DDC 1 Elizabeth Lau ModelCoordinationReport

16212 – Digital Design and Construction 

Assessment Task; UTS Central Project 

Model Coordination Audit 

16212 Digital Design and Construction 1 

Autumn 2017 - Assessment Task 2 

UTS Building 2 Central Model Coordination Review 

Lecturer: Julie Jupp 

Student: Elizabeth Lau – 12609842 

0




Contents 

1.0 Executive Summary ................................................................ 2 

2.0 Federated Model Review Outcomes ....................................... 4 

Model Coordination Reporting ................................................................................... 4 

UTS BIM MODEL AND CO-ORDINATION REVIEW TEMPLATE ...................................... 4 

PROJECT OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................... 4 

MODEL SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... 4 

Level 15 – UTS Building ............................................................................................... 5 

Roof Level ................................................................................................................... 22 

3.0 Summary of Findings ............................................................ 43 

4.0 Appendices .......................................................................... 44 

1




1.0 Executive Summary 

This independent model audit report has been produced on the behalf of the Client 

University of Technology Sydney (UTS) to identify the most significant critical elements and 

services clashes within a federated model (LAU_Task02-Building2_Lv15+LvRoof[C]) of UTS’ 

Building 2 Central Project. 

This federated model includes the following models: 

‣ Structural Building Model; 

‣ Architectural Building Model; 

‣ Architectural Façade Building Model; 

‣ Mechanical Building Model; 

‣ Electrical Building Model; 

‣ Hydraulic (Drainage) Building Model; 

‣ Hydraulic (Water & Gas) Building Model; 

‣ Fire Building Model. 

The UTS Central Project is redevelopment 

project involving the demolition of the 

existing precast Building 2 on Broadway 

Road and the design and construction of a 

new glass clad reinforced concrete 

building. The building is 17 stories high and 

will be the new location of UTS’ library in 

addition to the new teaching facilities. 

Figure 1: Site map of the new Building 2 

Background and BIM Benefits 

Building Information Models are Multi-dimensional, data rich and intelligent models that are 

changing modern day construction projects. BIM offers amplitude of opportunities such as 

improved visualisation and the efficient identification and analysis of clashes between multidisciplined 

systems. In doing so this enables a range of project benefits from cost savings, 

time savings and risk minimization upon construction phase of projects. 

This audit report focuses on the investigation and findings of a BIM which has been 

processed through Navisworks to determine a range of varying clashes and potential 

resolution opportunities. During the audit, clash instances were located, identified, and an 

assessment was made on their severity and resolution strategies. 

The process behind this audit involved the use of Naviswork’s internal clash detection 

function and the manual inspection of the automated results in a range of different viewing 

options including ghosted line models, exported tables and solid 3D component models. 

2




BIM Limitations 

Although the use BIM provides great opportunities for resolving clashes in an efficient 

manner, the relevancy of its opportunities was hindered by the issue of resolving 

constructability issues, but potentially creating design compliancy issues. For example, if a 

set of fire sprinkler were intersecting a network of mechanical ducts and resolved by shifting 

1000mm from its original location, this may alter the originally compliant distancing of fire 

sprinklers. 

Compliancy issues could be resolved by the inclusion of additional information libraries such 

as the NCC and compliancy detection functions in following versions of Naviswork. 

Another limitation identified during this audit was that identification and proposed resolution 

of building clashes is redundant unless all design consultants are using federated models 

with real time changes to model being viewable by all. This would decrease the chances of 

new changes creating further knock-on effects with the next model revision release. 

Figure 2: Federated Building 2 Model in Navisworks 

3




2.0 Federated Model Review Outcomes 

Model Coordination Reporting 

UTS BIM MODEL AND CO-ORDINATION REVIEW TEMPLATE 

PROJECT OVERVIEW 

Project Details 

Project Name: UTS Central Project – Building 2 

Project Address: 15 Broadway Ultimo NSW 2007 

Client Name: 

University of Technology (UTS) 

Date of Audit: (Commenced) 6/04/2017 

MODEL SUMMARY 

Federated Model File Name Size Rev. No. Rev. Date 

Co-ordination Model LAU_Task02-Building2_Lv15+LvRoof[C] 21,902KB 1 6/04/2017 

Discipline Models File Name Size Rev. No. Rev. No. 

Architectural CB02_A-FJMT-Architecture-IFC[AE] 7,673 KB 1 6/04/2017 

Facade CB02_A-FJMT-Façade-IFC[AE] 11,255 KB 1 6/04/2017 

Structure CB02 Structure IFC2x3 2,186 KB 1 6/04/2017 

Mechanical CB02_M-SVA-Mechanical-RVT[AA] 10,086 KB 1 6/04/2017 

Hydraulic 

CB02_H-ERB-Drainage-NWC[O] 

4,413 KB 

CB02_H-ERB-Pressure-NWC[O] 

5,010 KB 

1 6/04/2017 

Electrical CB02_E-JHA-Electrical-NWC[AC] 1,290 KB 1 6/04/2017 

Fire CB02_R-ERB-Fire-NWC[O] 15,756 KB 1 6/04/2017 

4




Level 15 – UTS Building 

Visual Hot Spots Check by #12609842 for Level 15 

Item 

No. 

Location Model Image Clash 

Type 

(Hard/ 

Soft) 

Description of 

Clash and/or 

Root Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of Clash and 

Why 

Clashed Systems 

Count of 

clashes in 

local area 

1.0 Navisworks Clash Detection 

1.1 Level 15 

1.1.1 LVL.15 Hard 

Drainage system 

is intersecting a 

section of rigid 

mechanical 

duct, with 

pressurized fire 

pipes also 

intersecting duct 

in that area. 

A coordination 

design 

meeting 

between 

mechanical, 

fire and 

hydraulic to be 

arranged. The 

architect may 

also need to 

be invited to 

this meeting 

due to 

potential 

requirement of 

dropping 

ceiling height 

below to 

accommodat 

e necessary 

drainage runs. 

Disciplines that 

would be 

involved in the 

resolution of 

these identified 

clashes would 

include the 

Mechanical, Fire, 

Hydraulic 

Engineers, and 

also the project 

Architect. 

Clash severity for this 

hotspot is high due to 

the complexity of 

these clashes and the 

knock on effects such 

as ceiling height 

changes that may 

arise when resolving 

this hotspot. 

Hydraulic Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building System 

Fire Building System 

. 6 - Clashes 

identified 

by visual 

inspection 

of the area. 

1.1.2 

LVL.15 Hard Fire pipe 

intersecting with 

Mechanical 

HVAC System in 

multiple 

locations. 

The root cause 

includes height 

of the Wet Fire 

Fire System to 

be lifted by 

800mm to 

wrap under 

Level 16 slab 

soffit. 

Cable trays 

can’t be 

shifted or 

Fire Engineer to 

coordinate with 

Mechanical 

Engineer. 

Electrical 

Engineer to 

consult with 

Mechanical 

Engineer. 

Moderate clash 

severity due to ease 

of adjusting the 

different system 

heights to resolve the 

hard clashes. 

