Linux Journal | January 2013 | Issue 225 - ACM Digital Library

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COLUMNSHACK AND /More PXEMagicKYLE RANKINLearn how to add graphical PXE menus to your PXE server andboot Ubuntu and Debian releases.When writing this month’s column,I realized this will begin my fifth yearwriting Hack and / for Linux Journal.I enjoy writing this column, sothanks to everyone who follows it.For those of you who either e-mailthe editor or me directly, thanks forthe feedback. (And, for those ofyou who e-mail me more in-depthquestions, I’m sorry I can’t alwaysget back to you with full responses.Hopefully, some of those questionswill be fodder for future columns.)This month, I’ve decided to followup on a topic I wrote about not inthis column directly, but as a featurearticle called “PXE Magic” in theApril 2008 issue. In that article,I talk about how to set up a PXEserver from scratch, including howto install and configure DHCP andTFTP. Ultimately, I even provide abasic pxelinux configuration to getyou started. Since then, PXE menuswith pxelinux have become moresophisticated and graphical and couldseem a bit intimidating if you are newto it. In this column, I explain how topiggyback off of the work the Debianand Ubuntu projects have done withtheir PXE configuration to make yourown fancy PXE menu without muchadditional work. I know not everyoneuses Debian or Ubuntu, so if you use adifferent distribution, hold off on theangry e-mail messages; you still canuse the PXE configuration I’m showinghere for your distro, provided it givessome basic examples of how to PXEboot its installer. Just use these stepsas a launching off point and tweakthe PXE config to work for you.Simple Ubuntu PXE MenuIf this is your first time configuringa PXE server, for the first step, Irecommend following my steps inthe “PXE Magic” article to installand configure DHCP and TFTP(it’s available on the Linux Journal48 / JANUARY 2013 / WWW.LINUXJOURNAL.COM
COLUMNSHACK AND /Web site if you don’t have yourcopy of the magazine handy athttp://www.linuxjournal.com/article/9963). Otherwise, if youhave existing servers in place, justmake sure that DHCP is configuredto point to your TFTP server (if it’son the same machine, that’s fine).And, if you already have any sort ofpxelinux configuration in your tftpbootdirectory, I recommend that you backit up and move it out of the way—I’mgoing to assume that your entire/var/lib/tftpboot (or /tftpboot on somesystems) directory is empty to start with.For the rest of this article, I reference/var/lib/tftpboot as the location tostore your PXE configuration files,so if you use /tftpboot, adjust thecommands accordingly.Both Debian and Ubuntu provide anice all-in-one netboot configurationfor each of their releases that makes itsimple to PXE boot a particular releaseyourself. The file is called netboot.tar.gzand is located in a netboot directoryalong with the rest of the differentinstall images. For instance, thenetboot.tar.gz for the i386 Ubuntu12.04 release (named Precise) can befound at http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz.To get started, cd to your tftpbootdirectory, and then use wget to pulldown the netboot.tar.gz file (I’massuming you’ll need root permissionsfor all of these steps, so I’m puttingsudo in front of all of my commands),and then extract the tarball:$ cd /var/lib/tftpboot$ sudo wget http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/➥main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz$ sudo tar xzf netboot.tar.gz$ lsnetboot.tar.gz pxelinux.0 pxelinux.cfg➥ubuntu-installer version.infoAs the ls command shows, anubuntu-installer directory wascreated along with pxelinux.0 andpxelinux.cfg symlinks that pointinside that ubuntu-installer directoryto the real files. Without performingany additional configuration,provided your DHCP and TFTP serverswere functioning, you could PXEboot a server with this configurationand get a boot menu like the oneshown in Figure 1.Ubuntu has taken the extra stepsof theming its PXE menu with itscolor scheme and even provided alogo. Unlike the PXE menu I demoedin my previous “PXE Magic” article,this menu functions more like a GUIprogram. You can use the arrow keysto navigate it, the Enter key to selectWWW.LINUXJOURNAL.COM / JANUARY 2013 / 49
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Linux Journal | January 2013 | Issue 225 - ACM Digital Library

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