Just as a balance is required between liberal arts and broadcast courses, within theirmajor, a good balance is required between theory, writing and production courses. Ifthe production load dramatically cuts into the student’s ability to perform well in otherclasses, the amount of production should be reconsidered. Unfortunately we have manystudents that are so excited about broadcasting that they slip in their other classes.Instructors must be observant and make appropriate adjustments perhaps on a studentby-studentbasis.The advantage of having a strong broadcasting skills element is that it may helpstudents perform well in internships and thus have a more “fluid movement” fromclassroom to newsroom (Hilt & Lipschultz, 1999, p. 18).Faculty and Staff Satisfaction or BurnoutJob satisfaction in broadcasting is linked to the opportunity to advance and also anindividual’s control over his or her work (Lipshultz & Hilt, 1999). These same factorsapply to broadcast faculty and staff. Broadcast faculty must be aware that while greatservice is provided to students through production experience, it may not be best forthe program to increase the faculty and staff workload. Faculty burnout may be aconsequence.Avoiding faculty and staff burn out can be resolved in three ways. Programs cansimply limit the amount of time faculty and staff devote to television production. Thisallows faculty and staff the needed rest from in-class projects. Another solution is totake on projects that generate additional revenue so that faculty and staff can be paidfor their efforts and not feel like they are being overworked and underpaid. The thirdsolution is to make sure the television production is on very intellectual or creative leveland faculty and staff receive satisfaction in the process of creating a great show. Toproduce a lot of mediocre programming through extra faculty and staff hours is notgood for the program nor the students.At some point the amount of television production that occurs on campus becomestoo large for one R/TV professor. When I went on leave I was somewhat proud of thefact that they hired two people to continue doing what I had done alone. It just sohappened that we had gotten to the point where I desperately needed an assistant toget all the projects done. Consequently we hired a staff position cable station manager.<strong>No</strong>w that person handles the “outside of class” requests for video production thatinclude projects like the university recruiting video, special summer workshopproductions and professional quality documentation of theatrical and sports events. Mystudents are able to assist him in these productions as an enhancement of the classroomand lab exercises.Interstudent Cohesion or DissensionIn order to get my students working together, I incorporated some team-buildingexercises including initiative games and low-ropes course activities. Bolduc (1998)describes some similar activities that helped to “fast start” his student video productiongroup, helping them to get to know one another and to build trust.From the beginning of the semester I stated that if the students could not worktogether on some relatively simple “games,” they could not produce quality television.The initiative activities forced the students to see that every position, whether directorBEA—Educating tomorrow’s electronic media professionals 9
or grip contributes to the overall product quality and because television is so laborintensive, that only through group cohesion, will the production work. Television canbe produced with a bunch of independent-minded jerks, but it is not fun. If studentsfind themselves in a negative or hostile environment, they will quickly change majorsbecause television is not fun. The instructor must be sensitive to group cohesion andprovide vehicles for accomplishing a well-functioning team.Quality or QuantitySome broadcast programs pound out closed-circuit or taped productions and “classprojects” on a regular basis while others take an entire semester to produce a single halfhourshow designed for air on a local commercial station. Some produce regular shows,others may discuss or simulate broadcasting experience (Pauli, 1998), and othersproduce shows only as they are developed. Some of these productions require a greatdeal of creative input and others don’t. Some broadcast graduates suggest students shouldget as much professional contact and produce as much professional quality production aspossible (Barner, 1999). What the students learn is different depending on the approach.Learning how to produce a consistent show does not necessarily teach how toproduce a quality show. On the other hand, because of the technical expertise requiredto produce television, constant practice is good, but it may not teach creativity.Broadcast instructors should strive to develop an atmosphere that encourages creativity(Gullifor & Berman, 1998). The challenge for the instructor is to balance the process ofpreproduction, production and postproduction. By emphasizing the consistency ofproducing a daily newscast, students may not be able to concentrate on learning goodresearch, writing, interviewing, and producing skills acquired through preproductionprocesses. Taking time to produce a longer documentary allows a great deal of depthinstruction on the pre-production process (Oskam, 1998; <strong>May</strong>nard, 1997). Regardless ofwhich method is used, students should have a good idea of the time commitment for theclass and projects so they may “calculate their total time obligation accordingly anddecide if they can accommodate it” (Orlik, 1999, p. 35)With the increasing pressure to include new technology in student productions(i.e.: Dupagne, 2000; Ferraro & Olsen, 2000), the question could be asked whetherstudents should continue traditional broadcast production or spend time learning thenew technologies. Budgets tend to encourage the status quo and continued learning andpracticing of traditional productions such as studio news and interview shows and multicameraevent production. But when opportunities for streaming video on the web arise,it may be time to back off the old methods that result in predictable, but qualityproductions in favor of more risky, lower production value shows, yet show that aremore technologically challenging that lead to more innovative approaches tobroadcasting.I have always had the attitude that there are enough activities and interesting eventsgoing on at the university and in the community that we don’t need to developcontent, we just need to produce existing content for television. For example, bynetworking on campus and building relationships with other departments, our studentshave opportunities to produce sporting events, theatrical and dance performances,consumer type video yearbooks for campus clubs and organizations in addition toregular news coverage.10<strong>Feedback</strong> <strong>May</strong> <strong>2002</strong> (<strong>Vol</strong>. <strong>43</strong>, <strong>No</strong>. 2)
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