910 Pinus excelsa (Pinaceae); QIAO GUI; Bhutan Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 3600.T4911 Pinus kesiya (Pinaceae); KA XI YA SONG; Khasya Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 17056.T4912 Pinus koraiensis (Pinaceae); HAI SONG ZI; Korean Pine Seed. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To moisten dryness, nourish blood, dispelwind. TCM Indications: Dry cough due to lung dryness, vacuityconstipation, joints wind, wind impediment. Isolated compounds: 711,3194, 3385, 6293, 6482, 6937, 11314, 12455, 12843, 14285, 14548,15332, 15735, 15736, 16555, 17390, 17426.T4913 Pinus koraiensis (Pinaceae); HONG SONG; Korean Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 17422.T4914 Pinus laricio (Pinaceae); KE XI JIA SONG; Corsican Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 7768.T4915 Pinus maritime (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 5699.T4916 Pinus massoniana (Pinaceae); MA WEI SONG YE; Masson Pine Leaf.Equivalent plant: Pinus armandii. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and dry damp, kill worms and relieve itch, quicken bloodand quiet spirit. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,beriberi, damp sore, lichen, wind papule itching, knocks and falls,neurasthenia, chronic nephritis, hypertension, prevention of influenzaand encephalitis B. Isolated compounds: 10996, 13582, 13583, 13584,13585, 13586, 13587, 13588, 17376.T4917 Pinus massoniana (Pinaceae); SONG XIANG; Colophony. Used part:residue left after distillation of turpentine oil from crude oleo-resin ofvarious spp. of Pinus. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dry damp,expel pus and draw out toxin, engender flesh and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Malign sores with welling abscess and flat abscess,scrofula, fistula, scab and lichen, bald white scalp sore, leprosy,impediment, incised wound, sprain, leukorrhea, thromboangiitisobliterans (Buerger’s disease), clove sore, hemorrhoids, itchy skin.Isolated compounds: 10, 15333, 16572.T4918 Pinus monticola (Pinaceae); JIA ZHOU SHAN SONG; CalifornianMountain Pine. Isolated compounds: 3600.T4919 Pinus palustris (Pinaceae); CHANG YE SONG; Long-leaved Pine.Isolated compounds: 11600, 12955, 15805, 15806.T4920 Pinus radiata (Pinaceae); FU SHE SONG; Montery Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 3767, 7751, 15663, 17055, 17888.T4921 Pinus resinosa (Pinaceae); DUO ZHI SONG; Red Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 9740.T4922 Pinus rigida (Pinaceae); GANG SONG; Northern Pitch Pine. Isolatedcompounds: 18641.T4923 Pinus sibirica (Pinaceae); XI BO LI YA HONG SONG; Siberian StonePine. Isolated compounds: 11314, 17422, 18643, 18650.T4924 Pinus sp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 1074, 1282, 5694, 12955,15555, 17409, 17420, 17421, 18003.T4925 Pinus spp. (Pinaceae). Isolated compounds: 17399.T4926 Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae); OU ZHOU CHI SONG; Scotch Pine.Isolated compounds: 1169, 7385, 21022.T4927 Pinus taeda (Pinaceae); TAI DA SONG; Loblolly Pine, Old Field Pine.Isolated compounds: 1655, 17888, 17890.T4928 Piper aduncum (Piperaceae); GOU ZHUANG HU JIAO; HookedPepper*. Isolated compounds: 1343, 6193, 6383, 17430, 17431,17432.T4929 Piper aequale (Piperaceae); TE LI NI DA HU JIAO; Trinidad Pepper*.Isolated compounds: 5644, 6423, 14380.T4930 Piper aff. pedicellatum (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 2563.T4931 Piper angustifolium (Piperaceae); XIA YE HU JIAO; Matico Pepper.Isolated compounds: 1520, 1835.T4932 Piper arboreum (Piperaceae); QIAO MU HU JIAO; ArboreousPepper*. Isolated compounds: 1612, 16388.T4933 Piper attenuatum (Piperaceae); LUAN YE HU JIAO; Ovateleaf Pepper.Isolated compounds: 17463, 17466.T4934 Piper aurantiacum (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 17449.T4935 Piper banksii (Piperaceae); BAN KE HU JIAO; Bank Pepper*.Isolated compounds: 6745.

527T4936 Piper bavinum (Piperaceae); XIAN MAI JU; Glandularnerve Pepper.Isolated compounds: 22628.T4937 Piper betle (Piperaceae); JU JIANG YE; Betel Pepper Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and dissipate cold, move qi andtransform phlegm, resolve toxin and disperse swelling, dry damp andresolve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-cold cough, asthma, pertussis,distending pain in stomach duct, edema, wound swelling from knocksand falls, wind-damp bone pain, toxin swelling of sores, burns andscalds, wind toxin and beriberi, scab and lai, eczema titillation.Isolated compounds: 955, 2850, 3231, 3486, 3488, 7521, 7523.T4938 Piper boehmeriaefolium (Piperaceae); ZHU YE JU; FalsenettleleafPepper. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, dispel damp and free network vessels, move qi andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Common cold due to wind-cold,wind-damp impediment pain, stomachache, menstrual disorder[=menoxenia], knocks and falls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 15725,17463, 17464, 17465, 17466.T4939 Piper brachystachyum (Piperaceae); DUAN SUI HU JIAO; ShortspikePepper*. Isolated compounds: 2575, 2576, 2577, 17436.T4940 Piper cenocladum (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 3386, 5259,17472.T4941 Piper chaba (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 4961, 11273, 11281,14678, 16384, 17440, 17441, 17442, 17443, 17451, 17461, 18658.T4942 Piper clarkii (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 17447.T4943 Piper crassinervium (Piperaceae); CU YE MAI HU JIAO; GrossnervePepper*. Isolated compounds: 5859, 5860, 6041, 15279, 19172.T4944 Piper cubeba (Piperaceae); BI CHENG QIE; Cubeba Pepper. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipate cold, move qiand relieve pain, warm kidney. TCM Indications: Stomach cold withretching counterflow, distention fullness, cold pain in stomach ductand abdomen, rumbling intestines and diarrhea, cold mounting withabdominal pain, cold-damp dribbling urination and turbid urine.Isolated compounds: 1834, 1840, 2357, 3761, 3762, 3851, 4304, 4305,4306, 4307, 4308, 4309, 4310, 5543, 5561, 5572, 7114, 7400, 9343,9471, 9949, 13391, 13640, 13898, 14264, 16340, 17447, 17448,21345, 21928, 22989.T4945 Piper elongatum (Piperaceae); CHANG HU JIAO. Isolatedcompounds: 2835, 17427, 17428.Piper futokadsura = Piper kadsuraT4946 Piper guineense (Piperaceae); JI NEI YA HU JIAO; Ashanti Pepper.Isolated compounds: 5572, 16387, 17451.T4947 Piper hamiltonii (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 17463.T4948 Piper hancei (Piperaceae); SHAN JU; Hance Pepper. Used part:stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quickenblood and disperse swelling, move qi and relieve pain, transformstagnation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, stomachache, dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls, wind-coldcough, mounting qi. Isolated compounds: 2760, 8035, 8040, 9208,9209, 9210, 9211, 22628.T4949 Piper hispidum (Piperaceae); YING MAO HU JIAO; Hispid Pepper*.Isolated compounds: 11280, 14020, 17438.T4950 Piper kadsura [Syn. Piper futokadsura] (Piperaceae); HAI FENGTENG; Kadsura Pepper. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, free channels and network vessels, relieve pain due toimpediment. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, achingsinews in limb joints, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels. Isolatedcompounds: 592, 1840, 3517, 5135, 6745, 8035, 8036, 8037, 8038,8039, 8040, 8041, 8086, 8088, 8093, 11269, 12005, 12006, 12007,12008, 12009, 12010, 12013, 13293, 13295, 17265, 17460, 19983,20369, 22060, 22383, 23030.T4951 Piper laetispicum (Piperaceae); DA YE JU; Largeleaf Pipper*. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood, disperse swelling,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, static blood swellingpain. Isolated compounds: 12449.T4952 Piper lhotzkyanum (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 12157.T4953 Piper longum (Piperaceae); BI BA; Long Pepper. Used part: fruit-spike.TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipate cold, precipitate qi andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, toothache, deep-source nasalcongestion, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris. Isolatedcompounds: 2284, 9083, 9485, 11269, 12574, 17450, 17451, 17461,17471, 17472, 19777, 20523, 21078, 22227.T4954 Piper longum (Piperaceae); BI BA GEN; Long Pepper Root. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To warm center and move qi, downbearcounterflow and disperse food, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Taxation damage, genital sweating, node swelling, cold qiretching, distention fullness in heart and abdomen, food accumulation,cold mounting, infertility due to uterus cold, lumbus kidney cold.Isolated compounds: 14791, 17429, 17451, 17461, 17463, 17464,17465, 17466, 17472.T4955 Piper methysticum (Piperaceae); KA WA HU JIAO; Kava Pepper.Isolated compounds: 2043, 4936, 5677, 7188, 12184, 13915, 14820,17462, 22882.T4956 Piper mullesua (Piperaceae); DUAN JU; Globular Pepper. Used part:whole plant. TCM Effects: To expel wind and dissipate cold, dissipatestasis and relieve pain, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs,externally contracted wind-cold, cough and asthma, cold pain instomach duct and abdomen, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, toothache, swelling pain ofsore and boil, scalds, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 15318,15319.T4957 Piper nigrum (Piperaceae); HU JIAO; Black Pepper. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipate cold, precipitate qi,disperse phlegm. TCM Indications: Vomiting with stomach cold,abdominal pain and diarrhea, inappetence, convulsion, epilepsy andprofuse phlegm. Isolated compounds: 3487, 4288, 6465, 11269, 11270,11271, 11272, 11274, 11282, 11283, 13723, 13724, 13726, 13727,13770, 15446, 16306, 16318, 16319, 16325, 16382, 16383, 16384,16385, 16386, 16387, 16388, 16389, 16390, 16391, 16392, 16393,16405, 16406, 17401, 17434, 17435, 17436, 17437, 17438, 17438,17439, 17444, 17445, 17449, 17451, 17451, 17456, 17468, 17469,17470, 17473, 17474, 18657, 19371, 19378, 19788, 20991.T4958 Piper nove-hollandae (Piperaceae); XIN HE LAN HU JIAO;Novel-Holland Pepper*. Isolated compounds: 6193.T4959 Piper peepuloides (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 17424.

528T4960 Piper peltatum (Piperaceae); DUN YE HU JIAO; Peltateleaf Pepper*.Isolated compounds: 6379, 15505.T4961 Piper polysyphorum (Piperaceae); ZHANG YE HU JIAO;Camphortreeleaf Pepper. Isolated compounds: 8040, 17688, 22528,22628.T4962 Piper puberulum (Piperaceae); MAO JU; Hairy Pepper. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold andeliminate damp, move qi and quicken blood and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, wind-cold headache, painin stomach duct and abdomen, mounting qi (hernia), menstrual pain,painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 22628.T4963 Piper regnelli (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 10056, 10088, 14367,14503.T4964 Piper retrofractum (Piperaceae); CHANG GUO BI BA; PetrofractedPepper. Used part: frult. TCM Effects: To warm center and fortifystomach, dispel cold and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Stomach coldpain, distention fullness in stomach duct. Isolated compounds: 2576,17444, 18657, 18659, 18660, 21907.T4965 Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae); JIA JU; Sarmentose Pepper. Usedpart: stem-leaf or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, move qi and relieve pain, quicken network vessels,disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-cold cough, wind-dampimpediment pain, distention fullness in stomach duct, diarrhea anddysentery, postpartum foot edema, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 957, 1832.T4966 Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae); JIA JU ZI; Sarmentose Pepper Spike.Used part: fruit spike. TCM Effects: To warm center and dissipate cold,move qi and relieve pain, transform damp and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Distending pain in stomach duct, cold-damp diarrhea,wind-damp impediment pain, mounting qi, toothache, edema. Isolatedcompounds: 14382, 17130, 19368, 19369, 19370, 19371, 19378.T4967 Piper solmsianum (Piperaceae). Isolated compounds: 6348, 8979,14384.T4968 Piper spp. (Piperaceae); Piper spp. Isolated compounds: 10792.T4969 Piper sulvaticum (Piperaceae); CHANG BING HU JIAO; LongstalkPepper*. Isolated compounds: 17472.T4970 Piper taiwanense (Piperaceae); TAI WAN HU JIAO; Taiwan Pepper*.Isolated compounds: 955, 1695, 2891, 3408, 3694, 3723, 6216, 6466,7521, 10416, 17463, 17464, 17465, 17467, 22615.T4971 Piper trichostachyon (Piperaceae); MAO SUI HU JIAO; HairspikePepper*. Isolated compounds: 4536, 17435.T4972 Piper tuberculatum (Piperaceae); LIU TU HU JIAO; TuberculatePepper*. Isolated compounds: 1612, 5695, 16388, 17439, 21904,21908.T4973 Piper umbellatum (Piperaceae); SAN XING HU JIAO; UmbellatePepper*. Isolated compounds: 6379, 15505.T4974 Piper wallichii [Syn. Piper wallichii var. hupehense] (Piperaceae); SHINAN TENG. Used part: stem-leaf or whole herb. TCM Effects: Todispel wind-damp, strengthen lumbus and knees, supplement kidneyand invigorate yang, relieve cough and calm asthma, quicken bloodand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment,aching in lumbus and knees, impotence, cough and asthma,dysmenorrhea, painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 22628.Piper wallichii var. hupehense = Piper wallichiiPiptanthus mongolicus = Ammopiptanthus mongolicusT4975 Piptanthus nanus (Fabaceae); XIAO SHA DONG QING; SmallPiptanthus*. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: See Ammopiptanthusmongolicus. TCM Indications: See Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.Isolated compounds: 16206.T4976 Piptanthus nepalensis (Fabaceae); HUANG HUA MU; GreenleafPiptanthus, Evergreen Laburnum. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Toclear liver and brighten eyes, moisten intestines and free stool. TCMIndications: Headache due to externally contracted wind-heat,conjunctivitis, hypertension, chronic constipation. Isolated compounds:4604, 8278, 8282, 20099.T4977 Piscidia erythrina YA MAI JIA DU YU DOU; Piscidia erythrina.Isolated compounds: 17479, 17481, 17482.T4978 Pisolithus tinctorius [Syn. Lycoperdon capitatum; Sclerodermatinctorium] (Sclerodermataceae); DOU BAO JUN; Dye-maker’s FalsePuffboll. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Stomach andesophagus hemorrhage, bleeding due to external injury, frostbiteflowing water and pus. Isolated compounds: 15717, 17492.T4979 Pistacia chinensis (Anacardiaceae); HUANG LIAN YA; ChinesePistache. Used part: leaf and bud. TCM Effects: To clear summerheat,engender liquid, resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Summerheat-heat thirst, swelling pain in throat, oral ulcer, vomitingand dysentery, strangury syndrome, innominate toxin swelling, soreand papules. Isolated compounds: 5613, 5614, 5699, 7802, 8095.T4980 Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae); XIANG HUANG LIAN MU;Mastic-tree. Isolated compounds: 17055.T4981 Pistacia terebinthus (Anacardiaceae); RU DU XIANG; TurpentineTree. Isolated compounds: 6502, 10363, 13591, 14979.T4982 Pistacia vera (Anacardiaceae); A YUE HUN ZI; Common Pistache.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warm kidney, warm spleen. TCMIndications: Kidney vacuity lumbar cold, impotence, spleen vacuitycold dysentery. Isolated compounds: 4439.T4983 Pisum sativum (Fabaceae); WAN DOU; Garden Pea. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To harmonize center and precipitate qi, free milk anddisinhibit water, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Cholera cramp,beriberi with edema, diabetes mellitus, vomiting of sour matter,abdominal distention and diarrhea, scant breast milk, swollen wellingabscess. Isolated compounds: 36, 2845, 7996, 8377, 9620, 10165,12097, 15708, 17477, 17493, 17494, 17495, 17913, 18281, 18398,19432, 19982, 21662, 22466, 22782, 22815.T4984 Pisum sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1048.T4985 Pithecolobium dulce (Fabaceae); NIU TI DOU; GuamachilApea-earring. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To disperse swelling anddispel damp. Isolated compounds: 20169.T4986 Pithomyces chartarum . Isolated compounds: 20234.T4987 Pittosporum tobira (Pittosporaceae); HAI TONG; JapanesePittosporum. Used part: fruit. TCM Indications: mounting pain.Isolated compounds: 13955, 13956, 13957.T4988 Pityrogramma triangularis (Hemionitidaceae); SAN JIAO FEN YEJUE; Goldback Fern. Isolated compounds: 9423, 21711.

529T4989 Plagiochasma intermedium (Grimaldiaceae); WU WEN ZI BEI TAI;Intermediate Plagiochasma. Isolated compounds: 7426.T4990 Plagiochasma rupestre (Grimaldiaceae); ZI BEI TAI; ArgentineLiverwort. Isolated compounds: 19069.T4991 Plagiochila acanthophylla ssp. japonica (Plagiochilaceae); RI BENDUO CI YU TAI. Isolated compounds: 17500.T4992 Plagiochila asplenioides (Plagiochilaceae); TIE JIAO JUE YU TAI.Isolated compounds: 1754, 2406, 2407, 6957, 15139, 17498, 17499,17503, 19679.T4993 Plagiochila carringtonii (Plagiochilaceae). Isolated compounds: 17496,17497.T4994 Plagiochila deltoidea (Plagiochilaceae). Isolated compounds: 7194,9923, 18915.T4995 Plagiochila rutilans (Plagiochilaceae). Isolated compounds: 6382,7461, 7479, 10389, 13917, 14031, 14032, 14076, 14077.T4996 Plagiochila siophila (Plagiochilaceae). Isolated compounds: 17500.T4997 Plagiogyria dunnii (Plagiogyriaceae); DAO YE LIU ZU JUE; Dunn’sPlagiogyria. Isolated compounds: 17502.T4998 Plagiogyria euphlebia (Plagiogyriaceae); HUA ZHONG LIU ZU JUE;Fine-nerved Plagiogyria. Used part: rhizome or whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Influenza.Isolated compounds: 17501.T4999 Plagiogyria matsumureana (Plagiogyriaceae). Isolated compounds:17501, 17502.T5000 Plagiogyria stenoptera (Plagiogyriaceae); ER XING LIU ZU JUE;Auriform Plagiogyria. Used part: rhizome or whole herb. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, effuse exterior and relieve cough.TCM Indications: Common cold with headache, cough. Isolatedcompounds: 17501.T5001 Planchonia grandis (Sapotaceae); GAO DA SHAN LAN. Isolatedcompounds: 12057, 12058, 12079.T5002 Plantago asiatica (Plantaginaceae); CHE QIAN; Asiatic Plantain.Equivalent plant: Plantago major, Plantago depressa. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit urine, coolblood, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Heat bind in bladder, inhibitedurination [=dysuria], strangury-turbidity and vaginal discharge,summerheat-damp diarrhea, bloody urine (hematuria), spontaneousexternal bleeding, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 580, 617, 2004, 7426, 9331, 9363, 9617, 10351, 11195,11529, 12725, 16050, 17505, 17505, 17506, 17507, 17508, 17509,17510, 17511, 17512, 18219, 18526, 19983, 20255, 20369, 20446,22270.T5003 Plantago cornuti (Plantaginaceae); JIAO ZHUANG CHE QIAN;Cornuted Plantain*. Isolated compounds: 250.T5004 Plantago depressa (Plantaginaceae); PING CHE QIAN; DepressedPlantain. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Plantago asiatica.TCM Indications: See Plantago asiatica. Isolated compounds: 617,2004, 3052, 16050, 22270.T5005 Plantago hostifolia (Plantaginaceae); YU ZAN YE CHE QIAN;Jadehairpin-leaf Plantain*. Isolated compounds: 17510.T5006 Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae); CHANG YE CHE QIAN;Buckhorn Plantain. Isolated compounds: 580, 2004, 5277, 5278,12577, 12725, 13580, 17510, 18219.T5007 Plantago major (Plantaginaceae); DA CHE QIAN; RippleseedPlantain. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Plantago asiatica.TCM Indications: See Plantago asiatica. Isolated compounds: 250,580, 1892, 2004, 2102, 2106, 3040, 3551, 3674, 3695, 4135, 7768,7996, 8081, 8307, 9486, 9818, 10351, 11805, 12891, 12952, 13137,13406, 13656, 15203, 15363, 16050, 17506, 17513, 18219, 19187,19587, 19983, 20369, 20566, 22170, 22270.T5008 Platanus sp. (Platanaceae). Isolated compounds: 5283, 5613.T5009 Platanus spp. (Platanaceae). Isolated compounds: 17399.T5010 Platycarya strobilacea (Juglandaceae); HUA XIANG SHU YE;Dyetree Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and curesores, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin ofsore and welling abscess, purulence due to bone welling abscess,intractable lichen, scrotal eczema, tinea capitis. Isolated compounds:6757, 8095, 11903, 20389.Platycladus orientalis = Thuja orientalisT5011 Platycodon grandiflorum (Campanulaceae); JIE GENG; Balloonflower.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To diffuse lung, dispel phlegm,disinhibit throat, expel pus. TCM Indications: Cough with profusephlegm, swelling pain in throat, pulmonary welling abscess withhacking of pus and blood, fullness in chest and rib-side pain, dysentery,dribbling urinary block. Isolated compounds: 487, 488, 2331, 4799,4800, 8711, 14468, 14549, 14604, 14681, 17529, 17530, 17531,17532, 17533, 17534, 17535, 17536, 17537, 17538, 17539, 17540,17541, 17542, 17543, 17544, 17545, 17628, 17629, 17630, 20168,20169.T5012 Platypodia granuiosa . Isolated compounds: 19431.T5013 Platystemon spp. Isolated compounds: 3498.T5014 Plectranthus nummularius (Lamiaceae); YUAN BAN XIANG CHACAI; Nummulite Rabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 16680, 16681,17553, 17554.Plectranthus striatus = Isodon lophanthoidesT5015 Pleiocarpa mutica (Apocynaceae); DUO GUO SHU. Isolatedcompounds: 12268.T5016 Pleiocarpa pycnantha var. tubicina (Apocynaceae); CU SHENG HUADUO GUO SHU. Isolated compounds: 12268.T5017 Pleiocarpa tubicina (Apocynaceae); LA BA ZHUANG DUO GUOSHU. Isolated compounds: 12120, 12268.T5018 Pleuropterus ciliinervis (Polygonaceae); MAO MAI LIAO. Used part:tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood,quicken blood. TCM Indications: infection of upper respiratory tract,tonsillitis, acute bacillary dysentery, acute enteritis, infection ofurinary system, various hemorrhage, knocks and falls, menstrualdisorder, wind-damp impediment pain, heat toxin sores, burns. Isolatedcompounds: 13250, 13253, 17283, 17285, 17352, 17559, 18643.T5019 Pleurospermum govanianum var. bicolor (Apiaceae); SHUANG SESUO ZI QIN; Twocoloured Pleurospermum. Isolated compounds:17763.T5020 Pleurospermum lindleyanum (Apiaceae); TIAN SHAN LING ZI QIN;Lindley Pleurospermum. Isolated compounds: 10216.T5021 Pleurospermum rivulorum (Apiaceae); YUN NAN QIANG HUO;Yunnan Pleurospermum. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, free network vessels and relieve pain. TCM

530Indications: Wind-cold common cold, wind-cold-damp impediment,hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, headache, pain in stomach ductand abdomen. Isolated compounds: 8326, 9420, 11001, 11445, 13571,22774, 22775.T5022 Pleurotus eryngii (Pleurotaceae). Isolated compounds: 192, 5884, 5885,6898, 6900, 6905, 7251, 21729.T5023 Plocamium cartilagineum (Plocamiaceae ); RUAN GU HAI TOUHONG. Isolated compounds: 17650, 17651, 17652, 17653.T5024 Plocamium corallorrhiza (Plocamiaceae ); SHAN HU GEN HAI TOUHONG. Isolated compounds: 2619, 2625, 17563, 17564, 17565,21545.T5025 Pluchea sericea (Asteraceae); JUAN MAO KUO BAO JU; SericeousPluchea*. Isolated compounds: 260, 10529.T5026 Plumbagella micrantha (Plumbaginaceae); JI WA CAO; LittleflowerPlumbagella. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To kill worms and relieveitch, decay wart and mole. TCM Indications: Neurodermatitis,psoriasis, tinea capitis, goose-foot wind, foot lichen, wart. Isolatedcompounds: 17568.T5027 Plumbago europaea (Plumbaginaceae); OU ZHOU LAN MO LI;European Leadwort*. Isolated compounds: 17568.T5028 Plumbago indica (Plumbaginaceae); ZI XUE HUA; Indian Leadword.Used part: Stem-leaf or flower. TCM Effects: To break blood and freemenstruation, disperse swelling and relieve pain, dispel wind and killworms. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, wind-dampimpediment pain, sprain from knocks and falls, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 17568.T5029 Plumbago zeylanica (Plumbaginaceae); BAI HUA DAN; WhiteflowerLeadword. Used part: whole herb and root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, move qi and quicken blood, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,liver spleen enlargement, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, sprain fromknocks and falls, swollen welling abscess and scrofula, scab and lichenwith itching, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2402, 3541,3569, 8712, 8713, 11790, 17567, 17568.T5030 Plumeria bicolor (Apocynaceae); SHUANG SE JI DAN HUA;Twocoloured Frangipani*. Isolated compounds: 523, 10760.T5031 Plumeria obtusa (Apocynaceae); DUN XING JI DAN HUA; ObtuseFrangipani*. Isolated compounds: 3468, 3469, 3470, 3471, 15911,22964.T5032 Plumeria rubra (Apocynaceae); HONG JI DAN HUA; Frangipani.Isolated compounds: 17571.T5033 Poa sphondylodes (Lamiaceae); LONG XU CAO; Hard Bluegrass.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit urine and free strangury. TCM Indications: Dribbling andinhibited voidings of urination, yellow-water sore. Isolated compounds:1113, 1823, 7759, 7951, 8789.T5034 Podanthus mitiqui (Compositae); MI TI BING HUA JU. Isolatedcompounds: 16278.T5035 Podanthus ovatifolius (Compositae); BING HUA JU. Isolatedcompounds: 16278.T5036 Podocarpus andina (Podocarpaceae); ZHI LI LUO HAN SONG; ChilePodocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 17586.T5037 Podocarpus elongatu (Podocarpaceae); HAO WANG JIAO LUO HANSONG; Cape of Good Hope Podocarpus. Isolated compounds: 2379.T5038 Podocarpus ferrugineu (Podocarpaceae); XIN XI LAN LUO HANSONG; New Zealand Podocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 18971.T5039 Podocarpus gracilior (Podocarpaceae); XI LUO HAN SONG;Musengerra Podocarpus. Isolated compounds: 17591.T5040 Podocarpus hallii (Podocarpaceae); HA SHI LUO HAN SONG; HallPodocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 9196, 9197, 15231.T5041 Podocarpus imbricatus (Podocarpaceae); JI MAO SONG; ImbricatePodocarpus. Isolated compounds: 4289, 6679, 9543, 9818, 15668,17588, 18864, 18866.T5042 Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpaceae); LUO HAN SONG SHI;Longleaf Podocarpus Seed. Equivalent plant: Podocarpusmacrophyllus var. maki. Used part: seed and floral receptacle. TCMEffects: To move qi and relieve pain, warm center and supplementblood. TCM Indications: Blood vacuity, withered-yellow facialcomplexion, pain in heart and stomach. Isolated compounds: 2850,9543, 11113, 11114, 11115, 11116, 11117, 11118, 11119, 11128, 13411,15231, 15233, 15234, 17700.T5043 Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpaceae); LUO HAN SONG YE;Longleaf Podocarpus Leaf. Equivalent plant: Podocarpusmacrophyllus var. maki. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: Tostanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Blood ejection, hemoptysis.Isolated compounds: 3185, 6679, 9543, 12176, 12620, 13317, 13410,13411, 13412, 15373, 17588, 17589, 17596, 17700, 21476.T5044 Podocarpus macrophyllus var. maki (Podocarpaceae); DUAN YE LUOHAN SONG SHI; Chinese Podocarpus Seed. Used part: seed andfloral receptacle. TCM Effects: See Podocarpus macrophyllus. TCMIndications: See Podocarpus macrophyllus. Isolated compounds: 2850,17700.T5045 Podocarpus macrophyllus var. maki (Podocarpaceae); DUAN YE LUOHAN SONG YE; Chinese Podocarpus Leaf. Used part: branch-leaf.TCM Effects: See Podocarpus macrophyllus. TCM Indications: SeePodocarpus macrophyllus. Isolated compounds: 17700.T5046 Podocarpus montanus (Podocarpaceae); SHAN DI LUO HAN SONG;Mountain Podocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 1030.Podocarpus nagi = Myrica nagiT5047 Podocarpus nakaii (Podocarpaceae); TAI WAN LUO HAN SONG;Nakai Podocarpus. Isolated compounds: 17699, 17700, 17701, 17702.T5048 Podocarpus neriifolius (Podocarpaceae); BAI RI QING; Thitmin.Isolated compounds: 17590.T5049 Podocarpus nivalis (Podocarpaceae); GAO SHAN LUO HAN SONG;Alpine Totara. Isolated compounds: 15231.T5050 Podocarpus nubigenus (Podocarpaceae); YUN WU LUO HAN SONG;Manio. Isolated compounds: 15231.T5051 Podocarpus philippinensis (Podocarpaceae); FEI LV BIN LUO HANSONG; Philippine Podocarpus. Isolated compounds: 15229.T5052 Podocarpus polystachyus (Podocarpaceae); DUO SUI LUO HANSONG SHI; Manyspike Podocarpus Seed. Isolated compounds:15229.T5053 Podocarpus purdieana (Podocarpaceae); PU ER DI LUO HAN SONG;Purdie Podocarpus*. Isolated compounds: 15231.T5054 Podocarpus sp. (Podocarpaceae). Isolated compounds: 15233, 17583,18003.

531T5055 Podocarpus spicatus (Podocarpaceae); SUI HUA LUO HAN SONG;Matai. Isolated compounds: 13594.T5056 Podolepis longipedata . Isolated compounds: 16409.T5057 Podophyllum emodii [Syn. Podophyllum emodii var. chinense;Podophyllum sikkimenosis; Sinopodophyllum emodii] (Berberidaceae);TAO ER QI; Common Sinopodophyllm. Used part: root and rhizome.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood andrelieve pain, relieve cough and dispel phlegm. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, pain in stomach duct and abdomen, cough. Isolatedcompounds: 1372, 4962, 5011, 5074, 5078, 5091, 5092, 5093, 5094,11608, 14400, 17110, 17337, 17339, 17340, 17341, 17592, 17593,17594, 17595, 19889.Podophyllum emodii var. chinense = Podophyllum emodiiT5058 Podophyllum peltatum (Berberidaceae); DUN YE GUI JIU; CommonMayapple. Isolated compounds: 16793, 16794, 16795, 16796, 16797,17337, 17347, 17592, 17593, 17594, 17595.Podophyllum sikkimenosis = Podophyllum emodiiT5059 Pogostemon cablin [Syn. Mentha cablin] (Lamiaceae); GUANG HUOXIANG; Cablin Potchouli. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: Totransform damp aromaticly, increase appetite and check vomiting,effuse exterior and resolve summerheat. TCM Indications:Summerheat-damp lassitude, oppression in chest, vomiting diarrheawith abdominal pain, deep-source nasal congestion and headache.Isolated compounds: 928, 1476, 1485, 1492, 2222, 2943, 3241, 3242,3693, 4875, 6741, 6928, 7521, 7730, 9031, 9032, 9033, 9041, 9042,9088, 9727, 9728, 9729, 14111, 14177, 16092, 16498, 16704, 16706,16707, 16711, 16712, 16929, 17601, 17602, 18679, 19793, 22311.T5060 Polanisia dodecandra (Capparidaceae); SHI ER RUI CHOU SHI CAI;Dodecapistil Spiderflower*. Isolated compounds: 17603.T5061 Polianthes tuberosa (Amaryllidaceae); WAN XIANG YU; Tuberose.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 696, 1570, 1571, 3553, 3584, 8661, 9254, 9255, 9256,17611, 17612, 17613, 17614, 17615, 17616, 21383, 21385, 21387,22286, 22826.T5062 Pollia endiviifolia (Commelinaceae). Isolated compounds: 16984.T5063 Polyalthia acuminata (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 15711.T5064 Polyalthia cheliensis (Annonaceae); JING HONG AN LUO; JinghongGreenstar. Isolated compounds: 246.T5065 Polyalthia longifolia (Annonaceae); CHANG YE AN LUO; IndiaGreenstar. Isolated compounds: 12714, 17619.T5066 Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula (Annonaceae); BIAN ZHONGCHANG YE AN LUO; Indian Greenstar Variety*. Isolated compounds:917, 11750, 12257, 16799, 16800, 16802, 20372.T5067 Polyalthia nemoralis (Annonaceae); LING SHUI AN LUO;Nemoricolous Greenstar*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To fortifyspleen and boost stomach, supplement kidney and secure essence.TCM Indications: Center vacuity with stomachache, inappetence,kidney vacuity and emission. Isolated compounds: 23002.T5068 Polyalthia suberosa (Annonaceae); AN LUO; Suberous Greenstar.Isolated compounds: 12116.T5069 Polycarpon prostratum (Caryophyllaceae); DUO JIA CAO; Manyseed.Isolated compounds: 17959, 17960, 17961, 17962.T5070 Polygala amarella (Polygalaceae); KU WEI YUAN ZHI; BitterMilkwort*. Isolated compounds: 20940, 20941, 20942, 20943, 20944,20946, 20947, 20948, 20949, 20950, 20951, 20952, 20953, 20954,20957, 20958.T5071 Polygala arillata (Polygalaceae); HUANG HUA YUAN ZHI;Yellowflower Milkwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelphlegm and eliminate damp, fortify spleen and supplement vacuity,quiet heart and quicken blood. TCM Indications: Cough with profusephlegm, wind-damp impediment pain, dribbling pain of urination,edema, beriberi, hepatitis, tuberculosis, postpartum vacuity weakness,inappetence, child gan accumulation, insomnia and frequent dreaming,menstrual disorder, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1681, 1682,1683, 1684, 1685, 1686, 1687, 1688, 1689, 6009, 6031, 10423, 17636,18606, 20369, 20372.Polygala aureocauda = Polygala fallaxT5072 Polygala caudata (Polygalaceae); SHUI HUANG YANG MU;Caudate Milkwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, damp-heat jaundice, bronchitis.Isolated compounds: 4143, 17621.T5073 Polygala chinensis [Syn. Polygala glomerata] (Polygalaceae); DA JINNIU CAO; Chinese Milkwort. Used part: whole herb with root. TCMEffects: To dispel phlegm, disperse accumulation, dissipate stasis,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Cough and sore pharynx, child ganaccumulation, knocks and falls, scrofula, swollen welling abscess,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1622, 1623, 3530, 3531,3532, 3540, 8582, 8583, 8584, 8585, 8586, 8587, 9323, 12082, 15184,20445.T5074 Polygala emodi (Polygalaceae); XI MA LA YA YUAN ZHI;Himalayan Milkwort*. Isolated compounds: 5074.T5075 Polygala fallax [Syn. Polygala aureocauda] (Polygalaceae); JIAHUANG HUA YUAN ZHI; Fasle Yellowflower Milkwort*. Used part:root or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To supplement vacuity and fortifyspleen, free network vessels and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Taxation fatigue and hypodynamia, prolapse of uterus, child ganaccumulation, spleen vacuity edema, sparse vaginal discharge,wind-damp impediment pain, lumbago, menstrual disorder ,dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 6009, 6031,7711, 7712, 7713, 10044, 10422, 16109, 17637, 17638.T5076 Polygala fruticosa (Polygalaceae); GUAN MU YUAN ZHI; ShrubbyMilkwort*. Isolated compounds: 7973.Polygala glomerata = Polygala chinensisT5077 Polygala macradenia (Polygalaceae); DA XIAN YUAN ZHI;Macradenous Milkwort*. Isolated compounds: 5074.T5078 Polygala nitida (Polygalaceae); GUANG LIANG YUAN ZHI; ShiningMilkwort*. Isolated compounds: 18609, 18610.T5079 Polygala paenea (Polygalaceae); PEI NI YUAN ZHI; PaeneMilkwort*. Isolated compounds: 5074.T5080 Polygala peltatum (Polygalaceae); ZU YE CAO; Peltate Milkwort*.Isolated compounds: 5074.T5081 Polygala polygama (Polygalaceae); KU YUAN ZHI; RacemedMilkwort. Isolated compounds: 5093.

532T5082 Polygala reinii (Polygalaceae); SHI YE CAO; Reini Milkwort*.Isolated compounds: 18603, 18604, 18605, 18606, 18607, 18608,18611, 18612.T5083 Polygala sabulosa (Polygalaceae); SHA DI YUAN ZHI; SandlandMilkwort*. Isolated compounds: 13919, 14014, 14015, 14018, 14019,14021, 17840, 17976.T5084 Polygala senega (Polygalaceae); MEI YUAN ZHI; Senega Snakeroot.Isolated compounds: 16104, 19715, 19724, 19725, 19726, 19727,19728, 19729, 20168.T5085 Polygala senega var. latifolia (Polygalaceae); KUAN YE MEI YUANZHI; Broadleaf Milkwort*. Isolated compounds: 19716, 19717, 19718,19719, 19720, 19721, 19722, 19723.T5086 Polygala sibirica (Polygalaceae); XI BO LI YA YUAN ZHI; SiberianMilkwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Polygala tenuifolia.TCM Indications: See Polygala tenuifolia. Isolated compounds: 1682,1683, 12468, 17631, 19855, 19856, 19857, 19863, 19864, 19865,19866.T5087 Polygala telephioides (Polygalaceae); XIAO HUA YUAN ZHI;Smallflower Milkwort. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To dispel phlegm, relieve cough, dissipate stasis, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Cough, cough with inhibited phlegm, knocks and falls,menstrual disorder, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 20907, 20908, 20909.T5088 Polygala tenuifolia (Polygalaceae); YUAN ZHI; Thinleaf Milkwort.Equivalent plant: Polygala sibirica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Toquiet heart and spirit, dispel phlegm and open orifices, resolve toxinand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Pharyngitis, disquieted heartspirit, fright palpitation and insomnia, amnesia, fright epilepsy, coughwith profuse phlegm, effusion of back from welling abscess and flatabscess, painful swollen breast. Isolated compounds: 402, 3156, 3158,5842, 6011, 6165, 6299, 8743, 9234, 10045, 10756, 10804, 14320,15752, 16103, 16104, 16105, 16108, 16874, 16968, 17632, 17633,17634, 17635, 17636, 20939, 20940, 20941, 20942, 20943, 20944,20945, 20955, 20956, 20957, 20958, 20959, 20960, 20961, 20962,21902.T5089 Polygala vulgaris (Polygalaceae); PU TONG YUAN ZHI; CommonMilkwort*. Isolated compounds: 3573, 6164, 6213, 19916.T5090 Polygala wattersii (Polygalaceae); CHANG MAO ZI YUAN ZHI;Longhair Milkwort. Used part: root or leaf. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin, dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Mammary welling abscess,innominate toxin swelling, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:22639, 22640, 22641, 22642, 22643, 22644, 22645, 22646, 22647,22648.T5091 Polygonatum cyrtonema [Syn. Polygonatum multiflorum] (Liliaceae);DUO HUA HUANG JING; Manyflower Solomonseal. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: See Polygonatum sibiricum. TCM Indications:See Polygonatum sibiricum. Isolated compounds: 2057, 5350, 5351,9620.T5092 Polygonatum kingianum (Liliaceae); DIAN HUANG JING; KingSolomonseal. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Polygonatumsibiricum. TCM Indications: See Polygonatum sibiricum. Isolatedcompounds: 7413, 11544, 12228.Polygonatum multiflorum = Polygonatum cyrtonemaT5093 Polygonatum odoratum [Syn. Polygonatum officinale] (Liliaceae); YUZHU; Fragrant Solomonseal. Equivalent plant: Polygonatum prattii.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To nourish yin and moisten dryness,engender liquid and allay thirst. TCM Indications: Lung stomach yindamage, dry cough, dry throat, diabetes mellitus due to internal heat.Isolated compounds: 2057, 4005, 10134, 17624, 17625, 17626, 17627,22650.Polygonatum officinale = Polygonatum odoratumT5094 Polygonatum prattii (Liliaceae); KANG DING YU ZHU; PrattSolomonseal. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Polygonatumodoratum. TCM Indications: See Polygonatum odoratum. Isolatedcompounds: 17768.T5095 Polygonatum sibiricum (Liliaceae); HUANG JING; SiberianSolomonseal. Equivalent plant: Polygonatum kingianum, Polygonatumcyrtonema. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To nourish yin andmoisten lung, supplement spleen and boost qi, enrich kidney andreplenish essence. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity taxation cough, lungheat dry cough, fatigue hypodynamia due to spleen vacuity, reducedfood intake with dry mouth, diabetes mellitus, limp aching lumbus andknees due to kidney yin vacuity, impotence and emission, tinnitus anddim vision, premature graying in beard and hair, vacuity and markedemaciation, wind lai lichen. Isolated compounds: 5896, 13507, 15450,17676, 17677, 17678, 17679, 17680, 17681.T5096 Polygonatum zanlanscianense (Liliaceae); HU BEI HUANG JING;Hubei Landpick. Isolated compounds: 6437, 8968, 10374, 11555,11556, 16670, 17643, 17644, 17645, 17646, 17654.T5097 Polygonum amphibium (Polygonaceae); LIANG QI LIAO;Amphibious Knotweed. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Edema in lowerlimb, dysentery, hematuria, tidal fever, vacuity and profuse sweating,clove sore, innominate toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 2039.T5098 Polygonum aviculare (Polygonaceae); BIAN XU; Common Knotgrass.Used part: dried aerial parts. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and freestrangury, kill worms, relieve itch. TCM Indications: Urethritis,lithiasis, chyluria, dysentery, parotitis, heat strangury, short voidings ofreddish urine, dripping with inhibited pain, eczema, pudendal itch,vaginal discharge, ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 2039, 2040, 2887,3551, 8095, 15181, 18317, 18411, 18680, 19542.T5099 Polygonum bistorta (Polygonaceae); QUAN SHEN; Bistort. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disperseswelling, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Red dysentery, heatdiarrhea, lung heat cough, swollen welling abscess, scrofula, mouthsore, tongue sores, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,bleeding from hemorrhoids, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds:5519, 6853, 8095, 8109.T5100 Polygonum chinense (Polygonaceae); HUO TAN MU CAO; ChineseKnotweed. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitdamp, cool blood and resolve toxin, calm liver and brighten eyes,soothe sinews and quicken blood. TCM Indications: Diarrhea,dysentery, swelling pain in throat, diphtheria, lung heat cough,pertussis, hepatitis, vaginal discharge, swollen welling abscess, otitismedia, eczema, dizziness and tinnitus, corneal nephelium, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 12062, 19794.

533T5101 Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae); HU ZHANG; JapaneseFleeceflower. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol,quicken blood and dissipate stasis, dispel wind and free networkvessels, clear heat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Hyperlipemia, impediment pain in joints, damp-heat jaundice, toxicjaundice, child jaundice, amenorrhea, hepatitis, appendicitis, candidavaginitis, concretion and conglomeration, cough with profuse phlegm,burns and scalds, knocks and falls, swelling toxin of welling abscessand sore. Isolated compounds: 1362, 1363, 1367, 1476, 3308, 3315,3615, 3674, 3765, 5762, 5763, 5964, 6087, 6360, 6776, 6778, 7710,8095, 8622, 9043, 10419, 10432, 11483, 13254, 13832, 17247, 17251,17283, 18317, 18407, 18411, 18416, 18417, 18643, 18759, 21157,21453, 22060.T5102 Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae); HU ZHANG YE; JapaneseFleeceflower Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,resolve heat toxin. TCM Indications: Painful joints due torheumatalgia, snake bite, lacquer sore. Isolated compounds: 2039,3766, 10887, 11642, 13419, 18411, 19087, 20715.Polygonum cymosum = Fagopyrum cymosumPolygonum flaccidum = Polygonum hydropiper var. flaccidumT5103 Polygonum hydropiper (Polygonaceae); LIAO SHI; Red-knees Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To transform damp and disinhibit water,break stasis and dissipate binds, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Vomiting diarrhea with abdominal pain, edema, inhibited urination[=dysuria], concretion and accumulation with glomus distention,swollen welling abscess and sores, scrofula. Isolated compounds:11403, 17642.T5104 Polygonum hydropiper (Polygonaceae); SHUI LIAO; Red-knees. Usedpart: herb. TCM Effects: To move stagnation and transform damp,stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis, dispel wind and relieve itch,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-stagnation obstructinginternally, diarrhea, dysentery, enteritis, child gan accumulation,flooding and spotting, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, dysmenorrhea,knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain, hematochezia,bleeding due to external injury, itchy skin, eczema, wind papules, footlichen, swollen welling abscess, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 3971, 9737, 11403, 11609, 11610, 16884, 16990, 16991,17640, 17641, 17647, 17648, 17649, 18281, 18399, 18411, 20659,22310, 22638.T5105 Polygonum hydropiper var. flaccidum [Syn. Polygonum flaccidum](Polygonaceae); LA LIAO; Flaccid Knotweed. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, eliminate damp, dissipate stasis, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea, nipple moth, malaria,wind-damp impediment pain, painful swelling from knocks and falls,flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], swollenwelling abscess and clove sores, scrofula, poisonous snake bites,eczema, foot lichen. Isolated compounds: 16991, 17647.T5106 Polygonum lapathifolium (Polygonaceae); YU LIAO; DockleavedKnotweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin,eliminate damp, quicken blood. TCM Indications: Swelling pain ofsores, scrofula, diarrhea, dysentery, eczema, gan accumulation,wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder.Isolated compounds: 1187, 9737, 12049, 12504, 12505, 12506, 12507,12508, 13653, 14017, 18360, 22309, 22330.T5107 Polygonum multiflorum (Polygonaceae); HE SHOU WU; TuberFleeceflower. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol,enrich yin and nourish blood, moisten intestines and free stool,interrupt malaria, dispel wind, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Backache, neurasthenia, hyperlipemia, neurosis, insomnia, dizzinessdue to anemia, palpitation, limp aching lumbus and knees due to liverkidney yin vacuity, premature graying in beard and hair, tinnitus,emission, intestinal dry and constipation, enduring malaria, windpapule itching, sore and welling abscess, scrofula, hemorrhoids.Isolated compounds: 3598, 3615, 5863, 6776, 7788, 9043, 13833,17247, 17283, 17639, 17877, 18416, 18643, 18759, 19983, 21154,21156, 21157, 21159.T5108 Polygonum multiflorum (Polygonaceae); YE JIAO TENG; TuberFleeceflower Stem. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To nourish heartand quiet spirit, dispel wind and free network vessels. TCMIndications: Insomnia, frequent dreaming, anemia and generalizedpain, muscle numbness, wind-damp impediment pain, wind papuleitching. Isolated compounds: 17247, 18416.T5109 Polygonum nodosum (Polygonaceae); JIE LIAO; Pale Persicaria. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, stanchbleeding, quicken blood and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Swelling of sores, yin flat abscess, scrofula, poisonous snake bite,toothache, summerheat stroke, dysentery, knocks and falls, bleedingdue to external injury. Isolated compounds: 12049, 17399, 18360.T5110 Polygonum orientale (Polygonaceae); HONG CAO; Prince’s-feather.Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood, interrupt malaria. TCMIndications: Infections, rheumatic arthritis, malaria, mounting qi,beriberi, swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 9616, 16196, 17515.T5111 Polygonum perfoliatum (Polygonaceae); GANG BAN GUI GEN;Perfoliate Knotweed Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Mouth-level nape sore,hemorrhoids and fistulas. Isolated compounds: 6776, 11014.T5112 Polygonum periginatoris (Polygonaceae); NI A LUO. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To astringe intestines and check dysentery.TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 16925.T5113 Polygonum persicaria (Polygonaceae); TAO YE LIAO; SpringKnotweed. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweat and removedamp, disperse food, kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, wind-cold-damp impediment, food damage diarrhea,intestinal parasitic disease. Isolated compounds: 11642, 16884, 18281.T5114 Polygonum polystachyum (Polygonaceae); DUO SUI LIAO;Manyspike Knotweed. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dispel wind and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications:Dysentery, diarrhea, child indigestion, wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2039, 11642, 18317, 18342,18411, 18674.T5115 Polygonum sibiricum [Syn. Persicaria sibirica] (Polygonaceae); XIBO LI YA LIAO[yn; Siberian Knotweed*. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To course wind and clear heat, disinhibit water and disperseedema. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall, damp itchy skin, edema,ascites (hydroperitoneum). Isolated compounds: 15450.

534T5116 Polygonum sp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 19087.T5117 Polygonum spp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 17399.T5118 Polygonum suffultum (Fabaceae); HONG SAN QI; OvateleafKnotweed. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding andrelieve pain, quicken blood and regulate menstruation, clear heat andeliminate damp. TCM Indications: Painful wound from knocks andfalls, bleeding due to external injury, blood ejection, hematochezia,flooding and spotting, red and white vaginal discharge, damp-heatdysentery, welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 19987.T5119 Polygonum thunbergii (Polygonaceae); SHUI MA TIAO; ThunbergKnotweed. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and clearheat, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Headache dueto externally contracted wind-heat, cough, sand, dysentery, painfulwound from knocks and falls, tuberculosis and hemoptysis. Isolatedcompounds: 4446, 13240, 16990, 18411.T5120 Polygonum tinctorium (Polygonaceae); LIAO LAN GUO; IndigoplantFruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat, cool blood, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Warm disease ardent fever, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, macular eruption, swelling pain inthroat, swollen boil, innominate toxin swelling, bee sting, insect bites.Isolated compounds: 18287, 22059.T5121 Polygonum tinctorium (Polygonaceae); LIAO LAN YE; IndigoplantLeaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, cool blood and disperse macula. TCM Indications: Warmdisease fever, macular eruption and papules, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, throat impediment, heat dysentery,jaundice, erysipelas, epidemic parotitis, mouth sore, swollen wellingabscess. Isolated compounds: 11014, 11023, 11024, 18287, 21799.T5122 Polygonum viscosum (Polygonaceae); ZHAN MAO LIAO;Viscidhairy Knotweed. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: Torectify qi and remove damp, fortify stomach and disperse food. TCMIndications: Stomach qi pain, indigestion, child gan accumulation,wind-damp pain. Isolated compounds: 6147, 18353, 22535.T5123 Polypodium glycyrrhiza (Polypodiaceae); TIAN GEN DUO ZU JUE;Sweetroot Polypody*. Isolated compounds: 17663.T5124 Polypodium niponicum (Polypodiaceae); SHUI LONG GU; JapanesePolypody. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, quicken blood and free network vessels. TCMIndications: Opacity of urine, diarrhea, strangury, wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3773, 4468,4503, 4885, 6678, 6679, 7758, 7978, 9638, 9639, 9641, 9642, 10066,14355, 14434, 15064, 15065, 15066, 15067, 15729, 15730, 15731,15732, 16029, 16030, 16037, 16038, 16251, 16426, 17584, 17585,17618, 19767, 20698, 20709.Polypodium punctatum = Hypolepis punctataT5125 Polypodium spp. (Polypodiaceae). Isolated compounds: 15064.T5126 Polypodium virginianum (Polypodiaceae); DONG BEI DUO ZU JUE;North-east Polypody*. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: SeePolypodium vulgare. TCM Indications: See Polypodium vulgare.Isolated compounds: 15729, 15730, 19767.T5127 Polypodium vulgare (Polypodiaceae); DUO ZU JUE; CommonPolypody. Equivalent plant: Polypodium virginianum. Used part:rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat, resolve toxin and disinhibitdamp. TCM Indications: Damp-heat strangury pain, wind-damp-heatimpediment, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, wind papuleitching, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3551, 6678, 9638, 9642,10062, 12999, 13419, 14235, 15729, 15730, 16116, 17660, 17662,17663.Polyporus cinnabarinus = Trametes cinnabarinaT5128 Polyporus ellisii (Polyporaceae); AI LI SI DUO KONG JUN; EllisiPorous Agaric*. Isolated compounds: 3421, 6904, 20154.Polyporus fomentarius = Fomes fomentariusPolyporus pinicola = Fomitopsis pinicolaT5129 Polyporus umbellatus (Polyporaceae); ZHU LING; Popyporus Agaric.Used part: sclerotium. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and percolatedamp, anticancer. TCM Indications: Inhibited urination, edema,ascites, carcinoma of lung, carcinoma of esophagus, diarrhea,strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 7247,7250, 17665, 17666, 17667, 17668, 17669, 17670, 17671.T5130 Polyscias amplifolia (Araliaceae); DA YE NAN YANG SHEN;Bigleaf Polyscias*. Isolated compounds: 8054, 8065, 17622, 17623.T5131 Polyscias murrayi (Araliaceae); MO LEI NAN YANG SHEN; MurriPolyscias*. Isolated compounds: 6091, 10638, 17169.T5132 Polystichum fauriei (Aspidiaceae); FU RUI ER JUE; Faurie ShieldFern*. Isolated compounds: 17660.T5133 Polytrichum commune (Polytrichaceae); JIN FA XIAN; CommonGold-hair Moss*. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To enrich yin andclear heat, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Steamingbone tidal fever due to yin vacuity, night sweating, tuberculosis withcough, blood ejection due to blood heat, spontaneous external bleeding,hemoptysis, hematochezia, flooding and spotting. Isolated compounds:14806.T5134 Polytrichum ohioense (Polytrichaceae); DUO XING JIN FA XIAN;Polymorphism Gold-hair Moss*. Isolated compounds: 16019, 16020,16021, 16022, 16023.T5135 Polytrichum pollidisetum (Polytrichaceae); CANG MAO JIN FAXUAN; Dark-hair Gold-hair Moss*. Isolated compounds: 16548,16549.T5136 Pometia ridleyi (Sapindaceae); LI DE LI FAN LONG YAN; RidleyPometia*. Isolated compounds: 17689, 17690, 17691, 17692, 17693,17694.T5137 Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae); GOU JU; Trifoliate-orange. Used part:unripe fruit. TCM Effects: To break qi and dissipate binds, course liverand resolve depression. TCM Indications: Binding depression of liverqi, mammary consumption, mounting qi, qi stagnation, distentionfullness in stomach duct and abdomen, pain in stomach duct,constipation, prolapse of uterus, prolapse of rectum. Isolatedcompounds: 933, 1497, 3241, 3242, 9458, 11611, 15286, 15882,17705, 19784, 20002, 22775.T5138 Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae); GOU JU HE; Trifoliate-orange Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Incessant intestinal wind bleeding. Isolated compounds: 2010, 9419,13846.T5139 Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae); GOU JU YE; Trifoliate-orange Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and dispel wind, dissipatebinds and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Dysphagia-occlusion,

535stomach reflux, vomiting, globus hystericus, mounting qi. Isolatedcompounds: 1497, 17705.T5140 Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae); GOU JU ZHI KE; Trifoliate-orangeUnripe Fruit. Used part: unripe fruit. TCM Effects: See Citrusaurantium. TCM Indications: See Citrus aurantium. Isolatedcompounds: 15286.T5141 Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae); GOU JU ZHI SHI; Trifoliate-orangeYoung Fruit. Used part: young fruit. TCM Effects: See Citrusaurantium. TCM Indications: See Citrus aurantium. Isolatedcompounds: 9420, 14796, 15286, 15404, 17704.T5142 Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae); ZHI GEN PI; Trifoliate-orangeRoot-bark. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To constrain blood,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Toothache, hemorrhoids, hematochezia.Isolated compounds: 5134, 19784.T5143 Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae); SHUI LIU DOU; Poongaoil Pongamia.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Scab and lai, lichen,suppurative sore. Isolated compounds: 1408, 1409, 1410, 1413, 2334,2857, 3071, 3072, 3335, 5962, 6228, 6245, 6246, 6247, 8124, 10029,10407, 12163, 13097, 13098, 13908, 14074, 14075, 15950, 17398,17708, 17709, 17710, 17711, 17712, 17714, 17715, 17716, 17753,20280, 20372, 21916.T5144 Populus adenopoda (Salicaceae); XIANG YE YANG; Chinese Aspen.Used part: root cortex, bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andrelieve pain, quicken blood and free network vessels. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, paralysis in limbs, decayed toothache,static blood pain due to injury. Isolated compounds: 19184, 19192.T5145 Populus alba (Salicaceae); YIN BAI YANG; White Aspen. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and calm asthma, clear heat andresolve phlegm. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma Isolatedcompounds: 3600, 19184, 19192.T5146 Populus alba var. pyramdalis (Salicaceae); XIN JIANG YANG;Sinkiang Poplar*. Isolated compounds: 3600, 19184, 19192.T5147 Populus balsamifera (Salicaceae); ZHI YANG; Balsam Poplar.Isolated compounds: 115, 2414.T5148 Populus beijingensis (Salicaceae); BEI JING YANG; Beijing Poplar.Isolated compounds: 3600, 19184, 19192.T5149 Populus canadensis (Salicaceae); JIA YANG; Canada Poplar.Equivalent plant: Populus cathayana. Used part: male inflorescence.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, transform damp andcheck dysentery. TCM Indications: Bacteriogenic dysentery, enteritis.Isolated compounds: 3600, 19184.T5150 Populus cathayana (Salicaceae); QING YANG; Green Poplar. Usedpart: male inflorescence. TCM Effects: See Populus canadensis. TCMIndications: See Populus canadensis. Isolated compounds: 19184,19192.T5151 Populus davidiana (Salicaceae); SHAN YANG; Wild poplar. Used part:bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and quicken blood, clear heat anddisinhibit damp, expel worms. TCM Indications: Wind impediment,beriberi, static blood from knocks and falls, dysentery, lung heat cough,mouth sore, toothache, dribbling urination, ascariasis. Isolatedcompounds: 165, 3600, 19184, 19192, 20899.T5152 Populus heterophylla (Salicaceae); YI YE YANG; Swamp Cottonwood.Isolated compounds: 21508.T5153 Populus hopeiensis (Salicaceae); HE BEI YANG; Hebei Poplar.Isolated compounds: 19184, 19192.T5154 Populus koreana (Salicaceae); XIANG YANG; Korea Poplar. Isolatedcompounds: 19184, 19192.T5155 Populus lasiocarpa (Salicaceae); DA YE YANG; Bigleaf Poplar.Isolated compounds: 19184.T5156 Populus nigra var. thevestina (Salicaceae); JIAN GAN YANG;Arrowshaft Poplar. Used part: bark or leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, leg qi with edema, hepatitis,dysentery, burns and scalds, scab and lichen with bald sores. Isolatedcompounds: 19184.T5157 Populus pseudo-simonii (Salicaceae); XIAO QING YANG; FalseSimon Poplar. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Stubborn lichen with sore toxin. Isolated compounds:3600, 19184, 19192.T5158 Populus simonii (Salicaceae); XIAO YE YANG; Simon Poplar. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and quicken blood, clear heatand disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpattern, painful swelling from knocks and falls, lung heat cough,dribbling urination, mouth sore, toothache, dysentery, leg qi, ascariasis.Isolated compounds: 19184.T5159 Populus sp. (Salicaceae). Isolated compounds: 3600, 3695, 17828,19184, 20556.T5160 Populus spp. (Salicaceae). Isolated compounds: 2890, 17720.T5161 Populus tomentosa (Salicaceae); MAO BAI YANG; Chinese WhitePoplar. Used part: bark or twig. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCMIndications: Hepatitis, dysentery, strangury-turbidity, cough of phlegmasthma. Isolated compounds: 1485, 3600, 17720, 19184, 19192,21510.T5162 Populus tremula (Salicaceae); OU ZHOU SHAN YANG; Aspen.Isolated compounds: 21508.T5163 Populus tremuloides (Salicaceae); CHAN YANG; American Aspen.Isolated compounds: 2284, 17089, 21508, 21510.T5164 Populus trichocarpa (Salicaceae); MAO GUO YANG; BlackCottonwood. Isolated compounds: 21557.T5165 Populus ussuriensis (Salicaceae); DA QING YANG; Ussuri Poplar.Isolated compounds: 19184, 19192.T5166 Populus xiaohei (Salicaceae); XIAO HEI YANG; Slamm Black Poplar.Isolated compounds: 3600, 19184, 19192.T5167 Porana racemosa (Convolvulaceae); FEI E TENG; Racemose Porana.Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior, moveqi, quicken blood, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Common cold dueto wind-cold, food stagnation abdominal distention, innominate toxinswelling. Isolated compounds: 11132.T5168 Porella acutifolia ssp. tosana (Porellaceae); SHANG ZUO JIAN YEGUANG E TAI. Isolated compounds: 600, 601, 2352, 2429, 2430,2431, 2432, 2433, 2434, 6741, 7089, 10650, 10651, 16407, 16979,22311.T5169 Poria cocos (Polyporaceae); FU LING; Indian Bread. Used part:sclerotium. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and percolate damp,

