URUGAMBA RWA NYUMA RW’INZIRABWOBA (Part.1)

URUGAMBA RWA NYUMA RW’INZIRABWOBA (Part.1)http://www.therwandan.comPosté dans 3 juin, 2012.Iki n'ikimenyetso cyarangaga Ingabo z'Igihugu (Armée Rwandaise)IRIBURIROTwagerageje kwegeranya amakuru ku rugamba rwa nyuma rw’Inzirabwoba, ariko twasabaabandi baba bafite amakuru kuba badufasha kubona amakuru y’urugamba rwo muri 1994,kugirango bibe byadufasha mu myandikire y’igitabo turimo gutegura.Icyiciro cya mbere ni iyi nyandiko yo gusogongeza abasomyi kugira ngo umuntu ashoborekubona amakuru n’inama z’abazasoma iyi nyandiko. Nyuma hazakurikiraho kuganiran’abantu bamwe mu barwanye iyi ntambara kugira ngo bifashe gukosora ahari amakosa nokugirango haboneke amakuru y’umwimerere. Ntabwo twashatse kwandika iyi nkuru nk’ukoubundi ibitabo byandikwa kuko ikiri agateganyo.Iyi nyandiko ni nko gusogongeza abasomyi kuri icyo gitabo, tugasaba aba babona hari ahariamakosa cyangwa hari ibyavuzwe atari byo, kudufasha mu buryo busobanuye nezatukamenya ukuri nyako kw’iyi ntambara.Iyi ntambara yari intambara mbi cyane yarimo ibyaha byinshi ndengakamere ndetse yarimoubugome bukabije ku buryo nta mfungwa z’intambara zigeze zigaragara irangiye.I. IMPAMVU INZIRABWOBA ZATSINZWE INTAMBARA

1. Kwinjira muri Politique y’amashyaka menshi mu buryo buhubukiwe kandiigihugu kiri mu ntambaraAmashyaka agitangira byateye akajagari mu gihugu: imyigaragambyo, amagambo yo gucaintege ingabo z’igihugu, byateye discipline nkeya mu gisirikare, ku buryo abayobozi b’ingabobyabagoraga gukurikirana discipline.Bamwe mu banyapolitiki bafataga intsinzi y'Inzirabwoba nk'iya Perezida Habyalimana ku giti cyeByari byoroshye ko umusirikare avuga ko yahanwe kubera ko avuka mu karere aka n’aka,bakamureka ngo bititwa ko bamurenganije ngo kuko atavuka mu majyaruguru.Abanyapolitike bari muri gouvernement kandi bakorera uwo bitwa ko barwanaga nawe .Ibinyamakuru byakoreraga FPR ku mugaragaro bikumvisha abasirikare ko kurwana ariukurwanirira Président Habyarimana cyangwa ko intambara ireba abo mu majyaruguru gusa(hari n’abavugaga ngo bazarwana intambara igeze iwabo).Abanyapolitike bashakaga ubutegetsi batitaye ku ngaruka zizaza nyuma: Nabaha ingerozimwe na zimwe kuko ingero z’ibyo abo banyapolitike bakoze ntawazirondora ngoabirangize:Nsengiyaremye Dismas yemereye FPR ko abasirikare b’abafaransa bava mu Rwandakugirango nawe FPR izamwemere nka Ministre w’intebe wa gouvernement izava mumasezerano ya Arusha. Ibyo byababaje kandi bitungura abafaransa cyane kukobabibamenyesheje byararangije kwemezwa. Byateye ingaruka zatumye n’abafaransabamaze kuva mu Rwanda batarongeye gufasha u Rwanda mu rwego rwa gisirikare. Ntaweuzibagirwa amagambo yavuzwe n’uwo mugabo wari warize ibyo kuvura amatungo ahoyavuze ko abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bazabaha amasuka bagashoka ibishanga. Ibyobyatesheje morali abasirikare benshi bumvaga ko ntacyo barwanira.

Marc Rugenera wari Ministre w'Imali yanze ko hagurwa ibikoresho bya gisirikare mu 1994Rugenera Marc yanze ko hagurwa amasasu n’ibindi bikoresho muri Mutarama 1994 avugako intambara yarangiye, ku buryo intambara yubura nta masasu Inzirabwoba zari zifiteahagije, biri mu mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye FPR itsinda intambara, (imbunda ziremereyenka za 105mm howitzer, 122mm howitzer n’izindi zagiye kubikwa i Muramba ku Gisenyikubera kubura amasasu), gutinza imishahara y’abasirikare ku bushake kugirango batakazemoral, kwanga ko hinjira abasirikare bashya bo gusimbura abirukanywe, abakomeretsen’abatorotse urugamba n’ibindi.Ngulinzira Boniface, Gasana Anastase n’abandi babaga bahagarariye Leta y’u Rwanda mumishyikirano ariko ubona bashishikajwe no kwemera ibyo FPR ishaka byose batitaye kubanyarwanda muri rusange.Imyitwarire y’abanyapolitike bamwe na bamwe batekerezaga ko itsindwa ry’Inzirabwoba ariugutsindwa kwa Président Habyarimana wenyine. Bakibwira ko intambara itabareba. Arikonyuma abo FPR itishe cyangwa ngo ifunge barahunze.2. Uruhare rw’amahangaAmahanga yashyize igitutu kuri gouvernement y’u Rwanda cyane, ntibashaka kumva ikibazouko kimeze ahubwo bakumva ko Leta y’u Rwanda ari igitugu, ntibashake kubuza Ugandagukomeza gufasha FPR no gutera u Rwanda.

Byaraterwaga akenshi n’uko abashyigikiye FPR bakoraga uko bashoboye bagakoraPropagande ihagije, mu gihe uruhande rwa leta y’u Rwanda diplomasi yari nke kandi iri mumaboko ya MDR yari ishishikajwe no kurwanya Président Habyarimana aho kurwanya FPR.Amahanga yafashije FPR yari agamije kubona inzira yo gukuraho Perezida Mobutu wari inshuti ya PerezidaHabyalimanaIbihugu by’aba Anglo-saxons (Canada, England, USA, n’ibindi) n’ibihugu by’Afrika bivugaicyongereza byari bishyigikiye FPR kubera impamvu z’ururimi n’amateka ya bamwe mubayobozi ba FPR bari barakoranye nabyo (Uganda yo kuyitandukanya na FPR byari biruhijebari bamwe, Tanzania yo yarumaga ihuha ku buryo mu rupfu rwa Président Habyarimanantawayishira amakenga ndetse n’ukuntu impunzi z’abanyarwanda zirukanywe nabyobyerekanye aho yari ibogamiye, ..)Ububiligi bwo abanyapolitiki baho ntabwo bavugaga rumwe ku kibazo cy’u Rwanda no mungabo zabo zoherejwe muri MINUAR niko byari bimeze, ariko igice cyari gishyigikiye FPRnicyo cyari gifite ingufu, byaje guhuhurwa n’urupfu rw’abasirikare b’ababiligi, na propagandey’abashyigikiye FPR. Ibihugu byari bishyigikiye Leta y’u Rwanda byari bike.Ubufaransa bwari bushyigikiye Leta y’u Rwanda ariko kwirukanwa kw’abasirikare babobyarababaje cyane, Zaïre ya Mobutu yo nayo yari ishyigikiye u Rwanda ariko ubutegetsibwaho bwarajegajegaga. Ibyo bihugu byaje kugwa mu mutego wa FPR yakwije ikinyomaikimara guhanura indege ya Président Habyarimana ko yahanuwe na aba FAR batashakagaamasezerano ya Arusha. Abari inshuti za Président Habyarimana batereranye u Rwanda.

FPR yari yemeje ibihugu biyishyigikiye ko ihita ifata umujyi wa Kigali mu gihe gito, ariko byajekuyinanira, noneho ibihugu byari biyishyigikiye byigira inama yo gushyiraho Embargo kuntwaro bikoresheje ONU. FPR yakomeje kubona intwaro ziciye i Bugande, ndetse n’ingaboza Uganda yafashaga FPR cyane cyane mu rwego rw’imbunda zirasa kure (artillerieLourde).Zaïre ya Mobutu yahemukiye Inzirabwoba cyane kuko iyo iziha uburyo bwo kubona amasasun’imbunda ku buryo buhagije nk’uko Uganda yabikoreraga FPR yari kuba izifashije cyanenayo itiretse.Intambara yo mu Rwanda kuri FPR yari ugufata ubutegetsi mu Rwanda, ariko ibihugubyafashije FPR cyane bishaka gukuraho Mobutu no kubona uburyo bigera muri Congo ngobyisahurire. Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko imishyikirano yakorwaga Arusha ntacyo yashoboragakugeraho. Iyo umuntu yitegereje ibikoresho ingabo za FPR zari zifite, amabombes zarasagaburi munsi, ntabwo amafaranga yo kugura ibyo bikoresho byose yari kuva mu misanzuy’abanyarwanda b’impunzi n’abandi bari bayishyigikiye mu gihugu!Bigaragare ko hari abatangaga amafaranga cyangwa ibyo bikoresho, bagafasha FPRkumvikanisha ibikorwa byayo mu mahanga, kubangamira abashakaga gutabara muri 1994,Embargo ku ntwaro yashyiriweho Inzirabwoba muri 1994, amakuru yacishwaga mubitangazamakuru avuga ubwicanyi ku ruhande rumwe, kwirengagiza akaga impunziz’abahutu zarimo n’ibindi byinshi byerekana ko FPR yari ishyigikiwe.Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko iyo habaho ubwumvikane hakabaho amahoro abo bantu FPRkubishyura byari kuyigora, kandi u Rwanda ntabwo rwari kubona urwitwazo rwo gutera Zaïreya Mobutu. Niyo mpamvu rero twavuga ko Inzirabwoba zarwanye n’inyungu z’amahangakurusha uko zarwanye n’ingabo za FPR.

Gen Roméo Dallaire ari mu bafashije FPR gufata ubutegetsiGOMN (Groupe d’Obsérvateurs Militaires ”Neutres”) na MINUAR (Mission des Nations Uniespour l’Assistance au Rwanda) zabaye uburyo bwo kwinjiza ba Maneko ba FPR mu Rwandaku mugaragaro, ndetse n’abari bagize GOMN na MINUAR abenshi bakoranaga na FPR.Aha niho hagaragarira uruhare Karenzi Karake yagize mu gutuma FPR itsinda intambara,yashoboye kwinjira mu Rwanda noneho aba umuhuzabikorwa w’ibikorwa bya FPR mugihugu imbere: Gukwiza Propagande ya FPR, Gushishikariza abana b’abatutsi n’abahutubamwe na bamwe kujya mu nkotanyi, gutega ibisasu, kwica abantu bakoresheje imbundacyangwa amarozi (Gatabazi, Gapyisi, Bucyana, Katumba, Rwambuka n’abandi..), gushakaibyitso mu gisirikari no mu banyapolitike, kuneka uko Inzirabwoba zihagaze ku buryoinkotanyi zari zifite amakuru ahagije igihe zagabaga ibitero.Nyuma haje kuza Général Dallaire wakomokaga muri Canada, we yaje wagira ngo yaje afitemission yo gushyira FPR ku butegetsi, nawe arabyivugira mu gitabo cye iyo ataka FPR naKagame ahubwo abandi akabagira ruvumwa. Yafashije FPR mu ntambara ya 1994 cyanecyane mu kubanekera no kubaha amakuru ku Nzirabwoba, gushaka gucamo ibiceUbuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba, ndetse no guha ibirindiro bya MINUAR inkotanyi zikabikoreshazirasa maze bazisubiza MINUAR ikavuza induru, kwicira abantu mu maso ya MINUARntigire icyo ivuga: urugero kuri Stade amahoro, Hotel Méridien n’ahandi.3. Imiterere y’igisirikari n’abakiyoboraga

