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Shears<br />

A shear is a transformation that keeps one line invariant and moves all the<br />

other points parallel to this invariant line. The distance moved by each point is<br />

proportional to its distance from the invariant line. The constant of this<br />

proportionality is called the shear factor. The area of the object remains<br />

constant.<br />

The shear factor is given by the ratio:<br />

perpendicular<br />

distance moved by a point<br />

distance of the point from the<br />

invariant line<br />

Example<br />

In the figure below, rectangle OABC is mapped onto parallelogram OAB 1C 1<br />

under a shear.

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