Oracle C++ Call Interface Programmer's Guide

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Overview of Oracle Datatypes Overview of Oracle Datatypes Accurate communication between your C++ program and the Oracle database server is critical. OCCI applications can retrieve data from database tables by using SQL queries or they can modify existing data through the use of SQL INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE functions. To facilitate communication between the host language C++ and the database server, you must be aware of how C++ datatypes are converted to Oracle datatypes and back again. In the Oracle database, values are stored in columns in tables. Internally, Oracle represents data in particular formats called internal datatypes. NUMBER, VARCHAR2, and DATE are examples of Oracle internal datatypes. OCCI applications work with host language datatypes, or external datatypes, predefined by the host language. When data is transferred between an OCCI application and the database server, the data from the database is converted from internal datatypes to external datatypes. OCCI Type and Data Conversion OCCI defines an enumerator called Type that lists the possible data representation formats available in an OCCI application. These representation formats are called external datatypes. When data is sent to the database server from the OCCI application, the external datatype indicates to the database server what format to expect the data. When data is requested from the database server by the OCCI application, the external datatype indicates the format of the data to be returned. For example, on retrieving a value from a NUMBER column, the program may be set to retrieve it in OCCIINT format (a signed integer format into an integer variable). Or, the client might be set to send data in OCCIFLOAT format (floating-point format) stored in a C++ float variable to be inserted in a column of NUMBER type. An OCCI application binds input parameters to a Statement, by calling a setxxx method (the external datatype is implicitly specified by the method name), or by calling the registerOutParam, setDataBuffer, or setDataBufferArray method (the external datatype is explicitly specified in the method call). Similarly, when data values are fetched through a ResultSet object, the external representation of the retrieved data must be specified. This is done by calling a getxxx method (the external datatype is implicitly specified by the method name) or by calling the setDataBuffer method (the external datatype is explicitly specified in the method call). 4-2 Oracle C++ Call Interface Programmer’s Guide
Internal Datatypes Note: There are more external datatypes than internal datatypes. In some cases, a single external datatype maps to a single internal datatype; in other cases, many external datatypes map to a single internal datatype. The many-to-one mapping provides you with added flexibility. See Also: ■ External Datatypes on page 4-5 Internal Datatypes The internal (built-in) datatypes provided by Oracle are listed in this section. Table 4–1 lists the Oracle internal datatypes and maximum internal length of each: Table 4–1 Oracle Internal Datatypes Internal Datatype Code Maximum Internal Length BFILE 114 4 gigabytes CHAR, NCHAR 96 2000 bytes DATE 12 7 bytes INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND REF 183 11 bytes INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH REF 182 5 bytes LONG 8 2 gigabytes (2^31-1 bytes) LONG RAW 24 2 gigabytes (2^31-1 bytes) NUMBER 2 21 bytes RAW 23 2000 bytes REF 111 REF BLOB 113 4 gigabytes REF CLOB, REF NCLOB 112 4 gigabytes ROWID 11 10 bytes TIMESTAMP 180 11 bytes TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE 231 7 bytes Datatypes 4-3
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Oracle® C++ Call Interface Program
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List List of Figures Tables Content
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Null and Truncated Data............
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6 Metadata Overview of Metadata ...
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length() ..........................
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flushCache().......................
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getSecond() .......................
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cos()..............................
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operator new().....................
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isTruncated() .....................
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setCharacterStreamMode() ..........
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Index occiinh.typ .................