Electrical Building 

System 

Mechanical 



14 

identified 

clash 

instances in 

this area of 

the level 

based on a 

manual, 

visual 

inspection. 

5




systems. 

Electrical cable 

trays also 

intersecting 

through the 

HVAC System 

around the same 

location as fire 

intersection. 

lowered, but 

instead can be 

lifted 600mm. 

1.1.3 LEVEL 15, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Root cause = 

height of the 

Wet Fire system 

and Electrical 

system. 

Structural 

concrete beams 

intersecting with 

mechanical 

HVAC system 

and electrical 

cable tray 

network. 

NB: a pressurized 

fire pipe is also 

clashing with the 

HVAC System. 

Root cause: lack 

of space in 

ceiling cavity to 

adjust 

intersecting units. 

Coordination 

meeting 

between 

Mechanical, 

Fire, Electrical 

and Structural 

Engineers, and 

also the 

architect to 

confirm 

whether the 

ceiling can be 

lowered and if 

smaller 

mechanical 

duct work will 

still achieve 

compliancy. 

Mechanical, 

Structural, 

Electrical and Fire 

Engineers would 

need to 

coordinate 

together to 

resolve these 

issues. 

NB: Potential 

knock-on effects 

would include 

Architect 

lowering the 

ceiling level, and 

or the 

Mechanical 

Engineer 

determining 

whether smaller 

sized duct work 

would be 

compliant. 

Clash severity is high 

as the resolution of 

these clashes are 

difficult and would 

require the ceiling to 

be dropped by 

potentially 200mm. 

Structural Building 

System 


System 

Mechanical 



4 – Clashes 

identified 

by visual 

inspection 

of the area. 

6




Automated Critical Elements Check by #12609842 for Level 15 

Item 

No. 


Type 

Description 

of Clash 

and/or Root 

Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of Clash 

Clashed 

System A 

Clashed 

System B 

Count 


2.1 Level 15 

2.1.1 

2.1.2 

LEVEL 14- 

15, 

CORE 

LVL.14- 

LVL.15 

LEVEL 14- 

15, 

CORE 

LVL.14- 

LVL.15 

2.1.3 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Hydraulic 

pipe 

intersecting 

with 

structural 

concrete 

slab. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of hydraulic 

pipes. 

Hydraulic 

pipe 

intersecting 

with 

structural 

concrete 

slab. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of 

Pressurised 

wet fire pipe 

clashing 

against a 

structural, 

concrete 

wall. 

No action; as is 

an illegal clash. 





Assigned 

disciplines are 

Structural and 

Hydraulic, 

however no 

further actions 

are required for 

this clash type. 

Assigned 



Hydraulic, 

however no 




Assigned 



Fire, however no 




This is an example 

of an Illegal Clash. 

It’s of low level 

severity and would 

normally be 

disregarded by the 

consultant team. 





normally be 







normally be 



Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 

4 – Based on 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

structure and 

hydraulic 

building 

models. 

11 – Based 

on 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

structure and 

hydraulic 

building 

models. 


automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Structural 

and Fire 

Building 

Models. 

7




2.1.4 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

2.1.5 LEVEL 15, 

PLATE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Hard 

A 100mm 

pressurized 

fire pipe is 

intersecting a 

concrete 

wall by 7mm. 

The fire pipe 

is also 

intersecting 

the nearby 

fire tray 

along its 

entirety for 

this section of 

the floor. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the fire 

pipes. 

Electrical 

cable tray 

intersecting 

with 

structural 

beam in 

multiple 

locations. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the 

electrical 

cables 

without 

federation of 

other models 

during design 

stage. 

This clash would 

most likely be 

resolved by 

dropping the 

100mm fire pipe 

by 150mm so 

that it would no 

longer intersect 

either the wall or 

the existing 

cable trays. This 

proposed 

solution would 

take advantage 

of the existing 

300mm deep 

wall cutout (see 

corresponding 

image). 

Electrical 

Engineer to 

review whether 

this upper 

network of cable 

trays is essential 

and if the 

cabling can be 

redirected to the 

lower trays. 

Lower trays 

would need to 

be wider than 

currently 

specified. Issue 

to be raised at 

next 

coordination 

meeting as the 

upper trays can’t 

be lowered, 

raised, or shifted 

due to collisions 

with the HVAC 

system (which is 

already clashing 

with structure). 

Fire and 

Structural 

Engineers would 

be the main 

disciplines 

responsible to 

resolve this clash. 

The Electrical 

Engineer would 

also be involved 

in the process 

due to a nearby 

clash between 

the fire pipe and 

cable tray 

heights which 

would also need 

consideration. 

Electrical, 


Mechanical 

Engineers to 

discuss clashes 

over phone calls 

and emails, 

ahead of 

coordination 

meeting. 

Architect to be 

in attendance at 

this meeting. 

Low severity due 

to relative ease of 

resolution and very 

few instances in 

the model. 

This clash is of high 

severity as it 

involves a whole 

network of trays 

(ie: high number of 

clashes), and its 

resolution is one of 

significant difficulty 

and limited 

options. 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 


a visual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash results 

that have 

been 

overlaid with 

the other unclashed 

disciplines of 

that level. 

37 – Based 

on 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Structural 

and 

Electrical 

Building 

Models. 

8




2.1.6 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

2.1.7 LEVEL 15, 

PLATE 

NW, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Hard 

Electrical 

cable tray 

intersecting 

with 

structural 

beam and 

fire pipes 

about Lv15 

core. 

Mech HVAC 

ducts 

intersecting 

with 

structural 

beams in 

multiple 

locations. 

Ceiling may 

need to be 

lowered by 100 

to 150mm 

depending on 

other sizing 

factors. 

This section of 

cable tray on 

level 15 to be 

lowered by 

572mm to avoid 

intersection with 

beam, fire pipes 

and mechanical 

duct. 

NB: This solution 

would require 3 

downturned tray 

connections for 

the 3 points that 

feed into this 

area of the level. 

Coordination 

meeting 

between 

Mechanical, 

Structural, Fire 

and Electrical 

Engineers to 

determine 

resolution options 

and potential 

knock-on effects. 

NB: Duct may 

need to be 

ordered in a 

smaller 

compliant size (if 

possible), or will 

have to discuss 

with the 

architect if 

ceiling can be 

Electrical 

consultant to 

make changes 

to their model 

revision and 

confirm no 

potential knockon 

impacts with 

invitees at the 

next 

coordination 

meeting. 

Mechanical, 

Structural, Fire, 

Electrical 

Engineers and 

Architect to 

coordinate 

resolution 

options. 

These clash 

instances are of 

low severity due to 

the ease of 

resolving the issue 

with minimal flow 

on impacts. 

The clash severity 

of these instances 

are high as the 

structural 

components will 

either have to be 

further reinforced 

for decreased 

beam size, or 

smaller ducts be 

ordered, or ceiling 

lowered by 

potentially 300mm. 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 


visual 

inspection of 

automated 

clash results. 

NB: This clash 

instance is 

quite similar 

to the one 

discussed 

above, 


visual 

inspection of 

automated 

clash results. 

