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Critical Care

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involving critically ill patients in the United States and Canada: Principles and<br />

recommendations. Am J Resp Crit <strong>Care</strong> Med 2004;170:1375-84.<br />

20) Curley MAQ. Respiratory research in the critically ill pediatric patient: Why is it so<br />

difficult? Respiratory <strong>Care</strong> 2011;56:1247-1257.<br />

21) Cook DJ, Burns K, Finfer S, Kissoon N, Bhagwanjee S, Annane D, Sprung C, Fowler R,<br />

Latronico N, Marshall J, for the International Forum for Acute <strong>Care</strong> Trialists (InFACT) Ethics<br />

Committee. Clinical research ethics for critically ill patients: A pandemic proposal.<br />

Crit <strong>Care</strong> Med 2010:38:e138-42.<br />

22) McDonald E, Lutz K, Tkaczyk A, Tessmer C, Clarke F, Maclennan M, Cook DJ. Enrolment,<br />

co-enrolment and non-enrolment in ICU research. Crit <strong>Care</strong> Med 2007; 35:184A.<br />

Figure 1. Factorial and coenrolment designs. In this figure, we present a schematic for a<br />

factorial design randomized trial, sequential coenrolment in 2 randomized trials and<br />

simultaneous coenrolment in 2 randomized trials.<br />

Figure 2. Coenrolment Schema. In this figure, we outline steps taken to consider coenrolment<br />

of 1 patient into 1 or more additional studies. ABLE Trial, Age of Blood Evaluation Trial;<br />

ANZICS, Australian and New Zealand Intensive <strong>Care</strong> Society Clinical Trials Group; CCCTG,<br />

Canadian <strong>Critical</strong> <strong>Care</strong> Trials Group; Fonda, fondaparinux; REB, Research Ethics Board; UFH,<br />

unfractionated heparin.

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