10 October 2017_final

DL-SW-01/4087/15-17 

Regd. No. RN 36834/80 

BULLETIN 

October 2017 

I.S.S.N: 2348 – 1137 

Vol. 37, No. 5 (Publication Date 10/October/17, Posting Date 10-11/October/17) 

MONTHLY BULLETIN POSTED NEW DELHI, P.S.O. 

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Price Rs - 10/- 

News From Non - Aligned World 

What’s New ? 

Health sector in NAM Countries 

NAM calls for convening a 

Conference on Disarmament 

NAM’s stance on climate change 

Non -Aligned Movement and its 

importance in Global Peace 

NAM reaffirms that terrorism is a 

violation of International Law 

NAM protecting Rights of women 

and children 

NAM recognises the role of rural 

women in sustainable development 

NAM’s position on UN 

Peacekeeping Operations 

Website : www.e-nnw.com 

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Vol. 37, No.5 

Date of Publishing -10 October - 9 November, 2017 

I.S.S.N: 2348 – 1137 

Regd. No. RN 36834/80 

DL-SW-01/4087/15-17 

Dr.(Mrs.) Pramila Srivastava 

Dr. Ankit Srivastava 

Himanshu Sharma 

Sujay Dhawan 

Pawan Kumar 

- Editor-in-Chief 

- Editor 

- Deputy Director, Research 

- Director, Administration 

- Director, Development 


A-2/59, Safdarjung Enclave 

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: Sudhir Printers, 151, Desh Bandhu Gupta Market, 

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Index 

• Health sector in NAM Countries Pg.08 

• NAM calls for convening a Conference on Disarmament Pg.09 

• NAM’s stance on climate change Pg.10 

• Non -Aligned Movement and its importance in Pg.11 

Global Peace 

• NAM reaffirms that terrorism is a violation of Pg.12 

International Law 

• NAM protecting Rights of women and children Pg.13 

• NAM recognises the role of rural women in Pg.14 

sustainable development 

• NAM’s position on UN Peacekeeping Operations Pg.15 

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From Editor’s Desk 

The principles of world peace, respect for law, establishing a just 

international order based on the rule of law and disarmament 

have been reiterated by the Non-Aligned Movement not only 

in its summits and conferences but also in the United Nations 

and other multilateral organisations. 

The Movement has expressed its concerns over the rising act of 

terrorism and firmly believes that acts of terrorism constitute a 

blatant violation of international law. As regards disarmament, 

NAM has been strongly advocating for convening a conference 

on disarmament. 

NAM has also taken cognizance of the social and economic 

challenges faced by the developing world. NAM Member States 

have undertaken a series of measures to achieve the goal 

of gender equality and promote the role of rural women in 

development activities. 

Dr. (Mrs.) Pramila Srivastava 

Editor - in - Chief 

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News From Non -Aligned World 

Health sector in NAM Countries 

By IINS Research Team 

Non-Aligned Movement has long stood for the accord 

and harmony of developing countries as they continue 

their common journey in providing better lives to their 

people. Among other things that NAM has done for the 

improvement and upliftment of its member countries 

is its longstanding emphasis that the enjoyment of 

the highest attainable standard of health is among 

the most basic rights of every human being and each 

nation should be able to fulfil them. 

education, sustainable energy, water and sanitation, 

and climate change (adaptation and mitigation) as 

much as by preventing and treating diseases and is 

largely dependent on affordable, accessible health care 

and medicines. 

4. Recognizing that progress in prevention and control 

of non-communicable diseases has been insufficient 

and highly uneven and increased efforts are essential. 

Through its annual ministerial meetings on health, 

NAM has served as a vital tool with which developing 

countries are able to coordinate their positions in further 

pursuing their efforts to strengthen coordinated global 

action on global health issues and to boost the ability of 

the World Health Organization(WHO) to deliver on and 

be more receptive to the needs of developing countries 

in the health sector. 

Recognizing the increasing outbreaks in the Member 

State nations demonstrates the urgency for a unified 

collaboration and assistance to bolster national efforts 

in order for all countries to develop strong, resilient, 

sufficiently funded and integrated health systems, 

including establishment of the core capacities of the 

International Health Regulations, and having the 

capacity for health-related emergency preparedness 

and progress that promotes universal, even-handed 

access to health services and ensures reasonable, 

quality service delivery. 