9




2.1.8 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

2.1.9 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Mech HVAC 

ducts 

intersecting 

with 

structural 

concrete 

beam. 

Hydraulic 

pipe 

intersecting 

with 

architectural 

composite 

walls. 

lowered. 

Shift duct to the 

right by 100mm. 

No action; is an 

illegal clash. 

Mechanical 

Engineer to 

make changes 

to their model 

and confirm 

changes with 

the consultant 

team at next 

coordination 

meeting that 

their changes 

won’t produce 

knock-on 

impacts. 

Assigned 


Architecture and 

Hydraulic, 

however no 




Clash severity of 

this is low due to 

the singular 

instance and ease 

of rectification. 





normally be 



Structural 

Building 

System 

Architect 

ural 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

1 

50 - Based on 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between the 

Architectural 

and 

Hydraulic 

Building 

Models. 

NB: This was 

the only type 

of clash 

between 

Hydraulic 

and 

Architectural 

and all are 

illegal 

clashes. 

10




2.1.11 LEVEL 15, 

PLATE & 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Pressurised 

wet fire pipe 

clashing 

against wall. 



Assigned 











normally be 



Architect 

ural 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 

48 - Based on 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Architecture 

and Fire 

Building 

Models. 

2.1.12 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Dry fire cable 

tray clashing 

against a 

concrete 

wall. 



Assigned 











normally be 



Architect 

ural 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 

2 – Instances 

based on the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Architecture 

and Fire 

Building 

Models. 

2.1.13 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

2.1.14 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

? 

Hard 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Electrical 

cable tray 

intersecting 

against 

concrete 

wall. 

Electrical 

cable tray 

clashing 

against a 

concrete 

wall. 

Shift cable tray 

to the left by 

50mm to ovoid 


the wall. Also 

lower the cable 

tray by 25mm so 

cable tray so it 

wraps under the 

nearby network 

of rigid HVAC 

duct. 



Electrical 

consultant to 

make changes 

and confirm with 

the Architect 

and mechanical 

engineer that no 

new changes in 

their 

corresponding 

models will 

impact the 

proposed 

resolution option. 

Assigned 



Electrical, 

however no 




This clash is of low 

severity due to the 

ease of its 

resolution. 





normally be 



Arch. 

Building 

System 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System. 


based on the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Architecture 

and 

Electrical 

Building 

Models. 


based on the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Architecture 

and 

Electrical 

Building 

11




2.1.15 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

2.1.16 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Hard 

NB: is 

an 

Illegal 

Clash 

Mechanical 

rigid duct 

clashing 

against a 

concrete 

wall. 

Mechanical 

rigid duct 

clashing 

against Level 

15 ceiling in 

multiple 

locations. 





Assigned 



Mechanical, 

however no 




Assigned 



Mechanical, 

however no 








normally be 







normally be 



Arch. 

Building 

System 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Models. 


based on the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

between 

Architecture 

and 

Mechanical 

Building 

Models. 


detected 

clashes of this 

instance 

upon 

interrogation 

of 

automated 

clash 

detection. 

12




2.1.17 

2.1.18 

As shown in the image on the right, the Hydraulic (water 

and gas) Building System does not branch out on level 

15 (Level 15 is under the blue transparent slab, pipes 

above the slab are on level 16). 

Instead, the Hydraulic (Water and Gas) Building System 

travels down isolated risers and in doing so it doesn’t 

clash with any of the other Building Systems on Level 15 

(the assigned floor for this project). Hence, 0 clashes 

were detected between the Hydraulic (Water & Gas) 

Building System and the Architectural Building System. 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water& 

Gas) Building 

System 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection of 

the two 

systems. 

2.1.19 

2.1.20 

As shown in the image on the right, the Hydraulic (water 

and gas) Building System does not branch out on level 

15 (Level 15 is under the blue transparent slab, pipes 

above the slab are on level 16). 

Instead, the Hydraulic (Water and Gas) Building System 

travels down isolated risers and in doing so it doesn’t 

clash with any of the other Building Systems on Level 15 

(the assigned floor for this project). Hence, 0 clashes 

were detected between the Hydraulic (Water & Gas) 

Building System and the Structural Building System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) Building 

System 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection of 

the two 

systems. 

13




Automated Services Check by #12609842 for Level 15 

Item 

No. 


Type 


Clash and/or 

Root Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of 

Clash 

Clashed 

System A 

Clashed 

System B 

Count 


3.1 Level 15 

3.1.1 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

3.1.2 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Hard 

Hydraulic 

drainage pipes 


section of 

Mechanical 

Duct. 

NB: Fire 

services are 

also 

intersecting 

same section 

of HVAC. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the 

hydraulic pipes 

outside of a 

federated 

models during 

design stage. 

Hydraulic pipe 

work 

intersecting 

through a 

section of 

mechanical 

HVAC. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the 


in an unfederated 

An urgent design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

Mechanical and 

Hydraulic 

Engineers to be 

organized, with 

the Fire Engineer 

and Architect to 

also be invited 

due to knock on 

effects on their 

disciplines. 

Shift hydraulic 

pipes in this area 

to the right by 

400mm so that 

the 100mm pipe 

will be relocated 

in the 300mm 

space between 

the two local 

HVAC networks. 

Disciplines 

responsible 

to resolve 

these clash 

instances are 

primarily the 

Mechanical 

and 

Hydraulic 

Engineer; 

however the 

Fire 

consultant 

and 

architect will 

also be 

involved in its 

resolution. 

Hydraulic 

and 

mechanical 

are the two 

disciplines 

that would 

be 

responsible 

with resolving 

this clash 

type. 

As this is a 

relative 

complex 

clash with 

multiple 

disciplines 

involved, it 

is 

categorize 

d as of high 

severity. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity as 

there are 

only two 

instances 

identified, 

and the 

resolution 

strategy is 

relatively 

simple. This 

is in 

compariso 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 


of this type of 

clash based 

on a manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash results 

between 

Mechanical 

and 

Hydraulic 

Building 

Models. 



clash based 

on a manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash results 

between 

Mechanical 

and 

Hydraulic 

Building 

Models. 

14




3.1.3 

3.1.4 

model. 

n to the 

other type 

of clashes 

between 

Mech and 

Hydraulic 

which has 

been 

identified 

above. 

As shown in the image on the right, the Hydraulic 

(water and gas) Building System does not 

branch out on level 15 (Level 15 is under the 

blue transparent slab, pipes above the slab are 

on level 16). 

Instead, the Hydraulic (Water and Gas) Building 

System travels down isolated risers and in doing 

so it doesn’t clash with any of the other Building 

Systems on Level 15 (the assigned floor for this 

project). Hence, 0 clashes were detected 

between the Hydraulic (Water & Gas) Building 

System and the Mechanical Building System, 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

test 

3.1.5 LEVEL 15, 

PLATE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Cable tray is 

intersecting 

rigid 

mechanical 

duct by 25mm. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the 

electrical 

cable trays. 