536fortify spleen and quiet heart. TCM Indications: Neurasthenia,disquieted heart spirit, fright palpitation and insomnia, insomnia,pelvic inflammation, edema, scant urine with edema, phlegm-rheumdizziness, reduced food intake due to spleen vacuity, sloppy stool anddiarrhea, chronic diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 478, 617, 1112, 3140,3589, 4874, 4909, 4978, 6544, 6674, 6889, 7250, 9486, 9758, 9823,10070, 10311, 12569, 16496, 16497, 17387, 17664, 17722, 17723,17724, 17725, 17726, 17727, 17728, 21502, 22108, 22109, 22218.T5170 Porphyra sp. (Bangiaceae). Isolated compounds: 16345.T5171 Porphyra tenera (Bangiaceae); ZI CAI; Laver. Used part: thallospore.TCM Effects: To transform phlegm and soften hardness, clear heat anddisinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Goiter and tuberculosis, beriberi,edema, strangury, swelling pain in throat, cough, diarrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 3237, 6721, 8011, 12900, 12901, 13126, 15528, 16884,20998.T5172 Portulaca grandiflora (Portulacaceae); DA HUA MA CHI XIAN;Largeflower Purslane. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, sore and boil, eczema, painfulswelling from knocks and falls, burns and scalds, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 2319, 2320, 2322, 9662, 11018,11250, 11252, 17733, 17734, 17735, 17736, 17737, 17738, 17739,17740.T5173 Portulaca oleracea (Portulacaceae); MA CHI XIAN; Purslane. Usedpart: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, coolblood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Heat toxin blooddysentery, acute bacillary dysentery, pertussis, enteritis, appendicitis,swollen welling abscess and clove sores, eczema, erysipelas, bleeding,postpartum bleeding, hematochezia, bleeding from hemorrhoids,flooding and spotting, ascariasis, ancylostomiasis, snake or insect bites.Isolated compounds: 6558, 6559, 11250, 11252, 15708, 16074, 16075,16076, 16077, 16078.T5174 Portulaca pilosa (Portulacaceae); MAO MA CHI XIAN; PilosePurslane*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery,sore and boil. Isolated compounds: 11250, 11252, 17364, 17365,22624.T5175 Potamogeton lucens (Potamogetonaceae); GUANG YE YAN ZI CAI;Glabrousleaf Pondweed. Isolated compounds: 8680, 8700, 10546.T5176 Potamogeton natans (Potamogetonaceae); FU YE YAN ZI CAI;Floatingleaf Pondweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dispel damp and disinhibit water. TCMIndications: Red eyes with gall, swelling toxin of sore and wellingabscess, jaundice, edema, bleeding from hemorrhoids, ascariasis.Isolated compounds: 187, 5875, 5876, 7183, 7184, 10087, 11699,17742, 18815.T5177 Potamogeton pectinatus (Potamogetonaceae); BI CHI YAN ZI CAI;Fennelleaf Pondweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, sore andboil. Isolated compounds: 7049, 7161, 8641, 10298, 12409, 14405,14408.T5178 Potamogeton perfoliatus (Potamogetonaceae); SUAN SHUI CAO;Thorowort Pondweed. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Eczema, itchy skin.Isolated compounds: 13126, 15477, 22520.T5179 Potentilla anserina (Rosaceae); E RONG WEI LING CAI; SilverweedCinquefoil. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To supplement qi andblood, fortify spleen and stomach, engender liquid and allay thirst.TCM Indications: Blood vacuity during convalescence, ganaccumulation, edema, spleen vacuity diarrhea, wind-damp impedimentpain. Isolated compounds: 6853.T5180 Potentilla atrosanguinea (Rosaceae); AN HONG WEI LING CAI;Darksanguine Cinquefoil*. Isolated compounds: 4446.T5181 Potentilla chinensis (Rosaceae); WEI LING CAI; Chinese Cinquefoil.Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To cool blood andcheck dysentery, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Reddysentery and abdominal pain, enduring dysentery, bleedinghemorrhoids, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 8095, 12020, 18317, 22270.T5182 Potentilla discolor (Rosaceae); FAN BAI CAO; Discolor Cinquefoil.Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Cough and asthma due to lung heat, diarrhea dysentery, malaria,hacking of blood, blood ejection, bloody stool, flooding and spotting[=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 13374.T5183 Potentilla griffithii var. velutina (Rosaceae); CHANG ROU MAOWEI LING CAI; Velutinous Cinquefoil. Used part: root. TCM Effects:To rectify qi and disperse food, promote contraction and stanchbleeding, clear heat and quicken blood. TCM Indications: Foodaccumulation stomachache, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, child ganaccumulation, dysentery, incessant postpartum bleeding, infant frightwind, facial paralysis. Isolated compounds: 21392.T5184 Potentilla kleiniana (Rosaceae); SHE HAN WEI LING CAI; KleinCinquefoil. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and settle fright, interrupt malaria, relieve cough and transformphlegm, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Ardentfever with fright wind, malaria, lung heat cough, pertussis, dysentery,toxin swelling of sores, swelling pain in throat, wind-fire toothache,zoster, red eyes with gall, snake or insect bites, rheumatism numbness,knocks and falls, menstrual disorder, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 759, 17750.T5185 Potentilla multifida (Rosaceae); DUO LIE WEI LING CAI;Many-cleft Cinquefoil. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To stanch bleeding, disinhibit damp heat, kill worms. TCM Indications:Bleeding due to external injury, flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagiaand metrostaxis], hepatitis, oxyuria disease. Isolated compounds:10943, 22617.T5186 Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla (Rosaceae); JIN JIN BANG;Sericeous Cinquefoil. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To engenderliquid and allay thirst, enrich yin and remove heat. TCM Indications:Vacuity taxation with fever, vacuity asthma, febrile diseases fluiddamage, thirst with dry throat, turbid vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 18347.T5187 Potentilla spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 16765.T5188 Potentilla viscosa (Rosaceae); NIAN WEI LING CAI; Viscose

537Cinquefoil*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, promote contraction and stem desertion. TCMIndications: Enteritis, dysentery, pneumonia, prolapse of uterus.Isolated compounds: 17884.T5189 Pothos chinensis (Araceae); SHI GAN ZI; Chinese Pothos. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve pain, disperseaccumulation, dispel wind-damp, dissipate stasis and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Qi pain in heart and stomach, mounting qi, childgan accumulation, food accumulation distention and fullness, swollenliver and spleen due to bilharziosis, wind-damp impediment pain,beriberi, knocks and falls, fracture, otitis media, nasosinusitis. Isolatedcompounds: 20444.T5190 Prana discifera DA PENG TENG; Disciform Prana*. Isolatedcompounds: 3279.T5191 Prangos pabularia (Apiaceae); SHUAN CHI QIN; Common Prangos.Isolated compounds: 933, 9419, 13453, 16261, 16457, 16485, 16486,16487, 17028.T5192 Prangos tschimganica (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22064, 22065,22066.T5193 Pratia nummularia (Campanulaceae); TONG CHUI YU DAI CAO;Common Pratia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, quicken blood, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia],red eyes with gall, mammary welling abscess, innominate toxinswelling. Isolated compounds: 12941, 12942, 12943, 17766, 17767.Premna herbacea = Pygmaeopremna herbaceaT5194 Premna microphylla (Verbenaceae); DOU FU CHAI; Japanese Premna.Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, drunkenness, swollenwelling abscess, clove sore, erysipelas, snake or insect bites, bleedingdue to external injury. Isolated compounds: 21578.T5195 Premna subscandens (Verbenaceae); PAN YUAN CHOU HUANGJING; Climbing Premna. Isolated compounds: 17814, 17815, 17816,17817, 17818, 17819, 17820, 17821.T5196 Prenanthes acerifolia (Asteraceae); QI YE PAN GUO JU;Rattlesnakeroot. Isolated compounds: 17822.T5197 Primula auricula (Primulaceae); ER ZHUANG BAO CHUN HUA;Auricula. Isolated compounds: 16532.T5198 Primula elatior (Primulaceae); GAO BAO CHUN; Oxlip. Isolatedcompounds: 17857, 17859, 22607.T5199 Primula malacoides (Primulaceae); BAO CHUN HUA; Fairy Primrose.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, red swollen in throat, oral ulcer,gum swelling and pain, liver fire and red eyes, swollen welling abscess,sore and boil. Isolated compounds: 7334.T5200 Primula mistassinica (Primulaceae); JIA NA DA BAO CHUN;Mistassini Primrose. Isolated compounds: 17853.T5201 Primula modesta (Primulaceae); CHANG BAI SHAN BAO CHUN;Changpai Mountains Primrose. Isolated compounds: 17853.T5202 Primula obconica (Primulaceae); E BAO CHUN; Top Primrose. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To resolve liquor toxin, settle pain. Isolatedcompounds: 17857.Primula officinalis = Primula verisT5203 Primula pulverulenta (Primulaceae); YIN FEN BAO CHUN;Pulverulent Primrose. Isolated compounds: 7819.T5204 Primula veris [Syn. Primula officinalis] (Primulaceae); HUANG HUAJIU LUN CAO; Officinal Primrose*. Isolated compounds: 6225, 6226,10023, 14016.T5205 Primula viscosa (Primulaceae); NIAN BAO CHUN; Viscid Primrose*.Isolated compounds: 16532.T5206 Prinostemma aspera . Isolated compounds: 17862.T5207 Prismatomeris tetrandra (Rubiaceae); NAN SHAN HUA; FurstamenPrismatomeris. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To cool blood andstanch bleeding, disinhibit damp and abate jaundice, dissipate stasisand strengthen sinews. TCM Indications: Gum hemorrhage, anemia,hepatitis, rheumatic arthritis, knocks and falls, urinary tract infection.Isolated compounds: 5836, 10032, 10800.T5208 Pristimera indica (Hippocrateaceae); BIAN SHUO TENG; IndianPristimera. Isolated compounds: 17862.T5209 Pronephrium simplex [Syn. Meniscium simplex] (Thelypteridaceae);DAN YE XIN YUE JUE; Simple Pronephrium. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Swelling pain in throat, dysentery, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 17880.T5210 Prosopis juliflora (Fabaceae); MU DOU SHU; Algarroba. Isolatedcompounds: 11943, 16364, 19621.T5211 Prosopis spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 22581.T5212 Protea mellifera (Proteaceae); MI PU LUO TI YA MU; Sugar Bush.Isolated compounds: 9740.T5213 Protorhus thouvenotii (Anacardiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9388,21337, 21338.T5214 Prunella vulgaris (Lamiaceae); XIA KU CAO; Common Selfheal.Used part: spike. TCM Effects: To clear fire, brighten eyes, dissipatebinds, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall, eyeballnight pain, headache and dizziness, scrofula, goiter and tuberculosis,mammary welling abscess, thyroid enlargement, scrofula, hyperplasiaof mammary glands, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 1733, 3674,4680, 7751, 9616, 10334, 10350, 10887, 13137, 14158, 14306, 14307,14398, 14512, 14634, 14783, 14784, 14785, 14786, 14787, 14788,14803, 15539, 15540, 16036, 16050, 16905, 18006, 18007, 19758,20349, 20366, 21764, 22264, 22270, 22621, 22622.T5215 Prunus amygdalus (Rosaceae); BA DAN XING REN; AmygdalateApricot Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To moisten lung andsuppress cough, transform phlegm and precipitate qi. TCM Indications:Vacuity taxation cough, fullness and oppression in heart and abdomen.Isolated compounds: 1102, 1764, 2222, 5699, 7278, 9717.T5216 Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae); XING REN; Apricot Seed. Equivalentplant: Prunus armeniaca var. ansu. Used part: bitter seed. TCMEffects: To downbear qi and transform phlegm, relieve cough andcalm asthma, moisten intestines and free stool. TCM Indications:Cough, asthma and fullness due to external contraction cough,intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 1102, 1102, 1598,3760, 4550, 4817, 4835, 6540, 6820, 6821, 6822, 7821, 9486, 11123,12849, 12891, 12893, 13478, 15203, 15692, 16561, 18000, 19039,20280, 20995, 20998.T5217 Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae); XING SHU GEN; Apricot Root. Used

538part: root. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Poisoningfrom almonds. Isolated compounds: 2063.T5218 Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae); XING ZI; Apricot. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To moisten lung and settle asthma, engender liquid andallay thirst. TCM Indications: Lung heat dry cough, fluid damage andthirst. Isolated compounds: 3761, 7072, 9523, 14186, 15971, 17090,22615.T5219 Prunus armeniaca var. ansu (Rosaceae); SHAN XING REN; AnsuApricot Seed. Used part: bitter seed. TCM Effects: See Prunusarmeniaca. TCM Indications: See Prunus armeniaca. Isolatedcompounds: 1102, 1102, 9512, 9519, 12849, 20995, 20998.T5220 Prunus davidiana (Rosaceae); SHAN TAO JING BAI PI; David PeachBast. Used part: bast. TCM Effects: See Prunus persica. TCMIndications: See Prunus persica. Isolated compounds: 1764, 14768,15279, 16992, 16993.T5221 Prunus davidiana (Rosaceae); SHAN TAO ZHI; David Peach JuvenileBranch. Used part: branchlet. TCM Effects: See Prunus persica. TCMIndications: See Prunus persica. Isolated compounds: 15279.T5222 Prunus domestica (Rosaceae); YANG LI; Garden Plum. Isolatedcompounds: 7821, 15477.T5223 Prunus humilis [Syn. Cerasus humilis] (Rosaceae); OU LI REN;Chinese Dwarf Cherry Seed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: SeePrunus japonica. TCM Indications: See Prunus japonica. Isolatedcompounds: 15069, 15072.T5224 Prunus japonica [Syn. Cerasus japonica] (Rosaceae); YU LI REN;Dwarf Flowering Cherry Seed. Equivalent plant: Prunus humilis,Prunus japonica var. nakaii. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: Tomoisten dryness and lubricate intestines, precipitate qi, disinhibit water.TCM Indications: Desiccation of liquid and intestine dryness, foodaccumulation and qi stagnation, abdominal distention and constipation,edema, beriberi, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: 1102, 9717,12018, 15068, 15069, 15072.T5225 Prunus japonica var. nakaii (Rosaceae); CHANG GENG YU LI REN;Longpedicel Chinese Buscherry Seed. Used part: ripe seed. TCMEffects: See Prunus japonica. TCM Indications: See Prunus japonica.Isolated compounds: 15069, 15072.T5226 Prunus mume (Rosaceae); BAI MEI HUA; Japanese Apricot Flower.Used part: bud. TCM Effects: To soothe liver, harmonize stomach andtransform phlegm. TCM Indications: Globus hystericus, liver stomachqi pain, inappetence, dizziness, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 466,497, 2222, 2276, 2278, 3489, 3551, 7525, 11666, 17265, 18004,18005, 18351, 18378, 18390, 19087.T5227 Prunus mume (Rosaceae); MEI HE REN; Japanese Apricot Kernel.Used part: kernel. TCM Effects: To clear summerheat, brighten eyes,eliminate vexation. TCM Indications: Summerheat-heat and cholera,heat vexation, blurred vision. Isolated compounds: 1102.T5228 Prunus mume (Rosaceae); WU MEI; Japanese Apricot. Used part:unripe fruit. TCM Effects: To constrain lung and relieve cough,astringe intestines and check diarrhea, stanch bleeding, engenderliquid, quiet roundworm, close sores. TCM Indications: Enduringcough, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, hematuria, hematochezia,flooding and spotting, vacuity heat with vexation and thirst,roundworm reversal with abdominal pain, outcrop of sore and wellingabscess. Isolated compounds: 1102, 3766, 9717, 13419, 15279, 17328.T5229 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO; Peach. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects:To engender liquid, moisten intestines, quicken blood, disperseaccumulation. TCM Indications: Scant fluid and thirst, intestinal dryand constipation, amenorrhea, accumulation-gathering. Isolatedcompounds: 1102, 3318, 15068, 15069, 15477, 18003, 21143, 21171,22217.T5230 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO GEN; Peach Root. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, quicken blood andrelieve pain, disperse swollen welling abscess. TCM Indications:Jaundice, sand qi abdominal pain, lumbago, taxation damage due toknocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain, amenorrhea, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, swollen welling abscess,hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 6864, 9457.T5231 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO HUA; Peach Flower. Equivalentplant: SHAN TAO HUA. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: Todisinhibit water and free stool, quicken blood and transform stasis.TCM Indications: Inhibited urination, edema, phlegm-rheum, sandstrangury, stone strangury, beriberi, constipation, concretion andconglomeration, amenorrhea, mania and withdrawal, sore and papules.Isolated compounds: 15069, 15279, 21634.T5232 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO JING BAI PI; Peach Bast. Equivalentplant: Prunus davidiana. Used part: bast. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications:Edema, sand qi abdominal pain, lung heat asthma and oppression,welling abscess and flat abscess, scrofula, damp sore. Isolatedcompounds: 1764, 14768, 15279, 16992, 16993.T5233 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO REN; Peach Kernel. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dispel stasis, moisten intestinesand free stool. TCM Indications: Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea,concretion and conglomeration, lump glomus, knocks and falls,intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 1102, 3308,14448.T5234 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO YE; Peach Leaf. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and clear heat, dry damp and resolvetoxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Externally contracted wind evil,head wind, headache, wind impediment, eczema, swollen wellingabscess and sores, lichen sore, malaria, trichomoniasis. Isolatedcompounds: 15279, 18421.T5235 Prunus persica (Rosaceae); TAO ZHI; Peach Juvenile Branch.Equivalent plant: Prunus davidiana. Used part: branchlet. TCMEffects: To quicken blood and free network vessels, resolve toxin, killworms. TCM Indications: Pain in heart and abdomen, invisible wormsores. Isolated compounds: 1764, 15279, 16992, 16993, 19191.T5236 Prunus pseudocerasus (Rosaceae); YING TAO; Falsesour Cherry.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To supplement spleen and boost kidney.TCM Indications: Paralysis, spleen vacuity diarrhea, kidney vacuityand emission, pain in lumbus and legs, numbness in limbs. Isolatedcompounds: 8289, 9717, 19174.T5237 Prunus puddun (Rosaceae); PU DUN LI; Puddun Plum*. Isolatedcompounds: 18001.T5238 Prunus salicina (Rosaceae); LI HE REN; Japanese Plum Kernel. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To dispel stasis, disinhibit water, moisten

539intestines. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, blood stasis swellingand pain, ascites, beriberi, intestinal dry and constipation. Isolatedcompounds: 1102.T5239 Prunus salicina (Rosaceae); LI ZI; Japanese Plum. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To clear heat, engender liquid, disperse accumulation.TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation with steaming bone, diabetesmellitus, food accumulation. Isolated compounds: 1048, 1102, 22492.T5240 Prunus serotina (Rosaceae); YE HEI YING; Wild Rum-cherry.Isolated compounds: 4135, 19542.T5241 Prunus serrulata var. spontanea (Rosaceae); YE SHENG SHANYING TAO. Isolated compounds: 18007, 21865.T5242 Prunus sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 8278, 13126, 17403.T5243 Prunus spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 17399.T5244 Prunus tomentosa (Rosaceae); SHAN YING TAO; Downy Cherry.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen, boost qi, secureessence. TCM Indications: Food stagnation and diarrhea, constipation,beriberi, emission. Isolated compounds: 3308, 18411, 21436.T5245 Prunus verecunda (Rosaceae); WEI RUI LI; Verecun Plum*. Isolatedcompounds: 18001.T5246 Prunus yedoensis (Rosaceae); RI BEN YING HUA; Tokyo Cherry.Isolated compounds: 15279, 19173.T5247 Przewalskia tangutica (Solanaceae); MA NIAO PAO; TangutPrzewalskia. Used part: root and seed. TCM Effects: To resolve spasmand relieve pain, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Stomachache,cholecystitis, acute gastroenteritis, chronic gastroenteritis, innominatetoxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 10872.T5248 Psacalium peltatum (Asteraceae); DUN ZHUANG LI JU; Matarique(in Mexico). Used part: root. TCM Indications: wind-damp(rheumatis) [5509] . Isolated compounds: 16792.T5249 Psammaplysilla purpurea ZI SHA ROU HAI MIAN; SpongePsammaplysilla purpurea. Isolated compounds: 18212, 18213.T5250 Psammosilene tunicoides (Caryophyllaceae); JIN TIE SUO; TuniclikePsammosilene. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis andsettle pain, stanch bleeding, disperse welling abscess and expel pus.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, wind-damp pain, stomachache,welling abscess and boil, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 4462, 4463, 4464, 4534, 8057, 8058, 8073, 8074, 8075,14401, 18014, 18015, 18418.T5251 Pseudoceratina purpurea . Isolated compounds: 110.T5252 Pseudodrynaria coronans (Polypodiaceae); CHUAN SHI JIAN;Rock-ginger Fern. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Drynariafortunei. TCM Indications: See Drynaria fortunei. Isolated compounds:9642.T5253 Pseudoelephantopus spicatus (Asteraceae); JIA DI DAN CAO;Spicate Pseudoelephantopus. Isolated compounds: 4203.T5254 Pseudognaphalium cheiranthifolium . Isolated compounds: 7015.T5255 Pseudognaphalium heterotrichium . Isolated compounds: 7015.T5256 Pseudolarix amabilis [Syn. Larix amabilis; Pseudolarix kaempferi](Pinaceae); TU JING PI; Chinese Golden Larch. Used part: root cortexand bark near root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Scab and lichen, eczema,neurodermatitis . Isolated compounds: 489, 4769, 4770, 6104, 14702,14703, 18031, 18032, 18033, 18034, 18035, 18036, 18037, 18038,18039, 18040, 18041, 18042, 18043, 18044, 18045, 18046, 18047,18048, 18049.Pseudolarix kaempferi = Pseudolarix amabilisT5257 Pseudophegopteris bukoensis (Thelypteridaceae). Isolated compounds:17974.T5258 Pseudophegopteris hirtirachis (Thelypteridaceae). Isolated compounds:17974.T5259 Pseudophegopteris subaurita (Thelypteridaceae); GUANG NANG ZIBING JUE; Long-eared Pseudophegopteris. Isolated compounds:17974.T5260 Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Caryophyllaceae); YI YE JIA FAN LV;Heterophylla Falsestarwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To boost qiand fortify spleen, moisten lung and engender liquid. TCM Indications:Spleen vacuity and fatigued body, inappetence, weakness duringconvalescence, qi and yin vacuity, thirst due to spontaneous sweating,dry cough due to lung dryness. Isolated compounds: 1526, 1673, 9569,14870, 18064, 18065, 18066, 18067, 18068, 18069.T5261 Pseudotsuga sinensis (Pinaceae); HUANG SHAN; China Douglas Fir.Isolated compounds: 10481, 21134.T5262 Pseuduvaria spp. (Annonaceae). Isolated compounds: 15751.T5263 Psiadia anchusifolia . Isolated compounds: 6372, 21204.T5264 Psiadia dentata . Isolated compounds: 11569.T5265 Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae); FAN SHI LIU GAN; Guava UnripeFruit. Used part: unripe fruit. TCM Effects: To promote contractionand check drain, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Chronic dysentery,flooding and spotting. Isolated compounds: 2039, 3301, 3303, 8095,9043, 12714, 18837, 20910.T5266 Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae); FAN SHI LIU PI; Guava Bark. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To promote astriction, check diarrhea, closesores. TCM Indications: Damp toxin of scab sore, toothache, sore andboil in children. Isolated compounds: 1083, 1736, 3296, 12714, 13125.T5267 Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae); FAN SHI LIU YE; Guava Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To dry damp and fortify spleen, clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Dysentery, food accumulationabdominal distention, gingiva painful swelling, wind-dampimpediment pain, eczema shank sore, swelling toxin of clove sore,painful swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury,snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 1083, 2039, 7521, 9043,9073, 9074, 12714, 18378, 20389.T5268 Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae); FAN SHI LIU ZI; Guava Seed. Usedpart: seed. TCM Effects: To relieve pain, arrest diarrhea. TCMIndications: Abdominal pain, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 6284,6285.T5269 Psilotum nudum (Psilotaceae); SHI SHUA BA; Nude Fern. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quickenblood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impedimentpain, wind papules, amenorrhea, blood ejection, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 1031, 1032, 1033, 18084, 18085.T5270 Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); BU GU ZHI; Malaytea Scurfpea.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and invigorateyang, accept qi and calm asthma, warm spleen and check diarrhea.TCM Indications: Fracture, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, kidney yangvacuity, cold pain in lumbus and knees, impotence and emission,

540frequent urination, enuresis, kidney qi insecurity, vacuity asthma,spleen-kidney vacuity, chronic diarrhea, white patch wind, alopeciaareata, psoriasis. Isolated compounds: 1191, 2081, 2123, 2171, 2172,2173, 2174, 2175, 2176, 2177, 4107, 4108, 4109, 4110, 4680, 6537,11248, 11345, 11557, 11632, 15203, 15341, 15342, 18086, 18087,18088, 18089, 20081, 20280, 20369, 21537, 22774.T5271 Psoralea drupacea (Fabaceae); HE GUO ZHUANG BU GU ZHI;Drupaceous Scurfpea*. Isolated compounds: 2081.T5272 Psorospermum febrifugum (Clusiaceae); PU SUO MU. TCM Effects:To resolve heat, resolve toxin, free stool [5509] . TCM Indications:Constipation, numbing wind (leprosy) [5509] . Isolated compounds:18091, 22551.T5273 Psorothamnus junceus (Fabaceae); DENG XIN DAI ER DOU.Isolated compounds: 18092.T5274 Psychotria beccaroides (Rubiaceae); BI CHUAN JIU JIE MU. Isolatedcompounds: 18094.T5275 Psychotria forsteriana (Rubiaceae); FU SI TE JIU JIE; ForsterNinenode*. Isolated compounds: 18295, 18296.T5276 Psychotria leiocarpa (Rubiaceae); PING HUA GUO JIU JE; Leio-fruitNinenode*. Isolated compounds: 8746.T5277 Psychotria oleoides (Rubiaceae); YOU GAN LAN JIU JIE; OliveNinenode*. Isolated compounds: 18093.T5278 Psychotria rostrata (Rubiaceae); HUI ZHUANG JIU JIE; RostralNinenode*. Isolated compounds: 18296.T5279 Psychotria serpens (Rubiaceae); MAN JIU JIE; Creeping Ninenode.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels, disperse swellingand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Pain in joints due to rheumatalgia,deadlimb, taxation damage in lumbar muscle, sciatica, multipleswollen welling abscess, bone tuberculosis, knocks and falls, fracture,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 14144, 20369.T5280 Ptaeroxylon obliquum (Ptaeroxylaceae). Isolated compounds: 14125,18097.T5281 Ptelea sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 15645.T5282 Ptelea trifoliata (Rutaceae); YU JU; Common Hoptree. Isolatedcompounds: 13904, 14446, 14705, 15348, 18102.T5283 Pteridium aquilinum (Pteridaceae); OU ZHOU JUE; Bracken. Isolatedcompounds: 6678, 18000, 18099, 18100, 18101, 18124, 18150, 18151.T5284 Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (Pteridaceae); JUE; EasternBracken Fern. Used part: tender leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, downbear qi and transform phlegm, stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, jaundice, dysentery,vaginal discharge, dysphagia-occlusion, tuberculosis and hemoptysis,intestinal wind bleeding, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolatedcompounds: 490, 2267, 11013, 11351, 16565, 16566, 16567, 17700,17703, 18098, 18112, 18116, 18117, 18118, 18119, 18120, 18121,18122, 18131, 18132, 18133, 18134, 18135, 18136, 18137, 18138,18145, 18146, 18147, 18149, 18161, 18162.T5285 Pteridophyllum spp. Isolated compounds: 3498.T5286 Pteris bella (Pteridaceae); CHANG BING FENG WEI JUE; PrettyBrake. Isolated compounds: 18155.T5287 Pteris cretica (Pteridaceae); DA YE JING KOU BIAN CAO; CretanBrake. Isolated compounds: 18154.T5288 Pteris cretica var. nervosa [Syn. Pteris nervosa] (Pteridaceae); FENGWEI JUE; Nervous Brake. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp, stanch bleeding and engender flesh,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Diarrhea,dysentery, jaundice, strangury syndrome, edema, coughing of blood,hematuria, hematochezia, bleeding knife wound, painful swelling fromknocks and falls, sore and welling abscess, burns and scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 18098, 18154.T5289 Pteris dactylina (Pteridaceae); JIN JI WEI; Figuerleaved Brake. Usedpart: whole herb or rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, disinhibit water and transform damp, settle fright. TCMIndications: Dysentery, diarrhea, mumps, lymphnoditis, leukorrhea,edema, infant fright wind, rabid dog bite. Isolated compounds: 18150,18152.T5290 Pteris fauriei [Syn. Pteris fauriei var. minor] (Pteridaceae); JIN CHAIFENG WEI JUE; Faurie’s Brake. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp, dispel wind and settle fright, closesores and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea,jaundice, infant fright wind, bleeding due to external injury, burns andscalds. Isolated compounds: 18126, 18127, 18128, 18129, 18130,18158, 18159.Pteris fauriei var. minor = Pteris faurieiT5291 Pteris inaequalis (Pteridaceae); BIAN YI FENG WEI JUE; UnequalBrake. Isolated compounds: 18126, 18127.T5292 Pteris kiuschiuensis (Pteridaceae); PING YU FENG WEI JUE; KiushuBrake. Isolated compounds: 18155, 18156.T5293 Pteris linearis (Pteridaceae); XIAN YU FENG WEI JUE; LinearBrake. Isolated compounds: 18155.T5294 Pteris livida (Pteridaceae). Isolated compounds: 18154.T5295 Pteris multifida (Pteridaceae); FENG WEI CAO; Chinese Brake. Usedpart: whole herb or rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitdamp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling, cool blood and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea, strangury-turbidity,vaginal discharge, jaundice, swelling toxin of clove sore, throatimpediment with nipple moth, scrofula, parotitis, mastitis, ardent feverand convulsion, snake or insect bites, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, hematuria, hematochezia, bleeding due to externalinjury. Isolated compounds: 18139, 18150, 18154, 18289, 18290.Pteris nervosa = Pteris cretica var. nervosaT5296 Pteris oshimensis (Pteridaceae); XIE YU FENG WEI JUE; ObliquePinna Brake. Isolated compounds: 18125, 18152.T5297 Pteris plumbea (Pteridaceae); LI BING FENG WEI JUE;Lead-coloured Brake. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Dysentery, knocks and falls, bleeding knife wound.Isolated compounds: 16849, 18107, 18108, 18109, 18110, 18111.T5298 Pteris vittata (Pteridaceae); WU GONG CAO; Chinese Brake. Usedpart: whole herb or rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels, resolvetoxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain in sinew andbone, lumbago, numbness in limbs, hemiplegia, knocks and falls,common cold, dysentery, mammary welling abscess, sore toxin, scabsore, ascariasis, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 12525.

541T5299 Pteris wallichinan (Pteridaceae); SAN CHA FENG WEI JUE;Wallichi’s Brake. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand check dysentery, settle fright, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Dysentery, infant fright wind, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 18125.T5300 Pterocarpus angolensis (Fabaceae); AN GE LA ZI TAN; AngolaPadauk*. Isolated compounds: 15998, 18001.T5301 Pterocarpus indicus (Fabaceae); ZI TAN; Burmacoast Padauk. Usedpart: wood. TCM Effects: To dispel stasis and harmonize construction,stanch bleeding and settle pain. TCM Indications: Headache, pain inheart and abdomen, persistent flow of lochia, dribbling pain ofurination, wind toxin and swollen welling abscess, incised wound andbleeding. Isolated compounds: 1240, 6290, 7883, 18103, 18104,18163.T5302 Pterocarpus marsupium (Fabaceae); NANG ZHUANG ZI TAN;Vengai Padauk. Isolated compounds: 8620, 13579, 18105, 18106,18115, 18164, 22476, 22477.T5303 Pterocarpus officinalis (Fabaceae); YAO YONG ZI TAN; MedicinalPadauk*. Isolated compounds: 10877.T5304 Pterocarpus osun (Fabaceae); E SUN ZI TAN; Osun Padauk*. Isolatedcompounds: 18103.T5305 Pterocarpus santalinus (Fabaceae); SI ZI TAN; Sandalwood Padauk.Isolated compounds: 2983, 5761, 8307, 9818, 10522, 10753, 13678,18103, 18163, 19427, 19912.T5306 Pterocarpus sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6853, 18020.T5307 Pterocarpus spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004.T5308 Pterocarya stenoptera (Juglandaceae); MA LIU YE; Chinese Wingnut.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relieve pain, killworms and relieve itch, resolve toxin and close sores. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, toothache, knee joint pain,scab and lichen, eczema, trichomoniasis, scalds, wound, enduringsores, bilharziosis, cough and asthma. Isolated compounds: 19187.T5309 Pterocladia tenuis (Gelidiaceae); JI MAO CAI; Chicken-featherVegatable*. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drainfire, soften hardness and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Lungheat abundant phlegm dry cough, laryngitis, chronic constipation.Isolated compounds: 18281.T5310 Pterospermum lanceaefolium (Sterculiaceae); ZHAI YE BAN FENGHE; Lanceleaf Wingseedtree. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 2170, 6854, 12020, 18317, 18411,19542, 19983.T5311 Pueraria calycina (Fabaceae); HUANG MAO GE; Yellow-hairy CalyxKudzuvine. Isolated compounds: 4604, 18180.T5312 Pueraria edulis (Fabaceae); SHI YONG GE; Edible Kudzuvine. Usedpart: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Pueraria lobata. TCM Indications:See Pueraria lobata. Isolated compounds: 4604, 4606, 18180.T5313 Pueraria lobata [Syn. Pueraria thunbergiana; Pueraria pseudohirsuta](Fabaceae); GE GEN; Lobed Kudzuvine Root. Equivalent plant:Pueraria thomsonii, Pueraria edulis, Pueraria omeiensis, Puerariaphaseoloides. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To engender liquid,outthrust papules, upbear yang and check diarrhea. TCM Indications:Angina pectoris, hypertension, headache due to externally contractedwind-heat, rigidity of neck, thirst, diabetes mellitus, non-eruption ofmeasles, heat dysentery, diarrhea, deafness in early stage, optic nerveatrophy, retinitis. Isolated compounds: 917, 1598, 4190, 4604, 4605,4606, 4680, 5345, 7883, 7885, 8278, 8282, 12113, 12308, 12309,13445, 14080, 14494, 14706, 18180, 18181, 18182, 18183, 18184,18185, 18186, 18859, 19540, 19983, 20083, 21751, 21781, 22080.T5314 Pueraria lobata var. thomsonii (Fabaceae); FEN GE; ThomsonKudzuvine. Isolated compounds: 4604, 4606, 18180.T5315 Pueraria mirifica (Fabaceae); GUO YE GE; Mirifica Kudzuvine.Isolated compounds: 14883.T5316 Pueraria omeiensis (Fabaceae); E MEI GE; Omei Kudzuvine. Usedpart: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Pueraria lobata. TCM Indications:See Pueraria lobata. Isolated compounds: 4604, 4606, 18180.T5317 Pueraria peduncularis (Fabaceae); YUN NAN GE TENG; YunnanKudzuvine. Used part: lianoid stem or root. TCM Effects: To killworms (stem), upbear yang and resolve exterior (root). TCMIndications: Impotence, common cold (root). Isolated compounds:4604, 6061, 6062, 7273, 8663, 8683, 18180.T5318 Pueraria phaseoloides (Fabaceae); SAN LIE YE GE; TrilobedleafKudzuvine. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Pueraria lobata.TCM Indications: See Pueraria lobata. Isolated compounds: 4604,4606, 18180.Pueraria pseudohirsuta = Pueraria lobataT5319 Pueraria spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 18180.T5320 Pueraria thomsonii (Fabaceae); GAN GE TENG GEN; ThomsonKudzuvine Root. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: See Puerarialobata. TCM Indications: See Pueraria lobata. Isolated compounds:4605, 4606, 14706, 18180.Pueraria thunbergiana = Pueraria lobataT5321 Pueraria tuberosa (Fabaceae); KUAI JING GE; Tuberous Kudzuvine*.Isolated compounds: 20369, 22080.T5322 Pulicaria wightiana (Fabaceae); ZAO CAO; Pulicaria*. Isolatedcompounds: 16741, 16742, 16743, 16744, 16745.T5323 Pulsatilla campanella (Ranunculaceae); ZHONG E BAI TOU WENG;Bellcalyx Pulsatilla. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Pulsatillachinensis. TCM Indications: See Pulsatilla chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 12642, 12643, 18195, 18196.T5324 Pulsatilla cernua (Ranunculaceae); CHAO XIAN BAI TOU WENG;Korean Pulsatilla. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Pulsatillachinensis. TCM Indications: See Pulsatilla chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 3433, 19316, 20369.T5325 Pulsatilla chinensis (Ranunculaceae); BAI TOU WENG; ChinesePulsatilla. Equivalent plant: Pulsatilla cernua, Pulsatilla campanella,Pulsatilla dahurica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and check diarrhea, dry damp and kill worms.TCM Indications: Amebic dysentery, nosebleed, flooding and spotting,bleeding from hemorrhoids, cold-heat warm malaria, vaginaldischarge, pudendal itch, eczema, scrofula, welling abscess, painfulred eyes, neurodermatitis. Isolated compounds: 266, 1178, 1179, 1180,1181, 1182, 3340, 4431, 4680, 5951, 5952, 6106, 9260, 10674, 10675,16295, 18191, 18192, 18193, 18194, 18545, 18686.T5326 Pulsatilla dahurica (Ranunculaceae); XING AN BAI TOU WENG;Dahurian Pulsatilla*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Pulsatilla

542chinensis. TCM Indications: See Pulsatilla chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 12642, 12644.T5327 Punica granatum (Punicaceae); SHI LIU GEN; Pomegranate Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To kill worms, astringe intestines, checkdischarge. TCM Indications: Ascariasis, taeniasis, chronic diarrhea,chronic dysentery, red and white vaginal discharge. Isolatedcompounds: 6632, 8808, 14534, 16781, 16789, 18055.T5328 Punica granatum (Punicaceae); SHI LIU PI; Pomegranate Peel. Usedpart: pericarp. TCM Effects: To astringe intestines and check diarrhea,stanch bleeding, expel worms. TCM Indications: Chronic diarrhea,chronic dysentery, hematochezia, prolapse of rectum, flooding andspotting, leukorrhea, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation.Isolated compounds: 7951, 8095, 14534, 16789, 18200, 18201, 18202,18204, 18205, 18206, 21177.T5329 Punica granatum (Punicaceae); SHI LIU XIN CAI; PomegranateHeartwood. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To expel worms, astringeintestines, check discharge. TCM Indications: Ascariasis, taeniasis,enduring diarrhea, enduring dysentery, red and white vaginal discharge.Isolated compounds: 5485, 6347, 8115, 14344.T5330 Punica granatum (Punicaceae); SHI LIU YE; Pomegranate Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To promote contraction and check drain,resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Diarrhea, furunculosis,lai sore, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 17805.T5331 Punica granatum (Punicaceae); SHI LIU ZHONG ZI; PomegranateSeed. Isolated compounds: 3984, 4680, 6344, 10949, 17087, 19923,21955.T5332 Punica granatum (Punicaceae); SUAN SHI LIU; Pomegranate. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To allay thirst, astringe intestines, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Diarrhea, chronic dysentery, flooding andspotting, vaginal discharge. Isolated compounds: 7387, 18203, 21576.T5333 Punica granatum cv. nana (Punicaceae); YUE JI SHI LIU; DwarfPomegranate. Isolated compounds: 7387.T5334 Putoria calabrica (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 18226, 18227.T5335 Putranjiva roxburghii (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 18229.T5336 Putterlickia verrucosa DUO ZHI PU TE MU. Isolated compounds:15776.T5337 Pycnarrhena longifolia (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 9597.T5338 Pycnarrhena ozantha (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 15804.T5339 Pycnoporus sanguineus (Polyporaceae); XUE HONG SHUAN JUN.Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: See Trametes cinnabarina. TCMIndications: See Trametes cinnabarina. Isolated compounds: 18231.T5340 Pygeum topengii (Rosaceae); TUN XING GUO; Topeng Pygeum.Used part: bark. TCM Indications: Maybe cure prostatauxe. Isolatedcompounds: 4680, 6178, 7657, 7951.T5341 Pygmaeopremna herbacea [Syn. Premna herbacea] (Verbenaceae);QIAN JIE CAO; Herbaceous Pygmaeopremna. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relieve pain, dispel wind andeliminate damp, fortify spleen and disperse food. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, wind-damp impediment pain, pain in stomach duct,indigestion, diarrhea, toxin swelling of sores. Isolated compounds:5468, 18232, 18233, 18234, 18235, 18236.T5342 Pyrenula japonica (Pyrenulaceae); RI BEN XIAO HE YI; Asian lichen.Isolated compounds: 5993, 21810.T5343 Pyrethrum sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 22103.T5344 Pyrola atropurpurea (Pyrolaceae); ZI BEI LU TI CAO; PurplebackPyrola. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Pyrola calliantha.TCM Indications: See Pyrola calliantha. Isolated compounds: 9594,10887.T5345 Pyrola calliantha [Syn. Pyrola rotundifolia ssp. chinensis](Pyrolaceae); LU XIAN CAO; Chinese Pyrola. Equivalent plant:Pyrola decorata, Pyrola japonica, Pyrola incarnata, Pyrolarotundifolia, Pyrola atropurpurea, Pyrola calliantha var. tibetana.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, strengthensinews and bones, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Pulmonaryinfection, intestinal infection, urinary tract infection, infant diarrhea,acute dysentery, wind-damp impediment pain, lassitude in lumbus andknees, profuse menstruation, enduring cough. Isolated compounds:1618, 3526, 5763, 8095, 9594, 10887, 18270, 18317, 18620.T5346 Pyrola calliantha var. tibetana (Pyrolaceae); XI ZANG LU TI CAO;Tibet Pyrola*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Pyrolacalliantha. TCM Indications: See Pyrola calliantha. Isolatedcompounds: 9594.T5347 Pyrola decorata (Pyrolaceae); PU TONG LU TI CAO; CommonPyrola. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Pyrola calliantha.TCM Indications: See Pyrola calliantha. Isolated compounds: 1935,9594, 10887, 11642, 18270.T5348 Pyrola forrestiana (Pyrolaceae); DA LI LU TI CAO; Forrest Pyrola.Isolated compounds: 9594.T5349 Pyrola incarnata (Pyrolaceae); HONG HUA LU TI CAO; RedflowerPyrola. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Pyrola calliantha.TCM Indications: See Pyrola calliantha. Isolated compounds: 3526,9594, 10888, 11456, 17876, 17881, 17884, 17892, 17896, 22270.T5350 Pyrola japonica (Pyrolaceae); RI BEN LU TI CAO; Japanese Pyrola.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Pyrola calliantha. TCMIndications: See Pyrola calliantha. Isolated compounds: 1618, 3526,6336, 8697, 9363, 9594, 10150, 10198, 10200, 14933, 16050, 17476,18317, 19983, 22270.T5351 Pyrola rotundifolia (Pyrolaceae); YUAN YE LU TI CAO; EuropeanPyrola. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Pyrola calliantha.TCM Indications: See Pyrola calliantha. Isolated compounds: 1618,9594, 11456, 18268, 18269, 18270, 18620.Pyrola rotundifolia ssp. chinensis = Pyrola callianthaT5352 Pyrola rugosa (Pyrolaceae); ZHOU YE LU TI CAO; WrinkledleafPyrola. Isolated compounds: 9594, 22270.Pyropolyporus fomentarius = Fomes fomentariusT5353 Pyrrosia calvata (Polypodiaceae); GUANG SHI WEI; Bald Pyrrosia.Isolated compounds: 11524, 13481.T5354 Pyrrosia davidii (Polypodiaceae); BEI JING SHI WEI; PekingPyrrosia Frond. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Pyrrosia lingua.TCM Indications: See Pyrrosia lingua. Isolated compounds: 3551,13481.T5355 Pyrrosia drakeana (Polypodiaceae); ZHAN MAO SHI WEI;Panniform Pyrrosia. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Pyrrosialingua. TCM Indications: See Pyrrosia lingua. Isolated compounds:3551, 7283.T5356 Pyrrosia gralla (Polypodiaceae); XI NAN SHI WEI; Stilted Pyrrosia.

543Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Pyrrosia lingua. TCM Indications:See Pyrrosia lingua. Isolated compounds: 3551, 7283.T5357 Pyrrosia lingua (Polypodiaceae); SHI WEI; Japanese Felt Fern Frond.Equivalent plant: Pyrrosia sheareri, Pyrrosia davidii, Pyrrosiapetiolosa. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and freestrangury, clear heat and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Heatstrangury, blood strangury, stone strangury, urinary stoppage, drippingwith inhibited pain, blood ejection, nosebleed(epistaxis), hematuria,flooding and spotting, lung heat cough asthma, urethral stone, urinarytract infection, bleeding. Isolated compounds: 3551, 7283, 9641,11524, 11642, 12020, 13481, 18317, 19983, 20446, 21634.T5358 Pyrrosia petiolosa (Polypodiaceae); YOU BING SHI WEI; PetioledPyrrosia Frond. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Pyrrosia lingua.TCM Indications: See Pyrrosia lingua. Isolated compounds: 3551,7283, 11524, 13481.T5359 Pyrrosia pseudocalvata (Polypodiaceae); NI GUANG SHI WEI;Pseudobald Pyrrosia*. Isolated compounds: 3551, 11524, 13481.T5360 Pyrrosia sheareri (Polypodiaceae); LU SHAN SHI WEI; Shearer’sPyrrosia Frond. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: See Pyrrosia lingua.TCM Indications: See Pyrrosia lingua. Isolated compounds: 2887,3551, 5763, 7283, 7996, 9641, 11524, 13481, 19983, 20446.T5361 Pyrus betulaefolia (Rosaceae); TANG LI; Birchleaf Pear. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To constrain lung, astringe intestines, dispersefood. TCM Indications: Cough, diarrhea, dysentery, food accumulation.Isolated compounds: 15363.T5362 Pyrus bretschneideri (Rosaceae); LI YE; Bretschneider Pear Leaf.Equivalent plant: Pyrus pyrifolia. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Tosoothe liver and harmonize stomach, disinhibit water and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, edema,inhibited urination, child mounting qi, poisoning of mushrooms.Isolated compounds: 1618, 11325, 11326.T5363 Pyrus calleryana (Rosaceae); YE LI ZHI YE; Callery Pear Branch-leaf.Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, moisten lung and relieve cough, move qi and fortify stomach.TCM Indications: Incessant vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal painand cramp, stomach reflux vomiting. Isolated compounds: 1618, 2894,5769, 9820, 17966, 17969, 22340.T5364 Pyrus communis (Rosaceae); XI YANG LI; Common Pear. Isolatedcompounds: 324, 1618, 9740, 18280.T5365 Pyrus pashia (Rosaceae); CHUAN LI GUO; Pashi Pear Fruit. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To disperse food and transform accumulation,dispel stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Meat-type foodaccumulation, indigestion, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, postpartum bloodstasis abdominal pain, hypertension. Isolated compounds: 7951.T5366 Pyrus pyrifolia (Rosaceae); SHA LI YE; Sand Pear Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: See Pyrus bretschneideri. TCM Indications: SeePyrus bretschneideri. Isolated compounds: 1618.T5367 Pyrus sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 7729.T5368 Python molurus bivittatus (Boidae); MANG SHE; Indian Python. Usedpart: meat. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and quicken network vessels,kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind impediment,paralysis, leprosy, scab and lichen, malign sore. Isolated compounds:20038.QT5369 Quassia africana (Simaroubaceae); FEI ZHOU KU MU; AfricanQuassia*. Isolated compounds: 15554, 19900.T5370 Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae); MEI ZHOU KU MU; SurinamQuassia. Isolated compounds: 15454, 15549, 15561, 18298, 18299,19900.T5371 Quercus aliena (Fagaceae); HU LI; Peking Oak. Isolated compounds:17754.T5372 Quercus dentata (Fagaceae); HU YE; Daimyo Oak Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, free strangury. TCMIndications: Spontaneous external bleeding, blood ejection,hematochezia, bleeding from hemorrhoids, blood dysentery, dribblingpain of urination. Isolated compounds: 12038.T5373 Quercus iberica (Fagaceae); YI BI LI YA LI; Iberian Oak*. Isolatedcompounds: 18317.T5374 Quercus infectoria (Fagaceae); MO SHI ZI; Aleppo Gall (GallaHalepensis). Used part: cecidum. TCM Effects: To secure qi and roughessence, constrain lung, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Diarrhea,hematochezia, emission, genital sweating, cough, hemoptysis,toothache, bleeding due to external injury, enduring sores. Isolatedcompounds: 8095, 16836, 20566.T5375 Quercus mongolica (Fagaceae); MENG GU LI; Mongolian Oak. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and check dysentery, relievecough, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Bacillary dysentery, child indigestion, swollen welling abscess,hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 7951, 8788, 9479.T5376 Quercus phillyraeoides (Fagaceae); FEI LI GUI LI; Mocketprivet-likeOak. Isolated compounds: 17144.T5377 Quercus robur (Fagaceae); OU ZHOU BAI LI; Common Oak. Isolatedcompounds: 18410.T5378 Quercus rubra (Fagaceae); HONG LI; Spanish Oak. Isolatedcompounds: 9202.T5379 Quercus sp. (Fagaceae). Isolated compounds: 3301, 3983, 7518, 19910,20910.T5380 Quercus spp. (Fagaceae). Isolated compounds: 16765.T5381 Quercus tinctoria (Fagaceae); ZHUO SE LI; Black Oak. Isolatedcompounds: 18411.T5382 Quillaja saponaria (Rosaceae); ZAO PI SHU; Soapbark Tree. Isolatedcompounds: 18418.T5383 Quisqualis fructus (Combretaceae). Isolated compounds: 18452.T5384 Quisqualis indica (Combretaceae); SHI JUN ZI; Rangooncreeper.Used part: ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and kill worms,eliminate food stagnation. TCM Indications: Ascariasis, oxyuriadisease, child gan accumulation. Isolated compounds: 17746, 18452,21662.T5385 Quisqualis indica (Combretaceae); SHI JUN ZI YE; RangooncreeperLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and fortify spleen,resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications: Child ganaccumulation, distention fullness in stomach duct and abdomen, wormaccumulation, ulcerating sore and boil. Isolated compounds: 17746,21662.T5386 Quisqualis indica var. villosa (Combretaceae); MAO SHI JUN ZI;

544Villous Rangooncreeper*. Isolated compounds: 18452.T5387 Quivisia papinae. Isolated compounds: 4714, 9808, 18453.RT5388 Rabdosia adenantha (Lamiaceae); XIAN HUA XIANG CHA CAI;Glandularflower Rabdosia. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Heat toxin sores,diarrhea, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610,611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 619, 621, 622, 623, 2949, 7917, 11391,15507, 22657.T5389 Rabdosia coetsa (Lamiaceae); XI ZHUI XIANG CHA CAI;Littleconical Rabdosia. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To effuseexterior and dissipate wind, transform damp and harmonize center,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold, vomiting,diarrhea, wind-damp numbness pain, eczema titillation, leg qidamp-erosion, bleeding knife wound. Isolated compounds: 3895, 3896,3897, 18456, 18457, 18458, 18459.T5390 Rabdosia coetsoides (Lamiaceae); JIA XI ZHUI XIANG CHA CAI;Falselittleconical Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 3898, 3899, 3900,3901, 3902, 3903, 3904, 3905.T5391 Rabdosia eriocalyx (Lamiaceae); MAO E XIANG CHA CAI;Hairysepal Rabdosia. Used part: leaf or root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Common cold with headache, wind-damp impedimentpain, diarrhea and abdomen pain, mounting qi [=hernia], leg qi,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, knife wound. Isolatedcompounds: 6908, 6958, 7267, 7268, 7269, 7270, 7271, 7275, 13523,13524, 13525, 13526, 13527, 13528, 13529, 13530, 13531, 13532,13533, 13534, 13535, 13536, 13537, 13538, 13539, 13540, 13541,13542, 18494, 18495.T5392 Rabdosia excisa (Lamiaceae); WEI YE XIANG CHA CAI; TaillikeleafRabdosia. Isolated compounds: 7674, 7675, 7676, 7677, 7678, 7679,7680, 7681, 7682, 7683, 7684, 9362, 12123, 12125, 18472, 18485.Rabdosia inflexa = Isodon inflexaRabdosia japonica = Isodon japonicaT5393 Rabdosia longituba (Lamiaceae); CHANG GUAN XIANG CHA CAI;Longtube Rabdosia. Used part: root, leaf or whole herb. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Summerheat stroke with abdominal pain, urinarytract infection, mastitis, painful wound from knocks and falls,agkistrodon bite. Isolated compounds: 11511, 12123, 12957, 12958,12959, 12960, 12961, 12962, 12963, 12970, 12971, 12972, 12973,12974, 12975, 12976, 12977, 15988, 18466, 18467, 18468, 18469,18477, 18925.Rabdosia lophanthoides = Isodon lophanthoidesT5394 Rabdosia macrophylla (Lamiaceae); DA YE XIANG CHA CAI;Largeleaf Rabdosia. Isolated compounds: 11392, 18483.T5395 Rabdosia nervosa (Lamiaceae); XIAN MAI XIANG CHA CAI;Veined Rabdosia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To disinhibitdamp and harmonize stomach, resolve toxin and close sores. TCMIndications: Acute hepatitis, indigestion, pemphigus, eczema, itchyskin, burns and scalds, poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds:4873, 8146, 8147, 12537, 15507, 15508, 15509, 15510, 15848, 15988,16183, 17717, 18480, 18481, 18482.T5396 Rabdosia rubescens (Lamiaceae); DONG LING CAO; BlushredRabdosia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood and relieve pain, anticancer. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, common cold with headache,trachitis, chronic hepatitis, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, snake orinsect bites, carcinoma of mammary glands, carcinoma of esophagus.Isolated compounds: 3689, 4550, 4701, 4833, 6741, 8483, 9080, 9486,12843, 13694, 15681, 16050, 16183, 17376, 17717, 18503, 18975,18976, 18977, 19872, 20466, 20622, 20623, 22270, 22797, 22798,22799, 22800, 22801, 22802, 22803, 22804, 22805, 22806, 22807,22808.Rabdosia rugosa = Isodon rugosusRabdosia sculponeata = Isodon sculponeataT5397 Rabdosia serra (Lamiaceae); XI HUANG CAO; Serrate Rabdosia.Equivalent plant: Isodon lophanthoides. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp and abatejaundice, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Damp-heat jaundice, cholecystitis, diarrhea, dysentery, swelling ofsores, painful wound from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 193,18484, 18485, 18486.T5398 Rabdosia shikokiana (Lamiaceae); SI GUO XIANG CHA CAI; ShikoRabdosia*. Isolated compounds: 7202, 18460, 18487, 18488, 18489,19811, 19813, 19814, 19815, 19816, 19817, 19818.T5399 Rabdosia spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9650.T5400 Rabdosia stracheyi (Lamiaceae); CHANG YE XIANG CHA CAI;Longleaf Rabdosia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, quicken blood and dissipate stasis. TCMIndications: Acute icterohepatitis, acute cholecystitis, edema,summerheat stroke, stasis pain from knocks and falls, mammary sore.Isolated compounds: 256.T5401 Rabdosia yuennanensis (Lamiaceae); BU YU HONG; YunnanRabdosia. Used part: rhizome or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and free menstruation,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold,wind-damp bone pain, hemiplegia, food accumulation, pain instomach duct, dysentery, jaundice, dysmenorrhea, menstrual block,flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], scrofula,syphilis, sores, measles papules, wind papules, scab and lai, knocksand falls, rabid dog bite, poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds:18510, 18511, 18512.T5402 Radermachera sinica (Bignoniaceae); CAI DOU SHU; Asia Belltree.Used part: root, leaf or fruit. TCM Effects: To clear summerheat andresolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Fever due to summerheat damage, swollen welling abscess, fracture,poisonous insect stings. Isolated compounds: 9973, 11455, 11616,14871, 18522.T5403 Radula marginata (Radulaceae); BIAN YUAN BIAN E TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 2348, 2349, 16985.T5404 Radula perrottetii (Radulaceae); NING BIAN E TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 2404, 2405, 2408, 7057, 14033, 16980, 16981, 16982,16983, 16984, 16986, 16987, 22531, 22532.T5405 Ramalina paludosa (Usneaceae); ZHAO ZE SHU HUA; Marsh

545Ramalina*. Isolated compounds: 16571.T5406 Rana limnocharis (Ranidae); XIA MA DAN; Rice Frog Gall. Usedpart: gall juice. TCM Effects: To disinhibit throat and restore voice.TCM Indications: Child aphonia. Isolated compounds: 2720.T5407 Rana nigromaculata; Rana plancyi (Ranidae); QING WA; Pond Frog.Used part: body. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and disperse edema,clear heat and resolve toxin, supplement vacuity. TCM Indications:Edema, ascites, jaundice, toad head scourge, child heat sore, dysentery,gan disease, taxation fever, postpartum vacuity weakness. Isolatedcompounds: 626, 2393, 3205, 4221, 4222, 7814, 9853, 11784, 18529,18530.T5408 Rana nigromaculata; Rana plancyi (Ranidae); QING WA DAN; PondFrog Gall. Used part: gall. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Measles papules with complicated pneumonia,throat erosion. Isolated compounds: 4031, 4583.T5409 Rana temporaria chensinensis; Rana amurensis (Ranidae); HA SHIMA; Dried Chinese Woodfrog. Used part: dried body. TCM Effects:To supplement lung and boost kidney, disinhibit water and disperseedema. TCM Indications: Vacuity taxation cough, child ganaccumulation, abdominal distention with edema, swelling toxin of soreand welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 626, 18544.T5410 Randia formosa (Rubiaceae); BA NA MA SHAN SHI LIU; TaiwanMalabar Randia. Isolated compounds: 10983, 10984, 18535, 18536,18537, 18538, 18539, 18540, 18541.T5411 Randia spinosa (Rubiaceae); SHAN SHI LIU; Malabar Randia; SpingRandia. Used part: fruit and root, leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel stasisand disperse swelling, resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Stasis swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury,skin scabies, toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 18542.T5412 Ranunculus acris (Ranunculaceae); CAO DI MAO GEN; MeadowButtercup. Isolated compounds: 7821.T5413 Ranunculus cantoniensis (Ranunculaceae); ZI KOU CAO; CantonButtercup. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear liver andbrighten eyes, resolve toxin and eliminate damp, interrupt malaria.TCM Indications: Eye screen, red eyes, jaundice, swollen wellingabscess, rheumatic arthritis, malaria. Isolated compounds: 1179.T5414 Ranunculus japonicus (Ranunculaceae); MAO GEN; JapaneseButtercup. Used part: whole herb and root. TCM Effects: To abatejaundice, settle asthma, interrupt malaria, settle pain, eliminate screen.TCM Indications: Malaria, jaundice, migraine, stomachache, pain injoints due to rheumatalgia, crane’s knee wind, swollen welling abscess,malign sore, scab and lichen, toothache, fire eye. Isolated compounds:1178, 1179.T5415 Ranunculus sceleratus (Ranunculaceae); SHI LONG RUI; PoisonousButtercup. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dissipate binds and disperse swelling, relieve pain,interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of welling abscessand boil, scrofula, malaria, ulcerating sore of leg. Isolated compounds:1178, 1179, 18545.T5416 Rapanea neurophylla (Myrsinaceae); CU YE MAI MI HUA SHU;Rough-veined Rapanea*. Isolated compounds: 6767.T5417 Rapanea sp. (Myrsinaceae). Isolated compounds: 6767.T5418 Rapanea umbellata (Myrsinaceae); SAN HUA MI HUA SHU;Umbellate Rapanea*. Isolated compounds: 6767.T5419 Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae); LAI FU; Garden Radish. Used part:fresh root. TCM Effects: To disperse food, precipitate qi, transformphlegm, stanch bleeding, allay thirst, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Indigestion, food accumulation distention and fullness,hyperchlorhydria, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation,phlegm-heat cough, hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematochezia, diabetes mellitus, strangury-turbidity, sores,stasis swelling due to injury, scalds, frostbite. Isolated compounds:7768, 8307, 14581, 16778, 16779, 16780, 16782, 16783, 16784,17134, 18278, 18548.T5420 Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae); LAI FU ZI; Garden Radish Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To disperse food distention, downbearqi and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Food stagnation,distending pain in stomach duct, constipation, accumulation anddiarrhea, phlegm congestion cough asthma. Isolated compounds: 7291,7768, 8589, 8752, 8811, 14581, 18547, 19909, 19917, 19918.T5421 Raucheria spp. Isolated compounds: 13098.T5422 Rauvolfia bahiensis (Apocynaceae); BA XI LUO FU MU; BrazilianDevilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 5054, 13838, 14039, 14102.T5423 Rauvolfia verticillata (Apocynaceae); LUO FU MU; CommonDevilpepper. Equivalent plant: Rauvolfia verticillata var. hainanensis,Rauwolfia latifrons, Rauwolfia perakensis, Rauvolfia vomitoria,Rauvolfia verticillata f. rubrocarpa. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat, lower blood pressure, quiet spirit. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, headache and generalized pain, swellingpain in throat, hypertension, dizziness, insomnia, gan accumulation.Isolated compounds: 783, 784, 18552, 18633, 18634, 18859, 22368.T5424 Rauvolfia verticillata (Apocynaceae); LUO FU MU JING YE;Common Devilpepper Stem and Leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood and disperseswelling, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Swelling pain inthroat, stasis swelling from knocks and falls, poisonous snake bite,hypertension. Isolated compounds: 1680, 18859.T5425 Rauvolfia verticillata f. rubrocarpa (Apocynaceae); HONG GUOLUO FU MU; Redfruit Devilpepper. Used part: root. TCM Effects:See Rauvolfia verticillata. TCM Indications: See Rauvolfia verticillata.Isolated compounds: 22427.T5426 Rauvolfia verticillata var. hainanensis (Apocynaceae); HAI NANLUO FU MU; Hainan Devilpepper. Used part: root. TCM Effects: SeeRauvolfia verticillata. TCM Indications: See Rauvolfia verticillata.Isolated compounds: 784, 6517, 13325, 22368, 22427.T5427 Rauvolfia vomitoria (Apocynaceae); CUI TU LUO FU MU; EmiticDevilpepper. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rauvolfia verticillata.TCM Indications: See Rauvolfia verticillata. Isolated compounds: 784,1002, 1680, 5248, 6204, 16909, 18210, 18303, 18551, 18556, 18557,18558, 18623, 18630, 18633, 18635, 19386, 19763, 21055, 22921.T5428 Rauvolfia yunnanensis (Apocynaceae); YUN NAN LUO FU MU;Yunnan Devilpepper. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andcalm liver, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications:Hypertension due to ascendant liver yang, headache, dizziness,vexation and agitation with insomnia, scab and lichen, snake bite.Isolated compounds: 783, 18059, 18633, 19763, 22921.

