Foundations of Python Network Programming 978-1-4302-3004-5

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■ CONTENTS Asking getaddrinfo() Where to Bind .............................................................................. 56 Asking getaddrinfo() About Services ............................................................................. 56 Asking getaddrinfo() for Pretty Hostnames ................................................................... 57 Other getaddrinfo() Flags .............................................................................................. 58 Primitive Name Service Routines .................................................................................. 59 Using getsockaddr() in Your Own Code ......................................................................... 60 Better Living Through Paranoia .................................................................................... 61 A Sketch of How DNS Works ......................................................................................... 63 Why Not to Use DNS ...................................................................................................... 65 Why to Use DNS ............................................................................................................ 66 Resolving Mail Domains ................................................................................................ 68 Zeroconf and Dynamic DNS .......................................................................................... 70 Summary ....................................................................................................................... 70 ■Chapter 5: etwork Data and Network Errors ....................................................... 71 Text and Encodings ....................................................................................................... 71 Network Byte Order ...................................................................................................... 73 Framing and Quoting .................................................................................................... 75 Pickles and Self-Delimiting Formats ............................................................................. 79 XML, JSON, Etc. ............................................................................................................ 80 Compression ................................................................................................................. 81 Network Exceptions ...................................................................................................... 82 Handling Exceptions ..................................................................................................... 83 Summary ....................................................................................................................... 85 ■Chapter 6: TLS and SSL ....................................................................................... 87 Computer Security ........................................................................................................ 87 IP Access Rules ............................................................................................................. 88 Cleartext on the Network .............................................................................................. 90 vii
■ CONTENTS TLS Encrypts Your Conversations ................................................................................. 92 TLS Verifies Identities ................................................................................................... 93 Supporting TLS in Python .............................................................................................. 94 The Standard SSL Module ............................................................................................. 95 Loose Ends .................................................................................................................... 98 Summary ....................................................................................................................... 98 ■Chapter 7: Server Architecture ........................................................................... 99 Daemons and Logging .................................................................................................. 99 Our Example: Sir Launcelot ......................................................................................... 100 An Elementary Client ................................................................................................... 102 The Waiting Game ....................................................................................................... 103 Running a Benchmark ................................................................................................. 106 Event-Driven Servers .................................................................................................. 109 Poll vs. Select .............................................................................................................. 112 The Semantics of Non-blocking .................................................................................. 113 Event-Driven Servers Are Blocking and Synchronous ................................................ 114 Twisted Python ........................................................................................................... 114 Load Balancing and Proxies ........................................................................................ 117 Threading and Multi-processing ................................................................................. 117 Threading and Multi-processing Frameworks ............................................................ 120 Process and Thread Coordination ............................................................................... 122 Running Inside inetd ................................................................................................... 123 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 124 ■Chapter 8: Caches, Message Queues, and Map-Reduce ................................... 125 Using Memcached ...................................................................................................... 126 Memcached and Sharding .......................................................................................... 128 Message Queues ......................................................................................................... 130 viii
Page 2 and 3: Foundations of Python Network Progr
Page 4 and 5: To the Python community for creatin
Page 6 and 7: Contents ■Contents at a Glance ..
Page 10 and 11: ■ CONTENTS Using Message Queues f
Page 12 and 13: ■ CONTENTS Parsing Dates ........
Page 14 and 15: ■ CONTENTS Telnet ...............
Page 16 and 17: About the Authors ■ Brandon Craig
Page 18 and 19: Acknowledgements This book owes its
Page 20 and 21: ■ INTRODUCTION If you do know som
Page 22 and 23: C H A P T E R 1 ■ ■ ■ Introdu
Page 24 and 25: CHAPTER 1 ■ INTRODUCTION TO CLIEN
Page 36 and 37: C H A P T E R 2 ■ ■ ■ UDP The
Page 38 and 39: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP server with SSH.