Drop cable tray 

by 40mm so that 

the cable tray 

will be 35mm 

above the 

ceiling and 

15mm below the 

mechanical 

duct. 

NB: This would 

only resolve the 

immediate clash 

between the 

ducts and cable 

trays, but a 


consultant 

would be 

responsible 

to resolve the 

issue by 

amending 

their model, 

after 

consulting 

the 

mechanical 

engineer first. 

These 

clashes are 

of 

moderate 

instances 

due the 

numerable 

instances 

produced 

by the root 

cause. 

However, 

the 

immediate 

issue is low 

difficulty to 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

10 - Instances 

were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

test and the 

visual 

inspection of 

the results. 

15




3.1.6 LEVEL 15, 

PLATE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

The upper 

network of 

cable trays is 

intersecting the 

HVAC system 

duct, and both 

services are 


structural 

concrete 

beam. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the 

electrical 

cable trays. 

coordination 

meeting would 

still need to be 

arranged for 

other nearby 

clashes like the 

fire pipe through 

the duct 

(shown). 

A design 

coordination 

meeting will 

need to be 

arranged as the 

combined 

intersection 

height (HVAC + 

trays) is 175mm 

into the beam. 

The distance 

between the 

HVAC and the 

lower network of 

trays is currently 

108mm. Upon 

lowering the 

bottom trays by 

40mm as 

suggested in the 

previous clash, 

the new space 

dimensions will 

be 148mm, 

however this is 

still insufficient to 

resolve the 

clashes with the 

beam. 

The 

Structural, 

Mechanical 

and 

Electrical 

Engineers will 

be 

responsible 

to 

coordinate 

with the 

architect 

and Fire 

consultant in 

the resolution 

of this issue 

due to the 

magnitude 

of knock on 

effects. 

fix. As 

discussed in 

previous 

columns, 

nearby 

clashes 

may have 

knock on 

effects and 

the cable 

trays be 

further 

lowered if 

the ceiling 

is lowered. 

This clash is 

of high 

severity 

due to 

complexity 

of the clash 

and the 

likelihood 

of either 

compromisi 

ng the 

upper 

network of 

cable trays 

and or 

dropping 

the ceiling 

height. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

4 - Instances 

were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

test and the 

visual 

inspection of 

the results. 

16




3.1.7 LEVEL 15, 

PLATE, 

LVL.15 

3.1.8 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Hard 

Fire pipe 

intersecting 

rigid 

mechanical 

duct. 

NB: only a 

25mm 

clearance 

above the 

duct, 75mm 

below the 

duct, and the 

fire pipe has a 

diameter 

of166mm. 

Root cause = 

poor 

coordination of 

services 

design. 

Clearance 

Zone 


section of 

mechanical 

duct by 

250mm. 

Root cause = 

poor 


fire system with 

other services. 

A design 

coordination 

meeting to be 

arranged 

between the 

Mechanical, Fire 

Consultants, 

Electrical and 

Architectural 

Consultants. 

Mech Consultant 

to determine if a 

smaller size can 

be used and 

achieve 

compliancy. As 

the fire pipes 

can’t be shifted, 

lifted or lowered, 

the ceiling may 

likely be lowered 

or alternative 

solutions 

explored. 

The clearance 

zone (green) 

and the related 

structures 

(connecting fire 

pipes and 

intersection 

point) to be 

shifted to the 

right by 500mm 

so that it is 

relocated into 

the 617mm of 

clear space 

between the 

Disciplines 

that will be 

involved in 


of this clash 

type 

includes: Fire 

Engineer, 

Mechanical 

Engineer, 

Architect 

and the 

Electrical 

Engineer. 

The Fire and 

Mechanical 

Engineers are 

the only two 

consultants 

impacted by 

this clash. 

The Fire 

Engineer will 

be 

responsible 

for resolving 

the issue by 

making 

changes to 

This clash is 

of high 

severity as 

the 

alternative 

solutions 

may need 

to be 

utilised or 

else the 

ceiling 

height will 

need to be 

lowered to 

accommo 

date these 

units. 

There are 

also 

multiple 

instances 

which are 

affected 

by these 

circumstan 

ces. 

This clash is 

low severity 

due to the 

ease of 

resolving 

the issue 

and the 

low number 

of 

instances 

(5). 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

14 - Instances 

were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

test and the 

visual 

inspection of 

the results. 


can be 

resolved 

using the 

proposed 

solution. The 

5 instances 

are shown in 

the second 

image and 

were 

identified 

upon visual 

inspection of 

the 

17




HVAC units. their model. automated 

test results. 

3.1.9 N/A N/A 

3.1.10 N/A N/A 

3.1.11 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

NB: No Clashes detected. 

NB: No Clashes detected. 

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Hard 

A section of 


pipe is 

intersecting 

with the 

nearby 

hydraulic 

drainage pipe. 

This clash can be 

resolved by 

lowering the fire 

pipe by 200mm 

to avoid 


the drainage 

pipe. 

The Hydraulic 

and Fire 

consultant 

are the two 

disciplines 

responsible 

for resolving 

this clash. 

Clash 

severity of 

this 

instance is 

low due to 

the limited 

instances 

and 

relative 

ease of 

resolution. 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection of 

the two 

systems. 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection of 

the two 

systems. 

1 – This 

Instance was 

identified 

visual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

result. 

18




3.1.12 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

3.1.13 

3.1.14 

Hard 

A section of 


pipe is 

intersecting 

with the 

nearby 

hydraulic 

drainage pipe. 


resolved by 


pipe by 100mm 

to avoid 


the drainage 

pipe. 

The Hydraulic 

and Fire 

consultant 

are the two 

disciplines 

responsible 

for resolving 

this clash. 

Clash 

severity of 

this 

instance is 

low due to 

the limited 

instances 

and 

relative 

ease of 

resolution. 

As shown in the image on the right, the 

Hydraulic (water and gas) Building System does 

not branch out on level 15 (Level 15 is under the 


on Level 16). 







System and the Electrical Building System. 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & Gas) 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

1 – This 

Instance was 

identified 

visual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

result. 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection of 

the two 

systems. 

19




3.1.15 

3.1.16 

As shown in the image on the right, the 

Hydraulic (water and gas) Building System does 

not branch out on level 15 (Level 15 is under the 


on Level 16). 







System and the Fire Building System. 

Hydraulic 

(Water & Gas) 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


were 

identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection of 

the two 

systems. 

3.1.17 LEVEL 15, 

HALL, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Fire pipe is 

intersecting an 

electrical 

cable tray 

along its 

entirety. 

Root cause = 

poor 


services 

design. 

This clash type 

can be resolved 

by dropping this 

section of the fire 

pipe network by 

300mm (NB: gap 

below is 675mm) 

and shortening 

the length of the 

fire pipe so that it 

wraps in front of 

the HVAC system 

down the clash. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash 

include the 

Fire, 

Electrical, 

and 

Mechanical 

Consultants. 