546T5429 Rauwolfia beddomei (Apocynaceae); BI SHI LUO FU MU; BeddomeDevilpepper. Isolated compounds: 19762.T5430 Rauwolfia caffra (Apocynaceae); KA FU LA LUO FU MU; CaffraDevilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 18635, 19386.T5431 Rauwolfia canescens (Apocynaceae); HUI BAI MAO LUO FU MU;Canescent Devilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 5248.T5432 Rauwolfia cubana (Apocynaceae); GU BA LUO FU MU; CubaDevilpepper. Isolated compounds: 5248.T5433 Rauwolfia cumminsii (Apocynaceae); KE MING XI LUO FU MU;Cummins Devilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 18210, 18635, 19386.T5434 Rauwolfia fruticosa (Apocynaceae); GUAN MU LUO FU MU;Shrubby Devilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 19762.T5435 Rauwolfia latifrons (Apocynaceae); KUO YE LUO FU MU; BroadleafDevilpepper. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rauvolfia verticillata.TCM Indications: See Rauvolfia verticillata. Isolated compounds:18633.T5436 Rauwolfia littoralis (Apocynaceae); HAI BIN LUO FU MU; LittoralDevilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 5248.T5437 Rauwolfia macrophylla (Apocynaceae); DA YE LUO FU MU;Largeleaf Devilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 18623, 18630, 18635.T5438 Rauwolfia nitida (Apocynaceae); GUANG LIANG LUO FU MU;Shining Devilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 783, 18553, 18630, 18632,22921.T5439 Rauwolfia obscura (Apocynaceae); GANG GUO LUO FU MU;Obscure Devilpepper*. Isolated compounds: 1002, 18557.T5440 Rauwolfia oreogiton (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 18303,18635.T5441 Rauwolfia perakensis (Apocynaceae); PI LI LUO FU MU; PerakDevilpepper. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rauvolfia verticillata.TCM Indications: See Rauvolfia verticillata. Isolated compounds: 784,16909, 18633, 19386.T5442 Rauwolfia serpentina (Apocynaceae); YIN DU LUO FU MU; JavaDevilpepper. Used part: root, stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To lower bloodpressure. TCM Indications: Hypertension. Isolated compounds: 783,784, 4115, 5248, 11202, 16623, 18623, 18629, 18630, 18631, 18632,18633, 18634, 19386, 19762, 22921.T5443 Rauwolfia volkensii (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 18303,18635.T5444 Reboulia hemisphaerica (Grimaldiaceae); SHI DI QIAN. Used part:thallus. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disperseswelling and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin of soreand boil, burns and scalds, painful swelling from knocks and falls,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 9634, 10156.T5445 Rehmannia glutinosa [Syn. Rehmannia glutinosa f. huechingensis](Scrophulariaceae); GAN DI HUANG; Adhesive Rehmannia DriedRoot. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: To enrich yin and clear heat,cool blood and supplement blood, lower blood sugar levels. TCMIndications: Diabetes mellitus, dermatitis, rheumatism, diphtheria,acute tonsillitis, febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, steamingbone taxation fever, warm disease macular eruption, blood ejectiondue to blood heat, spontaneous external bleeding due to blood heat,flooding and spotting due to blood heat, hematuria due to blood heat,hematochezia due to blood heat, anemia with yellow complexion,palpitation and dizziness, blood depletion and amenorrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 305, 347, 580, 618, 815, 816, 1048, 1598, 2004, 3040,3138, 3140, 3306, 3371, 3695, 3751, 3756, 4144, 4626, 4672, 4680,5555, 5557, 6537, 6952, 7440, 7769, 7770, 7924, 8276, 8753, 8790,9360, 9486, 9819, 11195, 11872, 11873, 11874, 11875, 11876, 11877,11878, 11879, 11880, 11881, 11882, 11883, 11884, 11885, 11886,12569, 12891, 13504, 13580, 13710, 14878, 15203, 15672, 15684,16561, 16831, 17091, 18219, 18220, 18221, 18526, 18589, 18590,18591, 18592, 18593, 18594, 18595, 18596, 18597, 18598, 18599,18601, 18735, 19983, 20255, 20280, 20369, 20444, 22339, 22396,22664.T5446 Rehmannia glutinosa [Syn. Rehmannia glutinosa f. huechingensis](Scrophulariaceae); SHU DI HUANG; Adhesive Rehmannia CockedRoot. Used part: steamed and sundried root. TCM Effects: Tosupplement blood and enrich yin, boost essence and replenish marrow.TCM Indications: Blood vacuity with yellow complexion, dizzinessand palpitation, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia], incessant floodingand spotting, liver-kidney yin depletion, tidal fever with night sweat,impotence and emission, sterility and infertility, limp aching lumbusand knees, tinnitus and deafness, dizzy head and vision, prematuregraying in beard and hair, diabetes mellitus, constipation, kidneyvacuity hasty asthma. Isolated compounds: 3306, 9767, 10493, 18266,18589, 18592, 18596, 18597, 18598, 18599, 18600, 22252.T5447 Rehmannia glutinosa [Syn. Rehmannia glutinosa f. huechingensis](Scrophulariaceae); XIAN DI HUANG; Adhesive Rehmannia FreshRoot. Used part: fresh root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood,engender liquid and moisten dryness, lower blood sugar levels. TCMIndications: Diabetes mellitus, dermatitis, rheumatism, diphtheria,acute tonsillitis, acute febrile diseases, ardent fever with clouded spirit,macula, fluid damage with vexation and thirst, blood ejection due toblood heat, spontaneous external bleeding due to blood heat, floodingand spotting due to blood heat, hematochezia due to blood heat, mouthand tongue sores, swelling pain in throat, taxation fever cough, painfulwound from knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 618, 816, 3306, 13503, 18221, 18596, 18597, 18598,18599.Rehmannia glutinosa f. huechingensis = Rehmannia glutinosaT5448 Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea (Scrophulariaceae); ZI DIHUANG; Purple Adhesive Rehmannia*. Isolated compounds: 18221.T5449 Reineckea carnea (Liliaceae); JI XIANG CAO; Pink Reineckea. Usedpart: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clear lung and relievecough, cool blood and stanch bleeding, resolve toxin and disinhibitthroat. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, hemoptysis, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, swelling pain in throat,red eyes and eye screen, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil.Isolated compounds: 11307, 11646, 11674, 12231, 16890, 18602.T5450 Renealmia nicolaioides (Zingiberaceae). Isolated compounds: 1418,1420.T5451 Reneilmia cincinnata (Zingiberaceae). Isolated compounds: 7503,8335, 8336, 16154, 21750.T5452 Reseda luteola (Resedaceae); DAN HUANG MU XI CAO. TCMEffects: To effuse sweat, disinhibit urine. Isolated compounds: 13137,13151.

547T5453 Rhamnella inaequilatera (Rhamnaceae); BU DUI CHENG MAO RU;Asymmetry Rhamnella*. Isolated compounds: 18676, 18677, 18678.T5454 Rhamnus cathartica (Rhamnaceae); YAO SHU LI; CommonBuckthorn. Used part: ripe fruit. TCM Effects: To moisten intestinesand free stool. TCM Indications: Intestinal dry and constipation,habitual constipation. Isolated compounds: 7939, 7940.T5455 Rhamnus crenata (Rhamnaceae); LI LA GEN; Oriental Buckthorn.Used part: root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, kill worms and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Scab sore,intractable lichen, eczema, urticaria, tinea capitis, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 3598.T5456 Rhamnus crenatus (Rhamnaceae); HUANG YAO; Oriental Buckthorn.Isolated compounds: 4226.T5457 Rhamnus davurica (Rhamnaceae); SHU LI; Davurian Buckthorn. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, drainprecipitation and kill worms, relieve cough and dispel phlegm. TCMIndications: Sore and welling abscess, scrofula, scab and lichen,decayed toothache, mouth sore, abdominal distention and constipation,cough of phlegm asthma, edema distention fullness. Isolatedcompounds: 967, 3615, 6776, 12020.T5458 Rhamnus disperma (Rhamnaceae); SHUANG ZHONG ZI SHU LI;Diseed Buckthorn*. Isolated compounds: 18350.T5459 Rhamnus formosana (Rhamnaceae); TAI WAN SHU LI; TaiwanBuckthorn*. Isolated compounds: 17252.T5460 Rhamnus frangula [Syn. Frangula alnus] (Rhamnaceae); OU SHU LI;Glossy Buckthorn. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To moistenintestines and free stool. TCM Indications: Habitual constipation,abdominal pain. Isolated compounds: 968, 1738, 6776, 6778, 7938,7939, 7940, 15489, 16558.T5461 Rhamnus leptophylla (Rhamnaceae); JIANG LI MU GEN; ThinleafBuckthorn Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To disperse food andtransform stagnation, move water and free stool. TCM Indications:Food accumulation abdominal distention, edema, ascites, constipation.Isolated compounds: 2556.T5462 Rhamnus nakaharai (Rhamnaceae); TAI ZHONG SHU LI; TaizhongBuckthorn*. Isolated compounds: 18376, 18376.T5463 Rhamnus purshiana (Rhamnaceae); BO XI SHU LI; CascaraBuckthorn. Isolated compounds: 3254, 3598, 3615, 17251.T5464 Rhamnus virgata (Rhamnaceae); ZHOU ZHI SHU LI; TwiggyBuckthorn. Isolated compounds: 17250.T5465 Rhaponticum carthamoides (Asteraceae); LU CAO; RedfloweredSwisscentaury*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To boost qi and fortifyspleen, quiet spirit. TCM Indications: Fatigue hypodynamia,inappetence, neurasthenia. Isolated compounds: 811, 1476, 2779, 6402,9260, 9678, 11660, 17662, 18369, 20357.T5466 Rhaponticum uniflorum (Asteraceae); LOU LU; UniflowerSwisscentaury. Equivalent plant: Echinops grijsii, Echinops ritro.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quickenblood and promote milk. TCM Indications: Mammary welling abscess,effusion of back from welling abscess and flat abscess, scrofula,galactostasis, damp impediment and hypertonicity. Isolatedcompounds: 6679, 6681, 18750, 18751.T5467 Rheedia gardneriana (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 18754.Rheum australe = Rheum emodiT5468 Rheum emodi [Syn. Rheum australe] (Polygonaceae); ZANG BIANDA HUANG; Austral Rhubarb. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding and engenderflesh. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, bleeding due to externalinjury, hematochezia. Isolated compounds: 401, 967, 1363, 3222, 3255,3256, 3280, 3308, 3590, 3615, 3618, 3619, 6776, 6854, 8095, 9898,9899, 13361, 17247, 17250, 17251, 18669, 18670, 18671, 18672,18759, 20468, 21453.T5469 Rheum hotaoense (Polygonaceae); HE TAO DA HUANG; River-bendRhubarb*. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To disperseaccumulation and transform stagnation, free bowels and drain heat.TCM Indications: Food accumulation, distention fullness in stomachduct and abdomen, abdominal pain and diarrhea, heat bindconstipation. Isolated compounds: 3616, 8095, 18767.T5470 Rheum maximowiczii (Polygonaceae); MA SHI DA HUANG;Maximowicz Rhubarb*. Isolated compounds: 10610, 10611, 10612,10613, 13616, 13617, 18265.T5471 Rheum nanum (Polygonaceae); AI DA HUANG; Low Rhubarb*.Isolated compounds: 8879, 13361.T5472 Rheum officinale (Polygonaceae); DA HUANG; Medicinal Rhubarb.Equivalent plant: Rheum palmatum, Rheum tanguticum. Used part:root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To drain heat and free intestines, coolblood and resolve toxin, expel stasis and free menstruation. TCMIndications: Repletion heat constipation, accumulation with abdominalpain, damp-heat jaundice, acute icterohepatitis, red eyes, swollenthroat, intestinal welling abscess and abdominal pain, bleeding ofdigestive tract, chronic diarrhea, indigestion, acute appendicitis, acuteperitonitis, ileus, cholecystitis, gallstones, swollen welling abscess andclove sores, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, knocks and falls, burnsand scalds. Isolated compounds: 423, 967, 970, 1363, 3172, 3173,3279, 3315, 3615, 3619, 3620, 3703, 3706, 5514, 5518, 6776, 6778,6854, 6864, 8095, 8096, 8097, 8108, 8109, 8110, 10217, 10534,14219, 14220, 15132, 16556, 16557, 16558, 17099, 17247, 17250,17251, 17877, 17896, 18650, 18744, 18748, 18756, 18757, 18758,18759, 18761, 18766, 19746, 19748, 19749, 19750, 19751, 21453,21454, 21642.T5473 Rheum palaestinum (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 17283,18744.T5474 Rheum palmatum (Polygonaceae); ZHANG YE DA HUANG; SorrelRhubarb. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Rheumofficinale. TCM Indications: See Rheum officinale. Isolatedcompounds: 899, 967, 969, 970, 971, 3308, 3315, 3599, 3615, 3619,3620, 3703, 3706, 5206, 5514, 5518, 6776, 6778, 6854, 6864, 8095,8096, 8097, 8108, 8109, 16556, 16557, 16558, 17099, 17247, 17249,17250, 17251, 17283, 17877, 17896, 18648, 18650, 18744, 18756,18757, 18758, 18759, 18760, 18761, 18762, 18763, 18764, 18765,18766, 19746, 19747, 19748, 19749, 19750, 19751, 19752, 21158,21642, 21786, 21787, 21788.T5475 Rheum qinlingense (Polygonaceae); QIN LING DA HUANG; QinlingRhubarb*. Isolated compounds: 3621.T5476 Rheum rhaponticum (Polygonaceae); SHI YONG DA HUANG;

548Rhubarb. Isolated compounds: 16285.T5477 Rheum sp. (Polygonaceae); CHANG JI HUANG. Isolated compounds:17869, 17876, 17877, 17879, 17881, 17882, 17883, 17885, 17887,17890, 17891, 17894, 17895, 17896.T5478 Rheum sp. (Polygonaceae); YU DA HUANG. Isolated compounds:1951, 17278, 17279, 17282, 18745, 18746, 18747, 18749, 21158.T5479 Rheum sp. (Polygonaceae); SI CHUAN CHAN DA HUANG. Isolatedcompounds: 17278, 17280, 17281, 18648, 18650.T5480 Rheum spp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 3615, 17878.T5481 Rheum tanguticum (Polygonaceae); TANG GU TE DA HUANG;Tangut Rhubarb. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeRheum officinale. TCM Indications: See Rheum officinale. Isolatedcompounds: 967, 970, 971, 3308, 3315, 3615, 3619, 3620, 3703, 3706,5514, 5518, 6776, 6778, 6854, 6864, 8095, 8096, 8097, 8108, 8109,11496, 12876, 16556, 16557, 16558, 17247, 17250, 17251, 17283,17877, 17896, 18648, 18650, 18756, 18757, 18758, 18759, 18761,18762, 18763, 18764, 18765, 18766, 19746, 19748, 19749, 19751,21158, 21642.T5482 Rheum wittrocki (Polygonaceae); TIAN SHAN DA HUANG; TianshanMountain Rhubarb. Isolated compounds: 3615, 3619, 5206, 6360,6776, 17251, 17278, 18643.T5483 Rhinacanthus nasutus (Acanthaceae); BAI HE LING ZHI; BignoseRhiancanthus. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andmoisten lung, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Taxationcough, scab and lichen, eczema. Isolated compounds: 18768, 18769,18770, 18771, 18772, 18773, 18774, 18775, 18776, 18777, 18778.T5484 Rhinoceros unicornis; Rhinoceros sondaicus; Rhinoceros sumatrensis(Rhinocerotidae); XI JIAO; Rhinoceros Horn. Used part: horn. TCMEffects: To cool blood, clear heat, resolve toxin, settle fright. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, acutefebrile diseases, epidemic febrile diseases. Isolated compounds: 7390.T5485 Rhizocarpon geographicum (Lecideaceae); DI TU YI. Isolatedcompounds: 18779.T5486 Rhizoma rhei . Isolated compounds: 18650.T5487 Rhizophora apiculata (Rhizophoraceae); HONG SHU; SharpleafMangrove. Isolated compounds: 3192.T5488 Rhizophora mucronata (Rhizophoraceae); HONG QIE DONG GUO;Mangrove Frult. Isolated compounds: 2926, 2927, 15019.T5489 Rhizophora stylosa (Rhizophoraceae); HONG HAI LAN; StyloseMangrove. Isolated compounds: 3192, 3193.T5490 Rhizopus oryzae DAO GEN MEI. Isolated compounds: 6133, 6134,6135, 6136, 10728, 10729, 10730, 14158, 20295, 20297, 20298,20299, 20300, 20301, 20302, 20303, 21153, 21846, 21847.T5491 Rhodiola algida (Crassulaceae); JI SHI HONG JING TIAN; AlgidRhodiola*. Isolated compounds: 18792.T5492 Rhodiola atuntsuensis (Crassulaceae); DE QIN HONG JING TIAN;Atuntsuen Rhodiola. Isolated compounds: 18791.T5493 Rhodiola coccinea (Crassulaceae); SHEN HONG HONG JING TIAN;Darkred Rhodiola. Isolated compounds: 18792.T5494 Rhodiola crenulata [Syn. Rhodiola euryphylla] (Crassulaceae); DAHUA HONG JING TIAN; Bigflower Rhodiola. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To clear lung and boost qi. TCM Indications: Tuberculosiswith cough, hemoptysis, pneumonia, b ronchitis. Isolated compounds:4227, 7441, 12083, 18792, 22170.Rhodiola euryphylla = Rhodiola crenulataT5495 Rhodiola himalansis (Crassulaceae); XI MA HONG JING TIAN;Himalaya Rhodiola. Isolated compounds: 18792.T5496 Rhodiola juparensis (Crassulaceae); YUAN CONG HONG JINGTIAN; Jupar Rhodiola. Isolated compounds: 18792.T5497 Rhodiola kirilowii (Crassulaceae); XIA YE HONG JING TIAN;Kirilow Rhodiola. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: Tonourish heart and quiet spirit, quicken blood and transform stasis,stanch bleeding, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Qivacuity and general weakness, shortness of breath and hypodynamia,palpitation and insomnia, dizziness, chest oppression and pain, knocksand falls, menstrual disorder, flooding and spotting, blood ejection,dysentery, diarrhea. Isolated compounds: 13003, 18792, 22170.T5498 Rhodiola quadrifida (Crassulaceae); SI LIE HONG JING TIAN;Foursplit Rhodiola. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: Toboost kidney and nourish liver, regulate menstruation and quickenblood. TCM Indications: Steaming bone taxation fever, dry blood tisis(consumptive disease due to blood disorders), dizzy head and vision,menstrual disorder [=menoxenia]. Isolated compounds: 18792.T5499 Rhodiola sacra (Crassulaceae); SHENG DI HONG JING TIAN;Integripetal Rhodiola. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tosupplement qi and clear lung, boost wits and nourish heart, promotecontraction and stanch bleeding, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Qi vacuity and general weakness, aversion of coldduring convalescence, shortness of breath and hypodynamia, lung heatcough, hemoptysis, leukorrhea, diarrhea, knocks and falls, burns andscalds, neurosis, altitude stress. Isolated compounds: 2887, 4680, 7441,8095, 9467, 12020, 18790, 18792, 18793, 19109, 19377, 19983,22170, 22195.T5500 Rhodiola subopposita (Crassulaceae); HU SHENG HONG JINGTIAN; Oppositeleaf Rhodiola. Isolated compounds: 18792.T5501 Rhodiola yunnanesis (Crassulaceae); YUN NAN HONG JING TIAN;Yunnan Rhodiola. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: Tosupplement lung and boost kidney, clear heat and relieve cough,dissipate stasis and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Vacuitytaxation with cough, kidney vacuity lumbar pain, pain in throat,painful swelling from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 18792.T5502 Rhododendron anthopogonoides (Ericaceae); XIAO YE PI PA;Savoury Rhododendron. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelphlegm, relieve cough, calm asthma. TCM Indications: Cough, asthma,abundant phlegm. Isolated compounds: 2274, 8959, 10887, 11966,12843.T5503 Rhododendron arboreum (Ericaceae); SHU XING DU JUAN; TreelikeRhododendron. Isolated compounds: 2334.T5504 Rhododendron capitatum (Ericaceae); TOU HUA DU JUAN; CapitateRhododendron. Used part: leaf or flower. TCM Effects: To relievecough and dispel phlegm, warm stomach and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, stomach coldabdominal pain. Isolated compounds: 11966, 17376, 17809.T5505 Rhododendron chrysanthum (Ericaceae); NIU PI CHA; GoldmatRhododendron. Isolated compounds: 18794.

549T5506 Rhododendron cinnabarinum (Ericaceae); ZHU SHA DU JUAN;Vermilion Rhododendron. Isolated compounds: 1074.T5507 Rhododendron collettianum (Ericaceae); A FU HAN DU JUAN HUA;H.Collett’s Rhododendron. Isolated compounds: 3829, 3831, 6870,8673, 21905.T5508 Rhododendron dauricum (Ericaceae); MAN SHAN HONG; DahurianRhododendron. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To relieve cough, dispelphlegm. TCM Indications: Acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis.Isolated compounds: 1161, 2039, 2052, 2274, 3241, 3242, 3973, 4681,4682, 4683, 4684, 5079, 5699, 7736, 8345, 8346, 8347, 8959, 9010,9667, 9740, 10887, 10887, 11461, 12020, 16169, 18317, 18411, 18796,19542, 19685, 20566, 21969.T5509 Rhododendron fauriei (Ericaceae); FU LEI SHI DU JUAN HUA; PereL. F. Faurie’s Rhododendron. Isolated compounds: 18794.T5510 Rhododendron huianum (Ericaceae); LIANG SHAN DU JUAN.Isolated compounds: 12020, 18317.T5511 Rhododendron japonicum (Ericaceae); RI BEN DU JUAN HUA;Japanese Azalea. Isolated compounds: 18799, 18800, 18801, 18802.Rhododendron lamprophyllum = Rhododendron ovatumT5512 Rhododendron lingii (Ericaceae); RU YUAN DU JUAN; RuyuanRhododendron. Isolated compounds: 18317.T5513 Rhododendron mariae (Ericaceae); LING NAN DU JUAN; LingnanRhododendron*. Used part: Flower, leaf, twig or root. TCM Effects:To dispel phlegm and relieve cough, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Cough of profuse phlegm, asthma, knocks and falls,mouth-lever nape sore (nuchal phlegmon). Isolated compounds: 18317,18411.T5514 Rhododendron metternichii var. hondoese (Ericaceae); MEI TE NI DUJUAN HUA; Metternich Rhododendron*. Isolated compounds: 1161.T5515 Rhododendron micranthum (Ericaceae); ZHAO SHAN BAI;Manchurian Rhododendron. Used part: branchlet-leaf or flower. TCMEffects: To relieve cough and transform phlegm, dispel wind and freenetwork vessels, regulate menstruation and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, wind-dampimpediment pain, lumbago, menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, fracture.Isolated compounds: 1161, 1935, 8959, 10887, 12020, 18317, 19542,20566.T5516 Rhododendron molle (Ericaceae); NAO YANG HUA; Chinese Azalea.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,dissipate stasis and settle pain, kill worms. TCM Indications:Tachycardia, palpitation, hypertension, wind-damp impediment pain,knocks and falls, intractable lichen. Isolated compounds: 1161, 7662,8759, 8995, 12117, 14068, 18800, 18801, 18803, 18806, 18807,18808, 18809, 18810, 18811, 18812, 18813, 20132.T5517 Rhododendron molle (Ericaceae); NAO YANG HUA ZI; ChineseAzalea Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and drydamp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain, settle asthma, arrest diarrhea.TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, joint runningswelling pain, knocks and falls, asthma and cough, diarrhea anddysentery, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 18801, 18804, 18805.T5518 Rhododendron mucronatum (Ericaceae); BAI HUA YING SHANHONG; Snow Azalea. Used part: flower, root and leaf. TCM Effects:To harmonize blood, dissipate stasis, relieve cough. TCM Indications:Blood ejection, hematochezia, dysentery, flooding and spotting, cough,knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2052, 2053, 5699, 8959, 15170,18263, 18796, 20566.T5519 Rhododendron mucronulatum (Ericaceae); YING SHAN HONG;Korean Rhododendron. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolveexterior, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications:Common cold, cough and asthma, abundant phlegm. Isolatedcompounds: 2052, 5699, 8959, 14542, 14609, 16884, 20566.T5520 Rhododendron ovatum [Syn. Rhododendron lamprophyllum; Azaleaovata] (Ericaceae); MA YIN HUA; Ovateleaf Rhododendron*. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, resolve sore toxin. TCMIndications: Damp-heat vaginal discharge, swollen welling abscessand clove sores. Isolated compounds: 22071.T5521 Rhododendron przewalskii (Ericaceae); LONG SHU DU JUAN;Przewallsk Rhododendron*. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clearlung, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Coughand asthma, abundant and sticky phlegm. Isolated compounds: 1161.T5522 Rhododendron seniavinii (Ericaceae); MAO GUO DU JUAN;Hairfruit Rhododendron*. Used part: root, stem-leaf and flower. TCMEffects: To relieve cough, dispel phlegm, calm asthma. TCMIndications: Chronic trachitis. Isolated compounds: 18317.T5523 Rhododendron simsii (Ericaceae); DU JUAN HUA; Indian Azalea.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To harmonize blood, regulatemenstruation, relieve cough, dispel wind-damp, resolve sore toxin.TCM Indications: Blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,flooding and spotting, menstrual disorder, cough, wind-dampimpediment pain, sore toxin of welling abscess and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 1161, 3594, 4451, 13460, 13610, 13611, 14609, 16905.T5524 Rhododendron simsii (Ericaceae); DU JUAN HUA YE; Indian AzaleaLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Swollen welling abscess and clovesores, bleeding due to external injury, urticaria. Isolated compounds:1161, 1512, 6177, 13610.T5525 Rhododendron sp. (Ericaceae). Isolated compounds: 17170.T5526 Rhododendron spp. (Ericaceae). Isolated compounds: 16900.T5527 Rhodomyrtus macrocarpa (Myrtaceae); DA GUO TAO JIN NIANG;Bigfruit Rosemyrtle*. Isolated compounds: 18814.T5528 Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae); SHAN REN YE; DownyRosemyrtle Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit dampand check diarrhea, engender flesh and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Headache, diarrhea, gan accumulation, bleeding due toexternal injury, scab sore. Isolated compounds: 1109, 1113, 2332, 2338,13098.T5529 Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae); TAO JIN NIANG; Rosemyrtle.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To nourish blood and stanch bleeding,astringe intestines and secure essence. TCM Indications: Bloodvacuity and general weakness, blood ejection, nosebleed(epistaxis),taxation damage hemoptysis, hematochezia, flooding and spotting,emission, vaginal discharge, dysentery, prolapse of rectum, scalds,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 3296, 3302,16765, 21443.T5530 Rhus chinensis [Syn. Rhus semialata] (Anacardiaceae); YAN FU YE;

550Chinese Sumac Leaf. Used part: fresh leaf. TCM Effects: To relievecough and transform phlegm, promote contraction and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Phlegm cough, hematochezia, blood dysentery,night sweating, sore. Isolated compounds: 14454.T5531 Rhus chinensis [Syn. Rhus semialata] (Anacardiaceae); YAN FU ZI;Chinese Sumac Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To moisten lungand engender liquid, downbear fire and transform phlegm, constrainsweat, check dysentery. TCM Indications: Phlegm cough, throatimpediment, jaundice, night sweating, dysentery, intractable lichen,welling abscess, head wind white scaling. Isolated compounds: 5515,8095, 14454.T5532 Rhus coriaria (Anacardiaceae); XI XI LI QI SHU; Sumach. Isolatedcompounds: 7441, 8095.T5533 Rhus lanceolata (Anacardiaceae); PI ZHEN QI SHU; LanceolateSumac*. Isolated compounds: 19545.T5534 Rhus pyroides (Anacardiaceae). Isolated compounds: 18820.T5535 Rhus retinorrhoea (Anacardiaceae); SHU ZHI YAN FU MU; ResinoidSumac*. Isolated compounds: 6409, 19174.Rhus semialata = Rhus chinensisT5536 Rhus sp. (Anacardiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5613, 16836, 18864.Rhus succedanea = Toxicodendron succedaneumT5537 Rhus sylvestris (Anacardiaceae); YE QI SHU YE; Woods LcaquertreeLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel stasis and disperseswelling, kill worms, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Knocks andfalls, bleeding due to external injury, ancylostomiasis, scab and lichen,sore toxin, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1497, 5613,5614, 7802.T5538 Rhus sylvestris (Anacardiaceae); YE QI SHU ZI; Woods Lcaquertree.Isolated compounds: 18821, 18822.T5539 Rhus taishanensis (Anacardiaceae); TAI SHAN YAN FU ZI; TaishanSumac Fruit. Isolated compounds: 18823.T5540 Rhus typhina (Anacardiaceae); LU JIAO QI SHU; Stag’s-horn Sumach.Isolated compounds: 917, 8095.T5541 Rhus verniciflua [Syn. Toxicadendron verniciflum] (Anacardiaceae);QI ZI; True Lacquer Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To quickenblood and stanch bleeding, warm channels and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Hematochezia, hematuria, flooding and spotting,abdominal pain due to stagnation, amenorrhea. Isolated compounds:2779, 5613, 6535, 6719, 20481.T5542 Rhus verniciflua [Syn. Toxicadendron verniciflum] (Anacardiaceae);SHENG QI; True Lacquer. Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: To killworms. TCM Indications: Worm accumulation, water gu. Isolatedcompounds: 12424, 12425, 12426, 12427.T5543 Rhynchotechum vestitum (Gesneriaceae); MAO XIAN ZHU JU TAI;Hairy Rhynchotechum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Indications:Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B. Isolated compounds: 15077, 18828.T5544 Ribes alpinum (Saxifragaceae); GAO SHAN CHA BIAO; AlpineCurrant. Isolated compounds: 13627, 15183, 18375.T5545 Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense (Saxifragaceae); HUA CHA BIAO;China Winterberry Currant. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To coolblood and clear heat, regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Vacuityheat and hypodynamia, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia],dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds: 2778, 3308, 4184, 5981, 8098,10637, 13100, 14530, 15954, 19377.T5546 Ribes nigrum (Saxifragaceae); HEI CHA BIAO; Black Currant.Isolated compounds: 15593, 15594.T5547 Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae); BI MA GEN; Castorbean Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and resolve tetany,quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Tetanus,epilepsy, wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, swollenwelling abscess and scrofula, prolapse of rectum, prolapse of uterus.Isolated compounds: 4947, 21622.T5548 Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae); BI MA YE; Castorbean Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To draw out pus and relieve itch, relievecough and calm asthma. TCM Indications: Beriberi, swelling pain ofscrotum, cough of phlegm asthma, goose-foot wind, sore and boil.Isolated compounds: 15525, 18407, 18840.T5549 Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae); BI MA YOU; Castorbean Oil.Used part: oil expressed from seeds. TCM Effects: To lubricateintestines, moisten skin. TCM Indications: Dry stool, sore and scab,burns. Isolated compounds: 14932, 18841, 22028.T5550 Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae); BI MA ZI; Castorbean Seed. Usedpart: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To disperse swelling and draw out toxin,drain precipitation and free stagnation. TCM Indications: Swellingtoxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, throat impediment, scrofula,dry stool. Isolated compounds: 4055, 4124, 6132, 6194, 18840, 18841,19596, 20439.T5551 River corymbosa (Convolvulaceae); MO XI GE XUAN HUA; MexicoGlorybind*. Isolated compounds: 7240.T5552 Robinia pseudoacacia (Fabaceae); CI HUAI HUA; Black LocustFlower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Precipitate blood of large intestine, hemoptysis, flooding.Isolated compounds: 56, 61, 1482, 2779, 2785, 3059, 5702, 9522,11504, 12908, 14712, 16843, 17470, 18642, 18857, 22122.T5553 Robinia pseudomonas (Fabaceae); JIA DAN BAO JUN YANG HUAI;Pseudomonas Locust*. Isolated compounds: 18859.T5554 Rodgersia aesculifolia (Saxifragaceae); MU HE; FingerleafRodgersflower. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat andtransform damp, engender flesh and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Damp-heat dysentery, chronic diarrhea, white turbidity, vaginaldischarge, flooding and spotting, blood ejection, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematochezia, sore toxin, incised wound. Isolatedcompounds: 2312, 16884.T5555 Rodgersia pinnata (Saxifragaceae); YU YE GUI DENG QING;Featherleaf Rodgersflower. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and regulate menstruation, dispel wind and eliminatedamp, promote contraction and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, fracture, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia],dysmenorrhea, wind-damp pain, bleeding due to external injury,enteritis, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 6403.T5556 Rodgersia podophylla (Saxifragaceae); RI BEN GUI DENG QING;Bronzeleaf Rodgersflower. Isolated compounds: 2039, 11897, 12021,12022, 12082, 14034, 14035, 14688, 14689, 14695, 14696, 15184,18319, 18320, 18337, 18411.T5557 Rohdea japonica [Syn. Orontium japonicum] (Liliaceae); WAN NIANQING GEN; Omoto Nipponlily Root. Used part: root, rhizome and

551leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, strengthen heartand disinhibit urine, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Cardiac failure, swelling pain in throat, diphtheria, edema, ascites,hemoptysis, blood ejection, clove sore, erysipelas, snake bite, scalds,arrhythmia, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 2401, 4006, 4007, 7005,7006, 11675, 11676, 18782, 18783, 18785, 18786, 18787, 18788,18789, 20220.T5558 Rollinia mucosa (Annonaceae); NIAN ZHI LUO LIN; MucosaRollinia*. Isolated compounds: 13987, 16414, 18897, 18900, 18901,18902, 18903, 18904, 18905, 18906.T5559 Romalea microptera HUANG CHONG; Grasshopper. Isolatedcompounds: 18426.Rorippa dubia = Rorippa montanaT5560 Rorippa montana [Syn. Rorippa dubia; Sisymbrium dublium](Brassicaceae); HAN CAI; Indian Rorippa. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To dispel phlegm and suppress cough, dissipate cold andresolve exterior, quicken blood and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp andabate jaundice. TCM Indications: Cough, cough of phlegm asthma,common cold with fever, non-eruption of measles, wind-dampimpediment pain, swelling pain in throat, swollen welling abscess andclove sores, lacquer sore, amenorrhea, knocks and falls, jaundice,edema. Isolated compounds: 18908, 18909.T5561 Rosa canina (Rosaceae); QUAN CHI QIANG WEI; Dog Rose.Isolated compounds: 5763, 6428, 13212, 19039.T5562 Rosa chinensis (Rosaceae); YUE JI HUA; Chinese Rose. Used part:flower. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and regulate menstruation,resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Menstrualdisorder, dysmenorrhea, knocks and falls, blood stasis swelling andpain, scrofula, swollen welling abscess, scalds. Isolated compounds:8095.T5563 Rosa cymosa (Rosaceae); XIAO GUO QIANG WEI GEN; SmallfruitRose. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis, stanchbleeding, disperse swelling, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Bleedingdue to external injury, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder[=menoxenia], prolapse of uterus, hemorrhoids, wind-damp pain,diarrhea, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 9385, 18894, 18895, 19057.T5564 Rosa damascena (Rosaceae); DA MA SHI GE QIANG WEI; DamaskRose. Isolated compounds: 8312.T5565 Rosa gallica (Rosaceae); FA GUO QIANG WEI; French Rose.Isolated compounds: 8312.T5566 Rosa henryi (Rosaceae); RUAN TIAO QI QIANG WEI; Henry’s Rose.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and regulatemenstruation, transform stasis and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Menstrual disorder [=menoxenia], infertility, bleeding due to externalinjury. Isolated compounds: 17884.T5567 Rosa laevigata (Rosaceae); JIN YING YE; Cherokee Rose Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken bloodand stanch bleeding, check discharge. TCM Indications: swollenwelling abscess and clove sores, scalds, dysentery, amenorrhea,flooding and spotting, vaginal discharge, bleeding from wounds.Isolated compounds: 17750.T5568 Rosa laevigata (Rosaceae); JIN YING ZI; Cherokee Rose Seed. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To secure essence and reduce urine, astringeintestines and check diarrhea. TCM Indications: Emission, enuresisand frequent urination, flooding and spotting with vaginal discharge,chronic diarrhea and dysentery. Isolated compounds: 757, 758, 7657,14440, 14512, 14523, 14591, 14765, 16422, 17750, 17884, 18916,19276, 21458.T5569 Rosa multiflora (Rosaceae); QIANG WEI GEN; Japanese Rose Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and regulate menstruation,secure essence `nd reduce urine. TCM Indications: Swelling toxin ofsore and welling abscess, scalds, mouth sore, bleeding fromhemorrhoids, nosebleed(epistaxis), pain in joints, menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, chronic dysentery, enuresis, frequent urination,excessive leukorrhea, prolapse of uterus, bone stuck in throat. Isolatedcompounds: 6178, 14454, 15068, 15069.T5570 Rosa roxburghii (Rosaceae); CI LI; Roxburgh Rose. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To fortify stomach, disperse food, check diarrhea. TCMIndications: Food accumulation distention and fullness, enteritis anddiarrhea. Isolated compounds: 18970, 20257.T5571 Rosa rubiginosa (Rosaceae); XIU HONG QIANG WEI; Sweet-briar.Isolated compounds: 19039.T5572 Rosa rugosa (Rosaceae); MEI GUI HUA; Rugose Rose Flower. Usedpart: bud. TCM Effects: To move qi and relieve depression, harmonizeblood, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Liver stomach qi pain, reducedfood intake with nausea and vomiting, menstrual disorder, painfulwound from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1735, 2284, 2417,2418, 2419, 2420, 2421, 2422, 2423, 3768, 4451, 7521, 8095, 8312,8313, 9203, 9485, 9909, 9910, 9911, 10173, 10245, 11218, 11367,11368, 11369, 11370, 11642, 12852, 13744, 15498, 15926, 17111,18421, 18912, 18913, 19039, 19047, 19048, 19050, 19051, 19052,19053, 19054, 19055, 19056, 19057, 19058, 19059, 19060, 19277,19607, 20389, 21612.T5573 Rosa sericea (Rosaceae); JUAN MAO QIANG WEI; Silky Rose. Usedpart: root and fruit. TCM Effects: To fortify and move spleen, checkdysentery and promote astriction. TCM Indications: Accumulationwith abdominal distention, diarrhea, enduring dysentery, profusemenstruation, flooding and spotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis].Isolated compounds: 7657, 7658, 8682.T5574 Rosa sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 1358, 3209, 7518, 7821,16836, 18265, 20910.T5575 Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae); MI DIE XIANG; Rosemary. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweat, fortify spleen, quietspirit, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Headache, prevention of hairloss in early stage. Isolated compounds: 1110, 1113, 2331, 2550, 2557,3206, 6454, 6825, 7556, 8289, 10024, 10172, 10550, 11684, 12420,13146, 17696, 18921, 18922, 18923, 18924, 20993, 20994, 20995,22398.T5576 Rostellularia procumbens [Syn. Justicia procumbens] (Acanthaceae);JUE CHUANG; Creeping Rostellularia. Used part: dried whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp anddisperse stagnation, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, cough, swelling pain in throat, red eyes withgall, gan accumulation, damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, malaria,jaundice, edema, pain in sinews and bones, knocks and falls, welling

552abscess and flat abscess with clove sore, eczema. Isolated compounds:3638, 6490, 11977, 11978, 11979, 11980, 17872, 17955, 20645,22077.T5577 Rouya polygama (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 18962, 18963,18964, 18965, 18966, 18967.T5578 Rubia cordifolia (Rubiaceae); QIAN CAO GEN; Indian Madder Root.Equivalent plant: Rubia schumannina, Rubia tinctorum, Rubiaoncotricha, Rubia wallichiana. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To coolblood and stanch bleeding, quicken blood and transform stasis. TCMIndications: Bleeding due to blood heat, amenorrhea due to bloodstasis, knocks and falls, impediment pain in joints. Isolated compounds:266, 899, 901, 3181, 5522, 9891, 9892, 10502, 13939, 13940, 13954,13998, 14040, 14144, 14775, 14777, 14778, 14779, 14901, 15076,15734, 16065, 18058, 18222, 18224, 18979, 18980, 18981, 18982,18983, 18984, 18985, 18986, 18987, 18988, 18989, 18990, 18991,18992, 18993, 18994, 19013, 19023, 19031, 19036, 19037, 19038,21794, 21795, 22773.T5579 Rubia cordifolia (Rubiaceae); QIAN CAO TENG; Indian MadderStem. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, movestasis. TCM Indications: Blood ejection, flooding, knocks and falls,wind impediment, lumbago, welling abscess toxin, swelling of clove.Isolated compounds: 19028, 19029.T5580 Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis (Rubiaceae); HEI GUO QIAN CAO;Blackfruit Madder. Isolated compounds: 19037, 19038.T5581 Rubia iberica (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 15734.T5582 Rubia oncotricha (Rubiaceae); GOU MAO QIAN CAO; HookedhairMadder. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rubia cordifolia. TCMIndications: See Rubia cordifolia. Isolated compounds: 11234, 19036.T5583 Rubia schumannina (Rubiaceae); DA YE QIAN CAO; SmoothstalkMadder. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rubia cordifolia. TCMIndications: See Rubia cordifolia. Isolated compounds: 14901.T5584 Rubia tinctorum (Rubiaceae); YANG QIAN CAO; Madder. Used part:root. TCM Effects: See Rubia cordifolia. TCM Indications: See Rubiacordifolia. Isolated compounds: 899, 901, 13041, 18222.T5585 Rubia wallichiana (Rubiaceae); GUANG JING QIAN CAO; WallichMadder. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rubia cordifolia. TCMIndications: See Rubia cordifolia. Isolated compounds: 900, 901, 1360,5522, 5990, 6017, 6537, 10206, 10380, 10414, 10415, 10417, 10467,13041, 13045, 13640, 14775, 14776, 14778, 15077, 15734, 18222,18224, 18998, 19000, 19024, 19025, 19026, 19540, 19542, 19983,20369, 22270.T5586 Rubia yunnanensis (Rubiaceae); XIAO HONG SHEN; YunnanMadder. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and soothesinews, dispel stasis and engender flesh, nourish qi blood. TCMIndications: Wind-damp pain, knocks and falls, menstrual disorder[=menoxenia], menstrual block, vaginal discharge, postpartumarthralgia, tuberculosis and coughing of blood, dizzy head andinsomnia, anemia. Isolated compounds: 303, 371, 496, 11477, 12520,13986, 14775, 14777, 18983, 18990, 18995, 18996, 18997, 19001,19002, 19003, 19004, 19005, 19006, 19007, 19008, 19009, 19010,19011, 19012, 19014, 19015, 19016, 19017, 19018, 19019, 19020,19021, 19022, 19032, 19033, 19034, 19035, 19618, 19983, 20369,20566, 22332.T5587 Rubus alceaefolius (Rosaceae); CU YE XUAN GOU ZI; RoughleafRaspberry. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, stanch bleeding, dispel stasis. TCM Indications:Hepatitis, dysentery, enteritis, mastitis, stomatitis, marchhematoglobinuria, bleeding due to external injury, liver spleenenlargement, knocks and falls, wind-damp bone pain. Isolatedcompounds: 4088, 6178, 15539.T5588 Rubus allegheniensis (Rosaceae); PU TONG XUAN GOU ZI;Common Raspberry*. Isolated compounds: 19045.T5589 Rubus chamaemorus (Rosaceae); XUAN GOU ZI; Avrons. Isolatedcompounds: 19039.T5590 Rubus chroosepalus (Rosaceae); MAO E MEI; Hairysepal Raspberry.Isolated compounds: 6170.T5591 Rubus cochinchinensis (Rosaceae); SHE PAO JIN; SnakebubbleRaspberry. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, move qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, painful wound from knocks and falls, pain in lumbusand leg. Isolated compounds: 516.T5592 Rubus hirsutus (Rosaceae); CI BO; Hirsute Respberry. Used part: rootor leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disperseswelling and relieve pain, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Influenza,common cold, infant ardent fever convulsion, swelling pain in throat,toothache, headache, wind-damp pain in sinew and bone, scrofula,swollen boil. Isolated compounds: 21634.T5593 Rubus idaeus (Rosaceae); FU PEN ZI; Red-and-Yellow GardenRaspberry. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To supplement liver andboost kidney, secure essence and reduce urine, brighten eyes. TCMIndications: Impotence with premature ejaculation, emission,infertility due to uterus cold, frequent urination and enuresis, dizzinessand dim vision, premature graying in beard and hair. Isolatedcompounds: 3594, 17886.T5594 Rubus parkeri (Rosaceae); WU PAO ZI; Parker Raspberry. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To regulate menstruation, stanch bleeding, dispelphlegm, relieve cough. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder ,menstrual block, concretion and conglomeration, flooding,spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, cough and abundantphlegm, sores. Isolated compounds: 21824.T5595 Rubus parviforlius (Rosaceae); MAO MEI; Japanese Raspberry. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dissipate stasis and relieve pain, kill worms. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, cough with phlegm and blood, dysentery,knocks and falls, postpartum abdominal pain, scab sore, swollen boil,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 15539.T5596 Rubus rigidus (Rosaceae); JIAN YING XUAN GOU ZI; RigidBlackberry*. Isolated compounds: 18265.T5597 Rubus sanctus (Rosaceae); SHEN SHENG XUAN GOU ZI; SanctityBlackberry*. Isolated compounds: 2930, 5409, 9503.T5598 Rubus sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 3301.T5599 Rubus spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 16765, 17750.T5600 Rubus suavissimus (Rosaceae); TIAN CHA; Sweet Blackberry*.Isolated compounds: 20341, 20433.T5601 Rubus taiwanicolus (Rosaceae); XIAO YE XUAN GOU ZI; Small-leafRaspberry. Isolated compounds: 15539, 15540, 15541.

553T5602 Rubus ulmifolius (Rosaceae); YU YE MAO MEI; Elm-leaf Raspberry*.Isolated compounds: 18972, 18973, 18974.T5603 Rudbeckia bicolor (Asteraceae); SHUANG SE JIN GUANG JU;Pinewoods Coneflower. Isolated compounds: 20665.T5604 Rudbeckia laciniata (Asteraceae); JIN GUANG JU; CutleafConeflower. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, resolvetoxin and eliminate welling abscess. TCM Indications: Damp-heatvomiting diarrhea, abdominal pain, swollen welling abscess and soretoxin. Isolated compounds: 19046.T5605 Rumex acetosa (Polygonaceae); SUAN MO; Garden Sorrel. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding, drain heat andfree stool, disinhibit urine, kill worms. TCM Indications: Bloodejection, hematochezia, profuse menstruation, heat dysentery, red eyes,constipation, urinary stoppage, strangury-turbidity, malign sore, scaband lichen, eczema. Isolated compounds: 3615, 3620, 6776, 15489,17247, 17248, 22520.T5606 Rumex acetosa (Polygonaceae); SUAN MO YE; Garden Sorrel Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To drain heat, relieve constipation,disinhibit urine, cool liver and stanch bleeding, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, gum hemorrhage, spleen vacuitydiarrhea, painful wound from knocks and falls, hemorrhoids. Isolatedcompounds: 22520.T5607 Rumex crispus (Polygonaceae); NIU ER DA HUANG; Crisped Dock.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, coolblood and stanch bleeding, free stool and kill worms. TCM Indications:Acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, enteritis, dysentery, chronic trachitis,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, floodingand spotting, heat bind constipation, swelling toxin of welling abscessand flat abscess, scab and lichen, bald sores. Isolated compounds:3598, 3620, 6776.T5608 Rumex dentatus (Polygonaceae); NIU SHE CAO; Toothedfruit Dock.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, killworms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Red swollen breast. Isolatedcompounds: 967, 3615, 6776, 15489, 17247.T5609 Rumex hastatus (Polygonaceae); JI YE SUAN MO; Hastate Dock*.Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To effuse sweat andresolve exterior, dispel wind and eliminate damp, relieve cough, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Common cold, headache, pain in jointsdue to rheumatalgia, cough and asthma, knocks and falls, flooding andspotting. Isolated compounds: 12714.T5610 Rumex hymenosepalus (Polygonaceae); MO E SUAN MO; Canaigre.Isolated compounds: 12714.T5611 Rumex japonicus (Polygonaceae); YANG TI; Japanese Dock.Equivalent plant: Rumex nepalensis. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and free stool, cool blood and stanch bleeding, kill wormsand relieve itch. TCM Indications: Constipation, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, intestinal wind bleeding, bleeding fromhemorrhoids, flooding and spotting, scab and lichen, bald white scalpsore, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 3615, 6776, 7209, 15153, 15489, 17247, 21817.T5612 Rumex nepalensis (Polygonaceae); NI BO ER YANG TI; Nepal Dock.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Rumex japonicus. TCM Indications:See Rumex japonicus. Isolated compounds: 3615, 6776, 15489, 17247.T5613 Rumex obtusifolius (Polygonaceae); DUN YE SUAN MO; BluntleafDock. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,cool blood and stanch bleeding, dispel stasis and disperse swelling,free stool, kill worms. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis and hemoptysis,pulmonary welling abscess, blood ejection, abdominal pain due tostagnation, knocks and falls, constipation, epidemic parotitis, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, scalds, scab and lichen, eczema.Isolated compounds: 13447, 15489.T5614 Rumex patientia (Polygonaceae); NIU XI XI; Patience Dock. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, stanchbleeding and disperse swelling, free stool and kill worms. TCMIndications: Blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, flooding and spotting, red and white vaginal discharge,purpura, dysentery, hepatitis, constipation, inhibited urination,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, scab and lichen, knocksand falls, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 967, 3308, 3544,3615, 3619, 6776, 6778, 6779, 12401, 13841, 15489, 16169, 16195,16714, 16715, 17247, 18416, 19066.T5615 Rumex spp. (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 3615.T5616 Ruppia maritime (Potamogetonaceae); HAI SHENG CHUN MANZAO; Marine Widgeonweed. Isolated compounds: 14408.T5617 Ruprechtia triflora (Polygonaceae). Isolated compounds: 6901.T5618 Ruscus aculeatus (Liliaceae); JIA YE SHU; Butchersbroom. Isolatedcompounds: 19070, 19074, 20219.T5619 Russula cyanoxantha (Russulaceae); LAN HUANG HONG GU;Blue-yellow Redmushroom*. Isolated compounds: 20153.T5620 Russula delica (Russulaceae); MEI WEI HONG GU; Milk-whiteRussula. Isolated compounds: 2497, 8013, 12434, 19075, 19076.T5621 Russula lepida (Russulaceae); DA HONG GU; Big Russula*. Isolatedcompounds: 4301, 4302.T5622 Russula ochroleuca (Russulaceae); HUANG BAI HONG GU; PaleRussula*. Isolated compounds: 21332.T5623 Russula queletii (Russulaceae). Isolated compounds: 17433, 17446.T5624 Russula rosacea (Russulaceae); KU HONG GU; Bitter Russula.Isolated compounds: 18910, 18911.T5625 Ruta chalepensis (Rutaceae); SUI ZHUANG YUN XIANG; SyrianRue*. Isolated compounds: 9304, 11727, 19086.T5626 Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae); CHOU CAO; Common Rue. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, abate fever, disinhibit urine,quicken blood, resolve toxin, disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, wind-damp bone pain, infant fright wind,inhibited urination, diarrhea, mounting qi, amenorrhea, knocks andfalls, heat toxin sores, eczema. Isolated compounds: 1613, 1614, 2309,2833, 3457, 3857, 6306, 6511, 6708, 7703, 8984, 8985, 8986, 8987,8988, 8989, 8991, 8992, 9304, 11601, 12254, 13572, 13904, 14246,14379, 14675, 14682, 15698, 16488, 17297, 18086, 18759, 18829,18831, 19077, 19078, 19079, 19083, 19084, 19085, 19086, 19087,19427, 19919, 20002, 20438, 22195, 22219, 22225, 22781.T5627 Ruta microcarpa (Rutaceae); XIAO GUO YUN XIANG; SmallfruitRue*. Isolated compounds: 19427.T5628 Ruta montana (Rutaceae); MENG DA NA YUN XIANG; MontanaRue*. Isolated compounds: 4836, 15689, 15690, 15691, 19777.T5629 Ruta oreojasme (Rutaceae); SHAN MO LI YUN XIANG;

554Mountjasmine Rue*. Isolated compounds: 8989.T5630 Ruta pinnata (Rutaceae); YU ZHUANG YUN XIANG; Pinnate Rue*.Isolated compounds: 2833, 9452, 11249.T5631 Ruta sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 22336, 22774.T5632 Ruta spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 22195.T5633 Ruta tuberculata [Syn. Haplophyllum tuberculatum] (Rutaceae); LIUZHUANG DAN YE YUN XIANG; Tuberculate Rue*. Isolatedcompounds: 9228, 9229, 17112, 22077.ST5634 Sabal blackburniana (Arecaceae). Isolated compounds: 19103.T5635 Sabal causiarum (Arecaceae). Isolated compounds: 19102.T5636 Sabal peregrina (Arecaceae); WAI LAI CAI ZONG. Isolatedcompounds: 16380.T5637 Sabia schumanniana (Sabiaceae); SI CHUAN QING FENG TENG;Szechwan Sabia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andquicken blood, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, lumbago, chroniccough and asthma. Isolated compounds: 1109, 6057, 6475, 10549,16401, 20254.T5638 Sabia swinhoei (Sabiaceae); JIAN YE QING FENG TENG; SharpleafSabia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andtransform stasis, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels, eliminatewind-damp, relieve pain due to impediment. TCM Indications: Pain injoints due to rheumatalgia, weakness in sinews and bones. Isolatedcompounds: 19097, 19098.T5639 Sabina chinensis (Cupressaceae); YUAN BAI; Chinese Juniper. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold, quickenblood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold,pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, urticaria, swelling toxin of flatabscess, urinary tract infection. Isolated compounds: 9, 1476.T5640 Sabina vulgaris (Cupressaceae); CHOU BAI; Savin. Used part:branchlet or cone. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, itchy skin, headache, cough. Isolated compounds:4289, 17592, 19101.T5641 Saccharum officinarum (Poaceae); YAO YONG GAN ZHE; Sugarcane.Isolated compounds: 552, 10967, 20446.T5642 Saccharum sinensis (Poaceae); GAN ZHE; Sweetcane Culm. Usedpart: stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat and engender liquid, moistendryness and harmonize center, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Heatvexation, diabetes mellitus, vomiting nausea, vacuity heat cough, drystool, swelling of welling abscess, welling abscess and flat abscesswith swelling sore. Isolated compounds: 552, 553, 1048, 3040, 7450,7996, 8827, 13793, 14388, 18261, 20369.T5643 Saccogyna viticulosa (Geocalycaceae). Isolated compounds: 927, 1758,8951, 8952, 8953, 8954, 11407, 11437, 11458, 11791, 19106, 22583,22999.T5644 Sageretia gracilis (Rhamnaceae); XI QUE MEI TENG; Thin Sageretia.Isolated compounds: 21706.Sageretia thea = Sageretia theezansT5645 Sageretia theezans [Syn. Sageretia thea] (Rhamnaceae); QUE MEITENG; Hedge Sageretia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To downbearqi and transform phlegm, dispel wind and disinhibit damp. TCMIndications: Cough, asthma, stomachache, crane’s knee wind, edema.Isolated compounds: 7951, 8759, 20444, 20711.T5646 Sagina japonica [Syn. Spergula japonica] (Caryophyllaceae); QI GUCAO; Pearlwort. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool bloodand resolve toxin, kill worms and relieve itch. TCM Indications:Lacquer sore, bald sores, eczema, erysipelas, scrofula, innominatetoxin swelling, poisonous snake bites, deep-source nasal congestion,decayed teeth, internal damage due to knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 1595.T5647 Sagittaria sagittifolia (Alismataceae); CI GU; Oldworld ArrowheadCorm. Used part: corm. TCM Effects: To cool blood and quickenblood, relieve cough and free strangury, resolve toxin and dissipatebinds. TCM Indications: Postpartum blood stasis, retention of placenta,strangury, cough with phlegm and blood. Isolated compounds: 4289,19124.Salacia chinensis = Salacia prinoidesT5648 Salacia prinoides [Syn. Salacia chinensis] (Hippocrateaceae); SUOLA MU; Prinos-like Salacia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To expelwind and eliminate damp, free channels and quicken blood. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment, blood stasis lumbago. Isolatedcompounds: 27, 1107, 1113, 3308, 3359, 5096, 6060, 6632, 6853,6921, 7946, 7947, 7949, 7953, 10127, 10578, 11477, 13249, 13481,13624, 13975, 16245, 18584, 19178, 19179, 19180, 19181, 19182,21396, 21397, 21996, 22025, 22673.T5649 Salacia sp. (Hippocrateaceae). Isolated compounds: 21397.T5650 Salix babylonica (Salicaceae); LIU BAI PI; Babylon Weeping WillowRoot-bast. Used part: bark or root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispel windand disinhibit damp, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp bone pain, wind swelling and pruritus,jaundice, strangury-turbidity, mammary welling abscess, toothache,burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 19184.T5651 Salix babylonica (Salicaceae); LIU ZHI; Babylon Weeping WillowBranch. Used part: branchlet. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, disinhibiturine, relieve pain, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, strangury, white turbidity, urinary stoppage,infective hepatitis, wind swelling, clove sore, erysipelas, tooth decay,gum swelling. Isolated compounds: 17287, 19184.T5652 Salix caprea (Salicaceae); HUANG HUA ER LIU; Goat Willow.Isolated compounds: 3308, 17884, 17890.T5653 Salix purpurea (Salicaceae); SHUI YANG MU BAI PI; Bitter WillowBast. Used part: bast. TCM Indications: Incised wound. Isolatedcompounds: 11693, 19184, 19191.T5654 Salix purpurea (Salicaceae); SHUI YANG ZHI YE; Bitter WillowBranch-leaf. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Chronic dysentery, swelling toxinof sore and welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 3454, 7285, 19184.T5655 Salix sp. (Salicaceae). Isolated compounds: 3674, 19184, 20434.T5656 Salix spp. (Salicaceae). Isolated compounds: 17720.T5657 Salsola collina (Chenopodiaceae); ZHU MAO CAI; CommonRussianthistle. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To lower bloodpressure, calm liver and subdue yang, moisten intestines and free stool.TCM Indications: Hypertension, headache, dizziness, insomnia,

555intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 7777, 19195,19196, 19197.T5658 Salsola micranthera (Chenopodiaceae). Isolated compounds: 20529.T5659 Salvia aegyptiaca (Lamiaceae); AI JI SHU WEI CAO; Egyptian Sage*.Isolated compounds: 6968, 14262, 14263.T5660 Salvia blepharophylla (Lamiaceae); JIE MAO YE SHU WEI CAO;Eyelid-leaf Sage*. Isolated compounds: 2501, 2502.T5661 Salvia bowleyana (Lamiaceae); NAN DAN SHEN; Bowley Sage. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and transform stasis,regulate menstruation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Chestimpediment and angina, vexation, heart palpitation, pain in stomachduct and abdomen, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia], menstrual pain,menstrual block, postpartum stasis stagnation abdominal pain,flooding and spotting, liver spleen enlargement, arthralgia, mountingqi (hernia), swelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 4292, 5722, 5763,14391, 14736, 17968, 18012, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5662 Salvia bracteata (Lamiaceae); BAO PIAN SHU WEI CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 2584, 19208.T5663 Salvia bucharica (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2695, 2696.T5664 Salvia bulleyana (Lamiaceae); JI YE SHU WEI CAO; HastateleafSage. Isolated compounds: 4292, 5722, 5763, 14391, 14736, 17968,18012, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5665 Salvia canariensis (Lamiaceae); JIA NA LI SHU WEI CAO; CanariSage*. Isolated compounds: 19209.T5666 Salvia candelabrum (Lamiaceae); ZHU TAI SHU WEI CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 3064, 3065, 3066, 3067, 3068, 3069, 14210, 20465.T5667 Salvia castanea (Lamiaceae); LI SE SHU WEI CAO; Chestnut Sage.Isolated compounds: 4292, 5722, 5763, 14391, 14736, 17968, 18012,20685, 20686, 20687.T5668 Salvia cilicica (Lamiaceae); TU ER QI SHU WEI CAO; TurkishSage*. Isolated compounds: 3, 10429.T5669 Salvia cinnabarina (Lamiaceae); ZHU HONG SHU WEI CAO.Isolated compounds: 19620.T5670 Salvia dichroantha (Lamiaceae); ER SE HUA SHU WEI CAO;Twocolor-flower Sage*. Isolated compounds: 5432, 5433, 5434.T5671 Salvia digitaloides (Lamiaceae); MAO DI HUANG SHU WEI CAO;Foxglove-like Sage. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand dispel stasis, disinhibit damp and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Chest impediment and angina, menstrual disorder, menstrual pain,vaginal protrusion (prolapse of uterus), flooding and spotting, red andwhite vaginal discharge, malign sore and swelling toxin. Isolatedcompounds: 4292, 5722, 5763, 14391, 14736, 17968, 18012, 20685,20686, 20687.T5672 Salvia flava (Lamiaceae); HUANG HUA SHU WEI CAO;Yellowflower Sage. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken bloodand regulate menstruation, transform stasis and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Menstrual disorder, menstrual pain, menstrual block,flooding and spotting, blood ejection, wind-damp bone pain,mammary welling abscess, swelling of sores. Isolated compounds:4292, 5722, 5763, 14391, 14736, 17968, 18012, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5673 Salvia glutinosa (Lamiaceae); JIAO ZHI SHU WEI CAO; Sticky Clary.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To promote contraction and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Blood ejection, hemoptysis, hematochezia.Isolated compounds: 5165, 5654, 8289, 11730, 16356.T5674 Salvia greggii (Lamiaceae); GE SHI SHU WEI CAO; Gregg Sage*.Isolated compounds: 19212, 19213, 19214, 19215, 19216.T5675 Salvia hydrangea (Lamiaceae); XIU QIU SHU WEI CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 277, 4965, 5603, 6374, 16050.T5676 Salvia karabachensis (Lamiaceae); KA LA BA DAN SHEN; KarabaSage*. Isolated compounds: 20685.T5677 Salvia lineata (Lamiaceae); TIAO WEN SHU WEI CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 12879.T5678 Salvia mellifera (Lamiaceae); JU MI SHU WEI CAO; MelliferousSage*. Isolated compounds: 17486.T5679 Salvia microstegia (Lamiaceae); XIAO GAI SHU WEI CAO;Microcap Sage*. Isolated compounds: 17486.T5680 Salvia miltiorrhiza (Lamiaceae); DAN SHEN; Danshen. Equivalentplant: Salvia przewalskii, Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dispel stasis, regulatemenstruation and relieve pain, nourish blood and quiet spirit, coolblood and disperse welling abscess. TCM Indications: Angina pectoris,cerebral atherosclerosis, diffusive intravascular clotting,thrombophlebitis, hepatitis, acute surgical infection, mastitis,erysipelas, otitis media, tonsillitis, bone marrow infection, menstrualdisorder, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, postpartum stasis stagnationabdominal pain, pain in heart and abdomen, concretionconglomeration accumulation and gathering, heat impedimentswelling and pain, knocks and falls, heat entering construction-blood,vexation and agitation, insomnia and vexation, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore, zoster, neurodermatitis, psoriasis. Isolatedcompounds: 2106, 2887, 4292, 4627, 4628, 4629, 4630, 4631, 4632,4633, 4634, 4635, 4680, 4950, 4974, 5653, 5722, 5723, 5763, 6877,7764, 9455, 10492, 10736, 10737, 11354, 11629, 11729, 11731, 12204,12420, 12924, 12926, 13370, 14391, 14736, 14862, 14863, 14864,14865, 14927, 15374, 15375, 15801, 16072, 16073, 17968, 18012,18925, 19201, 19202, 19203, 19204, 19205, 19207, 19217, 19218,19219, 19983, 20679, 20680, 20681, 20682, 20683, 20684, 20685,20686, 20687, 20688, 21383, 22270.T5681 Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba (Lamiaceae); BAI HUA DAN SHEN;Whiteflower Danshen. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Salviamiltiorrhiza. TCM Indications: See Salvia miltiorrhiza. Isolatedcompounds: 20678, 21080.T5682 Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae); YAO YONG DAN SHEN; MedicinalSage. Isolated compounds: 3743, 12420, 13709, 14580, 19123.T5683 Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae); YAO YONG DAN SHEN YE;Medicinal Sage Leaf. Isolated compounds: 1476, 3745, 8090, 9564,9793, 9794, 9795, 14085, 21202.T5684 Salvia pisidica (Lamiaceae); DU YU SHU WEI CAO; Salvia pisidica.Isolated compounds: 17486.T5685 Salvia plebeia (Lamiaceae); LI ZHI CAO; Common Sage. Used part:aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool bloodand dissipate stasis, disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, swelling pain in throat, lungheat cough, hemoptysis, blood ejection, hematuria, flooding andspotting, bleeding from hemorrhoids, nephritis with edema, whiteturbidity, dysentery, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore,

556eczema titillation, knocks and falls, snake or insect bites. Isolatedcompounds: 5763, 7557, 7556, 9564, 9617.T5686 Salvia polystachya (Lamiaceae); DUO SUI SHU WEI CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 4937, 12879, 17682, 17683, 17684, 17685, 17686, 17687,19210.T5687 Salvia prionitis (Lamiaceae); HONG GEN CAO; Hispid Sage. Usedpart: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To course wind and clearheat, disinhibit damp, stanch bleeding, quiet fetus. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, pneumonia with cough and asthma, swellingpain in throat, hepatitis with rib-side pain, diarrhea, dysentery,nephritis, blood ejection, fetal spotting (precipitation of blood inpregnancy). Isolated compounds: 4292, 4950, 5722, 5763, 9629,10691, 12202, 14391, 14736, 17968, 18012, 19349, 19350, 19614,20685, 20686, 20687.T5688 Salvia przewalskii (Lamiaceae); GAN XI SHU WEI CAO; PrzewalskSage. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Salvia miltiorrhiza. TCMIndications: See Salvia miltiorrhiza. Isolated compounds: 2147, 2223,3206, 4292, 4629, 5722, 5723, 5763, 6016, 6877, 7764, 10957, 14391,14736, 15453, 17487, 17490, 17968, 18008, 18009, 18010, 18012,18921, 19209, 20465, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5689 Salvia przewalskii var. mandarinorum (Lamiaceae); ZI DAN SHEN;Manchurian Sage*. Isolated compounds: 4292, 5722, 14391, 14736,17968, 18011, 18012, 18013, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5690 Salvia roborowskii (Lamiaceae); NIAN MAO SHU WEI CAO;Roborowsk Sage. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear liver,brighten eyes, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall, eyescreen, hepatitis, toothache. Isolated compounds: 199, 21514, 21518,21519.T5691 Salvia sclarea (Lamiaceae); NAN OU DAN SHEN; Clary. Isolatedcompounds: 20686.T5692 Salvia sinica (Lamiaceae); NI DAN SHEN; Chinese Sage. Isolatedcompounds: 4292, 5722, 5763, 14391, 14736, 17968, 18012, 20685,20686, 20687.T5693 Salvia splendens (Lamiaceae); XI YANG HONG; Scarlet Sage.Isolated compounds: 14914.T5694 Salvia spp. (Lamiaceae); Salvia spp. Isolated compounds: 10792.T5695 Salvia staminea (Lamiaceae); XIONG RUI ZHUANG SHU WEI CAO;Staminate Sage*. Isolated compounds: 266, 1476, 1492, 3243, 4281,7764, 10024, 13137, 13511, 14846, 16415, 19220, 19981, 19983,19987, 20137, 20809.T5696 Salvia tomentosa (Lamiaceae); RONG MAO DAN SHEN; TomentoseSage*. Isolated compounds: 3741, 6452.T5697 Salvia trijuga (Lamiaceae); SAN YE SHU WEI CAO; Threeleaf Sage.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and regulatemenstruation, dispel stasis and engender flesh, boost kidney and quietspirit. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, menstrualblock, flooding, kidney vacuity lumbago, impotence, insomnia,frequent dreaming, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3916, 4088,4292, 5722, 5763, 7657, 7764, 9620, 14391, 14736, 17968, 18012,20465, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5698 Salvia uliginosa (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5017.T5699 Salvia wagneriana (Lamiaceae); Wiedemann Sage*. Isolatedcompounds: 5469, 9231, 17575, 17576, 17577.T5700 Salvia wiedemannii (Lamiaceae); WEI SHI SHU WEI CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 17486.T5701 Salvia yunnanensis (Lamiaceae); YUN NAN SHU WEI CAO; YunnanSage. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dispel stasis,cool blood and stanch bleeding, nourish heart and quiet spirit, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder,dysmenorrhea, menstrual block, persistent flow with abdominal pain,concretion and conglomeration, chest impediment and angina,arthralgia, mounting qi (hernia), flooding and spotting, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, hacking of blood, blood vacuity andnumbness in limbs, sleepless, amnesia, fright palpitation, fearfulthrobbing, mammary welling abscess, swelling of sores, stasisswelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 4292, 5722, 5763,14391, 14736, 17968, 18012, 20685, 20686, 20687.T5702 Samadera madagascariensis (Simaroubaceae); MA DAO HUANGLIAN SHU; Fatraina (in Madagascar). Isolated compounds: 3355,3571, 5705, 5706, 19221, 19222.T5703 Samanea saman (Fabaceae); YU SHU; Raintree. Isolated compounds:15708.T5704 Sambucus nigra (Caprifoliaceae); XI YANG JIE GU MU; Black Elder.Used part: stem-branch. TCM Effects: See Sambucus williamsii. TCMIndications: See Sambucus williamsii. Isolated compounds: 412, 2288,5639, 5640, 5641, 7821, 8675, 8676, 9590, 9840, 10953, 13640,17409, 18000, 19226, 23000.T5705 Sambucus sieboldiana (Caprifoliaceae); LAN SHAI PIAO; SieboldElder. Isolated compounds: 85, 5583, 5634, 5635, 13589, 13590,16090, 16587.T5706 Sambucus sp. (Caprifoliaceae). Isolated compounds: 4451.T5707 Sambucus williamsii (Caprifoliaceae); JIE GU MU; Elder*. Equivalentplant: Sambucus nigra. Used part: stem-branch. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and disinhibit damp, quicken blood, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, pain wind, osteoarthritis,acute nephritis, chronic nephritis, wind papules, knocks and falls,swelling pain from fracture, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 2331.Sandoricum indicum = Sandoricum koetjapeT5708 Sandoricum koetjape [Syn. Sandoricum indicum] (Meliaceae); YINDU SHAN DAO LIAN YE; Indian Katon. Isolated compounds: 19240,19241, 19242, 19243, 19244.T5709 Sanguinaria canadensis (Rosaceae); MEI ZHOU XUE GEN CAO;Bloodroot. Isolated compounds: 19284.T5710 Sanguinaria spp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T5711 Sanguisorba minor (Rosaceae); XIAO DI YU; Small Burnet*. Isolatedcompounds: 3178, 6249.T5712 Sanguisorba officinalis (Rosaceae); DI YU; Garden Burnet. Used part:root. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding, clear heat andresolve toxin, disperse swelling and close sores. TCM Indications:Blood ejection, hemoptysis, duodenal ulcer, spontaneous externalbleeding, hematuria, hematochezia, bleeding from hemorrhoids, blooddysentery, flooding and spotting, red and white vaginal discharge,swelling pain of welling abscess and sore, eczema, pudendal itch,burns and scalds, snake or insect bites. Isolated compounds: 1579,1580, 1581, 1582, 1583, 1584, 1585, 1586, 1587, 1588, 1589, 1590,

5571591, 3594, 4451, 6055, 6176, 7657, 8095, 10887, 14293, 14294,14295, 14746, 14772, 14773, 16358, 17696, 17698, 18916, 19273,19274, 19275, 19276, 19277, 19278, 19279, 19280, 19281, 19282,19283, 19285, 19286, 19287, 19288, 20433, 21170, 21861, 21864,21955, 23008, 23009.T5713 Sanicula sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 12420.T5714 Sansevieria trifasciata (Liliaceae); HU WEI LAN; Snake Sansevieria.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quickenblood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Common cold, lungheat cough, toxin swelling of sores, knocks and falls, poisonous snakebite, scalds. Isolated compounds: 1.T5715 Santalum album (Santalaceae); TAN XIANG; Sandalwood. Used part:heartwood. TCM Effects: To rectify qi and harmonize stomach. TCMIndications: Pain in chest and abdomen, cold stomachache, vomitingof water due to congealing cold qi stagnation, coronary heart diseasewith pattern of qi stagnation and blood stasis. Isolated compounds:2307, 4208, 5115, 5501, 5636, 7008, 7730, 8780, 9621, 10659, 10661,12207, 15630, 15810, 19300, 19301, 19302, 19303, 19304, 19305,19306, 19307, 19309, 19310, 19311, 20971, 20972, 20973.T5716 Santolina oblongifolia . Isolated compounds: 149.T5717 Sapindus delavayi [Syn. Pancovia delavayi] (Sapindaceae); PI SHAOZI; Chuandian Soapberry Seed. Used part: fruit or seed. TCM Effects:To move qi and disperse accumulation, resolve toxin and kill worms.TCM Indications: Mounting qi (hernia), child gan accumulation,nipple moth, mumps, scab and lai, yellow-water sore, ascariasis.Isolated compounds: 18237, 18238, 18239.T5718 Sapindus emarginatus (Sapindaceae); AO TOU WU HUAN ZI;Emarginate Soapberry Seed. Isolated compounds: 411, 9261, 16051.T5719 Sapindus mukorossi (Sapindaceae); WU HUAN ZI; Chinese SoapberrySeed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat, dispel phlegm,disperse accumulation, kill worms. TCM Indications: Throatimpediment sore with gall, lung heat cough, aphonia, food stagnation,gan accumulation, roundworm reversal with abdominal pain,trichomoniasis, skin lichen, toxin swelling. Isolated compounds:15029, 15030, 15031, 15032, 15033, 15034, 15035, 15036, 15037.T5720 Sapindus mukorossi (Sapindaceae); WU HUAN ZI PI; ChineseSoapberry Peel. Used part: pericarp. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve phlegm, relieve pain, disperse accumulation. TCM Indications:Throat impediment sore with gall, stomachache, mounting qi,wind-damp pain, worm accumulation, food stagnation, innominatetoxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 15029, 15030, 15031, 15032,15033, 15034, 15035, 15036, 15037, 19316, 19317, 19318, 19319,19320.T5721 Sapindus mukorossi (Sapindaceae); WU HUAN ZI YE; ChineseSoapberry Leaf. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin, suppress cough. TCM Indications: Snake bite, pertussis. Isolatedcompounds: 1476, 19316, 19317.T5722 Sapium japonicum (Euphorbiaceae); BAI MU WU JIU; JapaneseSapium. Used part: root cortex and leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipatestasis blood, strengthen lumbus and knees. TCM Indications: Taxationdamage, aching in lumbus and knees. Isolated compounds: 4055.T5723 Sapium sebiferum (Euphorbiaceae); WU JIU MU GEN PI; ChineseTallowtree Bark. Used part: root cortex. TCM Effects: To drainprecipitation and expel water, dissipate binds and disperse swelling,resolve snake toxin, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Edema,ascites, urinary and fecal stoppage, hypertension, concretionconglomeration accumulation and gathering, painful swelling fromclove sore, eczema, scab and lichen, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 4055, 6224, 8095, 19597, 22778.T5724 Sapium sebiferum (Euphorbiaceae); WU JIU YE; Chinese TallowtreeLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To drain precipitation and expelwater, dissipate stasis and disperse swelling, resolve toxin and killworms. TCM Indications: Swollen welling abscess and clove sores,sore and scab, foot lichen, eczema, snake bite, vaginitis. Isolatedcompounds: 8095.T5725 Sapium spp. (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17181.Sapium sylvatica = Stillingia sylvaticaT5726 Saponaria officinalis (Caryophyllaceae); FEI ZAO CAO; Soapwort.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,dispel phlegm, disinhibit urine, kill worms. TCM Indications: Cough,skin diseases. Isolated compounds: 19331.T5727 Saposhnikovia divaricata [Syn. Ledebouriella seseloides] (Apiaceae);FANG FENG; Divaricate Saposhnikovia. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and resolve exterior, overcome damp andrelieve pain, resolve spasm, relieve itch. TCM Indications: Migraine,headache and generalized pain, common cold, rheumatoid arthritis,externally contracted wind-cold, wind-damp impediment pain, achingpain in joints, abdominal pain and diarrhea, intestinal wind bleeding,tetanus, wind papule itching, sores. Isolated compounds: 407, 2309,2412, 3652, 4367, 4680, 5039, 6529, 7514, 7707, 8684, 9205, 9375,9377, 9512, 9514, 9976, 11001, 12601, 12800, 14176, 14812, 15252,15973, 15977, 15984, 16876, 16885, 17077, 17376, 17856, 18086,19983, 20446.T5728 Saprolegnia ferax . Isolated compounds: 19976.T5729 Saprosma scortechinii (Rubiaceae); MA LAI BAN DAO RAN MUSHU; Malaya Dieingtree*. Isolated compounds: 5785, 5915, 6869,13914, 13952, 13953, 19351, 19352, 21746, 21782.T5730 Sarcandra glabra [Syn. Chloranthus glaber] (Chloranthaceae); JIUJIE CHA; Glabrous Sarcandra. Used part: leaf and branchlet. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood anddissipate stasis, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, numbness in limbs, knocks and falls,fracture, dysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain,pneumonia, acute appendicitis, bacillary dysentery, cholecystitis,abscess, stomatitis. Isolated compounds: 4143, 7996, 11428, 11792,20444.T5731 Sarcococca coriacea [Syn. Sarcococca wallichii] (Buxaceae); YUNNAN YE SHAN HUA; Yunnan Sarcococca. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To quicken blood and move qi, disperse swelling andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Pain in stomach duct, knocks and falls,innominate toxin swelling. Isolated compounds: 7177, 7198, 8009,14449.T5732 Sarcococca saligna (Buxaceae); YE SHAN HUA; WillowleafSarcococca. Isolated compounds: 904, 19354, 19355, 19356.T5733 Sarcococca vagans (Buxaceae); HAI NAN YE SHAN HUA; HainanSarcococca. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To joint bones. TCM

558Indications: Fracture. Isolated compounds: 16501, 19362, 19363,19364, 19365.Sarcococca wallichii = Sarcococca coriaceaT5734 Sarcodon aspratus (Thelephoraceae); Kotake (in Japanese). Isolatedcompounds: 10592.T5735 Sarcodon glaucopus (Thelephoraceae); CANG BAI BING ROU CHIJUN. Isolated compounds: 8521, 8522.T5736 Sarcomelicope glauca . Isolated compounds: 7830, 9226, 12254,20002.T5737 Sarcomelicope megistophylla . Isolated compounds: 569, 776, 8027,8028, 13651, 13652, 19359, 19618.T5738 Sargassum micracanthum (Sargassaceae); Brown alga; GulfweedSargassum micracanthum. Isolated compounds: 17516, 17517, 17518,17519, 17520.T5739 Sargassum parvivesiculosum (Sargassaceae); XI NANG MA WEIZAO; Parvivesiculose Gulfweed*. Isolated compounds: 5481, 6480,6481, 9411, 14931.T5740 Sargassum vachellianum (Sargassaceae); WA SHI MA WEI ZAO;Vachelli Gulfweed*. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To dispersephlegm, soften hardness, disinhibit water, abate swelling. TCMIndications: Goiter and carcinomas of neck, scrofula, bulgingmounting, leg qi puffy swelling. Isolated compounds: 22307.T5741 Sargentodoxa cuneata (Sargentodoxaceae); DA XUE TENG;Sargentgloryvine. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood, dispel wind. TCM Indications: Intestinalwelling abscess and abdominal pain, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea,wind-damp impediment pain, painful swelling from knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 3551, 4362, 4363, 4364, 4365, 4366, 13834,16254, 19366, 22333.T5742 Sarracenia flava (Sarraceniaceae); HUANG PING ZI CAO; YellowPitcherplant. Isolated compounds: 3988, 19387.T5743 Sarracenia sp. (Sarraceniaceae). Isolated compounds: 9568.T5744 Sassafras albidum (Lauraceae); MEI ZHOU CHA MU; Sassafras.Isolated compounds: 2538, 19121.T5745 Sassafras randainense (Lauraceae); TAI WAN CHA MU; TaiwanSassafras. Isolated compounds: 7521, 13388, 18533.T5746 Sassafras tzumu (Lauraceae); CHA SHU; Common Sassafras. Usedpart: root, stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,quicken blood and dissipate stasis, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, knocks and falls, taxation damage inlumbar muscle, hemiplegia, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 7521.T5747 Sauromatum guttatum (Araceae); KU BAO; Monarch-of-the-East.Isolated compounds: 11025, 19187.T5748 Sauropus androgynus (Euphorbiaceae); TONG XU SHOU GONG MU;Geckowood. Isolated compounds: 11478, 19418.T5749 Saururus cernuus (Saururaceae); MEI ZHOU SAN BAI CAO;Lizard’s-tail. Isolated compounds: 4920, 5624, 19404, 19415, 19416,19417, 22383.T5750 Saururus chinensis (Saururaceae); SAN BAI CAO; Chinese Lizardtail.Used part: rhizome or whole plant. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit urine, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Edema, beriberi, jaundice, strangury-turbidity, vaginal discharge,swollen welling abscess, clove sore. Isolated compounds: 1692, 1695,2039, 6410, 10887, 11642, 13292, 13474, 13475, 13992, 18411, 19398,19399, 19400, 19401, 19402, 19403, 19404, 19405, 19406, 19407,19417, 19419.T5751 Saururus sp. (Saururaceae). Isolated compounds: 13474, 13475, 19397,19405, 19406.T5752 Saussurea amarafisch (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 19087,20569.Saussurea carthamoides = Hemistepta lyrataT5753 Saussurea gnaphaloides (Asteraceae); SHU QU FENG MAO JU;Cudweed-like Saussurea. Used part: whole herb with root. TCMEffects: See Saussurea laniceps. TCM Indications: See Saussurealaniceps. Isolated compounds: 19087, 20569.T5754 Saussurea graminea (Asteraceae); HE YE FENG MAO JU; GrassleafSaussurea. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Common cold with fever, damp-heat jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea,blood ejection, bloody stool. Isolated compounds: 19087, 20569.Saussurea hieracioides = Saussurea superbaT5755 Saussurea involucrata (Asteraceae); XUE LIAN; Snow Lotus. Usedpart: whole herb with flower. TCM Effects: To warm kidney andinvigorate yang, dispel wind and overcome damp, quicken blood andfree menstruation. TCM Indications: Impotence, weakness in lumbusand knees, wind-damp impediment pain, menstrual disorder,amenorrhea, uterus cold and abdominal pain, cold rheum cough.Isolated compounds: 1621, 9385, 9500, 19087, 20569, 22809.T5756 Saussurea japonica (Asteraceae); FENG MAO JU; Wildhairdaisy.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 12522,12523.T5757 Saussurea laniceps (Asteraceae); MIAN TOU XUE LIAN; LanatcheadSaussurea. Equivalent plant: Saussurea medusa, Saussureagnaphaloides. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: Towarm kidney and invigorate yang, regulate menstruation and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Impotence, limp aching lumbus and knees,vaginal discharge, menstrual disorder, wind-damp impediment,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: no.T5758 Saussurea lappa [Syn. Aucklandia lappa] (Asteraceae); MU XIANG;Common Aucklandia (Costustoot). Used part: root. TCM Effects: Tomove qi and relieve pain, fortify spleen and disperse food. TCMIndications: Distending pain in chest and stomach duct, diarrhea andtenesmus, non-digestion of food accumulation, no thought of food anddrink. Isolated compounds: 834, 1048, 1122, 1123, 1525, 1617, 1795,2331, 3045, 3354, 3774, 3908, 4126, 4127, 4128, 4485, 4486, 4550,4565, 4891, 5570, 5607, 5701, 5795, 6741, 6746, 7044, 8338, 8339,8341, 8342, 8817, 9486, 9669, 10483, 11122, 11123, 11203, 11371,11627, 12511, 12512, 12849, 12873, 12891, 13899, 15146, 17055,18673, 19308, 19420, 19421, 19422, 19423, 19424, 19427, 19687,19983, 20369, 20469, 20470, 20569, 20704, 22962.T5759 Saussurea medusa (Asteraceae); SHUI MU XUE LIAN; MedusaSaussurea. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: SeeSaussurea laniceps. TCM Indications: See Saussurea laniceps.

559Isolated compounds: 85, 1476, 1491, 1492, 1499, 1621, 1623, 2920,2921, 3609, 3610, 3674, 11642, 12987, 13137, 13145, 13149, 14224,17409, 17415, 18317, 19425, 19426, 19618, 20556.T5760 Saussurea mongolica (Asteraceae); MENG GU FENG MAO JU;Mongolian Saussurea*. Isolated compounds: 1847, 13983.T5761 Saussurea neopulchella (Asteraceae); XIN MEI FENG MAO JU; NewBeauty Saussurea*. Isolated compounds: 19414.T5762 Saussurea nigrescens (Asteraceae); DUN BAO XUE LIAN; BlackenSaussurea. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood andregulate menstruation, clear heat and brighten eyes. TCM Indications:Menstrual disorder, steaming bone taxation fever, liver heat and redeyes. Isolated compounds: 19087, 20569.T5763 Saussurea parviflora (Asteraceae); XIAO HUA FENG MAO JU;Smallflower Saussurea*. Isolated compounds: 19087, 20569.T5764 Saussurea petrovii (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 7205, 20697,20699, 20700, 20701, 20702.T5765 Saussurea phaeantha (Asteraceae); HE HUA XUE LIAN;Brownflower Saussurea. Isolated compounds: 20569.T5766 Saussurea prostrata (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 19087, 20569.T5767 Saussurea pulchella (Asteraceae); MEI HUA FENG MAO JU;Beautiful-flowered Saussurea. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:To dispel wind, clear heat, eliminate damp, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, rheumatic arthritis, damp-heatdiarrhea. Isolated compounds: 19087, 19414, 20569.T5768 Saussurea salsa (Asteraceae); YAN DI FENG MAO JU; SalineSaussurea. Isolated compounds: 4795.T5769 Saussurea soroseris (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 19087, 20569.T5770 Saussurea superba [Syn. Saussurea hieracioides] (Asteraceae);CHANG MAO FENG MAO JU; Hawkweed-like Saussurea. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To drain water retension. TCM Indications:Edema, ascites (hydroperitoneum), effusion in thorax. Isolatedcompounds: 20569.T5771 Saussurea tridactyla var. maidugonla (Asteraceae); CONG ZHU XUELIAN. Isolated compounds: 20003.T5772 Saxidomus giganteus (Veneridae); BAI TA GE. Isolated compounds:19431.T5773 Saxifraga stolonifera (Saxifragaceae); HU ER CAO; CreepingRockfoil. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andclear heat, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Windpapules, eczema, otitis media, erysipelas, cough with blood ejection,pulmonary welling abscess, flooding and spotting, hemorrhoids.Isolated compounds: 1618, 2312, 15719, 17895, 18369.T5774 Scabiosa caucasica (Dipsacaceae); GAO JIA SUO LAN PEN HUA;Caucasian Scabious*. Isolated compounds: 6454.T5775 Scabiosa comosa (Dipsacaceae); MENG GU SHAN LUO BO;Narrowleaf Scabious. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clear heatand drain fire. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough asthma, liver fireheadache, red eyes, damp-heat jaundice. Isolated compounds: 1121,6452, 8827, 15363.T5776 Scabiosa soongorica (Dipsacaceae); ZHUN GE ER LAN PEN HUA.Isolated compounds: 22839.T5777 Scabiosa spp. (Dipsacaceae). Isolated compounds: 3551.T5778 Scabiosa tschiliensis (Dipsacaceae); HUA BEI LAN PEN HUA;Huapei Scabious. Isolated compounds: 9632, 9633, 16701, 19433,19434, 19435, 19436, 19437, 19438, 19439, 19440, 19441, 19442.T5779 Scapania undulata (Scapaniaceae); BO BAN HE YE TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 6740, 6744, 9332, 11509, 16911, 16976.T5780 Scaphopetalum thonneri (Sterculiaceae). Isolated compounds: 19456,19457.T5781 Schefflera arboricola (Araliaceae); E ZHANG TENG; ScandentSchefflera. Used part: root or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel windand relieve pain, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, headache, toothache, painin stomach duct and abdomen, dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdominalpain, painful swelling from knocks and falls, fracture, swelling ofsores. Isolated compounds: 1503, 1515, 17729, 18419, 18687, 18688,18704, 18705, 18721, 18726.T5782 Schefflera fagueti (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 8662, 8717, 8718,8749, 18690, 18692.T5783 Schefflera rotundifolia (Araliaceae); YUAN YE E ZHANG CHAI;Roundleaf Schefflera*. Isolated compounds: 1575, 2276, 2287, 2290,8715, 8716, 10953, 18689, 18691, 18693, 18733, 22838.T5784 Schefflera spp. (Araliaceae). Isolated compounds: 12642.T5785 Schefflera venulosa (Araliaceae); MI MAI E ZHANG CHAI;Densevein Schefflera. Used part: stem cortex. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve pain, quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, pain in stomach duct,wound swelling from knocks and falls, fracture, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 3615, 6204, 19458.T5786 Schinopsis sp. (Anacardiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5613.T5787 Schinopsis spp. (Anacardiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3492.T5788 Schinus molle (Schisandraceae); ROU MAO XIAO RU XIANG; HairyPeppertree*. Isolated compounds: 3462, 6938, 11530.T5789 Schinus terebinthifolius (Schisandraceae); XIAO RU XIANG;Brazilian Peppertree. Isolated compounds: 2380, 3188, 19101.T5790 Schisandra arisanensis (Schisandraceae); A LI SHAN WU WEI ZI;Taiwan Magnoliavine. Isolated compounds: 8907, 8912, 8917, 19465.T5791 Schisandra chinensis (Schisandraceae); WU WEI ZI; ChineseMagnoliavine. Equivalent plant: Schisandra sphenanthera. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To promote contraction and secure astriction,boost qi and engender liquid, quiet heart and spirit. TCM Indications:Enduring cough and vacuity asthma, dream emission, frequenturination and enuresis, incessant chronic diarrhea, spontaneoussweating and night sweating, fluid damage and thirst, palpitation andinsomnia. Isolated compounds: 336, 1206, 1207, 1208, 1209, 1212,2240, 2241, 2242, 2245, 2411, 2412, 2852, 3045, 3242, 3465, 3466,3760, 3768, 3769, 3848, 4367, 4499, 4550, 5178, 5213, 6373, 6741,6926, 7392, 8312, 8906, 8907, 8908, 8909, 8910, 8911, 8912, 8913,8914, 8915, 8916, 8917, 8918, 8919, 8920, 8921, 8922, 8923, 8924,8925, 8926, 9501, 11510, 11626, 11698, 12843, 12849, 12955, 12969,14156, 14599, 15146, 15701, 15705, 15741, 15968, 15969, 17096,17103, 17129, 17376, 17806, 18061, 19044, 19303, 19306, 19473,19474, 19477, 19478, 19489, 19490, 19491, 19497, 19687, 19786,20988, 20990, 20992, 20995, 21353, 21377, 21415, 22559, 22560,22561.T5792 Schisandra grandiflora (Schisandraceae); DA HUA WU WEI ZI;

560Bigflower Magnoliavine*. Isolated compounds: 19472.T5793 Schisandra henryi (Schisandraceae); YI GENG WU WEI ZI; HenryMagnoliavine. Used part: rattan and root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, move qi and relieve pain, quicken blood andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, qi painin heart and stomach, taxation damage and blood ejection, amenorrhea,menstrual disorder, knocks and falls, swelling toxin of incised wound.Isolated compounds: 1466, 8907, 12011, 19475, 19498, 22737, 22738.T5794 Schisandra lancifolia (Schisandraceae); XIA YE WU WEI ZI;Narrowleaf Magnoliavine*. Used part: lianoid stem and root. TCMEffects: To quicken blood and dispel stasis, disperse swelling andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, fracture, wind-damplumbago. Isolated compounds: 12473, 12474, 12475, 12476.T5795 Schisandra micrantha (Schisandraceae); XIAO HUA WU WEI ZI;Smallflower Magnoliavine*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and disinhibit damp, rectify qi and quicken blood. TCMIndications: Wind-damp bone pain, knocks and falls, stomachache,menstrual disorder, nephritis. Isolated compounds: 10312, 12011,14832, 14833, 14834, 19499.T5796 Schisandra nigra (Schisandraceae); NEI FENG XIAO; BlackMagnoliavine*. Isolated compounds: 15570, 19476, 19499.T5797 Schisandra propinqua (Schisandraceae); HAN RUI WU WEI ZI;Angletwig Magnoliavine. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, soothe sinews and quicken blood,disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Influenza,poisonous snake bite, rabid dog bite, rheumatism numbness, knocksand falls, menstrual disorder, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore. Isolated compounds: 1467, 17928, 17929, 19488.T5798 Schisandra propinqua var. intermedia (Schisandraceae); ZHONGJIAN WU WEI ZI; Intermediate Magnoliavine. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, soothe sinews andquicken blood, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Influenza, poisonous snake bite, rabid dog bite, rheumatism numbness,knocks and falls, menstrual disorder, swelling toxin of welling abscessand sore. Isolated compounds: 1468, 1518, 1558, 13522, 17848.T5799 Schisandra rubriflora (Schisandraceae); HONG HUA WU WEI ZI;Redflower Magnoliavine. Used part: rattan. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Rheumatic arthritis. Isolated compounds: 5178, 5213,8917, 8923, 12003, 19044, 19477, 19478, 19497.T5800 Schisandra sp. (Schisandraceae). Isolated compounds: 19479, 19480,19481, 19482.T5801 Schisandra sphaerandra (Schisandraceae); QIU RUI WU WEI ZI;Ballander Magnoliavine. Isolated compounds: 15570.T5802 Schisandra sphenanthera (Schisandraceae); HUA ZHONG WU WEIZI; Orange Magnoliavine. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeSchisandra chinensis. TCM Indications: See Schisandra chinensis.Isolated compounds: 1466, 1467, 5213, 8907, 8908, 8917, 15570,19473, 19474, 19475, 19487, 19489, 19490, 19497, 19498.T5803 Schistochila glaucescens (Schistochilaceae); CANG BAI QI SHE TAI.Isolated compounds: 8247, 8248.Schizocapsa plantaginea = Tacca plantagineaT5804 Schizonepeta tenuifolia [Syn. Nepeta tenuifolia] (Lamiaceae); JINGJIE; Fineleaf Schizonepeta. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: Todispel wind, resolve exterior, outthrust papules, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, headache, itchy eye, cough,swelling pain in throat, measles papules, wind papules, swollenwelling abscess, sore and scab, throat pain, conjunctivitis, childmeasles, spontaneous external bleeding, blood ejection, hematochezia,flooding and spotting, postpartum blood dizziness. Isolatedcompounds: 3045, 3242, 3674, 4550, 5868, 6741, 9456, 9458, 9670,10069, 11639, 12843, 13137, 13776, 14271, 15978, 15979, 15983,17376, 17377, 17452, 17456, 18190, 18925, 19503, 19504, 19505,19506, 19507, 19508, 19509, 19510.T5805 Schkuhria pinnata (Asteraceae); SHI KU JU; Dwarf Marigold. Isolatedcompounds: 9570, 19511.T5806 Schlumbergera truncata (Cactaceae); XIE ZHUA LAN; Crab-crawOrchis*. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Toxin swelling of sores, parotitis.Isolated compounds: 15343.T5807 Schnabelia tetradonta (Lamiaceae); SI CHI SI LENG CAO; FourteechSchnabelia. Isolated compounds: 313, 1476, 1480, 1560, 2056, 4680,8745, 8767, 13580, 15133, 19983, 21144.T5808 Schoenocaulon officinale (Liliaceae); WEI JING BAI HE;Schoenocoulon officinale. Isolated compounds: 4337, 14963, 15058,16471, 16472, 17283, 18647, 19512, 22382.T5809 Scilla dracomontana (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 5986.T5810 Scilla maderensis [Syn. Autonoë madeirensis] (Liliaceae); MA DE LIMIAN ZAO ER; Madrid Squill*. Isolated compounds: 1041.T5811 Scilla nervosa (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 5839, 6210, 6234,6256, 9836, 9842, 9843, 9844, 9851, 10385, 10386, 10387, 10410,13854, 13855, 13856.T5812 Scilla peruviana (Liliaceae); BI LU MIAN ZAO ER; Peru Squill*.Isolated compounds: 16997, 16998.T5813 Scilla scilloides (Liliaceae); MIAN ZAO ER; Common Squill. Usedpart: bulb or whole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and relievepain, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Mammarywelling abscess, knocks and falls, pain in sinews and bones, swellingpain of welling abscess and sore, edema due to heart disease. Isolatedcompounds: 17951, 19516, 19517, 19524, 19525, 19526.T5814 Scleroderma citrinum (Sclerodermataceae); HUANG YING PI MABO; Yellow Hardpeel Puff-ball*. Isolated compounds: 422, 6298,6394, 14321, 14670.Scleroderma tinctorium = Pisolithus tinctoriusT5815 Scleropyrum wallichianum (Santalaceae); YING HE; WallichScleropyrum. Isolated compounds: 19533, 19983, 19999, 20369,20377.T5816 Sclerotinia fruticola (Sclerotiniaceae). Isolated compounds: 19534.T5817 Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (Scolopendridae); WU GONG;Centipede. Used part: dried body. TCM Effects: To calm, lower bloodpressure, extinguish wind and check tetany, resolve toxin and dissipatebinds, free network vessels and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Acutefright wind, chronic fright wind, tetanus, spasm, convulsion, toxinswelling of sores and open sores, scrofula with ulceration, intractableheadache with pulling sensation, wind-damp impediment pain,hypertension. Isolated compounds: 3585, 9568, 10190.

561T5818 Scoparia dulcis (Scrophulariaceae); YE GAN CAO; Sweet Broomwort.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Lung heatcough, summerheat-heat diarrhea, beriberi with general edema, childmeasles, papules, eczema, prickly heat, laryngitis, erysipelas. Isolatedcompounds: 1477, 1486, 3907, 6621, 7016, 7522, 11405, 19535,19536, 19537, 19538, 19539, 21734.T5819 Scopolia acutangula [Syn. Anisodus acutangulus] (Solanaceae); SANFEN SAN; Acutangular Scopolia. Used part: root, leaf or seed. TCMEffects: To anesthetize and settle pain. TCM Indications: Stomachache,fracture, wind-damp pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 4417.T5820 Scopolia carniolica (Solanaceae); OU LANG DANG; EuropeanScopolia. Isolated compounds: 10870.T5821 Scopolia japonica (Solanaceae); DONG LANG DANG; JapaneseScopolia. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To resolve tetany andsettle pain, constrain sweat and astringe intestines. TCM Indications:Various pains, mental manic agitation, swelling toxin of sore andwelling abscess, anthrax, bleeding due to external injury, body lichen.Isolated compounds: 10870, 15760, 19542, 19545.T5822 Scopolia sinensis (Solanaceae); TIAN PENG ZI; Chinese Atropanthe.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind-cold, quickennetwork vessels and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, paralysis, painful wound from knocks and falls, tetanus.Isolated compounds: 2001.T5823 Scopolia spp. (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 10870.Scopolia tangutica = Anisodus tanguticusT5824 Scorzonera hispanica (Asteraceae); XI JUAN YA CONG; Scorzonera.Isolated compounds: 3981.T5825 Scorzonera humilis (Asteraceae); AI SHENG YA CONG; Viper’s-glass.Isolated compounds: 22160, 22161.T5826 Scrophularia buergeriana (Scrophulariaceae); BEI XUAN SHEN;Buerger Figwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Scrophularianingpoensis. TCM Indications: See Scrophularia ningpoensis. Isolatedcompounds: 2702, 2709, 2710, 2711, 2712, 2887, 3695, 4135, 7768,9237, 9238, 13885, 13886, 13888, 13889, 13890, 13891, 14259.T5827 Scrophularia lepidota (Scrophulariaceae); LIN PIAN XUAN SHEN;Scale Figwort*. Isolated compounds: 815, 816, 1241, 2004, 3306,5675, 11148, 14222, 19568, 19960.T5828 Scrophularia ningpoensis (Scrophulariaceae); XUAN SHEN; NingpoFigwort. Equivalent plant: Scrophularia buergeriana. Used part: root.TCM Effects: To clear heat and cool blood, enrich yin and downbearfire, resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications: Heat enteringconstruction-blood, generalized fever, vexation and thirst, crimsontongue, macular eruption, steaming bone taxation cough, vacuityvexation and insomnia, fluid damage and constipation, dry eyes withclouded flowery vision, swelling pain in throat, scrofula with phlegmnode, sore toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 410, 415, 1866, 2702, 2703, 2704, 2705, 2706, 2707,2708, 2713, 3695, 6841, 7776, 8064, 9237, 9238, 9912, 10209, 10381,14222, 15615, 15616, 15617, 15618, 15619, 15620, 15621, 16402,19571, 19983.T5829 Scrophularia nodosa (Scrophulariaceae); LIN SHENG XUAN SHEN;Common Figwort. Isolated compounds: 3695, 6454, 9238.T5830 Scurrura atropurpurea (Loranthaceae); HEI ZI LI GUO JI SHENG;Black-purple Scurrula*. TCM Effects: Anticarcinoma. Isolatedcompounds: 2040, 2892, 3308, 6853, 6864, 6923, 10944, 12891,12893, 15947, 15955, 15956, 16066, 18411, 19087, 21310.T5831 Scutellaria altissima (Lamiaceae); GAO HUANG QIN; Tall Skullcap.Isolated compounds: 19587.T5832 Scutellaria amabilis (Lamiaceae); KE AI HUANG QIN; DelightfulSkullcap*. Isolated compounds: 5831, 5980, 9394, 15970, 21109,21110, 21111, 21115, 21736, 21778, 21779.T5833 Scutellaria amoena (Lamiaceae); DIAN HUANG QIN; YunnanSkullcap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Scutellaria baicalensis.TCM Indications: See Scutellaria baicalensis. Isolated compounds:2102, 2106, 3600, 15815, 16216, 16846, 16848, 19580, 19581, 19983,20009, 21108, 21114, 21775, 22718, 22720.T5834 Scutellaria baicalensis (Lamiaceae); HUANG QIN; Baikal Skullcap.Equivalent plant: Scutellaria amoena, Scutellaria viscidula,Scutellaria likiangensis, Scutellaria rehderiana, Scutellariahypericifolia. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drydamp, drain fire and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding, quiet fetus. TCMIndications: Chest oppression with retching, diarrhea, jaundice, lungheat cough, infection of upper respiratory tract, acute tonsillitis, acutepharyngolaryngitis, ardent fever with vexation and thirst, blood heat,blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore, stirring fetus in pregnancy. Isolatedcompounds: 1568, 1569, 2102, 2103, 2106, 3040, 3600, 5546, 5685,5830, 6150, 6161, 7278, 9486, 10026, 10444, 10829, 11697, 11703,13847, 13942, 15815, 16216, 16217, 16846, 16848, 17098, 17101,19587, 19587, 19588, 19983, 20004, 20009, 20369, 20369, 20446,21094, 21113, 21114, 21126, 21708, 21710, 21712, 21732, 21738,21769, 21772, 21773, 21775, 21777, 21855, 22534, 22718, 22719,22720.T5835 Scutellaria barbata [Syn. Scutellaria rivularis] (Lamiaceae); BANZHI LIAN; Barbed Skullcap. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis,disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Heat toxinswollen welling abscess, throat pain, pulmonary welling abscess,intestinal welling abscess, scrofula, poisonous snake bite, knocks andfalls, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, blood strangury,edema, ascites, carcinoma. Isolated compounds: 3223, 9831, 10028,10829, 18853, 19582, 19587, 22718.T5836 Scutellaria discolor (Lamiaceae); ZI BEI HUANG QIN; DiscoloredSkullcap*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exteriorand abate fever, relieve cough, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, swelling pain in throat,vomiting diarrhea with abdominal pain, vacuity taxation cough, heattoxin sore and welling abscess, otitis media. Isolated compounds:10028, 15815.T5837 Scutellaria epilobifolia (Lamiaceae); LIU YE CAI HUANG QIN;Willowweedleaf Skullcap. Isolated compounds: 15815.T5838 Scutellaria galericulata (Lamiaceae); BING TOU CAO; GalericulateSkullcap. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, disinhibit water and free strangury, quicken blood anddissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Heat strangury, blood strangury,

562intestinal welling abscess, hepatitis, carcinoma, toxin swelling of sores,knocks and falls, poisonous insect stings. Isolated compounds: 8081.T5839 Scutellaria hypericifolia (Lamiaceae); CHUAN HUANG QIN; St.Johnswortleaf Skullcap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Scutellariabaicalensis. TCM Indications: See Scutellaria baicalensis. Isolatedcompounds: 2102, 2106, 16216, 21094, 22718, 22720.T5840 Scutellaria indica (Lamiaceae); HAN XIN CAO; Indian Skullcap.Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, quicken blood and relieve pain, stanch bleeding anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swollen welling abscess andtoxin of clove, pulmonary welling abscess, intestinal welling abscess,scrofula, poisonous snake bite, lung heat cough asthma, toothache,throat impediment, sore pharynx, pain in sinews and bones, bloodejection, hemoptysis, hematochezia, knocks and falls, bleeding due toexternal injury, itchy skin. Isolated compounds: 11703, 19582.T5841 Scutellaria likiangensis (Lamiaceae); LI JIANG HUANG QIN;Likiang Skullcap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Scutellariabaicalensis. TCM Indications: See Scutellaria baicalensis. Isolatedcompounds: 2102, 16216, 22718.T5842 Scutellaria przewalskii (Lamiaceae); AI YE HUANG QIN; PrzewalskSkullcap. Isolated compounds: 9564.T5843 Scutellaria rehderiana (Lamiaceae); GAN SU HUANG QIN; RehderSkullcap;. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Scutellaria baicalensis.TCM Indications: See Scutellaria baicalensis. Isolated compounds:2102, 2106, 16216, 21094, 22718.Scutellaria rivularis = Scutellaria barbataT5844 Scutellaria scordifolia (Lamiaceae); BING TOU HUANG QIN;Twinflower Skullcap. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Hepatitis, cirrhosis with ascites, appendicitis, mastitis,snake or insect bites, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2102,2106.T5845 Scutellaria viscidula (Lamiaceae); ZHAN MAO HUANG QIN;Viscidhair Skullcap. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Scutellariabaicalensis. TCM Indications: See Scutellaria baicalensis. Isolatedcompounds: 2102, 2106, 16216, 20009, 21094, 22718, 22720.T5846 Scutia buxifolia (Rhamnaceae); HUANG YANG YE DUI CI TENG;Boxleaf Scutia*. Isolated compounds: 3962, 19589, 19590, 19591,19592, 19593, 19594, 19595.T5847 Securidaca inappendiculata (Polygalaceae); CHAN YI TENG;Cicadawingvine. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, wind-damp bone pain, acute gastroenteritis, allergicdermatitis. Isolated compounds: 5845, 6012, 6013, 6182, 6183, 6357,8306, 10046, 16109, 19643, 19645, 19646, 21791, 21792.T5848 Securinega suffruticosa (Euphorbiaceae); YI YE QIU; SuffrutescentSecurinega. Used part: root and twig. TCM Effects: To dispel windand quicken blood, boost kidney and strengthen sinews. TCMIndications: Neuralgia, recurrent neuritis, chronic ischiatitis,neurasthenia, depression, schizophrenia, senile dementia, wind-damplumbago, numbness in limbs, impotence, child gan accumulation,facial paralysis, sequel of poliomyelitis. Isolated compounds: 940,5712, 5738, 6044, 6045, 10052, 17214, 19639, 19640, 19641, 19642,19644, 22529.T5849 Sedum acre (Crassulaceae); TAI JING TIAN; Biting Stonecrop.Isolated compounds: 2845, 12937, 16789, 19647, 19649.T5850 Sedum aizoon (Crassulaceae); FEI CAI; Aizoon Stonecrop. Used part:whole herb or root. TCM Effects: See Sedum kamtschaticum. TCMIndications: See Sedum kamtschaticum. Isolated compounds: 1618,15177, 15179, 19649, 19650.T5851 Sedum alfredii [Syn. Sedum formosanum] (Crassulaceae); DONGNAN JING TIAN; Alfred Stonecrop. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To clear heat and cool blood, resolve toxin and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Blood ejection due to blood heat,spontaneous external bleeding, heat toxin swollen welling abscess.Isolated compounds: 12838.T5852 Sedum bulbiferum (Crassulaceae); XIAO JIAN CAO; BulbiferousStonecrop. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, cool blood and stanch bleeding, interrupt malaria. TCMIndications: Heat toxin swollen welling abscess, gum swelling andpain, poisonous snake bite, bleeding due to blood heat, bleeding due toexternal injury, malaria. Isolated compounds: 1105, 1108.T5853 Sedum cepaea (Crassulaceae); XI PA JING TIAN; Cepaea Stonecrop*.Isolated compounds: 19379.T5854 Sedum ewersii (Crassulaceae); YI WO SI JING TIAN; EwersStonecrop*. Isolated compounds: 663.Sedum formosanum = Sedum alfrediiT5855 Sedum kamtschaticum (Crassulaceae); HENG GEN FEI CAI; OrangeStonecrop. Equivalent plant: Sedum aizoon. Used part: whole herb orroot. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis, stanch bleeding, quiet heart andspirit, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, hemoptysis, hematochezia, hematuria, flooding andspotting, bleeding due to external injury, knocks and falls, palpitation,insomnia, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil, burns and scalds,poisonous insect stings. Isolated compounds: 663, 8959, 8965, 11551,14534, 15184.T5856 Sedum lineare [Syn. Sedum obtuso-lineare] (Crassulaceae); FO JIACAO; Linear Stonecrop. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, red eyes with gall, heat toxinswollen welling abscess, clove sore, erysipelas, herpes zoster, burnsand scalds, poisonous snake bites, jaundice, damp-heat dysentery,hematochezia, flooding and spotting, bleeding due to external injury,flat wart. Isolated compounds: 16211, 16212.Sedum obtuso-lineare = Sedum lineareT5857 Sedum sarmentosum (Crassulaceae); SHI ZHI JIA; Stringy Stonecrop.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disperse swelling,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, acuteicterohepatitis, mastitis, heat strangury, swollen welling abscess, burnsand scalds, snake bite, insect bites. Isolated compounds: 11648, 11655,12015, 14534, 18317, 19377, 19650.T5858 Sedum spp. (Crassulaceae). Isolated compounds: 19647.T5859 Selaginella braunii (Selaginellaceae); MAO ZHI JUAN BAI; Braun’sSpikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, relieve cough. TCM Indications: Jaundice, dysentery,lung heat cough, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376,

5638401.T5860 Selaginella davidii (Selaginellaceae); MAN SHENG JUAN BAI;David’s Spikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels.TCM Indications: Hepatitis, diarrhea, rheumatic arthritis, scalds,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376.T5861 Selaginella doederleinii (Selaginellaceae); DA YE CAI; Doederlein’sSpikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCM Indications:Swelling pain in throat, red eyes with gall, lung heat cough, mastitis,damp-heat jaundice, wind-damp impediment pain, bleeding due toexternal injury. Isolated compounds: 1030, 6547, 9473, 9647, 9648,9649, 14797, 18865, 21192.T5862 Selaginella involvens (Selaginellaceae); YAN ZHOU JUAN BAI;Involute Spikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, relieve cough, stanch bleeding, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, dysentery, edema, ascites,strangury syndrome, phlegm-damp cough, hemoptysis, blood ejection,hematochezia, flooding and spotting, bleeding due to external injury,mammary welling abscess, scrofula, hemorrhoids, scalds. Isolatedcompounds: 1030, 4376, 21504, 21505, 21506.T5863 Selaginella moellendorffii (Selaginellaceae); JIANG NAN JUAN BAI;Moellendorff Spikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Tostanch bleeding, clear heat, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Lungheat hemoptysis, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,bloody stool, bleeding hemorrhoids, bleeding due to external injury,fever, infant fright wind, damp-heat jaundice, strangury, edema, burnsand scalds. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376.T5864 Selaginella omeiensis (Selaginellaceae); E MEI JUAN BAI; EmeiSpikemoss*. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376.T5865 Selaginella pulvinata (Selaginellaceae); DIAN ZHUANG JUAN BAI;Cushion-shaped Spikemoss. Used part: dried whole herb. TCM Effects:See Selaginella tamariscina. TCM Indications: See Selaginellatamariscina. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376.T5866 Selaginella sanguinolenta (Selaginellaceae); YUAN ZHI JUAN BAI;Sanguineous Spikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and soothe sinews,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery, knocks andfalls, bleeding due to internal damage, bleeding due to external injury,burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 1030, 8401.T5867 Selaginella sinensis (Selaginellaceae); ZHONG HUA JUAN BAI;Chinese Spikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Jaundicehepatitis, cholecystitis, nephritis, dysentery, eczema of lower limb,burns and scalds, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds:1030, 4376.T5868 Selaginella stauntoniana (Selaginellaceae); HAN SHENG JUAN BAI;Staunton’s Spikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Todissipate stasis and relieve pain, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, static blood pain, bloody stool, bloodyurine, endometrorrhagia. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376, 8401.T5869 Selaginella tamariscina (Selaginellaceae); JUAN BAI; TamariskoidSpikemoss. Equivalent plant: Selaginella pulvinata. Used part: driedwhole herb. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and free menstruation(raw), transform stasis and stanch bleeding (scorch-fry). TCMIndications: Amenorrhea, concretion and conglomeration, knocks andfalls, abdominal pain, asthma (raw), blood ejection, hematuria,hematochezia, prolapse of rectum (scorch-fry). Isolated compounds:618, 1030, 1476, 4376, 5601, 9543, 11353, 20107, 20653, 20654,20655, 21504, 21505, 21506.T5870 Selaginella uncinata (Selaginellaceae); CUI YUN CAO; HookedSpikemoss. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications:Jaundice, dysentery, diarrhea, edema, strangury, impediment pain insinew and bone, blood ejection, coughing of blood, hematochezia,bleeding due to external injury, hemorrhoids and fistulas, burns andscalds, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1030, 4376, 6167, 9543,22215, 22216.T5871 Selenarctos thibetanus; Ursus arctos (Ursidae); XIONG DAN; BearGall. Used part: gall bladder. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, calm liver and brighten eyes, stanch bleeding and kill worms.TCM Indications: Fright wind, epilepsy, convulsion due to liver heatand liver wind, swollen pain in red eyes due to liver heat, aversion tolight, eye screen, swelling pain of welling abscess and sore, swellingpain from hemorrhoids. Isolated compounds: 351, 3511, 3588, 5161,20733, 20734, 20735, 22269.T5872 Selenarctos thibetanus; Ursus arctos (Ursidae); XIONG ZHANG;Bear’s Paw. Used part: paw. TCM Effects: To supplement qi andblood, dispel wind and eliminate impediment, fortify spleen andstomach. TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach vacuity, vacuity detriment.Isolated compounds: 16480, 16481.T5873 Semecarpus heterophylla (Anacardiaceae); YI YE ROU TUO GUO;Heteroleaf Markingnut*. Isolated compounds: 16622.T5874 Senecio abrotanifolius (Asteraceae); SONG YE QIAN LI GUANG;Pineleaf Groundsel. Isolated compounds: 11807.T5875 Senecio adnatus (Asteraceae); TIE SHENG QIAN LI GUANG;Adnate Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 17546.T5876 Senecio aegypticus (Asteraceae); AI JI QIAN LI GUANG; EgyptianGroundsel. Isolated compounds: 18842.T5877 Senecio aetnensis (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 19698.T5878 Senecio alpinus (Asteraceae); YA KE BEI QIAN LI GUANG; AlpineGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 11091, 11809.T5879 Senecio ambrosioides (Asteraceae); TUN CAO QIAN LI GUANG;Ragweed Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 18842.T5880 Senecio angulatus (Asteraceae); LENG JIAO QIAN LI GUANG;Angulate Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 1242.T5881 Senecio brasiliensis (Asteraceae); BA XI QIAN LI GUANG; BrazilianGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 11091.T5882 Senecio bupleuroides (Asteraceae); CHAI HU ZHUANG QIAN LIGUANG; Thorowax-like Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 11189.T5883 Senecio cannabifolius (Asteraceae); MA YE QIAN LI GUANG;Hempleaf Groundsel. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To dissipate stasis, stanch bleeding, relieve pain. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, static blood swelling pain, bleeding due to externalinjury. Isolated compounds: 3085, 3086, 5800, 9997.Senecio chinensis = Senecio scandens

564T5884 Senecio chrysanthemoides (Asteraceae); TU SAN QI;Chrusanthemum-like Groundsel. Used part: whole herb or root. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Toxin swelling of sores, painful swellingfrom knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 19712.T5885 Senecio cineraria (Asteraceae); YIN BAI QIAN LI GUANG; SilverRagwort. Isolated compounds: 11809.Senecio dictyoneurus = Ligularia dictyoneuraT5886 Senecio eremophilus (Asteraceae); SHA SHENG QIAN LI GUANG;Desertliving Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 18842.T5887 Senecio faberi (Asteraceae); MI SAN QIAN LI GUANG; FaberGroundsel. Isolated compounds: 11091.T5888 Senecio flavus (Asteraceae); HUANG SE QIAN LI GUANG; YellowGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 7164, 7656, 14197, 16324, 16378,19708.T5889 Senecio integerrimus (Asteraceae); QUAN YUAN QIAN LI GUANG;Entire Groundsel. Isolated compounds: 11091.Senecio integrifolius var. fauriei = Tephroseris kirilowiiT5890 Senecio jacobaea (Asteraceae); CAO DIAN QIAN LI GUANG;Ragwort. Isolated compounds: 11809, 19706, 19712, 19731.Senecio japonica = Ligularia japonicaT5891 Senecio longifolius (Asteraceae); CHANG YE QIAN LI GUANG;Longleaf Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 11189, 17776.T5892 Senecio nemorensis (Asteraceae); HUANG WAN; Shady Groundsel.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Dysentery, enteritis, hepatitis, conjunctivitis, otitismedia, welling abscess and boil, toxin of clove sore. Isolatedcompounds: 4547, 4564, 13320, 19388.T5893 Senecio nudicaulis (Asteraceae); ZI BEI TIAN KUI CAO;Nudicaulous Grounsel Herb. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Menstrualdisorder, postpartum abdominal pain, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 13457.T5894 Senecio oryzetorum (Asteraceae); DA BAI DING CAO; FieldGroundsel. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: White mouth sore in children, clovesore. Isolated compounds: 7821, 12535, 17546, 18305, 18316, 18667,19388, 19706, 19712.T5895 Senecio paucicazyculatus (Asteraceae); SHAO FU E QIAN LIGUANG; Fewcalycle Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 11189.T5896 Senecio phillipicus (Asteraceae); FEI LV BIN QIAN LI GUANG;Philippine Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 18667, 19712.T5897 Senecio platyphyllus (Asteraceae); KUAN YE QIAN LI GUANG;Broadleaf Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 17546, 19712.T5898 Senecio polyodon (Asteraceae); DUO CHI QIAN LI GUANG;Manytoothed Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 11591.T5899 Senecio pseudoorientalis (Asteraceae); JIA DONG FANG QIAN LIGUANG; Pseud-oriental Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 9318.T5900 Senecio pyramidatus (Asteraceae); JIN ZI TA XING QIAN LIGUANG; Pyramidal Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 2119.T5901 Senecio renardii (Asteraceae); LEI SHI QIAN LI GUANG; RenardGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 19731.T5902 Senecio retrorsus (Asteraceae); WAN QU QIAN LI GUANG; RetrorseGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 18667.T5903 Senecio riddellii (Asteraceae); RUI DE QIAN LI GUANG; RiddellGroundsel. Isolated compounds: 18842.T5904 Senecio rivularis (Asteraceae); XI QIAN LI GUANG; RivuletGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 18854.T5905 Senecio rosmarinifolius (Asteraceae); MI DIE XIANG YE QIAN LIGUANG; Rosmarin-leaf Groundsel*. Isolated compounds: 18926.T5906 Senecio sarracenicus (Asteraceae); PING QIAN LI GUANG; BottleGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 19388.T5907 Senecio scandens [Syn. Senecio chinensis] (Asteraceae); QIAN LIGUANG; Climbing Groundsel. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, eliminate screen and brighten eyes, killworms and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-fire eye,conjunctivitis, eye screen, typhoid fever, acute bacillary dysentery,pneumonia, lobar pneumonia, tonsillitis, appendicitis, bronchitis,enteritis, jaundice, influenza, toxemia, hematosepsis, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and boil, dry lichen, damp lichen, erysipelas, eczema,scalds, trichomoniasis. Isolated compounds: 3592, 7821, 8012, 9740,10608.T5908 Senecio sceleratus (Asteraceae); LA QIAN LI GUANG; SmirchGroundsel*. Isolated compounds: 19461.T5909 Senecio selloi (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 7087, 7088.T5910 Senecio sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 10775.T5911 Senecio spp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 3551, 17546.T5912 Senecio squalidus (Asteraceae); NIU JIN QIAN LI GUANG; OxfordRagwort. Isolated compounds: 11091.T5913 Senecio sylvaticus (Asteraceae); YE SHENG QIAN LI GUANG;Heath Groundsel. Isolated compounds: 19388.T5914 Senecio vernalis (Asteraceae); CHUN QIAN LI GUANG; EasternGroundsel. Isolated compounds: 19714, 19731.T5915 Senecio vulgaris (Asteraceae); OU ZHOU QIAN LI GUANG;Common Groundsel. Isolated compounds: 7821, 18667, 18842, 19706,19712.T5916 Senna spectabilis (Fabaceae); ZHUANG GUAN FAN XIE;Spectacular Senna*. Isolated compounds: 2260, 3292, 5327, 10510,10511.T5917 Sequoia gigantea (Taxodiaceae); JU SHAN; Giant Sequoia. Isolatedcompounds: 17181.T5918 Sequoia sempervirens (Taxodiaceae); BEI MEI HONG SHAN;Redwood. Isolated compounds: 17181.T5919 Sequoia sp. (Taxodiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3983.T5920 Seriphidium cinum [Syn. Artemisia cina] (Asteraceae); HUI HAO;Chinese Seriphidium. Used part: inflorescence and leaf. TCM Effects:To kill worms. TCM Indications: Ascariasis, oxyuria disease. Isolatedcompounds: 1798, 3760, 19313.T5921 Seriphidium finitum [Syn. Artemisia finita] (Asteraceae); DONG BEIHUI HAO; Northeast Seriphidium. Used part: flower. TCM Effects:To expel worms. TCM Indications: Ascariasis, oxyuria disease.Isolated compounds: 7801, 19314.T5922 Serratula strangulata (Asteraceae); YI BAO MA HUA TOU;Contracted Sawwort. Isolated compounds: 3390, 6427, 6429, 6430,10065.T5923 Sesamum indicum (Pedaliaceae); HU MA GEN; Oriental Sesame Root.

