“Top-Down” “Middle-Out” “Bottom-Up” - mcisb
“Top-Down” “Middle-Out” “Bottom-Up” - mcisb
“Top-Down” “Middle-Out” “Bottom-Up” - mcisb
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Levels of Modelling<br />
Noble (2002), Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 3: 40-463<br />
Physiological Systems & Function<br />
Tissues<br />
Systems<br />
Adriano M Henney PhD<br />
<strong>“Top</strong>-<strong>Down”</strong><br />
<strong>“Middle</strong>-<strong>Out”</strong><br />
<strong>“Bottom</strong>-<strong>Up”</strong><br />
Organs<br />
Pathways Organelles<br />
Cells<br />
Molecular Data & Mechanisms<br />
• Bottom-up: start from<br />
molecular detail & build<br />
toward physiology<br />
• Top-down: start with<br />
physiological function &<br />
move to understand<br />
underlying mechanisms<br />
• Middle-out: pragmatic<br />
use of available data at<br />
any level & reach up,<br />
down and across to<br />
other levels and<br />
components
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