ENFORCEMENT
2h1EjNw
2h1EjNw
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Joint Strategic Plan on Intellectual Property Enforcement<br />
SECTION 2<br />
issues/2015/06/22/an-update-on-microsofts-efforts-to-reduceonline-piracy-and-improve-search-results/.<br />
47<br />
See Ernesto, “Google’s Anti-Piracy Filter Is Quite Effective,”<br />
Torrent Freak (July 12, 2011), accessed from https://torrentfreak.<br />
com/googles-anti-piracy-filter-110712/; Ernesto, “Google’s Piracy<br />
Filter Cuts ‘Pirate Bay’ Searches in Half, But . . .,” Torrent Freak<br />
(April 20, 2012), accessed from https://torrentfreak.com/googlespiracy-filter-cuts-pirate-bay-searches-in-half-but-120420/.<br />
48<br />
The “safe harbor” provisions of the Digital Millennium<br />
Copyright Act (DMCA), originally enacted in 1998 in Pub. L. No.<br />
105-304 (and since amended), are codified at 17 U.S.C. § 512.<br />
49<br />
United States Department of Commerce, Internet Policy<br />
Task Force, “Copyright Policy, Creativity, and Innovation in<br />
the Digital Economy,” (July 2013) at p.56, accessed from<br />
http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/<br />
copyrightgreenpaper.pdf.<br />
50<br />
United States Department of Commerce, Internet Policy<br />
Task Force, “Copyright Policy, Creativity, and Innovation in<br />
the Digital Economy,” (July 2013) at p.56, accessed from<br />
http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/<br />
copyrightgreenpaper.pdf, citing Stewart, Christopher S., Wall<br />
Street Journal (March 4, 2013) (reporting that owner of small<br />
independent film distributor “found more than 903,000 links<br />
to unauthorized versions of her films” with estimated losses<br />
of “over $3 million in revenue” and a cost to send takedown<br />
notices of “over $30,000 a year.”).<br />
51<br />
See Welch, Chris, “Google received over 75 million<br />
copyright takedown requests in February: The company is<br />
processing over 100,000 links each and every hour,” (The<br />
Verge: March 7, 2016), accessed from http://www.theverge.<br />
com/2016/3/7/11172516/google-takedown-requests-75-million.<br />
See also “Requests to remove content due to copyright,”<br />
Google Transparency Report, accessed from https://www.<br />
google.com/transparencyreport/removals/copyright/.<br />
52<br />
Accessed via Google, Transparency Report, accessed<br />
from https://www.google.com/transparencyreport/removals/<br />
copyright/.<br />
53<br />
See, e.g., Urban, Jennifer M. et al., “Notice and Takedown in<br />
Everyday Practice” UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No.<br />
2755628 (March 29, 2016) at pp.116-117, accessed from http://<br />
ssrn.com/abstract=2755628.<br />
54<br />
United States Department of Commerce, DMCA<br />
Multistakeholder Forum, “DMCA Notice-and-Takedown<br />
Processes: List of Good, Bad, and Situational Practices" (April<br />
7, 2015), accessed from https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/<br />
files/documents/DMCA_Good_Bad_and_Situational_Practices_<br />
Document-FINAL.pdf.<br />
55<br />
See United States Copyright Office, “Section 512 Study:<br />
Notice and Request for Public Comment,” 80 FR 81862<br />
(December 31, 2015), accessed from https://www.gpo.gov/<br />
fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-12-31/pdf/2015-32973.pdf.<br />
56<br />
Forster, Stephen, “Crackdown on counterfeiting & piracy<br />
online,” U.K. National Trading Standards, eCrime Team (June<br />
24, 2015) (“according to the latest IP Crime Report 2013/14,<br />
social media has overtaken auction sites as criminals’ ‘channelof-choice’<br />
for counterfeit and piracy activity”), accessed from<br />