Abakuru b’ingabo abenshi bamaze mu myanya yabo imyaka myinshi ku buryo byagizeingaruka zitari nziza ku Nzirabwoba muri rusange.Dufate urugero rw’uwari Chef d’Etat-major adjoint Colonel Serubuga yari yaragize igisirikareakarima ke ku buryo byatumye abasirikari benshi bakundaga igihugu bahinduka abarakarebitari ngombwa, hari ingeso yo guhakwa cyane no gutikura ku buryo umusirikari mwiza ariuwabaga uhakwa cyane cyangwa arebwa neza n’ibukuru.Hari abasirikari benshi birukanwe mbere y’uko intambara itangira bazira ibintu by’amafutikandi bari bakenewe mu ntambara. Nyuma haje politique y’amashyaka menshi ndetsen’abakuru b’ingabo barahindurwa, abasirikare bari baramenyereye guhakwa ku bakuru babononeho bagiye guhakwa ku banyepolitiki kugeza n’aho batanga amabanga ya gisirikare.Perezida Habyalimana (avugira kuri micro), inyuma kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo Col Rwagafirira, Col Sagatwa,Lt Col Nsengiyumva, Col Serubuga, Gen Nsabimana, Col RusatiraKuba Inzirabwoba zitari zarahawe amasomo ahagije ya politiki kandi nyuma y’aho haziyeamashyaka menshi ntizigire imitekerereze imwe kuri politiki y’igihugu byateye ingaruka ninikuko hari abasirikare bamwe bumviraga abakuru b’amashyaka kurusha kumvira abayobozibabo mu gisirikare.Uburyo bwo guhana ibyaha na discipline nabyo biri mubyashegeshe Inzirabwoba.Umusirikare w’Inzirabwoba wakoraga amakosa kumuhana byari bigoye kubera ko nta nkikozakoraga kandi Police Militaire nayo yari yatewe irimo kurwana, ku buryo abasirikare

’Inzirabwoba barwanye n’ababishakaga, hari bamwe rwose batigeze barwana kandintawagize icyo abatwara. Hari kandi abasirikare bahoraga mu mpushya zo kujya kurebaimiryango yabo, abirwaza ngo batajya ku rugamba, wasangaga mu mijyi yari kure y’ahourugamba rwaberaga hari urujya n’uruza rw’abasirikare batagira icyo bakora. Ku buryo kurugamba akenshi za Bataillon nyinshi zabaga ari nka ½ cy’abasirikare bazigize kandi ibyobikorwa ntabwo byari mu basirikare bo hasi gusa no mu ba officiers benshi niko byaribimeze.Hari n’ibindi bikorwa byatumaga igisirikare gita ingufu n’ubushobozi. Nabaha urugero: Hariibyo bitaga ”KUJYA ARUSHA”, Arusha cyari cyarabaye nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubugambanyi nokwirira amafaranga y’ubusa. Kujya Arusha akenshi byavugwaga ku basirikare bamwebatangaga ruswa ngo batsinde ibizamini bimwe na bimwe byatumaga bagira ubuhangarunaka nko kubona Brevet Commando, Ikizami cyo kuba Sous-Officier, gushyirwa mubatajya ku rugamba n’ibindi..3. Umutima mwiza wa Président Habyalimanaiyo Perezida Habyalimana aba umunyagitugu koko nk’uko byavugwaga n’abamurwanya,bariya banyapolitike bose bamurwanyaga ababa yarabishe akabamara cyangwaakabahimbira ibyaha akabafunga nk’uko Perezida Kagame abigenza, ibyo byari guteraubwoba abandi, ndetse n’abirirwaga bakora propagande ya FPR ku mugaragaro cyangwabakohereza abana babo mu nkotanyi ntabwo bari kubitinyuka. Ndetse na FPR kubonaibyitso mu gisirikare no banyapolitique byari kuyigora.

Umutima mwiza wa Perezida Habyalimana uri mubyatumye bamwivugana ku buryo bworoshyePrésident Habyarimana na leta y’u Rwanda bari bahangayikishijwe n’abakuwe mu byabon’intambara muri Byumba na Ruhengeri bari umuzigo kuri leta, kandi bwari uburyobworoshye kuri FPR mu gushyira igitutu kuri Leta y’u Rwanda ndetse no kubona abaturagebihishamo mu gucengera.Mu gihe FPR yo nta baturage yari ifite bayihangayikishije, n’abatutsi bari mu Rwanda ntacyobari bayibwiye ahubwo yifuzaga ko bagirirwa nabi kugira ngo ibone urwitwazo mu kuburaimirwano n’uko yereka amahanga ko Leta irimo yica abantu.Kuba Président Habyarimana atarakurikiranye FPR ku butaka bwa Uganda nabyo byagizeingaruka. Byananije abasirikare kuko FPR yahungiraga i Bugande ntibayikurikire, bakaraswan’imbunda nini za Uganda.

Iyo Président Habyarimana aba gashoza ntambara nk’uko Perezida Kagame ameze ubu abayarateye Uganda, ONU n’amahanga byari gukemura icyo kibazo nk’ikibazo k’ibihugu bibiri.Byari gutuma FPR itagira ingufu za politique nk’izo yari ifite icyo gihe kuko izo ngufu nizoyuririyeho igira andi mashyaka ya politiki ibikoresho igamije gufata ubutegetsi bwoseyonyine.Président Habyarimana n’abanyarwanda muri rusange bizeraga amahanga, bumvagaamahanga azagera aho akabona uko ibibazo by’u Rwanda bimeze nyabyo. Uko kwizeraamahanga abanyarwanda bakomeje kukugira kugeza n’uyu munsi n’ubwo amahangaakomeje kwirengagiza. Umuntu yafata ingero ku kuntu FPR yishe abantu ifata ubutegetsi nanyuma yaho amahanga akirengagiza, ukuntu FPR yishe abantu i Kibeho hari na MINUAR,Ubwicanyi bwo muri Congo, kugeza ku banyapolitiki bakomeje guhohoterwa ndetsebakanafungwa ariko ntacyo amahanga avuga.Leta ya Perezida Habyalimana ntabwo yashatse kumarira umutungo w’igihugu mu kuguraintwaro cyangwa kwitegura intambara, u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bike by’Afrika abakozin’abasirikare bahembwaga neza kandi bagahemberwa igihe.4. Urupfu rwa Président HabyarimanaUwari Perezida Pasteur Bizimungu arunguruka ibishwangi by'indege ya Perezida HabyalimanaPrésident Habyarimana yari afite inshuti nyinshi zashoboraga kumurwanaho kandi n’ubwohari abamurwanyaga abanyarwanda benshi baramukundaga ndetse n’abatutsi benshibaramukundaga.Abatutsi batinyuka kuvuga ukuri bavuga ko ntacyo yari abatwaye ahubwo ariwe wariubarinze. FPR imaze kumwica yahise ibonamo inyungu nyinshi mu rupfu rwe: yari yikijijeumuntu wari uyibangamiye mugufata ubutegetsi, yahise ibeshya amahanga ko yishwe

n’Inzirabwoba zitari zishyigikiye ko amasezerano y’Arusha bituma Leta y’u Rwanda ihindukaigicibwa ntihagira abayemera kugeza no ku nshuti magara za Président Habyarimana. Ibyobyatumye Leta yari yiyise iy’abatabazi ibura ingufu za politiki na diplomasi.6. Imiterere ya FPR n’igisirikare cyayo n’intego yari igamijeIbintu byose yavugaga by’imishyikirano byari ukubeshya, yakoraga ibyo bita fight and talk, niukuvuga ko yarwanaga yabona igiye gutsindwa cyangwa ingufu zibaye nke ikemeraimishyikirano kugirango yisuganye ibone uko itegura ibindi bitero.Gen Kagame n'ingabo ze bari bariteguye urugamba rwa nyumaMuri FPR harimo discipline ikabije hakorwaga ibyo Kagame ashaka gusaabatabyubahirizaga cyangwa abasirikari bakoraga amakosa baricwaga hakoreshejweagafuni ni ukuvuga ko abasirikare n’abanyapolitiki ba FPR bari bafite icyerekezo kimwemubyo bakoraga.Nta baturage FPR yari ifite bari bayibereye umuzigo mu ntambara yayo ku buryo inkotanyizabaga zifite umwanya uhagije wo kurwana nta kibazo. Nta musirikare wasabaga uruhushyacyangwa ngo atoroke urugamba ngo agiye guhungisha bene wabo, n’ababigeragejebarahanwe bikomeye cyangwa baricwa.

7. Imiterere y’ubutegetsi bwa ZaïreKwambura intwaro Inzirabwoba kwa Zaïre byabaye nko gutema ishami yari yicayehoAbantu benshi bemeza ko inzirabwoba zatsinzwe bidasubirwaho igihe zinjiraga ku butakabwa Zaïre zikamburwa intwaro, maze zigashyirwa mu nkambi nk’abaturage basanzwe.Izo ntwaro bambuwe zarunzwe mu bigo bya gisirikare bya Zaïre zirangirika kugeza igiheInkotanyi zitereye zikazifata hafi ya zose zaratoye ingese. Izindi zagurishijwe magendun’abasirikare ba Zaïre ku mitwe itandukanye y’abarwanyi ndetse no kugeza kuri FPR.Inzirabwoba n’ubwo bwose zari zivuye mu ntambara ikomeye, n’ubwo hari abasirikarebenshi basubiye mu Rwanda bakurikiye amareshya mugeni ya FPR, zari zigifite ingufuzashoboraga gutuma zongera kwiyegeranya zikavamo ingabo zikomeye kurusha na mbere,dore ko zari zimaze no kubona isomo. Ariko siko byagenze kuko kubera igitutu cy’amahangan’uburangare bw’abategetsi ba Zaïre y’icyo gihe.Ntabwo inzirabwoba zongeye kwiyegeranya ngo zongere zibe ingabo zikomeye, kandinyamara iyo Zaïre ikora uko ishoboye inzirabwoba zigasubirana ingufu zari kuyirwanirira.

