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Unsaturated polyester resins (UP resins) Lightweight constructions with Exolit FOR RAILWAY APPLICATIONS Figure 2: Two UP composite formulations and corresponding hazard levels (for application R1) Spread of flame 20 20 HL 1, 2 & 3 34 CFE [kW/m 2 ] HL3 HL2 HL1 Smoke density 150 300 300 DS(4) 147 212 HL3 HL2 HL1 Smoke density 300 600 1200 VOF4 87 167 HL3 HL2 HL1 Smoke toxicity 0.025 0.138 0.75 0.9 1.2 CIT HL3 HL2 HL1 MAHRE 60 90 [kW/m 2 ] 55 76 Laminate with 125 phr Exolit AP 740 Laminate with 125 phr ATH + Gelcoat with 100 phr Exolit AP 740 The Exolit containing formulations achieve at least Hazard Level 2. The application of a gelcoat with additional flame retardant on top improves the raiting for smoke density and heat release (MAHRE) from HL2 to HL3. 10 Exolit for Thermosets
Epoxy resins (EP resins) Achieving high flame retardant standards and excellent electrical properties with Exolit Due to the higher price and better performance epoxy resins are used in demanding applications. These applications are often in the E & E industry or construction where fire regulations are mostly prescribed. Here it is necessary to use flame retardants. One current practice is to use brominated EP resins based on tetrabromo bisphenol A. In the event of fire corrosive smoke gases occur, due especially to the halogen compounds. Another common solution is the use of high levels of ATH which negatively impacts the mechanical performance of epoxy based composites. Exolit flame retardants for EP resins allow substitution of bromine flame retardants or a significant reduction of filler content which broadens the application spectra of the resins. Figure 3: Different formulation examples for UL 94 test results in epoxy resin systems, phr (= parts per hundred parts of resin) indicates amount of epoxy resin without hardener FR content [phr] 60 50 40 30 20 10 V0 V0 UL 94 ( 1.6 mm ) V0 V0 V1 Exolit AP types are designed for high requirements in composites (e. g. rolling stock) whereas the Exolit OP powder types show outstanding performance in epoxy laminates for the electronic industry and are used in rigid and flexible copper clad laminates. 0 Aliphatic amine n Exolit AP 422 n Exolit AP 750 Aliphatic amine DICY DICY Phenolic hardener n Exolit OP 935 n Melamin Cyanurate n Exolit RP 6500 Picture 3: UL 94 flammability test Advantages of systems with Exolit: · No corrosive smoke in case of fire · Low smoke density · Lower filler content, therefore lower processing viscosity · Use of higher glass content possible · Lower density of the components 11
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