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INTRODUCTION

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The electricity network showcases<br />

the cooperative nature of the<br />

American continent.<br />

The entire network includes two<br />

major and three minor electrical<br />

networks in alternating current<br />

(AC).<br />

Eastern and Western<br />

interconnections are major systems,<br />

each of which extends from the<br />

southern border of the United<br />

States to Canada. Minor<br />

interconnections are Texas, Alaska<br />

and Quebec but operate on the<br />

same frequency synchronized with<br />

respect to the primary systems. In<br />

rare cases of a network failure, the<br />

energy can be diverted from one<br />

interconnected through direct<br />

current systems (DC). The energy<br />

trade, including petroleum products<br />

and electricity, is allowed by free<br />

trade parameters. The regulatory<br />

framework allows energy policies of<br />

the US and Canada to work in<br />

unison.<br />

The documents on which the EU is<br />

based on the other hand, are<br />

counterproductive in this regard<br />

and act to curb this type of unit.<br />

The EU's governing body does not<br />

have the power to force the<br />

integration of network<br />

interconnections without a<br />

modification of the treaties. In this<br />

regard, the European Union may<br />

simply support the programs that<br />

will then be accepted and then<br />

implemented by individual states.<br />

The EU tends to be very focused on<br />

the objectives and strategy rather<br />

than on concrete actions. David<br />

Buchan of the Oxford Institute for<br />

Energy Studies, said it is<br />

embarrassing for Europe that the<br />

United States, although they have<br />

no climate policy are decreasing<br />

their carbon intensity while in<br />

Europe, despite the political<br />

climate, the intensity carbon is<br />

increasing (Buchan, 2014).<br />

The European theoretical thinking is<br />

opposed to political action over the<br />

Atlantic. Not only the action and<br />

initiative have a soft spot for the<br />

European Union, but we must also<br />

think about the coordination<br />

between the 28 states. The action<br />

sometimes manifests itself in the<br />

individual states, but it is not always<br />

in the direction prescribed by EU<br />

policy.<br />

In many cases the European states<br />

refuse to work together and prefer<br />

to pursue the same goal, but with<br />

independent paths. As exemplified<br />

in the previous sections, the EU as a<br />

whole is geographically, politically<br />

and economically fractured and this<br />

penalizes the development of a true<br />

internal energy market. This is the<br />

image of the emergence of a<br />

disunion energy.<br />

16

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