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Contents Foreword xiii Acknowledgments xv Abbreviations and data notes xvii Overview Moving jobs center stage 2 Jobs wanted 3 Development happens through jobs 8 Valuing jobs 14 Jobs agendas are diverse . . . but connected 17 Policies through the jobs lens 21 Jobs are center stage, but where are the numbers? 34 Questions When is the conventional wisdom right? 36 Notes 39 References 41 1 The jobs challenge 48 A job, but not always a salary 49 Youth bulges, aging societies, and migrant nations 51 Cities, wages, and women 52 Jobs are changing in surprising ways 54 Prosperity, but a changing distribution of earnings 56 The role of the private sector 58 Vulnerability on a global scale 58 Question 1 What is a job? 63 Notes 68 References 69 v
vi CONTENTS Part 1 Jobs are transformational 74 2 Jobs and living standards 76 Jobs improve material well-being 76 Jobs are more than just earnings 82 Jobs and life satisfaction 84 Question 2 Growth strategies or jobs strategies? 87 Notes 92 References 93 3 Jobs and productivity 98 Employment turbulence, not jobless growth 98 Most jobs are in very small farms and firms 104 In farms, uneven technological progress 106 Among firms, much churning and few gazelles 107 Question 3 Can entrepreneurship be fostered? 114 Notes 119 References 121 4 Jobs and social cohesion 126 Jobs can help manage social tensions 127 Jobs (or the lack of jobs) can shape social interactions 134 Question 4 Can policies contribute to social cohesion? 140 Notes 146 References 147 Part 2 What are good jobs for development? 152 5 Valuing jobs 154 Rights as the foundation 155 The value of jobs to individuals and society 158 Spillovers from jobs 159 Can the development payoffs from jobs be quantified? 162 Question 5 Skills or jobs—which comes first? 174 Notes 179 References 182 6 Diverse jobs agendas 190 Agrarian economies 190 Conflict-affected countries 193 Urbanizing countries 197 Resource-rich countries 199 Small island nations 203
Page 2 and 3: Jobs
Page 4 and 5: Jobs
Page 8 and 9: Contents vii Countries with high yo
Page 10 and 11: Contents ix 8.8 Kurzarbeit has beco
Page 12: Contents xi Maps 1 Only in some cou
Page 15 and 16: xiv FOREWORD which jobs would do th
Page 17 and 18: xvi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS through its Pol
Page 19: xviii Abbreviations and Data Notes
Page 22 and 23: Moving jobs center stage 3 To many,
Page 24 and 25: Moving jobs center stage 5 ular wag
Page 26 and 27: Moving jobs center stage 7 primary
Page 28 and 29: Moving jobs center stage 9 jobs can
Page 30 and 31: Moving jobs center stage 11 ploymen
Page 32 and 33: Moving jobs center stage 13 FIGURE
Page 34 and 35: Moving jobs center stage 15 In 2008
Page 36 and 37: Moving jobs center stage 17 two per
Page 38 and 39: Moving jobs center stage 19 • Res
Page 40 and 41: Moving jobs center stage 21 MAP 1 O
Page 42 and 43: Moving jobs center stage 23 lead to
Page 44 and 45: Moving jobs center stage 25 A malfu
Page 46 and 47: Moving jobs center stage 27 develop
Page 48 and 49: Moving jobs center stage 29 ues sur
Page 50 and 51: Moving jobs center stage 31 Policie
Page 52 and 53: Moving jobs center stage 33 can be
Page 54 and 55: Moving jobs center stage 35 ability
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Moving jobs center stage 37 earning
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Moving jobs center stage 39 Notes 1
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Moving jobs center stage 41 128. Ch
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Moving jobs center stage 43 Chen, S
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Moving jobs center stage 45 ——
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Moving jobs center stage 47 Shifera
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The jobs challenge 49 A job, but no
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The jobs challenge 51 2008. Of thes
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The jobs challenge 53 FIGURE 1.4 Mo
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The jobs challenge 55 FIGURE 1.5 La
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The jobs challenge 57 BOX 1.3 The t
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The jobs challenge 59 FIGURE 1.8 Wa
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The jobs challenge 61 FI G U R E 1.
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QUESTION1 What is a job? The world
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The jobs challenge 65 What is not a
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The jobs challenge 67 © Sebastião
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The jobs challenge 69 43. Blanchflo
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The jobs challenge 71 and John Stra
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The jobs challenge 73 1983-2008.”
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Introduction to Part 1 Economic dev
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Jobs and living standards 77 BOX 2.
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Jobs and living standards 79 FIGURE
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Jobs and living standards 81 FIGURE
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Jobs and living standards 83 BOX 2.
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Jobs and living standards 85 The la
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QUESTION2 Growth strategies or jobs
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Jobs and living standards 89 erated
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Day laborer in a pineapple plantati
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Jobs and living standards 93 52. Ch
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Jobs and living standards 95 Giles,
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Jobs and living standards 97 Stutze
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Jobs and productivity 99 BOX 3.1 Wh
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Jobs and productivity 101 FIGURE 3.
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Jobs and productivity 113 TABLE 3.1
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Jobs and productivity 117 such as n
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Jobs and productivity 119 Notes 1.
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Jobs and productivity 121 86. Berge
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Jobs and productivity 123 and Metad
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Jobs and productivity 125 Jobs in T
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Jobs and social cohesion 127 And pe
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Jobs and social cohesion 129 FIGURE
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Jobs and social cohesion 133 BOX 4.
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Jobs and social cohesion 135 BOX 4.