The severity 

of this clash 

is high as it 

affects 

significant 

lengths of 

the 

Electrical 

Building 

System, 

and would 

involve 

multiple 

consultants 

to resolve 

the clash 

and any 

knock on 

effects. 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

3 - Instances 

that could 

be resolved 

by the 

proposed 

solution were 

identified 

upon visual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

20




3.1.18 LEVEL 15, 

CORE, 

LVL.15 

Hard 

Fire pipe and 

sprinkler 

attachment 

are 

intersecting 

two networks 

of electrical 

cable trays 

Both services 

are 


structural 

concrete 

beam. Fire 

pipe is also 


HVAC system 

A design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

Fire, Electrical, 


Mechanical 

Engineers to be 

arranged with 

great urgency. 

NB: The project 

Architect may 

also become 

involved in case 

the ceiling gets 

dropped to 

accommodate 

services in this 

local area. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 

for the 

coordinated 

resolution of 

this clash 

include: the 

Structural 

Engineer, the 

Mechanical 

Engineer, the 

Electrical 

Engineer, the 

Fire Engineer 

and possibly 

the project 

Architect. 

The severity 

of this clash 

instance is 

of high 

classificatio 

n due to 

the great 

complexity 

of the clash 

and 

numerable 

consultants 

who will 

need to 

resolve it. 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

1 - Instance 


clash (ie: 

double 

clash) and its 

magnitude 

upon manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

21




Roof Level 

Visual Hot Spots Check by #12609842 for Level Roof 

Item 

No. 

Location 

Model Image 

Clash 

Type 


Clash and/or Root 

Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of Clash 


Count of 

clashes in 

local area 


4.1 Roof Level 

LVL. 

ROOF 

4.1.1 

4.1.2 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

Fire pipe system 


section of 

mechanical duct 

and then 

intersecting 

several structural 

members in the 

nearby area. 

Structural member 

is intersecting the 

same section of 

duct as the fire 

pipe, and so is the 

nearby network of 

electrical cable 

trays. 


trays are 

intersecting 

themselves and 

the nearby 

mechanical units, 

a partially 


structural steel 

member. 

Fire system to 

be lifted by 

500mm. Pink 

Mechanical 

duct to be 

shortened to 

end right of the 

structural 

member. 

Electrical 

cable tray to 

be shifted 

towards the 

centre of the 

level 

(backwards) 

by 250mm. 

A design 

coordination 

meeting 

between all 

the services 

consultants 

and the 

structural 

consultant. 

NB: other 

consultants are 

to be invited to 

confirm no 

knock-on 

effects by the 

proposed 

solution. 

Structural 

Engineer; 

Mechanical 

Engineer; 

Fire Engineer; 

Electrical 

Engineer. 

Structural 

Engineer; 

Mechanical 

Engineer; 

Electrical 

Engineer. 


severity due to 

complexity of the 

hotspot and the 

many influential 

disciplines 

involved. 

There is also a high 

risk of knock on 

effects if not the 

solution isn’t 

coordinated 

among the 

involved 

disciplines. 






disciplines 

involved. 





coordinated 

among the 

involved 

disciplines. 


System 

Mechanical 




System 


System; 

Mechanical 

Building System; 


System. 

6 

7 

22




4.1.3 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Fire system is 

intersecting 

nearby 

mechanical ducts 

in multiple 

locations. Fire 

system is also 


steel structural 

member. Electrical 

cable tray system 

also intersecting 

the large 

mechanical ducts 

in multiple 

locations. 

Lift the fire 

system up by 

500mm then 

shift it to the 

right and 

shorten it by 

500mm. 

Cable tray 

system to also 

be shifted to 

the right by 

500mm. 

Structural 

Engineer; 

Mechanical 

Engineer; 

Fire Engineer; 

Electrical 

Engineer. 






disciplines 

involved. 





coordinated 

among the 

involved 

disciplines. 


System 

Mechanical 




System 

6 

23




Automated Critical Elements Check by #12609842 for Level Roof 

Item 

No. 


Type 


Clash and/or 

Root Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of 

Clash 

Clashed 

System A 

Clashed 

System B 

Count 



5.1.1 LVL. 

ROOF, 

Hard 



section of 

structural 

roofing (made 

of concrete). 

No action as this 

is an illegal clash. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 

for this clash 

are Hydraulic 

and 

Structural; 

however as it 

is an illegal 

clash- no 

further action 

will be 

required. 

N/A – is an 


Structural 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 


identified by 

manual inspection 

of the automated 

clash detection 

results. 

5.1.2 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 



section of 

structural 

concrete slab. 



The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Hydraulic 

and 

Structural; 

however as it 

is an illegal 

clash- no 


will be 

required. 

N/A – is an 


Structural 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 


identified by 




results. 

24




5.1.3 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.4 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

Vertical section 

of pressurized 

fire pipe 


section of 

structural 


Horizontal 

section of 


pipe 


section of 

structural 






The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Fire and 

Structural; 

however as it 

is an illegal 

clash- no 


will be 

required. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Fire and 

Structural; 

however as it 

is an illegal 

clash- no 


will be 

required. 

N/A – is an 


N/A – is an 


Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 

7 - Instances 

identified by 




results. 

2 - Instances 

identified by 




results. 

25




5.1.5 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.6 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

Electrical 

cable tray 


structural 

concrete wall 

and beam. 

Electrical 

cable tray 


structural 

concrete wall. 

NB: This clash is 

in conjunction 

to the one 

discussed 

above. 


resolved by 

shifting the 

cable tray to the 


and dropping it 

be 150mm so 

that it clears the 

currently clashed 

structural 

components 

and wrap under 

the tunnel. 


resolved by 

lifting the cable 

tray by 35mm 

and to shifting it 

to the left by 

200mm. In doing 

this and 

connecting the 

cable tray will be 

in line with the 

constructed 

holes in the wall. 

NB: an upturn 

connection 

junction 

between the 

cable trays in 

the tunnel 

(shown in 

previous clash) 

will need to be 

installed as well. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash are 

the Electrical 


Engineers, 

with the 

Electrical 

Engineer 

making the 

amendments 

as their units 

are of lesser 

importance 

to the 

building’s 

design. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash are 

the Electrical 


Engineers, 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to the low 

number of 

instances (1) 

and the ease 

of resolving 

the clash. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to the low 

number of 

instances (1) 

and the ease 

of resolving 

the clash. 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System. 


identified by 




results. 


identified by 




results. 

26




5.1.7 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Two sets of 

structural steel 

framing is 


composite 

Mechanical 

Unit 

encasement. 

An immediate 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

structural 

engineer and 

the mechanical 

engineer to be 

arranged. 

The two 

disciplines 

involved in 


of this clash 

instance are 

structural and 

mechanical. 

This clash is 

of high 

severity due 

to the 

complexity 


the clash 

type and 2 

instances 

involved. 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 


identified by 




results. 

5.1.8 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.9 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

Structural steel 

framing 


large sized 

mechanical 

unit in two 

separate 

locations. 

Section of 

hydraulic 

drainage pipe 

intersecting 

Level 17 

ceiling. 


resolved by 

shifting the unit 

to forward by 

400mm and then 

shifting it to the 

right by 200mm. 