Non-Aligned Movement lays down several key guidelines 

for the better functioning of the health sectors in its 

member states. It also urges them to not only adopt 

them but efficiently incorporate them as a part of their 

daily routine to achieve much healthier results. 

1. Investments to build systems that are grounded 

in primary health care and universal health coverage 

and proficient in responding to varied and unforeseen 

challenges that could crop up in the future. 

2. Endorse ‘Universal Health Coverage’ to address 

affordability, enhance accessibility and avoid financial 

hardship for people who need healthcare, regardless of 

their ethnicity and socio-economic status. 

3. Acknowledge that good health is determined by 

many aspects of development including poverty, 

5. Stress on the WHO’s role in ensuring availability of 

affordable, quality, safe, efficacious medicines. 

6. Emphasizing the importance of sustained 

multi-sectoral, cost-effective and population-wide 

interventions in order to reduce impact of the risk 

factors of common non-communicable diseases through 

the implementation of, inter alia, national policies and 

plans as well as international agreements and strategies 

by involving all relevant stakeholders at all levels from 

“Non-Aligned Movement lays down several key 

guidelines for the better functioning of the health 

sectors in its member states. It also urges them 

to not only adopt them but efficiently incorporate 

them as a part of their daily routine to achieve 

much healthier results” 

across the globe. NAM Ministers of Health convene 

continuous meetings to keep tabs on work done, 

improvements and also to chalk out scope of further 

work that can be done to improve the situation. These 

guidelines have aided the member states in achieving a 

much healthier environment which not only facilitates 

better health services and are easily accessible but also 

promote a healthy lifestyle which is not a far-fetched 

dream anymore. 

However, there are still concerns that loom over NAM 

countries given that much of the development in the 

health sector is urban, marginalizing the rural folks 

and their chance to develop at a similar pace. For this 

not only setting up of such facilities would suffice but 

the need to create awareness is also a key unit for the 

overall development of the states as a whole. Therefore, 

though health sectors in NAM countries have seen a 

considerable growth and development, there is still 

scope for betterment to bring about an all-round 

transformation for its people. 

10 October - 9 November, 2017 

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NAM calls for convening a Conference 

on Disarmament 

By Dr. Ankit Srivastava, Editor 

Since the inception of the Non Aligned Movement, the 

NAM Member States have adhered to the principle 

of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation. 

The stance on disarmament has been a recurring 

theme at all the NAM summits. In multilateral 

forums like the United Nations too, NAM has been 

actively participating in the non-proliferation initiatives. 

On 26th September 2017, in the High Level Meeting 

of the UN General Assembly on the Total Elimination 

of Nuclear Weapon, NAM Member States supported 

the convening of an international conference on 

nuclear disarmament at the United Nations. Speaking 

on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Jorge 

Arreaza, Venezuela’s Minister for Foreign Affairs 

remarked: “As long as nuclear weapons exist, the 

risk of proliferation exist”. Arreaza said that the total 

and absolute elimination of nuclear weapons must 

be achieved because the use of such weapons was a 

crime against humanity. In making efforts to stop the 

spread of nuclear weapons, NAM reaffirmed support 

for using multilateral diplomacy in the negotiations 

to reach disarmament and non-proliferation goals. 

India, associating itself with the Non-Aligned Movement 

said that it was committed to the goal of a nuclearweapon-free 

world and the complete elimination 

of nuclear weapons. Syed Akbaruddin, India’s 

Permanent Representative to the UN remarked: 

“There is a need for a meaningful dialogue among all 

States possessing nuclear weapons to build trust and 

confidence” and to reduce the salience of such weapons 

in international affairs and security doctrines”. 

India reiterated NAM’s principled position that the 

Conference on Disarmament was the only appropriate 

platform for negotiations. India stood ready to 

commence talks within that body aimed at developing 

a comprehensive nuclear weapons convention along 

the lines of the Convention on the Prohibition of the 

Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of 

Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction. India 

also supported beginning talks on a fissile material 

cut-off treaty. Noting that increasing restraints 

on the use of nuclear weapons would reduce the 

probability of their use — whether deliberate, 

unintentional or accidental — India pointed out that 


it’s resolutions in the First Committee on measures 

to reduce nuclear danger and on a convention on 

the prohibition of the use of nuclear weapons had 

received broad support among Member States. 

