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Contents Acknowledgements Inside front cover Foreword 3 Chapter 1. Contexts: The HBSC study, methods and demographics 7 Why adolescents? 7 Note on terminology 7 The HBSC study 7 What aspects of young people’s lives does HBSC ask about? 8 Collaborations and England-only questions 8 Methodology 9 Recruitment strategy 9 Conduct of the survey 9 Ethics and consent 9 Participation of young people 9 Characteristics of pupils 10 Response rates 10 Grade and gender 10 Ethnicity 10 Free school meals 11 Weighting 11 Presentation of findings 12 References 12 Chapter 2. Health and well-being 13 Key messages 13 Introduction 13 Perceived health 13 Self-rated health 13 Life satisfaction 14 Health complaints 18 Multiple health complaints 19 Emotional well-being 20 Primary health care use 21 Visited GP last year 21 Feeling at ease with GP 22 Respect from GP 22 GP’s explanations 23 Discussing personal issues 23 Long term condition or disability 24 Type of condition or disability 24 Taking medication 24 School attendance 25 Summary 25 Young people’s thoughts on health and well-being 26 References 26 4 HBSC England National Report
Chapter 3. Health behaviours 27 Key messages 27 Introduction 28 Diet and nutrition 29 Eating breakfast 29 Fruit and vegetable intake 31 Consumption of sweets, sugary drinks and fast food 34 Sleep 38 Body image 40 Physical activity 44 Summary 46 Young people’s thoughts on health behaviours 46 References 47 Chapter 4 Substance use 49 Key messages 49 Introduction 49 Smoking 50 Alcohol 52 Cannabis 54 Summary 56 Young people’s thoughts about substance use 56 References 57 Chapter 5. Sexual health and well-being 58 Key messages 58 Introduction 59 Love 59 Sex 61 Summary 64 Young people’s thoughts on sex and relationships 64 References 65 Chapter 6. Injuries and Physical fighting 66 Key messages 66 Introduction 66 Injuries 67 Fighting 69 Self-harm 70 Summary 70 References 71 Chapter 7. Family and community life 72 Key messages 72 Introduction 72 Parental employment and family structure 73 Parental employment 73 HBSC England National Report 5
Page 1 and 2: HBSC England National Report Health
Page 3: Foreword by Jane Ellison Since 1997
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 1 Contexts: The HBSC study,
Page 9 and 10: Methodology Prior to the commenceme
Page 11 and 12: Table 1.3: Participating pupils by
Page 13 and 14: Chapter 2 Health and Well-being Key
Page 15 and 16: Figure 2.2: Thriving: Proportions o
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2.5: suffering: Proportions
Page 19 and 20: Multiple health complaints Half of
Page 21 and 22: Primary health care service use Mea
Page 23 and 24: GP’s explanations Overall, 83% of
Page 25 and 26: School attendance Of those who repo
Page 27 and 28: Chapter 3 Health Behaviours Key mes
Page 29 and 30: Diet and nutrition Measure • How
Page 31 and 32: Figure 3.4: Young people who report
Page 33 and 34: Figure 3.7: Young people who report
Page 35 and 36: Figure 3.11: Eating sweets daily 20
Page 37 and 38: 17% of young people reported eating
Page 39 and 40: Figure 3.16: Young people who do no
Page 41 and 42: Figure 3.18: Young people who feel
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.22: Young people on a diet
Page 45 and 46: Figure 3.24: Young people meeting r
Page 47 and 48: References Austin, S. B., & Gortmak
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 4 Substance Use Key message
Page 51 and 52: Age of first cigarette for 15 year
Page 53 and 54: Drinking to Excess Measures • Hav
Page 55 and 56:
Cannabis use in last 30 days Measur
Page 57 and 58:
References Brooks, F. M., Smeeton,
Page 59 and 60:
Love Measures • Have you ever bee
Page 61 and 62:
Sex Measures • Have you ever had
Page 63 and 64:
Figure 5.6: Contraceptive method us
Page 65 and 66:
References Blake, S., Emmerson, L.,
Page 67 and 68:
Injuries Measures • During the pa
Page 69 and 70:
Fighting Measure • During the pas
Page 71 and 72:
References Chiolero, A., & Schmid,
Page 73 and 74:
Parental employment and family stru
Page 75 and 76:
Young people’s view of neighbourh
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 7.3: Young people who find i
Page 79 and 80:
Parental involvement and support fo
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 7.6: Young people who make d
Page 83 and 84:
Sports and exercise Overall, 41% of
Page 85 and 86:
References Afifi, T. D., Joseph, A.
Page 87 and 88:
Feeling pressured by schoolwork rel
Page 89 and 90:
Academic achievement Measure • In
Page 91 and 92:
Figure 8.5: Young people who said t
Page 93 and 94:
School belonging Measure • Here a
Page 95 and 96:
Figure 8.10 : Young people who agre
Page 97 and 98:
PSHE Measures • Have you attended
Page 99 and 100:
Among those who had attended PSHE l
Page 101 and 102:
Chapter 9 Peer relationships, frien
Page 103 and 104:
Overall only 5% of young people rep
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 9.2: Proportion of young peo
Page 107 and 108:
Just over two thirds (68%) of respo
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 9.7 Young people who report
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 9.11: Young people who have
Page 113 and 114:
References Alikasifoglu, M., Ergino
Page 116:
sexual health relationships family
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