8. Ibyitso byari mu NzirabwobaUretse amakuru abo nakwita ibyitso bahaga FPR ku bijyanye n’uko ingabo zihagaze,ibikoresho zifite, amasasu ahari uko angana, aho imitwe y’ingabo iherereye, ibyemezobyafashwe, ibitero bitegurwa n’ibindi.., mu ntambara yo mu 1994 hagaragaye ko FPRyabaga ifite amakuru ahagije ku bitero cyangwa ibikorwa bya gisirikare byabaga byategiwemu rwego rwo hejuru. Ku buryo ibitero byatunguraga FPR ari ibitero byagabwaga akenshimu rwego rwo hasi navuga nka Bataillon bitateguwe mu rwego rwo hejuru muri Etat Majorcyangwa mu karere k’imirwano (Secteur opérationnel).Ni ukuvuga ko za opérations zikomeye zose Inzirabwoba zagerageje gukora muri 1994, FPRyabaga yazimenye ku buryo akenshi zendaga kuburiramo ndetse zikagwamo n’abantubenshi. Si ibyo gusa kuko n’ibitero bisanzwe byinshi byo mu rwego rwo hasi ibyinshi FPRyabaga ibizi.Natanga urugero:-Opération yo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Byumba-Opération yo gusohoka muri Kanombe na Kicukiro-Opération Champagne yo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali yo yabaye nk’aho itunguye FPRkubera ko ubundi yari iteganijwe mu ijoro ry’iya 4 rishyira iya 5 Nyakanga 1994, hagombagagukoreshwa inzira ebyiri muri icyo gikorwa. Ariko ku itariki ya 3 Nyakanga 1994 imwe munzira zari gukoreshwa yacaga mu gace ka Runda na Gihara ikomeza muri Taba, Ingabo zaFPR zarayifunze, bituma Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba yegeza imbere Opération Champagneishyirwa mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994 zikoresha inzira yacaga mu Nzove.Kwegeza imbere iyo Opération byatunguye benshi kugeza wenda kubahaga amakuru FPR,ku buryo FPR yatangiye kumenya ibibaye ari uko bucyeye itagishoboye kugira icyo ikora ngoiburizemo icyo gikorwa. Ku buryo abashoboye gusohoka mu mujyi mu ijoro nta bibazo bininibahuye nabyo ariko abasohotse mu mujyi hakeye bo barashweho cyane za bombesziremereye nka 120mm n’izindi ndetse n’ingabo za FPR zagabye ibitero byinshi zigeragezagufungira abasohokaga muri Kigali ariko kubera ubwinshi bwabo (hari abemezaga kobarengaga Miliyoni imwe) ndetse n’Inzirabwoba zari ziminjiriyemo agafu hafi y’abantu bosebashakaga gusohoka muri Kigali barasohotse.9. Inzego z’iperereza zitari zifite ingufuIyo urebye inzego z’iperereza z’Inzirabwoba uko zari zimeze ubona ahubwo kubazarashoboye kurwana hafi imyaka 4 ari igitangaza.

Gen Karenzi Karake yashoboye kuneka ku buryo bworoshye yitwaje umwanya yari afite muri GOMN na MINUARAri iperereza ryo muri Etat Major y’ingabo (G2) ryategekwaga na Colonel BEMSG AloysNtiwiragabo, ari iperereza ryo muri Gendarmerie (G2) ryategekwaga na Major StanislasKinyoni, ari Diviziyo y’iperereza ryo Hanze no mu gihugu (Contre Espionage) yo muriMinistère y’Ingabo yategekwaga na Major Vénant Hategekimana, ari inzego z’iperereza zomuri Perezidansi zaje kujya mu biro bya Ministre w’Intebe zari ziyobowe na AugustinIyamuremye, izo nzego zose zari zifite ubushobozi bucye kubera abakozi bacye, ibikoreshobicye, ubushake bucye bw’abayobozi ba politiki babangamiraga imikorere y’izo nzegon’ibindi.Iyo urebye inzego z’iperereza FPR yari ifite ikiri mu ishyamba ukareba n’izo ifite ubu iri muriLeta niho umuntu abonera ko Inzirabwoba mu rwego rw’iperereza zari hasi cyane, atariukubura abahanga mu iperereza ahubwo ari impamvu nyinshi zijyanye n’imitererey’igisirikare n’ubushake bwa politiki bw’icyo gihe.Uwavuga ko Inzirabwoba zari zifite amakuru macye cyane kuri FPR n’ingabo zayo ntabwoyaba yibeshye, mu gihe FPR yo ibyo itari izi ku nzirabwoba ari byo byari bicye cyane.II. Ibintu byari bimeze bite mbere gato ya Mata 1994?Kuva mu 1990 intambara itagira mu gisirikare hinjiyemo abasore benshi, ibyo byakozwe hutihuti kuko hari hakenewe abasirikare bo kujya ku rugamba, bituma hadakurikizwa amabwirizaya ngombwa ubundi yakoreshwaga mu gucagura abajya mu ngabo.

Ibyo byateye imyitwarire mibi cyane cyane mu rwego rwa discipline ku basirikare bamwe nabamwe bari bakinjira mu ngabo. Urugero: Kwiba, gutoroka urugamba, kutubahirizaamategeko y’ababayobora, guhohotera abasiviri n’ibindi..Perezida Habyalimana na Colonel Kanyarengwe i Kinihira mu mishyikiranoMu 1991 hatangiye politiki y’amashyaka menshi aho abanyapolitiki barwanyaga ubutegetsiicyo gihe bibasiye cyane Inzirabwoba, aho bamwe batatinyaga kubwira abasirikare kobarwanira Perezida Habyalimana batarwanira igihugu. Hiyongereyeho ibibazo byari mugisirikare bitewe n’abasirikare bashya binjiye hatabanje kuba igenzura rihagije byagabanyijeingufu z’Inzirabwoba. Ibyo bibazo byahuriranye n’ibitero simusiga by’Ingabo za FPR byo mumpera za 1991 no mu ntangiriro za 1992. Ingabo za FPR nibwo zashoboye gufata agace kubutaka bw’u Rwanda bwa mbere ahagana mu Mutara. N’ubwo bwose inzirabwoba ntakozitagize ngo zihagarareho abanyapolitiki ba opposition y’icyo gihe ntibari bazoroheye.Mu mishyikirano ya Arusha yatangiye mu mwaka 1992, yatumye habaho guhagarikaimirwano, ariko muri Gashyantare 1993 Ingabo za FPR zagabye igitero zitunguranye ziciyeku masezerano y’amahoro, zishobora gufata agace kanini ariko zisubijwe inyuma mu karerek’imirwano ka Ruhengeri n’ingabo zari ziyobowe na Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu.Izo ngabo zarimo amabataillons akomeye nka Bataillon Commando Huye ya Major Ir FaustinNtilikina, 1er Bataillon Muvumba ya Major BEM Emmanuel Neretse n’izindi.Nyuma yo guhagarika imirwano na none hashyizweho akarere kiswe zone Tempo ingabo zaFPR zitwa ko zisubiye mu birindiro byazo bya mbere ya tariki 8 Gashyantare 1993. Ariko muby’ukuri ako karere kari mu maboko y’ingabo za FPR ni naho zaturutse zigaba igitero cyanyuma simusiga cyo mu 1994.

Mu rwego rw’amasezerano y’amahoro yari yasinyiwe Arusha, FPR yari yemerewe kuzanaabasirikare 600 ba Bataillon ya 3 ya APR mu mujyi wa Kigali bari bayobowe na LieutenantColonel Charles Kayonga kugira ngo baride abayobozi ba FPR bari bateganijwe kujya munzego z’igihugu zari ziteganijwe n’amasezerano ya Arusha.Izo ngabo zabereye urwitwazo FPR ishobora kugeza mu mujyi wa Kigali abasirikare barihagati ya 2000 na 3000 hakoreshejwe uburangare cyangwa akagambane kaMINUAR/UNAMIR.Inzu ya CND ahari abasirikare "600" ba FPRHakoreshwaga amayeri yose ashoboka kugira ngo umubare wabo wiyongere bakoreshejeabasiviri bazaga kubasura muri CND. Amwe muri ayo mayeri yari aya:umusiviri yarinjiragaakagurana imyenda n’umusirikare wa FPR wahitaga ajya hanze mu baturage, naho wamusiviri akambara imyenda ya gisirikare akazajya ku Murindi, wa musiviri agahita yinjizwamu ngabo za FPR, naho i Kigali hakaza undi musirikare wa FPR mu mwanya we.Si ibyo gusa kuko abo basirikare bivugwa ko ari nabo bazanye Missiles zarashe indege yaNyakwigendera Perezida Habyalimana.Mu gihugu imbere hari umutekano mucye waterwaga, n’abasirikare ba FPR baribaracengeye, ubujura, abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba batorotse urugamba, amashyaka ya Politikiyasubiranagamo n’impfu z’abanyapolitiki byaje kumenyekana nyuma ko ari FPR yabaga ibiriinyuma (urugero:Gapyisi, Gatabazi, Bucyana..).

Ni muri icyo gihe kandi abasore b’abatutsi abenshi berekezaga mu nkotanyi naho ab’abahutubakajya mu mitwe y’amashyaka ya politiki yitwaraga gisirikare.Iryo yinjizwa ry’abasirikare bashya na FPR (bamwe bajyaga kwitoza ibya gisirikarebakagaruka iwabo) n’izo nsoresore z’amashyaka zirirwaga zitoza izindi zirwana, byatumagaurwikekwe hagati y’abahutu n’abatutsi rwiyongera ku buryo mu kwezi kwa Mata 1994haburaga imbarutso gusa.Icyo gihe uko byagaragaye mu buhamya bwinshi, Inzirabwoba ntabwo zari zitegute iyuburary’imirwano: Abasirikare bamwe na bamwe bategekaga amaBataillons ku rugambaboherejwe kwiga mu mahanga izo Batallons zisigara zitegekwa n’aba Lieutenants cyangwaCapitaines, nta masasu ahagije yari ahari, imitwe y’ingabo hafi ya yose ntabwo yongeyeguhabwa amasasu nyuma y’ihagarikwa ry’imirwano ryo 1993, hari amasasu yari yaratumijwembere y’ihagarikwa ry’imirwano byabaye ngombwa ko u Rwanda rutayakira kuko MINUARyabibonagamo kwitegura intambara (Muri Mutarama 1994, uwari umugaba w’Ingabo GénéralMajor BEM Nsabimana Déogratias yasabye kubonana na Ministre w’Imali, Bwana MarcRugenera ngo amusabe ko hagurwa ibikoresho kuko ibyari bihari byari bicye cyane ku buryoFPR iyo yubura imirwano byari kuba bigoye kwirwanaho, ariko Ministre Rugenera wari muriPSD ku ruhande rwari rushyigikiye FPR yanze ko ibyo bikoresho bigurwa ndetseanamenyesha bagenzi be bo muri FPR ko nta bikoresho bihagije Inzirabwoba zifite!)Leta y'u Rwanda yari ifite umuzigo munini w'abakuwe mu byabo n'intambara

Igihugu cy’u Bufaransa cyari cyarafashije cyane Inzirabwoba mu kuziha no kuzigurishaibikoresho bya gisirikare, bwari bumaze kwirukanwo mu Rwanda na Ministre w’IntebeDismas Nsengiyaremye nawe wari wabisabwe na FPR kugira ngo azagirwe Ministrew’Intebe nyuma y’isimya ry’amasezerano ya Arusha. (N’ubwo atari ko byagenze hemejweBwana Faustin Twagiramungu ariko abafaransa bari barangije kwirukanwa.) Icyo cyemezocyarakaje abafaransa cyane kuko bakimenyejejwe cyarangije gufatwa batagishijwe inama.Ikindi cyatumye ibintu bizamba ni uko igihe indege ya Perezida Habyalimana yahanurwaga,ingabo za FPR zigahita zubura imirwano, abayobozi bakuru b’inzirabwoba benshi ntibari mugihugu abenshi bagarutse mu matariki ya 20 Mata 1994.-Ministre w’Ingabo Augustin Bizimana yari mu butumwa bw’akazi muri Cameroun-Umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo Général Major BEM Déogratias Nsabimana yari yaguye mundege imwe na Perezida Habyalimana-Uwari ushinzwe imirwano muri Etat-Major (G3) Général de Brigade IG Gratien Kabiligi yarimu butumwa bw’akazi mu Misiri-Uwari ushinzwe iperereza muri Etat-Major (G2) Colonel BEMSG Aloys Ntiwiragabo yari mubutumwa bw’akazi muri CamerounKuba aba basirikare bakuru batari bahari byateye guhuzagurika no kudahita hafatwaibyemezo bya ngombwa byari bikenewe muri icyo gihe. Uko guhuzagurika kwahaye FPRagahenge ishobora kwigarurira ibice byinshi kandi bitera akaduruvayo mu gihugukatashoboye guhagarikwa.III. ABARI BAHANGANYE BARI BAHAGAZE BATE MU 1994?Inzirabwoba (Les Force Armées Rwandaises)Perezida Habyalimana asuhuza bamwe mu bakuru b'Inzirabwoba. Uvuye i bumoso ugana i buryo GenMudacumura, Perezida Habyalimana, Gen Nsabimana na Colonel Serubuga yasimbuye mu 1992