Bangladesh, associating itself with the statement 

of the Non-Aligned Movement pressed deep concerns 

over repeated nuclear weapons testing by a Member 

State in violation of relevant Security Council 

resolution and concerned to scale down provocations 

and de-escalate tensions in the interest of finding 

solutions through dialogue and negotiations. 

Jamaica voiced support for the Treaty on the Prohibition 

of Nuclear Weapons as an important addition to the 

world’s existing disarmament instrument and called for 

a United Nations high-level international conference on 

nuclear disarmament to be convened no later than 2018. 

Jamaica expressed concerns at the additional risks 

posed by non-State actors with the means, resolve and 

determination to secure of weapons of mass destruction. 

Chile said that that coexistence in a world without nuclear 

weapons was possible, and that maintaining peace 

and security without resorting to nuclear deterrence 

was not only possible, but an ethical imperative. 

Timor Leste associated itself with NAM’s position on 

convening a conference on disarmament said that the 

world was facing numerous challenges and injustices, 

including threats from such weapons, which were 

“part of our daily reality”. Recalling that the world 

had once witnessed the catastrophic effects of the 

use of nuclear weapons, Timor Leste stressed that 

all methods should be employed to ensure that they 

were never used again, emphasizing that both dialogue 

and prevention would be critical in that regard. 

NAM Member States have reaffirmed the importance of 

the Conference on Disarmament as the sole multilateral 

negotiating body on disarmament, and reiterated their 

call to convene such a conference at its earliest by 2018 

in order to agree on a balanced and comprehensive 

program of work by, inter alia, establishing an 

ad hoc committee on nuclear disarmament as 

soon as possible and as the highest priority. 

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10 October - 9 November, 2017


NAM’s stance on climate change 


Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) as an idea was developed 

by three world-leaders:Nehru of India, Tito of Yugoslavia 

and Naseer of Egypt. In the beginning NAM consisted of 

25 members in1961; it has now expanded to include 

115 developing countries which constitute nearly 

two thirds of the United Nations. The Non-Aligned 

Movement was born out of a desire not to become 

involved in the East-West ideological confrontation and 

instead focused on important matters that lay in hand, 

national independence struggles, the alleviation of 

poverty and economic development of under-developed 

and developing nations. These principles were adopted 

at the founding non-aligned summit in 1961. 

The 10th summit in Jakarta in 1992 adopted the 

Jakrata Declaration laid out the future direction and 

priorities of the Movement. In the past, NAM was purely 

a political Movement; today economic co-operation 

between member states is given priority. Problems like 

the increasing population ,unemployment, foreign dept. 

and poverty are identified as the priorities. Another 

topic that needs to be addressed by the NAM member 

states is ‘Climate Change’ . 

Maldives, Bangladesh and seven out of ten countries 

in the African continent will be submerged due to the 

rising sea level and changing climate. 

In the year 2009, NAM member states presented 

themselves as an outspoken critic of any legislation that 

wouldn’t cap carbon dioxide emissions and establish a 

national program for trading pollution allowances. On 

25 May 2011 at NAM’s 50th Anniversary meeting in 

Bali, the United Nations Secretary General Ban-Ki-Moon 

called on the Non-Aligned Movement compromising 

of more than 100 countries to assist in “urgent 

global action” to combat the threat posed by climate 

change. The UN secretary General urged the Non- 

Aligned countries to come to a resolution on the future 

of the Kyoto protocol and on ways to engage the NAM 

member states in an emerging global framework. 

The UN Secretary General further called the NAM 

Member States to curb emissions and strengthen 

climate resilience. According to the UN Secretary 

General, it was in the best interests for developing 

countries if NAM worked in support of the United 

Nations in areas of energy access, energy efficiency and 

clean efficiency. 

“Among the developing countries, the less 

developed countries are especially vulnerable 

because a large share of their economic is in 

climate-sensitive sectors and their adaptive 

capacity is low due to limited human, financial 

and natural resources and institutional and 

technical capacity. As has been repeatedly 

addressed, the third world nations will be 

the first to face adversity due to our changing 

natural environment” 