Hydraulic 

Engineer to shift 

the two pipes 

on the 

immediate left of 

the green pipe 

by 50mm to left, 

and then shift 

the green pipe 

left by 100mm. 

The two 

disciplines 

involved in 


of this clash 

instance are 

structural and 

mechanical. 

The two 

disciplines 

involved in 


of this clash 

would be the 

Hydraulic 

Engineer and 

the Architect. 

However due 

to the 

precedence 

of discipline 

priorities, the 

Hydraulic 

Engineer 

would be 

responsible 

with making 

the changes. 

This clash is 

of moderate 

severity due 

to the two 

disciplines 

involved 

being of 

higher 

weighting. 

However 

due to the 

ease of 

resolving the 

clash, it is not 

considered 

of high 

severity. 

Clash 

severity of 

this instance 

is low due to 

the limited 

instances 

and relative 

ease of 

resolution. 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Architectural 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

1 – Instance 

identified by 




results. 


identified by 




results. 

27




5.1.10 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.11 LVL. 

ROOF 

Soft 

Hard 



mechanical 

riser casing. 

Dry Fire cable 

tray 


basic 

blockwork wall 

with a ceiling 

located 

immediately 

above. 

Hydraulic 

Engineer to 

communicate 

with the 

architect 

regarding the 

nature of the rise 

(NB: had no 

mechanical units 

in it) and resolve 

clash. 

Core holes to be 

cut out or built 

into the wall to 

accommodate 

the fire system 

components. 

Fire collars to be 

installed if 

necessary. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Hydraulic, 

Architectural; 

and 

Mechanical. 

The Fire 

Engineer, the 

Architect and 

the Structural 

Engineer are 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash 

instance. 

This clash is 

of a 

miscellaneou 

s nature and 

depending 

on the visual 

inspection of 

the clash; it 

seems that it 

can be easily 

resolved by 

general 

communicati 

ons between 

the architect 

and the 

Hydraulic 

Engineer. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to the limited 

instances 

and relative 

ease of 

resolving the 

clash. 

Architectural 

Building 

System 

Architectural 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 


identified by 




results. 

1– Instance 

identified by 




results. 

28




5.1.12 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Pressurised fire 

pipe 

intersecting 

basic 

blockwork wall 

with a ceiling 

located 

immediately 

above. 

Core holes to be 

cut out or built 

into the wall to 

accommodate 

the fire system 

components. 

Fire collars to be 

installed if 

necessary. 

The Fire 

Engineer, the 

Architect and 

the Structural 

Engineer are 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash 

instance. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 


instances 

and relative 

ease of 

resolving the 

clash. 

Architectural 

Building 

System 

Fire Building 

System 


identified by the 




results. 

5.1.13 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.14 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

Cable tray 


composite 

ceiling and 

nearby 

mechanical 

duct. 

Cable tray 


composite 

ceiling and 

nearby fire 

services. 

Cable tray to be 

dropped by 150 

and shifted to 

the left by 

400mm. 

Arrange a 

design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

services 

consultants, 

Structural 

Engineer and 

the Architect to 

resolve this issue. 

Electrical 

Engineer and 

the project 

Architect are 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash. 

Mechanical 

Engineer 

would also 

be engaged 

due to the 

proximity of 

the duct to 

the cable 

trays and QA 

purposes (eg: 

prevent unidentified 

knock on 

effects). 


Engineer and 

the architect 

are the two 

direct 

disciplines 

responsible. 

Other 

services 

consultants 

including Fire 


may also be 

involved. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to the ease 

of its 

resolution 

and limited 

instances; 

however 3 

disciplines still 

need to be 

involved in its 

coordinated 

amendment. 

This clash is 

of high 

severity due 

to the 

complexity 

of the clash 

and the 

multiple 

consultants 

required 

resolving it. 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System. 

1– Instance 

identified by 




results. 

1– Instance 

identified by 




results. 

29




5.1.15 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.16 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

Large 

mechanical 

unit 

intersecting 

aluminum 

louvers and 

plasterboard 

basic walls. 

Large 

mechanical 

unit 

intersecting 

basic walls in 

multiple areas. 

A design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

Mechanical 

Engineer and 


arranged 

urgently. Other 

design 

consultants to 

also be invited to 

determine 

potential knock 

on effects and 

how to resolve 

them. 

NB: May just be 


A design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

Mechanical 

Engineer and 


arranged 

urgently. Other 

design 

consultants to 

also be invited to 

determine 

potential knock 

on effects and 

how to resolve 

them. 

NB: May just be 


The 

Mechanical 

Engineer and 

the architect 

are the two 

main 

consultants 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash 

instance. 

Other 

consultants 

are to 

provide 

advisory 

assistance, 

The 

Mechanical 

Engineer and 

the architect 

are the two 

main 

consultants 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash 

instance. 

Other 

consultants 

are to 

provide 

advisory 

assistance, 

This clash is 

of high 

severity due 

to the 

complexity 

of the clash 

and the 

multiple 

consultants 

required 

resolving it. 

This clash is 

of high 

severity due 

to the 

complexity 

of the clash 

and the 

multiple 

consultants 

required 

resolving it. 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 






results. 






results. 

30




5.1.17 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.18 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

A vertical 

section of 

pressurised 

Hydraulic 

(water & Gas) 

pipe 


composite 

ceiling. 

A horizontal 

section of 

pressurised 

Hydraulic 

(water & Gas) 

pipe 


basic block 

wall in two 

sections. 



Hydraulic 

Engineer to 

confirm that the 

clash is an illegal 

clash and that 

the block wall 

core is being 

used as a riser. 

If not, the 

Hydraulic 

Engineer is to 

communicate 

with the 

Architect and 

Structural 

Engineer on 

possibility of 

turning the wall 

into a riser, or 

move that 

section of 

hydraulic pipes. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Hydraulic 

and 


however as it 

is an illegal 

clash- no 


will be 

required. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Hydraulic, 


Architectural. 

N/A – is an 


Clash 

severity is 

moderate 

due to the 

very limited 

instances 

and 

simplicity of 

the clash 

instance. 

Arch. 

Building 

System 

Arc. 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 






results. 






results. 

31




5.1.19 LVL. 

ROOF 

5.1.20 LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Hard 

A vertical 

section of 

pressurised 

Hydraulic 

(water & Gas) 

pipe 

intersecting 

level 17 


A section of 

pressurised 

hydraulic pipe 


structural 

concrete 

beam. 



Pressurised 

hydraulic pipe to 

be shifted to the 

left by 200mm 

then brought 

forward by 

200mm, and 

then lowered by 

200mm so as to 

avoid 


the network of 

fire pipes below. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Hydraulic 

and 

Structural; 

however as it 

is an illegal 

clash- no 


will be 

required. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 


are Hydraulic 

and 

Structural. 

N/A – is an 


This clash 

instance is 

moderate 

due to the 

low number 

of instances, 

relative ease 

of resolving 

the clash 

and level of 

priority 

assumed by 

the two 

disciplines 

clashed. 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Structural 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 






results. 






results. 

