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Zaneb recalls that her family was more fortunate than<br />
most during this time of rationing. They had money to<br />
buy the rations. Bahar says during conflict times, “We<br />
used less of everything.” She could only get rice in<br />
their diets twice a week, and she substituted potatoes<br />
in for meat in her recipes. The recipes had to be prepared<br />
over wood fires, rather than gas, as there was none.<br />
Mohammed also speaks of the challenge of cooking<br />
over wood—and the smoke. He made bread using<br />
palm flour.<br />
He goes on to explain that Kurds prioritize food over<br />
other com forts because they remember having very<br />
little to eat. He says Kurds eat fast, because they are<br />
accustomed to having none.<br />
Kurds are a social society. They are in and out of each<br />
others homes. Most kitchens have a futon for visiting.<br />
A woman’s pride is representing her family as a hostess,<br />
which means offering steaming platters of food.<br />
Perhaps most telling of the cultural effect conflict and<br />
sanctions have had on the Kurds are these words from<br />
Mohammed.<br />
When guests came to visit,<br />
we had no food to offer, and<br />
it was very shameful