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List of Tables 2-1 Normal Data - No
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Oracle C++ Call Interface Programme
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Preface The Oracle C++ Call Interfa
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Related Documentation Chapter 4, "D
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Conventions in Text We use various
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Convention Meaning Example UPPERCAS
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What’s New in Orace C++ Call Inte
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■ Number Class ■ operator signe
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1 Introduction to OCCI This chapter
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Building an OCCI Application Overvi
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Processing of SQL Statements In an
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Overview of PL/SQL SELECT dname FRO
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Object Support Client-Side Object C
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Metadata Class Object Support ■ B
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2 Relational Programming This chapt
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. . . stmt->closeResultSet(rs); con
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const string poolUserName = "SCOTT"
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■ executeArrayUpdate: To execute
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Standard Statements Types of SQL St
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Types of SQL Statements in the OCCI
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Executing SQL Queries Executing SQL
Page 69 and 70: Specifying the Query } Executing SQ
Page 71 and 72: Status Definitions Executing Statem
Page 73 and 74: Executing Statements Dynamically No
Page 75 and 76: Null and Truncated Data Error Handl
Page 77 and 78: Advanced Relational Techniques In T
Page 79 and 80: Note: Advanced Relational Technique
Page 81 and 82: Optimizing Performance Advanced Rel
Page 83 and 84: Advanced Relational Techniques indi
Page 85 and 86: 3 Object Programming This chapter p
Page 87 and 88: Persistent Objects Working with Obj
Page 89 and 90: Values In the context of this manua
Page 91 and 92: See Also: Developing an OCCI Object
Page 93 and 94: Figure 3-1 Basic Object Operational
Page 95 and 96: Developing an OCCI Object Applicati
Page 97 and 98: Overview of Associative Access Maxi
Page 99 and 100: Retrieving an Object Reference (REF
Page 101 and 102: } Overview of Navigational Access T
Page 103 and 104: Overview of Complex Object Retrieva
Page 105 and 106: ■ The reference to the root purch
Page 107 and 108: } void *operator new(size_t size, c
Page 109 and 110: Freeing Objects Type Inheritance Ty
Page 111 and 112: Type Inheritance Instance substitut
Page 113 and 114: A Sample OCCI Application void *ope
Page 115 and 116: } cout
Page 117 and 118: } A Sample OCCI Application /* comm
Page 119: 4 Datatypes This chapter is a refer
Page 123 and 124: External Datatypes ■ OCCI_SQLT_CH
Page 125 and 126: Table 4-2 External Datatypes, C++ D
Page 127 and 128: External Datatypes CHARZ The extern
Page 129 and 130: External Datatypes FLOAT The extern
Page 131 and 132: External Datatypes LONG The externa
Page 133 and 134: OCCI BYTES OCCI CLOB OCCI DATE See
Page 135 and 136: External Datatypes When RAW data in
Page 137 and 138: External Datatypes is not an intege
Page 139 and 140: Table 4-5 Data Conversions Internal
Page 141 and 142: LONG RAW I/O LONG VARRAW I/O OCCI B
Page 143 and 144: The following topics are covered in
Page 145 and 146: External LOBs (BFILEs) Overview of
Page 147 and 148: Table 5-1 OCCI LOB Classes and Meth
Page 149 and 150: Creating LOBs Table 5-1 OCCI LOB Cl
Page 151 and 152: LOB Classes and Methods Note: For i
Page 153 and 154: { Blob blob=rset->getBlob(1); if(bl
Page 155 and 156: } blob.writeChunk(, buffer, BUFSIZE
Page 157 and 158: Updating LOBs LOB Classes and Metho
Page 159 and 160: Objects with LOB Attributes 5. Repi
Page 161 and 162: 6 Metadata This chapter describes h
Page 163 and 164: Describing Database Metadata You ob
Page 165 and 166: Metatdata Code Examples Table 6-1 A
Page 167 and 168: Describing Database Metadata /* Cal
Page 169 and 170: Attribute Reference . . /* Create a
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Table 6-2 Attributes Belonging to A
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Package Attributes Type Attributes
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Type Attribute Attributes Table 6-8
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Collection Attributes Table 6-10 At
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Synonym Attributes Sequence Attribu
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Table 6-14 Attributes Belonging to
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List Attributes Table 6-15 Attribut
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Table 6-18 Attributes Specific to D
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7 How to Use the Object Type Transl
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How to Use the OTT Utility the Type
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How to Use the OTT Utility Example
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}; virtual void writeSQL(oracle::oc
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} streamOCCI_.setString(name); stre
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Invoking the OTT Utility For global
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Invoking the OTT Utility userid Par
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Overview of the INTYPE File The lin
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OTT Utility Datatype Mappings The O
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OTT Utility Datatype Mappings Note:
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the_clob CLOB, the_object object_ty
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OTT Utility Datatype Mappings When
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class other_type : public oracle::o
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Overview of the OUTTYPE File its ve
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Figure 7-1 The OTT Utility with OCC
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The OTT Utility and OCCI Applicatio
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}; static void *readSQL(void *ctxOC
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public: }; void *operator new(size_
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{ FullName *objOCCI_ = (FullName *)
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excep.setErrorCtx(ctxOCCI_); } retu
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} setVector(streamOCCI_, PREV_ADDR_
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TYPE SCOTT.FULL_NAME AS FullName VE
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}; The OTT Utility and OCCI Applica
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***********************************
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#endif Map Registry Function The OT
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public: }; void *operator new(size_
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}; static void *readSQL(void *ctxOC
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eturn; } void CFullName::writeSQL(o
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eturn oracle::occi::PObject::operat
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Properties of OTT Markers Following
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Where the Markers Can Be Used Carry
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Carrying Forward User Added Code be
