The Metaphysical Foundation of Buddhism and Modern Science
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Chapter 12: Suffering <strong>and</strong> the causes <strong>of</strong> suffering. Picture: Kevin Carter.<br />
hunger1_kevin.carter. Commentary: Suffering is not independent from a cause<br />
<strong>of</strong> suffering <strong>and</strong> not identical with its cause. <strong>The</strong>re can be no cause without an<br />
effect, or an effect without a cause. <strong>The</strong> notion ‘cause’ has no meaning without<br />
the notion ‘effect’. Cause <strong>and</strong> effect are not one, but they cannot be separated<br />
into two independent notions either. Like suffering reality does not consist <strong>of</strong><br />
single, isolated material or immaterial components; suffering arises only by<br />
dependence on other causes. Like everything in this world suffering <strong>and</strong> its<br />
cause are not one <strong>and</strong> they are not two different objects.
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