Forging

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Typical forging defects files.bnpmedia.com • Incomplete die filling. • Die misalignment. • <strong>Forging</strong> laps. • Incomplete forging penetration- should forge on the press. • Microstructural differences resulting in pronounced property variation. • Hot shortness, due to high sulphur concentration in steel and nickel. Fluorescence penetrant reveals <strong>Forging</strong> laps www.komatsusanki.co.jp See simulation Suranaree University of Technology Tapany Udomphol Jan-Mar 2007
Typical forging defects www.mece.ualberta.ca • Pitted surface, due to oxide scales occurring at high temperature stick on the dies. • Buckling, in upsetting forging. Subject to high compressive stress. • Surface cracking, due to temperature differential between surface and centre, or excessive working of the surface at too low temperature. • Microcracking, due to residual stress. http://upload.wikimedia.org Buckling Suranaree University of Technology Tapany Udomphol Jan-Mar 2007
Page 1 and 2:
Chapter 2 Forging Subjects of inter
Page 3 and 4: Introduction • Forging is the wor
Page 5 and 6: Forging operations Fullering is use
Page 7 and 8: Classification of forging processes
Page 9 and 10: Hammer and press forging processes
Page 11 and 12: Forging hammer or drop hammer Belt
Page 13 and 14: Power hammer • Power hammer provi
Page 15 and 16: Example: Hydraulic Press forging
Page 17 and 18: Typical values of velocity for diff
Page 19 and 20: Open-die forging • Open-die forgi
Page 21 and 22: Closed-die forging operation billet
Page 23 and 24: Example: Die set and forging steps
Page 25 and 26: Shape classification •The degree
Page 27 and 28: Preform design is the most difficul
Page 29 and 30: General considerations for preform
Page 31 and 32: www.nitrex.com Die materials Requir
Page 33 and 34: Die materials Die life can be incre
Page 35 and 36: Calculation of forging loads The to
Page 37 and 38: D o h o h D We have engineering str
Page 39 and 40: • Consider the force acting on a
Page 41 and 42: As the frictional force µσ y is u
Page 43 and 44: The total forging load, P, is given
Page 45 and 46: Example: The flash has high deforma
Page 47 and 48: In the case of sticky friction, if
Page 49 and 50: The mean forging load (in the stick
Page 51 and 52: Forming textures Redistribution of
Page 53: Residual stresses in forging • Th
Page 57 and 58: Summary • Mainly hot forging - Bl
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Forging

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