Miombo Ecoregion Vision Report - Biodiversity Foundation for Africa

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Miombo Ecoregion Report, page 37 management for biodiversity. This figure includes National Parks, Game/Wildlife Management Areas (GMAs) and Recreational Areas, but does not include Forest Areas, protected areas in Afromontane parts of the ecoregion, CBNRM areas or large water bodies. Game Management Areas form a significant part of the protected area network. They are areas where, although settlement is permitted, a major form of land use is hunting for meat or trophies. Both Zambia and Mozambique have large extents. In Safari Areas in Zimbabwe settlement is not allowed, and they are regarded similar to National Parks. Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) areas are mostly districts where the local authorities are actively permitting utilisation of natural resources such as wildlife and timber but on a controlled sustainable basis. Significant areas are found in Zambia, Zimbabwe and the Caprivi Strip of Namibia. Forest Areas are state-controlled and are used for either catchment protection (especially Malawi and Zambia) or for commercial timber extraction. Some are also used for trophy hunting. Very often they are important areas for biodiversity conservation, both of species and ecological processes. A map of all categories of protected or utilisation areas is given in Figure 5, and extent is given in Table 3. Although current protected areas may address some of the threats to identified conservation targets, they do not address some other threats, especially those to the underlying ecological processes that maintain the integrity and resilience of the woodland system. The large national parks of the region tend to be at lower elevations and in river valleys, for example, not in catchment headwaters. Dambos, wetlands, river valleys and riparian areas are key habitats within the ecoregion for both species and processes, but their conservation depends upon maintaining a level of woodland cover above some unknown threshold value in order to preserve natural hydrological functioning. Table 3. Protected areas within the Miombo Ecoregion. Protected area type no. areas 1 total extent (km 2 ) 2 National Parks 62+ 238,610 Game Management Areas 21 3 234,463 Forest Land 70 98,139 SUBTOTAL 571,212 CBNRM areas 32+ 38,406 Private conservancies Transfrontier areas 7? TOTAL 609,618 Source: WWF-SARPO database. Notes: 1. Includes all areas with at least part of their extent within the Miombo Ecoregion. 2. Figure excludes montane protected areas and those with a significant proportion outside the Miombo Ecoregion (e.g. Kruger National Park). 3. Figure is low as adjacent GMAs have been regarded as one.
Miombo Ecoregion Report, page 38 Figure 5. Miombo Ecoregion – protected areas (from CI, unpublished 2008)
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