Seventh International Congress of Hymenopterists

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7 th International Congress of Hymenopterists 20-26 June 2010, Kszeg Hungary _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ be explored in order for any study of ecological interactions to be placed into the correct context. Within the community of wasps associated with cynipid oak galls, many chalcid parasitoid natural enemies have very broad host ranges and in some cases genetic data have revealed the presence of previously unknown cryptic species. Here we investigate whether two chalcid parasitoids of oak galls, Ormyrus pomaceus (Ormyridae) and Eupelmus urozonus (Eupelmidae), contain cryptic genetic lineages. Both these species have particularly broad host ranges; O. pomaceus is known to attack at least 95 species of cynipid gall inducer, while E. urozonus is exceptionally polyphagous, attacking both at least 87 oak gall species and a wide range of noncynipid hosts. We used a multi-locus DNA barcoding approach, sequencing both the standard gene used for barcoding, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI), plus introns from multiple nuclear loci. Although levels of sequence variation are typically lower in nuclear genes, they are an essential tool when searching for cryptic species as nuclear corroboration for mitochondrial lineages provides strong evidence for the reproductive isolation of these lineages, and hence the delimitation of cryptic species. Bayesian methods were used to construct phylogenies for the two morpho-species, and host use (both the insect attacked by the parasitoid and the host plant of the attacked insect) was then mapped onto the phylogenies. Both morpho-species were found to contain multiple cryptic lineages supported by both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Cryptic species within both species complexes did not appear to be ecological specialists either at the level of host taxon or at the lower trophic level of host plant, at least within the sampling obtained from cynipid oak galls. One lineage with the E. urozonus complex was sampled almost exclusively from leaf-mining caterpillars on oak trees, although one individual from this lineage was also sampled from an oak cynipid gall, indicating that the communities of natural enemies attacking leaf-mining caterpillars and cynipid galls occasionally exchange members. The presence of cryptic generalist parasitoids within the oak gall community highlights the need for further ecological study of these cryptic lineages to explain how multiple ecologically similar species co-exist within the same community and to describe impacts on trophic interactions mediated by increased numbers of apparently generalist natural enemies. ____________________________________ Ichneumonidae collected from the Suez Canal and North Sinai regions, Egypt (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) Neveen Samy Gadallah 1* , Rowaida Saleh Ahmad 2 , Ahmed El-Heneidy 3 & Samar Mohammed Mahmoud 3 1 Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; n_gadallah@yahoo.com 2 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; rowaida_@msn.com 3 Department of Biological Control, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt; aheneidy@link.net The present study is carried out to investigate and review the species of the family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) attacking different pests of cultivated plants in Suez Canal (especially Ismailia) and N. Sinai (especially El- Arish) regions. Collection was done using the Japanese sweeping net and Malaise trap during the period 2007-2009. A total of 31 ichneumonid species belonging to 23 genera and 10 subfamilies: Anomaloninae (2 genera, 3 species), Banchinae (1sp.), Campopleginae (7 genera, 10 species), Cryptinae (3 genera, 4 species), Diplazontinae (2 genera, 2 species), Ichneumoninae (2genera, 2 species), Metopiinae (1species), Ophioninae (2 genera, 3 species), Pimplinae (2 genera, 3 species) and Tryphoninae (1 genus, 2 species). Of these seven species are new records to the fauna of Egypt. 30
7 th International Congress of Hymenopterists 20-26 June 2010, Kszeg Hungary _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ The collecting data of the ichneumonid species, their hosts as well as their previous records in Egypt is given. Almost all the listed species are not previously recorded from the two regions under study except for: Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) and Enicospilus ramidulus (Linn.) were previously recorded from W. Rabdet (N.Sinai) and Ophion obscuratus Fab., previously recorded from Ismailia (Suez Canal Region) and El-Zaraniq (N.Sinai). ____________________________________ Calosota Curtis (Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae) — pulling the proverbial thread of knowledge Gary A.P. Gibson Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes (CNC), Agriculture & Agri-food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Gary.Gibson@agr.gov.ca Calosota Curtis (Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae) is a comparatively small genus of parasitoid wasps that primarily attack woodboring beetles. Eight species have been included in the genus in the New World, including 3 from South America and 5 from North America, whereas 13 valid species are recognized in Europe. In 2009 specimens were received for identification that were reared from the goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus coxalis Waterhouse (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), a pest of oaks in California. Initial study suggested that these specimens represented a new species and the foolish promise to describe it because of its potential for biocontrol of the pest. Additional study to adequately characterize the new species quickly led to the discovery of other undescribed North American species in the CNC and a full revision of the genus for the region. This resulted in the discovery that some of the North American species extend further south into Central America and West Indies and enlarging the revision to include these regions. Study to ensure correct nomenclature also suggested that three of the five described North American species occur also in Europe under other names, which led to a “review” of the European species. The results of what started out as a single species description but ended up in a revision of the West Indies and North and Central American species, including the description of 7 new species, 7 new synonyms for North American and European names, the resurrection of 2 European species names, observations on 9 other European names, and the transfer of 2 South American species to other genera will be summarized. ____________________________________ Recent advances in the chromosomal studies of the superfamilies Cynipoidea and Chalcidoidea Vladimir E. Gokhman Botanical Garden, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991 Russia; gokhman@bg.msu.ru Chromosomes of about 200 species of parasitic wasps that belong to 16 families of the Chalcidoidea and Cynipoidea have been studied up to now. Although overall karyotypic features of those groups are summarized in my recently published monograph, Karyotypes of Parasitic Hymenoptera, the described pattern must be updated with a number of new results. Specifically, these results confirm that the chromosome set containing eleven subtelocentrics or acrocentrics is likely to be ancestral for the superfamily Chalcidoidea. Moreover, modern karyotypic information blurs an apparent border between the so-called "high-numbered" and "low-numbered" families of the Chalcidoidea having n = 8-12 and 3-7 respectively. Mymaridae, the most basal chalcid family, is the only taxon of its rank that has fully retained 31
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Seventh International Congress of Hymenopterists

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