Muri Werurwe 1994, Inzirabwoba zageraga ku 34.000, n’ukuvuga Armée Rwandaise:28.000naho Gendarmerie Nationale: 6000.Bataillons nyinshi z’inzirabwoba ubundi zakagombye kuba zifite abasirikare hagati ya 600 na800, zari zifite hagati ya 350 na 600, kubera ko hari abasirikare benshi bari baraguyecyangwa bagakomerekera ku rugamba rwo muri 1992 na 1993 batari bashoboyegusimburwa kuko amasezerano ya Arusha yabuzaga kwinjiza abasirikare bashya, hari abaribarasubiye mu mashuri cyangwa bajya mu mahugurwa mu mahanga kuko bari bazi kointambara yarangiye ingabo zigiye kuvangwa, hari abari baratorotse urugamba, bivugwakandi ko hari abayobozi bamwe b’ingabo batangaga imibare itariyo y’abasirikare kugira gobarigise imishahara yabo!Inzirabwoba zari zigabanyijemo uturere tw’imirwano (OPS) kongeraho indi mitwe y’ingaboyari ifite imirimo yihariye:A. Ingabo z’igihugu (Armée Rwandaise)Chef d’Etat-major: Général Major BEM Déogratias Nsabimana yitabye Imana mu ndegeimwe na Perezida Habyalimana yasibuwe by’agateganyo na Général BEM Marcel Gatsinzinawe waje gusimburwa na Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu. Mu mategekoInzirabwoba zagenderagaho, ahabaga imirwano hose imitwe ya Gendarmerie yabaga ihariyahitaga ishyirwa mu maboko ya EtatMajor y’ingabo.Urupfu rwa Gen Nsabimana rwashegeshe InzirabwobaG1: Colonel Joseph Murasampongo

G2: Colonel BEMSG Aloys NtiwiragaboG3: Général de Brigade I.G. Gratien KabiligiG4: Lieutenant Colonel BEMS Augustin RwamanywaOPS Kigali-Ville: Colonel BEMS Félicien MuberukaS1: Major Mutsinzi Francois XavierS2-S3:Major Gd Munyarugerero VincentS4: Major Rurangwa AndréBataillon Commando Huye:Capitaine Nyaminani yaje gusimburwa na Major Ir FaustinNtilikina muri Gicurasi 1994Bataillon Cyangugu:Major Alfred RutayisireOPS Ruhengeri: Colonel BEM Augustin Bizimungu (yaje kugirwa Général Major ahita abaumugaba mukuru w’ingabo asimburwa na Lieutenant Colonel CGSC Marcel Bivugabagaboku buyobozi bwa OPS Ruhengeri)S1: Major Byukusenge AlexisS2-S3: Lieutenant Colonel CGSC Marcel Bivugabagabo

Gen Kabiligi, ukubura kwe mu ntangiriro y'imirwano kwashegeshe InzirabwobaS4: Capitaine Niyomugabo JosephBataillon Commando Ruhengeri: Major CGSC Laurent Bizabalimana32ème Bataillon: Major I.G Ruhumuriza73ème Bataillon: Capitaine Hasengineza Boniface1er Bataillon Muvumba: Major BEM Emmanuel NeretseOPS Rulindo: Lieutenant Colonel BEM Antoine SebahireS1: Major UwamunguS2-S3: Major Habimana P. ClaverS4: Capitaine Harelimana Denys2ème Bataillon Muvumba: Capitaine Niyibizi Céléstin61ème Bataillon: Capitaine Nkunzuwimye Prudence64ème Bataillon: Capitaine Rusingiza Théodore

Bataillon Gitarama :Major Ir Lambert RugambageLt Col Anatole Nsengiyumva yategekaga OPS GisenyiOPS Gisenyi: Lieutenant Colonel BEMS Nsengiyumva Anatole42ème Bataillon: Capitaine Habimana FaustinBataillon CECdo Bigogwe: Lieutenant Colonel Nzungize63ème Bataillon: Major Tulikunkiko David-EmileOPS Mutara: Lieutenant Colonel BEM Léonard NkundiyeS1: Major Ndamage MartinS2-S3: Major BEM Emmanuel HabyalimanaS4: Major Habimana DonatGen Emmanuel Habyalimana ntabwo yashoboye kurwana ku Mutara, yakijijwe n'amaguru rugikubita74ème Bataillon: Capitaine Rwaburindi Léonidas

3ème Bataillon Muvumba: Lieutenant Nshutiraguma Barthélemy81ème Bataillon: S2-S3: Lieutenant Musabyimana94ème Bataillon: Lieutenant Ntawunguka PacifiqueOPS Kibungo: Colonel BEM Anselme NkuliyekubonaBataillon RUSUMO: Capitaine Mugarura AlexandreOPS Byumba: Lieutenant Colonel BEM Juvénal BahufiteS1: Major Mathias MurengerantwaliS2-S3: Lieutenant Colonel BEM Edouard GasarabweS4: Major BEMS Kabera Christophe17ème Bataillon: Capitaine Kazabavamo Prudence31ème Bataillon: Major I.G Sylvestre Mudacumura51ème Bataillon: Major Karegeya ClaudienCpt Sagahutu yategekaga Esc A ya Bn Recce53ème Bataillon: Major BEM Mutambuka Gaspard85ème Bataillon: Major Mbarushimana JacquesBataillon RUTARE: Lieutenant Kayitare Valens

Indi mitwe yihariye:Bataillon Gako: Major BAM Augustin BalihendaBataillon Para Commando: Major CGSC Aloys NtabakuzeBataillon AC (Artillerie de Campagne): Major BEMS Aloys MutaberaBataillon LAA (light anti-aircraf): Lieutenant Colonel CGSC Stanislas HakizimanaMajor Ntabakuze wategekaga Bn ParaCdoBataillon Police Militaire: Major BEMS Joël BararwerekanaBataillon GP (Garde Présidentielle): Major Protais MpiranyaBataillon de Reconnaissance (Blindé/armored): Major BAM Francois Xavier NzuwonemeyeHari n’indi mitwe y’ingabo yari ishinzwe imirimo itandukanye n’ubuyobozi bw’ibigobya gisirikare.Escadrille Aviation: Colonel pilote André KanyamanzaBase AR: Lieutenant Colonel JMV NdahimanaLt Col Muvunyi wategekaga ESO

Compagnie Génie: Major Ladislas MunyampotoreCompagnie Batîments Militaires: Major Ir Augustin NtibihoraCompagnie Médicale: Lieutenant Colonel Dr Laurent BaransalitseCompagnie Musique: Adjudant Chef BabonangendaIshuri rikuru rya gisirikare ESM: Colonel Léonidas RusatiraIshuri ry’abasuzofisiye ry’i Butare ESO: Lieutenant Colonel Tharcisse MuvunyiCamp Kigali na Compagnie Quartier Général: Lieutenant Colonel Laurent NubahaLt Col Nubaha wategekaga Camp KigaliCamp Gako: Lieutenant Colonel BEM MunyarugaramaCamp Gitarama: Sous-Lieutenant RukabyatoreroCamp Ngoma: Lieutenant Ildephonse HategekimanaCamp Cyangugu: Lieutenant Samuel ImanishimweB. Gendarmerie y’igihuguChef d’Etat Major: Général Major BEM Augustin Ndindiliyimana

Gen Ndindiliyimana wategekaga GendarmerieG1: Major Théophile GakaraG2: Major Stanislas KinyoniG3: Lieutenant Colonel Paul RwarakabijeG4: Major Jean Baptiste NsanzimfuraCamp Kacyiru na Groupement Kigali: Lieutenant Colonel JMV NzapfakumunsiCompagnie Quartier Général: Major Jérôme NgendahimanaGroupe Mobile Kigali: Lieutenant Colonel Laurent MunyakaziGen Rwarakabije yari G3 muri GendarmerieGroupe d’Intervention: Major MurangiraCompagnie Sécurité: Lieutenant Colonel Innocent BavugamenshiCompagnie Sécurité Routière: Major RwagakingaCRDC: Major Damien BurakariEGENA: Major Augustin BuduraGroupement Ruhengeri: Major Emmanuel Munyawera

Groupement Gisenyi: Major Apollinaire BiganiroGroupement Kibuye: Major Jean Baptiste JaboGen Munyakazi yategekaga Groupe MobileGroupement Butare: Major Cyriaque HabyarabatumaGroupement Kibungo (Rwamagana): Major HavugiyaremyeGroupement Gikongoro: Major Christophe BizimunguGroupement Cyangugu: Major Vincent MunyarugereroGen Ngendahimana yategekaga Cie QG ya EM GN

2. Ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi (Armée Patriotique Rwandaise)FPR kumenya abasirikare yari ifite icyo gihe biragoye cyane, kuko hari benshi baribaracengeye mu baturage, kandi mu gihe cy’imishyikirano ndetse n’igihe amasezerano yaARUSHA yari amaze gushyirwaho umukono FPR yakomezaga kwinjiza mu gisirikare cyayoabasirikare bashya.Général Roméo Dallaire mu buhamya yatanze mu rukiko rwa Arusha, avuga ko FPR yari ifiteabasirikare bari hagati ya 20.000 na 30.000.Kuva iburyo ugana ibumoso: Gen Sam Kaka wa Alpha Mobile, Col Twahirwa Dodo wa Bravo Mobile,Col Gashumba wa Charlie Mobile na Col Musitu wa 21st MobileDore imwe mu mitwe minini y’ingenzi yari igize ingabo za APR:

Gen Kabareba yategekaga High Command-Unity ya High command yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel James Kabarebe-Bataillon ya 3 yari muri CND: Lieutenant Colonel Charles Kayonga-Alpha Mobile Group: Colonel Sam Kaka yerekeje i Kigali-Bravo Mobile Group: Colonel Twahirwa Dodo yerekeje i Kigali-Charlie Mobile Group: Colonel Thaddée Gashumba yagumye mu Ruhengeri na Gisenyi-59th Mobile Group: Colonel Charles Ngoga yerekeje i Kigali na Gitarama-21st Mobile Group: Colonel Charles Musitu yarwanye i Byumba nyuma yerekeza i Kigali-101st Mobile Group: Colonel Charles Muhire yerekeje i Kigali na GitaramaGen Ibingira yategekaga 157th Mobile-7th Mobile Group: Colonel William Bagire yamanutse mu Mutara, Rwamagana, Kabuga,Kigali-157th Mobile Groupe: Lieutenant Colonel Fred Ibingira yamanutse Umutara, Kayonza,Kibungo, Bugesera, Gitarama, Butare…

Hiyongeraho indi mitwe y’ingabo yagiye ishingwa uko intambara yakomezaga n’indi yabagaifite inshingano zihariye nka Mlitary Police, DMI…Mobile yabaga ari umutwe w’ingabo twagereranya na Brigade n’ukuvuga abasirikare hagatiya 1500 na 2500. Mobile umwe yabaga ifite compagnie (Coy) zigera hafi mu 10.Mu ntambara hagati kandi hubatswe indi mitwe y’ingabo myinshi, dore ko abasore bamwebari baratinye kujya mu ngabo za FPR bazijyagamo ku bwinshi baturutse mu bihugubituranye n’uGen Kayonga yategekaga 3rd Battalion muri CNDRwanda babonye izo ngabo zigiye gufata igihugu ndetse n’abasore ingabo za FPR zahuraganabo bose abo ziticaga zabashyiraga mu gisirikare.Gen Charles Muhire yategekaga 101st Mobile