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DROP TABLE PERSON_TAB; DROP TABLE A
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Carrying Forward User Added Code AD
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}; PERSON_O(); Carrying Forward Use
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addr = new_addr; this->markModified
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} return; } void ADDRESS_O::writeSQ
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} streamOCCI_.setString(last_name);
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mdemo1m.cpp // --------------------
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conn->terminateStatement(stmt); //
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Example OCCI Application Example OC
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■ Example of C++ Source File for
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OCCI_STD_NAMESPACE::string STATE; O
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}; void *operator new(size_t size);
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OCCI_STD_NAMESPACE::string CFullNam
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} streamOCCI_.setString(FirstName);
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{ if (objOCCI_->isNull()) streamOCC
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OCCI_STD_NAMESPACE::string CPerson:
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{ return oracle::occi::PObject::ope
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#ifndef CPERSON_ORACLE # include "c
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Example OCCI Application /*********
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* initialize MyFullName */ MyFullNa
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* Display all the information of My
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Example OCCI Application conn, and
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} RefAny jillrefany = resultSet2->g
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Connection *conn = env->createConne
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OTT Command Line Syntax OTT Utility
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■ CPPFILE Parameter ■ ERRTYPE P
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OTT Utility Reference CONFIG Parame
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INITFUNC=filename OTT Utility Refer
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See Also: "SCHEMA_NAMES Usage" on p
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Structure of the INTYPE File OTT Ut
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■ It appears in the INTYPE file.
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struct px1_ind col1 }; typedef stru
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OTT Utility Reference The Pro*C/C++
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OTT Utility Reference Once the OTT
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This part contains one chapter: ■
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Summary of OCCI Classes Summary of
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OCCI Classes and Methods using Decl
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Bfile Class close() closeStream() T
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Bfile Class isInitialized() isNull(
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Bfile Class operator!=() read() Syn
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Blob Class Blob Class The Blob clas
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Blob Class close() closeStream() co
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Blob Class getStream() isInitialize
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Blob Class operator==() operator!=
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Blob Class setNull() trim() write()
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Blob Class buffer The buffer contai
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Bytes Class getBytes() isNull() Par
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Clob Class Clob Class The Clob clas
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Clob Class append() close() closeSt
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Clob Class getCharSetId() getChunkS
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Clob Class open() operator=() opera
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Clob Class setCharSetId() setCharSe
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Clob Class write() Valid values are
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Connection Class Connection Class T
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Connection Class flushCache() This
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Connection Class Syntax LNOCIServer
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ConnectionPool Class createConnecti
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ConnectionPool Class getMinConnecti
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ConnectionPool Class Syntax void te
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Date Class Summary of Date Methods
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Date Class addDays() addMonths() da
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Date Class getDate() getSystemDate(
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Date Class operator==() operator!=(
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Date Class operator
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Date Class toZone() const string &n
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Environment Class Environment Class
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Environment Class Syntax Connection
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Environment Class getCacheMaxSize()
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Environment Class terminateConnecti
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IntervalDS Class Constructs an Inte
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IntervalDS Class fromText() getDay(
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IntervalDS Class operator*=() opera
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IntervalDS Class operator/=() opera
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IntervalDS Class operator-=() opera
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IntervalDS Class toText() This meth
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IntervalYM Class The following code
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IntervalYM Class getMonth() getYear
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IntervalYM Class operator!=() opera
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IntervalYM Class operator
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IntervalYM Class set() setNull() to
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Map Class Map Class The Map class i
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MetaData Class MetaData Class A Met
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MetaData Class Summary of MetaData
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MetaData Class getMetaData() getNum
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MetaData Class getVector() operator
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Number Class Translates a native lo
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Number Class nu4 = nu1 + nu2; /* Co
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Number Class Table 8-14 Number Meth
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Number Class arcTan2() ceil() cos()
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Number Class hypCos() hypSin() hypT
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Number Class operator++() operator-
