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1PREFACEx111type-set appearance to the book. In addition, DouglasOlney provided a great deal of the technical knowledbe ofcomputers and word processing which allowed us to attemptthis format. The cartographic skills of Carol Gersmehlprovided us with the map indicating areas of Hmong settlementin Southeast Asia and the location of the majorrefugee camps in Thailand in which Hmong have beenhoused..For those seeking more background information aboutthe Hmong other easily available sources include the proceeding:,of the First Hmong Research Conference, publishedas The Hmong in the West (1982), published by theCenter for Urban and Regional Affairs, University ofMinnesota, 301 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, plus these additional publications:Barney, G. Linwood. 1967. "The Meo of Xieng KhouangProvince, Laos." In Southeast Asian Tribes, Minorities,and Nations, edited by Peter Kunstadter, pp.271-294. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Center for Applied Linguistics. 1979. "Glimpses of HmongHistory and Culture." Indochinese Refugee EducationGuides, General Information Series #16. National IndochineseClearinghouse. Washington, D.C.: Centerfor Applied Linguistics.Dunnigan, Timothy. 1982. "Segmentary Kinship in an UrbanSociety: The Hmong of St. Paul-Minneapolis. AnthrologicalQuarterly, Vol. 55(3), pp. 126-136.Geddes, William. 1976. Migrants of the Mountains: TheCu !tura! Ecology of the Biue Miao (Hmong Njua) ofThailand. Oxford, Clarendon Press.Also, a discussion on Hmong orthography can be found inPart Three, Language and Literacy, on pages 217-218.- Glenn L. HendricksMinneapolis, MinnesotaAugust 198513