IV. IMBARUTSO1. Urupfu rwa Perezida Habyalimana n’abari bamuherekejeTariki ya 6 Mata 1994, indege yari itwaye Perezida Habyalimana na mugenzi we w’u BurundiCyprien Ntaryamira n’abandi bari babaherekeje yahanuwe n’igisasu cyo mu bwoko bwamissile irimo kwitegura kugwa ku kibuga cy’indege cya Kanombe. (abarashe iyo ndegebayirashe ibisasu bibiri cyo mu bwoko bwa Missile SA 16, kimwe kirayihusha ikindikirayihamya).Abari bayirimo bose bahise bitaba Imana. Iyo ndege yarimo abantu baturuka mu Rwanda, uBurundi n’u Bufaransa aribo:-Perezida Juvénal Habyalimana w’u Rwanda-Perezida Cyprien Ntaryamira w’u Burundi-Génénal Major Déogratias NSABIMANA, umugaba mukuru w’ingabo z’u Rwanda (FAR)-Colonel Elie SAGATWA, umunyamabanga wihariye wa Perezida Habyalimana-Major Thaddée BAGARAGAZA, wari ushinzwe kurinda Perezida Habyalimana akaba yarianungirije umukuru wa Bataillon Garde Présidentielle-Ambassadeur Juvénal RENZAHO, umujyanama wa Perezida Habyalimana mu by’ububanyin’amahanga-Dr Emmanuel AKINGENEYE umuganga wa Perezida Habyalimana-Ministre Bernard CIZA wo mu Burundi-Ministre Cyriaque SIMBIZI w’u Burundi-abaderevu b’indege b’abafaransa Jacky HERAUD, Jean Pierre MINABERRY na JeanMichel PERRINE.

Missile SA 16Ihanurwa ry’iyi ndege bivugwa ko ryakozwe na FPR ryagize ingaruka nini cyane kuNzirabwoba kuko zari zimaze gutakaza umugaba mukuru w’ikirenga wazo n’umukuru waEtat Major y’ingabo icyarimwe.Ibyo byateye guhuzagurika no gusigana mu bakuru b’ingabo bari basigaye i Kigali dore ko naMinistre w’Ingabo Augustin Bizimana, Uwari ushinzwe iperereza G2 Colonel BEMSGNtiwiragabo Aloys, Uwari ushinzwe imirwano G3 Général de Brigade Gratien Kabiligi bari mubutumwa mu mahanga.N’ubwo hari ibimenyetso byinshi byagaragazaga ko ari FPR yakoze icyo gikorwa, FPRn’abari bayishyigikiye bakwije ibihuha ko indege yahanuwe n’abahutu b’intagondwa ngobatari bashyigikiye amasezerano ya ARUSHA. Ibi nabyo byagize ingaruka nini kukoInzirabwoba ndetse n’abahutu bahise bahindurwa ruvumwa mu mahanga ibyo bitiza FPRimbaraga muri gahunda yayo gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu.2. Iyicwa ry’abanyapolitiki n’abasirikare 10 b’ababiligiInzu abasirikare b'ababiligi bari bihishemo igihe bicirwaga muri Camp Kigali

Mu ijoro ry’iya 6 rishyira iya 7 Mata 1994, abanyapolitiki bari mu mashyaka ya opposition icyogihe barishwe, bivugwa ko bishwe n’abasirikare b’intagondwa b’Inzirabwoba ngo bahoreraPerezida Habyalimana. Ariko hari andi makuru avuga ko bamwe muri abo banyepolitiki nkaNdasingwa Landuald baba barishwe n’abasirikare ba FPR bari baracengeye mu gihugu.Undi wishwe ni Ministre w’Intebe, Madame Agathe Uwilingiyimana, wicamywe n’umugabowe. Hari amakuru avuga ko Madame Agatha Uwilingiyimana yaba yarazize ko yari amazeiminsi yibasiye Perezida Habyalimana mu mvugo zirimo agasuzuguro kenshi, amanamayakoreshaga iwe yatumiragamo abasirikare bakomokaga mu majyepfo abasaba guhirikaPerezida Habyalimana, kuba yarashakaga kujya kuvugira kuri Radio Rwanda ngo ahumurizeabanyarwanda hari ababifashe n’aho Madame Uwilingiyimana yari afatanije n’abahanuyeindege akaba yari agiye gukora coup d’Etat akoresheje Radio Rwanda mu bufatanye naMINUAR dore ko inkuru zari zakwiriye ko indege ya Habyalimana yahanuwe n’ababiligi barimuri MINUAR.Abasirikare b’ababiligi bari kwa Ministre w’Intebe Madame Uwilingiyimana, bari sectionyitwaga Mortier yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Thierry Lotin. Abo basirikare bivugwa ko baribagize imyitwarire idasanzwe ku munsi wabanjirije iyicwa ryabo ni ukuvuga tariki ya 6 Mata1994.Bari bakoze urugendo rurerure barinze bamwe mu bayobozi ba FPR bazenguruka ahantuhenshi harimo Pariki y’Akagera n’ahandi, kandi bivugwa ko baciye kenshi hafi y’aho indegeya Perezida Habyalimana yarasiwe.Igihe bari bamaze kwamburwa intwaro kwa Ministre w’Intebe Agathe Uwilingiyimana, haciyehafi aho Major Bernard Ntuyahaga wakoraga muri G4 ya Etat Major y’ingabo agiye ku kazimuri Etat Major y’ingabo. Lieutenant Lotin yamusabye kumugeza we n’abasirikare be ahariingabo za MINUAR hafi, ahari hafi hari muri Camp Kigali habaga abasirikare ba MINUAR.Yabajyanyeyo, ariko bakihagera hari abantu bataramenyekana bakwije igihuha mu basirikareb’ibimuga by’intambara byari muri Camp Kigali.Icyo gihuha cyavugaga ko abo basirikare b’ababiligi aribo barashe indege ya Perezida

Habyalimana, ibyo bimuga ndetse n’abandi basirikare bari hafi aho batangiye guhondaguraabo babiligi, abasirikare bakuru bari hafi aho bagerageje gutabara ariko biba iby’ubusa.Major Bernard Ntuyahaga wageretsweho urupfu rw'abasirikare 10 b'ababiligiMuri icyo gihe hari inama yaberaga mu ishuri rya Gisirikare (ESM) hafi yaho, yarimo abakurub’ingabo n’uturere tw’imirwano yari yanatumiwemo na Général Roméo Dallaire wategekagaMINUAR.Abo basirikare bakuru baratabaye ariko biba iby’ubusa ndetse banasabye Général Dallairekuba yabafasha akoresheje ingabo za MINUAR ariko aranga kugeza igihe abo basirikareb’ababiligi biciwe bose.Igitangaje n’uko igihugu cy’u Bubiligi mu rwego rwo guhoza abapfakazi b’abo basirikarebabwo no gushaka ushyirwaho ubwo bwicanyi bakatiye Major Bernard Ntuyahaga imyaka 20y’igifungo ngo yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’abo basirikare!Urupfu rw’aba basirikare 10 b’ababiligi rwagize ingaruka nini cyane kuko igihugu cy’u Bubiligicyahise gikura abasirikare bacyo mu ngabo za MINUAR bityo bigatuma n’umuryangow’abibumbye ufata icyemezo cyo kugabanya izo ngabo zikava kuri 2500 zikagera kuri 270.Ibi byatumye ubwicanyi n’intambara bikaza umurego abo basirikare bakimara kugenda. KuNzirabwoba uru rupfu rw’ababiligi rwatumye zigira isura mbi n’ubundi yari imaze kwangirikakubera urupfu rw’abanyapolitiki ndetse na Propaganda ya FPR n’abari bayishyigikiye.

V. ITANGIRA RY’IMIRWANONyuma y’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyalimana n’abo bari kumwe, ingabo za FPR zari mumajyaruguru hafi y’umupaka na Uganda ndetse no muri zone Tempo zahise zitangirakwerekeza mu mujyi wa Kigali.Ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zasohotse muri CND, zigaba igitero ku kigo cyaKimihurura, bamwe berekeza i Remera, abandi kuri Méridien n’ibitaro bya Faycal ugana kuKacyiru.Major Protais Mpiranya wayoboraga Bn GP yarwanye ku kigo cya KimihururaIkigo cya Kimihurura cyabagamo abashinzwe kurinda Perezida wa Repubulika (BataillonGarde Présidentielle) cyari kiyobowe na Major Protais Mpiranya. Nk’uko FPR yabivugagango yari igiye guhana Bataillon Garde Présidentielle, ariko siko byagenze kuko ingabo zaFPR nizo zahakuye isomo!Muri icyo kigo harimo igice kimwe cya Bataillon Garde Présidentielle (abandi basirikare baribarinze ahandi hantu hatandukanye nka Perezidansi ya Repubulika mu mujyi i Kigali hagati,Village Urugwiro ku Kacyiru, ingo za Perezida Habyalimana mu Kiyovu, i Kanombe, muGasiza, mu Butotori n’ahandi), hari na Compagnie ya 2 ya Bataillon Paracommando yariiyobowe na Lieutenant Jean de Dieu Gahutu yari yaje ku Kimihurura gufasha Bataillon GardePrésidentielle.Icyo gitero cyari simusiga kandi bigaragara ko cyari kimaze igihe gitegurwa neza. Ingabo zaFPR zimaze kujya mu myanya yo kwitegura imirwano zabanje kohereza ibisasu byinshicyane ku kigo cya Kimihurura, nyuma yo kugaba igitero simusiga.Abasirikare ba Bn GP na 2ème Cie Bn ParaCdo bari muri icyo kigo bihagazeho rubura gica,bashobora gusubiza inyuma icyo gitero, abasirikare ba FPR ntabwo bashoboye kurengaumutaru.

Iyi iba ibaye intangiriro y’intambara simusiga hafi y’icyo kigo yamaze hafi iminsi 88 kugezaaho Inzirabwoba zisohokeye mu mujyi wa Kigali mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga1994.Ingabo za FPR zirimo kurasisha Mortier 82mm imbere yo kwa Lando i RemeraIkindi gitero gikomeye cyagabwe ku kigo cya Kimihurura ahagana mu rukerera rw’itariki ya13 Mata 1994, cyo cyari gikomeye cyane kurusha icya mbere, mbese FPR yari yiyemejegufata icyo kigo, icyo gitero cyari cyibasiye kandi Etat-Major ya Gendarmerie yari hafi y’ikigocya Kimihurura. Ariko kimwe n’icya mbere cyaburiyemo ingabo za FPR zisubizwa inyumazihatakariza n’abasirikare benshi kubera ubuhanga mu mirwano bw’abaGPn’abaparacommando bari barinze icyo kigo.Nyuma y’icyo gitero ingabo za FPR zahinduye imirwanire, zikajya zikora udukorwa dutoyatwo gushotora abasirikare bari muri icyo kigo ndetse no kohereza ibisasu biremereye kuriicyo kigo. Andi mayeri yakoreshejwe ni ugushaka kugota icyo kigo kugira ngo abakirimobabure ubufasha n’ibibatunga, ariko nabyo ingabo za FPR ntabwo zabigezeho kugeza ahoabari barinze icyo kugo bakiviriyemo mu gihe cy’isohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali. (OpérationChampagne).Tugarutse ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zerekeje i Remera zigana i Kanombezafashe amahuriro y’imihanda yo kwa Lando, zigaba igitero kuri Brigade ya Gendarmerieyari hafi y’isoko rya Remera ziyifata bitaziruhije. Mu mugoroba waho MINUAR yafunguriyeimiryango ya Stade Amahoro ingabo za FPR.

