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Trademarks The following terms are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both: Redbooks (logo) ® developerWorks® eServer iSeries® z/OS® zSeries® CICS® Domino® DB2® IBM® IMS Lotus® MQSeries® MVS Rational® Redbooks® The following terms are trademarks of other companies: RACF® RMF System z Tivoli® VTAM® WebSphere® Enterprise JavaBeans, EJB, Java, Java Naming and Directory Interface, JavaBeans, JavaServer, JavaServer Pages, JDBC, JDK, JMX, JSP, JVM, J2EE, and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both. Active Directory, Expression, Internet Explorer, Microsoft, Windows Server, Windows, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others. xii Security in WebSphere Application Server Version 6.1 and J2EE 1.4 on z/OS
Preface This IBM® Redbooks® publication was written with the objective to provide a technical description of some of the most important security scenarios available with WebSphere® Application Server Version 6.1 for z/OS®. We chose scenarios that are not really documented elsewhere and that have had significant changes in Version 6.1. In the first two chapters we provide an overview of security with WAS on z/OS for those readers who are unfamiliar with the security landscape on z/OS. From Chapter 3, “Web container security” on page 63, onwards we go into more technical depth. The team that wrote this book This book was produced by a team of specialists from around the world working at the International Technical Support Organization, Poughkeepsie Center. Alex Louwe Kooijmans is a Project Leader with the International Technical Support Organization (ITSO) in Poughkeepsie, NY, and specializes in WebSphere, Java, and SOA on System z with a focus on integration, security, high availability, and application development. Previously, he worked as a Client IT Architect in the Financial Services sector with IBM in The Netherlands, advising financial services companies on IT issues such as software and hardware strategy and on demand. Alex has also worked at the Technical Marketing Competence Center for zSeries® and Linux® in Boeblingen, Germany, providing support to customers starting up with Java and WebSphere on zSeries. From 1997 to 2002, Alex completed a previous assignment with the ITSO, managing various IBM Redbooks projects and delivering workshops around the world. Foulques de Valence is a System z security IT Architect with IBM STG and is currently based in Poughkeepsie, NY, where he works for the Lab Services team. Previously, he was a Web infrastructure IT Architect in France focusing on SOA and z/OS. Foulques instructed about end-to-end security solutions for WebSphere on z/OS worldwide. He is a co-author of several IBM Redbooks publication dealing with security and WebSphere Application Server for z/OS. He received a Master’s Degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Ensimag in France. He furthered his education at the State University of New York at Buffalo and at Stanford University. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2007. All rights reserved. xiii
Page 1: Security in WebSphere Application S
Page 4 and 5: Note: Before using this information
Page 6 and 7: 2.5.7 Scenario 7 - WMQ client authe
Page 8 and 9: Chapter 7. Secure Sockets Layer (SS
Page 10 and 11: 9.4.2 Vertical attribute propagatio
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Page 16 and 17: Yukari Hanya is an IT Specialist wi
Page 18 and 19: Ut V. Le WebSphere Security Develop
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Page 22 and 23: 1.1 Securing WAS for z/OS simplifie
Page 24 and 25: ► Non-repudiation means that in t
Page 26 and 27: WebSphere Security WebSphere Applic
Page 28 and 29: RACF CLASS This section describes t
Page 30 and 31: Attention: Java 2 security is very
Page 32 and 33: etrieve a principal object for the
Page 34 and 35: Similarly, the back end connections
Page 36 and 37: In this section, we describe the me
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Page 44 and 45: 1.3.7 User registry application or
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Page 48 and 49: 2.1 Chapter objectives This chapter
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Page 54 and 55: that, all security issues are discu
Page 56 and 57: Logical flow The flow deals mostly
Page 58 and 59: Description The scenario illustrate
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Description Figure 2-9 shows what t
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6. The J2EE server passes the clien
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As you can see, Web clients are fir
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mapping user ID to the user ID and
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Logical flow The high-level sequenc
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Description The configuration descr
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5. WAS calls RACF to see whether th
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References Refer to: ► IBM WebSph
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► The user’s credentials are se
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References To learn more about LDAP
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3.1 Web authentication improvements
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Web client to provide authenticatio
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Property name Value Description com
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70 Security in WebSphere Applicatio
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4.1 Administrative security enablem
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Figure 4-1 illustrates the applicat
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5.1 SOA, Web services, z/OS, and se
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5.3 Web services message and transp
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5.3.1 When to use message layer sec
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5.4.2 WS-Security standard SOAP mes
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Language (REL) Token Profile, Web S
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eceiver must match. For example, if
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A digital signature is a word attac
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Identity assertion Identity asserti
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Web services for J2EE specification
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► It is mature and similarly impl
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The steps in bold in Figure 5-6 on
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When invoking a Web service using S
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Web service requestor The design of
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If the external authorization provi
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Example 5-2 provides the sample com
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106 Security in WebSphere Applicati
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6.1 How to configure Web services m
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defined in IBM extension deployment
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► Server binding configuration fi
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equirements. This means that the re
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This section describes how WS-Secur
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EJB makes a Web service call. The W
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and four types of X509 certificates
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for the specified security token ty