32




Automated Services Check by #12609842 for Level Roof 

Item 

No. 

Location 

Model Image 

Clash 

Type 


Clash and/or 

Root Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of 

Clash 

Clashed 

System A 

Clashed 

System B 

Count 



6.1.1 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Section of 


work 


section of 

mechanical 

duct. 

Root Cause = 


located 

110mm into the 

side of the 

duct. 

Hydraulic pipe to 

be shifted to the 

left by 115mm so 

as not to 

intersect the 

duct, and be 


the nearby 

150mm wide 

riser. 

NB: The pipe is 

116mm wide. 

The 

disciplines 

responsible 

for the 

resolving this 

clash are the 

Hydraulic 

and 

Mechanical. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to ease of 

resolving the 

clash and 

limited 

instances. 

No potential 

knock on 

effects were 

identified 

when 

developing 

the 

proposed 

solution. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

6.1.2 LVL. 8 

Hard 

Section of 



nearby mech 

unit in multiple 

location. 

Root cause = 

proximity of 

several services 

in a small 

space 

Design 

coordination 

meeting to be 

arranged. 

NB: the hydraulic 

pipes are in very 

close proximity 

with the fire 

pipes and are 

already clashing 

with nearby 

electrical trays. 

The Hydraulic 

Engineer, 

Mechanical 

Engineer are 

directly 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

the clash. The 

Electrical and 

Fire Engineers 

would be 

required to 

provide 

assistance in 

the 

identification 

This clash is 

of high 

severity due 

to 

complexity 

of the clash 

and many 

potential 

knock on 

effects such 

as clashes 

with nearby 

electrical 

trays and fire 

pipes. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

33




of knock-on 

effects. 

6.1.3 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Sections of 

pressurized 


intersecting 

mechanical 

units. 

NB: there is a 

226mm open 

gap to the 

right of the two 

pipes (shown in 

the second 

image). 

Pipe are to be 

shifted to the 


and narrowed so 

that they fit 

easily into the 

nearby clear 

space. 

The Hydraulic 

Engineer and 

mechanical 

Engineer are 

responsible 

for 

developing a 

solution to this 

clash. Other 

services 

engineers 

would also 

be consulted 

to identify 

potential 

knock-on 

effects. 

These clash 

instances are 

of moderate 

severity due 


number of 

clashes, but 

high 

potential for 

knock on 

effects such 

as cable 

trays that 

perpendicul 

arly pass 

through the 

open space 

on levels 

below. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

6.1.4 LV.8 

Hard 

A local region 

of hydraulic 

pipe network 


nearby section 

of mechanical 

duct units. 

Root cause = 


are too low. 


duct should be 

lifted by 250mm 

to avoid further 

clashes with any 

other services. 

Hydraulic 

Engineer and 

Mechanical 

engineer are 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash 

instance. 

This clash 

type is of 

moderate 

severity due 

to the many 

instances, 

yet ease of 

resolution 

and minimal 

knock-on 

effects 

presented by 

the 

proposed 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

34




solution. 

6.1.5 

6.1.6 

LVL. 

ROOF 

LVL. 

17 

Hard 

Hard 

Network of 

cable trays 

clashing with 

mechanical 

duct units in 

multiple 

locations. 

Root cause = 

vexed root 

causes; is 

partially due to 

the height and 

overall 

location of the 

cable trays. 

Vertical cable 

tray 

intersecting 

mechanical 

duct. 

Root cause = 

cable tray if 

80mm too far 

to the left. 

A design 

coordination 

meeting should 

be arranged. 

NB: cable tray 

can’t be lifted or 

shifted without 

producing 

multiple knock 

on effects. 

NB: may need to 

individually 

resolve all the 

clashes by 

shifting, lifting, 

extending, 

bending and 

lowering the 

trays at different 

points. 

Shift the cable 

tray to right by 

80mm so that it is 


the 200mm open 

space on the 

right between 

the duct and 

vertical pipes. 

The electrical 

and 

mechanical 

consultants 

are directly 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

these clashes, 

however due 

to the 

complex 

nature of the 

clash, other 

services 

consultants 

would also 

be involved. 


Engineer is 

the holds 

lead 

responsibility 

for resolving 

this clash, 

and the 

Mech and 

Hydraulic 

Engineers are 

to confirm 

that 

proposed 

solution is 

This clash 

type is of 

high severity 

due to the 

many 

instances 

and the high 

potential of 

knock effects 

upon lifting, 

lowering and 

shifting of the 

electrical 

trays. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity as 

there are 

minimal 

instances 

and the 

proposed 

solution is of 

relative ease 

to resolve 

with minimal 

knock-on 

effects 

identified. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

11 – 

Instances 

identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

35




acceptable. 

6.1.7 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Section of fire 

pipe colliding 

with a large 

mechanical 

duct unit. 

Root cause = 

height of the 

fire pipe 

network. 

Fire pipe network 

on the roof to be 

lifted by 500mm. 

The Fire 

Engineer is 

the main 

consultant 

responsible 

for resolving 

this issue, with 

the 

Mechanical 


Engineers 

also tasked 

with advisory 

roles. 

This clash is 

of a high 

severity 

nature due 

to the 

disciplines 

involved (NB: 

the fire pipe 

also 

intersects 

multiple 

structural 

steel 

members 

nearby). 

However its 

resolution is 

of relative 

ease to fix. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

6.1.8 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

A section of fire 

cable tray (dry 

fire) is 

intersecting 

nearby large 

mechanical 

units in multiple 

locations. 

Root cause: 

Poor 

positioning of 

the dry fire 

system. 


the Fire Building 

System on the 

floor should be 

shifted the left by 


avoid the 

multiple large 

mechanical units 

nearby. 

The Fire 

Engineer 

would be the 

leading 

consultant 

responsible 


this clash 

instance. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity as 

there are 

only 3 

instances of 

the clash 

and the 

proposed 

resolution 

strategy 

presents 

minimal 

knock-on 

effects. 

Mechanical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

36




6.1.9 

6.1.10 

Hard 

Hard 

Three hydraulic 

pipes 


section of 

electrical 

cable tray. 

Root cause = 

poor location 

of the 


by the 

engineer. 

A section of 


is intersecting a 

nearby electric 

cable tray. 

Hydraulic pipes 

should be shifted 

forward by 


be relocated to 

the open void in 

front of the 

cable tray 

(shown in image 

2). 

The electrical 

cable tray 

should be lifted 

by 200mm, as 

the hydraulic 

pipe needs 

special height 

considerations to 

ensure that 

necessary runs 

are achieved. 

This clash 

would be the 

responsibility 

of the 

Hydraulic 

Engineer to 

resolve as 

changes to 

their system is 

the most 

appropriate 

solution. 

Other 

services 

engineers 

should be 

informed to 

confirm no 

unidentified 

knock-on 

effects. 


