DIESEL FUELS & DIESEL FUEL SYSTEMS

Application and Installation GuideDiesel Fuels & Diesel Fuel SystemsDiesel Fuel SystemsThe fuel system on a diesel engine is a highly specialized set ofcomponents which must deliver the correct amount of fuel to the cylinder atthe precise moment it is needed. A well-designed fuel system enables theengine to produce maximum power at maximum efficiency with a minimumof exhaust emissions.Today’s diesel injectors must develop very high injection pressures tofunction with modern high compression ratio engine designs. They must alsocontrol the start and duration of injection within milliseconds to perform atthe level demanded by engine customers. These precision injectors require anadequate supply of clean, stable fuel for proper operation. This requirementin turn demands careful attention to the fuel storage and handling systemsspecified for each installation.This section discusses the various fuel systems available on currentCaterpillar diesel engines, details the numerous fuel storage and handlingsystem options available for diesel fuels, and outlines the advantages,disadvantages, and special considerations which accompany each system.Diesel Engine Fuel System Descriptions/ComponentsCaterpillar diesel engines are all furnished with a fuel system based on aconventional design, utilizing unit injectors, but with differing means ofinjector actuation and control.The following sections briefly describe the basic fuel system and the threetypes of injector control systems currently in use.SECTION CONTENTSBasic Fuel System................ 8• MUI Fuel System• MEUI Fuel System• HEUI Fuel System• Common Rail Fuel System• ACERT TechnologyDesign Considerations .........12• Fuel Storage Systems• Fuel Tank DesignConsiderations• Fuel Transfer Systems• Fuel Piping DesignConsiderations• Fuel Filtration SystemsMiscellaneousConsiderations ...................30• Fuel Temperature• Fuel Coolers• Fuel Heaters• Burning Used Crankcase OilFuel ConsumptionPractices ...........................36©2005 Caterpillar®All rights reserved. Page 7