Bataillon Paracommando yarwaniye i RemeraKu ruhande rw’Inzirabwoba icyihutirwaga kwari ukubuza ingabo za FPR gufata ikibugacy’indege cya Kanombe cyari nko mu birometero 2 by’aho ingabo za FPR zari zigeze.Hahise hoherezwa abasirikare ba Bataillon Paracommando bari bayobowe na Major CGSCAloys Ntabakuze, bafata igice kinini cya Centre Christus i Remera n’amahuriro y’imihanda yoku Giporoso. Abo bapara bari bategereje mu rukerera ngo bagabe igitero ku ngabo za FPR.Ariko muri iryo joro ingabo za FPR zo ntabwo zasinziriye zatunganyije ibirindiro byazo ndetsezinegera imbere mu duce tumwe na tumwe. Ku rundi ruhande rwa stade Amahoro ahaganamu Migina kimwe no hafi yo kwa Lando, abaturage babyutse bagwa mu maboko y’ingabo zaFPR naho abandi baricwa.Natanga urugero rwa Major GD Hélène Bugenimana n’abana be, Colonel GD PontienHakizimana (yari yaragiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru akaba n’umuvandimwe wa MusenyeriRuzindana nawe wishwe na FPR) n’abandi benshi bishwe ku itariki ya 7 n’iya 8 Mata 1994 iRemera.Abandi baturage basanzwe bajyanywe n’ingabo za FPR muri stade Amahoro aho hakomejeibikorwa byo gutoranyamo abicwa hakurikijwe amoko n’igitsina mu maso ya MINUARhakaba hari hibasiwe abagabo n’abasore b’abahutu bize n’abandi bagaragaraga kobishoboye.Ku mugoroba wa tariki 7 mata 1994 ku rundi ruhande rwa CND ahagana Kacyiru ingabo zaFPR zafashe Hotel Méridien n’ibitaro bya Faycal, abasirikare ba MINUAR bari baharibararebereye gusa.

Mu majyaruguru, Inkotanyi zari zatangiye kwerekeza mu mujyi wa Kigali ziturutse muri ZoneTempo, zambaye imyenda isanzwe zigize abaturage basanzwe b’impunzi, izo ngabo zagezei Kabuye tariki ya 7 Mata 1994 mu ma saa kumi n’imwe (17h00) aho bafashe intwaron’imyenda ya gisirikare byari bisanzwe bibitswe mu mazu ya Paruwasi ya Kabuye.Umusirikare wo mu Nzirabwoba w’umwofficier wari i Kabuye niwe wabibonye abimenyeshaEtat-major y’Inzirabwoba.Bataillon Cyangugu yatagekwaga na Major Alfred Rutayisire yari ishinze ibirindiro kuCyamutara yohereje Compagnie imwe (abasirikare barenze gato 100) i Kabuye baribategereje kugaba igitero kuri izo ngabo za FPR mu gitondo.Byari byifashe gute muri Etat Major y’ingabo tariki 7 Mata 1994?Blindés za Bn Recce zari zashinze ibirindiro imbere y'amazu y'ubutegetsi: Aha ni imbere yaRadio RwandaGusohoka muri CND kw’Inkotanyi no gutera ikigo cya Kimihurura cyatumye Etat Majory’Inzirabwoba ibona ko koko FPR yubuye imirwano.Imirimo yo kureba icyakorwa yahise itangira, ababishinzwe bose bashaka amakuru ajyanyen’uko ibintu bimeze bitegura inama yo kwiga icyakorwa yagombaga kuba mu mugoroba.Uwari wagizwe umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo n’inama y’abasirikare bakuru yari yateranye muijoro ry’iya 6 rishyira iya 7 Mata 1994, ariwe Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi yari ataragera i

Kigali. Inama yayobowe na Colonel Joseph Murasampongo wari G1 akaba n’umusirikarewari ufite ipeti rinini wari muri iyo nama.Abari muri iyo nama nta cyemezo bafashe uretse gutanga ibyifuzo by’ibyakorwa ngoimirwano ihagarare n’ubwicanyi bwari bwatangiye buhagarare.Ku basirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari muri iyo nama bumvaga FPR irimo gutera ubwoba gusa,bumvaga ko MINUAR n’ibihugu by’amahanga biribusabe FPR gusubira mu mishyikiranoigahagarika imirwano. Akazi kajyanye n’ibya gisirikare nyirizina katangiye nka saa sita z’ijoro(00h00).Inzirabwoba zari zifite Batterie imwe y'izi 122mm Howitzer. Kubura amasasu yazo byashegeshe InzirabwobaHamaze kurebwa uko ibintu byifashe byagaragaye ko FPR yafashe gahunda yo kuburaimirwano kandi yashyize ingufu nyinshi muri icyo gikorwa.Etat Major y’ingabo muri Kigali mu guhangana na FPR yari ifite OPS Kigali ville yari ifiteBataillon 2: Bataillon Cyangugu yari ku muhanda Kigali-Gatuna na Bataillon CommandoHuye yari kuri Mont Kigali. Muri za Bataillons 3 zindi Etat Major yari ifite muri Kigali: BataillonPara Commando na Bataillon Garde Présidentielle zari zagiye mu maboko ya OPS Kigaliville kubera imirwano yaberaga ku Kimihurura na Remera. Bataillon yindi yari isigaye niBataillon Reconnaissance, za Blindés zayo zari zashinze ibirindiro ahari amazu y’ubutegetsinka Perezidansi na Radio Rwanda.Ku bijyanye n’ibikoresho ibiro bya G4 byatanze rapport y’ibikoresho byari bihari. Iyo rapportyahise itera inkeke abari mu nama bose. Ububiko bw’amasasu y’igihugu cyose yari kurupapuro rusanzwe rwa A4. Amasasu yari make cyane ku buryo mu bubiko bw’Inzirabwobanta bikoresho bikurikira byarimo:

-Roquettes air-sol za Kajugujugu Gazelle-Bombes za Blindé AML 90-Bombes za Howitzer 122 mm-Bombes za Howitzer 105mmN’ibindiHowitzer 105mm (inkotanyi zazitaga Dimbahasi) nazo zabuze amasasu rugikubita zijya kubikwa i MurambaTubibutse ko uwari Ministre w’Imali Bwana Marc Rugenera yanze ko hagurwa ibikoresho byagisirikare avuga ko intambara yarangiye. Kuba Guverinoma yariho itari ishyize hamwendetse na FPR yarayicengeye biri mu byatumye Inzirabwoba zibura ibikoresho. Abasirikareb’Inzirabwoba nta masasu baherukaga kubona kuva imirwano yo mu ntangiriro za 1993yarangira.Uko bigaragara n’uko abateguraga urugamba ku ruhande rwa FPR bari bariteguyeurugamba rwa nyuma mu gihe Inzirabwoba zo zumvaga zigiye kuvanga n’ingabo za FPR.Muri uko kwitegura bashatse uburyo binjiza abasirikare benshi mu mujyi wa Kigali uretseBataillon ya 3 yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Charles Kayonga hari abacengeye benshicyane, ibi bikaba byari bigamije kubuza imitwe y’ingabo y’Inzirabwoba yari ikomeye nkaBataillon Paracommando, Bataillon de Reconnaissance na za Blindés zayo, BataillonArtillerie de campagne (BAC) na za Howitzer 105mm na Howitzer 122mm zayo, ndetse naBataillon Commando Huye gutabara aho FPR yashoboraga gutera hose iturutse mumajyaruguru.Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba yinjiye mu mirwano ifite ibibazo byinshi

Mu ijoro ryo ku ya 7 rishyira iya 8 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zavaga mu majyaruguruzambutse umuhanda Kigali-Byumba ahagana kuri Paruwasi ya Kabuye zerekeza kuri CNDziciye mu kibaya cya Kinyinya na Nyarutarama. Abasirikare ba Bataillon Cyangugu ya MajorRutayisire bari boherejwe hafi yaho birinze gutera izo ngabo ahubwo bakurikirana ibyozakoraga byose bakabimenyesha Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba.Abasirikare b'Inzirabwoba mu mujyi i KigaliKure gato y’inzira ingabo za FPR zakoreshaga hari Bataillon Police Militaire yari mu kigo cy’iKami, ariko ntacyo yashoboraga gukora ngo ifunge iyo nzira kuko yari kure kandi byasabagagutegura icyo gikorwa hatirengagijwe ko n’ikigo cya Kami cyari cyugarijwe.Aba PM ba Major BEMS Bararwerekana bakoze ibikorwa byo gukurikiranira hafi ibyo ingaboza FPR zakoraga no kwitegura kuba bakwirwanaho baramutse batewe.Ingabo za FPR zaturukaga mu majyaruguru zimaze guhura n’izari muri CND ahagana tariki 8Mata 1994, ikigo cya Kami cyaragoswe gihita kinagabwaho igitero simusiga, arikoabasirikare na Bataillon Police Militaire bari bayobowe na Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekanabashoboye kwihagararaho basubiza inyuma ibyo bitero byose.Bataillon PM yashoboye kwihagararaho kugeza ahagana tariki ya 25 Mata 1994, aho ingabonyinshi za FPR zari zambutse ikiyaga cya Muhazi zagabye ibitero simusiga ziturutse mumpinga za Gikomero. AbaPM n’imiryango yabo bashoboye gusohoka mu kigo cya Kamibashaka inzira mu mirwano itoroshye n’imitego myinshi dore ko n’amabombe yaraswagan’ingabo za FPR atari aboroheye. Bashoboye gufungura inzira bagera ku Kimironko hari mu

maboko y’Inzirabwoba bahashinga ibirindiro, kugeza ahagana mu matariki 20 Gicurasi 1994aho basubiye inyuma kimwe n’izindi Nzirabwoba zari mu gace kegereye Kanombe na Kigaliy’Uburasirazuba.Tugarutse ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994, mu museke ingabo za FPR zavaga i Kabuye n’izo muriCND zari zashoboye guhura no gukora umuhora zacishagamo abasirikare n’ibikoreshobyaturukaga mu majyaruguru bigana kuri CND no mu tundi duce.Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994 mu gitondo imirwano yari igikomeje hafi y’ikigo cya Kimihururahagati ya Bataillon Garde Présidentille ifatanije na 2ème Compagnie ya BataillonParaCommando n’ingabo za FPR zari ziyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Charles Kayonga.I Remera, ingabo za FPR zari zashinze ibirindiro inyuma ya Stade amahoro, amahuriroy’imihanda yo kwa Lando ndetse zimwe muri izo ngabo zarimo zerekeza kuri Sonatubeahagana Kicukiro. Abantu benshi bari batuye muri ako karere batunguwe n’imirwano kuburyo batashoboye guhunga, bamwe biciwe aho abandi bajyanwa kuri stade Amahoro.Ingabo za FPR zirimo kurashisha mortier 82mm muri KigaliAhagana i Kanombe, Bataillon Paracommando ya Major CGSC Aloys Ntabakuze yagabyeigitero ku ngabo za FPR, ndetse ikomeza no gucunga inzira ya Remera-Kicukiro. AbobaPara bashoboye gusunika ingabo za FPR bazikura muri Centre Christus ndetse babohozaCentre ya Remera, ariko byabaye ngombwa ko Bataillon Para Commando ihagarikakwegera imbere igana kuri stade Amahoro ibisabwe na Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba kukoGénéral Roméo Dallaire wategekaga ingabo za MINUAR yavugaga ko ibisasu