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Number Class operator-() operator-(
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Number Class operator>=() operator=
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Number Class operator%=() operator+
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Number Class operator long() operat
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Number Class round() setNull() shif
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Number Class toText() trunc() Synta
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PObject Class PObject Class OCCI pr
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PObject Class isLocked() isNull() l
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PObject Class operator new() pin()
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Ref Class Ref Class The mapping in
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Ref Class isClear() isNull() markDe
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Ref Class operator=() ptr() Paramet
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Ref Class setNull() unmarkDelete()
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RefAny Class getConnection() getRef
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ResultSet Class ResultSet Class Res
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ResultSet Class Table 8-18 ResultSe
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ResultSet Class getBfile() getBlob(
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ResultSet Class getCurrentStreamCol
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ResultSet Class getFloat() getInt()
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ResultSet Class getNumber() getObje
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ResultSet Class getString() getTime
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ResultSet Class vector &vect); void
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ResultSet Class isNull() isTruncate
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ResultSet Class Parameters setBinar
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ResultSet Class in the *length para
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ResultSet Class setMaxColumnSize()
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SQLException Class getMessage() set
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Statement Class Table 8-20 Statemen
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Statement Class Table 8-20 Statemen
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Statement Class closeStream() execu
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Statement Class arrayLength paramet
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Statement Class getBfile() getBlob(
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Statement Class getCurrentStreamIte
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Statement Class getFloat() getInt()
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Statement Class getObject() getOCIS
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Statement Class getString() getTime
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Statement Class vector &vect; void
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Statement Class isNull() isTruncate
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Statement Class setAutoCommit() set
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Statement Class setBytes() x The pa
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Statement Class Syntax void setDate
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Statement Class setDataBufferArray(
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Statement Class setDouble() setErro
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Statement Class setIntervalDS() set
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Statement Class setNumber() setObje
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Statement Class setRef() setRowid()
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Statement Class setUInt() setVector
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Statement Class void setVector(Stat
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Statement Class status() sqltype sq
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Stream Class readLastBuffer() write
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Timestamp Class Timestamp Class Thi
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Timestamp Class } if(reft() on page
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Timestamp Class getDate() getTime()
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Timestamp Class intervalSub() isNul
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Timestamp Class operator>=() operat
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Timestamp Class setNull() setTime()
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Timestamp Class toText() Return str
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A OCCI Demonstration Programs Oracl
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OCCI Demonstration Programs # 2. A
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OCCI Demonstration Programs # 2. A
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OCCI Demonstration Programs occidem
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occiblob.cpp build_static: $(OBJS)
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} /** * printing the blob data as i
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occiclob.cpp { Blob blob = rset->ge
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* populating the clob; */ void popu
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int clobLength=clob.length (); cout
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~occicoll () { env->terminateConnec
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Deleting a row in a nested table vo
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occidesc.cpp cout
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OCCI Demonstration Programs cout
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OCCI Demonstration Programs else co
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cout
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case OCCI_SQLT_LBI : return "LONG R
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void insertBind (int c1, string c2)
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{ OCCI Demonstration Programs strin
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using namespace oracle::occi; using
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fs_obj->setpartner(fs_partner); fs_
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fs_ref->getleader(); /* Leader's Pa
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occiobj.cpp OCCI Demonstration Prog
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}catch(SQLException ex) { cout
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occipobj.typ occipobj.cpp demo->upd
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OCCI Demonstration Programs /** * I
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OCCI Demonstration Programs RefAny
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** * Destructor for the occipool te
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#include #include using namespace
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occistre.cpp OCCI Demonstration Pro
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delete (demo); cout
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A application-provided serializatio
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OCCI DATE, 4-15 OCCI INTERVALDS, 4-
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N RefAny methods, 8-139, 8-143 setD
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RESULT_SET_AVAILABLE status, 2-17,
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