TECHNOLOGY AT WORK
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6<br />
Citi GPS: Global Perspectives & Solutions February 2015<br />
Contents<br />
1. The Changing Nature of Innovation 7<br />
2. Technology at Work 15<br />
3. Technology in the 21 st Century 23<br />
The Big Data Revolution and the Digitisation of Industries 23<br />
The Internet of Things and Advanced Sensors 31<br />
Intelligent Robotics 34<br />
The Market for Industrial Robotics 40<br />
Autonomous Robots 49<br />
3D Printing 55<br />
4. The World of Work in the 21 st Century 57<br />
The Expanding Scope of Automation 57<br />
Technology and New Work 63<br />
The Concentration of New Work and the Rise of Innovation Cities 64<br />
Self-Employment: The New Normal? 65<br />
5. Digital Transformation: Risks and Opportunities 67<br />
Risks 67<br />
Inequality 67<br />
Macroeconomic Stability Risk 72<br />
Secular Stagnation 72<br />
Opportunities 78<br />
Productivity 78<br />
The Sharing Economy 80<br />
A World of Leisure 81<br />
6. Adapting to Technological Change: Pathways and<br />
Strategies 83<br />
Planning for the Long Term 83<br />
Tax Wedges and Active Labour Market Policies 84<br />
Making Growth Inclusive 88<br />
Transforming Education 89<br />
About the Oxford Martin School 92<br />
References 93<br />
The Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Employment is a new<br />
research programme established in January 2015 with support from Citi. It has been<br />
created to investigate the implications of a rapidly changing technological landscape<br />
for economies and societies. The programme will provide an in-depth understanding<br />
of how technology is transforming the economy, to help leaders create a successful<br />
transition into new ways of working in the 21st century. The programme is part of a<br />
wider research partnership between the Oxford Martin School and Citi, analysing<br />
some of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st Century.<br />
© 2015 Citigroup