yoherezwaga na SP ya Bataillon Para Commando ndetse na Bataillon AC (Artillerie deCampagne) byituraga ku birindiro by’ingabo za MINUAR byari bifatanye n’iby’ingabo za FPRzageragezaga kubuza Bataillon Para Commando kwegera imbere.Ahagana i Kabuye ikihutirwaga ku Nzirabwoba kwari ugufunga umuhora wahuza ingabo zaFPR zaturukaga mu majyaruguru n’izari muri CND. Icyo gikorwa cyashinzwe BataillonCommando Huye ya Capitaine Nyaminani yari ishinze ibirindiro ku musozi wa Mont Kigali naBataillon Police Militaire ya Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekana yari mu kigo cy’i Kami ahaganamu gitondo cyo ku ya 8 Mata 1994. Gutegura icyo gitero byabaye nyuma ya saa sita, byaribyatinze ntabwo bashoboraga kugaba igitero bateguye ku manywa. Ingabo za FPRzakoresheje ako gahenge maze zikomeza ibirindiro ku muhora Kabuye-CND, ndetsezikomeza kongera abasirikare muri Kigali.Tariki ya 9 Mata 1994, igitero kitari gikomeye cyane cyagabwe na Compagnies ebyiri zaBataillon Cdo Huye ku muhora w’ingabo za FPR wa Kabuye-CND ariko kiburiramonticyashobora kuwufunga. Ikindi gitero cyagabwe tariki ya 10 Mata nacyo ntacyo cyashoboyekugeraho. Impamvu nyamukuru n’uko izo Compagnies ebyiri za Bn Cdo Huye zateyeumuhora wacagamo hafi Alpha Mobile Group ya Col Sam KAKA yose, abasirikarebarengaga 2000! Ibyo byatumye ikigo cya Kami gisigara cyonyine kugeza Inzirabwobazikivuyemo mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Mata 1994.Ahagana i Kabuye, Inzirabwoba zari zifite umugambi wo kubuza Inkotanyi kwerekeza mumujyi wa Kigali. Compagnie ya Bataillon Cyangugu yari yoherejwe i Kabuye ku munsiubanza yari yonyine kandi iyobowe nabi yari yagumye mu birindiro byayo yicecekeye hafiumunsi wose. Ahagana mu Gasyata, Inzirabwoba za 61ème Bataillon yari iyobowe naCapitaine Prudence Nkunzuwimye zaje ziva muri OPS Rulindo yari iyobowe na LieutenantColonel BEM Antoine Sebahire ku ya 8 Mata 1994 nyuma ya saa sita. Zashinze ibirindiro iKaruruma hafi y’uruganda rwa gasegereti ruhari, zirebana n’ingabo za FPR zari zimaze hafiamasaha 24 zikomeza ibirindiro byazo.Ku Kacyiru, ingabo za FPR zarasaga ibisasu bya mortiers/mortars ku kigo cya Gendarmerieguhera mu gitondo cy’itariki ya 8 Mata 1994. Mu ijoro ry’iya 8 rishyira iya 9 Mata 1994,ingabo za FPR zavaga ahagana i Nyarutarama zegereye icyo kigo cya Kacyiru ziteguyekukigabaho igitero simusiga. Ingabo za FPR zari ziziko icyo gitero cyiza kuzorohera kukobyavugwaga ko abajandarume batamenyereye urugamba.

Abasirikare ba MINUAR bararebereye gusa, ntabwo bigeze bashaka kujya hagati y'abarwanagaKu ya 9 Mata 1994, mu rukerera ingabo za FPR zagabye igitero simusiga ku bajandarumeba Camp Kacyiru. Ariko abajandarume bari muri icyo kigo cyari kiyobowe na LieutenantColonel GD JMV Nzapfakumunsi, bashoboye kwirwanaho bahagarika ibitero byoseby’ingabo za FPR ariko ntibashobora kuzirukana ngo bazisubize inyuma. Byabaye ngombwako ubuyobozi bw’akarere k’imirwano ka Kigali bwohereza Compagnies ebyiri za BataillonCommando Huye ziturutse kuri Mont Kigali gufasha abajandarume ba Camp Kacyiru.Ahagana nyuma ya saa sita abakomando ba Bn Cdo Huye bagabye igitero bashoboragusunika ingabo za FPR barazirukana, ariko byabaye ngombwa ko abajandarume bosebagombaga kwiyegeranyiriza mu kigo cyabo kugira ngo bashobore kukirinda barinden’imiryango yabo yabaga muri icyo kigo. Muri uko kwiyegeranyiriza mu kigo basize agace kaza Minstères na village urugwiro ntawe uharinze hafatwa n’ingabo za FPR zitarwanye.Abajandarume bakoraga akazi gasanzwe nk’ubugenzacyaha, umutekano wo mu muhandan’ibindi.. byabaye ngombwa ko bisuganya kugirango birwaneho, ndetse abandi bajandarumebaturutse mu yindi mitwe ya jandarumori nka Groupe mobile, Groupement Kibuye na Butarebaje gutera bagenzi babo ingabo mu bitugu bashobora kwirwanaho bahagarika ibitero byosebya FPR. Haje kuza abasirikare ba Bataillon LAA bafashaga abo bajandarume kwirwanahobakoresheje Canon Bi-tubes 37mm. Ikigo cya Kacyiru n’uduce tuhegereye twabaye isibanirory’imirwano ikomeye kugeza mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994 ubwoInzirabwoba zasohokaga mu mujyi wa Kigali. (Muri iyo ntambara yo ku Kacyiru haguyeinkotanyi nyinshi ndetse n’abajandarume navuga nka Major GD Pierre Damien Burakari.)Ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994, kure gato ahagana i Byumba, ingabo za FPR zateye inkambi yaNyacyonga yarimo abavamywe mu byabo bagera hafi ku 500.000, i Nyacyonga harihiyegeranyirije abantu benshi bahungaga bava mu nkambi nto zindi ndetse no muri zoneTempo. Ingabo za FPR zarashe mu kivunge cy’abo bavanywe mu byabo. Abo baturagebagerageje guhunga berekeza mu gace kari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba. Mu guhunga abobaturage berekeza i Kigali baguye ku birindiro by’ingabo za FPR zari ahagana i Kabuye,ariko kubera ubwinshi bwabo bashoboye guhita abandi bagenda bihisha mu gishanga cya

Nyabugogo bagera mu mujyi wa Kigali. Abandi bashoboye guhunga bagana mu duce twarimu maboko y’Inzirabwoba za OPS Rulindo mu guhunga bahinguka mu makomini yaPerefegitura ya Gitarama y’uburasirazuba, bagerayo bananiwe, bashonje ndetsebahahamutse.Abasirikare b'inzirabwoba barimo gukoresha Mitrailleuse Lourde 12,7mmTariki ya 10 Mata 1994 ahagana ku Kimihurura ntabwo ibintu byari byahindutse. Arikoahagana ku Kicukiro na Remera, ingabo za FPR zashyize ingufu nyinshi mu gufataamahuriro y’imihanda ya Sonatube. (muri ibyo bitero byo hafi ya Sonatube niho imodokayarimo Lieutenant Colonel Dr Kazenga yarashwe maze arakomereka ndetse aza no kwitabaImana nyuma yaho.)Ahagana mu majyepfo y’umujyi wa Kigali, hari harimo gutangira urundi rugamba ku musoziwa Rebero, aho ingabo za FPR zageze zifashijwe n’ingabo za MINUAR. Ahagana tariki ya10 Mata 1994 mu mugoroba, umurongo w’abasirikare ba FPR bagaragaye ahaganaKimisange bikoreye ibintu byinshi bazamuka umusozi wa Rebero, ku buryo n’abantu bari mubiro bya Etat-Major y’ingabo bashoboraga kubona uwo murongo. Abo basirikare ba FPRberekeje ku musozi wa Rebero ahari abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba baterenga 15 bo muriBataillon LAA (Light Anti Aircraft) bakoreshaga imbunda yari ihari ihanura indege (ishoborakuba yari Quadriple 14,5mm cyangwa Canon Bi-tube 37mm). Abo basirikare ba FPRbiyegeranirije munsi y’umusozi wa Rebero maze mu rukerera rwo ku ya 11 Mata 1994 bateraRebero barayifata. Inzirabwoba zari zihari zirwanyeho gato mbere yo gusubira inyuma.Kubera imirwano yari itangiye gukomera i Kigali, tariki ya 10 Mata 1994 Etat-Majory’Inzirabwoba yavanye 1er Bataillon Muvumba yari iyobowe na Major BEM EmmanuelNeretse muri OPS Ruhengeri iyohereza i Kigali. Compagnies ebyeri zoherejwe ku i Rebero,Compagnie imwe yoherezwa ku musozi wa Jali.

Ahagana nyuma ya saa sita ku ya 11 Mata 1994, akarere k’imirwano ka Kigali kagabyeigitero cyo gushaka kwisubiza umusozi wa Rebero. Icyo gitero cyari kigizwe na Compagniesebyiri za 1er Bataillon Muvumba zifashijwe na Escadron imwe ya Bataillon deReconnaissance yari ifite za Blindés za AML 90. Ariko ntabwo bashoboye kuhakura ingaboza FPR zari zamaze gushinga ibirindiro neza zanateze ibisasu byinshi bya mines kuri uwomusozi wari ufite agaciro kanini kuko wirengeye Kigali yose.Col Fred Nyamurangwa yari ayoboye ingabo za FPR ku musozi wa ReberoMu minsi yakurikiyeho, ingabo za FPR za 59th Mobile ziyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel FredNyamurangwa zavaga muri CND zashoboye gushakisha inzira mu birindiro by’Inzirabwobazikajya ku musozi wa Rebero ziciye ku Kicukiro na Gikondo.Mu Gatsata, igice cy’Inzirabwoba za 1er Bataillon Muvumba zari zoherejwe i Jali ntabwozashoboye kugerayo kuko ingabo za FPR zari Karuruma zazirasheho ndetse zangizan’imodoka y’imbere bituma abo basirikare ba 1er Bn Muvumba bagaruka i Kigali mu mujyi.Ingabo za FPR za Bravo Mobile Group ya Colonel Twahirwa Dodo ifatanije n’abasirikarebamwe ba 101st Mobile Group ya Colonel Charles Muhire zateye Jali izindi ziteraInzirabwoba za 61ème Bataillon zari Karuruma.Inzirabwoba zihagazeho karahava ariko ntabwo zashobora guhagarika inkotanyizabarushaga umubare hafi inshuro 3. Ingabo za FPR zashoboye gusunika Inzirabwobazifata ibigega cya Gatsata n’agace ka Gatsata ku buryo mu mugoroba w’uwo munsiInkotanyi zari hafi gufata amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo. Ndetse zinarasa zikoreshejeza Mortier/Mortar na za Mitrailleuses/machine gun ku duce twa Muhima na Kimisigara.