Climate change is increasingly recognized as the driver 

of change to the world’s biodiversity, ecosystems and 

oceans. It is one of the most important global problems 

with unique characteristics. Among the developing 

countries, the less developed countries are especially 

vulnerable because a large share of their economic is 

in climate-sensitive sectors and their adaptive capacity 

is low due to limited human, financial and natural 

resources and institutional and technical capacity. As 

has been repeatedly addressed, the third world nations 

will be the first to face adversity due to our changing 

natural environment. Costal nations like Sri Lanka, 

On 27th September 2013, President of the 

UN general Assembly Dr. John Ashe said that 

against a backdrop of increasing impact of climate 

change, inequality between and among countries 

and more than a billion people living in extreme 

poverty, the cooperation between NAM countriesfounded 

on a virtue of solidarity was imperative 

for improving the socio-economic development for 

their citizens. The Non Aligned Movement should 

play a more constructive role with regard to climate 

change as members from the Non-Aligned world are 

most vulnerable from threats emanating due to the 

phenomenon. The World Bank has made a list of the main 

five threats arising from the climate change: droughts, 

floods, storms, rising sea levels, and agricultural 

products deficit. Not surprisingly, members of NAM 

have topped the list of the 12 countries at the highest 

risk. NAM must pursue an effective policy to reduce 

the hazards of climate change within a multilateral 

framework, as environment policy is not an isolated 

object and cooperation between developing countries 

in this regards will result in positive spillover effects 

in achieving the other Millennium Development Goals 

(MDGs) and providing the basis for livelihoods, health 

and security, particularly for the poor. 


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Non -Aligned Movement and its importance 

in Global Peace 


International organisations were formed after the 

Second World War in cold war situation by the States 

that did not seek to have any align with either the 

United States or the USSR, but were independent or 

neutral. NAM was set with a primary goal that every 

country should have its independent policy. It provided 

a new twist in international politics and served as a 

protector for many developing countries to maintain 

their independence from the competing claims of the 

two superpowers. It set as a vehicle for independent 

countries to escape itself from the race of militarization 

of the two countries at the time of cold war. 

The Bandung conference in 1955 of Asian and African 

country hosted by Indonesian President was marked as 

the significant milestone for the development of NAM 

which adopted the principle of maintaining world peace 

and cooperation. Subsequently, the first meeting for 

the NAM Summit Conference of Belgrade was held in 

1961 with participants from 25 countries. 

There were many positive and negative factors that 

influenced the formation of the movement. Identifying 

right of independent judgement, struggle against 

imperialism and neo-colonialism and use of moderation 

in relations with all big powers served as the three basic 

elements that influenced the approach of NAM. 

Post-Cold war, newly independent nations like Asia and 

Africa were not ready to compromise with their freedom 

and were deeply enriched with the feeling of nationalism. 

The two developing countries had economic crisis and 

were not ready to become allied with one of the bloc 

and become fully dependent. They needed a platform 

to come together, discuss their equal social, racial and 

political problems and to bring development in their 

countries. Even after the formation of NAM, the cold 

war was at its peak and military alliances was the key 

feature for the two power blocs to increase their military 

power and support from smaller and less powerful 

countries. 

Therefore, the nations decided to go for the policy of 

NAM that provided a platform for the two developing 

nations to avoid the military alliance and to become a 

fully independent foreign policy. Fear of overpowered 

by the two power blocs made them united and opt for 

NAM which had some conditions for joining the NAM 

such as 

• peace loving country 

• having an independent foreign policy 

• having sovereign state 

• non-aligned with any bloc 

• mutual respect for every nation’s sovereignty 

and territory 

• non-interference in internal affairs of other 

countries 

• avoidance of aggression and to promote equality 

• Cooperation and benefit for all nations. 


These principles were known as the 10 principles 

of Bandung which were later adopted as the main 

objectives of NAM. 

With the present scenario of the world in a slow yet 

steady pace, from uni-polar to multi polar world; NAM 

is still relevant in today’s world. The NAM organization 

itself is acting solid as ever, acting strong; giving a 

voice to the developing country so as to promote peace 

and cooperation. India’s first Prime Minister Jawahar 

Lal Nehru and prominent advocate of Non Aligned 

Movement delivered a speech explaining why every 

country should follow the Non Aligned Movement. He 

said, “The preservation of peace…it is in the pursuit 

of this policy that we have chosen the path of Non 

Alignment in any military or like pact of alliance.” 

In today’s era, with a total of 17 summits organised by 

the members to make the movement stronger and fulfil 

the goals of the founding members, NAM has a total 

of 120 members, 17 observer states and 15 observer 

organizations, representing nearly two third of the UN 

members, or about 55 percent of the world population 

influencing in its decision making. NAM is considered a 

Contd.....On Page 16 

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NAM reaffirms that terrorism is a violation 

of International Law 


Non-Aligned Movement has always condemned any acts 

of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. The 

17th NAM Summit held in 2006 Venezuela condemned 

all forms of incitement to terrorism, under whatever 

guise of justification, resulting in the loss of life and 

the destruction of private and public property and 

emphasized the need to combat the violent extremist 

ideology inciting terrorism irrespective of its origin. 