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Configure the Required Security Tok
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c. If the client’s security token
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ii. Select a token consumer class o
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The Web service client log confirms
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provided by generating a signature
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X509TokenGenerator, is provided by
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Figure 6-12 Request generator Integ
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Figure 6-13 Request generator Token
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3. Configure the key locator. Expan
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c. Select Use key locator and selec
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6. Configure the part reference (Fi
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6.3.5 Configuring the z/OS provider
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Figure 6-20 Request consumer Token
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4. Configure the key information (F
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d. For the signing key information,
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For WebSphere Application Server fo
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5. Configure signing information (F
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The application displays the princi
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xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.
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tainSecurityInfoReturn> All this va
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This scenario illustrates the usage
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To do this: 1. Using the Web servic
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2. Enter a path and file name to st
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► If a server sends a response th
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2. Configure the key locator (Figur
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Configure the Key Information dialo
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Tip: The WebSphere default trust st
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c. Select Use key locator, and then
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2. Configure the key locator (Figur
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Open the SecurityCallerEJB ejb-jar.
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4. Configure key information (Figur
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The Web service provider log confir
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A4rAxe3jWkLuFZwqgPCbRWXYZeCJBB5vp0L
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When asserting an identity, the alr
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Server side To receive the asserted
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2. Configure the token generator (F
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1. Configure the required security
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Click OK and a caller part is creat
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► Digital signature The asserted
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The application displays the princi
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Content-Language: en-US Content-Len
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7.1 Introduction This section intro
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Figure 7-2 shows an example of how
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Table 7-2 shows the WebSphere V6.1
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The following path can be used to l
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The following RACF commands are pro
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7.4.3 Importing certificates The im
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► Delete a CA signer certificate:
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Example 7-1 shows a list of provide
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Upon restarting the application ser
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Note: To use hardware cryptography,
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5. Connect the personal certificate
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Figure 7-10 shows the output of the
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7.8.1 Keyring and certificate setup
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CN=HDwtsc58.itso.ibm.com.OU=IBM< Su
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Figure 7-12 shows the options chose
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7.9.1 Diagnostic steps When attempt
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7.9.3 Common errors The WebSphere t
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8.1 Authentication with HTTP Basic
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NONE BASIC SecurityInfo Realm
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To configure the user ID and passwo
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Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf
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Extracting the server signer certif
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Network ports can be shared among a
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Be sure to select the WebContainer-
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It is necessary to expand the tree
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Click Get certificate Aliases and t
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Configuring the Web service request
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Looking at the output in the TCP/IP
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Re-deploy the application to WAS fo
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Figure 8-16 illustrates changing th
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8.4 Confidentiality with SSL using
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The private key type should be ICSF
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Example 8-8 illustrates the additio
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Verify that you can see the HDCA si
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Under Specific SSL configuration fo
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Note: It is also possible to invoke
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Creating certificate authority and
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Important: WebSphere for z/OS uses
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8.6.4 Configuring the Web service r
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Deploy the SecurityInfo ear file in
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9.1 Introduction, logins, and token
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WebSphere Application Server for z/
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This allows servers in the invocati
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and with propagation disabled to de
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not understand. The interoperabilit
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In order to have all cells share th
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The following Common Secure Interop
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CSIv2 allows a client identity to b
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9.3.4 CSIv2 standard identity asser
