Seventh International Congress of Hymenopterists

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7 th International Congress of Hymenopterists 20-26 June 2010, Kszeg Hungary _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ diversity of the Mutillidae occurs in the Ancient Mediterranean Region (AMR) - 464 species and 47 genera, including 12 endemic and 18 unique genera. Among the subregions of the AMR, the Mutillidae are most abundant in the Mediterranean subregion (198 species, 34 genera) and Irano-Turanian superprovince (178 species, 31 genera) of the Sahara-Gobi subregion. The East Asian region numbers 48 species in 21 genera, including nine unique ones common with the Oriental region. Thirty eight species in 15 genera are distributed in the Boreal region, but no endemic or unique genera exist there. The cluster analysis of the distribution of 57 genera among seven Palaearctic regions shows that the branch of East Asian fauna device at first (coefficient similarity 0.36) and than the branches of Central Asian and Sahara-Sind faunas. The Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian faunas of the AMR form a stable cluster (coefficient similarity 0.71, bootstrap 84). The Boreal region and Eurasian steppe subregion of AMR have the greatest similarity (coefficient similarity 0.84, bootstrap 96). The cluster analysis of the distribution of 302 species among 24 local faunas shows that the East Asian region is most distinct. The Mutillidae of the Boreal region forms a weak cluster with the Mediterranean subregion. The mutillid fauna of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan is transitional between the Mediterranean and the Irano-Turanian faunas. The greatest diversity has AMR - 464 species, 47 genera including 12 endemic and 18 unique genera. On the generic level the Palaearctic fauna is the most similar to the Oriental (31 common genera) and Afrotropical (21 common genera) faunas. The mutillid fauna of the Boreal region is a less diverse and poorest. In spite of the small size of the East Asian mutillid fauna of the Palaearctic, it is closely connected with the Oriental region. ____________________________________ A remarkable new species of gallwasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from South Africa, placed in a new tribe Johan Liljeblad 1 *, José Luis Nieves-Aldrey 2 , George Melika 3 & Stefan Neser 4 1 Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish Agricultural University, P.O.Box 7007, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; cynips@gmail.com 2 Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain; aldrey@mncn.csic.es 3 Pest Diagnostic Laboratory, Plant Protection & Soil Conservation Directorate of County Vas, Ambrozy setany 2, 9762 Tanakajd, Hungary; melikageorge@gmail.com 4 ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute,. Private Bag X134, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; NeserS@arc.agric.za We describe as new a species in a new genus and new tribe. Larvae and adult females of the hitherto only known generation were collected from galls on the small tree Scolopia mundii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Warb. (Flacourticaceae). Diagnostic characters and a key to the tribes of the Cynipidae are included. With its unique South African distribution and seemingly plesiomorphic morphology, this taxon will be important for the future untangling of the early evolution of the microcynipoids. ____________________________________ 40
7 th International Congress of Hymenopterists 20-26 June 2010, Kszeg Hungary _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Taxonomy, systematics and biogeography of Rhopalosomatidae with special reference to macropterous forms (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) Volker Lohrmann 1 * & Michael Ohl 2 Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung an der Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; 1 volker.lohrmann@mfn-berlin.de, 2 michael.ohl@mfn-berlin.de The family Rhopalosomatidae is still one of the least known hymenopteran groups. The oldest fossil representatives date back to the early Cretaceous. Whereas the family assignment of the known compression fossils tentatively placed in Rhopalosomatidae is rather controversial, the affinities of Eorhopalosoma from Burmese amber is fairly clear. The two amber specimens share most diagnostic features of the modern macropterous forms, such as the characteristic wing venation, the large ocelli, apical bristles on the first flagellomeres and the upcurved male parameres. Nevertheless, the presence of only one apical bristle on each basal flagellomere and a quadridentate mandible suggests that the amber fossils are intermediate between the enigmatic, brachypterous genus Olixon and the modern macropterous forms. The recent fauna of the family currently consists of four genera, and its distribution is largely limited to the subtropics and tropics in all biogeographical regions. As far as is known, members of the family are ectoparasitoids of crickets. Although the family has been quite rare in collections for a long time, the number of specimens available for study has increased rapidly in the last 30 years as a result of the use of non-selective traps and several large-scale biodiversity inventory projects. As an example, this has resulted in over 300 specimens of the rhopalosomatid genus Liosphex, a genus previously known from two species and 15 specimens only. Based on the newly collected material, the genus in fact comprises at least 14 species worldwide. Based on a cladistic analysis of external morphological characters, a preliminary phylogeny of the world Liosphex is proposed. The results support a sister group relationship between Liosphex and a monophyletic clade consisting of Rhopalosoma and Paniscomima. Within Liosphex, the only Asiatic species, L. trichopleurum, is probably the sister taxon to all New World species, which together form a monophyletic group. ____________________________________ Quantifying the Pleistocene history of the oak gall parasitoid Cecidostiba fungosa using twenty intron loci Konrad Lohse 1* , Barbara J. Sharanowski 2 & Graham N. Stone 1 1 Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, EH9 3JT, UK; K.R.Lohse@sms.ed.ac.uk, graham.stone@ed.ac.uk 2 barb.sharanowski@gmail.com, Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, 2317 Gardner Hall, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC, USA 27695 The longitudinal spread of temperate organisms into refugial populations in Southern Europe is generally assumed to predate the last interglacial. However few studies have attempted to quantify this process in non-model organisms using explicit models and multilocus data. We used sequence data for 20 intron-spanning loci (12 kb per individual) to resolve the history of refugial populations of a widespread western Palaearctic oak gall parasitoid Cecidostiba fungosa (Pteromalidae). Using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods we assess alternative population tree topologies and estimate divergence times and ancestral population sizes under a model of divergence between three refugia (Middle East, Balkans and Iberia). Both methods support an ‘Out of the East’ history for C. fungosa, matching the pattern 41
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Seventh International Congress of Hymenopterists

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