565Isolated compounds: 1368, 1369, 1370, 3572, 7200, 10709, 14661,14663.T5924 Sesamum indicum (Pedaliaceae); HU MA YE; Oriental Sesame Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To boost qi, supplement brain andmarrow, strengthen sinews and bones. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, flooding, blood ejection, damp itchy ingenitals. Isolated compounds: 3052, 16757, 16758.T5925 Sesamum indicum [Syn. Sesamum orientale] (Pedaliaceae); BAI ZHIMA; Oriental Sesame (white seed). Used part: white seed. TCMEffects: To supplement liver and boost kidney, nourish blood andboost essence, moisten intestines and free stool. TCM Indications:Lassitude in lumbar and knees, premature graying in beard and hair,dry cracked skin, intestinal dry and constipation, scant breast milk,welling abscess and eczema, scrofula, burns and scalds, hemorrhoids.Isolated compounds: 3052, 19779.T5927 Sesamum indicum [Syn. Sesamum orientale] (Pedaliaceae); HEI ZHIMA; Oriental Sesame (black seed). Used part: black seed. TCMEffects: To supplement liver and kidney, boost essence and blood,moisten intestines. TCM Indications: Dizziness, tinnitus and deafness,premature graying in beard and hair, hair loss during convalescence,intestinal dry and constipation. Isolated compounds: 3052, 3774, 7853,16066, 19777, 19779, 19780, 19781.Sesamum orientale = Sesamum indicumT5926 Sesbania sesban (Fabaceae); AI JI TIAN JING; Indian Sesbania.Isolated compounds: 18229.T5928 Seseli campestre (Apiaceae); PING DI XI FENG QIN; CampestralSeseli*. Isolated compounds: 17757.T5929 Seseli ericephalum (Apiaceae); MIAN MAO XIE HAO; WoollySeseli*. Isolated compounds: 18165.T5930 Seseli grandivittatum (Apiaceae); DA TIAO WEN XIE HAO;Bigstreak Seseli*. Isolated compounds: 4863.T5931 Seseli incanum (Apiaceae); HUI BAI XIE HAO; Greywhite Seseli*.Isolated compounds: 6507.T5932 Seseli indicum (Apiaceae); YIN DU XIE HAO; Indian Seseli*.Isolated compounds: 19784.T5933 Seseli libanotis (Apiaceae); LI BA NEN XIE HAO; Moon-carrot.Isolated compounds: 1960, 6507.T5934 Seseli meirei (Apiaceae); SAN YE FANG FENG; Bambooleaf Seseli.Equivalent plant: Seseli yunnanense. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and overcome damp, relieve pain and check tetany. TCMIndications: Common cold, headache, toothache, distending pain instomach duct, diarrhea, wind-damp impediment pain, paralysis,tetanus, fright wind, wind papules, eczema, swelling of sores. Isolatedcompounds: 2309.T5935 Seseli sp. (Apiaceae). Isolated compounds: 2309.T5936 Seseli tortuosum (Apiaceae); XUAN NIU XIE HAO; Tortuous Seseli*.Isolated compounds: 17764, 19227.T5937 Seseli yunnanense (Apiaceae); SONG YE FANG FENG; YunnanSeseli. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Seseli meirei. TCMIndications: See Seseli meirei. Isolated compounds: 7707, 11001.T5938 Setaria italica (Poaceae); SU MI; Foxtail Millet. Used part: kernel.TCM Effects: To harmonize center, boost kidney, eliminate heat,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach vacuity heat, stomachreflux vomiting, reduced food intake with abdominal distention,diabetes mellitus, diarrhea, scalds. Isolated compounds: 1048, 4650,5509, 8809, 13126.T5939 Shiraia bambusicola (Clavicipitaceae); ZHU XUANG; BambooYellow*. Used part: stroma and spore. TCM Effects: To transformphlegm and relieve cough, quicken blood and dispel wind, disinhibitdamp. TCM Indications: Cough and abundant phlegm, pertussis,vaginal discharge, stomachache, wind-damp impediment pain, infantfright wind, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 19834, 19835,19836.T5940 Sickingia tinctoria (Rubiaceae); RAN LIAO SI SHI MU. Isolatedcompounds: 16152.T5941 Sickingia williamsii (Rubiaceae); WEI LIAN SI SHI MU. Isolatedcompounds: 16152.T5942 Sida acuta (Malvaceae); HUANG HUA REN; Acute Sida. Used part:leaf or root. TCM Effects: To clear damp heat, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, mammary welling abscess,hemorrhoids, toxin swelling of sores, knocks and falls, fracture,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 85, 1380, 1381,1386, 1425, 4282, 6815, 7788, 12953, 19542, 22615.T5943 Sida cordifolia (Malvaceae); HUANG HUA ZI; Cordateleaf Sida.Used part: leaf or root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,relieve cough, resolve toxin and eliminate welling abscess. TCMIndications: Damp-heat jaundice, dysentery, diarrhea, strangury, feverand cough, asthma, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore.Isolated compounds: 14795, 16770, 17083, 18024, 22349, 22350.T5944 Sida spinosa (Malvaceae); DUO CI HUANG HUA REN; Spiny Sida*.Isolated compounds: 8812, 10204.T5945 Sideritis moorei (Lamiaceae); MU ER DU MA CAO; Moor Sideritis*.Isolated compounds: 168, 169, 296, 297, 298, 299, 5940.T5946 Sideritis ozturkii (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 580, 6851, 7151,12725, 12878, 13580, 16482, 16483, 16484, 19873, 19874.T5947 Sideritis sp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 3741.T5948 Sideritis spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22768.Siegesbeckia glabrescens = Siegesbeckia orientalis var. glabrescensT5949 Siegesbeckia gummifer (Asteraceae); JIAO XI XIAN; Gummy St.Paulswort*. Isolated compounds: 5930.T5950 Siegesbeckia orientalis (Asteraceae); XI XIAN; Common St.Paulswort. Equivalent plant: Siegesbeckia orientalis var. pubescens,Siegesbeckia orientalis var. glabrescens. Used part: aerial parts. TCMEffects: To dispel wind-damp, free channels and network vessels, clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain,lassitude in lumbus and knees, hemiplegia, hypertension, malaria,jaundice, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, wind papules,damp sore, animal and insect bites. Isolated compounds: 445, 2852,4661, 4662, 5955, 7215, 7216, 9755, 10920, 10921, 11623, 12230,16186, 16187, 16188, 16196, 16320, 16434, 16435, 16436, 18175,18176, 18177, 18178, 19875, 19876, 19878, 19879, 20369, 21149,21150.T5951 Siegesbeckia orientalis var. glabrescens [Syn. Siegesbeckiaglabrescens] (Asteraceae); MAO GENG XI XIAN; Hairstalk St.Paulswort. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Siegesbeckia

566orientalis. TCM Indications: See Siegesbeckia orientalis. Isolatedcompounds: 445, 7768, 9370, 15390, 20444.T5952 Siegesbeckia orientalis var. pubescens [Syn. Siegesbeckia pubescens](Asteraceae); XIAN GENG XI XIAN; Glandularstalk St. Paulswort.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: See Siegesbeckia orientalis.TCM Indications: See Siegesbeckia orientalis. Isolated compounds:2481, 4680, 5930, 10277, 10289, 12175, 12196, 12230, 18175, 18176,18177, 18178, 18179, 19875, 19876, 19877, 19880, 19983, 21756.Siegesbeckia pubescens = Siegesbeckia orientalis var. pubescensT5953 Silene firma (Caryophyllaceae); YING YE NV LOU CAI; RobustSilene*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, regulate menstruation, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications:Swelling pain in throat, otitis media, inhibited urination. Isolatedcompounds: 13657.T5954 Silene fortunei (Caryophyllaceae); YING ZI CAO; Catch-fly. Usedpart: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitdamp, quicken blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Dysentery,enteritis, heat strangury, vaginal discharge, swelling pain in throat,taxation damage fever, knocks and falls, poisonous snake bites.Isolated compounds: 8059, 8060, 8061, 10061.T5955 Silene jenisseensis (Caryophyllaceae); HAN MAI PING CAO; DrySilene. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Gypsophila pacifica. TCMIndications: See Gypsophila pacifica. Isolated compounds: 8056,18418.T5956 Siler trilobum . Isolated compounds: 21889.T5957 Silybum marianum (Asteraceae); SHUI FEI JI; St. Marys. Used part:achene. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp, course liverand disinhibit gallbladder. TCM Indications: Acute hepatitis, chronichepatitis, cirrhosis, fatty liver, gallstones, cholangitis. Isolatedcompounds: 1494, 5789, 11714, 11715, 13563, 13564, 13565, 19893,19895, 19896, 19897, 19898, 19899, 22158.T5958 Sinapis alba [Syn. Brassica alba; Brassica hirta] (Brassicaceae); BAIJIE ZI; White Mustard Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Totransform phlegm and expel rheum, dissipate binds and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma with abundant phlegm,fullness in chest and rib-side pain, numbness in limbs, swelling pain injoints, damp phlegm streaming sore, swelling toxin of flat abscess.Isolated compounds: 8599, 9822, 16842, 16852, 16859, 19909, 19917,19983.T5959 Sinapis arvensis (Brassicaceae); YE OU BAI JIE; Charlock. Isolatedcompounds: 19909.T5960 Sinoadina racemosa [Syn. Adina racemosa] (Rubiaceae); JI ZI MU;Racemose Adina. Isolated compounds: 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 2789,3184, 3551, 6953, 7040, 7425, 7774, 8977, 8978, 10887, 12020,12072, 12073, 12074, 12949, 12950, 14224, 15525, 18317, 18380,18381, 18382, 18383, 18384, 18390, 18441, 18918, 19087, 19623,19624, 19625, 19626, 19636, 20263, 20390, 20503, 21634, 22496,22606.T5961 Sinocalamus oldhami (Poaceae); LV SUN PIAN; Oldham BambooShoot. Used part: shoot. TCM Effects: To transform phlegm and calmasthma. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma with abundant phlegm.Isolated compounds: 2027, 2028, 11031.T5962 Sinocrassula asclepiadea (Crassulaceae); SI MA LI JIN SHI LIAN.Isolated compounds: 19936, 19937, 19938, 19939, 19940, 19941,19942, 19943, 19944, 19945, 19946.T5963 Sinodielsia yunnanensis (Apiaceae); DIAN QIN; Common Sinodielsia.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To effuse exterior, dispel wind, relievepain, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Common cold, headache,cough, wind-damp impediment pain, wind water edema. Isolatedcompounds: 2309, 7707, 9785, 19542, 19947, 19948, 19949, 19950,19951, 19952, 19953, 19954.T5964 Sinomenium acutum (Menispermaceae); QING FENG TENG;Orientvine. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and freenetwork vessels, dispel damp and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, pain from arthritis, swelling in joints,paralytic and pruritus. Isolated compounds: 602, 603, 6512, 11717,13374, 14484, 14827, 19200, 19908, 19955, 19983, 20322, 20369,20556, 22100.Sinopodophyllum emodii = Podophyllum emodiiT5965 Siparuna pauciflora (Monimiaceae); SHAO HUA XI PA MU;Limoncillo (in Costa Rica). Isolated compounds: 12573, 19961, 19962,19963.T5966 Siphonostegia chinensis (Scrophulariaceae); YIN XING CAO; ChineseSiphonostegia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, quicken blood and dispel stasis. TCM Indications:Jaundice, inhibited urination, abdominal distention with edema, stasispain from knocks and falls, blood dysentery, blood strangury, vaginaldischarge, menstrual disorder, concretion conglomerationaccumulation and gathering, postpartum abdominal pain. Isolatedcompounds: 7521, 11305, 12952.T5967 Siraitia grosvenorii [Syn. Momordica grosvenorii] (Cucurbitaceae);LUO HAN GUO; Grosvenor Siraitia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects:To clear heat and moisten lung, lubricate intestines and free stool.TCM Indications: Lung heat dry cough, common cold, throat pain,laryngitis, aphonia due to throat pain, intestinal dry and constipation.Isolated compounds: 9012, 19971, 19972, 19973, 19974, 19975.Sisymbrium dublium = Rorippa montanaT5968 Sisymbrium officinale (Brassicaceae); ZUAN GUO SUAN JIE; HedgeMustard. Isolated compounds: 15400.T5969 Sium latifolium (Apiaceae); OU ZE QIN; Greater Water-parsnip. Usedpart: whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relievepain, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Common cold, headache,hypertension. Isolated compounds: 16930.T5970 Skimmia japonica (Rutaceae); XIANG YIN YU; Japanese Skimmia.Isolated compounds: 20002, 20003.T5971 Skimmia laureola (Rutaceae); GUANG RONG YIN YU; LaureateSkimmia*. Isolated compounds: 3464, 9419, 20003.T5972 Skimmia reevesiana (Rutaceae); YIN YU; Reeves Skimmia. Used part:stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and overcome damp. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, hypertonicity of limbs,weakness of legs. Isolated compounds: 18568, 18569, 20002, 20003.T5973 Smilax aristolochiaefolia (Liliaceae); HUI BA QIA; Grey Greenbrier*.Isolated compounds: 16666, 19389.T5974 Smilax aspera (Liliaceae); SUI BA QIA; Eurasia Greenbrier. Isolatedcompounds: 15729.T5975 Smilax bockii (Liliaceae); XI NAN BA QIA; Smilax bockii. Used part:

567rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quickenblood and dispel stasis, resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment, painful swelling from knocksand falls, clove sore scrofula, Isolated compounds: 2524, 2525.T5976 Smilax china [Syn. Smilax japonica] (Liliaceae); BA QIA; ChinarootGreenbrier. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddisinhibit damp, resolve toxin and eliminate welling abscess. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, strangury-turbidity, vaginaldischarge, dysentery, diarrhea, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore, intractable lichen, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 5659,8968, 15465, 15466, 18056, 19983.T5977 Smilax glabra (Liliaceae); TU FU LING; Glabrous Greenbrier.Equivalent plant: Smilax menispermoidea. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To eliminate damp, resolve toxin, free joints. TCM Indications:Damp-heat with strangury turbidity, vaginal discharge, swollenwelling abscess, scrofula, scab and lichen, syphilis, mercurialpoisoning. Isolated compounds: 1928, 2924, 5659, 5699, 5984, 11241,11411, 20020, 20021, 20022, 20023, 20024, 20029, 20566, 21682,22101.T5978 Smilax glauco-china (Liliaceae); HEI GUO BA QIA; BlackfruitGreenbrier. Used part: rhizome or tender leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind, clear heat, disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment, pain in lumbus and legs, knocks and falls,dribbling and inhibited voidings of urination, scrofula, swelling toxinof welling abscess and sore, ulcer of lower limb. Isolated compounds:7748.Smilax japonica = Smilax chinaT5979 Smilax lebrunii (Liliaceae); CU CAO BA QIA; Lebrun Greenbrier.Isolated compounds: 20236.T5980 Smilax menispermoidea (Liliaceae); FANG JI YE BA QIA; GansuGreenbrier. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Smilax glabra.TCM Indications: See Smilax glabra. Isolated compounds: 6440, 6441,17278, 18643.T5981 Smilax riparia (Liliaceae); NIU WEI CAI; Oxtail Greenbrier. Usedpart: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp, freechannels and network vessels, dispel phlegm and relieve cough. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment, taxation damage and lumbago,knocks and falls, cough and asthma. Isolated compounds: 15465,15466.T5982 Smilax sieboldii (Liliaceae); NIAN YU XU; Siebold Greenbrier.Equivalent plant: Smilax stans. Used part: rhizome and root. TCMEffects: To dispel wind and disinhibit damp, quicken blood and freenetwork vessels, resolve toxin and dissipate binds. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, sore and boil, toxin swelling, scrofula.Isolated compounds: 12591, 15463, 21383.T5983 Smilax sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 8834.T5984 Smilax stans [Syn. Smilax vaginata var. stans] (Liliaceae); QIAOBING BA QIA; Sheathstipe Greenbrier. Used part: rhizome and root.TCM Effects: See Smilax sieboldii. TCM Indications: See Smilaxsieboldii. Isolated compounds: 18056.Smilax vaginata var. stans = Smilax stansT5985 Smyrniopsis aucheri . Isolated compounds: 15241.T5986 Smyrnium olusatrum (Apiaceae); XIAO MEI WEI QIN. Isolatedcompounds: 194, 215, 5492, 5495, 5496, 5886, 5887.T5987 Sobina chinensis (Cupressaceae); HUI (4) YE; Chinese Juniper Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To expel wind and dissipate cold, quickenblood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-cold common cold,pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, urticaria, toxin swelling. Isolatedcompounds: 1030, 9543.T5988 Solanum abutiloides (Solanaceae); MA ZHUANG QIE; AbutilonNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46,47, 48.T5989 Solanum aculeatissimum‡ (Solanaceae); DING QIE; AculeateNightshade*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To suppress coughand calm asthma, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Asthma, chronic bronchitis, stomachache, wind-damp pain, scrofula,cold suppurative sore, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3639,3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, 3644, 3645, 3646, 3647, 3648, 15855. ‡Note:same plant as T6014.T5990 Solanum arundo (Solanaceae); A LUN DUO QIE; ArundoNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 1822.T5991 Solanum aviculare [Syn. Solanum laciniatum] (Solanaceae); AOZHOU QIE; Australian Nightshade. Isolated compounds: 16789,20066, 20069.T5992 Solanum berthaultii (Solanaceae); BO SHI QIE; BerthaultNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 7730.T5993 Solanum capsicastrum (Solanaceae); YE HAI JIAO; TwoflowerJerusalemcherry. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To disperseaccumulation, disinhibit diaphragm, precipitate heat toxin. TCMIndications: Rheumatism numbness, damp-heat itchy sore, clove sore,menstruant’s morbidity. Isolated compounds: 3143, 20061.T5994 Solanum chacoense (Solanaceae); CHA QIE; Cha Nightshade*.Isolated compounds: 3942, 5104.T5995 Solanum commersonii (Solanaceae); KE MO SEN QIE; CommersonNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 3942, 5104.T5996 Solanum decemlineata (Solanaceae); SHI XIAN QIE; DecalineNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 5104.T5997 Solanum demissum (Solanaceae); AI QIE; Dwarf Nightshade*.Isolated compounds: 5104, 14235, 19982, 21434.T5998 Solanum dulcamara (Solanaceae); QIAN NIAN BU LAN XIN; BitterNightshade Fruit. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To expel windand eliminate damp, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain, tetanus, swollen welling abscess, malign sore, scabsore, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 3939, 4944,10711, 10712, 10713, 10771, 10772, 13222, 13243, 20042, 20044,20046, 20047, 20048, 20049, 20050, 20066, 20069, 21383, 21433,22878.T5999 Solanum incanum (Solanaceae); HUI BAI QIE; GreywhiteNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 20069.T6000 Solanum indicum (Solanaceae); TIAN QIE ZI; Indian Nightshade.Used part: fruit, seed and leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate evil. TCM Indications: Toothache, headache, deep-sourcenasal congestion. Isolated compounds: 4189, 7788, 12488, 14698,17973, 19542, 20043, 20066, 20070.T6001 Solanum jasminoides (Solanaceae); SU XIN YE BAI YING; JasmineNightshade. Isolated compounds: 20066, 20069.

568T6002 Solanum juzepczukii (Solanaceae); JU SHI QIE; JuzepczukNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 5104.T6003 Solanum khasianum (Solanaceae); CI TIAN QIE; Khasi NightshadeFruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To expel wind and relieve pain,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain,bleeding due to external injury, nervous headache, stomachache,toothache, mastitis, epidemic parotitis. Isolated compounds: 7788,20044, 20066, 20069.Solanum laciniatum = Solanum aviculareT6004 Solanum laxum (Solanaceae); XI SHU QIE; Lax Nightshade*. Isolatedcompounds: 13022.T6005 Solanum lyratum (Solanaceae); BAI MAO TENG; Bittersweet. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,dispel wind and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Malaria, jaundice,edema, strangury, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, erysipelas, clovesore. Isolated compounds: 1898, 3939, 15464, 18724, 18725, 20042,20044, 20052, 20053, 20054, 20055, 20069, 21384.T6006 Solanum melongena (Solanaceae); QIE YE; Garden Eggplant Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dissipate blood and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Blood strangury, blood dysentery, intestinal windbleeding, swollen welling abscess, frostbite. Isolated compounds: 9568,20066, 21662.T6007 Solanum melongena (Solanaceae); QIE ZI; Garden Eggplant. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and quicken blood, disperseswelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Intestinal wind bleeding,heat toxin swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 617, 5010,5027, 12488, 13016, 15289, 17973, 19838, 20069, 21383, 21662.T6008 Solanum nigrum (Solanaceae); LONG KUI; Black Nightshade. Usedpart: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,quicken blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Clove sore,swollen welling abscess, erysipelas, sprain from knocks and falls,mastitis, cervicitis, chronic bronchitis, chronic trachitis, acute nephritis,dysentery, infection of skin, leukorrhea, scant urine in children.Isolated compounds: 8817, 20044, 20056, 20060, 20066, 20069,21383.T6009 Solanum pseudo-capsicum (Solanaceae); YU SHAN HU GEN;Jerusalemcherry Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To relieve pain.TCM Indications: Taxation damage and lumbago. Isolated compounds:20061.T6010 Solanum pubescens (Solanaceae); ROU MAO QIE; PubescentNightshade. Isolated compounds: 16498.T6011 Solanum sarrachoides (Solanaceae); YE GUO QIE; Leafy-fruitedNightshade. Isolated compounds: 12070.Solanum sodomaeum = Solanum sodomeumT6012 Solanum sodomeum [Syn. Solanum sodomaeum] (Solanaceae); SUODUO MI QIE; Sodome Nightshade*. Isolated compounds: 20068,20069.T6013 Solanum sp. (Solanaceae). Isolated compounds: 20069.T6014 Solanum surattense‡ (Solanaceae); YE DIAN QIE; Soda-appleNightshade. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To suppress coughand calm asthma, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Asthma, chronic bronchitis, stomachache, wind-damp pain, scrofula,cold suppurative sore, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 20045,20069. ‡Note: same plant as T5989.T6015 Solanum torvum (Solanaceae); SHUI QIE; Water Nightshade. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To quicken blood, dissipate stasis and relievepain. TCM Indications: painful wound from knocks and falls, taxationdamage in lumbar muscle, sand, stomachache, clove sore, swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 11971, 16616, 19978, 19987,20069, 21468, 21469, 21470, 21471, 21472, 21473, 22700, 22704.T6016 Solanum tripartitum (Solanaceae); SAN LIE QIE; TripartiteNightshade*. Isolated compounds: 20062, 20063.T6017 Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae); MA LING SHU; Potato. Used part:tuber. TCM Effects: To harmonize stomach and fortify center, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Stomachache, epidemicparotitis, swollen welling abscess, eczema, scalds. Isolated compounds:4135, 7781, 7782, 7788, 7789, 13016, 14235, 17913, 17914, 18849,19982, 20056, 20060, 20070, 22058, 22080.T6018 Solanum verbascifolium (Solanaceae); YE YAN YE; MulleinNightbrier Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To move qi-blood,disperse swelling toxin, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Yellowswelling, pain wind, flooding, painful swelling from knocks and falls,toothache, scrofula, welling abscess, eczema, dermatitis. Isolatedcompounds: 20069.T6019 Solanum viarum (Solanaceae); XIAO LU QIE; Viatic Nightshade*.Isolated compounds: 20069.T6020 Solanum xanthocarpum (Solanaceae); HUANG GUO QIE; YellowfruitNightshade. Used part: root, fruit and seed. TCM Effects: To clear heatand disinhibit damp, disperse stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, toothache, painful swollen testes,welling abscess and boil. Isolated compounds: 663, 3221, 3241, 3242,20069.T6021 Solenanthus circinatus (Boraginaceae); CHANG RUI LIU LI CAO;Circinate Solenanthus. Isolated compounds: 18847.T6022 Solidago altissima (Asteraceae); GAO YI ZHI HUANG HUA;Canadian Goldenrod. Isolated compounds: 232, 268, 269, 3835, 5792,9751, 9752, 9753, 9920, 9921, 20071, 20169.Solidago chinensis = Wedelia chinensisSolidago decurrens = Solidago virgaurea var. leiocarpaT6023 Solidago virgaurea (Asteraceae); MAO GUO YI ZHI HUANG HUA;European Goldenrod. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: Tocourse wind and clear heat, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-heat common cold, swelling pain in throat, nephritis,cystitis, swollen welling abscess and toxin of clove, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 12608, 19087, 22526.T6024 Solidago virgaurea var. leiocarpa [Syn. Solidago decurrens](Asteraceae); YI ZHI HUANG HUA; Common Goldenrod. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To soothe wind and drain heat, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Wind-heat commoncold, headache, swelling pain in throat, lung heat cough, jaundice,diarrhea, heat strangury, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2283, 2292, 2887, 4441,13603, 13828, 13853, 13857, 14283, 18411.T6025 Sonchus arvensis (Asteraceae); NIU SHE TOU; Field Sowthistle. Usedpart: herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Dysentery, appendicitis, mastitis, white turbidity,

569hemorrhoids, emission, swelling toxin of sore and boil, burns andscalds. Isolated compounds: 1476, 11083, 11084, 11085, 13143,13504.T6026 Sonchus asper [Syn. Sonchus oleraceus var. asper] (Asteraceae); XUDUAN JU; Prickly Sowthistle. Used part: whole herb or root. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Toxin swelling of sores, infantile cough asthma,tuberculosis and coughing of blood. Isolated compounds: 8615, 14110,20706.Sonchus oleraceus var. asper = Sonchus asperT6027 Sonchus sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 3635.T6028 Sophora alopecuroides (Fabaceae); KU DOU GEN; Foxtail-likeSophora Root*. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear intestines anddry damp, settle pain. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery,enteritis and diarrhea, jaundice, eczema, sore pharynx, toothache,intractable lichen, scalds. Isolated compounds: 16474, 20100.T6029 Sophora alopecuroides (Fabaceae); KU DOU ZI; Foxtail-like Sophora.Used part: whole herb and seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and drydamp, kill worms and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Dysentery,stomachache, excessive leukorrhea, eczema, sore and boil, intractablelichen. Isolated compounds: 983, 4594, 13606, 15527, 16451, 16474,20077, 20094, 20100.Sophora angustfolia = Sophora flavescensT6030 Sophora chrysophylla (Fabaceae); HUANG YE HUAI; YellowleafSophora. Isolated compounds: 13606.T6031 Sophora flavescens [Syn. Sophora angustfolia] (Fabaceae); KU SHEN;Lightyellow Sophora. Used part: dried root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and dry damp, dispel wind and kill worms. TCM Indications:Arrhythmia, otitis media, acute conjunctivitis, chronic conjunctivitis,trichomoniasis, septicemia, edema, damp-heat diarrhea, intestinal windbleeding, acute jaundice, inhibited urination, vaginal discharge,pudendal itch, scab and lichen, leprosy, itchy skin, eczema, damp toxinsore, suppurative nest sore. Isolated compounds: 938, 1134, 2145,4594, 4948, 7883, 9361, 9391, 10714, 11222, 11473, 11474, 11531,11588, 11783, 12280, 12281, 12282, 12283, 12284, 12285, 12286,12287, 12340, 12341, 12342, 12343, 12344, 12353, 12354, 12355,12356, 12357, 12358, 12359, 12360, 12361, 12362, 12363, 12364,12365, 12366, 12367, 12368, 12369, 12370, 12371, 12595, 12597,12605, 13089, 13281, 13282, 13462, 13606, 13985, 14279, 14545,15425, 15674, 15769, 15770, 16451, 16474, 16826, 16834, 20077,20078, 20086, 20089, 20090, 20091, 20092, 20094, 20096, 20097,20100, 20127, 21623, 21638, 22761.T6032 Sophora flavescens [Syn. Sophora angustfolia] (Fabaceae); KU SHENSHI; Lightyellow Sophora Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, free stool, kill worms. TCM Indications:Acute bacillary dysentery, constipation, ascariasis. Isolated compounds:4594, 16474.T6033 Sophora franchetiana (Fabaceae); MIN HUAI; Franchet Sophora.Isolated compounds: 1068.T6034 Sophora japonica (Fabaceae); HUAI; Japanese Pagodatree. Used part:flower and bud. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding,clear liver and brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Intestinal windbleeding, bleeding from hemorrhoids, blood dysentery, hematuria,hematochezia, blood strangury, flooding and spotting, blood ejection,spontaneous external bleeding, liver fire headache, red eyes with gall,swollen welling abscess and sores. Isolated compounds: 1935, 2065,2066, 2069, 2370, 8062, 8063, 8278, 8279, 8280, 8281, 8282, 8282,8284, 8285, 11642, 12076, 12111, 12112, 12113, 13451, 15525, 18002,18317, 19087, 19087, 20079, 20080, 20083, 20099, 20128.T6035 Sophora japonica (Fabaceae); HUAI GEN; Japanese Pagodatree Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis and disperse swelling,kill worms. TCM Indications: Hemorrhoids, throat impediment,ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 13281, 13282.T6036 Sophora japonica (Fabaceae); HUAI JIAO; Japanese Pagodatree Fruit.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding,clear liver and brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Intestinal windbleeding, bleeding from hemorrhoids, blood strangury, flooding andspotting, blood dysentery, blood heat, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, liver fire and red eyes, dizziness and dim vision.Isolated compounds: 8278, 11648, 18317, 19087, 20080, 20088,20099, 20101, 20385.T6037 Sophora koreensis (Fabaceae); CHAO XIAN LANG YA CI; KoreanSophora. Isolated compounds: 517, 6693, 6694.T6038 Sophora leachiana (Fabaceae); LI QI HUAI; Leachiana Sophora.Isolated compounds: 12595, 12596, 16550.T6039 Sophora moorcroftiana (Fabaceae); SHA SHENG HUAI; SandlivingSophora. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heat jaundice, diphtheria,nipple moth. Isolated compounds: 11248, 16451.T6040 Sophora pachycarpa (Fabaceae); GAN SU HUAI SHU; ThickfruitSophora. Isolated compounds: 20077.T6041 Sophora sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 2455.T6042 Sophora spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004.T6043 Sophora subprostrata [Syn. Sophora tonkinensis] (Fabaceae); SHANDOU GEN; Tonkin Sophora Root. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit throat and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Septicemia, ulcer of uterine cervix,chronic cervicitis, bacillary dysentery, enteritis, hydatid moles,chorioblastoma, asthma, chronic bronchitis, acute tonsillitis, laryngitis,accumulated fire toxin, swelling pain in throat, gingiva painfulswelling. Isolated compounds: 16, 17, 18, 22, 1134, 4604, 6539, 8278,13098, 13281, 13282, 13606, 16451, 18103, 20077, 20082, 20083,20085, 20095, 20096, 20098, 20123, 22697.T6044 Sophora tetraptera (Fabaceae); SI CHI HUAI; New Zealand Kowhai.Isolated compounds: 13606.T6045 Sophora tomentosa (Fabaceae); LING NAN HUAI SHU; TomentoseSophora. Isolated compounds: 11248, 11504, 13281, 20093.Sophora tonkinensis = Sophora subprostrataT6046 Sophora viciifolia (Fabaceae); BAI CI HUA; Vetchleaf Sophora. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit throat, cool bloodand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat,cough, hepatitis, dysentery, strangury syndrome, edema, hematuria,nosebleed(epistaxis), hematochezia. Isolated compounds: 6452, 6454,10336, 10337, 10338, 13606, 14892, 16451, 16474, 20077, 20094.T6047 Sophora viciifolia (Fabaceae); BAI CI HUA GEN; Vetchleaf SophoraRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit throat,

570cool blood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling pain inthroat, lung heat cough, hepatitis, dysentery, strangury syndrome,edema, spontaneous external bleeding, hematochezia, hematuria.Isolated compounds: 4695, 4696, 4697.T6048 Sophora viciifolia (Fabaceae); BAI CI HUA YE; Vetchleaf SophoraLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To cool blood, resolve toxin, killworms. TCM Indications: Spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, swollen welling abscess and clove sores, scab andlichen, scalds, trichomoniasis. Isolated compounds: 6454, 16474.T6049 Sophora viciifolia (Fabaceae); BAI CI HUA ZI; Vetchleaf SophoraSeed. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and transform damp,disperse accumulation and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Foodaccumulation, stomachache, abdominal pain. Isolated compounds:5895, 21733.T6050 Sopubia delphinifolia (Scrophulariaceae); CUI QUE YE DUANGUAN CAO; Delphinileaf Sopubia*. Isolated compounds: 17834,17838.T6051 Sorbaria arborea (Rosaceae); GAO CONG ZHEN ZHU MEI; TreeFalsespiraea. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: See Sorbaria sorbifolia.TCM Indications: See Sorbaria sorbifolia. Isolated compounds: 18407,19587, 21634.T6052 Sorbaria sorbifolia (Rosaceae); ZHEN ZHU MEI; Ural Falsespiraea.Equivalent plant: Sorbaria arborea. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and dispel stasis, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Fracture, knocks and falls, wind-damp impedimentpain. Isolated compounds: 1618, 11659, 11897, 18317, 18407, 19587,20102, 20103, 21634.T6053 Sorbus aucuparia (Rosaceae); OU ZHOU HUA QIU; EuropeanMountainash. Isolated compounds: 2005, 6632, 16657, 16658, 20104.T6054 Sorbus decora (Rosaceae); MEI LI HUA QIU; Showy Mountainsah.Isolated compounds: 2005.T6055 Sorbus tianschanica (Rosaceae); TIAN SHAN HUA QIU; TianshanMountain Mountainash. Used part: branchlet and fruit. TCM Effects:To clear lung and suppress cough, supplement spleen and engenderliquid. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis, cough and asthma,stomachache, hypovitaminosis. Isolated compounds: 1102, 16657,21612.T6056 Sorghum vulgare (Poaceae); GAO LIANG; Sorghum. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and check diarrhea, transform phlegmand quiet spirit. TCM Indications: Cholera, spleen vacuity diarrhea,indigestion, phlegm-damp cough, insomnia and frequent dreaming.Isolated compounds: 5283, 13136.T6057 Sorocea bonplandii . Isolated compounds: 20105.T6058 Sorocea ilicifolia . Isolated compounds: 20106.T6059 Soulamea soulameoides . Isolated compounds: 3829.T6060 Souliea vaginata (Ranunculaceae); HUANG SAN QI; CommonSouliea. Used part: rhizome or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand eliminate vexation, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Febrile diseases with vexation and agitation, palpitationand fearful throbbing, steaming bone tidal fever, pharyngitis,stomatitis, conjunctivitis, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess,damp-heat diarrhea, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 2202, 3649, 3666,9455, 20110, 20111, 20112.T6061 Sparaxis sp. (Iridaceae). Isolated compounds: 17568.T6062 Sparganium stoloniferum (Sparganiaceae); SAN LENG; CommonBurreed. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: To break blood, move qi andrelieve pain, disperse accumulation. TCM Indications: Concretionconglomeration accumulation and gathering, qi-blood stagnation, painin heart and abdomen, distending pain in rib-side, amenorrhea,postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, knocks and falls, swelling ofsores. Isolated compounds: 6798, 6799, 11503, 12020, 19295, 19983,21112.T6063 Spartina cynosuroides (Poaceae); YAN DI HE; Big Cord-grass.Isolated compounds: 21589.T6064 Spartium junceum (Fabaceae); YING ZHAO DOU; Weaversbroom.Isolated compounds: 4594, 14279, 19332, 20134.T6065 Spathelia excelsa (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 10201, 10202,10486, 10487, 10783, 16431.T6066 Spatholobus suberectus (Fabaceae); MI HUA DOU; SuberectSpatholobus. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To supplement blood,quicken blood, free network vessels. TCM Indications: Septicemia,menstrual disorder, blood vacuity, anemia due to malnutrition, anemiadue to bleeding, anemia with yellow complexion, numbness andparalysis, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds: 676,2779, 2931, 10967, 20437.T6067 Spatoglossum variabile YI BIAN HE SHE ZAO. Isolated compounds:3542, 3557.T6068 Speranskia leptostachya (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds: 17202.T6069 Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae); TOU GU CAO; TuberculateSperanskia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, soothe sinews and quicken blood, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, contracture of muscles andjoints, beriberi, swelling toxin of sore and lichen. Isolated compounds:3594, 11897, 12679, 17202.Spergula japonica = Sagina japonicaT6070 Sphaeciospongia vesparia ; Sponge Sphaeciospongia vesparia.Isolated compounds: 17729.T6071 Sphaeranthus indicus (Asteraceae); RONG MAO DAI XING CAO;Indian Sphaeranthus. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit urine, fortify stomach and disperse food. TCMIndications: Infection of urinary system, indigestion. Isolatedcompounds: 13883.Sphaerophysa salsula = Swainsonia salsulaSphagnum cymbifolium = Sphagnum palustreSphagnum obtusifolium = Sphagnum palustreT6072 Sphagnum palustre [Syn. Sphagnum obtusifolium; Sphagnumcymbifolium] (Sphagnaceae); NI TAN XIAN. Used part: plant body.TCM Effects: To clear heat and brighten eyes, relieve itch. TCMIndications: Eye screen, skin diseases, insect bites with itching.Isolated compounds: 13127.T6073 Sphallerocarpus gracilis (Apiaceae); MO GUO QIN; ThinSphallerocarpus. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To boost kidney,invigorate yang, dispel wind and dry damp. Isolated compounds: 1211,2041, 22744.T6074 Spigelia anthelmia (Spigeliaceae); QU CHONG CAO. Isolatedcompounds: 1281, 4907, 4908, 4911, 4931, 4932, 4933, 5169, 5215,

5715869, 5870, 7091, 7092, 7111, 7112, 7113, 10071, 10081, 10683,10715, 15794, 19091, 20162, 20163.T6075 Spilanthes acmella (Asteraceae); TIAN WEN CAO; PaniculateSpotflower. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To suppress coughand settle asthma, resolve toxin and disinhibit damp, disperse swellingand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Common cold, cough, asthma,pertussis, tuberculosis, diarrhea, enteritis, malaria, swelling toxin ofsore and boil, rheumatic arthritis, toothache, knocks and falls,poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 1115, 1116, 1117, 1118,1119, 1120, 1121, 1122.T6076 Spinacia oleracea (Chenopodiaceae); BO CAI; Spinish. Used part:whole herb with root. TCM Effects: To nourish blood, stanch bleeding,calm liver, moisten dryness. TCM Indications: Spontaneous externalbleeding, hematochezia, headache, dizziness and dim vision, red eyes,night blindness, diabetes mellitus, fecal stoppage, hemorrhoids.Isolated compounds: 360, 3585, 4190, 7777, 7852, 7853, 9568, 9601,10500, 15356, 15357, 16285, 17140, 17141, 20164, 20166, 20167,20168, 21415.T6077 Spiraea formosana (Rosaceae); TAI WAN XIU XIAN JU; TaiwanSpiraea*. Isolated compounds: 1113, 2081, 8788, 19983, 20189,20190, 20191, 20192.T6078 Spiraea fritschiana var. parvifolia (Rosaceae); XIAO YE HUA BEIXIU XIAN JU; Smallleaf Fritsch Spiraea*. Isolated compounds:20178, 20181, 20182, 20183, 20184, 20185, 20186, 20187, 20188.T6079 Spiraea japonica (Rosaceae); XIU XIAN JU; Japanese Spiraea. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: See Spiraea japonica var. Fortunei. TCMIndications: See Spiraea japonica var. Fortunei. Isolated compounds:20194.T6080 Spiraea japonica (Rosaceae); XIU XIAN JU YE; Japanese SpiraeaLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and disperseswelling, eliminate putridity and engender flesh. TCM Indications:Fistula. Isolated compounds: 20175, 20176, 20177, 20179, 20180.T6081 Spiraea japonica var. acuta (Rosaceae); JI JIAN XIU XIAN JU; AcuteSpiraea. Isolated compounds: 20193, 20195, 20200, 20201.T6082 Spiraea japonica var. fortunei (Rosaceae); GUANG YE FEN HUAXIU XIAN JU; Fortune Japanese Spiraea. Equivalent plant: Spiraeajaponica. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and clear heat,eliminate screen and brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Cough,toothache, headache, red eyes and eye screen. Isolated compounds:20197, 20198, 20199.T6083 Spiraea mongolica (Rosaceae); MENG GU XIU XIAN JU; MongolianSpiraea. Isolated compounds: 20196.T6084 Spiraea prunifolia (Rosaceae); XIAO YE HUA; Bridalwreath Spiraea.Equivalent plant: Spiraea thunbergii. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todisinhibit throat and disperse swelling, dispel wind and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, wind-damp impedimentpain. Isolated compounds: 10488, 14313.T6085 Spiraea sp. (Rosaceae). Isolated compounds: 22336.T6086 Spiraea thunbergii (Rosaceae); ZHEN ZHU XIU XIAN JU; ThunbergSpiraea. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Spiraea prunifolia. TCMIndications: See Spiraea prunifolia. Isolated compounds: 3704, 3705,3707, 10490, 10491.T6087 Spiranthes sinensis (Orchidaceae); ZHONG GUO SHOU CAO;Chinese Spiranthes*. Used part: whole herb with root. TCM Effects:To boost qi and nourish yin, clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Weakness during convalescence, yin vacuity internal heat,cough with blood ejection, dizzy head, lumbago and limp aching,diabetes mellitus, emission, strangury-turbidity and vaginal discharge,swelling pain in throat, poisonous snake bites, burns and scalds,swollen welling abscess and sores. Isolated compounds: 19930, 19931,19932.Splachnum mnioides = Tetraplodon mnioidesT6088 Spongia sp. Isolated compounds: 20226, 20227.T6089 Stachybotrys atra ; Fungus Stachybotrys atra. Isolated compounds:1983.T6090 Stachybotrys chartarum ; Fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Isolatedcompounds: 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 7110, 10058.T6091 Stachybotrys nephrospora ; Fungus Stachybotrys nephrospora. Isolatedcompounds: 17574, 20253.T6092 Stachys palustris (Lamiaceae); GUANG YE SHUI SU; Marshy Betony.Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, cool blood and quicken blood. TCM Indications: Swelling painin throat, pulmonary welling abscess, pertussis, dysentery, mammarywelling abscess, zoster, eye screen, hemoptysis, painful swelling fromknocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 2918, 13847, 16575.T6093 Stachys sylvatica (Lamiaceae); LIN DI SHUI SU; Whitespot Betony.Isolated compounds: 2325.T6094 Stachys tuberifera (Lamiaceae); KUAI JING SHUI SU; ChineseArtichoke. Isolated compounds: 20254.T6095 Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (Verbenaceae); JIA MA BIAN; JamaicaFalsevalerian. Used part: whole herb and root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Heat strangury, stone strangury, white turbidity,leukorrhea, wind-damp bone pain, acute conjunctivitis,pharyngolaryngitis, gingivitis, cholecystitis, welling abscess and boil,hemorrhoids, painful swelling from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 3551, 22044.T6096 Stachyurus praecox (Stachyuraceae); JING JIE HUA; praecoxStachyurus*. Isolated compounds: 16765, 17754.T6097 Staphylea bumalda (Staphyleaceae); SHENG GU YOU; BumaldaBladdernut. Used part: fruit or root. TCM Effects: To moisten lung andrelieve cough. TCM Indications: Dry cough, postpartum blood stasis.Isolated compounds: 10944, 13645, 20263, 20264, 20265, 20266,20267, 20268, 20269, 20270, 20271, 20272, 20273, 20274.T6098 Staphylea pinnata (Staphyleaceae); OU ZHOU SHENG GU YOU;European Bladdernut, Pinnate Bladdernut. Isolated compounds: 16469,17392.T6099 Stauntonia chinensis (Lardizabalaceae); YE MU GUA; ChineseStauntonvine. Used part: root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and quicken network vessels, quicken blood and relieve pain,disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Armpit wellingabscess, enlargement of testes, dysmenorrhea. Isolated compounds:18197, 22883, 22884, 22885, 22886, 22887, 22888, 22889, 22890,22891, 22892.T6100 Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae); NA TENG; JapaneseStauntonvine. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and

572dissipate stasis, relieve pain, disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, painful wound from knocksand falls, neuralgia, inhibited urination, edema. Isolated compounds:13799, 18419.T6101 Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae); NA TENG GUO; JapaneseStauntonvine Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To resolve toxinand disperse swelling, kill worms and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Sore and welling abscess, mounting qi, ascariasis, trichuriasis. Isolatedcompounds: 6755, 15004, 15005, 15006.T6102 Stauranthus perforatus (Rutaceae); Tankasché (in Mexico). Isolatedcompounds: 1067, 1833, 3457, 6312, 7061, 7719, 9304, 11269, 11630,22781.T6103 Steganotaenia araliacea (Apiaceae); WU JIA QIAN HU. Isolatedcompounds: 15417, 20284, 20285, 22173.T6104 Stellaria dichotoma var. lanceolata (Caryophyllaceae); YIN CHAI HU;Lanceolate Starwort. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear vacuityheat, eliminate gan fever. TCM Indications: Yin vacuity fever,steaming bone taxation fever, child gan fever. Isolated compounds:5420, 5421, 5422, 5423, 5424, 5425, 5427, 5428, 5429, 5430, 5431,8594, 9183, 20169, 20286, 22718.T6105 Stellera chamaejasme (Thymelaeaceae); LANG DU; Chinese Stellera.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To expel water and dispel phlegm,break accumulation and kill worms. TCM Indications: Edemadistention fullness, accumulation from phlegm, food accumulation,worm accumulation, pain in heart and abdomen, chronic trachitis,cough, asthma, scab and lichen, hemorrhoids and fistulas, scrofula,bone tuberculosis, epididymis tubercle. Isolated compounds: 3458,3459, 3460, 3461, 3462, 3696, 4645, 4658, 6541, 11249, 11319, 11320,11558, 11601, 13989, 14895, 15361, 16828, 17375, 19063, 19064,19890, 19902, 20156, 20556, 21610, 22195, 22829.T6106 Stelmatocrypton khasianum (Asclepiadaceae); SHENG TENG;Common Stelmatocrypton. Used part: lianoid stem or whole herb.TCM Effects: To dispel wind and dissipate cold, move qi and freenetwork vessels. TCM Indications: Common cold, cough, distendingpain in stomach duct, wind-cold-damp impediment. Isolatedcompounds: 14088, 19988, 20287, 20288, 20289, 20290.T6107 Stemona cf. pierrei (Stemonaceae); c. Isolated compounds: 5694,14677, 17420, 17992, 20291, 20292, 20293, 20294, 20307, 20379,20380, 20381, 20382.T6108 Stemona cochinchinensis (Stemonaceae); YIN DU ZHI NA BAI BU;Indochina Stemona*. Isolated compounds: 10731, 17992, 20296,20304.T6109 Stemona collinsae (Stemonaceae); XIAO QIU BAI BU; Hill Stemona*.Used part: root. TCM Effects: Anticarcinoma. Isolated compounds:5470.T6110 Stemona curtisii (Stemonaceae). Isolated compounds: 4964, 10731,16470, 16475, 16476, 17992, 20296, 20304.T6111 Stemona japonica (Stemonaceae); WAN SHENG BAI BU; JapaneseStemona. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Stemona tuberosa. TCMIndications: See Stemona tuberosa. Isolated compounds: 17992, 20304,20306, 20307.T6112 Stemona kerrii (Stemonaceae); DI TANG BAI BU; Kerri Stemona*.Isolated compounds: 4964, 14094, 16470, 16475, 16476, 17992,20296, 20305.T6113 Stemona sessilifolia (Stemonaceae); ZHI LI BAI BU; Sessile Stemona.Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Stemona tuberosa. TCM Indications:See Stemona tuberosa. Isolated compounds: 11719, 16437, 17992,20307, 22085.T6114 Stemona sp. (Stemonaceae). Isolated compounds: 16475, 16476, 16692,18260.T6115 Stemona tuberosa (Stemonaceae); BAI BU; Tuber Stemona. Equivalentplant: Stemona japonica, Stemona sessilifolia. Used part: root. TCMEffects: To moisten lung, relieve cough and kill worms. TCMIndications: Wind-cold cough, pertussis, tuberculosis, senile cough andasthma, ascariasis, oxyuria disease, scab and lichen, eczema, cootie.Isolated compounds: 3766, 5471, 6839, 7882, 11720, 11749, 13419,15460, 15469, 16285, 16437, 16438, 20307, 20308, 20309, 20444,22084, 22085, 22086, 22087, 22088, 22089, 22090.T6116 Stenoloma chusanum (Lindsaeaceae); DA YE JIN HUA CAO;Common Wedgelet Fern. Used part: whole herb or rhizome. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, cough, swellingpain in throat, enteritis, dysentery, hepatitis, damp-heat vaginaldischarge, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, epidemicparotitis, mouth sore, burns and scalds, poisonous snake and rabid dogbite, eczema of skin, blood ejection, hematuria, hematochezia,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 20566.T6117 Stephania abyssinica (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 17956.T6118 Stephania brachyandra (Menispermaceae); BAI XIAN SHU;Shortstamen Stephania*. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To moveqi and quicken blood, dispel wind and relieve pain, clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Stomachache, wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls, dysmenorrhea, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and boil, eczema. Isolated compounds: 11344.T6119 Stephania cepharantha (Menispermaceae); BAI YAO ZI; OrientalStephania. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dispel wind and relieve pain, cool blood and stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Septicemia, acute hepatitis, bacillary dysentery,parotitis, neurodermatitis, swelling pain in throat, heat toxin swollenwelling abscess, wind-damp impediment pain, abdominal pain anddiarrhea, blood ejection, bleeding, spontaneous external bleeding,bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2300, 2303, 3410,3411, 3412, 3885, 4461, 6437, 8808, 9597, 11736, 14981, 15725,16623, 21206, 21887.T6120 Stephania delavayi [Syn. Stephania epigaea] (Menispermaceae); DIBU RONG; Delavay Stephania. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: Torectify qi and relieve pain, dispel wind-damp, disperse swelling toxin.TCM Indications: Qi stagnation and food accumulation, pain instomach duct and abdomen, wind-damp impediment pain, swellingtoxin of welling abscess and sore, poisonous snake bite. Isolatedcompounds: 3412, 4461, 4994, 16310, 20319.T6121 Stephania dicentrinifera (Menispermaceae); HE BAO DI BU RONG;Dicentrine Stephania*. Equivalent plant: Stephania viridiflavens. Usedpart: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dissipate stasis and relieve pain, clearheat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Stomachache, dysentery,sore pharynx, knocks and falls, swollen welling abscess, sore and boil,

573poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 5417.T6122 Stephania dielsiana (Menispermaceae); XUE SAN SHU; DielsStephania. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Infection ofupper respiratory tract, pharyngitis, sore and welling abscess,stomachache, gastroenteritis, toothache, neuralgia, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 19200.T6123 Stephania dinklagei (Menispermaceae); DING KE LA QIAN JINTENG; Dinklage Stephania*. Isolated compounds: 1961, 4106, 4970,11344, 12917, 20316.T6124 Stephania discolor (Menispermaceae); CAI WEN QIAN JIN TENG;Discolor Stephania*. Isolated compounds: 21206.T6125 Stephania elegans (Menispermaceae); YA LI QIAN JIN TENG;Elegant Stephania. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dispel wind and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Soreswollen throat, sore toxin, swelling hemorrhoids, wind-dampimpediment pain. Isolated compounds: 9245, 9447.Stephania epigaea = Stephania delavayiT6126 Stephania erecta (Menispermaceae); ZHI LI QIAN JIN TENG; ErectStephania*. Isolated compounds: 9597, 15739, 15764, 15804.T6127 Stephania glabra (Menispermaceae); GUANG YE DI BU RONG;Glabrousleaf Stephania*. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and move water, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, edema, toxin swelling ofsores. Isolated compounds: 4461, 17909.T6128 Stephania hernandifolia (Menispermaceae); RU LAN; HernandialeafStephania. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dispel wind-damp, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Sore toxin ofwelling abscess and boil, swelling pain in throat, epidemic parotitis,wind-damp impediment pain, dysentery, headache, stomachache,taxation damage and pain. Isolated compounds: 822, 1698, 7024, 7714,9441, 9442, 9445, 9446, 9447, 9448, 11329, 11747, 18410.T6129 Stephania japonica (Menispermaceae); QIAN JIN TENG; JapaneseStaphania. Used part: root or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dispel wind and relieve pain, disinhibit water anddisperse edema. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, swollenwelling abscess, sore and boil, poisonous snake bite, wind-dampimpediment pain, stomachache, beriberi with edema, nephritis withedema, urinary tract infection, rheumatic arthritis, sciatica. Isolatedcompounds: 4459, 7022, 7024, 9245, 9622, 10893, 11088, 13812,15885, 16328, 16341, 16412, 16424, 17908, 17957, 17993, 20283,20312, 20318, 20319, 20323, 20325.T6130 Stephania japonica var. australis (Menispermaceae); AO DA LI YAQIAN JIN TENG; Australia Stephania*. Isolated compounds: 9245,16424.T6131 Stephania longa (Menispermaceae); FEN JI DU; Long Stephania.Used part: root, rhizome or whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp and disperse swelling, dispel windand quicken network vessels. TCM Indications: Diarrhea anddysentery, dribbling and inhibited voidings of urination, edema,jaundice, wind-damp impediment pain, throat impediment, tympanitis,swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, poisonous snake bites.Isolated compounds: 17956, 20311.T6132 Stephania sasakii (Menispermaceae); TAI WAN QIAN JIN TENG;Sasak Stephania*. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To settle pain,promote vomiting. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis, bronchitis,pertussis, chronic sores, poisonous snake bite, malaria. Isolatedcompounds: 2300, 3412, 9447, 14289, 14707, 17041, 19608.T6133 Stephania sinica (Menispermaceae); JIN BU HUAN; ChineseStephania. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, dissipate stasis and relieve pain. TCM Indications: stomachache,neuralgia, toothache, common cold, throat pain, diarrhea, dysentery,swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 19067,21077.T6134 Stephania sp. (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 2049, 4224,19598.T6135 Stephania succifera (Menispermaceae); XIAO YE DI BU RONG;Littleleaf Stephania. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, calm and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Variouspain, neuralgia, toothache, stomachache, malaria, bacillary dysentery,acute gastroenteritis, infection of upper respiratory tract, swollenwelling abscess and sore toxin, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 17041.T6136 Stephania tetrandra (Menispermaceae); FANG JI; FourstamenStephania. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water anddisperse edema, dispel wind and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Beriberi with edema, inhibited urination, eczema, sore toxin,wind-damp impediment pain, hypertension, adjuvant in anesthesia.Isolated compounds: 2303, 3747, 4459, 5419, 7714, 7753, 7754,11851, 13714, 13715, 14441, 14753, 16332, 20313, 20314, 20315,20320, 21206.T6137 Stephania viridiflavens (Menispermaceae); HUANG YE DI BURONG; Greenyellow Stephania. Used part: tuberoid. TCM Effects:See Stephania dicentrinifera. TCM Indications: See Stephaniadicentrinifera. Isolated compounds: 11851, 16555, 18054, 22820.T6138 Sterculia foetida (Sterculiaceae); JIA MA SHU; Hazel Sterculia. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To joint sinews and bones, quicken blood andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Sinew and bone wound, painfulswelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 20328, 20710.T6139 Sterculia lychnophora (Sterculiaceae); PANG DA HAI. Used part: seed,fruit. TCM Effects: To eliminate inflammation, clear heat and resolvetoxin, clear lung and disinhibit throat, moisten intestines and free stool.[5509] TCM Indications: Dry cough lesser phlegm, aphonia due to throatpain, headache, steaming bone tidal fever, nosebleed, red eyes,toothache, heat bind constipation, hemorrhoids and fistulas. [5509]Isolated compounds: 20329, 20330.T6140 Stereocaulon alpinum (Stereocaulaceae). Isolated compounds: 12936.T6141 Stereospermum kunthianum (Bignoniaceae); WU GAN DA YU YEQIU; Uganda Padritree*. Isolated compounds: 1364, 18252, 18253,20333, 20334.T6142 Stereospermum personatum (Bignoniaceae); JIA MIAN YU YE QIU;Personator Padritree*. Isolated compounds: 20335, 20336, 20337,20338, 20339.T6143 Stereum hirsutum (Thelephoraceae); MAO REN GE JUN. Isolatedcompounds: 5927, 10418, 10469, 20332.