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For identity assertion, depending o
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Figure 9-9 CSIv2 outbound authentic
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Consider the following options: ►
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Consider how to create the trust re
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Login configuration specifies the t
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transport and at the message-layer
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In the z/OS additional settings for
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After authenticating, the EJBMagic
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Figure 9-21 shows that the remote E
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9.4.3 Vertical attribute propagatio
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3. Check the option for Security at
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9.4.5 Cross-cell considerations Sec
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10.1 Introduction to user registrie
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Standalone custom registry A standa
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This LDAP tree common root organiza
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2. Restart the z/OS LDAP server fro
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WebSphere z/OS configuration for z/
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3. In the same window, under Additi
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WebSphere, LDAP SDBM, and SAF autho
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SampleSAFMappingModule is in search
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2. Restart the z/OS LDAP server fro
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Use a command similar to the follow
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cn=UserTdbm,ou=itsotdbm,o=itso in o
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WebSphere and z/OS LDAP TDBM back-e
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Why should you enable native authen
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Using the z/OS LDAP TDBM connection
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Currently, most WebSphere applicati
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Also, federated repositories provid
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end of this federation configuratio
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it is necessary to define a differe
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c. Then click Apply and save to the
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WebSphere z/OS configuration for LD
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The LDAP administrator is cn=LDAP A
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Using this configuration we access
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c. Specify the distinguished name o
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(cn=UserTdbm,ou=itsotdbm,o=itso) or
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Defining EJBROLES belongs to the ap
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class profiles are restricted to 24
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Connection manager RunAs identity C
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Connectors Thread identity support
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11.1 Introducing the SPNEGO TAI Sin
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Although the Kerberos protocol cons
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Administrative Console in Secure ad
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owsers such as Microsoft Internet E
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With such a configuration, a cross-
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Figure 11-4 shows the detailed step
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11.3.2 Configuring the Microsoft Wi
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3. Create a user account for WebSph
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4. Right-click this new user accoun
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List SPNs defined for the user acco
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11.3.3 Configuring WebSphere Applic
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The /etc/skrb/krb5.conf is now crea
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Tip: The complete list of available
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Verifying security in WebSphere The
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4. In the Local intranet window, fi
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5. Double-click network.negotiate-a
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11.4 Validating single sign-on usin
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The same behavior happens with anot
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We use Ethereal software to sniff t
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12.1 Out-of-the-box administrative
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Add a new HFS owner user ID: ADDUSE
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It is common practice to define the
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► Access to WebSphere Application
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12.1.3 Security customization jobs
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12.1.4 Comparison of security setti
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enabled and no console users or gro
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PASSWORD PROCESSING OPTIONS: PASSWO
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Create the Sync-to-OS thread profil
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13.1 Security configuration and adm
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disabled security may be required,
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. Select user repository (see Figur
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EJBROLE class profiles are case sen
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d. Click Finish. 4. Select an autho
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3. Go to the profile_root/bin direc
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13.2 Role-based administrative secu
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management of users and groups in f
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These are the values used in the fo
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5. Save the changes: AdminConfig.sa
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You can access and manipulate the n
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PERMIT CosNamingCreate CLASS(EJBROL
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Using the Web material The addition
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Other publications Online resources
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Help from IBM IBM Support and downl
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callbackhandler 114 caller part 114
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J2EE 9 Security 5 J2EE client 13 J2
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Protocol (RMI-IIOP) 91 Repositories
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JMX calls 305 LTPA key, sharing 303
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configuring provider 178 configurin
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Security in WebSphere Application S
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