Forging

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Effect of forging on microstructure grain structure resulting from (a) forging, (b) machining and (c) casting. • The formation of a grain structure in forged parts is elongated in the direction of the deformation. • The metal flow during forging provides fibrous microstructure (revealed by etching). This structure gives better mechanical properties in the plane of maximum strain but (perhaps) lower across the thickness. • The workpiece often undergo recrystallisation, therefore, provide finer grains compared to the cast dendritic structure resulting in improved mechanical properties. Suranaree University of Technology Tapany Udomphol Jan-Mar 2007
Forming textures Redistribution of metal structures occurring during forming process involves two principle components; 1) redistribution of inclusions and 2) crystallographic orientation of the grains 1) The redistribution of inclusions Redistribution during forming of (a) soft inclusions (b) hard inclusions Suranaree University of Technology Tapany Udomphol Jan-Mar 2007
Page 1 and 2: Chapter 2 Forging Subjects of inter
Page 3 and 4: Introduction • Forging is the wor
Page 5 and 6: Forging operations Fullering is use
Page 7 and 8: Classification of forging processes
Page 9 and 10: Hammer and press forging processes
Page 11 and 12: Forging hammer or drop hammer Belt
Page 13 and 14: Power hammer • Power hammer provi
Page 15 and 16: Example: Hydraulic Press forging
Page 17 and 18: Typical values of velocity for diff
Page 19 and 20: Open-die forging • Open-die forgi
Page 21 and 22: Closed-die forging operation billet
Page 23 and 24: Example: Die set and forging steps
Page 25 and 26: Shape classification •The degree
Page 27 and 28: Preform design is the most difficul
Page 29 and 30: General considerations for preform
Page 31 and 32: www.nitrex.com Die materials Requir
Page 33 and 34: Die materials Die life can be incre
Page 35 and 36: Calculation of forging loads The to
Page 37 and 38: D o h o h D We have engineering str
Page 39 and 40: • Consider the force acting on a
Page 41 and 42: As the frictional force µσ y is u
Page 43 and 44: The total forging load, P, is given
Page 45 and 46: Example: The flash has high deforma
Page 47 and 48: In the case of sticky friction, if
Page 49: The mean forging load (in the stick
Page 53 and 54: Residual stresses in forging • Th
Page 55 and 56: Typical forging defects www.mece.ua
Page 57 and 58: Summary • Mainly hot forging - Bl

Forging

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