574T6144 Sternbergia lutea (Liliaceae); HUANG SI TAN BAO; Winter Daffodil.Isolated compounds: 9547.T6145 Stichopus japonicus (Stichopodidae); HAI SHEN CHANG;Sea-cucunber Intestines. Used part: intestine. TCM Effects: To settlefright, harmonize stomach, resolve toxin and outthrust papules,engender flesh and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Gastric ulcer,duodenal ulcer, epilepsy, child indigestion, measles papules, sore andboil, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 8753.T6146 Stillingia sylvatica [Syn. Sapium sylvatica] (Euphorbiaceae); CAOWU JIU; Sylvatic Sapium*. Isolated compounds: 15990, 17958.T6147 Stizolobium capitatum (Fabaceae); LI DOU; CapitateflowerVelvetbean. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To warm center and boostqi. TCM Indications: Diabetes mellitus. Isolated compounds: 6558.T6148 Streptomyces griseus . Isolated compounds: 8308.T6149 Streptomyces hygroscopicus . Isolated compounds: 17609, 17610.T6150 Streptopelia orientalis (Columbidae); BAN JIU; Rufous Turtle Dove.Used part: meat. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney, boost qi,brighten eyes. TCM Indications: Enduring illness qi vacuity, fatiguehypodynamia, hiccough, dim vision. Isolated compounds: 2101.T6151 Streptothris chromogena . Isolated compounds: 18426.T6152 Strepyomyes niveus ; Ray-fungus 1. Isolated compounds: 15849.T6153 Strepyomyes spheroids ; Ray-fungus 2. Isolated compounds: 15849.T6154 Strobilanthes japonicus [Syn. Championella japonica] (Acanthaceae);HONG ZE LAN; Japanese Conehead. Used part: whole herb. TCMEffects: To quicken blood and free menstruation, transform stasis andmove water. TCM Indications: Menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea,amenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, concretion andconglomeration, swollen welling abscess, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 20393.T6155 Strophanthus divaricatus (Apocynaceae); YANG JIAO AO ZI;Divaricate Strophanthus Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and disperse swelling, strengthen heart, kill worms andrelieve itch. TCM Indications: Wind-damp, scab and lichen, knocksand falls, swelling of sores, cardiac failure, rheumatic arthritis.Isolated compounds: 3331, 3332, 4317, 4857, 6530, 6532, 12951,15123, 19372, 19374, 19380, 19381, 19958, 19959, 20403, 20405.T6156 Strophanthus gratus (Apocynaceae); XUAN HUA YANG JIAO AO;Spinyflower Strophanthus. Isolated compounds: 20403.T6157 Strophanthus kombe (Apocynaceae); KANG PI DU MAO XUANHUA; Kombe Strophanthus*. Isolated compounds: 4547, 4549, 7320,9335, 9336, 16943, 20397, 20405.T6158 Strophanthus preussii (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 16959.T6159 Strophanthus sarmentosus var. senegambiae (Apocynaceae); XI FEIYANG JIAO AO; Senegalese Strophanthus*. Isolated compounds:2399, 19374.T6160 Strophanthus sp. (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 12951, 21662.T6161 Strophanthus spp. (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 16958.T6162 Strophanthus thollonii (Apocynaceae); SE LUN YANG JIAO AO;Thollon Strophanthus*. Isolated compounds: 2399.T6163 Strychnos aculeata (Loganiaceae); CI MA QIAN ZI; AculeatePoisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 2678.T6164 Strychnos afzelii (Loganiaceae); A FU ZE ER MA QIAN ZI; AfzelPoisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 3148, 5682.T6165 Strychnos amazonica (Loganiaceae); YA MA XUN MA QIAN ZI;Amazonian Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 5682, 13615.T6166 Strychnos angustiflora (Loganiaceae); NIU YAN MA QIAN;Narrowflower Poisonnut. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To freechannels and quicken network vessels, disperse swelling and relievepain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, deadlimb,hemiplegia, swelling toxin of welling abscess and flat abscess, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 1250.T6167 Strychnos camptoneura (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817.T6168 Strychnos dale (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14123.T6169 Strychnos decussata (Loganiaceae); DUI SHENG MA QIAN;Opposite Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 817, 4864.T6170 Strychnos divaricans (Loganiaceae); FEN CHA MA QIAN ZI;Divaricate Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 2959, 4377, 13615.T6171 Strychnos dolichothyrsa (Loganiaceae); CHANG HUA XU MA QIANZI; Longthyrsus Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 3148, 5682.T6172 Strychnos elaeocarpa (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14123.T6173 Strychnos froesii (Loganiaceae); FU SHI MA QIAN ZI; FroesPoisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 4377, 21485.T6174 Strychnos gardneri (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817.T6175 Strychnos guianensis (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 905, 4209,4926, 4927, 7841, 9077, 9078, 13335, 13615, 14024.T6176 Strychnos icaja (Loganiaceae); ZHONG FEI MA QIAN;Central-African Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 10734, 10939,20414.T6177 Strychnos ignatii (Loganiaceae); LV SONG GUO; Ignat PoisonnutSeed. Used part: ripe seed. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, disperseswelling, kill worms, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Stomachache,diarrhea, dysentery, malaria, worm accumulation, bleeding due toexternal injury, centipede bite. Isolated compounds: 2678, 7417, 12950,14095, 17934, 20410.T6178 Strychnos jobertiana (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817.T6179 Strychnos mellodora (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 16541,21049, 21050.T6180 Strychnos mittschelichii (Loganiaceae); MI SHI MA QIAN ZI;Mittschelich Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 2959, 4377, 13615.T6181 Strychnos myrtoides (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5050, 10079,13417, 15226.T6182 Strychnos nigritana (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817.T6183 Strychnos nitida (Loganiaceae); MAO ZHU MA QIAN; HairstylePoisonnut. Used part: fruit and seed. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andquicken network vessels, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind stroke, numbness in limbs, hypertonicity, paralysis,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, swelling pain in throat.Isolated compounds: 3103, 12800, 20410.T6184 Strychnos nux-vomica (Loganiaceae); MA QIAN ZI; Nut-vomitivePoisonnut. Equivalent plant: Strychnos wallichiana. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To free network vessels and relieve pain, dissipate bindsand disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Hemiplegia, numbness andparalysis, muscle weakness, impotence, hypertrophic spinitis, chronicanemia, wind-damp intractable impediment, sequel of poliomyelitis,rheumatoid arthritis, knocks and falls, swelling pain of welling abscessand flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 454, 455, 456, 457, 1110, 2678,

5752679, 3551, 3930, 3931, 4311, 4943, 9930, 9931, 10457, 10459,10734, 10939, 11265, 11266, 11721, 11722, 12950, 13615, 13972,15775, 15847, 17994, 18021, 18070, 18792, 20410, 20411, 22614.T6185 Strychnos parvifolia (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817.T6186 Strychnos sp. (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 5191.T6187 Strychnos spinosa (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817.T6188 Strychnos toxifera (Loganiaceae); DU MA QIAN; Toxic Poisonnut*.Isolated compounds: 13615, 21485.T6189 Strychnos trinervis (Loganiaceae); SAN YE MAI MA QIAN;Trinervure Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 2959.T6190 Strychnos triplinervia (Loganiaceae); LI JI SAN CHU MAI MA QIAN;Triplinervia Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 20410.T6191 Strychnos usambarensis (Loganiaceae); DONG FEI MA QIAN;East-African Poisonnut*. Isolated compounds: 817, 3614, 11723,20415, 22275, 22276.T6192 Strychnos vanprukii (Loganiaceae). Isolated compounds: 817, 4958,10649, 14123, 16541, 21050.T6193 Strychnos wallichiana (Loganiaceae); CHANG ZI MA QIAN; WallichPoisonnut. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: See Strychnos nux-vomica.TCM Indications: See Strychnos nux-vomica. Isolated compounds:10459, 10734, 10939.T6194 Stylomecon spp. Isolated compounds: 3498.T6195 Stylophorum diphyllum (Papaveraceae); ER YE BAO YING SU;Celandine Poppy. Isolated compounds: 3502.T6196 Stylophorum spp. (Papaveraceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T6197 Styrax benzoin (Styracaceae); AN XI XIANG; Sumatra Snowbell.Equivalent plant: Styrax tonkinensis. Used part: balsam. TCM Effects:To open orifices and arouse spirit, break phlegm and repel foulness,move qi and quicken blood, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Suddenstroke and fulminant reversal, pain in heart and abdomen, postpartumblood dizziness, child fright epilepsy, wind impediment and lumbago.Isolated compounds: 2222, 3695, 3728, 3986, 17133, 20417, 20430,20484, 22336.T6198 Styrax ferrugineus (Styracaceae); XIU SE AN XI XIANG; FerruginousSnowbell*. Isolated compounds: 8708, 8709, 10664, 10665.T6199 Styrax formosanus (Styracaceae); TAI WAN AN XI XIANG; TaiwanSnowbell. Isolated compounds: 10665.T6200 Styrax japonica (Styracaceae); RI BEN AN XI XIANG JING PI;Japanese Snowbell Stem-bark. Isolated compounds: 5584, 6717,10665, 13592, 13595, 17416, 20420, 20421, 20422, 20423, 20424,20425, 20426, 20427, 20428, 20429, 20569, 20711.T6201 Styrax obassia (Styracaceae); YU LING HUA; Fragrant Snowbell.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To expel worms. TCM Indications:Oxyuria disease. Isolated compounds: 10665.T6202 Styrax officinalis (Styracaceae); YAO YONG AN XI XIANG; DrugSnowbell. Isolated compounds: 2264, 14172, 20419.T6203 Styrax sp. (Styracaceae). Isolated compounds: 3695.T6204 Styrax tonkinensis (Styracaceae); YUE NAN AN XI XIANG; TonkinSnowbell. Used part: balsam. TCM Effects: See Styrax benzoin. TCMIndications: See Styrax benzoin. Isolated compounds: 3727, 3985,19854.T6205 Sus scrofa (Suidae); YE ZHU DAN; Wild Boar Gall. Used part: gall.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Clovesore, toxin swelling, scalds. Isolated compounds: 10560.T6206 Sus scrofa domestica (Suidae); ZHU DAN; Pig Gall. Used part: gall.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, moisten dryness. TCMIndications: Febrile diseases with vexation and thirst, constipation,jaundice, pertussis, asthma, diarrhea, dysentery, red eyes, throatimpediment, otitis media, swollen welling abscess and clove sores.Isolated compounds: 10560, 10867, 10868, 10869.T6207 Swainsonia canescens (Fabaceae); HUI BAI KU MA DOU; CanescentSwainsonia*. Isolated compounds: 20500.T6208 Swainsonia galegifolia (Fabaceae); SHAN YANG DOU YE KU MADOU; Darling Pea. Isolated compounds: 20500.T6209 Swainsonia luteola (Fabaceae); DAN HUANG KU MA DOU;Yellowish Swainsonia*. Isolated compounds: 20500.T6210 Swainsonia salsula [Syn. Sphaerophysa salsula] (Fabaceae); KU MADOU; Saline Swainsonia. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To disinhibiturine, disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Edema, inhibited urination,ascites. Isolated compounds: 20151, 20152, 21760.T6211 Swartzia madagascariensis (Fabaceae); MA DAO SI WO CI DOU;Madagascar Swartzia*. Isolated compounds: 6290, 13638, 18229.T6212 Swertia angustifolia (Gentianaceae); XIA YE ZHANG YA CAI;Narrowleaf Swertia. Isolated compounds: 1243, 1251, 8304, 20503,20509, 20510.T6213 Swertia calycina (Gentianaceae); BAO E ZHANG YA CAI; CalycinSwertia. Isolated compounds: 15718, 20502, 20503, 20509, 20510,20511, 21172, 21173, 21762.T6214 Swertia chinensis (Gentianaceae); DANG YAO; Chinese Swertia*.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit damp and fortify stomach. TCM Indications: Medullitis,pharyngolaryngitis, tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, indigestion,dysentery, sore and welling abscess with scab and lichen, poisonoussnake bites. Isolated compounds: 1017, 1020, 20503, 20509.T6215 Swertia chirata (Gentianaceae); ZHAI RUI TA ZHANG YA CAI;Chirata Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 2220, 11436, 20502, 20509.T6216 Swertia cincta (Gentianaceae); XI NAN ZHANG YA CAI;Surrounded Swertia. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20503, 20509.T6217 Swertia davidii (Gentianaceae); CHUAN DONG ZHANG YA CAI;E.Chuan Swertia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Damp-heatjaundice, lung heat cough, swelling pain in throat, toothache, dysentery,urinary tract infection, suppurative osteomyelitis, conjunctivitis ,annexitis, pelvic inflamation, zoster, scab and lichen with sore toxin.Isolated compounds: 5950, 6166, 8304, 8740, 20509, 21793.T6218 Swertia decora (Gentianaceae); GUAN SHANG ZHANG YA CAI.Isolated compounds: 20504.T6219 Swertia erythrosticta (Gentianaceae); HONG ZHI ZHANG YA CAI;Redspot Swertia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp and abate jaundice, kill worms.TCM Indications: Wind-heat cough, sore swollen throat, jaundice(icterus, ICT), syphilis, swelling and toxin of sore and welling abscess,scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20503, 20509, 20510.T6220 Swertia fasciculata (Gentianaceae); CU HUA ZHANG YA CAI;Fascicled Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20503, 20509, 20510.T6221 Swertia franchetiana (Gentianaceae); BAO JING ZHANG YA CAI;

576Amplexicaul Swertia. Isolated compounds: 8304, 8758, 19699, 19700,20509.T6222 Swertia hickinii (Gentianaceae); ZHE JIANG ZHANG YA CAI;Zhejiang Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20509.T6223 Swertia japonica (Gentianaceae); RI BEN ZHANG YA CAI; JapaneseSwertia*. Isolated compounds: 1593, 2546, 2781, 3539, 7970, 8069,8070, 8601, 8602, 8603, 8636, 8734, 8735, 8736, 9840, 10498, 13506,14732, 15441, 15799, 15800, 17854, 18736, 20505, 20506, 20507,20509, 20511, 20512.T6224 Swertia kouitchensis (Gentianaceae); GUI ZHOU ZHANG YA CAI;Guizhou Swertia*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Fever in children,bitter taste and tidal fever, damp-heat jaundice, sore swollen throat,indigestion, gastritis, mouth sore, toothache, fire eye, poisonous snakebites. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20509.T6225 Swertia macrosperma (Gentianaceae); DA ZI ZHANG YA CAI;Bigseed Swertia. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20503, 20508, 20509,20510.T6226 Swertia mileensis (Gentianaceae); QING YE DAN; Mileen Swertia.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit damp and abate jaundice. TCM Indications: Damp-heatjaundice, heat strangury with inhibited pain, damp-heat diarrheadysentery, red and white vaginal discharge, influenza, malaria withfever, acute gastritis, acute pharyngolaryngitis, acute tonsillitis, acuteconjunctivitis, allergic dermatitis. Isolated compounds: 14566, 16050,20503, 20505.T6227 Swertia mussotii (Gentianaceae); CHUAN XI ZHANG YA CAI;Mussot Swertia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear liverand disinhibit gallbladder, abate jaundice, disinhibit water and disperseedema. TCM Indications: Acute icterohepatitis, hepatitis, cholecystitis,edema. Isolated compounds: 13481, 16050.T6228 Swertia nervosa (Gentianaceae); XIAN MAI ZHANG YA CAI;Veined Swertia*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, quicken blood and regulate menstruation. TCMIndications: Jaundice (icterus, ICT), bitter taste, tidal fever. Isolatedcompounds: 8304, 20503, 20509, 20510.T6229 Swertia patens (Gentianaceae); XIE JING ZHANG YA CAI;Spreading Swertia*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To warmcenter and relieve pain, fortify spleen and disperse accumulation.TCM Indications: Infant common cold, spasmodic abdominal pain,child gan accumulation, indigestion. Isolated compounds: 20509.T6230 Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae); SU GEN ZHANG YA CAI; AlpineBog-swertia. Isolated compounds: 15799, 20511.T6231 Swertia pseudochinensis (Gentianaceae); ZHANG YA CAI; FalseChinese Swertia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To drain fireand resolve toxin, disinhibit damp, fortify spleen. TCM Indications:Acute icterohepatitis, chronic liver diseases, damp-heat jaundice,dysentery, gastritis, indigestion, acute conjunctivitis, toothache, mouthsore, swelling pain of sores. Isolated compounds: 5840, 5847, 5848,6011, 8304, 9616, 11773, 20503, 20509, 20510.T6232 Swertia pubescens (Gentianaceae); MAO ZHANG YA CAI; PubescentSwertia. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20503, 20509.T6233 Swertia punctata (Gentianaceae); XI DIAN ZHANG YA CAI;Punctate Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 8301, 17855.T6234 Swertia punicea (Gentianaceae); ZI HONG ZHANG YA CAI; ScarletSwertia. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear liver anddisinhibit gallbladder, clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp.TCM Indications: Acute icterohepatitis, cholecystitis, wind-heatcommon cold, wind-fire toothache, swelling pain in throat, indigestion,acute bacillary dysentery, infection of urinary system, tinnitus anddeafness, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 8304, 20503, 20509,20510, 20512, 20514.T6235 Swertia punicea var. lutescens (Gentianaceae); DAN HUANGZHANG YA CAI; Yellowish Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 8304,20509, 20510.T6236 Swertia purpurascens (Gentianaceae); ZI SE ZHANG YA CAI; PurpleSwertia*. Isolated compounds: 15800, 20511.T6237 Swertia randainensis (Gentianaceae); LUAN DA SHAN ZHANG YACAI; Randain Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 15800.T6238 Swertia sp. (Gentianaceae). Isolated compounds: 19545.T6239 Swertia swertiopsis (Gentianaceae); PU TONG ZHANG YA CAI;Common Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 15799.T6240 Swertia tosaensis (Gentianaceae); SHANG ZUO ZHOU ZHANG YACAI; Tosa Swertia*. Isolated compounds: 20511.T6241 Swietenia mahogany (Meliaceae); TAO HUA XIN MU; West IndianMahogany. Isolated compounds: 4772, 10768, 20516, 20517, 20518,20519, 20520, 20521, 20522.T6242 Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae); KA MAI LONG XIN FO NI A;Cameroon Symphonia*. Isolated compounds: 1135, 8555, 8556, 8557,8558, 20526.T6243 Symphoricarpos sp. (Caprifoliaceae). Isolated compounds: 7944.T6244 Symphytum asperum (Boraginaceae); CU XI MEN FEI CAO; RoughComfrey. Isolated compounds: 9316, 12535.T6245 Symphytum caucasicum (Boraginaceae); XIN FEI CAO; CaucasianComfrey. Isolated compounds: 6684, 6686.T6246 Symphytum officinale (Boraginaceae); XI MEN FEI CAO; Comfrey.Isolated compounds: 6684, 9316, 12420, 12535, 20525, 20527.T6247 Symphytum orientale (Boraginaceae); DONG FANG XI MEN FEICAO; Soft Comfrey. Isolated compounds: 6684, 20527.T6248 Symphytum tuberosum (Boraginaceae); KUAI JING XI MEN FEICAO; Tuberous Comfrey. Isolated compounds: 6684.T6249 Symphytum x uplandicum (Boraginaceae); E GUO XI MEN FEI CAO;Russian Comfrey. Isolated compounds: 13235, 20527.T6250 Symplocos caudata (Symplocaceae); SHAN FAN GEN; CaudateSweetleaf Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit damp, cool blood and stanch bleeding, dispel wind andrelieve pain. TCM Indications: Jaundice, diarrhea, dysentery, flooding,wind-fire toothache, headache, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolatedcompounds: 4680, 5583, 6273, 8681, 10666, 11083, 20446, 20546,21714, 21923.T6251 Symplocos caudata (Symplocaceae); SHAN FAN YE; CaudateSweetleaf Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat andpromote contraction. TCM Indications: Tuberculosis and hemoptysis,hematochezia, chronic dysentery, acute tonsillitis, acute otitis media,wind eye with ulceration of eyelid rim. Isolated compounds: 14552,14553.

577T6252 Symplocos chinensis (Symplocaceae); HUA SHAN FAN; ChineseSweetleaf. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, transform phlegm and interrupt malaria, free network vesselsand relieve pain. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, diarrheaand dysentery, swelling of sores and boils, poisonous snake bites,malaria, pain in sinews and bones, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 20540, 20541, 20542, 20543, 20544, 20545.T6253 Symplocos glomerata (Symplocaceae); TUAN HUA SHAN FAN;Glomerule Sweetleaf. Isolated compounds: 20529, 20530, 20531,20532, 20533, 20534, 20535, 20536, 20537, 20538, 20539.T6254 Symplocos racemosa (Symplocaceae); ZHU ZI SHU; RacemoseSweetleaf. Isolated compounds: 2270, 9234, 19192, 20528, 20547,20548, 20549.T6255 Synechocytis sp. (Chroococcaceae). Isolated compounds: 15242.T6256 Syneilesis palmata (Asteraceae); TU ER SAN; Syneilesis*. Isolatedcompounds: 20551.T6257 Syngnathus acus JIAN HAI LONG; Acute Syngnathus*. Used part:meat or whole fish. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney andinvigorate yang, dissipate binds and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Impotence, emission, sterility, kidney vacuity asthma,concretion conglomeration accumulation and gathering, scrofula,goiter and carcinoma of neck, knocks and falls, swollen wellingabscess and clove sores. Isolated compounds: 17127.T6258 Syringa afghanica (Oleaceae); A FU HAN DING XIANG;Afghanistan Lilac*. Isolated compounds: 6917, 19112, 19113, 19114,19115, 19116, 19117, 19118, 19119, 20553.T6259 Syringa amurensis [Syn. Syringa reticulata var. amurensis] (Oleaceae);BAO MA ZI; Amur Lilac. Used part: Bark, branch and trunk. TCMEffects: To diffuse lung and transform phlegm, relieve cough and calmasthma, disinhibit water. TCM Indications: Chronic bronchitis, asthma,edema due to heart disease. Isolated compounds: 8071, 8737, 8738,8739, 10819, 12524, 12829, 14733, 15873, 15874, 19626.T6260 Syringa oblata (Oleaceae); ZI DING XIANG; Early Lilac. Used part:leaf and bark. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibitdamp and abate jaundice. TCM Indications: Acute diarrhea,icterohepatitis, acute conjunctivitis, sores. Isolated compounds: 4135,20569.T6261 Syringa pinnafolia (Myrtaceae); YU YE DING XIANG; PinnateleafLilac. Used part: root or branch and trunk. TCM Effects: To warmcenter, downbear qi, warm kidney. TCM Indications: Cold pain instomach duct and abdomen, cold asthma, prolapse of uterus, prolapseof rectum. Isolated compounds: 22984.Syringa reticulata var. amurensis = Syringa amurensisT6262 Syringa vulgaris (Myrtaceae); OU DING XIANG; Common Lilac.Isolated compounds: 20560.T6263 Syzygium aromaticum [Syn. Eugenia caryophyllata] (Myrtaceae);DING XIANG; Clove Tree. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: Towarm center and downbear counterflow, warm kidney and invigorateyang. TCM Indications: Stomach cold with retching counterflow,hiccough, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, reduced foodintake and diarrhea, kidney vacuity impotence, vacuity cold in lumbusand knees, yin flat abscess. Isolated compounds: 391, 2222, 2273,3241, 3301, 3488, 7518, 7520, 7521, 7524, 9669, 11411, 11419, 11420,13848, 14668, 14718, 16050, 18679, 20389, 20910, 22336.T6264 Syzygium buxifolium (Myrtaceae); CHI NAN; Boxleaf Syzygium.Used part: root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To boost kidney and settleasthma, fortify spleen and disinhibit damp, expel wind and quickenblood, resolve toxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Edema,asthma, strangury-turbidity, urethral stone, dysentery, hepatitis,prolapse of uterus, wind-damp pain, testitis, hemorrhoids, swollenwelling abscess, burns and scalds, painful swelling from knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 17696, 22270.T6265 Syzygium cordatum (Myrtaceae); XIN XING PU TAO; CordateSyzygium*. Isolated compounds: 8095.Syzygium cumin = Eugenia jambolanaT6266 Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae); YANG SHI GUO; Duhat. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To constrain lung and settle asthma, engenderliquid, astringe intestines. TCM Indications: Taxation damage cough,vacuity asthma, fluid damage and thirst, chronic diarrhea anddysentery. Isolated compounds: 4446, 7852.T6267 Syzygium jambos (Myrtaceae); PU (3) TAO; Roseapple. Used part:pericarp. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and warm stomach,supplement lung and relieve cough, break blood and disperse swelling.TCM Indications: Stomach cold and hiccough, spleen vacuity diarrhea,chronic dysentery, lung vacuity cold cough, flat abscess. Isolatedcompounds: 3303, 5011, 13456.T6268 Syzygium samarangense (Myrtaceae); YANG PU TAO YE; SamalangaSyzygium. Used part: leaf or bark. TCM Effects: To drain fire andresolve toxin, dry damp and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Moughand tongue sores, goose-mouth sore, damp-erosion of sores, pudendalitch. Isolated compounds: 5048, 5857, 6923, 10399, 13628, 14676,15170, 15180, 15181, 15184, 15192, 17403, 18317, 20331, 20394,22287.TT6269 Tabebuia avellanedae (Apocynaceae); HE SE ZHONG HUA SHU.Isolated compounds: 1284, 6201, 6205, 6281, 6286, 6287, 9818, 9819,10606, 10618, 10621, 11146, 11147, 13850, 21927.T6270 Tabebuia impetiginosa (Apocynaceae); BAN ZHEN ZHONG HUASHU. Isolated compounds: 6206, 6274, 6281, 6286, 6287, 10606,10618, 10622, 13949, 14055, 16739, 16740, 21894, 21895, 21925,21927.T6271 Tabernaemontana chartacea (Apocynaceae); ZHI ZHI SHAN MACHA. Isolated compounds: 16966.T6272 Tabernaemontana corymbosa (Apocynaceae); SAN FANG HUA XUHONG YUE GUI; Corymb Rose-bay*. Isolated compounds: 3992,3993, 3994, 3995, 3996, 3997, 3998, 3999, 4000, 4001, 4002, 4003,7294, 9933, 9934, 10095.T6273 Tabernaemontana holstii (Apocynaceae); HE ER TI SHAN MA CHA.Isolated compounds: 16966.T6274 Tabernaemontana johnstonii (Apocynaceae); YUE HAN SI TONGSHAN MA CHA. Isolated compounds: 16966, 20576.T6275 Tacca chantrieri [Syn. Tacca minor; Tacca esquirolii] (Taccaceae);JIAN GEN SHU; Arrowroot Tacca. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, rectify qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Gastroenteritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, indigestion,

578dysentery, hepatitis, sore and boil, swelling pain in throat, toxinswelling of sores. Isolated compounds: 3478, 3479, 5774, 5775, 5776,5781, 5815, 5816, 5817, 5912, 5913, 8650, 8688, 8702, 8703, 8704,8707, 10725, 10726, 18719, 20221, 20223, 20596, 20597, 20598.Tacca esquirolii = Tacca chantrieriTacca minor = Tacca chantrieriT6276 Tacca plantaginea [Syn. Schizocapsa plantaginea] (Taccaceae); LIEGUO SHU; Lobedfruit Tacca. Used part: tuber. TCM Effects: To coolblood and disperse stasis, eliminate inflammation and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Peptic ulcer, enteritis, tuberculosis, pertussis,knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, sore pharynx,toothache, swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 20587,20588, 20589, 20590, 20591, 20592, 20593, 20594, 20595.T6277 Tadehagi triquetrum (Fabaceae); HU LU CHA; Triquetrous Tadehagi.Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disperse accumulation and disinhibit damp, kill worms. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, swelling pain in throat, nephritis,icterohepatitis, enteritis, bacillary dysentery, vomiting in pregnancy,ancylostomiasis. Isolated compounds: 20599.T6278 Tagetes erecta (Asteraceae); WAN SHOU JU; Aztec Marigold. Usedpart: inflorescence. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Infection ofupper respiratory tract, pertussis, conjunctivitis, stomatitis, toothache,dizziness, infant fright wind, amenorrhea, blood stasis and abdominalpain, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds:2017, 2783, 7441, 7821, 9290, 10273, 13126, 14602, 17263, 17264,20608, 21018.T6279 Tagetes erecta (Asteraceae); WAN SHOU JU YE; Aztec Marigold Leaf.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Innominate toxin swelling, gan disease, welling abscess,sore, clove sore. Isolated compounds: 12018.T6280 Tagetes maxima (Asteraceae); ZUI DA WAN SHOU JU; MaximaMarigold*. Isolated compounds: 3389, 10272, 16728, 18306, 18307,18310, 18316.T6281 Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae); WEI XIAO WAN SHOU JU; SouthernMarigold. Isolated compounds: 2284, 2783, 17090.T6282 Tagetes patula (Asteraceae); KONG QUE CAO; French Marigold.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit damp,suppress cough. TCM Indications: Cough, dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 834, 9290, 16728, 18305, 18316, 19027, 19039, 22520.T6283 Tagetes sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 10775.T6284 Taiwania cryptomerioides (Taxodiaceae); TAI WAN SHAN;Cryptomeria-like Taiwania. Isolated compounds: 263, 1621, 2848,2854, 2856, 2857, 2857, 2858, 4310, 4929, 5317, 5998, 5999, 6000,6099, 6367, 9323, 9746, 10259, 10360, 10455, 10456, 11471, 12223,14073, 15138, 15141, 16363, 16394, 16416, 16417, 19427, 20629,20630, 20631, 20632, 20633, 20634, 20635, 20636, 20637, 20638,20639, 20640, 20641, 20642, 20643, 20644, 21679, 21839.T6285 Tamarindus indica (Fabaceae); SUAN JIAO; Tamarind Fruit. Usedpart: fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, harmonizestomach and disperse accumulation. TCM Indications: Summerheatstroke, inappetence, child gan accumulation, vomiting in pregnancy,constipation. Isolated compounds: 9616, 11773, 16196, 17090, 17425,20715, 22581.T6286 Tamarix chinensis (Tamaricaceae); CHENG LIU; Chinese Tamarisk.Equivalent plant: Tamarix ramosissima. Used part: tender branch-leaf.TCM Effects: To course wind and resolve exterior, disinhibit urine andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Non-eruption of measles, wind papuleitching, common cold, cough and asthma, wind-damp bone pain.Isolated compounds: 8095, 11648, 12015, 12045, 18317, 18348,20661, 20662, 20663.T6287 Tamarix gallica (Tamaricaceae); FA GUO CHENG LIU; FrenchTamarisk. Isolated compounds: 13504.T6288 Tamarix hispida (Tamaricaceae); GANG MAO CHENG LIU; KashgarTamarisk. Isolated compounds: 5791, 11648, 18682.T6289 Tamarix nilotica (Tamaricaceae); NI LUO HE CHENG LIU; NiloticTamarisk*. Isolated compounds: 8095, 15600.T6290 Tamarix ramosissima (Tamaricaceae); DUO ZHI CHENG LIU;Branchy Tamarisk. Used part: tender branch-leaf. TCM Effects: SeeTamarix chinensis. TCM Indications: See Tamarix chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 18348.T6291 Tamus communis (Dioscoreaceae); JIANG GUO SHU YU; BlackBryony. Isolated compounds: 11246, 13243.T6292 Tanacetum longifolium (Asteraceae); CHANG YE AI JU; LongleafTansy. Isolated compounds: 9412, 20666.T6293 Tanacetum microphyllum (Asteraceae); XIAO YE JU HAO; Small-leafTansy*. Isolated compounds: 3388, 5987, 9765, 12044, 19312.T6294 Tanacetum parthenium (Asteraceae); CHU AI JU; Feverfew. Isolatedcompounds: 3076, 19312.T6295 Tanacetum sibiricum [Syn. Filifolium sibiricum] (Asteraceae); SI BOLI YA AI JU; Siberian Tansy. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, quiet spirit, regulate menstruation. TCMIndications: Ardent fever (hyperpyrexia), palpitation, sleepless,menstrual disorder , swollen welling abscess and sores. Isolatedcompounds: 9604.T6296 Tanacetum sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 19308.T6297 Tanacetum spp. (compositae). Isolated compounds: 16675, 17719.T6298 Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae); JU HAO; Common Tansy. Isolatedcompounds: 19312, 21350.T6299 Tanghinia venenifera (Apocynaceae); TAN MANG GUO. Isolatedcompounds: 20671.T6300 Taraxacum formosanum (Asteraceae); TAI WAN PU GONG YING;Taiwan Dandelion*. Isolated compounds: 874, 1284, 2887, 3551, 3983,9815, 9818, 14443, 14526, 14652, 14734, 14804, 15526, 19983,20369, 20554, 20566, 20692, 20693, 20694, 20695, 20696, 20714,22332, 22336.T6301 Taraxacum mongolicum (Asteraceae); PU GONG YING; MongolianDandelion. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dissipate binds and disperse swelling, disinhibit urineand free strangury. TCM Indications: Epidemic parotitis, infection ofupper respiratory tract, tonsillitis, laryngitis, sore pharynx, mastitis,hepatitis, swelling toxin of clove sore, mammary welling abscess,scrofula, red eyes, pulmonary welling abscess, damp-heat jaundice,heat strangury with inhibited pain. Isolated compounds: 2887, 3551,3589, 20704.T6302 Taraxacum obovatum (Asteraceae); DAO LUAN YE PU GONG

579YING GEN; Obovaleaf Dandelion Root. Isolated compounds: 4749,4750, 5724, 10319, 20073, 20714.T6303 Taraxacum officinale (Asteraceae); YAO YONG PU GONG YING;Officinal Dandelion. Isolated compounds: 1113, 1476, 1492, 1749,2887, 3434, 3551, 3589, 3674, 4190, 4680, 6452, 7768, 7821, 7853,7971, 12891, 13126, 13137, 13687, 16066, 17515, 18317, 19983,20366, 20369, 20446, 20704, 20705, 20711, 22520.Taxillus chinensis = Loranthus parasiticusT6304 Taxillus levinei (Loranthaceae); XIU MAO JI SHENG; RustyhairTaxillus. Used part: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To clear lung andrelieve cough, dispel wind-damp. TCM Indications: Lung heat cough,wind-damp pain in lumbus and legs, sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 5763, 11642.T6305 Taxodium distichum (Taxodiaceae); LUO YU SHAN; DeciduousCypress. Isolated compounds: 20809, 20810.T6306 Taxodium mucronatum (Taxodiaceae); MO XI GE LUO YU SHAN;Mexican Cypress*. Isolated compounds: 1030, 6314, 17588.T6307 Taxus baccata (Taxaceae); JIANG GUO ZI SHAN; Common Yew.Isolated compounds: 152, 157, 158, 284, 285, 355, 369, 519, 2072,2073, 2076, 2077, 3402, 3697, 3698, 3699, 3701, 3719, 3720, 3721,4704, 4711, 4713, 4721, 4722, 4723, 4730, 4737, 4780, 4783, 4784,4798, 4804, 4810, 4812, 4852, 5138, 5139, 5140, 5293, 5294, 5318,5331, 5538, 6880, 9811, 9812, 9865, 9866, 9867, 9965, 10475, 10739,14198, 14199, 14739, 18815, 20741, 20742, 20743, 20770, 20793,20795, 20797, 20806, 20811, 20812, 20814, 20840, 20905, 21160,21529, 21602, 22845, 22847, 22848, 22849, 22851, 22852.T6308 Taxus brevifolia (Taxaceae); DUAN YE HONG DOU SHAN; PacificYew. Isolated compounds: 2256, 2258, 2604, 4722, 4723, 4729, 4731,4732, 4733, 4765, 4779, 4849, 5348, 5383, 5459, 5460, 5881, 5882,7027, 20761, 20762, 20779, 20803, 20811, 20849.T6309 Taxus canadensis (Taxaceae); JIA NA DA HONG DOU SHAN;Canadian Yew. Isolated compounds: 362, 367, 2236, 2237, 3056, 4725,4726, 4744, 4781, 4786, 5138, 5304, 5310, 5315, 5328, 5329, 5330,6157, 6850, 6881, 9763, 9963, 10742, 10777, 10778, 10781, 20743,20748, 20749, 20750, 20751, 20752, 20822, 20863, 21523, 21603.T6310 Taxus chinensis (Taxaceae); HONG DOU SHAN; Chinese Yew.Isolated compounds: 156, 363, 368, 2249, 2250, 2252, 2253, 2255,2265, 3714, 3716, 3717, 4705, 4736, 4737, 4764, 4776, 4777, 4778,4849, 4853, 4854, 4980, 5294, 5318, 5323, 5331, 6395, 6934, 9505,9813, 9960, 10739, 20736, 20737, 20743, 20744, 20761, 20764,20768, 20769, 20770, 20771, 20772, 20773, 20774, 20775, 20776,20777, 20778, 20779, 20790, 20795, 20797, 20798, 20802, 20811,20817, 20818, 20866, 20867, 20875, 21160, 21516, 21527, 21529,21531, 21704, 21705.T6311 Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae); ZI SHAN; Japanese Yew. Used part:branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and free channels,anticancer. TCM Indications: Kidney disease, diabetes mellitus,carcinoma of ovary, carcinoma of mammary glands. Isolatedcompounds: 2073, 2074, 3721, 4708, 4782, 6679, 6884, 8609, 10738,10743, 11477, 11728, 11732, 14651, 15664, 17700, 19514, 20738,20739, 20740, 20743, 20762, 20780, 20781, 20782, 20783, 20784,20785, 20786, 20787, 20788, 20789, 20790, 20794, 20797, 20798,20799, 20800, 20801, 20802, 20807, 20811, 20813, 20840, 20841,20842, 20843, 20844, 20845, 20846, 20847, 20848, 20849, 20851,20852, 20853, 20854, 20855, 20856, 20857, 20858, 20859, 20860,20861, 20862, 20863, 20864, 20865, 20868, 20869, 20870, 20871,20872, 20873, 21529.T6312 Taxus mairei (Taxaceae); MEI LI HONG DOU SHAN; Maire Yew.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To disperse accumulation, expelroundworm. TCM Indications: Food accumulation, ascariasis. Isolatedcompounds: 120, 151, 2074, 3715, 3717, 4708, 4734, 4735, 4785,4981, 4984, 5294, 5320, 5321, 9811, 10476, 10740, 10780, 14199,20647, 20745, 20746, 20797, 20800, 20802, 20811, 20819, 20820,20821, 20822, 20823, 20824, 20825, 20826, 20827, 20828, 20829,20830, 20831, 20832, 20834, 20835, 20836, 20837, 20838, 20839,20840, 21029, 22951.T6313 Taxus media (Taxaceae); JIE ZHI HONG DOU SHAN; Media Yew.Isolated compounds: 2074, 2077, 4793, 4980, 4981, 20811.T6314 Taxus sp. (Taxaceae). Isolated compounds: 2075, 2078, 20850.T6315 Taxus spp. (Taxaceae). Isolated compounds: 20805.T6316 Taxus sumatrana (Taxaceae); SU MEN DA LA HONG DOU SHAN;Sumatran Yew. Isolated compounds: 531, 2073, 3402, 4722, 4736,4762, 4763, 4765, 4787, 6140, 9812, 9961, 10558, 20718, 20719,20720, 20721, 20722, 20723, 20724, 20725, 20739, 20765, 20796,20800, 20803, 20811, 20822, 20823, 20833, 20834, 20835, 20836,20854, 22630.T6317 Taxus wallichiana (Taxaceae); XI MA LA YA HONG DOU SHAN;Himalayan Yew. Isolated compounds: 150, 337, 519, 4702, 4704, 4707,4783, 4784, 4801, 4802, 4803, 4808, 4851, 5478, 6315, 7046, 9811,9812, 9962, 20739, 20753, 20754, 20755, 20756, 20757, 20758,20811, 20812, 21028, 21161, 21533, 22630.T6318 Taxus x media (Taxaceae); ZA JIAO JIE ZHI HONG DOU SHAN;Media Yew (hybrid). Isolated compounds: 2235, 4706, 4710, 4724,4805, 4807, 4813, 6868, 14739, 20747, 20776, 20813, 20814, 20870.T6319 Taxus yunnanensis (Taxaceae); YUN NAN HONG DOU SHAN;Yunnan Yew. Isolated compounds: 129, 133, 176, 182, 257, 288, 293,328, 2073, 2073, 2075, 3980, 3983, 4636, 4637, 4638, 4639, 4704,4705, 4708, 4722, 4726, 4727, 4728, 4766, 4781, 4787, 4788, 4850,4855, 4979, 4980, 5145, 5289, 5348, 6884, 7028, 9626, 9627, 9628,9811, 9812, 10314, 10779, 10782, 11732, 19618, 20758, 20759, 20760,20761, 20762, 20763, 20764, 20765, 20766, 20767, 20786, 20787,20796, 20797, 20800, 20802, 20804, 20806, 20811, 20812, 20813,20815, 20816, 20824, 20840, 20850, 20851, 20869, 20871, 20874,20875, 20876, 20877, 20878, 20879, 20880, 20881, 20882, 20883,20884, 20885, 21515, 21529, 21686, 22336, 22846, 22853, 22939,22950, 22951, 22952.T6320 Teclea grandifolia (Rutaceae); DA YE YOU MU YUN XIANG.Isolated compounds: 20895.T6321 Teclea natalensis (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 20893, 20894.T6322 Teclea nobilis (Rutaceae); GAO GUI YOU MU YUN XIANG. Isolatedcompounds: 1267, 3547, 7808, 9227, 11733, 14620, 15638, 20892,20893.T6323 Teclea oubanguiensi (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 20895.T6324 Tecoma stans (Bignoniaceae); HUANG ZHONG HUA; FloridaYellowtrumpet. Isolated compounds: 582, 17513, 20896, 20898.T6325 Tectona grandis (Verbenaceae); YOU MU; Common Teak. Used part:

580stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To harmonize center and check vomiting,dispel wind and relieve itch. TCM Indications: Nausea and vomiting,wind papule itching. Isolated compounds: 967, 3615, 5188, 6015,10313, 12503, 14144.T6326 Telekia speciosa (Compositae); MEI LI TE LE JU. Used part: wholeherb. TCM Indications: Wind-damp. Isolated compounds: 1888, 11203,20906.T6327 Telitoxicum peruvianum . Isolated compounds: 15792.T6328 Tellima grandifolia (Saxifragaceae); XIN SHAO NA CAO; Fringecups.Isolated compounds: 7518, 20910.T6329 Telosma procumbens (Asclepiadaceae); WO JING YE LAI XIANG;Creeping Telosma. Isolated compounds: 20912, 20913, 20914, 20915,20916, 20917, 20918, 20919, 20920, 20921, 20922, 20923, 20924,20925, 20926, 20927, 20928, 20929.T6330 Tephroseris kirilowii [Syn. Senecio integrifolius var. fauriei](Asteraceae); GOU SHE CAO; Kirilow Groundsel Herb. Used part:herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit water, kill worms. TCMIndications: Nephritis with edema, open pus sore of lung, swollen boil,scab sore. Isolated compounds: 17546.T6331 Tephrosia aequilata (Fabaceae); KEN NI YA HUI YE; KenyaTephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 6349.T6332 Tephrosia calophylla (Fabaceae); MEI LI YE HUI MAO DOU;Beautiful-leaf Tephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 1935, 14465, 20964.T6333 Tephrosia crassifolia (Fabaceae); HOU YE HUI MAO DOU;Crassleaf Tephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 4212, 4213.T6334 Tephrosia elata (Fabaceae); GAO HUI MAO DOU; High Tephrosia*.Isolated compounds: 20965, 22637.T6335 Tephrosia hamiltonii (Fabaceae); HAN MI ER DUN HUI YE;Hamilton Tephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 18223.T6336 Tephrosia hildebrandtii (Fabaceae); XI SHI HUI MAO DOU;Hildebrandt Tephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 9540.T6337 Tephrosia noctiflora (Fabaceae); YE HUA HUI MAO DOU; LongInflorescence Tephrosia. Isolated compounds: 22158.T6338 Tephrosia purpurea (Fabaceae); HUI YE; Purple Tephrosia. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior and clear heat, dry dampand resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold, eczema,dermatitis. Isolated compounds: 1403, 1404, 18218, 18223.T6339 Tephrosia purpurea (Fabaceae); HUI YE GEN; Purple Tephrosia Root.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disperse stagnation,move qi and relieve pain, contract damp and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Indigestion, gastritis, abdominal distention, stomachache,eczema, dermatitis. Isolated compounds: 4872, 4898, 10421, 10680,14683, 17708, 18063, 18223, 18939, 20965, 21483.T6340 Tephrosia sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 4872, 10680.T6341 Tephrosia toxicaria (Fabaceae); DU HUI MAO DOU; ToxicTephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 1436, 2280, 2282, 3602, 5595, 8278,10430, 10741, 10741, 11504, 13097, 13571, 15887, 20485, 21483.T6342 Tephrosia tunicata (Fabaceae); BAO MO HUI MAO DOU; TunicateTephrosia*. Isolated compounds: 22110.T6343 Terminalia arborea (Combretaceae); QIAO MU ZHUANG LAN REN;Arboreous Terminalia*. Isolated compounds: 18202.T6344 Terminalia arjuna (Combretaceae); A JIANG LAN REN. Isolatedcompounds: 1733, 1734, 3303.T6345 Terminalia calamansanai (Combretaceae). Isolated compounds:17754.T6346 Terminalia chebula (Combretaceae); HE ZI; Medicine Terminalia.Equivalent plant: Terminalia chebula var. tomentella. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To constrain lung and astringe intestines, downbear fireand disinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Chronic diarrhea and dysentery,hematochezia, prolapse of rectum, cough and asthma due to lungvacuity, incessant cough, aphonia due to throat pain. Isolatedcompounds: 1732, 3318, 3490, 3493, 4055, 4968, 6757, 7441, 8095,8108, 16836, 18204, 18421, 19749, 20970, 20974, 20977, 21643.T6347 Terminalia chebula (Combretaceae); HE ZI YE; Medicine TerminaliaLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To precipitate qi and dispersephlegm, allay thirst, check dysentery. TCM Indications: Enduringcough and aphonia, chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery. Isolatedcompounds: 4968, 18421.T6348 Terminalia chebula var. tomentella (Combretaceae); WEI MAO HE ZI;Terminalia chebula var. tomentella. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: SeeTerminalia chebula. TCM Indications: See Terminalia chebula.Isolated compounds: 20975, 21273.T6349 Terminalia stuhlmannii (Combretaceae); A KA XI A LAN REN;Acacia Terminalia*. Isolated compounds: 10226.T6350 Ternstroemia japonica (Theaceae); RI BEN HOU PI XIANG;Japanese Cleyera. Isolated compounds: 5241, 18699, 20980, 20981,20982, 20983, 20984, 20985.T6351 Tessaria integriforia (Asteraceae); QUAN YUAN YE TE SA JU.Isolated compounds: 5415, 11094, 11095, 11096, 11097, 11098.T6352 Tetracentron sinense (Tetracentraceae); SHUI QING SHU;Tetracentron. Isolated compounds: 21035, 21036.T6353 Tetracera asiatica (Dilleniaceae); XI YE TENG; Asian Tetracera. Usedpart: root or leaf. TCM Effects: To promote contraction and stemdesertion, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Enteritis, dysentery, prolapse of rectum, emission, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 2052, 18679, 18682.T6354 Tetradium daniellii . Isolated compounds: 10053.T6355 Tetradymia glabrata (Asteraceae); GUANG SI SHI JU; LittleleafHorsebrush. Isolated compounds: 10238, 21051.T6356 Tetrapanax papyriferus (Araliaceae); TONG HUA GEN;Ricepaperplant Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat anddisinhibit urine, rectify qi and disperse food, quicken blood andpromote milk. TCM Indications: Edema, strangury syndrome, foodaccumulation distention and fullness, lump glomus, wind-dampimpediment pain, menstrual disorder, galactostasis. Isolatedcompounds: 14633, 16046, 16047, 18712.T6357 Tetrapanax papyriferus (Araliaceae); TONG TUO MU; Ricepaperplant.Used part: stem marrow. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibitwater, free milk. TCM Indications: Strangury with pain, inhibitedurination, edema, jaundice, damp-heat disease, short voidings ofreddish urine, postpartum scant milk, amenorrhea, Vaginal discharge.Isolated compounds: 1608, 16635, 16636, 16637, 16638, 16639,16640, 16641, 16642, 16643, 16644, 16645, 16646, 16647, 17917,17918.Tetraplodon bryoides = Tetraplodon mnioidesT6358 Tetraplodon mnioides [Syn. Tetraplodon bryoides; Splachnum

581mnioides] (Spalchnaceae); BING CHI XIAN. Used part: plant body.TCM Effects: To calm and quiet spirit. TCM Indications: Disquietedspirit-mind, palpitation, sleepless, epilepsy, wind stroke with loss ofspeech. Isolated compounds: 11532, 15980.T6359 Teucrium bidentatum (Lamiaceae); ER CHI XIANG KE KE;Twodenntate Germander. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects:To dispel wind, disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Common cold, headache, nasal congestion, dysentery, eczema, eczemaleukoplakia. Isolated compounds: 21223, 21228.T6360 Teucrium chamaedrys (Lamiaceae); SHI CAN XIANG KE KE;Chamaedrys Germander. Isolated compounds: 7124, 21214, 21215.T6361 Teucrium fruticans (Lamiaceae); GUAN CONG XIANG KE KE;Fluticose Germander*. Isolated compounds: 425, 4742, 7972, 10130,10131, 10132, 11430.Teucrium japonicum var. pilosum = Teucrium pilosumT6362 Teucrium marum (Lamiaceae); MA SHI XIANG KE KE; Cat Thyme.Isolated compounds: 6550.T6363 Teucrium montanum (Lamiaceae); SHAN XIANG KE KE; MontaneGermander*. Isolated compounds: 524, 14946.T6364 Teucrium orientale (Lamiaceae); DONG FANG XIANG KE KE;Oriental Germander. Isolated compounds: 4789, 10761, 21217, 21218,21219, 21220.T6365 Teucrium pilosum [Syn. Teucrium japonicum var. pilosum](Lamiaceae); CHANG MAO XIANG KE KE; Pilose Germander.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and effuseexterior, clear heat and resolve toxin, relieve itch. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, sore swollen throat, mumps, pulmonarywelling abscess, dysentery, lacquer sore, eczema, scab and lichen,wind papules [=rubella]. Isolated compounds: 21216, 21221.T6366 Teucrium polium (Lamiaceae); HUI BAI SHI CAN; NarrowleafGermander. Isolated compounds: 486, 21226, 21227.T6367 Teucrium quadrifarium (Lamiaceae); TIE ZHOU CAO; FourfileGermander. Used part: whole herb, root or leaf. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and resolve summerheat, disinhibit damp and disperseswelling, cool blood and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-heatcommon cold, summerheat stroke and anidrosis, lung heat coughasthma, pulmonary welling abscess, heat toxin dysentery, edema,wind-damp pain, taxation damage, blood ejection, hematochezia,mammary welling abscess, innominate toxin swelling, wind papules,eczema, knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury, poisonoussnake bite, bee sting. Isolated compounds: 21229.T6368 Teucrium scordium (Lamiaceae); SUAN WEI XIANG KE KE;Garlicsmell Germander*. Isolated compounds: 524, 525, 10762,21213.T6369 Teucrium scorodonia (Lamiaceae); LIN SHI CAN; Wood Sage.Isolated compounds: 12420.T6370 Teucrium tomentosum (Lamiaceae); RONG MAO XIANG KE KE;Tomentose Germander. Isolated compounds: 525, 5342, 10762, 14946,21213, 21222, 21224.T6371 Teucrium viscidum var. miquelianum (Lamiaceae); MAN HUOXIANG. Isolated compounds: 21224.T6372 Thalictrum acutifolium (Ranunculaceae); JIAN YE TANG SONGCAO; Sharpleaf Meadowrue. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: See Thalictrum faberi. TCM Indications: See Thalictrumfaberi. Isolated compounds: 596, 14484, 21888.T6373 Thalictrum alpinum (Ranunculaceae); GAO SHAN TANG SONGCAO; Alpine Meadowrue. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects:To clear heat and drain fire, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Headacheand red eyes, diarrhea, dysentery, sores. Isolated compounds: 15787,21251, 21259, 21268, 21269.T6374 Thalictrum atriplex (Ranunculaceae); XIA XU TANG SONG CAO;Narrowraceme Meadowrue. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool liver, check dysentery. TCMIndications: Swelling and toxin of sore and welling abscess, damp-heatjaundice, dysentery, conjunctivitis. Isolated compounds: 930, 2300,2303, 4032, 4290, 9441, 11736, 11851, 16439, 16555, 17983, 21253.T6375 Thalictrum baicalense (Ranunculaceae); BEI JIA ER TANG SONGCAO; Baikal Meadowrue. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects:See Thalictrum foliolosum. TCM Indications: See Thalictrumfoliolosum. Isolated compounds: 8513, 13374, 19983.T6376 Thalictrum cultratum (Ranunculaceae); GAO YUAN TANG SONGCAO; Highland Meadowrue. Used part: rhizome and root. TCMEffects: See Thalictrum foliolosum. TCM Indications: See Thalictrumfoliolosum. Isolated compounds: 21246, 21248, 21265.T6377 Thalictrum dasycarpum (Ranunculaceae); CU GUO TANG SONGCAO; Purple Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 4121, 12561, 13374,21239, 21251.T6378 Thalictrum delavayi (Ranunculaceae); PIAN CHI TANG SONG CAO;Delavay Meadowrue. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and dry damp, drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, jaundice, leukorrhea, wind-firetoothache, red eyes with gall, toxin swelling of sores. Isolatedcompounds: 18057.T6379 Thalictrum dioicum (Ranunculaceae); YI XING TANG SONG CAO;Early Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 16816, 21239.T6380 Thalictrum elegans (Ranunculaceae); XIAO YE TANG SONG CAO;Small-leaf Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 21187.T6381 Thalictrum faberi (Ranunculaceae); DA YE TANG SONG CAO; FaberMeadowrue. Equivalent plant: Thalictrum acutifolium, Thalictrumfortunei. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat,drain fire, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Dysentery, diarrhea, redeyes with gall, damp-heat jaundice. Isolated compounds: 930, 2300,2303, 4032, 4290, 9441, 11736, 11851, 16439, 16555, 17983, 21235,21251, 21253, 21261.T6382 Thalictrum fargesii (Ranunculaceae); CHENG KOU TANG SONGCAO; Farges Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 21251.T6383 Thalictrum fendleri (Ranunculaceae); FEN SHI TANG SONG CAO;Fendler’s Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 9441, 14251, 21253.T6384 Thalictrum filamentosum (Ranunculaceae); HUA TANG SONG CAO;Filamentary Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 21246.T6385 Thalictrum flavum (Ranunculaceae); HUANG TANG SONG CAO;Maidenhair Meadowrue. Used part: rhizome and root. TCM Effects:See Thalictrum foliolosum. TCM Indications: See Thalictrumfoliolosum. Isolated compounds: 21239.T6386 Thalictrum foetidum (Ranunculaceae); XIANG TANG SONG CAO;Tibetan Meadowrue. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To

582clear heat and dry damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heatdysentery, jaundice, red eyes with gall, swollen welling abscess, soreand boil, wind-damp-heat impediment. Isolated compounds: 4492,4680, 7793, 8513, 9235, 11256, 11736, 13374, 13836, 19087, 21235,21236, 21252, 21267.T6387 Thalictrum foliolosum (Ranunculaceae); MA WEI LIAN; ManyleafMeadowrue. Equivalent plant: Thalictrum baicalense, Thalictrumflavum, Thalictrum cultratum, Thalictrum glandulosissimum. Usedpart: rhizome and root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp,drain fire and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Influenza, fever inchildren, common cold with fever, measles papules, malaria,damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, jaundice, red eyes with gall. Isolatedcompounds: 930, 2300, 2303, 3934, 4032, 4290, 9441, 11736, 11851,13374, 15787, 16439, 16441, 16555, 17983, 18655, 21234, 21253,21254, 21263, 21268, 21269, 22771.T6388 Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae); HUA DONG TANG SONGCAO; Fortune Meadowrue. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects:See Thalictrum faberi. TCM Indications: See Thalictrum faberi.Isolated compounds: 8626, 8627, 8628, 8629, 21256.T6389 Thalictrum glandulosissimum (Ranunculaceae); JIN SI MA WEILIAN; Gold-enthread Meadowrue. Used part: rhizome and root. TCMEffects: See Thalictrum foliolosum. TCM Indications: See Thalictrumfoliolosum. Isolated compounds: 930, 2300, 2303, 4032, 4290, 9441,11736, 11851, 16439, 16555, 17983, 21253.T6390 Thalictrum glaucum (Ranunculaceae); LV TANG SONG CAO;Glaucous Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 21257.T6391 Thalictrum hernandezii (Ranunculaceae); HE SHI TANG SONG CAO;Hernandez Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 9441.T6392 Thalictrum honanenae (Ranunculaceae); HE NAN TANG SONG CAO;Honan Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 631, 11851, 21254.T6393 Thalictrum ichangense [Syn. Thalictrum tripeltatum; Thalictrummultipeltatum] (Ranunculaceae); DUN YE TANG SONG CAO;Peltateleaf Meadowrue. Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects:To clear heat and resolve toxin, dry damp. TCM Indications:Damp-heat jaundice, damp-heat dysentery, infant fright wind, red eyeswith gall, erysipelas wandering wind, goose-mouth sore, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 21246, 21259.T6394 Thalictrum incidum (Ranunculaceae); XIA YE TANG SONG CAO;Narrowleaf Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 15881.T6395 Thalictrum isopyroides (Ranunculaceae); ZI JIN YE TANG SONGCAO; Corydalisleaf Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 21263.T6396 Thalictrum longistylum (Ranunculaceae); CHANG ZHU TANGSONG CAO; Longstyle Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 5100.T6397 Thalictrum lucidum (Ranunculaceae); TOU MING TANG SONGCAO; Lucid Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 1769, 9597, 11851,15881, 15885, 16439, 21240, 21251, 21257, 21270.T6398 Thalictrum microgynum (Ranunculaceae); XIAO GUO TANG SONGCAO; Smallfruit Meadowrue. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Yellowswelling in whole body, yellow eyes, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 930, 2300, 2303, 4032, 4290, 8513, 9441, 11736, 11851,16414, 16439, 16555, 17983, 21246, 21253.T6399 Thalictrum minus (Ranunculaceae); XIAO TANG SONG CAO; LowMeadowrue. Isolated compounds: 1667, 13374, 14756, 15881, 20649,21235, 21237, 21238, 21240, 21243, 21251, 21257, 21260, 21261,21266, 21268, 21270.T6400 Thalictrum minus var. adiantifolium (Ranunculaceae); TIE XIAN JUEYE TANG SONG CAO; Maidenhair-like Meadowrue*. Isolatedcompounds: 631, 15787, 21255.T6401 Thalictrum minus var. hypoleucum (Ranunculaceae); DONG YATANG SONG CAO. Isolated compounds: 13374.Thalictrum multipeltatum = Thalictrum ichangenseT6402 Thalictrum omeiense (Ranunculaceae); E MEI TANG SONG CAO;Omei Meadowrue. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heatand resolve toxin, dry damp, interrupt malaria. TCM Indications:Damp-heat jaundice, abdominal pain and diarrhea, red eyes with gall,malaria with chills and fever. Isolated compounds: 13836, 21265.T6403 Thalictrum petaloideum (Ranunculaceae); BAN RUI TANG SONGCAO; Petalformed Meadowrue. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: To clear heat, dry damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Damp-heat diarrhea dysentery, jaundice, lung heat cough, red eyeswith gall, swelling welling abscess and sore and boil, exudativedermatitis Isolated compounds: 930, 2300, 2303, 4032, 4290, 9441,11736, 11851, 16439, 16555, 17983, 21253.T6404 Thalictrum podocarpum (Ranunculaceae); BING GUO TANG SONGCAO; Stalkedfruit Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 5100, 5260,9441, 21253, 21257.T6405 Thalictrum polygamum (Ranunculaceae); ZA XING TANG SONGCAO; Tall Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 2304, 16816, 21239,21257, 21266.T6406 Thalictrum revolutum (Ranunculaceae); WAI JUAN TANG SONGCAO; Waxy Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 16816, 21239, 21251,21257, 21266, 21268.T6407 Thalictrum rugosum (Ranunculaceae); ZOU WEN TANG SONG CAO;Rugose Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 1667, 4121, 9597, 15787,15885, 21234, 21251, 21257, 21263, 21266, 21268, 21269, 21270.T6408 Thalictrum sessile (Ranunculaceae); WU BING TANG SONG CAO;Javan Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 21245.T6409 Thalictrum simplex [Syn. Thalictrum simplex var. brevipes](Ranunculaceae); YING SHUI HUANG LIAN; Slim-top Meadowrue.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,disinhibit damp and abate jaundice. TCM Indications: Jaundice,dysentery, lung heat cough, red eyes with gall, gan of nose. Isolatedcompounds: 930, 2300, 2303, 4032, 4290, 9441, 11736, 11851, 16439,16555, 17983, 21234, 21241, 21242, 21246, 21249, 21253, 21262.Thalictrum simplex var. brevipes = Thalictrum simplexT6410 Thalictrum smithii (Ranunculaceae); BIAN ZHU TANG SONG CAO;Smith Meadowrue. Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To clear heatand dry damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Abdominal pain anddiarrhea, dizziness. Isolated compounds: 4467.T6411 Thalictrum sp. (Ranunculaceae). Isolated compounds: 21264.T6412 Thalictrum squarrosum (Ranunculaceae); ZHAN ZHI TANG SONGCAO; Spreading Meadowrue*. Used part: root and rhizome (or wholeherb). TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, inhibit acid. TCMIndications: Acute conjunctivitis, infective hepatitis, dysentery,stomach disease and acid vomiting. Isolated compounds: 21251.