NAM has categorically stated that acts of terrorism 

constitute a violation of international law. At the 

recent United Nations Security Council Ministerial 

open debate on “Measures to eliminate international 

terrorism”, held in October 2017 in New York, Iran’s 

Ambassador to the United Nations Gholam Ali 

Khoshroo, speaking on behalf of NAM stated: “The 

Non-Aligned Movement reaffirms that terrorist acts 

constitute a flagrant violation of international law, 

including international humanitarian and human 

rights law, in particular, the right to life, leading to 

the lack of the full enjoyment of human rights and 

fundamental freedoms of peoples. Such acts endanger 

the territorial integrity and stability of States as well as 

national, regional and international security, destabilise 

legitimately constituted governments or the prevailing 

constitutional order and political unity of States, affect 

the stability of nations and the very basis of societies, 

create adverse consequences on the economic and 

social development and cause the destruction of the 

physical and economic infrastructure of States”. 

NAM has reaffirmed its support for the provisions 

contained in General Assembly resolution 46/51 of 

9 December 1991 which unequivocally condemns, 

as criminal and unjustifiable, all acts, methods and 

practices of terrorism wherever and by whomever 

committed, including those which jeopardize the 

friendly relations among States and their security 

and calls upon all States to fulfil their obligations 

under international law to refrain from organizing, 

instigating, assisting or participating in terrorist acts in 

other States, or acquiescing in or encouraging activities 

within their territory directed towards the commission 

of such acts. 

At the UNSC Ministerial debate, Mr Khusroo also 

reiterated the position of NAM that terrorism cannot and 

should not be associated with any religion, nationality, 

civilization or ethnic group, and these attributions 

should not be used to justify terrorism or counterterrorism 

measures that include, inter alia, profiling of 

terror suspects and intrusion on individual privacy. 

NAM has further urged all States, consistent with 

the UN Charter, to fulfil their obligations under 

international law and international humanitarian 

law in combating terrorism, including by prosecuting 

or, where appropriate, extraditing the perpetrators 

of terrorist acts; by preventing the organisation, 

“NAM has reaffirmed its support for the provisions 

contained in General Assembly resolution 

46/51 of 9 December 1991 which unequivocally 

condemns, as criminal and unjustifiable, all acts, 

methods and practices of terrorism wherever and 

by whomever committed, including those which 

jeopardize the friendly relations among States” 

instigation or financing of terrorist acts against other 

States from within or outside their territories or by 

organisations based in their territories; by refraining 

from organising, instigating, assisting, financing or 

participating in terrorist acts in the territories of other 

States; by refraining from encouraging activities within 

their territories directed towards the commission 

of such acts; by refraining from allowing the use of 

their territories as sanctuaries and safe havens or for 

planning, training or financing for such acts; or by 

refraining from supplying arms or other weapons that 

could be used for terrorist acts in other State. 

Mr Khusroo, speaking on behalf of NAM also encouraged 

all States, which have not yet done so, to consider ratifying 

or acceding to the thirteen international instruments 

relating to combating terrorism. The Movement also 

called upon all States to observe and implement the 

provisions of all international instruments as well as 

regional and bilateral instruments relating to terrorism 

to which they are party. The Movement also reiterated 

its call for an International Summit Conference under 

the auspices of the UN to formulate a joint organised 

response of the international community to terrorism 

in all its forms and manifestations including identifying 

its root causes. 


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NAM protecting Rights of women 

and children 


Non-Aligned Movement represents a very large 

majority of humanity of this earth. It has traditionally 

fought against imperialism, colonialism, racism, neoimperialism, 

and neo-colonialism, and against all forms 

of prejudice and dominance. It has fought for an evenhanded 

social and economic order, which includes its 

fight for women and children of the world. 

Women and their condition has always been a matter 

of major concern for societies and leaders, and more so 

has been the case in modern times. With the increasing 

threat towards this gender and the upsurge in inequality 

towards them has got NAM involved within its capacity 

to protect and further empower the kind. As women pay 

a crucial role in economic and social development of a 

family and on a larger level a nation, managing around 


forms of abuse, violence, neglect as well as exploitation. 