http://www.tradingstandardsecrime.org.uk/crack-down-oncounterfeiting-and-piracy-on-social-media/.<br />
57<br />
See U.K. Intellectual Property Office, “IP Crime Report<br />
2015/16,” (September 28, 2016), at pp.7, 15, 29, accessed<br />
from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/<br />
attachment_data/file/557539/ip-crime-report-2015-16.pdf;<br />
National Trading Standards, “Social Media Counterfeting<br />
Operation,” (July 5, 2016), accessed from http://www.<br />
tradingstandardsecrime.org.uk/social-media-counterfeitingoperation-expands-across-borders/;<br />
Chu, Kathy, “For<br />
Counterfeit Fighters on Social Media, Fake Profiles are a Real<br />
Ally,” (The Wall Street Journal: April 25, 2016), accessed from<br />
http://www.wsj.com/articles/for-counterfeit-fighters-on-socialmedia-fake-profiles-are-a-real-ally-1461578495.<br />
58<br />
Regarding the general increase in the use of “buy buttons”<br />
for legitimate commerce, see, e.g., Boorstin, Julia, “Twitter<br />
launches ‘buy now’ buttons for retailers,” CNBC (September<br />
30, 2015), accessed from http://www.cnbc.com/2015/09/30/<br />
twitter-launches-buy-now-buttons-for-retailers.html; Honig,<br />
Zach, “Facebook's Buy button lets you purchase products<br />
directly from Page posts and ads,” EnGadget.com (July 18,<br />
2014), accessed from http://www.engadget.com/2014/07/18/<br />
facebook-testing-buy-button/; Griffith, Erin, “Pinterest expands<br />
‘buy button’ program to boost shopping on platform,”<br />
Fortune (October 5, 2015), accessed from http://fortune.<br />
com/2015/10/05/pinterest-buy-button-expansion/.<br />
59<br />
D’Onfro, Jillian, BusinessInsider.com, “Here’s a look at just<br />
how big a problem ‘freebooting’ is for Facebook” (August<br />
3, 2015), accessed from http://www.businessinsider.com/<br />
freebooting-video-on-facebook-2015-8; O’Rieilly, Lara, “A<br />
YouTube video that claims Facebook is ‘stealing billions of<br />
views’ is going viral,” BusinessInsider.com (November 12, 2015),<br />
accessed from http://www.businessinsider.com/how-facebookis-stealing-billions-of-views-youtube-video-goes-viral-2015-11;<br />
Luckerson, Victor, “This is Facebook’s Biggest Problem With<br />
Video Right Now,” Time (August 25, 2015), accessed from<br />
http://time.com/4009015/facebook-youtube-freebooting/.<br />
60<br />
See, e.g., Griffith, Erin, “Facebook’s video monetization<br />
plan is here,” Fortune (July 1, 2015) (describing social media<br />
platforms’ collection of ad revenue from uploaded content<br />
alongside discussion of identical content viewed 23 million<br />
times from an unauthorized source and only 2 million times<br />
from the content creator), accessed from http://fortune.<br />
com/2015/07/01/facebook-video-monetization/.<br />
61<br />
International Data Corporation (IDC), “Mobile Internet<br />
Users to Top 2 Billion Worldwide in 2016, According to IDC”<br />
(Dec. 17, 2015), accessed from http://www.idc.com/getdoc.<br />
jsp?containerId=prUS40855515.<br />
62<br />
Khalaf, Simon, “Media, Productivity & Emojis Give Mobile<br />
Another Stunning Growth Year,” Flurry Analytics Blog (Jan.<br />
5, 2016), accessed from http://flurrymobile.tumblr.com/<br />
post/136677391508/stateofmobile2015?soc_src=mail&soc_<br />
trk=ma.<br />
63<br />
This Figure found in “Global mobile applications user base<br />
from 2010 to 2015 (in millions),” Statista, accessed from http://<br />
www.statista.com/statistics/219959/global-mobile-applicationsuser-base-forecast/.<br />
64<br />
Figure sourced from Statista, https://www.statista.com/<br />
statistics/219959/global-mobile-applications-user-baseforecast/.<br />
65<br />
Mathew, Jerin, “Apple App Store Growing by Over 1,000<br />
Apps Per Day,” International Business Times (June 6, 2015)<br />
86