583T6413 Thalictrum strictum (Ranunculaceae); BI ZHI TANG SONG CAO;Strict Meadowrue*. Isolated compounds: 21246.T6414 Thalictrum thunbergii (Ranunculaceae); YAN GUO CAO; East-AsiaLow Meadowrue. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, dry damp. TCM Indications: Pertussis, toothache,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore, acute dermitis, eczema.Isolated compounds: 930, 1492, 1667, 2300, 2303, 4032, 4290, 9441,9597, 11736, 11851, 13374, 14756, 16439, 16555, 17983, 20649,21240, 21244, 21247, 21248, 21253.Thalictrum tripeltatum = Thalictrum ichangenseT6415 Thalictrum urbainii (Ranunculaceae); TAI WAN TANG SONG CAO;Taiwan Meadowrue. Isolated compounds: 11344.T6416 Thamnolia vermicularis (Thamnoliaceae); XUE CHA; VermiculateThamnolia Thallus. Used part: lichen body. TCM Effects: To clearheat and allay thirst, arouse spirit. TCM Indications: Summerheatstroke, vexation and thirst, lung heat cough, yin vacuity tidal fever,epilepsy, insomnia, eye diseases. Isolated compounds: 1596, 20238,21271, 21272, 22402.T6417 Thamnolia vermicularis var. subuliformis (Thamnoliaceae); Lichen.Isolated compounds: 2101.T6418 Thamnosma rhodesica (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 2833, 3856,8985, 10465, 11001, 11601, 13571, 18784, 19077.T6419 Thapsia garganica (Asteraceae); DU HU LUO BO; Deadly Carrot.Isolated compounds: 15811, 21279.T6420 Thelephora aurantiotincta (Thelephoraceae); JIN HUANG GE JUN;Goldenyellow Thelephore*. Isolated compounds: 2000, 8132, 8133,9818, 14150, 21293, 21294, 21295, 21296, 21297, 21298, 21299,21300, 21307.T6421 Thelephora terrestris (Thelephoraceae); LU SHENG GE JUN;Terrestrial Thelephore*. Isolated compounds: 20386, 21002, 21003,21006, 21007, 21008, 21009, 21010, 21011, 21012.T6422 Thelephora vialis (Thelephoraceae); LIAN ZUO GE JUN; VaseThelephore. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, hypertonicity of sinews andvessels. Isolated compounds: 12598, 13790, 13791, 13792.T6423 Theobroma cacao (Sterculiaceae); KE KE; Cocoa. Used part: seed.TCM Effects: To warm yang, disinhibit urine, raise spirit. Isolatedcompounds: 1562, 1564, 3551, 6863, 8051, 17876, 17888, 19198,21310.T6424 Thermopsis alpina (Fabaceae); GAO SHAN HUANG HUA; AlplneThermopsis. Used part: flower and fruit. TCM Effects: To extinguishwind and settle fright. TCM Indications: Rabid dog bite. Isolatedcompounds: 4594, 21318.T6425 Thermopsis alternifolia (Fabaceae); HU SHENG YE YE JUE MING;Alternateleaf Thermopsis*. Isolated compounds: 4594.T6426 Thermopsis chinensis (Fabaceae); XIAO YE YE JUE MING; ChineseThermopsis. Used part: root or seed. TCM Effects: To clear heat andbrighten eyes. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall. Isolatedcompounds: 4594.T6427 Thermopsis cinerea (Fabaceae); HUI HUANG HUA; CinereousThermopsis*. Isolated compounds: 15972.T6428 Thermopsis lanceolata (Fabaceae); MU MA DOU; LanceleafThermopsis. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To relieve coughand dispel phlegm, moisten intestines and free stool. TCM Indications:Cough of phlegm asthma, dry stool. Isolated compounds: 329, 1134,1672, 4594, 7900, 13089, 18819, 20133, 21317, 21318.T6429 Thermopsis lupinoides (Fabaceae); YE JUE MING; Wild Thermopsis.Used part: whole herb and seed. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin anddisperse swelling, dispel phlegm and promote vomiting. TCMIndications: Malign sore, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 4594,16494, 21318.T6430 Thermopsis spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004, 16209.T6431 Thesium chinense (Santalaceae); BAI RUI CAO; ChineseBastardtoadflax. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disinhibit damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-heat commoncold, summerheat stroke, pulmonary welling abscess, nipple moth,scrofula, mammary welling abscess, swollen boil, strangury syndrome,jaundice, lumbago, emission. Isolated compounds: 12020, 20444.T6432 Thespesia populnea [Syn. Hibiscus populneus] (Malvaceae); YANGYE XIAO JIN; Portiatree. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain,eliminate inflammation and disperse swelling (leaf), enrich andsupplement (root). TCM Indications: Meningitis, dysentery,hemorrhoids, painful swollen testes, scab and lichen; bark: dysentery,hemorrhoids, skin diseases. Isolated compounds: 13513, 13514, 13515,13516, 21320, 21321.T6433 Thevetia neriifolia [Syn. Thevetia peruviana] (Apocynaceae); HUANGHUA JIA ZHU TAO; Yellow Oleander. Used part: seed. TCM Effects:To strengthen heart, disinhibit urine and disperse edema. TCMIndications: Cardiac failure, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,paroxysmal fibrillation. Isolated compounds: 2556, 3416, 3417, 12019,12046, 12093, 13100, 13418, 15494, 16587, 16996, 16999, 17000,17001, 17002, 17003, 18354, 18362, 18363, 18395, 19090, 20088,20148, 21322, 21323, 21324, 21325, 21326, 21327, 22426.Thevetia peruviana = Thevetia neriifoliaT6434 Thichothecium roseum . Isolated compounds: 21577.T6435 Thladiantha cordifolia (Cucurbitaceae); XIN YE CHI BO; HeartleafTubergourd. Used part: root and fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, fortify stomach and relieve pain (root), disperse swelling(fruit). Isolated compounds: 5649, 21335, 22842.T6436 Thlaspi arvense (Brassicaceae); XI MING; Boor’s Mustard. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibitwater and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Red eyes with gall,pulmonary welling abscess, diarrhea, dysentery, leukorrhea,postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, indigestion, nephritis withedema, cirrhosis with ascites, swelling toxin of welling abscess andsore. Isolated compounds: 19935.T6437 Thlaspi arvense (Brassicaceae); XI MING ZI; Boor’s Mustard Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To brighten eyes, dispel wind-damp.TCM Indications: Sore red swollen eyes and tearing, wind-dampimpediment pain. Isolated compounds: 14336, 19935.T6438 Thuja occidentalis (Cupressaceae); BEI MEI YA BAI; EasternArborvitae. Isolated compounds: 1372, 1373, 1394, 1395, 5543, 7751,15412, 21350.T6439 Thuja orientalis [Syn. Platycladus orientalis; Biota orientalis]

584(Cupressaceae); CE BAI ZHI JIE; Chinese Arborvitae Branch. Usedpart: branchlet. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,resolve toxin and cure sores. TCM Indications: Wind impediment,joint running wind, cholera cramp, gum swelling and pain. Isolatedcompounds: 2396, 2397, 3466, 4368, 4369, 4370, 4371, 4372, 4374,4375, 4392, 4894, 5924, 11255, 11256, 11357, 13625, 21351, 22656,22659, 22660, 22661.T6440 Thuja orientalis [Syn. Platycladus orientalis; Biota orientalis](Cupressaceae); CE BAI YE; Chinese Arborvitae Leaf. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding, relieve cough anddispel phlegm, dispel wind-damp, dissipate toxin swelling. TCMIndications: Hemoptysis, duodenal bleeding, chronic bronchitis,tuberculosis, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria,hematochezia, blood dysentery, incessant flooding and spotting, coughwith profuse phlegm, wind-damp impediment pain, erysipelas,epidemic parotitis, scalds, burns. Isolated compounds: 1030, 1764,3241, 3242, 4376, 6333, 7751, 9543, 10656, 11358, 11594, 11596,11598, 11600, 12062, 12455, 15170, 15184, 15664, 16366, 17422,17423, 18317, 18411, 21350, 22492.T6441 Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae); BEI MEI XIANG BAI; WesternArborvitae. Isolated compounds: 17561, 21347, 21348.T6442 Thuja standishii (Cupressaceae); RI BEN XIANG BAI JING PI;Japanese Arborviate Stem-bark. Isolated compounds: 7764, 11358,16367, 16368, 19236, 20465.T6443 Thujopsis dolobrata (Cupressaceae); LUO HAN BAI; BroadleafArborvitae Hiba. Isolated compounds: 1372, 17876.T6444 Thunbergia grandiflora (Acanthaceae); DA HUA SHAN QIAN NIU;Bengal Clockvine. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To resolvetoxin and disperse swelling, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Knocks and falls, fracture, sore and boil, snake bite.Isolated compounds: 1493.T6445 Thunbergia laurifolia (Acanthaceae); TAI GUO SHAN QIAN NIU;Thailand Clockvine (Raang-Chuet). Isolated compounds: 6927, 8733.T6446 Thymbra spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6162, 21709.T6447 Thymus longiflorus (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 15440.T6448 Thymus magnus (Lamiaceae); CHAO XIAN DA BAI LI XIANG;Korean Big Thyme*. Isolated compounds: 3048, 3231, 4550, 20990,21360.T6449 Thymus piperella (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6162.T6450 Thymus quinquecostatus (Lamiaceae); WU MAI BAI LI XIANG;Fiveribbed Thyme. Isolated compounds: 3048, 3231, 4550, 20990,21360.T6451 Thymus satureioide (Lamiaceae); TA HUA BAI LI XIANG. Isolatedcompounds: 21709.T6452 Thymus serpyllum (Lamiaceae); BAI LI XIANG; Breckland Thyme.Isolated compounds: 1476, 20995, 21360.T6453 Thymus spp. (Lamiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22768.T6454 Thymus vulgaris (Lamiaceae); SHE XIANG CAO; Thyme. Used part:herb. TCM Effects: To suppress cough and dispel wind. TCMIndications: Pertussis, acute bronchitis, pharyngolaryngitis. Isolatedcompounds: 2550, 2555, 2887, 3231, 3241, 3242, 3683, 3741, 7522,9528, 10268, 10269, 10270, 12420, 12850, 13745, 13746, 13749,13755, 14509, 14510, 14597, 14598, 20992, 20995, 21344, 21360,21362, 21365, 21366, 22467.T6455 Tibouchina semidecandra (Melastomataceae); Glory Bush. Isolatedcompounds: 15641, 15642, 17754.T6456 Tilia alburnum (Tiliaceae); BAI DUAN; White Linden*. Isolatedcompounds: 12018.T6457 Tilia japonica (Tiliaceae); HUA DONG DUAN; Japanese Linden.Used part: flower. TCM Effects: See Tilia miqueliana. TCMIndications: See Tilia miqueliana. Isolated compounds: 21391.T6458 Tilia miqueliana (Tiliaceae); PU TI SHU HUA; Miquel Linden.Equivalent plant: Tilia japonica. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: Tosettle tetany, calm, effuse sweat and abate fever. TCM Indications:Wind-cold common cold, headache and generalized pain, frightepilepsy. Isolated compounds: 7734.T6459 Tilia sp. (Tiliaceae). Isolated compounds: 5613.T6460 Tilia spp. (Tiliaceae). Isolated compounds: 17399, 21392.T6461 Tilia vulgaris (Tiliaceae); DUAN SHU; Common Lime. Isolatedcompounds: 20237.T6462 Tinospora baenzigeri (Menispermaceae). Isolated compounds: 2098,2099, 2100.T6463 Tinospora capillipes (Menispermaceae); JIN GUO LAN; HairystalkTinospora. Used part: root. TCM Effects: See Tinospora sagittata.TCM Indications: See Tinospora sagittata. Isolated compounds: 3934,3939, 16555.T6464 Tinospora cordifolia (Menispermaceae); XIN XING YE QING NIUDAN; Cardialeaf Tinospora*. Isolated compounds: 1084, 1085, 1086,1087.T6465 Tinospora craveniana (Menispermaceae); JIANG XI QING NIU DAN;Jiangxi Tinospora*. Isolated compounds: 6680.T6466 Tinospora hainanensis (Menispermaceae); HAI NAN QING NIUDAN; Hainan Tinospora. Isolated compounds: 3747, 6219, 11851,14748.T6467 Tinospora sagittata (Menispermaceae); QING NIU DAN;Arrowshaped Tinospora. Equivalent plant: Tinospora capillipes. Usedpart: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibitthroat, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, wellingabscess and flat abscess with clove sore, diarrhea, dysentery, heat painin stomach duct and abdomen. Isolated compounds: 3939, 11338,20321, 21398.T6468 Tinospora sinensis (Menispermaceae); ZHONG HUA QING NIUDAN; Chinese Tinospora*. Used part: stem. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and relieve pain, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels.TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, taxation damage inlumbar muscle, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 10949, 11480,17419, 17922, 20669, 21399, 21400, 21401.T6469 Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae); ZHONG BIN JU; Yucatan Tithonia.Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Acute gastroenteritis, toxin swelling of sores Isolatedcompounds: 175, 216, 240, 1438, 1439, 1440, 5898, 6064, 7204,10769, 15926, 20609, 20610, 20611, 21410.T6470 Tithonia tagiliflora (Asteraceae); MO XI GE XIANG RI KUI;Mexican Sunflower. Isolated compounds: 16205, 20612.Toddalia aculeata = Toddalia asiaticaT6471 Toddalia asiatica [Syn. Toddalia aculeata; Paullinia asiatica]

585(Rutaceae); FEI LONG ZHANG XUE; AsiaticToddalia. Used part:root or root cortex. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and relieve pain,stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications: Wind-dampPain, stomachache, knocks and falls, blood ejection, spontaneousexternal bleeding, knife wound, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea. Isolatedcompounds: 588, 3498, 3499, 3768, 5558, 6068, 6454, 7521, 11601,14824, 16443, 17375, 18881, 20002, 21169, 21418, 21423, 21822,21832.T6472 Toddalia spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T6473 Toddaliopsis bremekampii (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 21419,21420, 21421, 21422.T6474 Toona ciliata (Meliaceae); HONG CHUN; Burma Toon. Used part:root cortex. TCM Effects: To clear heat and dry damp, promoteastriction, kill worms. TCM Indications: Chronic diarrhea, chronicdysentery, intestinal wind bleeding, flooding and spotting, vaginaldischarge, emission, white turbidity, gan accumulation, ascariasis, soreand lichen. Isolated compounds: 290, 8316, 21446.T6475 Toona sinensis (Meliaceae); CHUN BAI PI; Chinese Toon Root-bast.Used part: bark or root cortex. TCM Effects: To eliminate heat and drydamp, astringe intestines and stanch bleeding, kill worms. TCMIndications: Chronic dysentery, chronic diarrhea, intestinal windbleeding, flooding and spotting, vaginal discharge, emission, whiteturbidity, gan accumulation, ascariasis, sore and lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 21448.T6476 Torilis japonica (Apiaceae); HUA NAN HE SHI; JapaneseHedgeparsley. Used part: fruit or whole herb. TCM Effects: To killworms, check diarrhea, contract damp and relieve itch. TCMIndications: Abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, diarrhea anddysentery, ulcerating sores, pudendal itch and vaginal discharge,wind-damp papules. Isolated compounds: 21456, 21457.T6477 Torreya grandis (Taxaceae); FEI SHU; Torreya*. Used part:branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp. TCMIndications: Wind-damp sore toxin. Isolated compounds: 5948, 21462,21463, 21464.T6478 Torreya jackii (Taxaceae); CHANG YE FEI SHU; Jack Torreya. Usedpart: branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To lower blood pressure, anticancer.TCM Indications: Hypertension. Isolated compounds: 16649.T6479 Torreya yunnanensis (Taxaceae); YUN NAN FEI SHU; YunnanTorreya. Isolated compounds: 1030, 2125, 7996, 9970, 13783, 17418,17419, 19514, 20107, 21465.T6480 Tournefortia sarmentosa (Boraginaceae); ZI DAN TENG; TaiwanTournefortia*. Isolated compounds: 11694, 12420, 12925, 19201,19206, 21477, 21478, 21479, 21480.Toxicadendron verniciflum = Rhus vernicifluaT6481 Toxicodendron radicans (Anacardiaceae); DU QI TENG; Poison Ivy.Isolated compounds: 22274.T6482 Toxicodendron succedaneum [Syn. Rhus succedanea] (Anacardiaceae);LIN BEI ZI; Field Lacquertree. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: Tostanch bleeding and dissipate stasis, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Hemoptysis, blood ejection, bleeding due to external injury, poisonoussnake bite. Isolated compounds: 1030, 1497, 5613, 5614, 6535, 6719,7802, 9376, 9383, 9386, 9543, 12428.T6483 Trachelospermum asiaticum (Apocynaceae); RI BEN LUO SHI;Japanese Star Jasmine*. Isolated compounds: 15806, 20433, 21493.T6484 Trachelospermum jasminoides (Apocynaceae); LUO SHI TENG;Chinese Star Jasmine. Used part: leafy stem. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and free network vessels, cool blood and disperse swelling. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, hypertonicity of sinews andvessels, aching in lumbus and knees, throat impediment, swollenwelling abscess, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 1490, 1497,1623, 4615, 10937, 13144, 13145, 15807, 15808, 15809, 21491,21492, 21493, 22597, 22602.T6485 Trachycarpus fortunei (Arecaceae); ZONG LV PI; FortuneWindmillpalm. Used part: petiole and fibre of sheath. TCM Effects: Topromote contraction and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, hematuria, hematochezia,flooding, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 3308,5763, 8095, 9818, 14699, 17968.T6486 Trachycarpus wagnerianus (Arecaceae); WA SHI ZONG LV; WagnerWindmill Palm. Isolated compounds: 18056.T6487 Trachyrhamphus serratus CU WEN HAI LONG. Isolated compounds:5674.T6488 Trachyspermum ammi (Apiaceae); A YU WEI; Ajowan. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold and relieve pain, resolve toxinand disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, indigestion, vomiting nausea, diarrhea, cold mounting,dysmenorrhea, urethral stone, swelling pain of sore and boil. Isolatedcompounds: 21360.T6489 Tragopogon porrifolius (Asteraceae); SUAN YE PO LUO MENSHEN; Salsify. Used part: root and leaf. TCM Effects: To fortifyspleen and boost qi. TCM Indications: Weakness during convalescence,child gan accumulation, tinea capitis. Isolated compounds: 3175, 6108,14723, 19562, 21357, 21500.T6490 Tragopogon sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 2455, 20505.T6491 Trametes cinnabarina [Syn. Polyporus cinnabarinus; Boletuscinnabarinus] (Polyporaceae); HONG SHUAN JUN; Cinnabar-red.Equivalent plant: Pycnoporus sanguineus. Used part: sporocarp. TCMEffects: To resolve toxin and eliminate damp, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Dysentery, swelling pain in throat, knocks and falls,welling abscess and boil, itchy papules, bleeding due to external injury.Isolated compounds: 21501.T6492 Trapa bispinosa (Trapaceae); LING; Singharanut. Used part: pulp.TCM Effects: To clear summerheat heat, eliminate vexation and allaythirst, boost qi and fortify spleen, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Spleen vacuity diarrhea, summerheat-heat vexation and thirst, diabetesmellitus, dysentery, drunkenness. Isolated compounds: 61, 5720, 7247,19057.T6493 Trattinickia rhoifolia . Isolated compounds: 7494.T6494 Trema dielsiana (Ulmaceae); SHAN YOU MA; Diels Trema. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To relieve pain, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Boil. Isolated compounds: 9235.T6495 Trewin nudiflora (Euphorbiaceae); HUA TAO SHU. Isolatedcompounds: 5728.T6496 Tribulus pentandrus (Zygophyllaceae); WU XIONG RUI JI LI;Penta-androus Caltrap*. Isolated compounds: 16877, 16878, 16879,16880, 16881, 16882, 16883.

586T6497 Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae); CI JI LI; Puncturevine Caltrap.Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dissipate wind and brighten eyes,precipitate qi and move blood. TCM Indications: Headache, itchy body,red eyes and eye screen, convulsion, fullness in chest, cough andcounterflow, concretion and conglomeration, difficult lactation,welling abscess and flat abscess, scrofula. Isolated compounds: 5250,6437, 7788, 8458, 8459, 8633, 8634, 8968, 9234, 9235, 15525, 17975,19070, 20218, 21000, 21001, 21004, 21005, 21013, 21014, 21015,21016, 21017, 21546, 21547, 21548.T6498 Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae); JI LI GEN; Puncturevine CaltrapRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To secure teeth. TCM Indications:Toothache. Isolated compounds: 3552, 8457, 9236, 19070.T6499 Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae); JI LI MIAO; PuncturevineCaltrap Shoot*. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind,eliminate damp, relieve itch, disperse welling abscess. TCMIndications: Summerheat-damp damage center, vomiting and diarrhea,nasal congestion and runny nose, wind papule itching of skin, scab andlichen, swollen welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 19087.T6500 Trichilia prieuriana (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 14924, 17852.T6501 Trichocline reptans . Isolated compounds: 418.T6502 Trichocolea mollissima (Trichocoleaceae); JI RUAN RONG TAI.Isolated compounds: 5922, 10255.T6503 Trichoderma virida LV SE MU MEI. Isolated compounds: 21559.T6504 Tricholoma matsutake [Syn. Armillaria matsutake] (Tricholomataceae);SONG XUN; Pine Mushroom. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: Tosoothe channels and quicken network vessels, rectify qi and transformphlegm, disinhibit damp and transform turbidity. TCM Indications:Pain in lumbus and legs, incessant urinary turbidity, numbness inlimbs, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, abundant phlegm andshortness of breath. Isolated compounds: 6900, 7250, 11532, 13608,14245, 15983, 21106, 22558.T6505 Tricholoma muscarium (Tricholomataceae). Isolated compounds:21562.T6506 Tricholoma saponaceum (Tricholomataceae); ZAO WEI KOU MO.Isolated compounds: 19321, 19322, 19323, 19324, 19325, 19326,19327, 19328, 19329, 19330.Trichomanes strigosa = Microlepia strigosaT6507 Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Cucurbitaceae); WANG GUA; JapaneseSnakegourd. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To eliminate heat,engender liquid, dispel stasis, promote lactation. TCM Indications:Diabetes mellitus, jaundice, dysphagia-occlusion and stomach reflux,amenorrhea, scant breast milk, swollen welling abscess, chronicpharyngolaryngitis. Isolated compounds: 12018, 20168.T6508 Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Cucurbitaceae); WANG GUA ZI;Japanese Snakegourd Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clearheat and disinhibit damp, cool blood and stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Lung wilting, jaundice, dysentery, intestinal windbleeding. Isolated compounds: 5352, 9069, 17425, 21576.T6509 Trichosanthes hupehensis (Cucurbitaceae); HU BEI GUA LOU;Hupeh Snakegourd. Isolated compounds: 2687.T6510 Trichosanthes kirilowii (Cucurbitaceae); GUA LOU; MongolianSnakegourd. Equivalent plant: Trichosanthes rosthornii. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve phlegm, loosen chest anddissipate binds, moisten dryness and lubricate intestines. TCMIndications: Angina pectoris, lung heat cough, chest impediment,diabetes mellitus, acute mastitis, constipation, swelling toxin ofwelling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 1048, 2687, 3039, 3040,3138, 4317, 9486, 12165, 12166, 12569, 12800, 12891, 12893, 15203,15684, 16315, 16362, 16561, 16831, 19231, 19232, 19980, 20168,20280, 20344, 20345, 20357, 20360, 20369, 21576, 22332.T6511 Trichosanthes kirilowii (Cucurbitaceae); GUA LOU ZI; MongolianSnakegourd Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To clear lung andtransform phlegm, lubricate intestines and free stool. TCM Indications:Phlegm-heat cough, lung vacuity dry cough, intestinal dry andconstipation, swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolatedcompounds: 21576.T6512 Trichosanthes kirilowii (Cucurbitaceae); TIAN HUA FEN; MongolianSnakegourd Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat andengender liquid, disperse swelling and expel pus. TCM Indications:Febrile diseases thirst, lung heat dry cough, diabetes mellitus due tointernal heat, toxin swelling of sores, induce abortion. Isolatedcompounds: 1048, 2687, 3774, 9486, 10521, 12891, 12893, 20169,20367.T6513 Trichosanthes rosthornii [Syn. Trichosanthes uniflora] (Cucurbitaceae);SHUANG BIAN GUA LOU; Rosthorn Snakegourd. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: See Trichosanthes kirilowii. TCM Indications: SeeTrichosanthes kirilowii. Isolated compounds: 3138, 3434, 9363, 9366,9368, 12569, 12891, 12893, 13687, 14043, 14931, 14944, 15203,15660, 15684, 16561, 16831, 20280, 20367, 20368, 21575, 21589.T6514 Trichosanthes tricuspidata (Cucurbitaceae); SAN YING JIAN GUALOU; Tri-hard-tip Snakegourd*. Isolated compounds: 4325, 4326,4539, 4540, 4541, 12208, 12209, 12210, 12211, 12212, 12213, 12214,12215, 12216, 12217, 12218, 12219.Trichosanthes uniflora = Trichosanthes rosthorniiT6515 Trichurus terrophilus (imperfect fungi); MAO SHU MEI. Isolatedcompounds: 18549, 18550, 21579, 21580, 21581, 21582, 21583,21584, 21585, 21586, 21587, 21588.Tricomanes japonicum = Onychium japonicumT6516 Trifolium alexandrinum (Fabaceae); AI JI CHE ZHOU CAO; EgyptianClover*. Isolated compounds: 21631, 21632, 21633.T6517 Trifolium dubium (Fabaceae); DUN YE CHE ZHOU CAO; SucklingClover. Isolated compounds: 18643.T6518 Trifolium fragiferum (Fabaceae); CAO MEI CHE ZHOU CAO;Strawberry Clover. Isolated compounds: 4190.T6519 Trifolium fruticosa (Fabaceae); GUAN MU ZHUANG CHE ZHOUCAO; Shrubby Clover*. Isolated compounds: 9598.T6520 Trifolium hybridum (Fabaceae); ZA JIAO CHE ZHOU CAO; HybridClover*. Isolated compounds: 6290.T6521 Trifolium pratense (Fabaceae); HONG CHE ZHOU CAO; Red Clover.Used part: flower and inflorescence. TCM Effects: To clear heat andrelieve cough, dissipate binds and disperse swelling. TCM Indications:Common cold, cough and asthma, hard swelling, burns. Isolatedcompounds: 2384, 4135, 4604, 5440, 6201, 7852, 7853, 7853, 7883,8011, 8278, 11158, 11648, 13282, 13638, 15484, 16756, 17765,21634.T6522 Trifolium repens (Fabaceae); SAN XIAO CAO; White Clover. Used

587part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, cool blood, quiet heart.TCM Indications: Epilepsy, bleeding from hemorrhoids, hard swelling.Isolated compounds: 4137, 4138, 4190, 4604, 8101, 9568, 12023,12047, 13003, 15171, 15176, 18321, 18356, 20017, 21541, 21634.T6523 Trifolium resupinatum (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 18703.T6524 Trifolium spp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3004.T6525 Trifolium subterraneum (Fabaceae); DI XIA CHE ZHOU CAO;Subterranean Clover. Isolated compounds: 2384, 2845, 7883, 8309,9598.T6526 Triglochin maritimum (Juncaginaceae); HAI JIU CAI; Shore Podgrass.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and engender liquid,resolve toxin and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Exuberant heatfluid damage, stomach heat vexation thirst, dribbling pain of urination.Isolated compounds: 7419, 9717, 17425, 20805, 21644.T6527 Trigonella caerulea (Fabaceae); LAN HU LU BA; Blue Trigonella.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To supplement kidney and disinhibitwater, rectify qi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuitylumbago, edema, spasmodic abdominal pain of gastrointestinal tract,mounting qi (hernia), painful swollen testes. Isolated compounds:18281.T6528 Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fabaceae); HU LU BA; CommonFenugreek. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol, warmkidney, dispel cold, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Hyperlipemia,kidney vacuity cold, cold pain in lesser-abdomen, mounting qi,beriberi. Isolated compounds: 1673, 3218, 6440, 6444, 6449, 8095,8297, 8457, 8969, 8970, 9569, 9616, 12063, 12064, 12832, 15279,16196, 18370, 19473, 19542, 20207, 20208, 21383, 21589, 21590,21645, 21646, 21647, 21648, 21649, 21650, 21651, 21652, 21653,21654, 21655, 21656, 21657, 21658, 21659, 21660, 21661, 21662,21663, 21664, 21665, 21666, 21667, 21668, 21669, 21670, 21671,21672, 21673, 21674, 21675, 21676, 21677, 21678, 22464, 22554,22581, 22582, 22878, 22936.T6529 Trigonella sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 6437, 6440, 13638.T6530 Trigonostemon reidioides (Euphorbiaceae). Isolated compounds:18563, 18564, 18565, 18566, 18567.T6531 Trillium camtschaticum (Liliaceae); YU ER QI; Whiteflower Trillium.Equivalent plant: YAN LING CAO. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and soothe liver, quicken blood and stanch bleeding.TCM Indications: Hypertension, dizziness and headache, pain inlumbus and legs, bleeding due to external injury, knocks and falls,fracture. Isolated compounds: 2324, 4280, 4455, 5040, 16809, 21876.T6532 Trillium erectum (Liliaceae); HE HUA YAN LING CAO; BrownflowerTrillium. Isolated compounds: 16809, 21871.T6533 Trillium kamtschaticum (Liliaceae); JI LIN YAN LING CAO;Whiteflower Trillium*. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: See Trilliumtschonoskii. TCM Indications: See Trillium tschonoskii. Isolatedcompounds: 5217, 5218, 21872, 21873, 21874, 21875.T6534 Trillium sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 6440.T6535 Trillium tschonoskii (Liliaceae); YAN LING CAO; Tschonosk Trillium.Equivalent plant: Trillium kamtschaticum. Used part: rhizome. TCMEffects: To calm, relieve pain, quicken blood, stanch bleeding. TCMIndications: Hypertension, neurasthenia, dizziness and headache, painin lumbus and legs, menstrual disorder [=menoxenia], flooding andspotting [=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], bleeding due to externalinjury, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 3546, 4455, 6443, 6679,21871.T6536 Triphyophyllum peltatum (Dioncophyllaceae); SAN YE MU; TrileafWood*. Isolated compounds: 6433, 6896, 14325, 14396.T6537 Tripterospermum japonicum (Gentianaceae); RI BEN SHUANG HUDIE; Japanese Dualbutterfly*. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:See Tripterospermum taiwanense. TCM Indications: SeeTripterospermum taiwanense. Isolated compounds: 493, 494, 8685,9616, 11773, 12949, 14982, 18729, 20503, 21989, 22836.T6538 Tripterospermum taiwanense (Gentianaceae); TAI WAN SHUANGHU DIE; Taiwan Dualbutterfly. Equivalent plant: Tripterospermumjaponicum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, suppress cough. TCM Indications: Jaundice, wind-heatcough. Isolated compounds: 21991.T6539 Tripterygium doianum (Celastraceae); NAN RI BEN LEI GONGTENG; South-Japan Threewingnut*. Isolated compounds: 130, 301,334, 3562, 21408.T6540 Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Celastraceae); KUN MING SHAN HAITANG; Glaucousback Threewingnut. Used part: root. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and stanch bleeding,soothe sinews and joint bones, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCMIndications: Rheumatic arthritis, wind-damp impediment pain,hemiplegia, mounting qi, dysmenorrhea, profuse menstruation,postpartum abdominal pain, incessant bleeding, acute infectioushepatitis, chronic nephritis, erythematous lupus, fracture, medullitis,bone tuberculosis, epididymis tubercle, sore toxin, psoriasis,neurodermatitis. Isolated compounds: 27, 266, 3308, 6921, 8100,10892, 10897, 10899, 10906, 10907, 10908, 16403, 17886, 17892,18578, 21987, 21993, 22011, 22013, 22014, 22017, 22023, 22680,22695.T6541 Tripterygium regelii (Celastraceae); HEI MAN; Regel Threewingnut.Used part: whole herb or root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, disinhibit water and disperse edema, resolve toxin andkill worms. TCM Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, jaundice, glomusaccumulation, knocks and falls, scrofula, toxin swelling of sores, tineacapitis, itchy skin, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 27, 3368,10899, 16245, 18576, 18577, 18578, 18579, 18580, 18581, 18582,18583.T6542 Tripterygium wilfordii (Celastraceae); LEI GONG TENG; CommonThreewingnut. Used part: root, leaf and flower. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and free networkvessels, disperse swelling and relieve pain, resolve toxin and killworms (high toxicity). TCM Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis,rheumatic arthritis, glomerulonephritis, nephropathy syndrome,erythematous lupus, dryness in eyes and mouth, Behcet’s syndrome,psoriasis, eczema, leprosy, scab sore, intractable lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 27, 30, 1465, 3075, 3356, 3357, 3358, 3360, 3368, 4873,5144, 5914, 6468, 6632, 6940, 7029, 7045, 7534, 8023, 8024, 9367,10086, 10566, 10776, 10814, 10815, 10816, 10817, 10899, 10900,11561, 11781, 13640, 15468, 15476, 15538, 15635, 16245, 16675,18580, 19182, 20556, 21023, 21395, 21512, 21521, 21986, 21987,21988, 21990, 21992, 21993, 21994, 21995, 21996, 21997, 21998,

58821999, 22000, 22001, 22002, 22003, 22004, 22005, 22006, 22007,22008, 22009, 22010, 22011, 22011, 22012, 22013, 22015, 22016,22017, 22018, 22019, 22020, 22021, 22022, 22023, 22024, 22025,22026, 22027, 22263, 22674, 22675, 22676, 22677, 22678, 22679,22680, 22681, 22682, 22683, 22684, 22685, 22686, 22687, 22688,22689, 22690, 22695.T6543 Tristaniopsis calobuxus (Myrtaceae). Isolated compounds: 6757,21926.T6544 Triticum aestivum [Syn. Triticum vulgare] (Poaceae); XIAO MAI;Wheat. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To nourish heart, boost kidney,eliminate heat, allay thirst. TCM Indications: Visceral agitation, heatvexation, diabetes mellitus, diarrhea, swollen welling abscess,bleeding due to external injury, scalds. Isolated compounds: 917, 2455,6204, 19983, 21415.T6545 Triticum monococcum (Poaceae); DAN LI XIAO MAI; Einkorn.Isolated compounds: 13003.T6546 Triticum sp. (Poaceae). Isolated compounds: 13003.Triticum vulgare = Triticum aestivumT6547 Tritomaria polita ; Liverwort Tritomaria polita. Isolated compounds:7095, 7150, 7491, 7496, 7497, 9499, 10110, 10112, 10113, 19613.T6548 Tritonia crocosmaeflora (Iridaceae); XIONG HUANG LAN; CommonTritonia. Used part: corm. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin, disperseswelling, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Tympanites, pain in stomachduct, pain in sinews and bones, epidemic parotitis, sores, painfulwound from knocks and falls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolatedcompounds: 21597.T6549 Trochodendron aralioides (Trochodendraceae); KUN LAN SHU;Wheelstamentree. Isolated compounds: 5283.T6550 Trocholejeunea sandvicensis (Lejeuneaceae); YE TAI. Isolatedcompounds: 1990, 4960, 5487, 8022, 10024, 12609, 12610, 14375,17721, 19250, 21629.T6551 Trogopterus xanthipes; Pteromys volans (Petauristidae); WU LINGZHI; Trogopterus Dung. Used part: dried feces. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and relieve pain, transform stasis and stanch bleeding,disperse accumulation and resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, flooding,profuse menstruation, incessant red and white vaginal discharge, snakebite, scorpion sting, centipede bite. Isolated compounds: 2413, 6178,11810, 17696, 21752, 22246, 22739.Trollius asiaticus var. chinensis = Trollius chinensisT6552 Trollius chinensis [Syn. Trollius asiaticus var. chinensis](Ranunculaceae); JIN LIAN HUA; Chinese Globeflower. Equivalentplant: Trollius ledebourii. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling, brighten eyes. TCMIndications: Common cold with fever, swelling pain in throat, mouthsore, gum swelling and pain, gum hemorrhage, red eyes with gall,swelling toxin of clove sore, acute periostitis, acute lymphangitis.Isolated compounds: 6201, 16196, 22581.T6553 Trollius ledebourii (Ranunculaceae); DUAN BAN JIN LIAN HUA;Ledebour Globeflower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: See Trolliuschinensis. TCM Indications: See Trollius chinensis. Isolatedcompounds: 6207, 6208, 7783, 8066, 8072, 11724, 14193, 14194,14196, 14203, 22345.T6554 Trollius macropetalus (Ranunculaceae); CHANG BAN JIN LIANHUA; Langpetal Globeflower. Used part: flower. TCM Effects: Toclear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Infection of upperrespiratory tract, acute or chronic tonsillitis, acute conjunctivitis, acuteotitis media, acute lymphangitis, acute dysentery, acute appendicitis.Isolated compounds: 6201, 16196, 17902, 22581.T6555 Tropaeolum majus (Tropaeolaceae); HAN LIAN HUA; CommonNasturtium. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Sore toxin, red eyes with gall, malignsore. Isolated compounds: 1358, 2294, 2298, 3211, 7291, 8760, 17102.T6556 Tsoongiodendron odorum (Magnoliaceae); GUAN GUANG MU;Guanguangtree. Isolated compounds: 6027, 12917.T6557 Tsuga dumosa (Pinaceae); YUN NAN TIE SHAN; Yunnan Hemlock.Isolated compounds: 5871, 6635.T6558 Tsuga heterophylla (Pinaceae); YI YE TIE SHAN; Western Hemlock.Isolated compounds: 7768, 10574, 12520, 13594, 17409, 19618.T6559 Tuber indicum YIN DU KUAI JUN; Indian Truffle. Isolatedcompounds: 22053, 22054, 22055, 22056.T6560 Tulipa edulis (Liliaceae); GUANG CI GU; Edible Tulip. Used part:bulb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, dissipate binds anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Swelling pain in throat, scrofula,welling abscess and flat abscess, swelling of sores, postpartum stasisstagnation. Isolated compounds: 3911.T6561 Tulipa gesneriana (Liliaceae); YU JIN XIANG; Common Tulip. Usedpart: flower. TCM Effects: To transform damp and repel foulness.TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach damp turbidity, fullness andoppression in chest and stomach duct, retching counterflow andabdominal pain, bad breath and slimy tongue fur. Isolated compounds:4451, 8371, 15664, 19187, 22102, 22104, 22105.T6562 Tulipa gesneriana (Liliaceae); YU JIN XIANG GEN; Common TulipRoot. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To calm. TCM Indications:Visceral agitation. Isolated compounds: 8371, 8373, 8374, 8375, 8376.T6563 Tulipa hybrida (Liliaceae); YU JIN XIANG ZA JIAO ZHONG; TulipHybrid*. Isolated compounds: 22104, 22105.T6564 Tulipa sp. (Liliaceae). Isolated compounds: 7821.T6565 Tulipa turkestani (Liliaceae); TU ER QI YU JIN XIANG; TurkeyTulip*. Isolated compounds: 22106, 22107.T6566 Tupistra chinensis (Liliaceae); KAI KOU JIAN; Chinese Tupistra.Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,dispel wind and eliminate damp, dissipate stasis and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Diphtheria, swelling pain in throat, wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls, stomachache, swollen wellingabscess and sore toxin, poisonous snake bites, rabid dog bite. Isolatedcompounds: 955, 6974, 7009, 9815, 10381, 14254, 14652, 16891,19983, 19987, 20369, 20556, 20566, 22111, 22112, 22113, 22114,22115, 22116, 22117, 22332, 22336.T6567 Tupistra wattii [Syn. Campylandra wattii] (Liliaceae); WAN RUI KAIKOU JIAN; Watt Tupistra. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dissipate stasis and stanch bleeding, disperseswelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-heat common cold,cough and sore pharynx, tonsillitis, lymphnoditis, fracture due toknocks and falls, stomachache blood ejection, bleeding due to externalinjury. Isolated compounds: 21845, 22649, 22650, 22651, 22652,

58922653, 22654, 22655.T6568 Turpinia ternata (Staphyleaceae); SAN CHU SHAN XIANG YUAN;Threeleaf Turpinia. Isolated compounds: 22125, 22126, 22127, 22128,22129.T6569 Turraea floribunda (Meliaceae); DUO HUA U LIAN; ManyflowerStarbush*. Isolated compounds: 22130, 22131, 22132, 22133, 22134,22135, 22136, 22137.T6570 Turraea nilotica (Meliaceae); NI LUO HE JIN YIN LIAN; NileStarbush*. Isolated compounds: 15598, 17480.T6571 Turraea parvifolia (Meliaceae); XIAO YE DU LIAN; LittleleafStarbush*. Isolated compounds: 128, 6935, 6936, 22138, 22139,22140, 22141.T6572 Turraea wakefieldii (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 5291, 5298,5299, 5311, 5316, 20895.T6573 Turreanthus africanus (Meliaceae). Isolated compounds: 185, 6890,7160.T6574 Tussilago farfara (Asteraceae); KUAN DONG HUA; CommonColtsfoot. Used part: flower bud. TCM Effects: To moisten lung andprecipitate qi, relieve cough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications:Cough, cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, consumption coughand hemoptysis, chronic bronchitis, infection of upper respiratory tract,tuberculosis. Isolated compounds: 122, 2169, 3214, 4287, 4841, 7058,7715, 7716, 8095, 10265, 10887, 13127, 14187, 14188, 15470, 19087,19731, 20136, 22143, 22144, 22222.T6575 Tylimanthus renifolius (Acrobolbaceae); Liverwort Tylimanthusrenifolius. Isolated compounds: 209, 9425, 9427, 17255, 18914.T6576 Tylimanthus tenellus (Acrobolbaceae); New Zealand liverwortTylimanthus tenellus. Isolated compounds: 9663, 9666, 10579.T6577 Tylophora asthmatica [Syn. Tylophora indica] (Asclepiadaceae); YINDU WA ER TENG; Indian Tylophora*. Isolated compounds: 22151,22152, 22153.T6578 Tylophora atrofolliculata (Asclepiadaceae); SAN FEN DAN;Brackfollicle. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind, quickenblood, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain, painfulswelling from knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 22147, 22148,22149, 22150, 22152, 22153.T6579 Tylophora crebriflora (Asclepiadaceae); MI HUA WA ER TENG;Denseflower Tylophora*. Isolated compounds: 22146, 22151, 22153.T6580 Tylophora floribunda (Asclepiadaceae); WA ER TENG; ManyflowerTylophora. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andtransform phlegm, quicken blood and relieve pain, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Infant fright wind, wind-dampimpediment pain, cough and asthma with abundant phlegm, diphtheria,knocks and falls, fracture, poisonous snake bite, swollen wellingabscess, sore and boil, red eyes, stomatitis, liver spleen enlargement.Isolated compounds: 22146, 22151, 22153.Tylophora indica = Tylophora asthmaticaT6581 Tylophora mollissima (Asclepiadaceae); MIAN MAO WA ER TENG;Woolly Tylophora. Used part: whole plant. TCM Effects: To clear lungheat, relieve cough and asthma. TCM Indications: Common cold withfever, lung heat cough, asthma. Isolated compounds: 22152, 22153.T6582 Tylophora ovata (Asclepiadaceae); LUAN YE WA ER TENG;Ovateleaf Tylophora. Equivalent plant: Gerbera piloselloides,Cynanchum versicolor, Cynanchum atratum, Cynanchum ascyrifolium.Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and boost yin, disinhibiturine and free strangury, resolve toxin and cure sores. TCMIndications: Warm heat disease with fever, generalized fever withmacule, steaming bone tidal fever, lung heat cough, postpartumvacuity vexation, heat strangury, blood strangury, swelling pain inthroat, swelling toxin of sore and welling abscess, poisonous snakebite. Isolated compounds: 22152, 22153.T6583 Tylotella sp. Isolated compounds: 21359.T6584 Typha angustata (Typhaceae); PU HUANG; Longbract Cattail Pollen.Equivalent plant: Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia. Used part: pollen.TCM Effects: To lower cholesterol, cool blood and stanch bleeding,quicken blood and dispel stasis. TCM Indications: Hyperlipemia,angina pectoris, exudative eczema, bleeding, hemoptysis, spontaneousexternal bleeding, blood ejection, hematochezia, hematuria, floodingand spotting, bleeding due to external injury, pain in heart andabdomen, dysmenorrhea, postpartum bleeding, postpartum abdominalpain, blood strangury with inhibited pain. Isolated compounds: 1599,5763, 9364, 9486, 9815, 10636, 11648, 11662, 12071, 13479, 13504,15661, 15662, 15663, 16822, 18317, 18378, 19087, 19983, 19998,20280, 20355, 20444, 22154, 22157.T6585 Typha angustifolia (Typhaceae); XIA YE XIANG PU; NarrowleafCattail Pollen. Used part: pollen. TCM Effects: See Typha angustata.TCM Indications: See Typha angustata. Isolated compounds: 11648,12020, 14611, 14628, 14769, 15279, 16822, 16893, 18317, 18378,18739, 19983, 19998, 22043, 22154, 22843.T6586 Typha capensis (Typhaceae); HAO WANG JIAO XIANG PU;Cape-of-Good-Hope Cattail. Isolated compounds: 22155, 22156.T6587 Typha latifolia (Typhaceae); KUAN YE XIANG PU; Broadleaf CattailPollen. Used part: pollen. TCM Effects: See Typha angustata. TCMIndications: See Typha angustata. Isolated compounds: 3766, 7882,10967, 11648, 11662, 11669, 12071, 12436, 13419, 13479, 18281,18317, 20444, 22118, 22154.T6588 Typhoniun giganteum (Araceae); YU BAI FU; Giant Typhonium. Usedpart: tuberoid. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and transform phlegm,free channels and network vessels, resolve toxin and settle pain. TCMIndications: Wind stroke with congesting phlegm, deviated eyes andmouth, migraine, tetanus, poisonous snake bite, scrofula, swollenwelling abscess. Isolated compounds: 11083, 11084, 11085, 19987.T6589 Tyromyces fissilis (Polyporaceae); YI LYE GAN LAO JUN;Easy-lobed Tyromyces*. Isolated compounds: 21502, 22162, 22163,22164, 22165, 22166, 22167, 22168.UT6590 Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae); JING DOU; Common Gorse. Isolatedcompounds: 4594.T6591 Ulex minor (Fabaceae); XIAO JING DOU; Small Gorse*. Isolatedcompounds: 11514.T6592 Ulex nanus (Fabaceae); AI JING DOU; Dwarf Gorse. Isolatedcompounds: 8282.T6593 Ulex sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 3209.T6594 Ulmus americana (Ulmaceae); MEI ZHOU YU; American Elm.Isolated compounds: 3317.

590T6595 Ulmus glabra (Ulmaceae); SHAN YU; Wych Elm. Isolatedcompounds: 13513.T6596 Ulmus parvifolia (Ulmaceae); LANG YU PI; Chinese Elm Bark. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water and free strangury,eliminate welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 9868, 12431, 13513,13515, 13517, 13951, 20369.T6597 Ulmus pumila (Ulmaceae); YU SHU; Siberian Elm. Used part: branch.TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and free strangury. TCM Indications:Qi strangury. Isolated compounds: 20369.T6598 Ulva conglobata (Ulvaceae); LI CAI; Conglobate Ulva Frond*. Usedpart: frond. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, disinhibiturine. TCM Indications: Thyroid enlargement, summerheat stroke,edema, inhibited urination. Isolated compounds: 14326.T6599 Ulva lactuca (Ulvaceae); SHI CHUN; Lettuce Ulva Frond. Equivalentplant: Ulva lactuca. Used part: frond. TCM Effects: To disinhibitwater and disperse edema, transform phlegm and soften hardness,clear heat and resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Edema, goiter andcarcinoma of neck, hypertension, laryngitis, sore and boil, acuteenteritis, chronic enteritis, gan accumulation. Isolated compounds:3849, 4473, 6400, 11431, 12445, 14352.T6600 Ulva pertusa (Ulvaceae); KONG SHI CHUN; Pertusate Ulva Frond.Used part: frond. TCM Effects: See Ulva lactuca. TCM Indications:See Ulva lactuca. Isolated compounds: 578, 1282, 2222, 3693, 3767,4473, 4550, 7521, 8011, 9374, 9384, 9491, 11431, 11767, 16345,16563, 16568, 16884, 20998, 22336, 22556.T6601 Umbilicaria esculenta [Syn. Gyrophora esculenta] (Umbilicariaceae);SHI ER; Rock-Ears*. Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To nourish yinand moisten lung, cool blood and stanch bleeding, clear heat andresolve toxin. TCM Indications: Lung vacuity taxation cough, bloodejection, spontaneous external bleeding, flooding and spotting[=metrorrhagia and metrostaxis], intestinal wind bleeding,hemorrhoids and fistulas, prolapse of rectum, strangury-turbidity,vaginal discharge, poisonous snake bites, scalds, knife wound. Isolatedcompounds: 12598.T6602 Umbilicaria hypococcinea (Umbilicariaceae); HONG SHI ER;Red-Rock-Ears. Used part: lichen. TCM Effects: To rectify qi andpromote digestion, disinhibit water and disperse distention. TCMIndications: Indigestion, distending pain in stomach duct, dysentery,gan accumulation. Isolated compounds: 2443, 14637, 14639, 16218.T6603 Umbilicaria proboscidea (Umbilicariaceae); WU LA ER DI YI; Ural’sLichen. Isolated compounds: 22197, 22198.T6604 Uncaria acida (Rubiaceae); SUAN GOU TENG; Acid Gambirplant*.Isolated compounds: 4118, 9234, 11679, 18826.T6605 Uncaria africana (Rubiaceae); FEI ZHOU GOU TENG; AfricanGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 783, 5569, 11539, 11679, 14889,18826.T6606 Uncaria attenuata (Rubiaceae); XIA GOU TENG; NarrowGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 906, 907, 4118, 4119, 4120, 5569,9234, 9552, 9553, 11347, 11679, 14889, 16353, 18553, 18826, 18943,19176, 22204, 22206.T6607 Uncaria barbata (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 9234.T6608 Uncaria bernaysii (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11539, 11636,11679, 14889, 18114, 18826, 22206, 22207.T6609 Uncaria borneensis (Rubiaceae); PO LUO ZHOU GOU TENG;Borneo Gambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 4118, 9234, 11347, 11679,18826.T6610 Uncaria callophylla (Rubiaceae); HOU YE GOU TENG; ThickleafGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 2981, 2982, 5569, 8125, 8127,9234, 11432, 11539, 11679, 14889, 18826, 18943.T6611 Uncaria canescens (Rubiaceae); QIAN HUI GOU TENG; GreyishGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 9234.T6612 Uncaria cordata (Rubiaceae); XIN XING GOU TENG; CordateGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 4119, 4120, 5569, 11679, 18826.T6613 Uncaria donisii (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11636, 18114,22206, 22207.T6614 Uncaria elliptica (Rubiaceae); TUO YUAN GOU TENG; EllipticGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 783, 826, 5569, 6191, 6853, 9234,10264, 11539, 11644, 11679, 14889, 18441, 18553, 18554, 18555,18826, 18943, 18969, 19087, 21862, 21863, 22204.T6615 Uncaria gambir (Rubiaceae); ER CHA GOU TENG; GambierGambirplant. Used part: dry decocted paste of branch-leaf. TCMEffects: To contract damp and close sores, stanch bleeding and settlepain, clear heat and resolve phlegm. TCM Indications: Enduring sores,damp-sore with flowing water, gan of teeth and gum, mouth sore,hemoptysis, blood ejection, hematuria, hematochezia, flooding,bleeding due to external injury, hemorrhoids and swollen wellingabscess, phlegm-heat cough. Isolated compounds: 3308, 3318, 6853,8095, 8126, 8127, 14889, 18943, 18968, 22204.T6616 Uncaria guianensis (Rubiaceae); GUI YA NA GOU TENG; Garabato;Unganangi; Cat’s Claw. Isolated compounds: 5569, 9552, 9553, 11539,11679, 11636, 14889, 18114, 18428, 18432, 18439, 18826, 22206.T6617 Uncaria hirsuta (Rubiaceae); MAO GOU TENG; HirsuteGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 10887, 11539, 14889, 18826,19087, 22204.T6618 Uncaria homomalla [Syn. Uruparia homomalla; Uruparia tonkinensis;Uruparia lanosa var. parvifora] (Rubiaceae); BEI YUE GOU TENG;North Viet-Nam Gambirplant. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and free network vessels, calm liver and extinguish wind. TCMIndications: Rheumatic arthritis, sciatica, knocks and falls, fracture,bleeding due to external injury, hypertension, hemicrania [ = hemilateralheadache], infant fright wind, prolapse of rectum. Isolated compounds:11539, 11636, 14889, 18114, 22206, 22207.T6619 Uncaria kawakamii (Rubiaceae); CHUAN SHANG LONG MI GOUTENG; Kawakami Gambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 14889.T6620 Uncaria kunstleri (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 4119, 4120, 9553,11679, 18826.T6621 Uncaria laevigata (Rubiaceae); PING HUA FA LIANG GOU TENG;Smooth Gambirplant. Isolated compounds: 11539, 11636, 14889,22204, 22206.T6622 Uncaria lancifolia (Rubiaceae); PI ZHEN YE GOU TENG;Lance-leaved Gambirplant. Isolated compounds: 11539, 14889, 18826.T6623 Uncaria lanosa (Rubiaceae); MIAN MAO GOU TENG; WoollyGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 3308, 7833, 8488, 9234, 11347,11539, 11636, 14889, 18114, 18553, 21863, 22206, 22207.T6624 Uncaria longiflora (Rubiaceae); CHANG HUA GOU TENG;Longflower Gambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 4118, 5569, 6191,

5918125, 8488, 11347, 11539, 11636, 11679, 14889, 18114, 18826, 22206,22207.T6625 Uncaria macrophylla (Rubiaceae); DA YE GOU TENG; LargeleafGambirplant. Used part: hooked stem-branch. TCM Effects: SeeUncaria rhynchophylla. TCM Indications: See Uncaria rhynchophylla.Isolated compounds: 4119, 4120, 11679, 11680, 18826.T6626 Uncaria nervosa (Rubiaceae); DUO MAI GOU TENG; Many-veinedGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 5569, 9234, 9552, 9553.T6627 Uncaria orientalis (Rubiaceae); DONG FANG GOU TENG; OrientalGambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 783, 9234, 11539, 11636, 14889,18114, 22204, 22206, 22207.T6628 Uncaria perrottetii (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11539, 14889,18114, 22206, 22207.Uncaria pilosa = Uncaria scandensT6629 Uncaria rhynchophylla [Syn. Nauclea rhynchophylla] (Rubiaceae);GOU TENG; Sharpleaf Gambirplant. Equivalent plant: Uncariasinensis, Uncaria macrophylla. Used part: hooked stem-branch. TCMEffects: To extinguish wind and check tetany, clear heat and calm liver.TCM Indications: Infant fright wind and night crying, exuberant heatstirring wind, epilepsy of pregnancy, liver yang dizziness, liver fireheadache. Isolated compounds: 823, 1244, 1252, 2844, 3680, 3681,4114, 4118, 5550, 5569, 6853, 8251, 9234, 9552, 9553, 10887, 11347,11377, 11636, 11679, 11680, 14455, 18114, 18824, 18826, 20390,21634, 22208, 22209, 22210, 22211, 22212, 22328, 22496.T6630 Uncaria roxburghiana (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11636,18114, 22206, 22207.T6631 Uncaria scandens [Syn. Nauclea pilosa; Uruparia pilosa; Uncariapilosa] (Rubiaceae); PAN ZHI GOU TENG; Climbing Gambirplant.Isolated compounds: 11539, 11636, 14889, 18114, 22206, 22207.T6632 Uncaria sessilifructus [Syn. Nauclea sessilifructus] (Rubiaceae); BAIGOU TENG; White Gambirplant. Isolated compounds: 4119, 4120,9553, 11539, 11679, 14889, 18826, 22204, 22207.T6633 Uncaria sinensis (Rubiaceae); HUA GOU TENG; ChineseGambirplant. Used part: hooked stem-branch. TCM Effects: SeeUncaria rhynchophylla. TCM Indications: See Uncaria rhynchophylla.Isolated compounds: 2887, 4118, 5550, 9552, 9553, 11347, 11377,11426, 11537, 11538, 11635, 11636, 11678, 11679, 11680, 14887,14888, 17876, 18113, 18114, 18825, 18826, 18827, 19542, 22206,22207.T6634 Uncaria sterrophylla (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 4119, 4120,11539, 11636, 11679, 14889, 18114, 18826, 22206, 22207.T6635 Uncaria talbotii (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 11679, 18826.T6636 Uncaria thwaitesii (Rubiaceae). Isolated compounds: 6191, 21862.T6637 Uncaria tomentosa (Rubiaceae); BI LU GOU TENG; Uña de Gato(Cat’s Claw). Isolated compounds: 3677, 3678, 3679, 3680, 3681,5190, 6069, 6071, 6853, 9552, 9553, 11539, 11636, 11679, 13971,14889, 15747, 16323, 16357, 18114, 18428, 18429, 18430, 18431,18432, 18433, 18434, 18435, 18436, 18440, 18442, 18824, 18826,18943, 21441, 21442, 21828, 21833, 21863, 22205, 22206, 22270.T6638 Uncaria veluntina (Rubiaceae); DUAN RONG MAO GOU TENG;Velutinous Gambirplant*. Isolated compounds: 11539, 11636, 14889,18114, 22206, 22207.T6639 Uncaria yunnanensis (Rubiaceae); DIAN GOU TENG; YunnanGambirplant. Isolated compounds: 5357.T6640 Undaria pinnatifida (Alariaceae); QUN DAI CAI; Undaria. Used part:dried thallus. TCM Effects: See Laminaria japonica. TCM Indications:See Laminaria japonica Isolated compounds: 935, 7951, 7978, 11123,11508, 12952, 14618, 15784, 16153, 17265, 19367, 21330, 22556.T6641 Ungernia minor (Amaryllidaceae); XIAO BO SI SHI SUAN; SmallUngernia*. Isolated compounds: 22232.T6642 Ungernia trisphaera (Amaryllidaceae); SAN QIU BO SI SHI SUAN;Trisphare Ungernia*. Isolated compounds: 22040.T6643 Unsteadiness mould’s metabolite. Isolated compounds: 15571.T6644 Upuna borneensis (Dipterocarpaceae). Isolated compounds: 17284,17286, 21680, 21681, 21683, 22233, 22234, 22235, 22236.T6645 Urena lobata (Malvaceae); DI TAO HUA; Rose Mallow. Used part:root or whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and disinhibit damp,quicken blood and disperse swelling, clear heat and resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Common cold, wind-damp impediment pain,dysentery, diarrhea, strangury syndrome, vaginal discharge, menstrualdisorder, painful swelling from knocks and falls, throat impediment,mammary welling abscess, sore and boil, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 13481.T6646 Urginea altissima (Liliaceae); GAO HAI CONG. Isolated compounds:10693, 22250.T6647 Urginea epigea (Liliaceae); CHU TU HAI CONG. Isolated compounds:300, 9860.T6648 Urginea fugax (Liliaceae); YI XIAN HAI CONG. Isolated compounds:7981.T6649 Urginea maritima (Liliaceae); HAI CONG; Red Squill. Isolatedcompounds: 278, 279, 3509, 6970, 16349, 19518, 19519, 19520,19527, 19528, 19529, 19530.T6650 Ursinia anthemoides (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 22268.T6651 Urtica cannabina (Urticaceae); QIAN MA; Hempleaf Nettle.Equivalent plant: Urtica dioica. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and free network vessels, calm liver and settle fright,disperse accumulation and free stool, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Wind-damp impediment pain, postpartum wind tetany, infant frightwind, sequel of poliomyelitis, hypertension, indigestion, fecalstoppage, urticaria, knocks and falls, snake or insect bites. Isolatedcompounds: 6454, 7882, 9624, 9625, 9832, 19922, 20254, 21340,21341, 21343.T6652 Urtica dioica (Urticaceae); YI ZHU QIAN MA; Dioecious Nettle.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: See Urtica cannabina. TCMIndications: See Urtica cannabina. Isolated compounds: 115, 874,1935, 2426, 2887, 2912, 3209, 3551, 3766, 3982, 4680, 5564, 7768,7996, 8078, 8806, 9568, 9815, 9833, 10203, 10967, 11477, 12020,13127, 13419, 14089, 14308, 14309, 14310, 14311, 15440, 15442,15525, 15934, 16285, 18317, 18421, 19087, 19542, 19760, 19912,19983, 19997, 20444, 22336, 22520.Uruparia homomalla = Uncaria homomallaUruparia lanosa var. parvifora = Uncaria homomallaUruparia pilosa = Uncaria scandensUruparia tonkinensis = Uncaria homomallaT6653 Usnea diffracta (Usneaceae); HUAN JIE SONG LUO; Diffract UsneaFilament. Used part: filament. TCM Effects: See Usnea longissima.