Furthermore, the progress of a country depends directly 

on the well being of its children. 

NAM has held ministerial meetings on the advancement 

of women discussing vital issues related to women and 

their further development. In this context the ‘Doha 

Declaration on the Family’ is termed as the first step 

towards the subject matter as it set fundamental 

principles regarding family interests and rights. 

Further in the ministerial meetings NAM has 

concentrated on matters like protecting women against 

wars and diseases, giving them better education, while 

granting them equal political, social and economic 

rights, also enforcing laws to protect them against 

domestic abuse. 

“NAM has been ardent in bringing a radical change 

in the condition of women calling on countries to 

end discriminatory laws, also asking nations to 

commit themselves to take series of actions to 

empower women. It won’t be wrong to say that 

this endeavour has brought a certain change in 

various countries bringing governments together 

for the agenda, with countries like Qatar, Gabon, 

Madagascar, Vietnam, and Egypt reaching to their 

women, resulting in better conditions for them” 

70-80% of food production, processing and marketing 

and managing small businesses and the lives of the ones 

related to her, NAM endeavours to not only examine 

the issues of women and what is holding them back by 

organising global conferences on women’s issues, also 

plays a lead role worldwide in taking practical steps 

towards the process of “empowering women”. 

Children are the nation’s most valuable asset and our 

most precious treasure. They deserve a safe, healthy 

and conducive environment to grow into leaders of 

tomorrow it is therefore necessary that values for a 

better future are inculcated in their education and 

upbringing. This issue which has been the centre of 

concentrated efforts before has become a topic of major 

discussion amongst the chief issues discussed by 

members of the Non–Aligned Movement in their recent 

summits. This includes protecting children from all 

It also focused on issues such as ways to increase their 

capacity and achieving gender equality in addition to 

eliminating all forms of discrimination against them, 

ensuring measures to strengthen the role of women 

in decision making politically and also in the field of 

technology. 

NAM has again and again stressed on critical issues of 

how vital women are for a nation to fight crisis, the need 

to cease any sort of violence against them, increasing 

their power and involvement in public as well as 

political scenarios, while emphasising on education for 

women. Hence, proving NAM’s serious commitment to 

the cause of women and their development worldwide. 

NAM has been ardent in bringing a radical change in 

the condition of women calling on countries to end 

discriminatory laws, also asking nations to commit 

themselves to take series of actions to empower women. 

It won’t be wrong to say that this endeavour has 

brought a certain change in various countries bringing 

governments together for the agenda, with countries 

like Qatar, Gabon, Madagascar, Vietnam, and Egypt 

reaching to their women, resulting in better conditions 

for them. 

NAM directs the community as a whole to strengthen 

the overall capacity of society in caring for children and 

Contd.....On Page 16 

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NAM recognises the role of rural women in 

sustainable development 


The new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have 

gender equality and women’s empowerment at their 

core. It has been acknowledged that for the SDGS 

to be truly transformational, rural women are a key 

constituency in assisting national governments to 

achieve inclusive and gender-equitable results. 

In October 2015, former United Nations Secretary- 

General Ban Ki-moon once remarked, “Rural women 

are the backbone of sustainable livelihoods and provide 

food security for their families and communities”. 

The then UN Women Executive Director Phumzile 

Mlambo-Ngcuka also reaffirmed that rural women play 

a key role in underpinning sustainable development 

and further stressed that following the framework of 

Agenda 2030 will help in accelerating progress for rural 

women. Rural women play a critical role in supporting 

their households in the achievement of food and 

nutrition security, in improving rural livelihoods and in 

generating income and overall well-being. Rural women 

account for a substantial proportion of the agricultural 

labour force, perform most of the unpaid care work 

and are significant actors in food production as well 

as in the agricultural, forestry, fisheries, and livestock 

sector. 

Non-Aligned Movement too recognises the significant 

role that rural women play in the realisation of the 

development goals. NAM has reaffirmed the vital role of 

women and the need for their full and equal participation 

and leadership in all areas of sustainable development, 

as well as resolving to undertake legislative and 

administrative reforms to give women equal rights with 

men to economic resources, equal access to ownership 

and control over land and other forms of property, 

credit, inheritance, natural resources and appropriate 

new technology. The Movement has also recognized the 

importance of promoting, protecting and enjoyment of 

all human rights and fundamental freedoms by rural 

women and girls, including the right to development. 

