Form and Style for ASTM Standards - ASTM International

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actions. This documentation may include: (1) a brief history of the development of a new standard or revision to an existing standard including when and why the effort was initiated, (2) reasons and justification for requirements, (3) documentation of factors considered, and (4) listing of technical sources and literature. A30.2 If included, this information shall appear in an appendix of the standard. A30.3 Examples of standards that include section on rationale: E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials F746 Test Method for Pitting or Crevice Corrosion of Metallic Surgical Implant Materials A31. Summary of Changes A31.1 If the committee chooses to provide a Summary of Changes, place this unnumbered section at the end of the standard and begin with the following introductory paragraph: Committee XXX has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (insert designation and year date ) that may impact the use of this standard. A31.2 An asterisk will appear after the Scope (Scope*) with the following wording at the FORM OF ASTM TEST METHODS A-15 bottom of the first page: *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. A31.3 Next list, by section or subsection, changes made since the last issue that may impact the use of the standard. For standards that have undergone multiple revisions in a short period of time, keep the Summary of Changes in the standard for 18 months. This will ensure that all changes from one publication of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards to the next are recorded. Brief descriptions of the changes and reasons for the changes may be included. If desired, a more extensive description of reasons for the changes should be placed in the appendix. A31.4 An example of the list of changes is: (1) Deleted Section 5 and renumbered subsequent sections. (2) Updated precision statement in Section 10 to reflect the results of a recent interlaboratory study. (3) Revised hardness requirements in Table 2. (4) Revised Section 14 on Product Marking.
PART B FORM OF ASTM SPECIFICATIONS INTRODUCTION The broad scope of ASTM International, which covers materials, products, systems, and services, and the need to provide for a variety of approaches to the writing of ASTM specifications, prevent the development of a single document or a series of documents that list all subjects to be covered in all ASTM specifications. This document, however, is intended to provide considerable guidance to the committees in their specification-writing activities. Special instructions with respect to the legal aspects shall be followed in writing any standard. These include such matters as contractual items, caveat statements, patents, and fire standards. Assistance on development of fire standards is available from Committee E05. See Part F for details. When a standard is being developed, the costs associated with its development and subsequent use generally should be considered. The prime objective should be the optimum use of resources to achieve satisfactory definition of the product or service. However, it should be noted that when the standard relates to the safety of persons, cost considerations are likely to become much less important than when attributes of materials or products are involved. Some standards, such as definitions, impose no cost on the user; others that include numerous and extensive requirements can entail significant expense to users of the standard. The requirements to be included should, therefore, be those that are technically relevant and yield benefits commensurate with the cost of their determination. Cost effective statements or rationale may be included within a standard if appropriate, usually in an appendix. Standards or sections of standards relating to the safe use or performance of consumer products (see NOTE B1) may be sent to Committee F15 on Consumer Products for review and comment at some appropriate stage prior to letter ballot of the originating main committee. This review is offered by Committee F15 to provide for the maximum of consumer input. Draft standards submitted to Committee F15 will receive rapid and constructive critique. NOTE B1—Consumer products are those designed primarily for use by the consumer in and around the home, school, or recreational areas. B1. Functions B1.1 Specifications (see definition on p. vii) may have three functions and, although many specifications serve all three, it is well that those drafting specifications keep these functions in mind so that the primary purposes are not confused. B1.1.1 Purchasing— Specifications facilitate dealings between the purchaser and the supplier. Sufficient requirements should be included to ensure that all batches, lots, or deliveries from any seller that conform to the specification will be satisfactory to the purchaser. Unnecessary requirements are likely to increase costs and should be avoided. B-1 B1.1.2 Standardization— Standardization is an inevitable byproduct of most specifications. In some cases it may be the primary function. Standardization involves a deliberate and possibly arbitrary choice of a limited number from the multiplicity of qualities, sizes, compositions, etc., that may be available. B1.1.3 Providing Technical Data— All specifications contain technical information, but in some cases the designer requires more information than that provided for purchase or standardization. Committees may add information of this type to specifications either as requirements or as appendixes. B1.2 Open-End Agreements— There shall be no statements in specifications that allow
Page 1 and 2: Form and Style for ASTM Standards M
Page 3 and 4: ©BY AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING A
Page 5 and 6: PREFACE ASTM International (hereaft
Page 7 and 8: DEFINITION The following definition
Page 9 and 10: Cost effectiveness statements or ra
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Page 43 and 44: PART E TERMINOLOGY IN ASTM STANDARD
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product marking section, B22 ration
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