Page 40 and 41: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP them anywhere in
Page 42 and 43: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP command-line argu
Page 44 and 45: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP » » » » raise
Page 46 and 47: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP world itself give
Page 48 and 49: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP socket that is no
Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP So binding to an
Page 52 and 53: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP s.connect((hostna
Page 54 and 55: CHAPTER 2 ■ UDP else: » print >>
Page 56 and 57: C H A P T E R 3 ■ ■ ■ TCP The
Page 58 and 59:
CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP situation), and t
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CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP » reply = recv_a
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CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP guess when the in
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CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP the system has no
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CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP » » » print '\
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CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP $ python tcp_dead
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CHAPTER 3 ■ TCP Using TCP Streams
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CHAPTER 4 ■ SOCKET NAMES AND DNS
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CHAPTER 5 ■ NETWORK DATA AND NETW
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C H A P T E R 6 ■ ■ ■ TLS and
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CHAPTER 6 ■ TLS AND SSL systems a
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CHAPTER 6 ■ TLS AND SSL • He wi
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CHAPTER 6 ■ TLS AND SSL discussio
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CHAPTER 6 ■ TLS AND SSL • The s
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CHAPTER 6 ■ TLS AND SSL The Links
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C H A P T E R 7 ■ ■ ■ Server
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE P
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE N
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE L
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE F
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE p
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE N
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE L
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE s
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SERVER ARCHITECTURE c
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C H A P T E R 8 ■ ■ ■ Caches,
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CHAPTER 8 ■ CACHES, MESSAGE QUEUE
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C H A P T E R 9 ■ ■ ■ HTTP Th
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP Here, the URL sp
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP Relative URLs Ve
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP From now on, I a
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP • 303 See Othe
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP You cannot tell
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP Instead of stuff
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP POST And APIs Al
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP Content Type Neg
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP HTTP Caching Man
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP If the connectio
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP >>> import cooki
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CHAPTER 9 ■ HTTP So the technique
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C H A P T E R 10 ■ ■ ■ Screen
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING Figu
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING cont
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING Thir
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING Ther
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING Beau
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING If y
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CHAPTER 10 ■ SCREEN SCRAPING Cond
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C H A P T E R 11 ■ ■ ■ Web Ap
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS Thi
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS But
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS the
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS •
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS hig
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS The
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS the
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CHAPTER 11 ■ WEB APPLICATIONS The
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C H A P T E R 12 ■ ■ ■ E-mail
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CHAPTER 12 ■ E-MAIL COMPOSITION A
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C H A P T E R 13 ■ ■ ■ SMTP A
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP anyway. Outgoin
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP How SMTP Is Use
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP This mechanism
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP s = smtplib.SMT
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP ETRN STARTTLS X
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP » s = smtplib.
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP exchange mail o
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SMTP username = sys.
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C H A P T E R 14 ■ ■ ■ POP PO
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CHAPTER 14 ■ POP ■ Caution! Whi
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CHAPTER 14 ■ POP finally: » p.qu
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CHAPTER 14 ■ POP Subject: Backup
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP THE IMAP PROTOC
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP '(\\HasNoChildr
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP Examining Folde
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP Listing 15-5. D
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP key that IMAP h
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP » » print def
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP » From: Brando
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP • \Flagged: T
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP An IMAP message
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CHAPTER 15 ■ IMAP display or summ
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH cloud
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH Unix
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH Do yo
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH As we
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH tabif
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH repla
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH Listi
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH def p
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH We wi
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH • p
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH You w
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH » »
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH Listi
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CHAPTER 16 ■ TELNET AND SSH Summa
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CHAPTER 17 ■ FTP The biggest prob
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CHAPTER 17 ■ FTP f.login() print
Page 314 and 315:
CHAPTER 17 ■ FTP if os.path.exist
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CHAPTER 17 ■ FTP f = FTP(host) f.
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CHAPTER 17 ■ FTP Windows servers
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CHAPTER 17 ■ FTP » try: » » f.
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C H A P T E R 18 ■ ■ ■ RPC Re
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC sort of proxy ex
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC The SimpleXMLRPC
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC Traceback (most
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC 8.0 If this
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC Note that the po
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC up being, simply
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC such as Python i
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CHAPTER 18 ■ RPC • Google Proto
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■ INDEX mod_python, 194 Qpid, 131
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■ INDEX Common Gateway Interface.
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■ INDEX international characters
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■ INDEX front-end web servers, 17
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■ INDEX deleting folders, 260 del
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■ INDEX mechanize, 138, 163 Memca
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■ INDEX pausing terminal output,
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■ INDEX resources. See also RFCs
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■ INDEX shutdown(), 48 shutting d
Page 358 and 359:
■ INDEX terminals, 270-74 bufferi
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■ INDEX ■ V validating cached r
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