NAM has welcomed the adoption of the Resolution 

70/132 on improvement of the situation of women in 

rural areas which states that the empowerment of rural 

women is critical for the realization of their rights and to 

secure the well-being of their families and communities. 

Their contributions are vital to agricultural and rural 

development and local and national economies. Rural 

women are key to the success of virtually all 

the proposed sustainable development goals, not 

only proposed goal 5, to achieve gender equality and 

empower all women and girls, but also across 

the framework, particularly synergies with goals 1 

(end poverty in all its forms everywhere) and 2 (end 

hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition 

and promote sustainable agriculture) 

NAM Member States have reiterated the importance 

of empowering rural women as critical agents for 

“Non-Aligned Movement too recognises 

the significant role that rural women 

play in the realisation of the development 

goals. NAM has reaffirmed the vital role 

of women and the need for their full and 

equal participation and leadership in all 

areas of sustainable development” 

advancing agricultural and rural development In 

realisation of this, number of NAM Member States 

has undertaken a series of initiatives to promote the 

development and welfare of women in the rural areas and 

which is yielding positive results. Here, we focus on two 

NAM countries- namely India and Bangladesh. India’s 

rural development programs have helped organize 22 

million women into Self-Help Group (SHGs). A notable 

program in India has been Support to Training and 

Employment Programme (STEP) which aims to enable 

groups of women to take up employment-cum- income 

generation program and provide support for further 

improving training and employment conditions of 

women. The target group includes the marginalised 

asset less rural women. In Bangladesh, rural women 

are now engaged in rural development works across 

the country as labourers. Further, through the Kallyani 

scheme, Bangladesh is bringing the internet to isolated 

rural areas through a social enterprise that empowers 

women to become entrepreneurs. The women, known 

as Kallyani, travel between villages via bicycle and 

bring with them a laptop, tablet, smartphone, Wi-Fi 

hotspot and digital camera that villagers can use. The 

women have also been trained to give simple legal and 

medical advice. 


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NAM’s position on UN 

Peacekeeping Operations 

Since its inception, the Non-Aligned Movement has 

played a significant contribution towards maintaining 

international peace and security. NAM regards 

peacekeeping as the flagship activity of the United 

Nations. NAM Member States contribute to 88 per 

cent of all UN peacekeeping personnel deployed on the 

field. The Movement has adopted a principled position 

concerning UN peacekeeping operations. 

NAM believes that the primary responsibility for the 

maintenance of international peace and security rests 

with the UN and that the role of regional arrangements, 

in that regard, should be in accordance with Chapter 

VIII of the Charter, and should not in any way substitute 

the role of the UN, or circumvent the full application 

of the guiding principles of the UN peacekeeping 

operations. 

At the 8033rd meeting of the UN Security Council held 

on 29th August 2017, NAM put forwards its principled 

position on the UN peacekeeping operations. Venezuela, 

speaking on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement 

emphasised that all mandated peacekeeping tasks 

must be accompanied by a parallel, comprehensive 

and inclusive peace process and based on national 

ownership and the consent and adherence of the 

concerned parties. NAM stresses that such operations 

are not a substitute for addressing the root causes 

of conflict, among them poverty, hunger, inequality, 

human rights violations and mismanagement of 

natural resources. NAM also emphasizes the importance 

of respecting States’ sovereignty, territorial integrity 

and independence, reiterating that the principles of 

peacekeeping - consent of the parties, impartiality and 

the non-use of force expect in self-defence - are critical to 

the success of peace operations. 

NAM believes that increasing demand for peacekeeping 

missions and the multidimensional nature of contemporary 

operations call for a more robust partnership between 

the United Nations and regional organizations. 

In this respect, the African Member States of NAM 

attach great significance to the United Nations Security 

Council resolution 2320 (2016) which acknowledges the 

need for more cooperation between the African Union 

handled peace operations and the United Nations and 


By Dr. Pawan Mathur 

stresses the need to enhance the predictability, 

sustainability and flexibility of financing for African 

Union-led peace support operations authorized by the 

Security Council and under the Security Council’s 

authority consistent with Chapter VIII of the UN 

Charter. South Africa has called for United Nations 

assessed contributions to be used for financing African 

Union-led peace support operations authorized by the 

UN Security Council. 