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Jobs and social cohesion 137 The ex
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Jobs and social cohesion 141 the ob
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Jobs and social cohesion 143 tional
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Jobs and social cohesion 145 © Aye
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Jobs and social cohesion 147 28. Fe
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Jobs and social cohesion 149 Dudwic
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Jobs and social cohesion 151 Sollet
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Introduction to Part 2 Earnings, be
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Valuing jobs 155 cohesion. Data fro
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Valuing jobs 157 BOX 5.2 Compliance
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Valuing jobs 159 FIGURE 5.1 Views o
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Valuing jobs 161 social value in th
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Valuing jobs 163 BOX 5.5 Several da
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Valuing jobs 165 FIGURE 5.4 Some ea
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Valuing jobs 167 Productivity Spill
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Valuing jobs 169 Policies to contai
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Valuing jobs 171 FIGURE 5.10 Proxim
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Valuing jobs 173 FIGURE 5.12 Gender
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Valuing jobs 175 FIGURE 5.13 Relati
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Valuing jobs 177 BOX 5.8 Manpower p
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Valuing jobs 179 Notes 1. Glewwe 20
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Valuing jobs 181 skills, have betwe
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Valuing jobs 183 Bacolod, Marigee,
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Valuing jobs 185 Hallegatte, Stepha
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Valuing jobs 187 Matthias Arnold, J
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Valuing jobs 189 Workers in Germany
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Diverse jobs agendas 191 Formal emp
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Diverse jobs agendas 193 The job st
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Diverse jobs agendas 195 creation c
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Diverse jobs agendas 197 Urbanizing
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Diverse jobs agendas 199 have been
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Diverse jobs agendas 201 TABLE 6.2
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Diverse jobs agendas 203 BOX 6.6 La
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Diverse jobs agendas 205 FIGURE 6.4
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Diverse jobs agendas 207 segmented
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Diverse jobs agendas 209 they would
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Diverse jobs agendas 211 contributi
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Diverse jobs agendas 213 moving awa
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Diverse jobs agendas 215 age group)
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QUESTION6 A targeted investment cli
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Diverse jobs agendas 219 challenges
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Diverse jobs agendas 221 that the p
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Diverse jobs agendas 223 Notes 1. P
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Diverse jobs agendas 225 128. Sawad
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Diverse jobs agendas 227 Finegan, T
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Diverse jobs agendas 229 Mallaby, S
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Diverse jobs agendas 231 WHO (World
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Connected jobs agendas 233 workers.
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Connected jobs agendas 235 M a p 7.
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Connected jobs agendas 237 impact o
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Connected jobs agendas 239 FIGURE 7
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Connected jobs agendas 241 supporti
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QUESTION7 Competing for jobs? Many
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Connected jobs agendas 245 Repúbli
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Connected jobs agendas 247 FIGURE 7
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Connected jobs agendas 249 Notes 1.
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Connected jobs agendas 251 Akamatsu
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Connected jobs agendas 253 Harrison
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Connected jobs agendas 255 Thomas,
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Introduction to Part 3 Most jobs ar
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Labor policies revisited 259 FIGURE
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Labor policies revisited 261 New da
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Labor policies revisited 263 The co
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Labor policies revisited 265 BOX 8.
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Labor policies revisited 269 terven
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Labor policies revisited 273 contri
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Labor policies revisited 275 tions
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QUESTION8 277 WORLD DEVELOPMENT REP
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Labor policies revisited 279 There
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Labor policies revisited 281 Notes
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Labor policies revisited 283 signal
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Labor policies revisited 285 ity Gr
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Labor policies revisited 287 Discus
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Labor policies revisited 289 Katz,
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Labor policies revisited 291 Robali
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Beyond labor policies 293 down. Lab
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Beyond labor policies 295 figure 9.
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Beyond labor policies 297 revealed
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Beyond labor policies 299 FIGURE 9.
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Beyond labor policies 301 gram cost
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Beyond labor policies 303 uted to s
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Beyond labor policies 305 European
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Beyond labor policies 307 BOX 9.3 I
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Beyond labor policies 311 the coope
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QUESTION9 How to accelerate labor r
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Beyond labor policies 315 ployee’
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Beyond labor policies 319 Notes 1.
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Beyond labor policies 321 116. Arou
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Beyond labor policies 323 Ann E. Ha
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Beyond labor policies 325 trategias
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Beyond labor policies 327 ———
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Glossary Jobs Jobs: While precise d
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Glossary 331 Environmental effects:
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Attanasio, Ajita Berar Awad, João
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Falco, Paolo, William Maloney, Bob
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Selected indicators General notes T
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Selected Indicators 339 reference p
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Selected Indicators 341 Table 1 Lab
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Selected Indicators 349 Table 2 Ski
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Selected Indicators 351 Table 2 Ski
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Selected Indicators 353 Table 3 Emp
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Selected Indicators 355 Table 3 Emp
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Selected Indicators 357 Table 4 Liv
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Selected Indicators 359 Table 4 Liv
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Selected Indicators 361 Table 5 Pro
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Selected Indicators 363 Table 5 Pro
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Selected Indicators 365 Table 6 Soc
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Selected Indicators 367 Table 6 Soc
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Selected Indicators 369 Table 7 Pol
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Selected Indicators 371 Table 7 Pol
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Selected Indicators 373 Table 8 Con
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Selected Indicators 375 ment. Perso
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Selected Indicators 377 cerning the
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Selected Indicators 379 Table 9 Mic
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382 INDEX manufacturing sector in,
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384 INDEX “meaningful” work, va
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386 INDEX as resource-rich country,
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388 INDEX labor laws and regulation
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390 INDEX agrarian economies, 193f
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392 INDEX Mexico cash transfer prog
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394 INDEX removing constraints by g
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396 INDEX migrant population in, 52
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398 INDEX as incentive to create go
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400 INDEX Uzbekistan inequality of
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ECO-AUDIT Environmental Benefits St
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