Impacts-of-methamphetamine-in-Victoria-Community-Assessment-Penington-Institute

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Development of coalitions of support and action across a broad range of organisations andindividuals (police, health, media, education,) consistent with the broad range of issues to beaddressed [70].Young people are an important consideration in the delivery of methamphetamine community-levelinterventions given that use is relatively high among this population. Yet there are few, in any,targeted on-going methamphetamine education programs delivered to young people in Australia. Inthe US, there have been reports that universal abstinence-based programs with young peoplethrough schools have had a significantly positive impact on young people’s methamphetamine use.However, critiques of this work assert that these claims should not be made and are analysisdependent [72]. Based on these critical evaluations, US scholars have argued for a move away fromabstinence-based programs, more rigorous evaluations of programs delivered to school children, andprograms that more accurately reflect the context of young people’s experiences with drugs [72].In Australia, research with young people using methamphetamine and party drugs has argued thatresponses to drug use need to take into account the meaning that specific drugs have to youngpeople and the context within which they use and experiment with drugs [31, 73]. The normalisationof drug use among some groups of young people suggest that abstinence-only approaches, andapproaches that use extreme examples of drug use, would be ineffective as they would not reflectyoung people’s experiences.Moreover, while there are broad principles that can be applied to drug education for young people,there are some specific issues in relation to methamphetamine. Many people use methamphetaminein public spaces, and do not access traditional sites of drug education such as NSPs or drugtreatment. New types of information and education strategies may be required in specific ‘drug usesettings’ such as bars and nightclubs, the workplace, schools and universities. This might involve thedevelopment of more effective ‘peer to peer’ education and information strategies in which thepractical benefits of methods to reduce harms might be communicated to young people in a way thatresonates with their own experiences [74].20
6. Component two – prevalence and harmsThis section reviews a variety of secondary data sources to give an overview of trends in seizures,police case data, ambulance attendances and drug trend tracking studies/projects.6.1. Supply side indicationsThere has been a steady increase in the number of clandestine methamphetamine labs detected andseized by Australian law enforcement agencies each year [75]. The ACC releases an annual IllicitDrug Data Report (IDDR), which brings together a range of state, territory and federal data sets togive an overview of national illicit drug markets. It is usually released in May, and reports on theprevious financial year. The ACC reported that in 2011-2012 Victoria reported the largest percentageincrease in the detection of clandestine labs [76], with a further increase in 2012-2013 [77].Table 1: Clandestine laboratory detections, by state and territory, 2002–03 to 2012–13.Year NSW Vic Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Total2002–03 47 19 171 34 36 2 3 2 3142003–04 61 20 189 48 33 1 6 0 3582004–05 45 31 209 25 44 3 21 3 3812005–06 55 47 161 50 58 5 12 2 3902006–07 49 72 132 51 37 9 1 5 3562007–08 51 76 121 69 30 2 1 6 3562008–09 67 84 148 65 78 0 7 0 4492009–10 82 113 297 71 118 1 12 0 6942010–11 87 63 293 75 171 11 2 1 7032011–12 90 99 379 58 160 15 7 1 8092012-13 105 113 330 56 136 9 8 0 757Source Australian Crime Commission 2014Of the 809 labs detected across Australia in 2011-12, 552 were ATS labs (excluding MDMA). 70.6 percent of labs were located in residential areas, and 3.1 per cent were located in rural areas [76].The IDDR reported increased purity of methamphetamine seized in Victoria. The mean purity acrossthe year in Victoria jumped from around 20 per cent in 2010-2011 to 60 per cent in 2011-2012, and76.1 per cent in 2012-2013, which was higher than average purity level in Australia overall.21
Page 1 and 2: IMPACTS OF METHAMPHETAMINEIN VICTOR
Page 4 and 5: CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 61. EXECUT
Page 6 and 7: AcknowledgementsPenington Institute
Page 8 and 9: communications interventions. Local
Page 10 and 11: 3. IntroductionMethamphetamine is a
Page 12 and 13: Component Four: In-depth interviews
Page 14 and 15: That ABS analysis looked at 2010. I
Page 16 and 17: attribute poor health status to the
Page 18 and 19: Family relationshipsMethamphetamine
Page 22 and 23: Table 2: Annual median purity of me
Page 24 and 25: Victoria accounted for the greatest
Page 26 and 27: methamphetamine-related offences ha
Page 28 and 29: 6.2.5. Data from Ambulance Victoria
Page 30 and 31: Table 8: Ambo Project summary of ca
Page 32 and 33: A homelessness worker in the Hume r
Page 34 and 35: Methamphetamine becoming cheaper:Al
Page 36 and 37: Compared with other substances, a n
Page 38 and 39: Many people noted that methamphetam
Page 40 and 41: “Indigenous communities are hard
Page 42 and 43: Services noted that methamphetamine
Page 44 and 45: An AOD worker noted that, in relati
Page 46 and 47: drug and alcohol stuff and the depr
Page 48 and 49: Police7.7. Impacts on service syste
Page 50 and 51: A leading addiction specialist base
Page 52 and 53: Services noted that it was often ha
Page 54 and 55: One of the respondents said he gene
Page 56 and 57: For both young men it was the escal
Page 58 and 59: Deciding to seek helpFor both Xavie
Page 60 and 61: 8. Drug testing populations: Waste
Page 62 and 63: Table 10: Number of doses consumed
Page 64 and 65: provision of wrap around services b
Page 66 and 67: 17. Australian Institute of Health
Page 68 and 69: 52. McKetin R, Lubman D, Lee N, Ros
Page 70 and 71:
87. Iversen J, Chow S, Maher L. Aus
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