Psycho-social problems of women who had undergone hysterectomy

Dysfunctional uterus bleeding (DUB): It is heavy, prolonged or frequent bleedingof uterine origin in the absence of infections, tumours, pregnancy or associatedmedical conditions. (I.e., menorrgagia, metrorrhagia, or polymenorrhoea).Hysterectomy is not indicated unless bleeding is recurrent, severe & unresponsiveto hormonal therapy and endometrial curettage on several occasions.Adenomyosis: In the case when the uterus is bulky and presents with menorrhagiaand dysmenorrhoea total hysterectomy is done in almost all the cases.Uterine prolapse: Symptomatic vaginal relaxation, uterine descences, andprolapse are common indications for hysterectomy.Uterine leiomyomas: This accounts for about 30% of hysterectomies.Obstetric problems: Uncontrolled post partum haemorrhage, uterine rupture,uterine inversion and interstitial abdominal or cervical pregnancy may requirehysterectomy to prevent death from haemorrhage.2. Benign conditions where tubes and ovaries are primarily involved:Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): In parous women over 35 years of age, totalhysterectomy is preferred if there is fixed retro- displacement with adnexal massesor if there is persistent chronic cervitis.Pelvic endometriosis: Patients with disseminated endometriosis cannot be treatedlocally and hysterectomy is required.Ectopic pregnancy: For cervical, interstitial or abdominal pregnancy, whenplacenta cannot be removed without removing uterus.