Botswana while supporting resolution 2282 

(2016) has noted that peacekeeping operations 

should complement existing national, regional and 

“In this respect, the African Member States of 

NAM attach great significance to the United 

Nations Security Council resolution 2320 

(2016) which acknowledges the need for 

more cooperation between the African Union 

handled peace operations and the United 

Nations and stresses the need to enhance the 

predictability, sustainability and flexibility of 

financing for African Union-led peace support 

operations authorized by the Security Council 

and under the Security Council’s authority 

consistent with Chapter VIII of the UN Charter. 

South Africa has called for United Nations 

assessed contributions to be used for financing 

African Union-led peace support operations 

authorized by the UN Security Council” 

international efforts aimed at advancing dialogue, 

strengthening national capacity and assisting 

institution. It may be mentioned here that Botswana 

had contributed troops and military personnel to 

operations in such places as Somalia, Rwanda, Darfur, 

Mozambique and Lesotho. In the latter two, as well as 

in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it had played 

a mediating role, while its former President, Festus G. 

Mogae, was currently serving as Chairman of the Joint 

Monitoring and Evaluation Committee in South Sudan. 

NAM has also reiterated the importance of the Special 

Committee on Peacekeeping Operations, the only United 

Nations forum mandated to comprehensively review 

that question, advocating a structural and predictable 

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approach to triangular consultation among the 

Council, the troop- and police-contributing countries 

and the Secretariat. 

NAM has emphasized that in the context of the 

comprehensive approach and the objective of a lasting 

peace and security, UN peacekeeping operations should 

be accompanied by a parallel and inclusive peace 

process that is well planned and carefully designed, 

supported by the consent and adherence of the parties 

concerned. 

The Movement has called for peacekeeping missions to 

be accompanied by the promotion of economic recovery, 

reintegration and capacity-building. 

In conducting UN peacekeeping operations, NAM has 

called for adherence to all relevant Council resolutions 

as well as consultations with concerned States — 

including host countries – and has stated that the 

priorities of the latter must be considered, especially 

when designing and devising mission mandates and 

exit strategies. 

Non -Aligned Movement and its...... 

loose organizational structure with different economic 

and political interests. However, despite differences in 

interests and political outputs, the primary objective of 

all the members and organisations serves to maintain 

world peace and cooperation. 

Economic crisis and environmental pollution are the 

main issues of the world in today’s context. And with 

the failure of G8 to maintain their stand in crisis of 

global economic issues without support from developing 

nations, NAM can be the only organization for 

maintaining peace and can play a big role in controlling 

and changing the present international environment. 

Even after 50 years of its foundation, NAM strives to 

maintain world peace abiding by the rules of its founding 

principles, ideas and purpose that is to maintain peace. 

It promoted disarmament and prohibited invasion of 

any country. 

The rise of Third World Nations called the ‘Global South’ 

after Second World War served crucial to the world 

politics as well as to the global governance. With great 

powers and in the process of becoming a centre for 

economic growth, it led to several problems. NAM served 

itself as a protector during such situation for these 

small developing countries and provided a platform for 

Contd.....from Page 11 

them to fight against the western leadership. Not just 

that, NAM also empowered the members of the state 

to be independent and take its own decision without 

external influence. 

NAM has a crucial role to play in destruction of neo 

colonial system, the struggle against attempts to 

divide the world into spheres, the aspiration to a new 

international order which would be based on equality, 

justice and peace through summit conference. 

At present, there are many external force acting in the 

direction of disturbing the oneness of humanity, the 

NAM can work itself in curing these destructive forces 

and create one world based on respect for each other’s 

sovereignty and territorial integrity, non-interference 

in internal affairs, use of non-violence and threats 

to settle international disputes and respect for the 

dignity of human personality and protecting the 

rights of all people. 

As the non-aligned system provides members 

a forum where they can discuss their common 

problems, evolve solution and work out position in 

tackling international problems of peace, security, 

development, environmental safety and human 

rights. 

NAM protecting Rights of....... 

keeping them safe. This includes activities directed at 

changing attitudes and social behaviours through advocacy 

and awareness campaigns, strengthening parenting 

skills, promoting the need for alternative forms of 

discipline rather than physical punishment, and 

sensitization on the impact of violence against 

Contd.....from Page 13 

children. It further urges NAM member states 

to build intervention services of primary, secondary 

and tertiary levels including mediation, counselling, 

community monitoring, and in extreme cases intervention 

of state in placement of the child in alternative care for 

their safety. 


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