Cities Regrowing Smaller – Facing the Challenge of Shrinking Cities
Folie 1 - Cities Regrowing Smaller
Folie 1 - Cities Regrowing Smaller
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3 Lessons<br />
Typologies ‚<strong>Shrinking</strong> <strong>Cities</strong>’<br />
Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> few so far proposed typologies so far are based on causes<br />
Type Characteristics Underlying Causes Selected Contemporary Examples Policy Implications (examples)<br />
Shrinkage is Imposed<br />
Conflicts/war<br />
Political and military conflicts<br />
Beirut, Lebanon; Phnom Penh<br />
Conflict resolution<br />
Political or economic reforms<br />
Depletion <strong>of</strong> resources<br />
Spatial/Administrative Reforms —<br />
national govt.<br />
Uneconomic exploitation <strong>of</strong> natural<br />
resources<br />
Chinese county towns & villages<br />
Nauru & o<strong>the</strong>r mining cities—<br />
including resource towns<br />
Modification <strong>of</strong> administrative<br />
reforms<br />
New technology; Efficient<br />
methods <strong>of</strong> resource extraction<br />
Shrinkage due to<br />
comparative<br />
disadvantages<br />
Lack <strong>of</strong> economic<br />
opportunities/diversity<br />
Lifestyle attractions<br />
Climatic conditions<br />
Infrastructure provisions<br />
Core/periphery drift Globalization<br />
De-industrialization<br />
Re-industrialization<br />
(rise <strong>of</strong> Regional inequalities;<br />
Knowledge economy)<br />
Climatic differences<br />
Metropolitan lifestyle<br />
Poland relative to EU<br />
S. Korea -- regions outside <strong>of</strong> Seoul<br />
Metro region<br />
France (non metro Paris)<br />
Scotland<br />
NE China old industrial centers<br />
Rust belt (USA)<br />
Reinforce regional resilience<br />
Ensure embeddedness <strong>of</strong><br />
economic activities<br />
Regional decentralization policies<br />
Shrinkage due to societal /<br />
global changes<br />
Absolute decline <strong>of</strong> population<br />
Ageing population<br />
Climate change<br />
Low birth rate (fertility decline)<br />
Low population replacement rate<br />
Population structure “Demographic<br />
onus”<br />
Dresden, Germany<br />
Kyoto, Japan<br />
Australian outback towns<br />
Population policy<br />
Urban amenities/infrastructures<br />
investments<br />
Global climate policies/programs<br />
Global climate changes<br />
Source: Wu et al. 2008<br />
Pr<strong>of</strong>. Dr. Thorsten Wiechmann <strong>Cities</strong> <strong>Regrowing</strong> <strong>Smaller</strong><br />
16.02.2011<br />
Page 18
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