Engineer 

would be the 

consultant 

responsible 

for resolving 

this issue. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to limited 

clash 

instances 

and the 

relative ease 

of resolving 

the clash 

with minimal 

knock-on 

effects. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity due 

to singular 

clash 

instance and 

the relative 

ease of 

resolving the 

clash with 

minimal 

knock-on 

effects. 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

37




6.1.11 LVL. 8 

6.1.12 LVL.8 

Soft 

Hard 

A section of 


work is 


outer rim of a 

fire sprinkler 

guard zone. 

A section of 

pressurised fire 

pipe is 

perpendicularl 

y intersecting a 

dry fire cable 

tray. 

This clash is to be 

resolved by 

raising the issue 

at the next 

design meeting. 


resolved by 


pipe by 100mm 

so that it wraps 

under the cable 

tray but doesn’t 

intersect the 

HVAC duct 

below (yellow). 

All services 

engineers 

would be 

directly 

involved in 


of this clash 

as image 2 

shows that 

this is a clash 

hotspot. The 

Structural 

Engineer and 

Architect are 

unlikely to be 

impacted as 

there is much 

space above 

the clash 

zone to 

resolve the 

many 

clashes. 

The Hydraulic 

Engineer is 

the leading 

consultant 

responsible 


this clash. The 

Fire and 

Mechanical 

Consultants 

would be 

responsible 

with 

confirming 

that the 

proposed 

solution won’t 

produce 

further knockon 

effects 

unidentified 

in this model. 

This clash is 

of high 

severity due 

to the many 

knock on 

effects that 

will likely arise 

whilst 

resolving the 

direct issue. 

Eg: 

continued 

clash with 

the nearby 

cable tray 

and mech 

unit, but no 

clash 

between 

hydraulic 

and fire 

systems. 

This clash is 

classified as 

of low 

severity as 

there is only 

one instance 

of the clash 

and the 

clash can be 

easily 

resolved with 

no 

identifiable 

knock-on 

effects. 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Drainage) 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

1– Instance 

identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 


identified by 

the manual 

inspection of 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

results. 

38




6.1.13 No Hydraulic - Electrical Building System clashes were identified. 

6.1.14 No Hydraulic - Electrical Building System clashes were identified. 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) Building 

System 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

detection 

assessment. 


identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 


identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

6.1.15 LVL. 17 

6.1.16 

NB: only one clash between the Hydraulic (Water & Gas) and Fire Building Systems were identified and has been reported in 

the row above. 

Hydraulic 

(Water & 

Gas) Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 

N/A 

39




6.1.17 

Hard 

A pressurised 

fire pipe is 

interesting an 

electrical 

cable tray. 

Root cause = 


fire pipe system 

directly above 

the electrical 

system, hence 

intersecting it 

at multiple 

locations. 

As open space 

above the 

system is not of 

scarcity, the fire 

pipe can be 

lifted by 500mm 

and shifted 

backwards by 

800mm which 

would resolve all 

4 clash 

instances. 

The Fire 

Engineer 

would be the 

leading 

consultant on 


of this issue. 

The Electrical, 

Mechanical 

and 

Hydraulic 

Engineers 

would be 

tasked with 

QA 

responsibilities 

. 

This clash 

instance is of 

low severity 

as the 

proposed 


difficult to 

exercise and 

ensures no 

identifiable 

knock-on 

effects. 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

6.1.18 LVL. 8 

Hard 

A pressurised 

fire pipe is 

interesting an 

electrical 

cable tray. 

Root cause = 


fire pipe system 

directly above 

the electrical 

system, hence 

intersecting it 

at multiple 

locations. 


pipes along this 

row to be shifted 

to the right by 

500mm. 

The Fire 

Engineer 

would be 

mainly 

responsible 

for the 

resolution of 

this clash. The 

services 

engineers 

would be 

tasked with 

QA 

responsibilities 

and 

confirming no 

other knockon 

effects. 

This clash is 

of low 

severity as 

the 

proposed 

solution 

presents 

minimal 

knock on 

effects. 

Electrical 

Building 

System 

Fire 

Building 

System 


identified by 

the 

automated 

clash 

40




Other Significant Clashes 

Item 

No. 

Location 

Model Image 

Clash 

Type 


Clash and/or 

Root Cause 

Suggested 

Action / 

Comments 

Disciplines 

responsible/ 

Assigned to 

Severity of 

Clash 


Count of 

clashes in 

local area 



LVL. 8 Hard Hydraulic pipes 

are intersecting 

a section of 

mechanical rigid 

duct and the 

nearby fire 

sprinkler is 



duct. The 

7.1.1 

Hydraulic pipes 

in this area are 

also intersecting 

the cable tray 

on the right. 

Arrange a 

design 

coordination 

meeting and 

develop 

solutions for 

each of the 

systems which 

utilises the vast 

open space 

above. 

Mechanical, 

Fire, 

Electrical; 

Hydraulic. 

High severity 

due to the 

complexity of 

the clash 

and 

likelihood of 

knock-on 

effects if not 

resolved in 

coordination 

with the 

other services 

consultants. 

Mechanical Building System 


Electrical Building System 

Hydraulic (Drainage) 


3 

7.1.2 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Root Cause = 

Poor 

coordination 

between the 

services 

consultants. 

HVAC units 

intersecting 

aluminum louver 

wall. Hydraulic 

pipes (red and 

blue) intersecting 

mechanical 

units. 

NB: Electrical 

tray network 

open ended. 

Arrange a 

design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

involved 

disciplines. 

Mechanical; 


Hydraulic; 

Electrical. 

High severity 

due to the 

complexity of 

the clash 

and 

likelihood of 

knock-on 


resolved in 

coordination 

with the 


consultants. 

Mechanical Building 

System; 

Architectural Building 

System; 

Hydraulic Building System; 

Electrical Building System. 

6 

41




7.1.3 

LVL. 

ROOF 

Hard 

Structural steel 

member 


section of 

mechanical 

duct (pink). 


pipes 

intersecting steel 

member. 


tray also 



mechanical 

duct as the steel 

member. 

Arrange a 

design 

coordination 

meeting 

between the 

involved 

disciplines. 

Structural; 

Mechanical; 

Fire; 

Electrical. 

High severity 

due to the 

complexity of 

the clash 

and 

likelihood of 

knock-on 


resolved in 

coordination 

with the 


consultants. 

Structural Building System; 

Mechanical Building 

System; 

Fire Building System; 

Electrical Building System. 

5 

Fire pipe further 

down 

intersecting 

another 

mechanical unit. 

42




3.0 Summary of Findings 

The level of development (LOD) of this federated model is LOD 200. This is because most 

model elements were information rich and meant that the different trades would be able to 

start ordering materials and equipment at this stage of design development. 

However, there were many clashes of significance identified on the levels investigated 

within this report which affirms that current design coordination to date need to urgently 

resolved. 

Furthermore, this model is a good schematic design which needs vast developments and 

amendments before construction can commence based off these designs. It should be 

noted that lower floors are usually better documented as design consultants amend plans 

on a bottom up basis, meaning that upper floors such as the roof are more likely to have 

unaddressed clashes. 

43

DDC 1 Elizabeth Lau ModelCoordinationReport

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