Inzirabwoba zashoboye kwihagararaho amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo ntiyafatwacyane cyane zikoresheje imbunda za Mitrailleuses/machine gun 12,7mm zari ku Kimisagarakuri Electrogaz na za Mortiers/mortars zari kuri Mont Kigali ndetse na Canon Bi-tubes 37mmya Bataillon LAA yari kuri MINIPLAN ku Muhima hafi y’ishuri rya APACOPE.Abajandarume b’i Jali ntabwo bashoboye kubona ubufasha, birwanyeho kugeza ku ya 20Mata 1994 ubwo ako gace kagwaga mu maboko ya FPR.Tariki ya 12 Mata 1994, kubera ko Ingabo za FPR zari zafashe Rebero, ibisasu by’amokoyose byituraga ku duce twose tw’umujyi wa Kigali ndetse n’uko ingabo za FPR zari zugarijeamahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo, Leta yari yiyise iy’Abatabazi yavuye mu mujyi wa Kigaliyimukira i Murambi i Gitarama. Kandi ingabo za FPR za mobile Bravo, 59th, 101st, zarizageze mu mujyi wa Kigali zihasanga Alpha na Bataillon ya 3 ndetse n’abandi basirikarebenshi ba FPR bari baracengeye zishaka gufata umujyi ma Kigali.Imirwano ikomeye yabereye ku Kagugu na Gisozi aho Bataillon de Reconnaissance yatakajeBlindé yo mu bwoko bwa AML 60 cyangwa AML 90. Byabaye ngombwa ko Ingabo za FPRzamanukaga ku Gisozi zigana mu mujyi wa Kigali zihagarikwa n’ibitero bya za Kajugujugu 2zo mu bwoko bwa Gazelle z’Inzirabwoba zarashe ibisasu bya roquettes kuri izo ngabo.Byabaye ngombwa ko Inzirabwoba zitabaza za Kajugujugu 2 zo mu bwoko bwa Gazelle kugirango zihagarikeingabo za FPR zavaga ku Gisozi zerekeza mu mujyiRadio RTLM nayo yarashwe n’Ingabo za FPR bivugwa ko zari ku Gisozi. Icyo giheInzirabwoba zarashe bikomeye inzu ya CND ndetse n’umusozi wa Rebero zikoreshejeimbunda ziremereye nka za Howitzer 105mm na Howitzer 122mm ndetse zakoreshaga naLMR 107mm Katiyusha yarasiraga hafi y’ikibuga cy’indege i Kanombe irasa mu duce twaRemera.

Ku mugoroba wa tariki ya 12 Mata 1994, uwari Umugaba Mukuru w’Inzirabwobaby’agateganyo, Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi wari wageze mu mujyi wa Kigali mu mugorobawa tariki 8 Mata 1994 aturutse i Butare nawe ari mu bafashwe n’ubwoba cyangwa hari zindimpamvu zabimuteye, yasinye itegeko risaba Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba kuva mu mujyi waKigali zikerekeza hakurya ya Nyabarongo i Gitarama. Etat Major ngo yagombaga kujya kuKamonyi, Base AR ikajya i Musambira, naho ibitaro bya gisirikare bya Kanombe bikajya iKabuga.Iryo tegeko ryanze gukurikizwa kuko Colonel BEM Gatsinzi yafashe icyo cyemezo ntaweagishije inama byaba ibiro bya G2 cyangwa G3 nta n’umwe wari ubizi. Iryo tegekoryakuweho tariki ya 13 Mata 1994 mu rukerera kuko iryo tegeko ryari gutuma Inzirabwobazitarwana uko bikwiye mu mujyi wa Kigali mu gihe Etat-Major yari kuba ihavuye kimwe n’indimitwe y’ingabo. Kandi byari ugusiga abaturage bari batuye mu mujyi wa Kigali bonyine mukangaratete.FPR mu gushyira amananiza mu mishyikiranoUbugambanyi bwa bamwe mu Nzirabwoba buri mu byafashije FPR gufata ubutegetsi. Uvuye ibumoso ugana iburyo Gen Gatsinzi, Gen Dallaire, Gen Mugambage

Colonel BEM Gatsinzi wari Umugaba w’Ingabo w’agateganyo, yatangiye imirimo ye mumugoroba wo ku ya 8 Mata 1994. Yinjiye muri Kigali ari kumwe na Perezida ThéodoreSindikubwabo wari umaze gusimbura Perezida Habyalimana wari witabye Imana ku ya 6Mata 1994. Guverinoma yari yiyise iy’abatabazi yari iyobowe na Bwana Jean Kambandayarahiye ku ya 9 Mata 1994, ariko ibintu byarushaga kumera nabi mu mujyi wa Kigali.Kuva ku ya 7 Mata 1994, umutekano wari muke mu duce twinshi tw’umujyi wa Kigali, hariubwicanyi, bwibasiye abaturage cyane cyane abatutsi n’abanyapolitiki kimwe n’isubiranamohagati y’abaturage byaba bishingiye ku bwoko cyangwa ku zindi nzangano zisanzwe, ibyobyajyanaga n’ibikorwa by’ubusahuzi. Ako kaduruvayo katerwaga kenshi n’insoresorez’amashyaka ya politiki yari yivanze n’abagizi ba nabi b’amoko yose ndetse bari banihishemoabasirikare ba FPR bari bashinze za bariyeri baka ibyangombwa abahise bose n’abasirikareb’Inzirabwoba bakwaga ibyangombwa ndetse hari n’abasirikare benshi bagiye bicwa n’abobagizi ba nabi. Ibi byateye akaduruvayo kenshi mu ruhande rwagenzurwaga n’Inzirabwobabituma bizibangamira bikomeye mu mirwano zarwanaga n’ingabo za FPR.Ubwicanyi bwibasiraga abaturage b’abatutsi, ndetse n’abaturage bandi b’abahutu,abasirikare ba FPR bari baracegeye mu baturage nabo bagiye bashyira mu kaga abatutsibabaga babacumbikiye, hiyongereyeho ko abo bagizi ba nabi basubiranagamo muri ubwobwicanyi bakoraga akenshi bapfuye ibintu basahuye.Abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bamwe bagiye muri ibyo bikorwa ariko muri rusange abobasirikare bitwaye neza. Ibyo bikorwa by’urugomo byari mu gihugu cyose ndetse n’ingabo zaFPR zagabaga ibitero byabangamiye cyane Inzirabwoba, kuko benshi mu basirikarebasabaga impushya ndetse hakagira abatoroka kugira ngo bajye guhungisha imiryango yabocyangwa bajye kuyirindira umutekano aho bakomokaga mu giturage kuko guca ku mabariyeri byari bigoye cyane cyane kuri bamwe muri bo babaga barashakanye n’abatutsikazi.Ntawakwibagirwa kuvuga ko ahantu henshi hari harahungiye abaturage b’abatutsi, bagiyebashyirwa mu kaga n’abasirikare ba FPR ndetse n’abakada babaga barabacengeyemobafite intwaro.Kugerageza kugarura umutekano mu gihugu ku nzirabwoba byari bigoye kubera ko Ingaboza FPR zari zikomeje ibitero, akaduruvayo katurukaga ku mashyaka ya politiki karigakomeye kuva muri za 1991, ubukene, isubiranamo rishingiye ku moko n’ibindi.Gendarmerie na Police Militaire byashoboraga gufasha kugarura umutekano ibigo byabo byaKami na Kacyiru byari batewe n’ingabo za FPR.

Gen Kagame ntako batamugize ngo yemere imishyikirano ariko yanga kuva kw'izimaKuva ku itariki ya 10 Mata 1994, ubuyobozi bw’ingabo bwageragezaga kwegeranya amakurungo burebe ibyakorwa ngo ubwicanyi bwari mu gihugu hose buhagarare ndetse bashoboreno guhangana n’ingabo za FPR zakomezaga gukaza umurego, ariko nk’uko twabivuzeharuguru byari bigoye cyane kuko kugirango ubwicanyi buhagarare byasabaga kohoherezwa ingabo n’abajandarume muri utwo duce. Ntabwo byari byoroshye kuko izo ngabon’abajandarume bari bahanganye n’ingabo za FPR ku rugamba. Kuba Inzirabwoba zariziyobowe n’abasirikare bakuru basa nk’abitinya badashaka kugira icyemezo bafata gikomeyebyateye ingaruka nini. Urupfu rwa Général Major BEM Nsabimana, kuba Général de BrigadeI.G. Gratien Kabiligi na Colonel BEMSG Aloys Ntiwiragabo bari mu butumwa bw’akazi birimu byashegeshe Inzirabwoba. Hari amakuru yemeza ko iyo ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabobudahindurwa ngo hajyeho umugaba mukuru mushya Général Major BEM AugustinBizimungu na Général de Brigade I.G. Kabiligi agaruke mu Rwanda ahagana mu matariki ya20 Mata 1994, Kigali iba yarafashwe n’ingabo za FPR bitarenze ukwezi kwa Mata 1994.Muri icyo gihe inzira yonyine yari isigaye ku Nzirabwoba yari gusaba ko habaho guhagarikaimirwano kugira ngo hashobore kuboneka abasirikare n’abajandarume bo kugaruraumutekano. Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi yagerageje gusaba ihagarikwa ry’imirwano asabyeGénéral Roméo Dallaire ko yabwira FPR igahagarika ibitero.Ku ya 12 Mata 1994, Ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba bwasabye kugirana imishyikirano yoguhagarika imirwano na FPR kugira ngo bigire hamwe uburyo bwo kugarura umutekano mugihugu. Kubera ukuntu FPR yabonaga irimo yegera imbere ntabwo yifuzaga ko habaho ayomasezerano ahubwo yiguzaga ko hakomeza kubaho akaduruvayo mu karere kari mumaboko y’Inzirabwoba kugirango ibone urwitwazo ndetse ibone icyo yereka amahanga.Mu itangazo Inzirabwoba zasohoye ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, zasabaga ko imirwanoyahagarara ku va ku ya 13 Mata 1994 saa sita z’amanywa. Ibyo ntabwo byubahirijwe kukoimirwano yarakomeje.

Gen Bizimungu yagizwe umugaba mukuru w'Inzirabwoba asanga ibintu byaradogereyeKu ya 15 Mata 1994, habayeho ibiganiro hagati y’abari bahagarariye Inzirabwoba na FPRbyari bihagarariwe na Bwana Jacques Roger Booh-Booh wari uhagarariye umunyamabangaMukuru w’Umuryango w’abibumbye mu Rwanda. Icyo FPR yasabaga ni uko ngo habahoguhagarika ubwicanyi mu karere kari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba mbere yo kwemeraguhagarika imirwano. Ibyo byari bigoye kuko abasirikare n’abajandarume bagombaga kujyamuri icyo gikorwa cyo guhagarika ubwicanyi bagombaga kuva mu birindiro byabo ku buryobyari guhita bifatwa n’ingabo za FPR tutibagiwe ko FPR yo yari ikomeje ubwicanyi mu karerekari mu maboko yayo. Inzirabwoba zakomeje gusaba imishyikirano ariko FPR kukoyabonaga guhagarika imirwano byazana amahoro kandi FPR yari izi neza ko itashoboragufata ubutegetsi biciye mu nzira y’amahoro yarabyanze. Byageze n’aho Etat-Majory’Inzirabwoba isaba ko habaho amarondo agamije guhagarika ubwicanyi yari kuba agizwena MINUAR-Inzirabwoba-Inkotanyi, ariko ibi byose FPR yarabyanze.Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, Leta y’Abatabazi yashatse kwiminjiramo agafu maze iha abasirikarebakuru amapeti ya Jenerali.Muri bo harimo:-Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu wari umukuru w’akarere k’imirwano ka Ruhengeriwahise ugirwa umugaba mukuru w’ingabo ku itariki 17 Mata 1994.-Général de Brigade I.G. Gratien Kabiligi wari ushinzwe imirwano muri Etat Major y’ingabo(G3)-Général de Brigade Léonidas Rusatira wari umukuru w’ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ESM. Yajekwishyira mu maboko ya FPR ipeti rya Général araryamburwa kugeza aho ahungiye ntabwoyongeye kurisubirana.-Général de Brigade BEM Marcel Gatsinzi wari wahariwe akazi ko kugerageza kumvikana naFPR.Biracyaza…………