592TCM Indications: See Usnea longissima. Isolated compounds: 2146,5507, 22282.T6654 Usnea longissima (Usneaceae); SONG LUO; Long Usnea Filament.Equivalent plant: Usnea diffracta. Used part: filament. TCM Effects:To relieve cough and dispel phlegm, clear heat and resolve toxin,dispel damp and free network vessels, regulate menstruation andstanch bleeding, expel worms. TCM Indications: Headache, red eyes,cough with profuse phlegm, malaria, scrofula, vaginal discharge,flooding and spotting, bleeding due to external injury, swollen wellingabscess, poisonous snake bite. Isolated compounds: 2146, 5507, 8788,12982, 12983, 18527, 22282.T6655 Ustilaginoidea virens (Clavicipitaceae); JING GU NU;Fungus-infected Rice Spike. Used part: sclerotium and conidium,parasitized on spite of rice (Oryza sativa L.). TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, disinhibit throat. TCM Indications: Throatimpediment, swelling pain in throat. Isolated compounds: 22283,22284.T6656 Ustilago maydis (Ustilaginaceae); YU MI HEI MEI; Black-powderFungus in Corn. Used part: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To fortify spleenand stomach, disinhibit liver and gallbladder, quiet spirit. TCMIndications: Hepatitis, ulcer in gastrointestinal tract, indigestion, ganaccumulation, insomnia. Isolated compounds: 12488, 14414.T6657 Uvaria acuminata (Annonaceae); JIAN ZI YU PAN; AcuminateUvaria*. Isolated compounds: 594, 2280, 6528, 11323, 11751, 22287,22290.T6658 Uvaria angolensis (Annonaceae); GUAN ZI YU PAN; Angola Uvaria*.Isolated compounds: 2224, 11751, 22287, 22290.T6659 Uvaria boniana (Annonaceae); GUANG YE ZI YU PAN;Glabrousleaf Uvaria. Isolated compounds: 20051, 22291, 22292,22293, 22294, 22295, 22296, 22297.T6660 Uvaria chamae (Annonaceae); AN ZI YU PAN; Low Uvaria. Isolatedcompounds: 3463, 11321, 11751.T6661 Uvaria dulcis (Annonaceae); TIAN ZI YU PAN; Sweet Uvaria*.Isolated compounds: 5820, 5823, 10013.T6662 Uvaria grandiflora (Annonaceae); DA HUA ZI YU PAN; LargeflowerUvaria. Isolated compounds: 11375, 22298, 22299, 22300.Uvaria heteroclita = Kadsura heteroclitaT6663 Uvaria klaineana (Annonaceae); JIA PENG ZI YU PAN; GabonUvaria*. Isolated compounds: 12232.T6664 Uvaria kweichowensis (Annonaceae); LIU GUO ZI YU PAN;Kweichou Uvaria. Isolated compounds: 12397, 12398, 22299, 22988.T6665 Uvaria macrophylla (Annonaceae); DA YE ZI YU PAN; LargeleafUvaria*. Isolated compounds: 13318.T6666 Uvaria narum (Annonaceae); NA ER ZI YU PAN; Nar Uvaria*.Isolated compounds: 11375, 16584.T6667 Uvaria scheffleri (Annonaceae); XIE FEI ZI YU PAN; ScheffleriUvaria*. Isolated compounds: 19464.VVaccaria pyramidata = Vaccaria segetalisT6668 Vaccaria segetalis [Syn. Vaccaria pyramidata] (Caryophyllaceae);WANG BU LIU XING; Cowherb. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and free menstruation, promote lactation and disperseedema. TCM Indications: Galactostasis, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea,mammary welling abscess. Isolated compounds: 9717, 11695, 13659,19353, 19658, 19659, 19660, 19661, 19662, 19663, 19664, 19665,19666, 19667, 19668, 22302, 22303, 22304, 22308, 22465.T6669 Vaccinium ashei (Ericaceae). Isolated compounds: 14575, 22306.T6670 Vaccinium bracteatum (Ericaceae); NAN ZHU ZHI; OrientalBlueberry Fruit. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To supplement liverand kidney, strengthen sinews and bones, secure essence qi, checkdysentery and diarrhea. TCM Indications: Liver kidney vacuity,premature graying in beard and hair, weakness in sinews and bones,chronic diarrhea, dream emission, incessant vaginal discharge, chronicdiarrhea and dysentery. Isolated compounds: 6918, 7951, 9616, 11085.T6671 Vaccinium macrocarpon (Ericaceae); MEI ZHOU SUAN GUO LUO;American Cranberry. Isolated compounds: 3215, 13126.T6672 Vaccinium sp. (Ericaceae). Isolated compounds: 4439.T6673 Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Ericaceae); YUE JU YE; Cowberry Leaf. Usedpart: leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine, resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Strangury syndrome, pain wind. Isolated compounds: 324,1618, 2039, 2893, 6853, 9740, 10623, 17867, 17876, 17884, 17890,18792.T6674 Valeriana alternifolia var. stolonifera (Valerianaceae); MAO JIE XIECAO; Hairnode Valeriana*. Isolated compounds: 22312.T6675 Valeriana amurensis (Valerianaceae); HEI SHUI XIE CAO; AmurValeriana. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: See Valerianaofficinalis. TCM Indications: See Valeriana officinalis. Isolatedcompounds: 13137, 22312.T6676 Valeriana hardwickii (Valerianaceae); CHANG XU XIE CAO;Hardwick Valeriana. Used part: root or whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and regulate menstruation, dispel wind and disinhibitdamp, fortify spleen and disperse accumulation. TCM Indications:Menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, wind-dampimpediment pain, inhibited urination, painful wound from knocks andfalls, angitis. Isolated compounds: 22312, 22314.T6677 Valeriana jatamansii [Syn. Valeriana wallichii] (Valerianaceae); ZHIZHU XIANG; Jatamans Valeriana. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects:To rectify qi and disperse cold, quicken blood and regulatemenstruation. TCM Indications: Sand and painful distention instomach duct and abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, beriberi withedema, wind-cold common cold, menstrual disorder, consumptiondamage and cough. Isolated compounds: 61, 121, 200, 534, 535, 2550,2555, 2887, 3551, 4550, 5482, 5734, 9593, 9610, 9611, 11766, 12843,12855, 13283, 13285, 14335, 15500, 16707, 17376, 22312, 22323.T6678 Valeriana laxiflora (Valerianaceae); SHU HUA JIE CAO; LaxflowerValeriana*. Isolated compounds: 2331, 2334, 7768, 9854, 10208,10652, 10820, 16050, 17861, 19312, 21589, 21776, 22270.T6679 Valeriana officinalis (Valerianaceae); XIE CAO; Common Valeriana.Equivalent plant: Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia, Valerianaamurensis. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To quiet heartand spirit, dispel wind-damp, move qi-blood, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Disquieted heart spirit, palpitation and insomnia, maniaand withdrawal, visceral agitation, wind-damp impediment pain,distending pain in stomach duct, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, knocksand falls. Isolated compounds: 582, 928, 2305, 2412, 2550, 2850,

5932887, 3045, 7229, 7749, 8754, 9455, 10601, 10652, 10654, 10655,11754, 11755, 11762, 12604, 13283, 13590, 15222, 15223, 16884,17412, 17415, 18279, 20998, 22312, 22313, 22314, 22315, 22316,22317, 22318, 22319, 22320, 22321, 22323.T6680 Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia (Valerianaceae); KUO YE XIE CAO;Broadleaf Common Valeriana. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: See Valeriana officinalis. TCM Indications: See Valerianaofficinalis. Isolated compounds: 2555, 3045, 4550, 6482, 12191,12192, 12193, 12194, 12843, 17376, 17377, 20995, 22312, 22313,22314.T6681 Valeriana sp. (Valerianaceae). Isolated compounds: 5482, 11754.T6682 Valeriana spp. (Valerianaceae). Isolated compounds: 3551, 22312.Valeriana wallichii = Valeriana jatamansiiT6683 Vallisneria spiralis (Hydrocharitaceae); KU CAO; Eelgrass. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To dry damp and check discharge, move qiand quicken blood. TCM Indications: Vaginal discharge, postpartumpersistent flow of lochia. Isolated compounds: 6722, 20168.T6684 Vanilla planifolia (Orchidaceae); XIANG ZI LAN; Vanilla. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin. TCMIndications: Poisonous snake bites. Isolated compounds: 22336.T6685 Vanilla sp. (Orchidaceae). Isolated compounds: 1282, 17470, 22336.T6686 Vatica rassak (Dipterocarpaceae); QING MEI; Rassak Vatica*.Isolated compounds: 17283, 18643, 22354, 22355, 22356, 22357,22505.T6687 Venidium decurrens (Asteraceae); NI JIN ZHAN JU; Cape Dandelion.Isolated compounds: 9015.T6688 Ventilago calyculata (Rhamnaceae); MAO GUO YI HE GUO;Hairyfruit Ventilago. Isolated compounds: 6776.T6689 Ventilago leiocarpa (Rhamnaceae); YI HE GUO; SmoothfruitVentilago. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To supplement qi andblood, strengthen sinews and bones, soothe channels and networkvessels. TCM Indications: Qi-blood depletion, menstrual disorder,anemia and amenorrhea, wind-damp pain, knocks and falls, taxationdamage in lumbar muscle. Isolated compounds: 1764, 3319, 3615,6776, 10068, 11191, 11192, 12606, 13098, 16665, 20010, 20369,20711, 21713, 22377, 22378, 22379.T6690 Vepris louisii LU YI CI JU; Louis Vepris*. Used part: stem cortex androot cortex. TCM Indications: Dermatitis [5509] . Isolated compounds:22380.T6691 Veratrilla baillonii (Gentianaceae); HUANG QIN JIAO; BaillonVeratrilla. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolvetoxin, kill worms, quicken network vessels and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Lung heat cough, tonsillitis, gastritis, dysentery, chroniccholecystitis, nephritis, mastitis, ascariasis, burns, knocks and falls,swelling toxin of welling abscess and sore. Isolated compounds: 21191,22387, 22388.T6692 Veratrum album (Liliaceae); BAI LI LU; White Falsehellebore.Isolated compounds: 4522, 11866, 15395, 15452, 17995, 17996,18643, 22395, 23033.T6693 Veratrum album var. lobelianum [Syn. Veratrum lobelianum](Liliaceae); BAN BIAN LIAN ZHUANG LI LU; LobeliaFalsehellebore*. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: To relievepain, kill worms and ejection. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls, scab and lichen, malign sore,mania and withdrawal with congesting phlegm. Isolated compounds:783, 22395.T6694 Veratrum californicum (Liliaceae); JIA ZHOU LI LU; CalifornianFalsehellebore*. Isolated compounds: 4522.T6695 Veratrum eschscholtzii (Liliaceae); AI XI SHOU SHI LI LU;Eschscholtz Falsehellebore*. Isolated compounds: 15396.T6696 Veratrum fimbriatum (Liliaceae); LIU SU LI LU; FimbriateFalsehellebore*. Isolated compounds: 15396.T6697 Veratrum grandiflorum (Liliaceae); MAO YE LI LU; LargeflowerFalsehellebore. Used part: root and rhizome. TCM Effects: SeeVeratrum nigrum. TCM Indications: See Veratrum nigrum. Isolatedcompounds: 4337, 11866, 18643, 20056, 22386.Veratrum lobelianum = Veratrum album var. lobelianumT6698 Veratrum nigrum (Liliaceae); LI LU; Black Falsehellebore. Equivalentplant: Veratrum grandiflorum. Used part: root and rhizome. TCMEffects: To promote vomiting, dispel wind and transform phlegm,lower blood pressure, kill worms. TCM Indications: Wind stroke withcongesting phlegm, epilepsy, malaria, scab and lichen, malign sore.Isolated compounds: 3911, 4522, 8352, 11866, 18030, 19030, 20056,22395, 23031, 23032.T6699 Veratrum nigrum var. ussuriense (Liliaceae); WU SU LI LI LU; UssuriFalsehellebore. Isolated compounds: 18643, 22434.T6700 Veratrum viride (Liliaceae); LV LI LU; Green Falsehellebore. Isolatedcompounds: 8353, 11866, 15395, 15396, 15452, 22386.T6701 Verbascum lychnites (Scrophulariaceae); JIAN QIU LUO MAO RUIHUA; White Mullein. Isolated compounds: 56, 3306, 3307.T6702 Verbascum phlomoides (Scrophulariaceae); JU SE MAO RUI HUA;Orange Mullein. Isolated compounds: 4249.T6703 Verbascum saccatum (Scrophulariaceae); NANG ZHUANG MAORUI HUA; Saccate Mullein*. Isolated compounds: 19104.T6704 Verbascum sinuatum (Scrophulariaceae); DI ZHONG HAI MAO RUIHUA; Mediterranean Mullein. Isolated compounds: 580.T6705 Verbascum thapsus (Scrophulariaceae); MAO RUI HUA; FlannelMullein. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat andresolve toxin, stanch bleeding and dissipate stasis. TCM Indications:Pneumonia, chronic appendicitis, sore toxin, sprain from knocks andfalls, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 2004, 3306,4140, 18939.T6706 Verbascum wiedemannianum (Scrophulariaceae); ZI HUA GUANMAO RUI HUA; Purplered-corolla Mullein*. Isolated compounds:580, 7925, 12726, 13580, 22662, 22663, 22664, 22665, 22666.T6707 Verbena hastata (Verbenaceae); JI YE MA BIAN CAO; HastateVerbena. Isolated compounds: 9244, 22397.T6708 Verbena littoralis (Verbenaceae); HAI BIAN MA BIAN CAO; LittoralVerbena*. Isolated compounds: 8259, 12934.T6709 Verbena officinalis (Verbenaceae); MA BIAN CAO; European Verbena.Used part: aerial parts. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and dissipatestasis, interrupt malaria, resolve toxin, disinhibit water and disperseedema. TCM Indications: Malaria, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea,throat impediment, edema, heat strangury, diphtheria, bilharziosis,dysentery, concretion conglomeration accumulation and gathering.Isolated compounds: 618, 1792, 4060, 5735, 6123, 9244, 10698,

59422270, 22271, 22397.T6710 Verbena stricta (Verbenaceae); JIAN TING MA BIAN CAO; StrictVerbena*. Isolated compounds: 22397.T6711 Verbena triphylla [Syn. Lippia citriodora] (Verbenaceae); SAN YEMA BIAN CAO; Trifoliolate Verbena*. Isolated compounds: 3760,22399.T6712 Vernonia amygdalina (Asteraceae); BIAN TAO ZHUANG BAN JIUJU; Bitterleaf. Isolated compounds: 22405, 22412, 22414.T6713 Vernonia anthelmintica (Asteraceae); QU CHONG BAN JIU JU;Worm-killed Bitterleaf. Used part: fruit or whole herb. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and quicken blood, kill worms and relieve itch, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: White patch wind, skin diseases, oxyuriadisease, ascariasis. Isolated compounds: 2559, 22406.T6714 Vernonia chinense (Asteraceae); ZHONG GUO BAN JIU JU; ChineseBitterleaf*. Isolated compounds: 22407.T6715 Vernonia colorata (Asteraceae); YOU SE BAN JIU JU; ColorfulBitterleaf. Isolated compounds: 22412.T6716 Vernonia esculenta (Asteraceae); BAN JIU JU; Edible Bitterleaf. Usedpart: root or leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin,engender flesh and close sores. TCM Indications: Appendicitis, soreand boil, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds: 22405, 22411, 22413,22414.T6717 Vernonia flexuosa (Asteraceae); WAN YAN BAN JIU JU; FlexuousBitterleaf*. Isolated compounds: 22407, 22408.T6718 Vernonia guineensis (Asteraceae); JI NEI YA BAN JIU JU; GuineaBitterleaf*. Isolated compounds: 5490, 5493, 16861, 22409, 22410.T6719 Vernonia lasiopus (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 7032, 12541,22406.T6720 Vernonia pogosperma (Asteraceae); BO GE BAN JIU JU;Manysperma Bitterleaf*. Isolated compounds: 17600.T6721 Vernonia sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 7226.T6722 Veronica anagallis-aquatica (Scrophulariaceae); BEI SHUI KU MAI;Watery Speedwell. Used part: whole herb with insect gall fruit. TCMEffects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood and stanchbleeding. TCM Indications: Common cold, sore pharynx, taxationdamage hemoptysis, dysentery, blood strangury, menstrual disorder[=menoxenia], swelling of sores, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds:1538, 1539, 1540, 10353, 10355.T6723 Veronica arvensis (Scrophulariaceae); ZHI LI PO PO NA; CommonSpeedwell. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat,interrupt malaria. TCM Indications: Malaria. Isolated compounds:2004.T6724 Veronica liwanensis (Scrophulariaceae). Isolated compounds: 10352,10356.T6725 Veronica longifolia (Scrophulariaceae); CHANG WEI PO PO NA;Longleaf Speedwell. Isolated compounds: 10352, 10356.T6726 Veronica pectinata var. glandulosa (Scrophulariaceae); SHU CHI POPO NA; Pectinate Speedwell*. Isolated compounds: 6718, 22416,22417, 22418.T6727 Veronica persica (Scrophulariaceae); A LA BO PO PO NA; IranSpeedwell. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, strengthen lumbus, interrupt malaria. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, kidney vacuity lumbago,enduring malaria. Isolated compounds: 580, 1082, 2004, 3307, 6632,10353, 11195, 12577, 16994, 22392, 22403, 22415, 22419.T6728 Veronica serpyllifolia (Scrophulariaceae); XIAO PO PO NA;Thymeleaf Speedwell. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: Toquicken blood and dissipate stasis, stanch bleeding, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Knocks and falls, menstrual disorder, bleeding dueto external injury, mouth sore, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds:2004.T6729 Veronica spuria (Scrophulariaceae); YI ZHI XIANG; BastardSpeedwell. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To suppress cough,transform phlegm, calm asthma. TCM Indications: Chronic trachitis.Isolated compounds: 10351, 13504.T6730 Veronica thymoides ssp. pseudocinerea (Scrophulariaceae); JIA HUISE JIU LI XIANG PO PO NA; Thyme Speedwell*. Isolatedcompounds: 85, 2279, 3674, 6074, 6081, 7557, 10694, 10695, 11704.T6731 Veronicastrum sibiricum (Scrophulariaceae); ZHAN LONG JIAN;Siberian Veronicastrum. Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clearheat and resolve toxin, dispel wind and eliminate damp, relieve pain.TCM Indications: Wind-damp pain in lumbus and legs, courbature,common cold, cystitis, tuberculosis, bleeding due to external injury,poisonous snake bite, poisonous insect stings. Isolated compounds:3674, 4292, 5721, 12987, 13504, 14871, 19867, 19868, 19869, 19870,20685, 20686.T6732 Vespertilio superans (Vespertilionidae); YE MING SHA; Bat Dung.Used part: dried feces. TCM Effects: To clear heat and brighten eyes,dissipate blood and eliminate accumulation. TCM Indications:Clear-eye blindness, night blindness, internal or external obstructionand screen, scrofula, gan accumulation, malaria. Isolated compounds:3585, 22246, 22251.T6733 Vetiveria zizanioides (Poaceae); YAN LAN CAO; Vetiver. Isolatedcompounds: 22440, 22441.T6734 Viburnum awabuki (Caprifoliaceae); RI BEN JIA MI; JapaneseViburnum. Isolated compounds: 7033, 7034, 7036, 7037, 14399,14404, 14615, 14616, 14617, 14648, 14808, 15472, 15473, 15474,15475, 22443, 22444, 22446, 22448, 22451, 22452, 22453, 22454,22455, 22456, 22457, 22458.T6735 Viburnum dilatatum (Caprifoliaceae); JIA MI; Linden Viburnum. Usedpart: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To course wind and resolve exterior,clear heat and resolve toxin, quicken blood. TCM Indications:Wind-heat common cold, clove sore with fever, postpartum windtetany, fracture due to knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 15864.T6736 Viburnum erubescens (Caprifoliaceae); HONG JIA MI; RedViburnum*. Isolated compounds: 9259.T6737 Viburnum luzonicum (Caprifoliaceae); LV SONG JIA MI; LuzonViburnum*. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, quicken blood. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 13153, 13154,13155, 13156, 13157, 13158, 13159, 13160, 13161, 13162, 13163,13164, 13165, 13166, 13167.T6738 Viburnum odoratissimum (Caprifoliaceae); XIANG QI JIA MI; SweetViburnum*. Used part: Leaf, bark, root. TCM Effects: To dispel windand eliminate damp, free channels and quicken network vessels. TCMIndications: Common cold, wind-damp impediment pain, painful

595swelling from knocks and falls, fracture. Isolated compounds: 881,882, 7035, 7036, 7219, 7220, 10343, 10344, 10345, 10823, 14807,22442, 22443, 22444, 22445, 22446, 22447, 22449, 22450, 22459,22460.T6739 Viburnum prunifolium (Caprifoliaceae); YING YE JIA MI; Blackhaw.Isolated compounds: 19184.T6740 Viburnum suspensum (Caprifoliaceae); XUAN CHUI JIA MI; WeepingViburnum*. Isolated compounds: 10576, 10577, 16400.T6741 Viburnum tinus (Caprifoliaceae). Isolated compounds: 6378, 19543,22462, 22463.T6742 Vicia amoena (Fabaceae); SHAN YE WAN DOU; Broadleaf Vetch.Used part: whole herb. TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminatedamp, quicken blood and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-damppain, hypertonicity of sinews and vessels, scrotal eczema, knocks andfalls, innominate toxin swelling, nosebleed(epistaxis), flooding andspotting. Isolated compounds: 1069, 12020.T6743 Vicia angustifolia (Fabaceae); ZHAI YE YE WAN DOU; NarrowleafVetch. Isolated compounds: 18324, 18325, 22465.T6744 Vicia faba (Fabaceae); CAN DOU; Broadbean. Used part: seed. TCMEffects: To fortify spleen and disinhibit water, resolve toxin anddisperse swelling. TCM Indications: Diaphragm food, edema, soretoxin. Isolated compounds: 2331, 6558, 8806, 11825, 17425, 22466,22741, 22742.T6745 Vicia faba (Fabaceae); CAN DOU JIA KE; Broadbean Pericarp. Usedpart: pericarp. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, close sores. TCMIndications: Hemoptysis, nosebleed(epistaxis), hematuria, bleeding ofdigestive tract, heaven-borne sore, scalds. Isolated compounds: 6558,8806.T6746 Vicia faba (Fabaceae); CAN DOU JING; Broadbean Stem. Used part:stem. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, check diarrhea, resolve toxinand close sores. TCM Indications: Internal bleeding, water diarrhea,scalds. Isolated compounds: 8806.T6747 Vicia faba (Fabaceae); CAN DOU YE; Broadbean Leaf. Used part:leaf. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding, close sores. TCM Indications:Tuberculosis and hemoptysis, bleeding of digestive tract, bleeding dueto external injury, shank sore. Isolated compounds: 6558, 7853, 8806,12060, 17515.T6748 Vicia faba var. equina (Fabaceae); MA CAN DOU; Horse Bean.Isolated compounds: 22466.T6749 Vicia hirsuta (Fabaceae); XIAO CHAO CAI; Pigeon Vetch. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior and disinhibit damp,regulate menstruation and stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Jaundice,malaria, menstrual disorder, nosebleed(epistaxis), Vaginal discharge.Isolated compounds: 1502.T6750 Vicia sativa (Fabaceae); DA CHAO CAI; Common Vetch. Used part:whole herb or seed. TCM Effects: To boost kidney, disinhibit water,relieve cough, stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Kidney vacuitylumbago, jaundice, edema, malaria, nosebleed(epistaxis), palpitation,emission, menstrual disorder, toxin swelling of sores. Isolatedcompounds: 4452, 9717, 9798, 11642, 22465, 22466.T6751 Vicia sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 1048, 1866, 9798, 10165.T6752 Vigna angularis [Syn. Dolichus angularis; Phaseolus angularis](Fabaceae); CHI DOU; Assuki Bean. Used part: seed. TCM Effects:To disinhibit water, disperse edema and abate jaundice, clear heat,resolve toxin and disperse welling abscess. TCM Indications: Edema,leg qi, jaundice, strangury, hematochezia, swelling toxin sores, lichenpapules. Isolated compounds: 2058, 2059, 2060, 2065, 2066, 2067,2068, 2069, 2070, 13107, 17876.T6753 Vigna sp. (Fabaceae). Isolated compounds: 18859.T6754 Vigna unguiculata (Fabaceae); JIANG DOU; Cow-pea. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: To fortify spleen and disinhibit damp, supplementkidney and rough essence. TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach vacuity,diarrhea and dysentery, vomiting of sour matter, kidney vacuitylumbago, emission, diabetes mellitus, leukorrhea, white turbidity,frequent urination. Isolated compounds: 17047, 17048, 22474.T6755 Viguiera eriophora ssp. eriophora (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds:390, 2698, 2946, 7286, 9292, 12198, 12199, 12671, 21726.T6756 Viguiera puruana (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 447, 7286, 7408,12671.T6757 Viguiera stenoloba (Compositae). Isolated compounds: 22475.T6758 Viguiera tucumanensis (Compositae). Isolated compounds: 3840.T6759 Vinca erecta (Apocynaceae); ZHI LI CHANG CHUN HUA; ErectPeriwinkle. Isolated compounds: 12120, 12268, 22502, 22503.T6760 Vinca herbacea [Syn. Vinca major] (Apocynaceae); DA CHANGCHUN HUA; Greater Periwinkle. Isolated compounds: 12268, 18634,19762, 22489, 22490.Vinca major = Vinca herbaceaT6761 Vinca minor (Apocynaceae); MAN CHANG CHUN HUA; CommonPeriwinkle. Isolated compounds: 6677, 18623, 22489, 22495.T6762 Vinca sp. (Apocynaceae). Isolated compounds: 5191.T6763 Vincetoxicum officinale [Syn. Cynanchum vincetoxicum](Asclepiadaceae); YAO YONG BAI QIAN; White Swallow-wort.Isolated compounds: 22151, 22492.T6764 Vinegar CU Vinegar; Vinegar. TCM Effects: To stanch bleeding anddissipate stasis, resolve toxin and kill worms. TCM Indications:Postpartum blood dizziness, concretion and conglomeration, jaundice,yellow sweating, blood ejection, spontaneous external bleeding,hematochezia, itching in genital region, swelling of welling abscess,welling abscess and flat abscess with swelling sore. Isolatedcompounds: 108, 111, 5748, 7881.T6765 Viola sp. (Violaceae). Isolated compounds: 11183, 11184, 17470.T6766 Viola tricolor (Violaceae); SAN SE JIN; Garden Pansy. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To suppress cough. TCM Indications:Cough, scrofula, infection of upper respiratory tract. Isolatedcompounds: 2017, 2039, 17264, 22519, 22521.T6767 Viola yedoensis (Violaceae); ZI HUA DI DING; Tokyo Violet. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, coolblood and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Welling abscess andflat abscess with clove sore, erysipelas, mumps, mammary wellingabscess, intestinal welling abscess, scrofula, damp-heat diarrheadysentery, jaundice, red eyes with gall, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 1480, 1481, 1501, 11306, 22522.T6768 Virola caducifolia (Myristicaceae); LUO HUA NAN MEI ROU DOUKOU. Isolated compounds: 7883.T6769 Virola multinervia (Myristicaceae); DUO MAI NAN MEI ROU DOUKOU. Isolated compounds: 7883.

596T6770 Virola surinamensis [Syn. Myristica surinamensis] (Myristicaceae);SU LI NAN ROU DOU KOU; Ucahub; Baboen. Isolated compounds:10515, 10516, 14381, 14383, 20492.T6771 Viscum album (Loranthaceae); LUAN YE HU JI SHENG; WhiteMistletoe. Used part: stem and branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, strengthen sinews and bones, promote lactation. TCMIndications: Wind-damp impediment pain, limp wilting sinew andbone, lumbago and limp leg, postpartum scant milk. Isolatedcompounds: 22158.T6772 Viscum angulatum (Loranthaceae); LENG ZHI HU JI SHENG;Angulate Mistletoe*. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, strengthen sinews and bones, relieve cough, disperseswelling, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, aching in lumbus and legs, cough, hemoptysis,stomachache, stirring fetus disquieted, sore and boil, hypertension.Isolated compounds: 9604, 15279, 17404, 18683, 21179, 22540.T6773 Viscum articulactum (Loranthaceae); BIAN ZHI HU JI SHENG;Flatshort Mistletoe. Used part: branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: SeeViscum articulatum. TCM Indications: See Viscum articulatum.Isolated compounds: 16050, 17405, 17407.T6774 Viscum articulatum (Loranthaceae); FENG XIANG JI SHENG;Flatshoot Mistletoe. Equivalent plant: Viscum articulactum. Used part:branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To dispel wind and eliminate damp,soothe sinews and quicken blood, relieve cough and transform phlegm,stanch bleeding. TCM Indications: Wind-damp impediment pain, limpaching lumbus and knees, painful wound from knocks and falls,taxation damage cough, flooding and spotting with vaginal discharge,postpartum blood qi vacuity. Isolated compounds: 7338, 11083, 11084,11085, 12905, 16050, 22536.T6775 Viscum coloratum (Loranthaceae); HU JI SHENG; Colored Mistletoe.Used part: stem and branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,supplement liver and kidney, strengthen sinews and bones, quiet fetus.TCM Indications: Hypertension, cerebral and cardiovascular diseases,wind-damp impediment pain, limp aching lumbus and knees, stirringfetus in pregnancy. Isolated compounds: 7280, 9604, 9605, 9705,14418, 16050, 18675, 22536, 22537, 22538, 22539, 22540, 22541,22542.T6776 Viscum cruciatum (Loranthaceae); SHI ZI XING FENG JI SHENG;Cruciate Mistletoe*. Isolated compounds: 4930.T6777 Viscum multinerve (Loranthaceae); BING GUO HU JI SHENG;Stipefruit Mistletoe. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind-damp, supplement liver and kidney, quicken blood and relievepain, quiet fetus, promote lactation. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, pain in lumbus and legs, knocks and falls,hypertension, stirring fetus disquieted, breast milk stoppage. Isolatedcompounds: 16823, 18675.T6778 Viscum sp. (Loranthaceae). Isolated compounds: 19922.T6779 Vismia guianensis (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 22543, 22544,22545, 22546, 22547, 22548, 22549.T6780 Vismia orientalis (Clusiaceae); DONG FANG WEI SI MU; OrientalVismia*. Isolated compounds: 2346, 6776, 8325, 22551.T6781 Vismia sp. (Clusiaceae). Isolated compounds: 13808.T6782 Vitex agnuscastus (Verbenaceae); SUI HUA MU JING; LilacChastetree. Isolated compounds: 750, 751, 752, 5308.T6783 Vitex altissima (Verbenaceae); ZUI GAO MU JING YE; HighestChastetree Leaf*. Isolated compounds: 1009, 9827.T6784 Vitex littoralis (Verbenaceae); BIN MU JING; Littoral Chastetree*.Isolated compounds: 11773, 22581.T6785 Vitex lucens (Verbenaceae); XIN XI LAN MU JING; Puriri. Isolatedcompounds: 2455, 11773, 22581.T6786 Vitex megapotamica (Verbenaceae). Isolated compounds: 18162.T6787 Vitex negundo (Verbenaceae); HUANG JING GEN; NegundoChastetree Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To resolve exterior,relieve cough, dispel wind and eliminate damp, rectify qi and relievepain. TCM Indications: Common cold, chronic trachitis, wind-dampimpediment pain, stomachache, sand qi, abdominal pain. Isolatedcompounds: 15322, 15323.T6788 Vitex negundo (Verbenaceae); HUANG JING YE; Negundo ChastetreeLeaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve exterior,resolve toxin and disinhibit damp. TCM Indications: Common cold,summerheat stroke, vomiting and diarrhea, dysentery, malaria,jaundice, rheumatism, painful swelling from knocks and falls, sore andwelling abscess, scab and lichen. Isolated compounds: 107, 2259,3300, 5319, 5387, 5401, 5536, 6483, 6500, 9507, 10252, 15324,15628.T6789 Vitex negundo (Verbenaceae); HUANG JING ZHONG ZI; NegundoChastetree Seed*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andresolve exterior, relieve cough and calm asthma, rectify qi and dispersefood with relieving pain. TCM Indications: Wind damage andcommon cold, cough, asthma, stomachache with acid regurgitation,indigestion, food accumulation diarrhea, cholecystitis, gallstones,mounting qi [=hernia]. Isolated compounds: 5279, 5582, 10185, 22565,22566, 22567, 22594, 22595.T6790 Vitex rotundifolia [Syn. Vitex trifollia var. simplicifolia] (Verbenaceae);DAN YE MAN JING; Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree. Isolatedcompounds: 5279, 5280, 5281, 22590, 22591, 22592, 22593, 22594,22595.T6791 Vitex rotundifolia [Syn. Vitex trifollia var. simplicifolia] (Verbenaceae);DAN YE MAN JING ZI; Simpleleaf Shrub Chastetree Fruit. Used part:seed. TCM Effects: See Vitex trifolia. TCM Indications: See Vitextrifolia. Isolated compounds: 159, 1792, 3045, 3300, 6160, 11208,17376, 17377, 18656, 22571, 22575, 22576, 22577, 22578, 22580.T6792 Vitex trifolia (Verbenaceae); MAN JING YE; Threeleaf ChastetreeLeaf. Equivalent plant: DAN YE MAN JING YE. Used part: leaf.TCM Effects: To disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCM Indications:Head wind, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 20999.T6793 Vitex trifolia (Verbenaceae); MAN JING ZI; Threeleaf Chastetree Fruit.Equivalent plant: Vitex rotundifolia. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: Todispel wind-heat, clear head and eyes. TCM Indications: Externallycontracted wind-heat, dizziness and headache, migraine, gum swellingand pain, red eyes with gall, delacrimation, wind-damp impedimentpain, hypertonicity of limbs. Isolated compounds: 6, 227, 3300, 3624,3689, 4204, 4205, 5718, 9818, 12891, 15203, 16066, 16561, 17089,17851, 18955, 19983, 19987, 20280, 20995, 21414, 22336, 22568,22569, 22570, 22571, 22572, 22573, 22574, 22579, 22580, 22581.Vitex trifollia var. simplicifolia = Vitex rotundifolia

597T6794 Vitis amurensis (Vitaceae); SHAN PU TAO; Amur Grape. Used part:fruit. TCM Effects: To clear heat and disinhibit urine. TCMIndications: Heat vexation and thirst, urinary tract infection, inhibitedurination. Isolated compounds: 1090, 1092, 1093, 1095, 17889, 22505,22506, 22508, 22584, 22585, 22588, 22589.T6795 Vitis coignetiae (Vitaceae); XIE PU TAO; Coigne Grape*. Isolatedcompounds: 22586.T6796 Vitis sp. (Vitaceae). Isolated compounds: 13460.T6797 Vitis spp. (Vitaceae). Isolated compounds: 18643.T6798 Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae); PU (2) TAO; European Grape. Used part: fruit.TCM Effects: To supplement qi and blood, strengthen sinews andbones, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Vacuity of qi and blood,lung vacuity cough, palpitation and night sweating, wind-dampimpediment pain, strangury, edema. Isolated compounds: 943, 1445,1446, 1447, 2808, 3308, 3318, 7026, 8095, 8307, 8806, 9696, 9818,14229, 16010, 16550, 16901, 17024, 17869, 17876, 17884, 18163,18643, 18644, 18645, 18646, 19912, 20715, 21849, 22504, 22505,22507, 22587.T6799 Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae); PU TAO TENG YE; European Grape Stemand Leaf. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andeliminate damp, disinhibit water and disperse edema, resolve toxin.TCM Indications: Edema, inhibited urination, red eyes, swollenwelling abscess, wind-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds:8806, 18421.T6800 Viverra zibetha (Viverridae); LING MAO XIANG; Civet. Used part:secretion with a musky odor secreted from anal scent glands. TCMEffects: To move qi, quicken blood, quiet spirit, relieve pain. TCMIndications: Sudden pain in heart and abdomen, mounting qi. Isolatedcompounds: 3780, 7420, 11025, 17935, 19459.T6801 Vladimiria denticulata (Asteraceae); YUE XI MU XIANG;Denticulate Vladimiria. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To rectify qi,relieve pain. TCM Indications: Pain in stomach duct and rib-side,diarrhea, dysentery, indigestion. Isolated compounds: 4128, 4891.T6802 Vladimiria souliei [Syn. Jurinea souliei] (Asteraceae); CHUAN MUXIANG; Common Vladimiria. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To moveqi and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Distending pain in stomach duct,rumbling intestines and diarrhea, tenesmus, liver gallbladder pain.Isolated compounds: 4128, 4891, 13588, 15705.T6803 Volvariella volvacea (Pluteaceae); CAO GU; Straw Mushroom. Usedpart: sporocarp. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve summerheat,supplement qi and blood, lower blood pressure. TCM Indications:Summerheat-heat vexation and thirst, vacuity and hypodynamia,hypertension. Isolated compounds: 14229, 14237.T6804 Vouacapoua americana (Fabaceae); MEI GUO KE YA SHU;American Vouacapoua*. Isolated compounds: 3276, 14814, 22619.T6805 Vouacapoua macropetala (Fabaceae); CHANG HUA BAN KE YASHU; Longpetal Vouacapoua*. Isolated compounds: 17278.WT6806 Walsura piscidia (Meliaceae); PI XI DI GE SHE SHU; PiscidiCuttongue tree*. Isolated compounds: 17480.T6807 Walsura yunnanensis (Meliaceae); YUN NAN GE SHE SHU; YunnanCuttongue tree. Isolated compounds: 22631.T6808 Waltheria americana (Sterculiaceae); HE TA CAO; Florida Waltheria.Used part: root and stem. TCM Effects: To expel wind and eliminatedamp, resolve toxin and eliminate inflammation. TCM Indications:Vaginal discharge, welling abscess and boil, mastitis. Isolatedcompounds: 648, 649, 650, 651.T6809 Waltheria douradinha (Sterculiaceae). Isolated compounds: 14815,22632, 22633, 22634.T6810 Warburgia salutaris . Isolated compounds: 22638.T6811 Warburgia stuhlmannii . Isolated compounds: 6377, 11670, 15023,15024, 15025.T6812 Warburgia ugandensis . Isolated compounds: 12017, 12084, 12100,18388.T6813 Warionia saharae . Isolated compounds: 4941, 5274, 5275, 5494, 5794,7115, 7182, 9564, 10155, 14195, 14978, 18673, 19128, 19129.Wedelia calendulacea = Wedelia chinensisT6814 Wedelia chinensis [Syn. Solidago chinensis; Wedelia calendulacea](Asteraceae); PENG QI JU; Chinese Wedelia. Used part: whole herb.TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve toxin, cool blood and dissipatestasis. TCM Indications: Common cold with fever, pharyngolaryngitis,parotitis, tonsillitis, diphtheria, pertussis, trachitis, pneumonia,tuberculosis and hemoptysis, nosebleed(epistaxis), hematuria,infective hepatitis, dysentery, hemorrhoids, swelling toxin of clovesore. Isolated compounds: 5101.T6815 Wedelia sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 11794.T6816 Welwitschia mirabilis (Welwitschiaceae); BAI SUI YE; LonglivedLeaf. Isolated compounds: 8881.T6817 widely distributed in nature ; Widely distributed in nature. Isolatedcompounds: 618, 19759, 21342, 22324.T6818 Wigandia urens (Hydrophyllaceae). Isolated compounds: 6008, 14004,14027.T6819 Wikstroemia chamaedaphne (Thymelaeaceae); HE SHUO YAO HUA;Lowdaphne Stringbush. Used part: bud. TCM Effects: To drainprecipitation and expel water, reduce phlegm. TCM Indications:Edema, distention fullness in stomach duct, phlegm-rheum, cough andcounterflow with asthma and fullness, infective hepatitis,shcizophrenia, epilepsy. Isolated compounds: 15935, 22929.T6820 Wikstroemia indica (Thymelaeaceae); LIAO GE WANG GEN; IndianStringbush Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To clear heat,disinhibit urine, resolve toxin, break accumulation and kill worms.TCM Indications: Pertussis, rheumatic arthritis, leprosy, bronchialasthma, amebic dysentery, pneumonia, epidemic parotitis, edema,scrofula, toxin swelling of sores, swelling and pus of sores, knocks andfalls. Isolated compounds: 1621, 2490, 2491, 4651, 4657, 11017,15805, 15809, 19891, 19892, 20556, 21589, 22668.T6821 Wikstroemia lanceolata (Thymelaeaceae); PI ZHEN XING YAO HUA;Lanceolate Stringbush*. Isolated compounds: 1537, 5376, 6204, 9035,9544.T6822 Wikstroemia monticola (Thymelaeaceae); SHAN DI YAO HUA;Country Stringbush*. Isolated compounds: 19902.T6823 Wikstroemia sikokiana (Thymelaeaceae); SI GUO YAO HUA; SikoStringbush*. Isolated compounds: 19890.T6824 Wikstroemia sp. (Thymelaeaceae). Isolated compounds: 17409, 20556.T6825 Winchia calophylla (Apocynaceae); PEN JIA SHU; Prettyleaf Winchia.

598Used part: leaf or bark. TCM Effects: To relieve cough and calmasthma. TCM Indications: Cough and asthma, enduring cough andasthma. Isolated compounds: 372, 6698.T6826 Wisteria sinensis (Fabaceae); ZI TENG; Chinese Wisteria. Used part:stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To disinhibit water, eliminate impediment,kill worms. TCM Indications: Edema, pain in joints, intestinalparasitic disease. Isolated compounds: 916, 917, 4594.T6827 Wisteria sinensis (Fabaceae); ZI TENG ZI; Chinese Wisteria Seed.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To quicken blood and free networkvessels, resolve toxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Pain in sinewsand bones, vomiting diarrhea with abdominal pain, child oxyuriadisease. Isolated compounds: 4594.T6828 Withania coagulans (Solanaceae); NING GU SHUI QIE; CoagulateWithania. Isolated compounds: 3859, 9743, 10092, 22699, 22702.T6829 Withania somnifera (Solanaceae); CUI MIAN SHUI QIE;Somniferous Withania. Isolated compounds: 3859, 5739, 5740, 5879,5880, 7082, 7128, 7129, 7210, 7210, 7211, 7212, 7213, 10587, 10828,13181, 14230, 16789, 17237, 21148, 22698, 22700, 22700, 22700,22702, 22704, 22705, 22706, 22707, 22708, 22709, 22710, 22711,22712, 22713, 22714.T6830 Woodfordia fruticosa (Lythraceae); XIA ZI HUA; ShrubbyWoodwardia. Used part: root or flower. TCM Effects: To quickenblood and stanch bleeding, soothe sinews and quicken network vessels.TCM Indications: Dysmenorrhea, menstrual block, flooding,nosebleed(epistaxis), coughing of blood, intestinal wind bleeding,dysentery, wind-damp impediment pain, taxation damage in lumbarmuscle, knocks and falls. Isolated compounds: 15719.T6831 Woodwardia orientalis (Blechnaceae); DONG FANG GOU JI; OrientalChain Fern. Used part: rhizome. TCM Effects: To dispel wind-damp,supplement liver and kidney, strengthen lumbus and knees, resolvetoxin, kill worms. TCM Indications: Aching pain in lumbus and back,knee pain and legs weakness, dysentery, flooding and spotting,leukorrhea, child gan accumulation, concretion and conglomeration,snake bite. Isolated compounds: 3040, 3042, 3043, 3044, 11067,17700, 19987, 19997, 22721, 22722.T6832 Woodwardia virginica (Blechnaceae); FU JI NI YA GOU JI JUE;Virginia Chain Fern. Isolated compounds: 22723, 22724, 22725.T6833 Wrightia javanica (Apocynaceae); ZHAO WA DAO DIAO BI; JavaWrightia*. Isolated compounds: 22735, 22736.T6834 Wrightia tomentosa (Apocynaceae); YAN MU; Tomentose Wrightia.Used part: root or stem. TCM Effects: To resolve toxin and disperseswelling. TCM Indications: Snake bite. Isolated compounds: 11340,22733.XT6835 Xanthium canadense (Asteraceae); JIA NA DA CANG ER; CanadianCocklebur*. Isolated compounds: 9740, 11203.T6836 Xanthium chasei (Asteraceae); CAI SI CANG ER; Chase Cocklebur*.Isolated compounds: 22780.T6837 Xanthium chinense (Asteraceae); ZHONG GUO CANG ER; Burweed.Isolated compounds: 22780.T6838 Xanthium commune (Asteraceae); PU TONG CANG ER; CommonCocklebur*. Isolated compounds: 22757.T6839 Xanthium occidentale (Asteraceae); XI FANG CANG ER; OccidentalCocklebur*. Isolated compounds: 22780.T6840 Xanthium orientale (Asteraceae); DONG FANG CANG ER; OrientalCocklebur*. Isolated compounds: 22757.T6841 Xanthium pennsylvanicum (Asteraceae); BIN XI FA NI YA CANG ER;Pennsylvanian Cocklebur*. Isolated compounds: 22755.T6842 Xanthium riparium (Asteraceae); XIAO XI CANG ER; RipplyCocklebur*. Isolated compounds: 22755.T6843 Xanthium sibiricum [Syn. Xanthium strumarium] (Asteraceae); CANGER; Siberian Cocklebur. Used part: stem-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind, dissipate heat, eliminate damp, resolve toxin. TCM Indications:Allergic rhinitis, nervous headache, rheumatic arthritis, pain in limbs,sciatica, eczema, itchy skin, chronic sinus infections, otitis media,parotitis, common cold, head wind, dizziness, deep-source nasalcongestion, red eyes, eye screen, wind-damp impediment pain,hypertonicity and numbness, wind lai, clove sore, scab and lichen,itchy skin, hemorrhoids, dysentery. Isolated compounds: 5413, 11590,20369, 21552, 22755, 22757, 22780.T6844 Xanthium sp. (Asteraceae). Isolated compounds: 22755.Xanthium strumarium = Xanthium sibiricumT6845 Xanthoceras sorbifolia (Sapindaceae); WEN GUAN MU; Shinyleafyellowhorn. Used part: stem or branch-leaf. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and eliminate damp, disperse swelling and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Wind-damp-heat impediment, pain in sinews and bones.Isolated compounds: 15170, 18317, 22758.T6846 Xanthorhiza simplicissima (Asteraceae); HUANG GEN SHU;Yellowroot. Isolated compounds: 15885, 16439.Xanthoxylum americanum = Zanthoxylum americanumT6847 Xeranthemum cylindraceum (Asteraceae); CHANG TONG HAN HUA;Cylinder Immortelle. Isolated compounds: 22784.T6848 Xerocomus badius (Boletaceae); HE RONG GAI NIU GAN JUN; BayBolete. Isolated compounds: 15717.T6849 Xylaria sp. Isolated compounds: 6267, 10207, 10505.T6850 Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae); FANG XIANG MU BAN SHU;Aromatic Xylopia*. Isolated compounds: 22816, 22817.T6851 Xylopia buxifolia (Annonaceae); HUANG YANG YE MU BAN SHU;Boxleaf Xylopia*. Isolated compounds: 15797.T6852 Xylopia columbiana (Annonaceae); GE LUN BI YA MU BAN SHU;Columbia Xylopia*. Isolated compounds: 1459, 1770, 13634, 13715,15885, 21258.T6853 Xylopia discreta (Annonaceae); XI SHU MU BAN SHU; DiscreteXylopia*. Isolated compounds: 22818.T6854 Xylopia parviflora (Annonaceae); XIAO HUA MU BAN SHU;Smallflower Xylopia*. Isolated compounds: 4886, 5602, 6316, 14674,14708, 22819.T6855 Xylopia vielana (Annonaceae); MU BAN SHU; Common Xylopia.Isolated compounds: 22469, 22470, 22471, 22472, 22473.YT6856 Yathea podophylla (Cyatheaceae); BING YE SUO LUO. Isolatedcompounds: 6612, 10121, 19979.T6857 Yeast and other biological sources. Isolated compounds: 22255.

599ZT6858 Zanthoxylum acanthopodium (Rutaceae); CI HUA JIAO; AcanthoidPricklyash*. Used part: root or fruit. TCM Effects: To warm centerand dissipate cold, kill worms and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Coldpain in stomach duct and abdomen, wind-cold-damp impediment,knocks and falls, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation. Isolatedcompounds: 7719, 17572, 19540, 19777, 20665.T6859 Zanthoxylum acutifolium (Rutaceae); JIAN YE HUA JIAO; Acute-leafPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 595, 597, 598.T6860 Zanthoxylum ailanthoides (Rutaceae); CHU YE HUA JIAO;Ailanthus-like Pricklyash. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To warmcenter, dry damp, kill worms, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Coldpain in heart and abdomen, cold rheum, diarrhea, cold dysentery, dampimpediment, red and white vaginal discharge, toothache. Isolatedcompounds: 775, 776, 5445, 12571, 15631, 19618, 22781.T6861 Zanthoxylum ailanthoides (Rutaceae); CHU YE HUA JIAO GEN;Ailanthus-like Pricklyash Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, quicken blood and dissipate stasis,disinhibit water and disperse edema. TCM Indications: Wind-dampimpediment pain, abdominal pain and diarrhea, inhibited urination[=dysuria], bleeding due to external injury, knocks and falls, poisonoussnake bites. Isolated compounds: 15631.T6862 Zanthoxylum ailanthoides (Rutaceae); CHU YE HUA JIAO PI;Ailanthus-like Pricklyash Bark. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and eliminate damp, free network vessels and relieve pain,disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, painin lumbus and knees, knocks and falls, abdominal pain and diarrhea,inhibited urination, toothache, eczema, scab and lichen. Isolatedcompounds: 5445, 12571, 15631, 17572, 20002, 22781.T6863 Zanthoxylum americanum [Syn. Xanthoxylum americanum] (Rutaceae);MEI ZHOU HUA JIAO; Pricklyash. Isolated compounds: 941, 6484,15631, 22777, 22781.T6864 Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae); MAO ZHU YE HUA JIAO;Armate-leaf Pricklyash*. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dissipatecold, relieve pain, expel roundworm. TCM Indications: Stomach cold,stomachache due to roundworm, toothache, damp sore. Isolatedcompounds: 1737.T6865 Zanthoxylum arnottianum (Rutaceae); A NUO TI HUA JIAO; ArnottiPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 1833, 5445, 13571.T6866 Zanthoxylum avicennae (Rutaceae); YING BU BO; Avicenna’sPricklyash. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind andtransform damp, disperse swelling and free network vessels. TCMIndications: Swelling pain in throat, yellow swelling, malaria,wind-damp bone pain, contusion from knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 2035, 2037, 6454, 15631.T6867 Zanthoxylum belizense (Rutaceae); BO LI ZI HUA JIAO; BelizPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 3096, 3770.T6868 Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum (Rutaceae); DUAN CI HUA JIAO;Shortspine Pricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 3057, 14209.T6869 Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Rutaceae); HUA JIAO; Bunge Pricklyash.Equivalent plant: Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Used part: pericarp. TCMEffects: To warm center and relieve pain, dispel damp and kill worms.TCM Indications: Spleen-stomach vacuity cold, cold pain in stomachduct and abdomen, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and vomitingdue to roundworm. Isolated compounds: 2745, 3689, 4357, 7385,14538, 15631, 19468, 20002, 20992, 20995, 22966, 22969.T6870 Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Rutaceae); HUA JIAO GEN; BungePricklyash Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To kill worms. TCMIndications: Vacuity cold of kidney and bladder, blood strangury,beriberi, damp sore. Isolated compounds: 20002.T6871 Zanthoxylum clava-hercules (Rutaceae); MEI GUO CI JIAO;Hercules’ Club. Isolated compounds: 9428, 15631, 17572.T6872 Zanthoxylum cuspidatum (Rutaceae); HUA JIAO LE; CuspidatePricklyash. Used part: stem-leaf or root. TCM Effects: To quickenblood, dissipate stasis, relieve pain. TCM Indications: Stasis stagnationpain in stomach duct and abdomen, knocks and falls. Isolatedcompounds: 9226, 11237, 12917, 15631, 15632.T6873 Zanthoxylum decaryi (Rutaceae); DE KA RUI HUA JIAO; DecaryPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 1833, 5445.T6874 Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum var. spinifolum (Rutaceae); CI YI YEHUA JIAO; Spinyleaf Prickleyash. Used part: root. TCM Effects: Todispel wind and dissipate cold, dissipate stasis and settle pain, stanchbleeding and engender flesh. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-dampimpediment, wind-cold cough, knocks and falls, static blood swellingpain, bleeding due to external injury. Isolated compounds: 6026.T6875 Zanthoxylum dipetalum (Rutaceae); ER DUN ZHUANG HUA JIAO;Twopetaline Pricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 3096.T6876 Zanthoxylum dissitum (Rutaceae); DA YE HUA JIAO; ShellfishPricklyash. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold andrelieve pain, regulate menstruation. TCM Indications: Mounting qi(hernia), profuse menstruation. Isolated compounds: 15631.T6877 Zanthoxylum dissitum (Rutaceae); DA YE HUA JIAO GEN; ShellfishPricklyash Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, rectify qi and quicken blood. TCM Indications:Wind-cold-damp impediment, qi stagnation and pain in stomach duct,cold mounting with abdominal pain, toothache, knocks and falls.Isolated compounds: 15631.T6878 Zanthoxylum echinocarpum (Rutaceae); CI KE HUA JIAO; SpinyfruitPricklyash. Used part: root, root cortex or stem-leaf. TCM Effects: Todisperse food and assisting movement, move qi and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Spleen weakness and functional weakness, reduced foodintake with abdominal distention, qi stagnation and pain in stomachduct. Isolated compounds: 15631.T6879 Zanthoxylum elephantiasis (Rutaceae); HOU PI HUA JIAO; ThickbarkPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 3070, 3096, 12571.T6880 Zanthoxylum flavum (Rutaceae); HUANG XIN HUA JIAO;Yellow-heart Pricklyash. Isolated compounds: 15631.T6881 Zanthoxylum hamiltonianum (Rutaceae); GAO SHAN HUA JIAO;Alpine Pricklyash. Isolated compounds: 2284.T6882 Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum (Rutaceae); QUAN YUAN YE HUAJIAO; Integrifolious Pricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 147, 4648,5347, 9742, 10236, 10237, 12498, 12499, 12500, 19298, 21057.T6883 Zanthoxylum myriacanthum (Rutaceae); DA YE CHOU HUA JIAO;Manyspiny Pricklyash*. Used part: stem and branch-leaf. TCMEffects: To dispel wind-damp, resolve toxin and disperse swelling,

600stanch bleeding and relieve pain. TCM Indications: Wind-coldcommon cold, wind-damp impediment pain, fracture due to knocksand falls, bleeding due to external injury, burns and scalds, poisonoussnake bite. Isolated compounds: 15631.T6884 Zanthoxylum nitidum (Rutaceae); RU DI JIN NIU; ShinyleafPricklyash. Used part: root or branchlet-leaf . TCM Effects: To dispelwind and free network vessels, disperse swelling and relieve pain.TCM Indications: Wind-damp bone pain, stomachache, toothache,throat impediment, scrofula, burns and scalds. Isolated compounds:1833, 2523, 3499, 6454, 11093, 11237, 11423, 12917, 14819, 15631,15632, 16443, 16454, 16477, 19540, 19777.T6885 Zanthoxylum ovalifolium (Rutaceae); TUO YUAN YE HUA JIAO;Ellipticleaf Pricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 3096.T6886 Zanthoxylum piperitum (Rutaceae); HU JIAO HUA JIAO; JapanesePricklyash. Isolated compounds: 1833, 7703, 13716, 19777, 22779,23023, 23024, 23025, 23026, 23027, 23028.T6887 Zanthoxylum planispinum (Rutaceae); ZHU YE JIAO; BambooleafPricklyash. Used part: fruit. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold, relievepain, expel roundworm. TCM Indications: Stomach cold, stomachachedue to roundworm, toothache, damp sore. Isolated compounds: 5445,7703, 20002, 22771.T6888 Zanthoxylum planispinum (Rutaceae); ZHU YE JIAO GEN;Bambooleaf Pricklyash Root. Used part: root. TCM Effects: To dispelwind and quicken blood, dissipate cold and relieve pain. TCMIndications: Common cold with headache, cough, vomiting anddiarrhea, pain in joints due to rheumatalgia, knocks and falls,toothache. Isolated compounds: 5445, 7703, 17504, 22771.T6889 Zanthoxylum podocarpum (Rutaceae); BING GUO HUA JIAO;Stalkedfruit Pricklyash. Used part: bark. TCM Effects: To dispel cold,settle pain, course wind, fortify stomach. TCM Indications:Wind-damp pain in sinew and bone, throat pain, summerheat stroke,knocks and falls, snake bite. Isolated compounds: 17572, 17587.T6890 Zanthoxylum rhesta (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 10117.T6891 Zanthoxylum rubescens (Rutaceae); HONG HUA JIAO; RedPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 9818, 14444.T6892 Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Rutaceae); QING JIAO; PeppertreePricklyash. Used part: pericarp. TCM Effects: See Zanthoxylumbungeanum. TCM Indications: See Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Isolatedcompounds: 147, 1186, 2010, 2309, 3926, 14112, 19467, 19468,19470, 19540, 20002, 22195.T6893 Zanthoxylum simulans (Rutaceae); YE HUA JIAO GEN; FlatspinePricklyash Root. Used part: root cortex. or stem cortex. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and eliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: wind-cold-damp impediment, sinewand bone numbness, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, vomitingand diarrhea, toothache, skin sores, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 19904, 19905, 19906, 19907.T6894 Zanthoxylum simulans (Rutaceae); YE HUA JIAO PI; FlatspinePricklyash Bark. Used part: root cortex or stem cortex. TCM Effects:To dispel wind and eliminate damp, dissipate cold and relieve pain,resolve toxin. TCM Indications: Wind-cold-damp impediment, sinewand bone numbness, cold pain in stomach duct and abdomen, vomitingand diarrhea, toothache, skin sores, poisonous snake bites. Isolatedcompounds: 9656, 16443, 18830.T6895 Zanthoxylum simulans (Rutaceae); YE HUA JIAO YE; FlatspinePricklyash Leaf. Used part: leaf. TCM Effects: To dispel wind anddissipate cold, fortify stomach and expel worms, dispel damp andcheck diarrhea, quicken blood and free menstruation. TCM Indications:Knocks and falls, wind-damp pain, pain of blood stasis, amenorrhea,hemoptysis, blood ejection, pain wind in joints. Isolated compounds:370, 2227, 12850, 14037, 19297, 19540, 22967, 22969.T6896 Zanthoxylum sp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 126, 136, 775, 776,1737, 2034, 4348, 4349, 4967, 5549, 5858, 6040, 6261, 6262, 7063,11286, 11423, 12611, 12612, 13801, 14086, 14121, 15335, 16423,16978, 17411, 17413, 17417, 19469, 19471, 20658, 22965, 22968,22970, 22972.T6897 Zanthoxylum spp. (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds: 3498.T6898 Zanthoxylum tsihanimposa (Rutaceae); QI HAN NING HUA JIAO;Tsihanim Pricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 7703.T6899 Zanthoxylum veneficium (Rutaceae); DU HUA JIAO; VenenousPricklyash*. Isolated compounds: 3057, 14209.T6900 Zea mays (Poaceae); YU MI FU; Maize Bran. Isolated compounds:4977.T6901 Zea mays (Poaceae); YU MI XU; Maize Style. Used part: style andstigma. TCM Effects: To disinhibit urine and disperse edema, clearliver and disinhibit gallbladder. TCM Indications: Edema, dribblingurination, jaundice, cholecystitis, gallstones, hypertension, diabetesmellitus, galactostasis. Isolated compounds: 11083, 11084, 11085.T6902 Zea mays (Poaceae); YU SHU SHU; Maize. Used part: seed. TCMEffects: To regulate center and increase appetite, boost lung and quietheart, disinhibit urine. TCM Indications: Inappetence, inhibitedurination, edema, urethral stone. Isolated compounds: 933, 3208, 3210,3215, 3605, 3606, 4293, 8078, 10609, 18261, 19983, 20369, 20434,22058, 22975, 22976.T6903 Zephyranthes candida (Amaryllidaceae); GAN FENG CAO; AutumnZephyrlily. Used part: herb. TCM Effects: To calm liver andextinguish wind. TCM Indications: Infant fright wind, epilepsy,tetanus. Isolated compounds: 9187, 13241, 15496, 17850, 20891.Zephyranthes carinata = Zephyranthes grandifloraT6904 Zephyranthes grandiflora [Syn. Zephyranthes carinata](Amaryllidaceae); FENG YU HUA; Rosepink Zephyrlily. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To cool blood and stanch bleeding, resolvetoxin and disperse swelling. TCM Indications: Blood ejection,hematochezia, flooding and spotting, red swollen due to knocks andfalls, red swollen sore and welling abscess, poisonous snake bite.Isolated compounds: 3198, 16601.T6905 Zexmenia brevifolia DUAN YE PENG QI JU. Isolated compounds:22987.T6906 Zexmenia buphthalmiflora NIU YAN PENG QI JU. Isolatedcompounds: 18229.T6907 Zingiber aromaticum (Zingiberaceae); FANG XIANG JIANG;Aromatic Ginger. Isolated compounds: 4680, 7105, 7106, 8395, 8396,8397, 9664, 9668, 12024, 12025, 12026, 12035, 12036, 12037, 12044,12070, 12082, 12099, 19846, 19847, 19983, 19987, 21600, 22984,22985.T6908 Zingiber cassumunar (Zingiberaceae); YE JIANG; Cassumuna

601Ginger*. Isolated compounds: 6277, 6278, 6279, 6280, 6282, 10438,21924.T6909 Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae); GAN JIANG; Common GingerDried Rhizome. Used part: dried rhizome. TCM Effects: To warmcenter and dissipate cold, return yang and free vessels, warm lung andtransform rheum. TCM Indications: Cold pain in stomach duct andabdomen, vomiting, diarrhea, yang-collapse reversal flow, cold rheumasthma cough, cold-damp impediment pain. Isolated compounds: 2412,3045, 3689, 3760, 3761, 3762, 4390, 4550, 4833, 5302, 7162, 7728,8312, 8386, 8387, 8388, 8389, 8390, 8391, 8394, 8395, 8396, 8397,8398, 9409, 9498, 10178, 10179, 10189, 11438, 12843, 13802, 15681,15685, 17055, 19787, 19846, 23003, 23004.T6910 Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae); SHENG JIANG; Fresh CommonGinger. Used part: fresh rhizome. TCM Effects: To dissipate cold andresolve exterior, downbear counterflow and check vomiting, relievecough and transform phlegm. TCM Indications: Wind-cold commoncold, fever and aversion to wind, headache and nasal congestion,vomiting, phlegm-rheum cough asthma, distention fullness, diarrhea.Isolated compounds: 135, 210, 336, 399, 675, 928, 2306, 2412, 2550,2787, 3045, 3048, 3150, 3151, 3194, 3242, 3351, 3689, 3760, 3761,3762, 3768, 3769, 4029, 4305, 4390, 4550, 4921, 4922, 5288, 5302,5503, 5906, 6358, 6741, 6742, 6746, 7119, 7162, 7393, 7418, 7454,7475, 7514, 7523, 7729, 7730, 7734, 7750, 7752, 8082, 8312, 8313,8382, 8383, 8384, 8385, 8386, 8389, 8390, 8391, 8394, 8395, 8399,8400, 8849, 9408, 9409, 10011, 10183, 10184, 10436, 10448, 10452,11259, 11260, 11438, 11752, 12843, 12849, 13742, 13743, 13802,14111, 14127, 14463, 14464, 14475, 14529, 14601, 15498, 15499,15500, 15683, 15686, 15687, 15926, 15973, 15974, 16650, 16926,17056, 17376, 17425, 17916, 17930, 19121, 19307, 19846, 19848,19849, 19850, 19851, 20990, 20992, 20995, 20998, 21349, 21598,21975, 23003, 23004, 23022.T6911 Zingiber zerumbet (Zingiberaceae); HONG QIU JIANG; ZerumbetGinger. Isolated compounds: 9671, 9672, 10834, 22984, 22985,22986.T6912 Zinnia elegans (Asteraceae); BAI RI CAO; Youth-and-old-age. Usedpart: whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat, disinhibit damp, resolvetoxin. TCM Indications: Damp-heat dysentery, strangury syndrome,mammary welling abscess, swollen boil. Isolated compounds: 1124,1492.T6913 Zizia aptera (Apiaceae); JI JI QIN; Heart-leaved Alexanders. Isolatedcompounds: 1536, 18165.T6914 Ziziphus amphibia (Rhamnaceae); SHUI LU ZAO; Amphibian Jujube*.Isolated compounds: 1080.T6915 Ziziphus cambodiana (Rhamnaceae); JIAN PU ZHAI ZAO; CambodiaJujube*. Isolated compounds: 2334, 10383.T6916 Ziziphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae); DA ZAO; Chinese Date. Equivalentplant: Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis. Used part: ripe fruit. TCM Effects:To supplement center and boost qi, nourish blood and quiet spirit.TCM Indications: Reduced food intake due to spleen vacuity, lack ofstrength and sloppy stool, visceral agitation. Isolated compounds: 984,1857, 2303, 2331, 2334, 2338, 3308, 3318, 3932, 4147, 4148, 4169,4170, 4187, 6059, 7787, 9486, 11904, 11905, 11906, 11909, 11911,11912, 12891, 13419, 15203, 15528, 16050, 16402, 17983, 18834,19087, 19921, 20172, 20280, 20322, 20369, 20515, 20715, 22270,22554, 22615, 23010, 23013, 23015, 23016, 23017, 23018.T6917 Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis (Rhamnaceae); WU CI ZAO; SpinelessCommon Jujube. Used part: ripe fruit. TCM Effects: See Ziziphusjujuba. TCM Indications: See Ziziphus jujuba. Isolated compounds:4596, 18834, 18918, 23011, 23012, 23019, 23020.T6918 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Rhamnaceae); SUAN ZAO; Spine Date.Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To quiet heart and spirit, nourish liver,constrain sweat. TCM Indications: Vacuity vexation and egersis, frightpalpitation and fearful throbbing, spontaneous sweating and nightsweating due to vacuity. Isolated compounds: 16050, 22270.T6919 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Rhamnaceae); SUAN ZAO REN; SpineDate Seed. Used part: seed. TCM Effects: To supplement liver, quietheart, constrain sweat, engender liquid. TCM Indications:Neurasthenia, vacuity vexation and insomnia, fright palpitation,arrhythmia, frequent dreaming, vacuity and profuse sweating, fluiddamage and thirst. Isolated compounds: 443, 984, 2334, 2838, 3345,4187, 4680, 6662, 7768, 7787, 11907, 11909, 11910, 11911, 11913,11914, 11915, 11989, 13258, 14148, 19289, 19290, 19291, 19292,19293, 19294, 19921, 20172, 20515, 23007, 23015.T6920 Ziziphus mauritiana (Rhamnaceae); MIAN ZAO; Indian Jujube. Usedpart: bark. TCM Effects: To eliminate inflammation and engenderflesh. TCM Indications: Burns and scalds, throat pain, diarrhea,dysentery. Isolated compounds: 1081, 7937, 13613, 13614.T6921 Zizyphus abyssinica (Rhamnaceae); AI SAI E BI YA ZAO; EthiopianJujube*. Isolated compounds: 15020.T6922 Zizyphus mucronata (Rhamnaceae); JIAN YE ZAO; MucronatedJujube*. Isolated compounds: 15020.T6923 Zizyphus oenoplia (Rhamnaceae); XIAO GUO ZAO; Littlefruit Jujube.Isolated compounds: 23014.T6924 Zizyphus xylopyrus (Rhamnaceae). Isolated compounds: 11313.T6925 Zostera marina (Potamogetonaceae); HAI DAI; Ellgrass. Used part:whole herb. TCM Effects: To clear heat and resolve phlegm, softenhardness and dissipate binds, disinhibit water. TCM Indications:Goiter and tuberculosis, mounting-conglomeration, edema, beriberi.Isolated compounds: 1521, 8078, 14818.T6926 Zygophyllum atriplicoides . Isolated compounds: 1997, 1998, 8732.(Note: For plant T1471, T4056, T4057 and T5757, there is no isolatedcompound data.)