Preventive Measures for Woman's Health: Pap Smear (PAP) - MMM
Preventive Measures for Woman's Health: Pap Smear (PAP) - MMM
Preventive Measures for Woman's Health: Pap Smear (PAP) - MMM
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<strong>Preventive</strong> <strong>Measures</strong> <strong>for</strong><strong>Woman's</strong> <strong>Health</strong>:<strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> (<strong>PAP</strong>)<strong>Health</strong> Promotion and Education Program
Objectives• Define in your own words what the <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> is.• Recognize at least two (2) of the parts of thereproductive system.• Mention at least one (1) of the diseases that attacksthe neck of the uterus.• Identify correctly the frequency that the <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong>exam must be done.• Mention one (1) benefit of getting the <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong>exam.
Pre Test1. The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> exam is:a. a chest x-ray that the physician does.b. a vaginal exam that the gynecologist does.2. The female reproductive system is composes:a. the lungs.b. the ovaries and the uterus.3. One of the diseases that attacks the neck of theuterus is:a. cancer.b. diabetes.
Pre Test4. The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> exam must be realized:a. every five (5) years.b. one (1) time each year.5. One of the benefits of getting g the <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong>done is that:a. it helps <strong>for</strong> early detection and earlytreatment t t of uterus cancer.b. It helps maintain blood pressure undercontrol.
Female AnatomyThe female reproductive systemis composed of the:• Vagina• Uterus• Fallopian Tubes• Ovaries
Female Anatomy• This are located in the pelvis, between the bladderand rectum.• The uterus has the <strong>for</strong>m of a pear, and itmeasures approximately 3 inches of length.• The lowest part of the uterus its called the neck ofthe uterus, this opens to the vagina and the vaginato the rest of the body.
Disease of the neck of theuterus• Some sexually transmitted diseases have beenassociated with the development of cervicalcancer, among these the Human <strong>Pap</strong>ilomaVirus.• The first stage of cervical cancer is calledatypia.• In this first stage the cancer is limited to thesuperficial area of the neck of the uterus, theseis called “carcinoma in situ”.
The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> Exam• The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong>* exam is essential in the earlydetection of the atipia.• It has the name because of the physician that madeit known, Dr. <strong>Pap</strong>anicolaou.• The objective of the exam is to obtain a sample ofthe neck of the uterus.• The sample is sent to the laboratory <strong>for</strong> analysis.• For realizing the medical exam the physician will askyou to undress, to lay in a gurney and place yourfeet in the supports or leg rest.* This tests can not required pre- authorization
The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> Exam• After that t the physician i or thenurse will open your vaginacarefully and insert thespeculum. The speculum is aninstrument in the shape oftweezers that will maintain thevagina opened.• After that a small spatula isinserted in the vagina, it is usedto extract the sample that willbe sent to the laboratory.
Results of the exam• In the laboratory a pathologist studies thesamples obtained from the neck of theuterus.• The pathologist is looking <strong>for</strong> any anomalyin the sample that indicates possibility ofatipia, infection or cancer.• If the results of your exam are not whatexpected, its important that you make afollow up appointment. In this cases it issaid that t the <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> exam is positive.
Importance of prevention• The probabilities of a successful treatment <strong>for</strong>this type of cancer are higher when its earlydetected.• A <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> test and a pelvic exam must berealized one time every 24 months. But if youare on fertile age and have had a normal <strong>Pap</strong>test during the last 36 months, or if you are inhigh h risk of developing cervical or vaginalcancer, it is recommended to do a <strong>Pap</strong> testand pelvic exam each year.
Post Test1. The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> exam is:a. a chest x-ray that the physician does.b. a vaginal exam that the gynecologist does.2. The female reproductive system is composes:a. the lungs.b. the ovaries and the uterus.3. One of the diseases that attacks the neck of theuterus is:a. cancer.b. diabetes.
Post Test4. The <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> exam must be realized:a. every five (5) years.b. one (1) time each year.5. One of the benefits of getting the <strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> done isthat:a. it helps <strong>for</strong> early detection ti and early treatment t t ofuterus cancer.b. It helps maintain blood pressure under control.
References• Milliman Guidelines <strong>for</strong> <strong>Pap</strong> Test. Retrieved January 31, 2010,from http://careweb.careguidelines.com• Medical Encyclopedia. Interactive tutorial about the <strong>Pap</strong> Test,available from Medline Plus. Retrieved January 31, 2010; from:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/spanish/tutorial.html• <strong>PAP</strong>-<strong>Smear</strong> in the last three years. 2004 PR Tendencies.Retrieved February 04, 2010; from:http://www.tendenciaspr.com/Salud/Salud_Mujer/<strong>Pap</strong>anicolauPR_CADA_3.htm• Test <strong>for</strong> detecting Neck of the Uterus or Cervical Cancer and• Test <strong>for</strong> detecting Neck of the Uterus or Cervical Cancer andVaginal (<strong>Pap</strong> <strong>Smear</strong> test and Pelvic exam). 2008 RetrievedFebruary 04, 2010; from:http://www.medicare.gov/health/cervical.asp?Language=Spanish
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